The New York Herald Newspaper, April 21, 1854, Page 2

ee the time of publication of this erder for loading and departing; and if met at sea by any of her Majesty’s ships shall be > pro tien, it shall pear that th heard before the expiration of hey haye mot on board any 0 Bervice of the enemy deaband of a Also, that a Of Morch, eran Place and di With depari, ‘Veasel, if met at s be permitted to continue Dlockaded. Forty thousand artisans filed the streets of Barcelona | on the gist ult. They were unarmed, and when sum- toned to disperse th 1. ‘They then tu stops t uburb, in order to join their comrades outsides the walls. The gates were then barred by the troops, who, when pelted with stones by the mob, had recourse to their arms, ‘Tho result was that Soveral of the mob were killed and wounded, after which they dispersed. : The steamship Arabia, Captain ©. H. G. Judiins, from Boston, reached Liverpool on the Sth inst. @u the 7th inst., the Canadian Steam Pany’s steamship Ottawa, Captain Atkin Mersey, from Portland, Maine, after a rapid passage of little over twelve days. She left Portland at 8 40 P. M. @ the 25th ultimo, witho’ thelr roy not ‘The mail steampacket Washington, from New York for | Cowes, was off Plymouth at half-past two P, M, on the ‘Tt inst. Our Londen €orreapondence. Lonnoy, Friday, April 7, NEW PROPOSITIONS OF RUSSIA—CHA ADDRESS TO THE BALTIC F ABANDON ALAND AND BOM BREWING AT CONSTANTIN BLACK SEA—ASIA—GEKMANY. Russia has made another attempt at negotiations, Prince George of Mecklenburg has arrived at Berlin with letter from the Cvar, in reply to an autograph letter Yrom the King of Prussia, The peror of Russia offers 59 conclude peace, and to evacuate the Danulsian Princi- polities, if the rights which the Christian subjects of the Porte have recently obtained throngh the intervention of France and England are guaranteed by troaties, and if, in addition, the fleets of the Western Powers abandon the Black Sea and the Bosphorus. If this nature of gua- Tantee is accepted by the Western Powers and by the Porte, the Emperor of Russia declares himself ready to millow the rest to be settled by the means of negotiation, an a congress, which might, for instance, be held at Berlin. Such are the terms, as published in the Prasstan papers. At first sight they seem plausible enough, but ‘they can only be regarded as another attempt at subter- fuge. Noman dreams that these proposals will be lis- tened to. Ido not think the country would stand it. We are sick to death with negotiations, The tone ef the English journals leave little doubt as to what will be the Teply of the English government, and the Paris journals ‘are equally opposed to taking them into consideration. The best reply to them would be to send the Emperor | sthe short but characteristic address by Sir Charles Napior to his Baltic fleet, on receipt of the orders to commence hostilities, hours since brought to town:— Lads, war is declared; we are to mect a bold and nn- | merous enemy, Should they offer wa you know how to dispose of them. Should they remain in port, wo must try to get at them, Success depends upon the pro- | wision and quickness of your fre. Lads! sharpen your | wutlasses, and the day is yourown. It is needless to say that Charley’s addross was cheered from ship te ship, and re-echoed from one end of England to another, It was only yesterday that the above address was made, fnd you may be sure ke will not lose time in having a wlap at the enemy. The Russians havo already abandoned the island of Aland, and the fortress at Bomarsund. Revel or Helsing- fore will be the first points attacked. The Danes and Swedes are making daily pleasure ex- Cursions to the fleet in Kjoege Bay, and openly exprossed | their hopes of suceess of the Western Powers. | Se much for the Baltic. | Curious things are taking place in Turkey. Wo hear Bhattroops are patrolling Constantiaople day and night. Phe fact is, that the Sultam, Abdul Medjid, has taken a ep which Mahmoud, the destroyer of the Janissaries, yould not have dared even to hint at: He has deposed the Sheik-ul-Islam, the hoad of the faith, because he re- fused to sanction the concessions demanded by the Wost- ern Powers in favor of the Christians. The whole priest. | hood, muftis, softas, &c., are ina state of fanatical in- subordination. But they can do nothing now. Ere this there are 20,000 European troops in or near Coastanttuo- -—THE DANUBE—THB ‘We are still in the dark as to the exact details respoct- ing the fall of three Turkish fortresses in the Dobradscha, ‘It was first said that little or no resistance was made. We now hear that at Matschin tho loss of the Russians Wasimmense. It is also hiated that gold did as much Borvice as lead. This I do not believe, simply because the Turks have all along been actuated by a feeling of no- Die patriotism, officers as well as men. | With the combined flects at Varna, consequently in | Tommunication with the main body of the Turkish army | at Shumla, and the Balkan range between, there is no fear of Constantinople falling, as the fears of some mako them believe. 40,000 English and French troops to aid the Turks, would have decided any action that has hith- | erto teken place on the Danube. At Ollenitza and Csi- | tate the Turks beat the Russians singio handed. The war is only about to commence. From Asia we Jearn that the gallant highland chieft: chamy! is pre- paring to come down upon the Russians. The headquar- | ters of the Turks are at Kass. General Guyon (Kurschid Pacha,) will shortly, I believe, take the chief command, He is an Englishman, whose name is familiar as having greatly distinguished himeelf in the Hungarian war. He Js said to be the Ucau-ideat of » gallant gentleman and Roldier, and beloved by the men. The snow still lies deep ju Asia, but the warm breath of spring is already felt, * nd active operations will shortly commence there. ‘The English public are astonished that we have not yet hheard of a naval engogement in tho Black Sea, The Eng: lish and Frenoh Admirals are in bad odor. They are ac- cused of want of energy; the more especially as reports are received of Russian vessels going and coming to and from Batoum, &c. Last night the subject was brought forward in the House of Lords, but the governmont fully approved of the action of the admirals. The Russian fleet is supposed to be ia the harbor of Sebastopol. In the House of Commons Lord John Russell gave somo explanations respecting the Greek insurrection, He said that he feared, uahap fostered by the Court of Greece and encouraged by the king and queen; and that consequently » rupture had taken place between Turkey and Greece, and the Westerm Powers had thought fit to interfere. King Otho had better take care or he will lose his crown. We have not yet heard of the effect produced in Greece by the Czar’s revelations in the secret correspondence. Nothing further bas transpired reapecting the views of Austria and Prussia. Their dubious attitude cannot be maintained much longer. The Revoiutionary Review of the War In Europe Loxpoy, April 7, 1854. To me Eprro or THR Fisrato:— ‘The Greek revolution is repwhlican, not Ruasi f much more consequence than the English press would lead you to believe, and should Austria, in epposition to all natural conclusions, side with the Western Powers, | ‘will form the basis of the republican movement through. Dut the continent. I enclose you a well written article pon the real position of Austria. G. N.S, THE CRISIS—ITALY. ] th feverish anxiety, Italy is watching the crisis, | ‘The war once fairly begun, Italy, it can hardly be doubt- | ed, wi in rise, and assert her own claims to life. ‘We commit no impradence in saying this—we are not be- It ts | secrets—we speak vn rational grounda, open to | drayi al ‘there is 80 vast an amount of sul 2 aspiration to- | | fog their | | tocertify their view | an } the Ottoman territory that shall have n cefeerns. She is Russian because a com- recently signed in Olmats, binding tof the cougq . g to cross the Pru sian victories opening the way to a:diam t ish empire. She is Russian be ers which would be threstoued by he stern Power zon her from ot and France ing them at. Govern: ; it is a subdter ing holding the onaeque f the Gre ment mey choose to call this an a An armed neutrality of troops on the Transylvanian abeyance an equal nun . and | them from the feld of ba Mark this too: provinces which she is bent on occupying for Tur really the two which, in case of a dismemberment, would claim for herself. So much for the mere politician : we should take higher ground. Are we about to fight againat Russia | tiem, whilo we uphold Austrian ism? ng to assert the non-interferenes principle, as against i chments, while we allow the right of in- terference on behalf of Austrian tyranny in Italy or else | where? Is England's banner to be the terror of the auto- | erat in the East, the terror of patriots in te West of Eu- rope? Dowe mean to embark in that most solemn un- dertaking, a war, without a principle to teach us whore | lies right or wrong; with nothiug to guide our efforts | but a temporary poll ken interest? This were ind . Is there no moral sense left throbbing in our hearts? Is the conddence of the nation mortgaged to an Austrian Kaiser? Thisis the must kee 2 diver! he t question we have, in all earnestness, to ask oar country- men ; this is the question which a free people may surely ask of a respon tote goverument. Let the statesmen who answer for England remembor that the reply, given while it is yet night, will have to be defended gwhen the dawm of intelligence has risen, French diplomacy has spoken out abruptly; with areekloss boldness well befit- ting a power basedon the December coup d'état, it pro- ¢laims the wild godless theory, Long live liberty for all | oppressed nations, if Austria sides with Russia. Let right | and liberty be erushed, if Austria joins owr enti-Russian | policy. Are we te endorse this theory? Are we doomed to this, via., that we caanot revolt against the onimipo- tence of the knout, without bowing at the same tiine to the cane of the Austrian corporal? What are we going to Turkey for? to cancel or confirm one or two obselete treaties? simply to repudiate the satus que ante bellum? Nn; | for should we so far succeed, should we even beat ba | the Russi thing real would be achiaved—the cause of the struggle would rerasin as powerful perhaps | before two or three years had passed. No, we to Turkey to end, and for ever, that state of things, 4 well as wicked, which has arisen from the yio- others of that priaeiple of uon-intervention | proclaimed by usin 1831. The principle was valueless, and worse than valueless, if not equally binding on all. | It did not bind all. It beeame an ebstruction in the way of every advance that might be desirod by Englan any other Iberal power, and a pledge of securi! despotic powers in any wrong it suited them t One violation succeeded another, Every noble attempt at liberty’s mame was stifled. The Kurop yiinent wos considered as a field open absolutiat encronchments. Poland, Hungary, italy, were crashed. | We held back for peace-aake. We were mo- rally aad politically wrong; had we mado our stand st the first violation of international libery, many ations would by this time be fre many noble victims would have been spared, dhould not hevomow to throw British gold blood i h question is the Isat, the determining astroggie, the object of which must be a decisive chango of system in the European interoational po! hereafter, is for us a mere exponent of abso! land has taken up arms with great reluctance not, she must aot lay them dewn until a serie sitions have been solemonty adopted by all th Pewers as & found: actions; and the first of these should be—‘No Power she can- of propo- Tu the erent of any Power violating this rule, all otuor Powers will interfere in opposition, and re-establish the balance | in favor of the attacked nation, We do not, we cannot, fight for Turkey as itis, if Tarkey as it is is loomed to internal elements. We cannot permit an external force to ceme into the field to kill, and then to si “That corpso is mine.”” Life and death must be left to God, and not to Russia, On this ground our war will be a just, wsacred, and a victorous one; on any other we shall be Wrong, and we shall fail, And this principlo of non-intervention, whieh is mot our principle, (which, at any rate, is certainly not the fermulary by which we should expross our sense of national right and national duty,)—this principlo of non-intervention we may et least domand shall be acted upon by the existing governments, who make it the first article of their creed; and shall be applied not less to the Greek movement [very much mis- understood by our press. The Greek movement is a national, not a Rugsian one. The true tendencies of the party may be fount ins pamphlet published in 1853 at Athens, under the title of L’ Urient par wn Orienial,} than to Hungary, to Italy, than to Turkey. England quailed before the frown of absolutiam, and gave way before each onward step it made; till now fear comes to the aid of principle and policy, and we fight because we dare no longer yield. To leave every people free to manifest spontanoously that special life which is its evidences of nationality—to permit no foreign, and therefore unintelligent, hand to crush its budding liberty, or rudely to haaien its trans- formation—such, and none other, should be England programme. THE WAR IN EUROPE. THE TREATY WITH TURKEY. ‘The following is in substance the treaty juet concluded between the sovercigus of England, France and Tarkey:— Whereas her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Majosty the km- peror of the French, havo been invited by his Highness the Sultan to assist in repelling the attack, which has | beon made by his Majesty the Emperor of All the Ruasias upon the territory of the Sublime Ottoman Porte—an at- tack, Whereby the integrity of the Ottoman Empire and the {ndepentence of the ihrone of the Sultan are me- naced, and whereas their Majesties are perfectly convinced that theexistence of the Ottoman Empire in ite present territorial cireuzascription ia essential for the balance of ower botwoen the States of Europe, and whoreas they have accordingly agreed to grant to the Sultan the assist- ance he has required to this end; it has seemed fitting to their Koyal and Imperial Majesties aforesaid, as likewiso to bis Highness {he Sultan, to conclude a treaty, in order wecordance with the foregoing, e way and manner in which their Royal .jesties aforesaid will aiford assistance to and to define ti Imperial Mi: ssadors and that of Ninister for Foreign Affairs)—who, having mutually ex- changed their credentials, that were found to be in good form, have agreed to the following articles:— Art. 1. Her Majesty the Queea of the United Kingdom of Creat Britain and Ireland, and his Majesty the Empe- ror of the Freuch, having already, at the reque: Highness the Sultan, given orders to strong divisions of their naval forces to repair to Constantinople, to protect the territory and the of the Sablime Otto- man Porte,” as circumstances should require, their roid Majesties engage, by this present traaty, to co-operate to a still wider extent with his Highness the Sultan in the defence of the Ottoman territory in Bu- rope and Asia against the Rugsfn attack, by supplying such a number of their land forces as may neem uece: sary for attainiag this object. Their Royal ani {mperial Majeaticw will despatch forthwith these land troops to such point or points of the Ottoman territory that shail aprear eligible, and his Highness the Sultan engages that t @ British and French land troops which shall be sont in suchwise for the defence of the Uttoman territory shall mn, aad be treated iu and French mect with the same friendly recept with the same consideration, 2a the Bri naval forces that have been sojourning for some time | pact in the Turkish waters. |" Art. 2. The high contracting parties collectively o gre to communicate mutually to each otier, without joss of timo, every and any them, directly or indirectly, on the part of the Emperor of Russia, respecting the cessation of hostilities, whether & trace or peace, and his Highness the Sultan engages moreover to conclude no armistice, and to enter | imco no negotiations for peace, as likewise to entertain no preliminaries of peace with the Emperor o | out the knowledge and consent of the remainug high contracting parties. Art. 3. So soon as the object of the | have been obtained by the conclusi peace, her Majesty the Queen of the Great Britain and Ireland, aud his Maj of the French, vbell forthwith adopt prompt withdrawal of their forces by 1 ‘ae shall have been employed for at the present treaty, and all the fortresses or eon occupied by the forces of Englaud and Frat reatored to the authorities of the Sablima Ottoms within * * ®* days, tobe reckoned from the exchanges of the ratifications of the treaty by which the present war shall have been ended. Art. 4, The present treaty shall bo rat ratifcations shall be exchanged, as soon the Emperor easures for the nd an can be from the day of signing. In virtue whereof, &e. * THE TURKISH LOAN IN LONDON PARIS. ITS PROBABLE EFFECT ON THE SULTANS INDEPEN: AND Italy, and #0 univerral and powerful » ‘wards a better state of thin Strange if Italy did not avail hers« offered to her—strange if, when t sare going to wer for Turkey’s independence, tl lian potriota should not likewise fee! the moment come for re-asserting ‘their own country’s rights. Should that event occur, what should be the thought and act of every Englishman? We have no hesitation in Buswering, sympathy and help. ‘There are politi is who give usa precisely contrary Qnewer. tome, who were loud yesieriay ia proclaming ‘the indefeasible rights of Italy, who even fowod it im ible to understand how the Italian pele could so and patiently endure their yoke—these violently ro- ve to day any thought of a national rising in italy. oy uphold the immoral atheistic language of the gs. that it would be very Ifof the opportanity Tow French Emperor. They are even ready to threaten re- | ernmeni. As the wile? ession from tive allied Western Powers. Why? Because acted in concert ou al! y believe that they may get Austria to site with them | oneaf such importance F Bgeinst Russia, Even as politicians they are practically ally ince the Fact of per ‘wrong. Austria is by necessity Ruse She is epon one Hide which are ¥ gion use her principle is the Russian one—deapot- fo diuyreeable complivations when the war om. She is Rursian because she cannot forbid Russin’s b to anend. Whatever course may flually ber. rference with Turkey’s internal conceras, whilit solved upon, it seems certain that, if the required st and will interfery with Roman, Taina, 1 PUUHA i 19 be calves Gither la Paris or London, yoping , ke a6ncnea «(city article), April 7 ¢ Turkish loan was, of course, re- ceived with ratisfaction to-day by tho parties who had applied for it when consols were two per cent above their present price, but the q the prospecis of Turkey, if she is to be left without money wt the present momext. Zhe proposals firal put forward having failed, the crelit of the O'teman givernment hae sus- | tained damage, which weuld only bein reased by aliemy Sresh negotiacions on Wwer terms, and. it is therfore dajioult io conjecture what al'ernatives will t fio. Namik Tacha has quite? Loz to be as eumed (hat the exp y plan being immediat ly devised for a rene ions with the capital iste of this e . en up. Meanwhile it ta aseerted that he has obtained £400, from the French gow. ted bya large boty | uld go ion for all future internatiowal trans- | st of his + roposition that may be re- | sea, such | ed, and the | effected, within the space of * * * weeks, reckoned a has been discussed as to | rhort of a poltical guarantee will suffice for the purpose. ‘the opinion, supposing that method to be ultimately en. a. sum should be bacribers in each ooun from their respe t of their claims. tion, and, if nm non enfarre he her pocition ¢ to fight t ces it eto be hoped that no further private pr will be introduced to turb the mone 1 ten still ba h he ean ture, an which it m ‘ore he cau be eu titled to appeal for advances t lies, )SITION OFT pril 4) of the Lon2ox about this proposition I wi journal well entith from the Ave with authority wh mac iheme, the language which describes tue new pre ne In the mes-age brought by the Duke Georze of Meck- leuburg, the Emperor of Russia offers to make peace, and to evacuate the Prinelpalities provided that the rights which the Ch jtets of the Porte are to receive by the mediation of Franee and that r he fleets of England and France leave the Black Sea and the Bosphorus. The guacan- teeing of these rights of the Christian subjects of the Pore would be practically that which Russia asked from the frst. Let this guarantee be given by England, France and the Porte, and Russia declares that she will be realy to regulate the rest by negotiation at @ congress to be held, eay at Ferlin. There is vo reason to doubt the substantial “accuracy of thia statement made by the organ of the Russian part; in berlin; but its value can oly be rightly estimated if the epecial circumstances under which the offer is made are considered. This apparent advance of the Czar is not a spontaneous movement. ‘Te message in question is a reply to the autographic note of the King of Prussia, | which was carried to St. Petersburg by General Lind- | heim, an officer high in the confidence of his sovereign? | That leiter, we are told, was ‘a supremo effort of conci Wation’’—the last appeal of an anxious royal brother. Moreover, the offer was made at a moment when it was | notorious that Prusria was pressed by Austria to signa | treaty for facilitating a common military action betwen the two principe! German Powers, and for fixing the con- ditions upen which Austria shoul! be empowered to sum. mon Prusais and the rest of Germany against Russia. | Prossia evaded the demand in order to gain time to sem! | toSt. Petersburg, and declined to conclude the treaty with Austria until the result of General Liadheim’s mes- sage eliould be known, These are the civcumstances under which Russia pro. ew terms of peace, and regarding them, together umsubstantial nature of the latter, it certainly looks as if the court of Prussia, much in want of @ pre- text for evading its duty to Europe, had sent for one to St. Petersburg, and had succeeded. ‘know not what may Le the effect of the new propositions abroad, but here they are considered as made, not xo auch for the purpose, of promoting peace, as for furnishing a specious instance of the Caar’s which to strike the Germany. No Is of European order believe that England and ted from their great mission, and, by g the Crar’s terms, allow the Eastern question , or the’ next, as it has done for tho Of course, it is too much to us orgens of the press will al- lauding their great patroa to go arter of a century. expect that certain note ow unimproved ck jobbers, too, will, as before, as- sume an obtuseness of wit which fs not theirs, and affect » im the con tentions of the Czar as y their purpose, > If, however, Lam not imis- rofessions of the Czar, nor the timid ja and Berlin will mislead them this year, and they will judge for themselves of the invitation to tirow eway nll th ous, swidle on Turkey and op England all the old with Russia, leave the Black Sea a Russian lake, and the Czar as mischievous as ever. and which the telegraphic wires have afew | ghailever interfore, except by peacsful and friendly ad- | IMPORTANT FROM TURKEY-—THE NEW PRO- | | Yice, with another people’s internal concerns. POSITIONS OF THE CZAR, [From the London Times, April 7.] When we siated yesterday that the changes now in- | troduced in the Ottoman empire by the influence of the Powers which have allied themselres for its defence peri We capaot revive o corpse, if Turkey is, as smountto a revolution in its social comtlition, we did | mony believe, a corpse. But the’ dissolving work | noi foresee the very striking confirmation of this remark must be left to the free spontaneous action of its ’ whieh reached us ® few hours later by the telegraph. We are informed by # communication from Constan- tinople, dated the 27th of March, that the ions of the mosques are to ba declared the property of the Slate, and tha! the refiaal of the Shetk-ul-Islam to consent to this measure was the cause of his deposition, If this statemont be correct, it is beyond all comparison the most important resolution taken by the Turkish government siace the destruction of the Janissaries, for it is measure from which Sultan Mahmoud himself recoiled, though he had often contem, lated it as one of the most essential condi~ tions of the regeneration of the empire. In fact, a mea- sure so contrary to the prejudices of the Muss ns and the interests of the Ulemas could ly have been at- be ted with any chance of safety to the Sultan or his ministers unless ke had the sapport of a considerable force in the immediate neighborhood of the capital; and even now we shall not be surprised to learn that » coup @’étaé of this deecription has been followed by agitation | and excitement among the Mussulman population. ‘The mosques and religious feundations of the Ottoman empire form important spiritual corporations, exercising anindependent, logal, and theocratical power im tho State. ‘The Ulemas, cr masters of the law and the Ko- Tan, are the sole possessors of the vast wealth belonging te these foundations, and at the same time, as the ex pounders of the faith and fundamental laws’ of Islam, they enjoy an authority to which the highest powers in the Stale have been compelled to bow. “The faseourity of property under an arbitrary government and many other causes have induced Turkish landowners from generation to generation to assign over the fee simple of their estates to the mosques, reserving only the usufruct to themselves and their direct male descendants. Land thus held by the mosques or religious corporations bo- | came rarocf, or, as it is termed in India, wuky, { Bay forever in mortmain. Such lands have | dee hitherto this tenure has so increased and extended by the mere influence of duration and security in an empire where all other property is fluctuating and insecure that full three-quarters of the soil of the Turkish dominions are | To Jlispossess these | said to beheld im this manner. [ribet corporations of landed property which they ave helé for centuries by the twofold ussge and religious veneration—to reaume the direct authority of the Sulina ever so large a portion of the lands of the empire, one-third of which was allotted to the mosques by Mahomet the Conqueror—and to dety the whole power which the Ulemas and religious orders may be able to rights, is cert + taken ina great emergency. Bot we entertain no doubt that this resumption of Jandy is an indiapensable preliminary to the real reform and progress of the country. Sooner or later in its hig. tory, every Christian State hee undergone it, and the ich the euperstition or the rapaeity of former ages placed in the hands of the church have been yred to the common uses of society. ‘The social revo- n which is being effected in Turkey by the emancf- pation of the Christians, and the establishment of ple of equality between all races aud religions of empire, led by an inevitable consequence to th litfon of the exclisive supremacy which the Mussulmans bave hitherto exercised over the largest portion of the soil, exceptin the Archipelago and in the provinces, from which they sre excluced by treaty, And, although cbangex of thic nature are nevernecomplishel without the dangers and sufferings inseparable from revolution, the the future etrengih and independence of Turkey depend | on the introduction of # system totally distinet from that which has reduced so magnificent an empire to the verge of dissolution. We are told that the last message received at Berlin from the Emperor of Russia, and by Prince George of Mecklenburg, is to the efect that the Emperor will evacuate the Principalities whenever the Wastern Powers have obiained from the Turks, by treaty, the emancipation 7 the Christan population. The Western Prwers have sought as Wilile as p ‘o vind the Porte Wy treaty bo emy suck conditions, aii it is not nece: their object that the concessions made to the Christians ould be the result of any compact with a foreign gov- ment; but a matter of fact, the Porte has already conceded infinitely more to its Christian subjects, on the | friendly representations of the allied Powers, than it | could ever kave granted to the menaces of Russia; and, | if the Emperor Nicholas is disp: sed to. make the emanei pation of the Christians the test of peace or war, he ma: at once Withdraw from the P alities he has invaded, | since we have gained more for the Christians of the Kast | by defending the rights of Turkey than he claimed by | silacking them. We cannot, however, regard the propo- | sels last forwarded to Berlin by the Prince of Mecklen- burg as a serious or honest 0% nd we fear they are | intended to serve a very aisle ©. The object of | the court of Russia is, if pos etach Prussia and | Anstria altogether from the a of the ers, and even to induce them to repudiate the to which they have given their asseut by the p ‘Yo Accomplish thi | | cor | to put forwar rf le to enable ¢ Powers to ake xt for t tho interests of | Europe, not snfficiently real_and important rest the operations of the Western Power: a proposition haa accordingly been sent to Berlin, re, as We have strong reason to believe, both the King of Prussiaand hit Minister are waiching for an oppor- tunity to evade the assurances given by them “only last weele ambers, and to betray the con, has been placed in those acsurances U nintives of yle. It in, however, in Le , and not in lalous int of the Russian e and attitude of the Court of Austria towards nt from that of Prussia, and the very exist- many as av independent nation depends on of the principles to which Austria adheres we and shortsighted views of the Court of language which we could with pro- priety employ wot alequately ibe the policy of the King of Prussia, and we regret to add that Raron Manteusiel, in whom we were for some time disposed to place confidence, has incurred strong suspicion of du- plicity and bad faith, which are the more disgraceful a6 they are directly opjosed to the course he professed at no distant period his firm r nto pursue, We had hoped he might be the Hardenburg of Prussia, but we fear he will prove another Haugwits, and lose in mean } aubjection to foreign he credit he once enjoyed as the Minister of an independent crowa, WAR DEBATES IN PARLIAMENT. THR ALLKGRD CONVEYANCE OF KUSSIAN TROOPS } THKOVEH THE BLACK Sta. In the Houre of Lords, on the oth ingtont, The Karl SvURY Tose and sail—Seving my no- | ble (riend the Fecretary for irs in hits place, think it my daiy to A which exanot but be of Ihe gece est ink 9 the Hou, and notice of { which T pave Jim ina letter i wrote to hig to Cirect the Attention of t wepeies, Clalistunyg Uluoss W & coraiaty ing. 1 beg and is | exempt from taxation and personal confiscation, and | nd of Tegal , ut forth in defence of their vested | ly one of the boldest measures ever | 9 abo- conveyed to that court | sary for | ro carried on with activity and success; forthe | le earl to | the accounts given in the public papers, that the Ru ships had left Sebastopo) le fi aac in two places, owv at the is reported that 4,000 the Cir rs have bee a a 4 oly feels more t would be either to ss questions (hear, hich would be in ffect the o tary oF na of (cl ltave never deny a n which might havea d cy as to what were the intentions of her to their operations in a duty which the gev- they should inform it of and of the events ent moment. My lords, eatod a very strong im- iniem'yglel with no It’ is well known that there d which mm ngs of ber Lese reports Lave cert preesion upon the pu very pleasant. feelings is a very large fect of English ships joined to am equally large Trench fleet, lying within reach of Constéptinoy ie. No doubt the public expected more thaa they ought from thove fleets, bat since their fires arrival there events bave taken place which have | ceriainly in their nature rendered the fleots fairly | Hable t6 obloquy on the part of the public, and I need only allude to the affair of Sinope as one of those events. Of that melancholy affair nothing moro need now be said, but it Cees appear that from some cause or other, our fleets have not been able to occupy that position and assume that mastery upon the Black Hea which we have | deen Jed to anticipate: but on the contrary, having mace, as far as we can learn, several attempts to occupy that sea, they ave beon obliged to return after @ very | short sojourn in the Euxine, to their anchorage near | Constantinople. Now, my lords, we are told that a | squadron cf Russian ships have come out from Sehaste- pol, that they have landed troops in safety on the shores of tie Kuxine, and that an English frigate has reported that opersiions of a similar character have tasen place on the Circassian coast. Assuming these reports to be true, nothing cam be more mortifying, after the man- ner in which we have put forth our pretensions to com- mend the Black Sea, and after the manner in which notification ef our intention to do so has been given to the Russian ficet at Sebastopol by an English frigate— nothing can be more mortifying than to find that we should bave been unable to act with such energy as to prevent the conveyance of succors and reinforcements by the Russisn deet to any portion of their forces carry- ing on active operations. | ‘The qoestion I would now aak of my noble friend the Secretary for Foreign Affairs is, wh vernment has had any information con- fi ? i, if such report be true, I beg to a ether he has any objection to state why the | Fnglish and French Meets Lave been content to li inac- | tive, as it were, at Beicos Bay; and why, also, it appear- ing that the hussian ships have been enabled to nav: the Euxine, it kas been thought dangerous or intr: for the Fngifsh flect to do so, whereby it has bee vented fre mies? (I The Ts avmypon satd—My lords, T am very far from con-idering the question which has been put te me by my noble friend as of ® useloss or improper charac- ter, and l agree with my neble friend that the psople of this country ought to be informed of the great erents which agcur in the present juncture, although the gov- erpmenfare certnizly not bound to give any infermation 2s to the disposilion or operation of our fleets; aud I cannot agrec with the noble £arl in thinking that our fleet is Hable to be expose to falr obloquy, er any oble- | qny at all, for I Velieve that it will turn out that since the notification to which allusion has bven made by m; neile friend, the Russian Meet has uot been in the Blacl $ea at all. (Cheers.) According to all the information which the governmont has received since that time, | nene of the Russian fleet has entered the Black Sea, end therefore I consider that the object the government had'in view when it gave directions that the Russian ficet should be confined within Sebastopol has been fully | obtained. (Cheers.) Your lordahips will be probably aware | of the situation and the condition of Sebastopol, and must |_be convinced of the very great advan derived by the *Russions from the possession ef that important ‘port. (Hear, hear.) ‘To a certain extent it may be said to command the Black Sea, affording extreme facilities to | the Russian yessels to pass out and return without being teen: and ves, therefore, we had actually occupied the Black Sea, or rather blockaded Sebastopol in full force during the whole of the winter months, it | would have been impessible to give a security thut no | Russian ship should come out of it. Your lordshipa must remember that the Russian fleet which occupies Sebastopol is a powerful and numerous one, and it could not be kept in that port except by the greater portion of the combined fleets. If, therefore, only a few vossels had been left there, the Russians might have come out im superior force and inflicted a loss upon the British and French admirals, while the effect of the whole fleet boing employed te blockade the mouth of Sebastopol during the bad westher of the winter months—and I can tell your lordships the weather in the Black Sea has been particu- larly bad this season—would have been to expose their | ships te imminent danger, and to the certain wearand tear | of the bad weather, while the Russians would have beem lying safe and snug within the harbor, and at the ap- | proach of tho time which bas now come upon us, when | War bas been declared, tii8tr wholo fleet would have bees | in the most eflective state, while the combined fleots, from the causes I have enumerated, would have been very ineffective. (Hear, hear.) 1% is for those reasons that the Black Sea has not been oceupied by the whole | of the fleets, as my noble friend has remarked; but they | avo been constantly cruising there. They had the whole | of the steam fleet ous there on the 18th of last month, | And our frigates have been constantly craising there, #6 | pre- interceptingythe supplies sent to our ene- as to give timely notice to the admirals of any {atention, fo far as such intention could be ascertained, by the | Russian floes to come out. Both the admirals consi | that Beicos Bay was the best place where the main body | of the fleet should lie to receive notice from the scouts, and be prepared to act aceordingly. With respect to the particular question which my noble friend has asked with regard to the ships, which, it is all have go out frem Sebastopel, and conveyed troops to Varna and to Circassia, I can only repeat to him what I said the other | night, namely, that we have no official knowlodge at all of tho fact, and such knowledge a we have induces us to | believe that no such circumstance has occurred. It has | been alleged that tho first information which was given | of these Russian ships having taken out troops was by an English ship—an English frigate, too—but what does the real fact turn out to be? Why, that the only news that has been received at Constantinople of the kind was brought by the master of « Bremen vessel, who stated | that several Russian ships bad gone out from Sebastopol and landed troops at the portion of the coast indicated On the receipt of this ipfofmation, Sir Edmund Lyons | went te Constantinople, esw the master of the Bremen versel, and instituted an inquiry, the result of which was, , that the report turned out to be untrae, it being proved | to the entire satisfaction of the oflicers who conducted the inquiry that he never couli have been near where he suid he was when the observation was said to have been made. (Cheers.) But, my lords, on the 22d ult., Sebas- | topol itself was reconnoitered by an English ship of war, when it was found that the whole of tis Russian fleet was there. Since thst time the whole of the united fieets have gone into the Diack Sea, and on the 24th they roceeded to Varna, and 1 have this very day received letters from Admiral Dundas and Sir Riraund Lyons, in which they both express the belief that no such cir- cumstances could have occurred as have been stated. | Cheers.) | CHRISTIANS IN TURKEY. | _ Onthe 6th inst. Mr. Fright wished to know what was doing at Constantinople touching the condition of the Christian population of Turkey? Lord Clarendon had in- timated else whore that a great deal was about to be done in the meatier, What was this? Was there, or was thore to be, any convention for the security aud improved posi- tion of the Christian subjects of the Sultan ? Lord J. Rvsser. said, there was no convention, either | signed or proposed. of any kind, between this country and Turkey with relation te the internal government of the Ottoman dominions. Whether or no there ought to be one was a question into which he should not now enter. Loré Stratford, however, pursuing the course | which he had followed on this subject for the last ten or | fifteen yeais, had urged on the Turkish Government the expediency of improving the condition of the Christian | subjects of the Porte, ant of altering those laws affecting { them which belonged to another period, and which were | incompatible with the fair and equal treatment of all the | subjects of the Sultan. The representations of Lord | Stratford had been from time to time adopted, with the | result of material imjrovements in the condition of the Christians in Turkey, and he was happy to add that Lord Straiford’s zeecnt endeavors to procure the admission of | Christian evidence in criminal matters, were, as he learnt | by # letter received that morning, likely to be successful. CONDITION OF THE PROTESTANTS IN TURKEY, On ibe same day, by order of the House of Commons, a parlamentery paper, presented by command, was | printed, containing the correspondence respectmg the | condition of Protestants in urkey. There are ten documents in the correspon: nell dated the April, stating ‘the first from Colo- fi ived on tho granted to the Chris- tinn communities a new and spacious burial ground. In February last the firman for establishing Christian evi-* dence of sp equality with Mussulman throughout the | Torhish empire was ce fel. Lord Stratford stated, “bs von to bore that this great act of long-with- held justice will be followed by other proofs of the Sul tan’s comprehensive beneficence and of the improved | epirit prevailing smong his Mahometam subjects.” On | the Tith ultimo Lord Clarendon, in his despatch to Lord | Stratford, expressed the satisfaction of her Majesty's | government that the long-deferred measure of justice as to the ceveptance of Christian evidence was about to he put into force, and they doubted not bat that it would | ve received by the Christian subjects of the Sultan asa | further proof to redress their just grievances, and to re. moye all future ground of complaint on their part, TURKEY AND GREECE. fr. Marxre acked Lord J, Russell whether the govern- ment were iaformed that diplomatic relations had ceased between the Ottoman Porte and the government of Greece, in eons quence of the refusal of the government of Greece to accede to demands which they considered derogatory to an independent State ? Lord J. Ruserit had stoted on a former occasion that there was no procf that the government of Greece was cadeavoring to excite insurrection among the Christian | eubjects of th an, and such was his opinion at the time. then the Turkish governmes@ iad made cer- {ain demands on the government of @reece, and no satifectory answer having been given to those demands, the Minister of Turkey at Athens had applied for his passport, ant broken off diplomatic relations with Grecce. ‘Without tovebing on the particular demanda so mice ly the Turkish government, and which, he be- were made without the sanction of the’ amb Hered , France and Ragland, he must express the that Durikey had good reacon to complain of the Grecee.” (Hear, hent:) He coneeived that the papers which the House had seen, eleatly , on @& the Christian popula Turkish mn Greece, and | the part iaken in th Ka, . he king of Gree s€ spontancously taken by-thoro p t there was no | minut ey Mapteby dak lee Anwined Lu wireee, oad that, ia | , | concent | Germany I look forward to a moti | their cause nd | almost in presence. point of fact, the whole Insurrection had boan a contriv- ance of the court of Greece (hear, hear,) for the parpose of werkenizg the anthority of the Sultan, thea anee with Greece. (Hear, heer.) There were nu s that the King and Queen of Greece bad un: ly given repeate3 and marked ionsry movement hing, for the p by 7 ais vegement to the being the case— the character of f lon that y's wovert xd Austria. and | hit expediont to 0 PRONTIFR. on the 7th inat., n goveraui £ ronti R whether any explan hove beea obt ; government as to the object of such proceeding, or erally as to the intentions of Austria in regard to Tur- THE avsTn In the House c Srvawe arked “w Tord D. | key??? Lord J. Russern said it was troe that the Austrian government Was concentrating large armios on the fron- tiers of Turkey. ertain explanations bad been given to the object of enerally speaking, Austria had with regard to Turkey. However, further ex- planations had been asked, and the correspondence on that subject was still proceeding, THE WAR QUESTION IN AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA. rlin Correspondence (April 3) of London Times.) in my letter of the 3lst ult. I-wrote you that the nego- tiators in the cenferences now being carried om hero be- tween Baron von Hess and Baron yon Manteuffel had re- ccived an increase of number, if not of force, by the ac- cession of Gen. von Groeben; ‘this I coniirmed to you by implication on the Ist inst., but I find that such great were taken, and with such great success, om Satur- lay and Sunday to disseminate a that such wasaot the case, that many members of the initiated citcle even went so far as to report home that the first statement ‘was not correct. It is so, however, and what I havenow te add is that General von Gerlach has further been added to the party. On Saturday evening Baron von Manteuffel, together with the two Prussian generals above mentioned, had # conference with Baron vom Hess. the Austrian Master of the Ordnance, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The presence of two Prussian generals at a cenference with a high Austrian military authority may in some degree be justified by the statement that the treaty to be negotiated turns for the most part military matters. On the other hand, men who gom rally know what is going on maintain that Baron von Mantevffel resisted to the utmost this infusion of the es- sence ef the Kreus Zeitung into the conference, and te the Austrian shilifaire is imputed the not very diplomatic exclamation that ‘‘he would as lief have to negotiate with Paskiewitsch and Menschikoff.’? The conference: may be expected to be brought to a close this week; the reaty, When concluded, will be laid before the Bua without any delay; and immediately consequent on this declaration and explanation of the two chief Powers of ion being proposed by the miner States for a common declaration of neutrality. It will contribute to a clearer apprehension of the pro- ability of Austria’s taking an energetic active part just | now, if I draw yourattention to a communication have just’received from a source I can depend on, viz., that in the assurances that have been given of late by Russia to the Austrian Cabinet, there was noue that Russia weuld not pass the Danube; but, om the contrary, Russia would doubtless find it necessary to cross that fro tier river, but that, in order not to distyuict Austria, she would cross tue Lower, and not the Upper Danube. It will immediately occur to many @ reader that if the Rus- sians chose to cross at a variety of points on the Lower Danube and occupy the Dobrudicha, en the right wing of the Turks, it was because they di nil themselves strong enough to storm Kalefat, cross to Widdin, and so | torn the left flank of the Turks; on the other hand, it must be Lorne in mind that, in giving up this latter plan, the Russiaus sacrifice all the benelit likely to accrue to a rise ef the disatfected Servian popula- tion, which they have been so carefully worbiag up fer @ long time past, snd also all the efficiency (amartance) of the Stavrofori, that have been organizod with wach great care for the disorganization of Bulgaria, and, incideat- ally, ef the-Sclavonian provinces of Austria. Further, the ition of the Russians on tho west coast of the Black will hardly be tenable, as seon as the combined fleets have any amount of land’ troops on board ready to im. pinge on their flank or take them in their rear. From | what can pick up here, the Itussians are well aware of this, and of the consequent necessity of finishing their work before the arrival of the combined military forces of the allies. The liberal regulations of England and France with re- rd to neutrals have given the greatest satisfaction ore, and have gained us an addition of as many friends throughout the country as the publication of the secret correspondence bas done. Tho Ministry of Commerce will in all probability very shertly make @ official com- munication on the subject to the different Chambers of Commesop threughout the kingdom, ATTITUDE OF AUSTRIA, [From the London Globe, April 7.} The New Prussian Gazette bas anno’ the sal stance of the answer brought by Duke George of Meck- lenburg-Strelitz from the peror Nicholas to the auté- graph letter of the King of Prussia—that tho Czar offers te conclude peace, and to evacuate the Danubian princi- palities if the rights which the Christian subjects of the Porte have recently obtained through the intervention of France and England are guaranteed by treaties; and if, the fleets of the Western Powers abandon the Black Sea and the Bosphorus. These are the conditions of which it is stated that is “perfectly approves,” and that Austria ‘“m: possibly support them.”’ As to the perfect approbatic of Prussia, or rather of his semewhat Auctua' Prus- sian Majesty and his Prussian Majesty’s very versatile minister, Baron Manteuffel—we exproas no opinion. Bat with to the {possible support” of Austria, we must withhold our credence from any suck conjecture. If the Russian Autocrat were in reality prepared to abandon his whole course of policy towards the Porte, and give sufficient guarantees of that eutire retreat from his hitherto obstinately maintained ‘ition—not only Prussia and Austria, but France aad England, could de- sire nothing more. But the intentions of raments must be judged by their antecedents. It is known to no one betier than to the Emperor of Austria, with what im- vincible obstinacy his Russian Imperial Majesty refused every concession, while concosion might have availed to | sorrel the peace of Europe unbroken. At every stage the Russian inroad, the Emperor Francis Joseph em- Plored the most urgent instances with his imperial other, and at every stage equally in vain. The maission of General Giulay to St. Petersburg at the outset to dissuade the of the Prath—the Emperer of Austria’s pressing represeutations in favor of the acceptation of the Turkish modifica- tions of the Vienna note—again in favor of the arrange- ments d to by the Porte in pursuance of the proto- col of the Sth of December last—the representations | still mere urgent against passing the Danube, and the last forlorn effort to extract from Franeis Joseph's ‘good brother” anything like a pledge of aay kind, vi the evacuation of the Danubian provinces at the clos the war, all equally and utterly disdained and disro- garded, have aflorded the Austrian government ample Gaia as to Russian intentions, To suppose those intea- tions altogether desisted from, on the mere declaration of war by the Western Pawers, is to suppose Russia more pusillanimously and conspicuously fecble than she oan yet be supposed safely. |The alternative is more con- grudus with her character that she is once more seeking to throw dust in German eyes and divide European councils. ‘the protracted apparent hositations of Austria we find fairly enough accounted for as follows, in the Paris cor- Tespondence of the Indépendance Beiye:—Axstria is in contact with Russia on her own frontiers; while sae finis herrelf besides in contact with her on another point—by | the position which the Russians have taken in the Danu- Dian provinces. The armies of these two countries are nnon shots must very :specdil follow a declaration of war. In such a situation, could it be asked, could it be desired, that Ausiria should declare war at the same time with France and England, and #0 find herself inevitably engaged jn action before’ them? ‘Was it not mere natural, more reasonable, and infinitely preferable, with a view to the results aimed at, that Austria should await the arrival ef the allied forces, in order to give them effectual assistance, and combine her operations with theirs—in a word, in order to secure simultaneous action in war, and net merely simultaneous declaration of it. WAR PREPARATIONS IN RUSSTA. The London Glove of the 7th inst. sa: ‘Information on which we can rely has reached us this afternoon from nt. Petersburg. So far from the Czar showing signs of Cesire to treat, there is every indication of the most active prosecution of war, and our informant states that the determination of both Emperor and peopie to resist is beyond question or doubt. It is computed that the Rugsian army wow exceeds one million of tighting men in pumbe The export of gold having been stopped, £00,004 perviala, Which had reached the frontier, were ordered back to the capital by telegraph. Reports were current that silver, to the amount of one million sterling, had been taken from the fortress of St. Petersburg; ant some went even to the length of doubting whether much bullion bad been suffered to remain there. ‘The Vienna Presse learns from Sebastopol, (March 20) that the fortress is now being fortified on the land ‘Tbe place is considered perfectly impregnable if only at- te by rea, as hostile ships would be exposed to a raking crora-fiie long before they could get near the inner fortifications of the port. About 30,000 men are now as- semiled in an intrenched camp bebiad ‘Sebastopol. On the I8th, twe frigates and four corvettes were sent to Anapa, with a heavy lading of artillery and flour. On the fgllowing day, a great number of transport ships wore rent under convey to Kedout-Kaleh, with troops and am. munition, At present only two liners—the Grand Duch- ‘ess Helen, of 120, and Viadimir, of 120 guns; four 60 gan frigates, six steamers of § and 10 guns; 20 gunboats, and some transport ships are in port. The Cologne Gazette, under date of St. Peteraburg, 20th | ult., says:—An imperial rescript addressed to the Gover- | nor General of Finiand, is thus conceive: When I yiited Finland at the beginning of the month, T felt myself deeply affected at the Joyfa) weloome given te me by all classes in my Grand Duchy, which is very dear to din the general devotednoss which wae mani- of ny oordial symp. to se that wll the 4 ‘i penetrated with a hi f thefulflwmens of them. I have never doubtod ths sentinonte of feyulty of my faithful Finianders, and I sharze you to express to them the sentiments of my sinoore gratitude and of my unchancenble kindness towards them, NICHOLAS. Sr, Perensnune, March. THE ee BATTERIES IN RUSSIAN VATERS, ‘The Paris means of the London News, writing on the Sth of April, says :—It is said that the inventor of the infernal submarine mac lated to bo in the possession of the I mperor of tor blowing ships out ef the water by the agency of an electric wire, is @ Frenchmen; and that when he communicated ists ia- vention to the Rusgian government for a consideration, he expremly stated that in and Russia, be should be at liberty to give his own coan- tiy the benefit of his djscovery, It is further reported ‘Lat ou La.ay Ingt sais gentleman yas regeived at the ; cot war between France P' ey towards | | ministry of marine, and, in the presence of M. Ducos and a board of naval officers, explained the fearful means of ‘estruction which he claims to have originated. The rd, incredulous at first, closely examined the matter, end ip theend were very much struck by the demon- siration, and nota little alarmed. fir Charlee Napier, en the emission of the inventor, was already prepare for what he mi ht have to encounter. A telegraphic Gcepatch was immediately sent off to warn Admiral Par- seval Deschenes. I give this story as I lave heard it, Sa veay Seapeetey le authori! but of coursegpll ac- cunts of mysierious “long range’ destructive invem- tions must be received with due caution. BS THE FRENCH ARMY OF THD EAST. he Faris correspondent of the London Timer writing on the 4th insta the departure of Prince Ne eleon for Turkey is ¢ itely Axed for Sum. cay. General Prim loaver tie same day, as also one of the e@tlachés of the Otteman Embassy in Paris, Bt dopanl expests to leave on Monday. ie following “‘erder of thi a4 been addressed by the Marshal to the soldiers of Rtrinns_ Poe 8 Soxpiens—In a few days to love for the Baste attacks a in course of the camp. devotedness to the common canse on ti field of batth France and England, rivals in other are now friends and allies. ‘countries have oh other, while ing. United, thoy oom- will feed the army while Tho Turks and Exyp- ttalions? ers! The engles of the bt resume their 8 it. Bear t! rope, bus to atbere bore the flight— on onoe a 4 Marshal of France, Com- mander-in-Chief of the Army of the East, THE FRENCH NAVAL PREPARATIONS, Vice Admiral Pai Desehenes, on taking the com- mand of the Baltic squadron, addressed the roloving scien of ‘the Gay to ake commanders, officers, jors:— p at and let us know, in t! to inspire ourselves with must be caused by tho TRADE OF ODESSA. ‘The merchants ef Odessa are beginning te suffer from Ene Cemreg ences ot living under am irresponsible des- potiem. To tax Eprror or Ti Loxpon News. Sim—We this morning received by letter, dated Odessa, the Ist instant, the following communication from our Mohilef & Co. :— vis al: PI pled trade, Te'to your discretion to publish the contents We leave of the-present under our name, and romain, «Ir, yours, respectfully, J. FRANKAU &'CO. 6, Great St. Helens, April 7, 1854, INTERESTING FROM SPAIN. NEUTRALITY IN THE WAR—ANXIETY AT MADRID ON THE CUBAN QUESTION. [Peris Correspondence (April 4), of the London Times. Talluded some days since to Spain as coanectod wit the great question which for the last twelve months hag occupied the attention of Furepe, and which promises to agitste it for a long time to come. Zhe condition on which, according to the opinion ef some persons of authority im that country, the Spanish government might dedare i's sym= pathy, and Berhape give its co-opwaiion to the Wesiern Powers, was one which would net fail lo add other and se- rious cemplications to those which abeady exit—namedly, that France and Bngland should graranice the sesurtly Cuba against the attacks of American adventures. Wheth- er any formal propositions have been made to that éf- fect, or whether the English or French government has been “sounded? om the question, I am not aware. At all ovents, private letters of the 30th, from Madrid, as- sure me that the Spanish \ Fovernisent have declared that they will maintain the strictest neutrality. This declar- ation comes with rather bad grace from that country, seeing that England was not only the first Power to re- eognise tho sovereignty of the yeung Queen when her throne was very tottering indeed, and that she not only did so, but spent her blood and ker treasure in main- taining her Catholic Majesty on that throne which the world knows whether she has honored, and that Russia, refused to recognise her, one might expect a declaration somewhat more im accordance with feelings of gratitude, ‘There are few who have not met with ingratitude intheir intercourse with mankind, and those who particul distinguish themselves for that vice, which noone admit himeelf to be guity of, are not rarely those to whom the greatest pat de have beem rendered. The habit of making such a requital for benefits has become tere: But Spain has sometimes improved upom he proverb—while she kas too often forgotten the Sac- rifices made by others for her, she has occasionally be~ ved best to those who have treated her ill; and it would be only according te the logic of Spanish’ staies- men to show tho greatest deference to the views of the Lmperer Nicholas, for no other reason than because the Emperor Nicholas so long disdained to send a representa- tive to Madrid. Russia, being, as I have observed, in the category of the nations which have treated Spain il, there is ground for surmising that the Russian which, it appears, makes Manila its head-quai Rs facilities is may require in that quarter of the globe. To give you an idea, says a private letter now before me — face jaeen= ig before the house of that o! neen, was goin: 3 ola Dabinds when he wan mtonpedb od ayonet inte tho animal's m Vey topped by s person speaking to him, ran thous making the slightest, resi sof turaing th h art inte ward, & young officer—eme of that unfledged el wn in Spain an eftciclitor hap: eonie of the kr ha) as most people oft! their swords with the blood. of their, poh up te the driver the it hina ead, wounding hii a aii humanely was, I Captain-@ al, stati that he was aay t) pe fig vie aptain: stating that he was ready te kiva his © denen ifeolled tpen, asthie lordship witnessed. fherehals af U Duproveked outrage, and that ifthe driver was n eure of by the Spaniel: he, Li Howden, wuld himoell take caret hiss, = may OS bad The Black Warttor Affatr in England=An= nexation of Cuba, ‘rom the London Gazette, April 7.] It is well known that the possession an! annoxation of the island of Cuba have long been coveted by the United States; and, although the piratical attempt of Lopez to ize the island was officially disowned and condemned py the government at Washington, it was, at the same time, well understood that, liad his undertaking proved successful, it would not have been considered a very seri- 8 pelitical offence or moral crime by any party in the ted States, from the President down to the humblesé citizen. Indeed, neither the late nor the procent Presi- dent has disavowed his intention of acquiring Cuba for the Union so soon as it can be consistently done—that is, when it can be done without offering too great violence to the principles of international law, and stamping the American Executive witha character which would be disreputable to it as the temporary head of a great na- tion. For this reason it honorably refused to bind the Union in the triple alliance proposed to it by England and France, and which would have interposed an ins. barrier to an acquisition which it was resolved om Moral feeling, however, is not very fastidious in these matters in the United states, when thore is an object to be gained—of which the acquisition of Texas is an in- stance; and, if we are not much mistaken, an opportu- nity now offers which thay enable the Americans ¢o care Fy out the views which have so long cugare’ their atten- tion, and from which they have never departe 1. Fome very unjustifiable praceecings towards on Amort- can ship—the Black Warrior—by ihe Spanisis authorities at Havana, have led to a demand for reparation from the American government, couched, as We may suppose, in ne very conciliatory language; and, unless the reparation be as amply made as it is imperatively demanied, there is a prospect of a declaration of War on the part of the Union against Spain; indeed, it has been hinted in the American papers that sucha result is likely to follow, Hence, Cuba would be invaded; and, one it be acquired by legitimate conquest, according to the law of nations and the ryles of war, it is very certain that it woul? never again be eurrendercd to thé Spaniards. Shovld the go- vernment of the United Siates entertain this intention, the time is very favorable for the desion; at, in all provabitity Bingiand anid France ivill te too mich enorgel in (ie pre en! war to pay ony atiention ta s0 dish moved @ country as Spain, and its slave-importing colony f Coba Politically it would be wrong to allow the United States to possess this island ; but morally and commercially it cane not too seom change masters. At the same tive we would rather sce it in the hands of # country that er devlt in slaves ner tolerated slavery. ©o long wba remains under the government of Spain, we never expect bo 409 it other than it is—the great sleve focus of the world. The reason is obvious; all the great men of Spaia—and, if report may be credited, the great womea, (oo—are engaged im thin trade. They nre accessories to the erime, both before and after the fact; it is in thix nefarious trafic they embark what capital they have: they luxu- riste in the blood and torture of their fellow creatures. It is in vain that the Governors of Cuba aro frequently changed; each successive Governor accepts, perbaps s0- licits the office, for the express purpose of making his fortune by Cbuntenancing the slave trade. The subject was brought before the House ot Commons, a few eve- Dings since, by Sir G. R. Pechell, the member for Bi ton, when he took Ce cypeneny, of exposing the scan- dalous and open manner in which the slave trade is car- ried on in the island, With the connivance, if not under the patronage, of the lecal authorities. in contirmation of what Sir G. R. Feevell said, Sir Jamoy Graham ine formed the House, that even the Spanish mall packets were in the Labit of bringing cargoes of slaves to the island, which, from the convenient ports it aiforded for this traffie, escaped the vigilance of the British craisers, ‘That Cuba will be added to the dominion of the United States we consider a matier of certainty, and, vetting aside the policy of the guostion, it will be a fortunate srent for civilization anf humanly. Spain is now the only country which still clings to the slave traie. [tno longer exists in tho Brazilian domuions, and there fa every reason to suppose that, were it not for tho Laland of Ciba, the horrid traffic world soom be extinet through- out the world. Spain has beon largely pait by this coun- try, with the hope that it woald, in aeoorianes with the . tucaties it had mace with ux, abanden the trade. It has never shown the lewst position fo Go so; om the eon trary, We believe that h money bas often proveda stimulant to the traffic, by furnishing the means for carrying ivon. When we tind an object on which Great Britain bas expended so much mor don the ae complishment of which the natioual feclngs are 69 mela t ' ' ' } | '