The New York Herald Newspaper, April 16, 1854, Page 3

Affairs in Venezuela. = News from the West Indies. Railroad Accidents. Anthony Thateher, Captain of the Schooncr oe Voyage of the United States Steamship Portsmouth from San Francisco to Ensenada—Her Anchorage opposite Walker's Camp—Confusion of the Filibusters—Flight of Col. Walker to San Vicente—Miserable Condition of His Men—Hauling Down of His Flag—Disposal of te Prisoners—Presidential Spoils, dc. Feeling rather inclined to write a little this evening, I shall do so; and I know of no better subject to write upon than the filibustering movements in this part of the ghote. We arrived in this port this morning, five days from ‘the bay of San Quinton, and seven days from Ensenada,or Fort McKibben, as it was called by Col. Walker. On the third of February we left San Francisco, in com- | pany with the steamer Columbus, she having been char- tered by Capt. Dorwin, by order of our government. We arrived in the bay of Todes Santos, and anchored off En- senada, on the afternoon of the Sth, opposite Walker’s headquarters, where his flag of the New Republic, (as he called it,) was floating to the breeze. The fing is red, white, red, and two stars. Soon after our arrival, it was clearly to be seen that our sudden appearance opposite to his encampment had ereated great confusion among the filibusters; they were evidently much alarmed, and Col. Walker, having learnt that we had been sent there to disperse him and his y, he took the hint, and on the night of the 11th Beregieh all his party, excepting five wounded and ten well men, deserted Fort McKibben, and took up their fers on a rancho at San Vicente. On the morning of the 12th Capt. Dorwin despatched some of our officers and men on shore, to see what was on. Arriving on shore here, they found the remain- | party in a sad condition—nothing but beef to eat. ‘The wounded in particular were in a suffering condition, laying on some blankets spread on hides, laid on the cold damp ground. ig ‘The poor wounded ones were not so badly injured as Gillman was, but they were found in a shocking condition. They having been informed that if they would give up allconnection with the expedition they should receive every aid from us, and, as American vitizens, they should be properly, takea are of and sent back to San Francisco, they took unt'l the next morning to decide. In the meantime, five of the healthy men spiked the two field 4, and then left for San Diego by land. Had the Mexicans known that so small a party was left alone in the encampment there cannot be the least doubt but ‘they would all have been massacred. On the morning of the 12th the obpoxious flag was hauled down, which was a signal that Capt. D.’s pro- ition would be accepted. Lt. W. A. Parker, Purser vi D. Slamm, Acting Master Wm. H. Gamble, and men — cots from the ship, were sent on shore with all pos- sible 5; with the five well men were conveyed on board of the Columbus, where all of their wounds were properly at- tended to. Chicken soup, wines, &c., &c., were admin- istered to them freely, and they were full of thanks for being thus once more made comfortable. On the morning of the 16th the Columbus steamed up, and made the best of her way up to San Diego, where she arrived the same afternoon. On the next day these men were all transferred to the steamer Southerner, and forthwith started for San Francisco. On her arrival there,’ by order of Capt. Dornin, the wounded men were to be seat to the United States Hospital, the healthy men to be zet free. Poor Gilman complained bitterly of the hai fare he had received. He stated that Col. Walker’s quar- ters were only ten steps from him, yet he only called in to set him but thifee times during all the long time he lay in this sad condition. ‘Having learnt from some Mexicans that there were two suspicious vessels laying off andon off the Bay of San Quinton, we left Ensenada on the morning of the 25th, in tow of the Célumbus, and arrived in the bay the next day. Finding all things quiet, and no vessels in sight. we left and proceeded to this piace. We shall wo and water ship here, a few days, and in company with the Columbus, proeced back to Ensena/ » and on our arrival there, if we find it necessary from the | movements of Walker, we shall proceed together to La Guaymas, in’ the Gulf of Lower California; if otherwise we find the expedition about breaking up, they will all be offered a froo jatsage in the Columbus back to San Francisco, and we will proceed on our way to Valparaiso, touching at Mazatlan and Acapulco. Officers and men are all in good health. Since this was written we have just received the news that Walker and his party had made an attack upon the rancho of Mr. J. Vandieman, an American gentleman, and robbed him of all his horses, cattle, sheep, and every eatable article on his rancho. His son is now in this Place, and says that his father's loss is very heavy; in. | he states that the filibusters threatened to shoot him and his father down if they made ai y resistance. After taking everything they wanted they left, and re- turned to San Visente like 40 many thieves to thelr hiding hole. They are a complete gang of land pirates. Unrrep States Sup Portsmours, } Saw Dimao, March 8, 1854. Detail of the Arrest of Major Emory and Manuel de Cor- dova—Finale of the Expedition. Thasten to inform you that last night Captain Dornin reeeived information that some of Walker’s party hal arrived into old San Diego early this morning. Lt. Wm. A. Parker and Purser Levi D. Slamm, with proper assist- ance, were sent up to Old Town to arrest any of these per. sons, and they had the good fortune to arrest Major — Frederic Emory, Walker’s Secretary of State and Civil Justice, also Manuel de Cordova (by birth a Mexican.) ‘Walker's private agent, spy and interpreter, with their servant. At the time of their arrest they were endeavor- ing to make a purchase of some provisions for the exp: di- tion. They made no resistance, and were forthwith brought on board this ship as prisoners. They will be sent on board the U. 8. steamer Columbus, Lieut. Wm. H. Ball, commanding, and leave here to. morrow morning for San Francisco. On her arrival there they will be handed over to the United States. Our Sicilian Correspondence. Messina, March 11, 1854. Commercial Ship News—Movements of the St. Louis—Ar- rival of a French War Ship at Messina—Forcible Arrest and Imprisonment of an American Seaman—His Treat- ment by the Government Agents—His Reléase and Expul- sion from Sicily. Ihave the pleasure once more to drop you a line, al- though I have but little news to communicate. ‘The bark Zelpah P. Brown, Gilbert T. Crocker, left this port on the 6th of this month for New York. The bark Elizabeth Means, Capt. Tinney, leaves to-morrow for Phi- ladelphia. The bark Young Turk, of Boston, loading for Boston, will leave in eight or ten days, (my vessel.) Bark Gallego, Ellery, loading for New York, and will probably leave on the 25th of this month, which are the only Amerivan vessels in port. An American sloop-of-war, (the St. Louis, Capt. In- graham,) passed through the Straits yesterday, bound east. A French screw steamer of 120 guns touched here yes- terday to coal, and left same day for Corfu, to watch the revolution in Greece. Ihave understood from good au- thority she is bound to Corfu to join two English steam- ers to cut out a Russian man of war at Trieste. Thave also to state to you that an American James Carbona—has been taken from his shtp goned here; but through the immediate exertions of our Charge d’Affaires at Naples and the Consul at Messina, he has been released, and redress demanded for the gross insult offered to an American citizen. Too much praise cannot be bestowed on Mr. F. W. Behn, our Consul, and on Mr. Mann, our Charge d’Af- faires at this court, for their formal and energetic exer- tions in this case. Tan also inform you that the fleet left Toulon yester- day for Constantinople, and will pasa thro: Straits. If do come before I leave, I will advise you of it, \ James Carbona sails to-day for Philadelphia, in the \park Elizabeth Means. He came to Messina in November Yast, ns a passenger in the brig Chatham, Capt. Hardy, from'Boston. Being a Sicilian by birth, he was not allow- pdtoland. He called on the U.S. Consul, produced his sertificate of citizenship and his national passport. All the Consul could obtain was his immediate release from wustody, on condition that he would return on board the | irig. When the brig left Carbona he took refuge on the bark [ary B. Barney, Capt. Luther; but when this ship left, and o other American vessel in port at the moment, he was rested, on the 4th day of December, and kept in the po- ‘ce prison until the 22d of the same month, and was aly released after he had, by force and menaces of being rowned, been so much frightened that he signed a de- aration which was presented to him by the Commissary ‘the Maritime Police, a man named Malaho. He was not allowed to read the document; some para- ‘aphs only were read to him. He therein declared, Whout knowing it, that he was not a citizen of the sited Stater, but one of the subjects of his Sicilian Ma- ty, at Bomba,) and that he had never called on 2 United States Consul for assistance. Dn the 26th of December he signed in tho United \tes Consulate a declaration, stating that he was forced something without being made acquainted with eontents, and declared, after being sworn, that he fan American etizen, who would, under no consition, tnge his present nationality for that of a subject ‘inand ‘the Second. M E. Obituary. Epwis Poux died in Tennessee on the 4th inst. about 36 an of age, and was the son of Col. el Polk, and the unclo of the late President Polk. elected to the Legislature in 1847, as representa. Hardeman county, and was twice re-elected, in 1849ind in 1861. 1n 1853 he was elected Senator from the counties of Hardeman, McNairy, and Hardin; and ras choren Speaker of the Senate. Died, in Taunton, Mass., April 2, Mr. PRreservep Has- ina a’ revolutionary pensior Onvee Smimm died at Bethlehom, Albany county, Mard 23, after a short illness, in thé eightioth year of ee The deceased enlisted in the army at Philadel- fan 1 rayte. ‘794, and fought under the banner of General He was present at the engagement on that memprable event when Gen. Van nsselaer wan wounded, and remained under their gallant leader until ‘# fiaal victory formed the closing feature of the war. Mr. Aur C1ARKE, who was for m: ears a prominent wholeale merehant in this city, ‘ied fh Detrait, Michi- #0, 02 the 11th inst., aged 75 years. watt Ratmanim, R. Konmasp, ag A of mpg a 4 I t tl geod eee at New Bedford on the 9! Dr. WH. A. died at Fall Bivona Phy oy the steamer Baltic, nei x. Dormy, of New Orleans, a ed: and Col. Gilman and the other four wounded | ugh these | mer, aged 93 years 11 months. — lant officer War, Ged at Washington City on the 19th OUR LAGUAYRA CORRESPONDENCE. Lacvarara, March a, Government not Responsible for Acts Committed on Foreigners—: of the Slaves—Report of the Commissioners on this Subject—Indemnity to Slave- and Ambition—The President and General Paes—Po" litical and Moral Uondition of the Country—Gam- Times SeSve 40 communicate a few of the passing events of this country, which may not prove uninteresting to the readers of the Hegatp. The first act of the Congress now in session was to pass a resolution that the government shall not be held accountable for loss or damage sustained by foreigners in consequence of the acts of any faction or mob of a political nature unauthorized by the legitimate government, This resolution is intended to prevent any international claims consequent upon a revolution; and a revolutionary party may enter into the house or store of ‘a foreigner and rob it with impunity, with force of arms, and the government will not admit any claims to indem- nity. This is in violation of solemn treaty stipulations, guarantying security and protection to the persens and property of foreigners. What will Great Britain say to such an attempt to creep out of responsibility when her subjects are robbed of their property by disaffected citizens of Venezucla? What will President Pierce say to this edict of despot- ism, in the face of his declaration to the sovereign people | of the United States on the 4th of March, 1853, which, according to the HERALD report, was in these word “The rights which belong to us as # nation are not alone to be regarded, but those which pertain to every citizen | in his individual enpacity, at home and abroad, must be | sacredly maintained??? United States have no repre- sentative, in form ofa diplomatic agent, to enter his pro- test. The question of the emancipation of the slaves in Ve- nezuela has assumed a high tone. On the 4th of March ig | instant the Commission appointed to report a project for | the final extinction of slavery in the republic made its report that slavery should immediately and forever cease to exist in Venezuela; that the children of slave mothers born free since the’ 2lst July, 1821, but held to labor until they arrive at ¢wenty-one years, be also liberated; that no stain of slavery remain in Venezuela; and that | the owners of the slaves be indemnified to their value from certain means designated for the purpose by tho Commission, &e. Now, every man, woman, and child in Venezuela are slaves of the most degraded kind to despotic masters. Even the representatives in Congress were fired upon by order of Jose Tadeo Monagas, while in s0- lemn deliberation in the halls of Congress, on the 24th January, 1848, and seven members shot dead. ‘The President of the Commission, the Hon. Senor Tro- conis, bas made an able speech on the subject. He is in favor of emancipation, but justly observes: ‘<The right of property is as sacred as liberty.’” I will not copy from it, as you will, no doubt, insert it entire. The Hon. | Senor Fedevico G. Silva answers him, but not with the same force, and with less justice, in my opinion. ‘The government is head over ears in debt, and the as- sets stipulated to indemnify the master for his slaves are | not convertible into cash. © The notes of the goverument, based on the revenue of the Salinas, or public lands, could not be sold for ten cents on the dollar. are twenty-five thousand slaves, which, valued at three | hundred dollars each, would make an item of seven anda. half millions of dollars. The knowing ones say thero w: | a deficit the last fiscal year of three millions, which buttered over by the report of the Secretary of the Trea: , OF mystified, to blind the eyes of the nation. Since the Monagas dynasty acquired power, the country has been sinking deeper and deeper in debt and disro- pute. The ministers of government become independ- ently rich—on fixed salaries of $3,000 a year. Gén. Jose Tadeo Monagas is a caudidate to succeed his brother for the Presidency in January next. Two other , brothers—Francisco J. Monagas and Geraldo Monagas— have been promoted to the rank of generals, although out | of service. Thus four brothers hold the rank of generals, and are receiving pay, and ready to succeed to the Presi: dency one after the other. The President is much afraid of Gen. Paez. He stated in his Message that if José An- tonio Paez puts his feet on these shores he will meet | with an ignominious death. He has applied to Congress for leave to call into service ten thousand men in case of | necessity, and liberty to borrow two millions of dollara, | and has appointed his brother, ex-President José Tadeo, | as commander in-chief of the army. The country is ina state of great disorder, and there is every symptom of another revolution. Assassinations | have become frequent, and robberies are of daily occur- | rence; but all the delinquents get clear, Justice is dis- pensed as merehandise to the best customer, the laws fre trampled under foot with impunity, and gambling is the principal employment of nine-tenths of the inbabit- | ants. It is, however, prohibited by law, except om Sun- | days and other religious feast days, and on working days from five in the afternoon until ten at night, it not being | allowed in working hours. But no respect is paid t0 BERMUDAS. ; these laws. interesting from the Chincha Islands, {From the Boston Traveller, April 11.] We have been favored with the perusal of a private letter from the Chincha Islands, dated the 19th February, | which contains some items of public interest, which we | are permitted to copy. | There were at the Islands, at the date of the letter, one hundred and sixty vessels of various sizes, from 300 | to 2,200 tons burthen—averaging probably 800 tons. ‘The . timated average time for loading with guano was forty e rate of exportation of guano from the islands is said to be 1,000 tons a day, which it was thought would not exhaust the heap in ten years. A geological survey, | made by order of the United States government, had ex. timated that eight years would exhaust the supply. We | extract from the letter as follows:— | _ There are three of the Chincha Islands, lying in line, | Nand §., the passages between them being less than half a mile. The wind is always S. and E. and it is never known to rain. The north isiand is the largest. It is | nearly circular, and about one third of a mile in diame- | ter, and about one hundred feet high. Some parts of the coast are steep high cliffs, and others sandy and rocky | coves of gradual ascent from the shore. |The heap of | guano continues to deepen to the highest point of the island, where it is one hundred fect in depth. ° Fancy s | a large old fashioned loaf of brown bread, laid on a table but little larger than the base of the loaf, and you cam pretty nearly see the pile of guano on either island. |The laborers commence digging and proceed along the top of the rock in the direction of the centre, from all parts of the island; and therefore, in their progress, have shown the guano in a very steep side from the base rock, eighty feet high; and from every part it appears to be the same substance—hard and close. Every spoonful is dug with a pick, and when loosened is as dry as powder, and of course dusty. if left in a pile but a brief period, it again becomes hard, and must again be loosened with a pick. From the base to the top are found feathers, eggs, and stones of all sizes, some weighing even two or three tons. Ihave taken out many perfect feathers, far from the top; and near and upon the surface have seen what appeared to be bone and flesh decomposed. It is thought the pile now called guano, is the decom- position of soa animals, of which there are multitudes now, and they are presumed to have been far more nu- merous in ancient days, before the white man came to destroy. Sea lions of a large size—a ton weight—seals, and endless quantities of sea fowls have been the inhabi- tants of these islands for myriads of years, and the islands bave been the burial places of these animals; for if wounded they crawl up to the top—so say the know- ing ones. Birds and bird lime go to increase the pile. Guano is really decomposed animal matter, but whether this was the way so vast a pile accumulated, or whether the islands were thrown up from the bottom of the sea with the deposit upon them, you must judge for yourself. ‘The second island is similar in size and pile to the one described. The third one has not been touched yet. It , is much smaller, but well loaded. Guano secretes large quantities of ammonia, and confined as it is in a ship's hold a man cannot stay more than five or ten minutes at a time among it. Besides large lumps of pure ammonia, sre daily found apparently decomposed bones, eggs, ke., | and among other items a man ina perfect state of pre- servation—the real ammonia, strong as volatile salts. Now do you wish to know how all those ships are load. ed, and a thousand tons per day dug and sent from the islands? Well, there are about 100 convicts from Peru, and about 800 Chinamen from the Celestial Empire, The | former are in the right place; the latter were passengers | that engaged passage in an’ English ship for California, and engaged before they left their own country to abot | after their arrival for a limited time to pay their pasaage | ($80.) Instead of being landed at California, the skip rought them direct to this place, and the captain sold | them for three and six years, according to the men, to work out their passage; and here they are slaves for life. | _ They are allowed four dollars per month for their food, | and one-eighth of a dollar per day for their labor, with « | pile of guano before them which will last the next ten years; and long before it is exhausted the majority of them Will be dead. Each man is compelled to bring to the shoot five tons of guano per day. A failure thereof is rewarded with the lash from a strong negro; and such | is their horror of the lash, and the hopelessness of their | condition, that every week there are more or less sii cides. In the month of November, I have heard, fifty of | the boldest of them joined hands and jumped from the precipice into the sea. in December there were twenty- three suicides. This is from one in authority. In Janu- | ary quite a number; but I have not learned how many. | Iwas a few days since on the South island, and there saw | two of the most miserable, starved creatures, They had swam across on their wheelbarrows, and fully determined | todie. Tcould not feed them, and’ my heart ached for | them; so after we reached the ship a boat was despatched with ‘bread arid water for their relief. Perhaps this availed nothing; for they must either retura to their task, feed them daily. is said, are educated to believe in the transmigration of souls, and therefore think if they leave thin life Say. shall return to their own country. it is thought this faith indvees them to leave their wheel. barrows and commit suicide. Thus by diminishing the number of laborers, the ex. Ports are reduced, and to meet the demand of #0 many ships, two English ships, (one of which has been here fore,) are soon ex with other loads of passen- from the Chinese dominions, deceived, most pro- ly, with the idea of going to California to dig gold. In act, itis said, the first batch of Colestials had dug many days before they wore undeceived. ‘The process of loading the ships is either by placing the ship close to a steep, rocky cliff, and have the guano tun through & large canvass hose from the top of the hill into the ship’s hold. 600 tons’ per day are put on board by this od; and as there is seldom much | Wind or swell, @ ship can Ue very well. Boats that go under smaller shoots, are sometimes leaded and return to the ship, where it is taken on bonrd in tubs made of els. 2 holders—How will the Cash be Raised ?—Moral Effect of | + the Monagas Dynasty—The Monagas Family—Its Designs | It is said there | ‘We have advices from Kingston, Jamaica, to the 26th of March. The subjoined summary contains the latest news from the island. A local paper, speaking of the amendments proposed by the Chief Justice to the bill for amending the consti- tution, says:— By the bill, as it the House, the Governor was empowered to select not more than three members from the House, and one from the Council, to be members of the Executive Committee, and provision was made for remunerating these officers by salaries at the rate of per annum each, and per annum for the office contingencies of the committee. The Council have offer- edan amendment upon this clause, with the view, as they conceive, of rendering the working of the measure more practicable. They propose that the Governor should be empoweréd to bo pod & permanent Secretary to the Executive Board, who should also discharge the duties of Clerk of the Privy Council, a | commensurate with the labor and responsiblity of t@office, and that each member of the Executive Committee should re- ceive, ovér and above his official remuneration, £100 a year for the contingencies of office. The qualifications of members of the enlarged Legisla- tive Council is the subject of another amendment. While the Council declare themselves to be willing that the pro- wietary body should be efficiently represented in the Upper House, they object that it would injuriously re- strict prerogative, if the crown were limited in allits future selections to this single interest, especially if no resident proprietors were to be qualified for a seat in the Council except such as possessed frechold estates ‘‘clear of all incumbrances.’’ They have, therefore, rejected that porn of the bill which sought to limit the qualification 0 landed property. A message had been sent to the Governor by a com- mittee of the House to request him to direct the Receiver General to import, for the use of this island, the sum of one hundred pounds, in pennies, half pennies, and far- things. A bill had been brought in and received the sanc- tion of the three branches of the Legislature, to empower the Governor to issue the royal proclamation prohibiting the holding of coroner’s inquests under certain eircum- stances, His Excellency has issued his proclamation ac- cordingly. ‘Two messages had been sent down to the Assembly by his Excellency and ordered to lieon the table. The first was informing it, that in conformity with its express de- sire by message, corréspondence had been entered intg with the British Consul at Havana, relative to procurin, for this island some of the emancipadoes as agricultural Inborers; and replies had been received, that gave infor- mation affording little ground for hoping the island would derive any accession to its laboring population from that country. The Colonial Standard furnishes the following particu- lars of the great fire at the Carlisle estate, noticed in the Hratp of yesterday:—On the 13th March Carlisle estate, one of the finest properties in the parish of Vere, ‘was nearly entirely destroyed by a dreadful conflagra- tion, originating, it is said, in accident, though there are current suspicions of incendiarism. ‘The great house and some of the out-offices in a few moments were burnt down, fortunately not before the estates, books and pa- pers, a8 well as some of the stores, were secured. The works caught fire in several places, but by timely oxer- tions they were wonderfully saved: and, we are happy to state, resuming operations in taking off the crop. The flames at one time threatened the whole of the Grand square, which would have ensured the destruction of Greenwich’s estates and fields, but by the active mea- sures taken by the overseer of that property it did but little damage to its cane pieces. The laborers behaved in a praiseworthy manner. Fine healthy breezes prevailed, though the want of rain was felt. There were indications of an carly fall. In addition to the above we are in possession of later advices from almost all the other West India Islands, both British and Danish. BARBADOES. Accounts from this island are to the 11th ult., and re- present the sugar crop as excellent. Forty-eight thou- fand hogsheads were anticipated, and about one fourth | of that sient had been shipped. Tonnage was in | greatdemand. ‘The wharves and thoroughfares of Bridge- | town presented an animated scene. refreshing | when compared with the other half other towns in the West Indies, The garrison had been augmented by the withdrawal of the troops and stores from Leeward, and their concen tration at St. Ann’s, Barbadoes. Provisions were rather high at Barbadoes, owing partly to the rise in the United States, but mainly to the fact of | almost every yard of land being appropriated to the su- gar cane, thins abandoning the cultivation of native grain and vegetables, which informer years proved so beneficial to the inhabitants generally, | The merchant brigantine Navigator, from London, went on the rocks about a mile to the eastward of the Barbadoes lighthouse, on the evening of the $d ult., and had become a total wreck—crew and cargo saved. H. B. M. steamer Megoera had suddenly quitted Carlisle Bay on the 4th ult., direct for England. ‘The island was healthy. ANTIGUA. Our dates from Antigue are to the With ult. There had been repeated attempts within the preceding fortnight to fire the town of St. John, which had caused much excite- ment in the community. The report that English Harhor, Antigua was to be- come the coaling depot for the ‘West India steamers, in ried streets of BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD. Batmmorsg, April 7, 1854. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. Sm—Your journal of March 27 contains a catalogue of railroad and steamboat accidents for the preceding fif- teen months, which is made the foundation of editorial | comment, including the following paragraph:— Acknowledging in its full extent the accountability of companies to the tribunal of public opinion, not less than | to the organized judicial authority, I eannot dissent from your general deduction, viz., the necessity of enforcing by public sentiment the duties of regularity and caution | on the part both of companies and of the travelling com- munity, But regarding your editorial as calculated by its pervading tone to divert the mind of the reader from a recognition of the joint character of this admitted re- sponsibility, and in the above paragraph to convey a spe- cial inference invidious to the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- road Company in particular, I respectfully claim the right to present before the public tribunal the defensive statement in this case, offering some corrections and | comments upon that portion of your statement which re- | lates to the company to whose service I have the honor to belong. The alleged facts from which your inference is drawn are partly destitute of foundation and partly susceptible | of explanation, which should, in my judgment, exonerate the company from the unfavorable “distinguishing” mark Implied by the imputation of negligence or reck- The reader will observe that the majority of accidents reported occurred in the tonnage department, by which the safety of passengers was in no degree jeop- ariised. In those which happened to passenger trains passengers were the sufferers only in two instances. I proceed to examine your series:— “Murch 27th, 1853, killed 8; wounded 24.”"—At the period mentioned the community of our city and State, and I may add of the Union, were startled with surprise by the intelligence that after so many years of successful traffic and an unusual exemption from similar calamity, the first accident fatal to the life of a passenger had oc- curred on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. ‘is melan- choly disaster, which I am neither desirous to extenuate nor interested to obscure, occurred to a passenger train in descending eastwardly a grade to Cheat River, 76 miles west of Cumberland. It was attributable to a method of running the engines on the heavier grades, which has since that date been entirely abandoned. No defect in the construction of the road or of the machinery in use, no failure in sedulous attention on the part of officials employed either on the train or on the track, was ever imputed in this case by the parties most immediately interes‘ed and best informed. It was recognized as really (in reference both to the pastand to the probable future) an isolated occurrence, arising exclusively from an ex ceptional cause never in subsequent operation. It must of course ever remain a source of deep regret, and an ad ditional stimulus to vigilance and caution on the part of the company; but it has not, so far at least as the local public are éoncerned, diminished in the minutest degree the well established confidence repored in this corpora- | tion, “June 26, wounded, 4..'—Three persona only, all | employed upon an express train, were injured on’ this occasion, two of them go slightly that no interruption to their daily business ensued. The tha was confined for | a few days by bruises. The accident was caused by run- | ning over a cow, near Thornton, Va. “August 18, wounded, 4.”—Your date, in this in- stance, is erroneous, the accident to which’ reference is probably intended having occurred at Cameron, twenty- seven miles from Wheeling, on the 11th of August, when | four passengers sustained slight injuries in consequence | ofa train running partially off the track. It appeared, | from judicial investigation, that a switch had been un: | locked by unauthorized persons and from malicious mo- | tives. Resolutions relieving the company from any im- putations were passed by the passengers. “October 7, wounded, 12.”—For this report of an acei- dent there existed no basis of fact, nor was even a rumor to that effect eirculated in this city, or noticed by our local journals. Buta fabricated statement, the product | of & mendacious imagination, was imposed upon the Louisville Journal, and promptly disavowed and correct- ed by its editor on the representation of an officer of this company. The record should, therefore, have been accompanied by the refutation. “November 18, killed, 2.—The only foundation for this statement consists in the fact that one individual, an insane man, was run over and killed on the 17th of November. “November 28, wounded, 1,—The engineer of a ton- | nage train was somewhat hurt at Martinsburg. 1854, January 28, killed, 1.""—The engineer of a pas- | senger train was killed near Cumberland, by a collision | in the night with a car maliciously taken from a switch, and piscea on the track. “February 7, killed, 1.’” “February 9, killed, 1.” About this timea tonnage conductor was killed, anda tonnage engineer injured, five miles west of Cameron. “March 6, killed, 1."—The brakeman of a tonnage train was killed, in consequence of impradence on his part, in sleeping at his post Kieu of St. Thomas, was considered by the St. John’s peo- ple to be “too good news to be true.’? Baron de Fleur was giving concerts at Antigua. GRANADA. Papersgfrom this island are to the 11th ult. An act increasing the police force had become a law, by the assent of the Governor-in.chief. This measure was passed by the Granada Legislature in consequence of the withdrawal of troops from the island. The exportation of the sugar crop was in progress. The health of the colony continued good. Flour was 60s. sterling per barrel at Granada. TRINIDAD. Accounts to the 10th ult. from Trinidad state that the crop of sugar will reach 80,000 hogsheads, while the available tonnage to transport the crop of England coul not convey more than 17,000 hogsheads. There was em ployrent’ for 13,009 tons of shipping; but the Port of Spain Gazette says, ‘where the 13,000 tons are to come from is a myster; The price of freight had risen to four shillings, and it was expected to be much higher. The weather had been unusually cold at Trinidad. DANISH WEST INDIES. Cholera had entirely disappeared from Tortola. MARKETS. Krvcstox, Ja., March 26.—We have no improvement to notice in the condition of our market during the past fortnight. The prices of all imported goods are upheld beyond the views of speculators, and stocks generally are so inconsiderable as to forbid anticipations of any immediate decline of prices. At the same time, the se- vere drought with which this and the adjacent districts have been visited during the last three months, has greatly affected the yield of native esculents, which are now beccming scarce and dear. The appedrance of the weather, however, gives promise of the early advent of the usual spring rains. The N Bon (From the Richmond Exffuirer, April 7.) The fact, which we announced last winter, that certain manumitted negroes had applied to the Legislature for permission to take masters, has exciled the greatest aston- ishment among the abolitionists. They cannot account for it upon any supposition consistent with their pecu- liar opinions ax to the sinfulness of slaveholding. We must now add another item to their troubles. The same thing has occurred before the last winter, and since that time we have become cognizant of two other instances of | more recent date, where similar applications to their | white neighbors have been made by manumitted negroes. | The only explanation of this circumstance which has been attempted at the North is unworthy of credit and unsustained by fact. It has been alleged that the com- dition of the free negro, who is compelled to remain in a slave State, is a pitiable and intolerable subjection to se- vere and oppressive laws and customs. This ix not so. It is granted that the free negro does occupy an inferior osition, and one that cannot consist with happiness. in the nature of things this must be so, and it is no less true of every Stato in the Union than it is of Virginia. But, it must be borne in mind, that however abject the state of the free negro at the South, he is mot oppressed as the same class are at the North. However Southern society may doom him to degradation, he is. in a better situation than he would be among the hypocritical fana- ties of New York and other Northern States. If this were not #0, why do these negroes prefer slavery tw 9 residence in some Northern State? The alternative with them was not a degraded position na Southern | community, but a home in some of the free States, or a home with 'a Southern master; and they chose the lat- ter. That they made a wise choice will be doubted by no ind Free. Newsrarer ENreRrRise.—The editor of - | sonville Republican, ina private note accom; ie seek extra containing an account of the destruction of sonville by fire, on the 6th inst., says:—‘‘Rye in the place was destroyed, apd the extra was printed with hoe brush, and with ink manufactured for the occa- from lampblack and oil. Jacksonyille was but @ ginal place; now it is no place at all.’’ man who will contrast the happiness of our slaves with the wretchedness and poverty of the free negroes in the Northern States of this Union. More than that—we do not believe there is this day in Virginia a free negro who would not imitate their example if the «ame alternative | was forced upon him, and he waa truly infogmed as to the condition ef the free negroes in the othet States of this confederacy. Once for all, let us vindicate Virginia from the asper- | sion of severity towards the free negroes within her bor- | ders. The history of her legislation with reapect to them is the best refutation of this slander. She has re- | atedly refused to do what several of the free States pave done: expel the free negroes by force of law; and | #0 far ae she could safely do so, has conferred upon them all the privileges accorded to citizens of the common- wealth. If her Legislature has not conferred upon them the privilege of roting, 1s has been consistent, because it has always been held in Virginia that they were in- eofnpetent to discharge the duties of citizens. And even in this they have not been alone, but have been followed by all the free States, so far as we know. But the law protects the free negro in the enjoyment of his property, and shields him from the hand of lawless violence. How, then, it may be asked, do you account for the de- sire expressed by manumitted negroes to put thommdres | again into bondage. The anawor is at hand: These negroes are strongly attached to the soil, and as the law provides that manumitted negroes’ shall be rent out of the State, and aa they know by experi- ence that slavery is not an evil thing to them, and as they know by observation that the condition of the free negro is inferior in respect to that of the negro | with a master, they yield to their local attachments, in- | stead of being governed by that instinct for freedom which the abolitionists assure us is inherent in every human bosom. This is a plain and simple solution of the difficulty, and we commend it to all honest anti slavery men. They are fighting shadows when they go to battle against the evils of slevery. They are making themeelves ridiculous by their mad crusade against an | institution Heaven ordained and sanctioned; and should succeed in securing the emancipation of all the Afri- | can slaves in the South, would only heap misery upow those they seek to serve. The Southern slave is a con- | tented, and, Pana Sed with the free North or | th, y | | | he ing. "His dally reourriag’ wants are | met and the dl of life is within his reach, Labor and | toil are more his lot than they are the portion of other mortals, and where no infernal int interferes, the slave lives and dies Cd the tation where he ma without a moment's dissat ion or discon- | “March 7, wounded, 1."’—The fireman of a coal train sustained some severe bruises in jumping from his stand on the engine. ‘The analysis of the above exhibits the following .— Accidents to passenger trains, 4 ; do. to tonnage trains, 5; do. to man on the track, 1—Total, 10. Killed, 8 passengers, 3 officers and hands, 1 stranger— Total, 12. Wounded, 26 passengers, 9 officers and hands—To- Trusting that your sengg of justice will induce you to give this due publicity, Tremain, sir, respectfully yours. AN OFFICER OF THE B. & 0. R. R. CO. The Fire in Jacksonville, Florida. The Jacksonville Republican extra gives the following particulars of the fire which occurred in that elty on the | and Mr, Blunt, District Attorney, for the defendants. | for the vindication of his character, and wi 5th inst.:— Yesterday at 1 o'clock, P.M. the alarm of fire was given in this town, and in four ‘hours afterwaris all the usiness portion of the town was inruins. ‘The fire originated in S. N. Williams’ hay shed, on the wharf. It extended with astonishing rapidity in every direc- tion, spreading first along the block of stores on the south side of Bay street, between Newnan and Ocean streets; thence communicating with the square on the north, which was all consumed; then store of A.M. Reed and the Bank Agency adjoining, the west side of Ocean street, which were both destro; thence with the square east of Newnan street and fronting on Bay, which contained the large and hand- some block known as Bryne’s buildings, nearly the whole square being consumed, at the same time with the buildings on Bay streets. east of the point at which the fire originated, and of Newnan street, which was at once swept away. ‘This was principally the course_of the area which has been devastated by the devouring element. The wind was blowing strongly at the time, and caused the course of the fire at first to be to the westward, by which se voral private dwellings at the extreme end of the town, and several stores, Moody’s, Holwes’, and Fairbanks? mills, and the new hotel of Messrs. Day, were set fire, but extinguished before any material damage was sus. tained. Still the intense heat from the first block was so great that that of {tself ignited the squares on the op posite side, and on the east, and the immense amount of goods thrown from the stores along the whole Pay | street, formed from the same cause an immense contla- | gration of spirits, oils, paints, &c. this fire seventy buildings ese, twenty-three were sto sons. Waver & Co. provisions; ©. D. Oak and Wm Grotho, jewallers; 8. N. Williams, grocer; J. P. Sande son, dry goods and provisions; Bloodgood & Bowse, do. H. Timanus, do.;T. Hartridge, do.; J. Mode, dry good) Jomes Hanham, grocer; Mr. Hernandez, tobacconist; C. DeWaal, auctioncer; L. Capella, fruit ‘store; J. Santo, 4o.; A. M. Reed, dry goods and provisions; M. Kiel, do. A. R. Huesey, grocer; Mr. Moore, fruit store; J. 1.Hogarth, tinner; Ambler & Hoeg, dry goods and provisions; J. L. ing; J.C. Brown, fruit store; L.,B. Amer. T. McMillan, druggist; T. G. Myers, gro. cer; A. C. Acosta, fruit store; J.B. Howell, grocer; Jos. Hernandes, tailor; C. DeWaal, bakery; George Flagg, Jeweller; K. H. Darby, tailor; C. Poetting, boot and shoe- maker, J. Finnegan’s office and L. M. Folsom’s furniture store were also consumed. The law office of George W. Call and G. W. Hawkins and the office of F. C. Barrett, notary public, &e., in the Pyne block, were also destroyed—a portion only of their legal and official cocuments being saved. Major Barrett had but a few days previous relinquished his mereantile business with Col. Sanderson. MeRory’s Insurance Agency office, in the Semmis Block, also went by the board, together with a portion of his ayers, the Custom Houre, Mr. Metntosh’s lav office, Captain Willey’s residence, J. Hanham’s store and dwelling Moce’s clothing store, the elegant residence, as alsa law office of P. Fraxer, Esq., we note among other build ings destroyed. he two and only printing offices of the place—the Re qulticon and the News—were consumed, the latter en tirely, and but enough of the Republican material has been gleaned from the harvest of the terrible reaper to furnish this Extra, We shall order new type and a prere, however, hy the mail for the North to-morrow morning, and hope to be fully ‘on our feet” again in the course of a month; and in the meantime shall e or to issue copies enough of our paper for our exchanges on a foolseap sheet, on an improvised press!—our two iron hand presses being utterly wrecked. We, therefore, throw ourselves upon the indulgence of our advertising and reading patrons “for a little while,”” boing determined not to derert the “burning ship”—being utterly opposed to any species of ‘ ratting.”” ‘The steamer Florida was lying at her wharf at the time of the fire, and drew off into the stream as it pro- greseed; the Seminole,from Savannah, bringing the mail, (the Gakton being taken off the tine) had passed up the river. Every exertion was made by the citizens, firemen, and even the ladies, who were found here and there lending assistance, to arrest the fire—the negroes also laboring faithfully to do their utmest. But the fire be- come unmanageable, and as the intense heat extended it- self, confusion and exhaustion rendered human exertion jess efficient. A portion of the fire apparatus unfortu- nately fell into a situation which brought it in contact with the flames, and it was lont. Upon the amount of property lost it 1s eatimated that one baif 4s insured, some in New York and New England offices, and gome in Georgia. “The two printing officer wore insured—our own for little more than half its value, We lost all the printing paper, and a large quan- tity of type, which we had on hand for jobbing. Our ret up forms have run into a molten mags. Mr. Andres Canova was severely burnt and is disabled; and Mr. J. C, Hemming was severely stunned, and for rome time hurt, but he is now better. We regret also that the family of Mr. Philip Fraser, who were ill, were forced to remove. re entirely destroyed. B: oft of the following per- A young lady at Laona, Lange nag on county, N. Y., has been an inmate of an asylum for insane for several weeks without any bo of relief. Her condit reduced by thy xo-niled ey iritual manifentations, | report in the 7'ribune; Captain Thatcher proposed to me | that built the Draco; I heard the repert of the alleged | build’another vessel for Captain Thatcher; I had gone to | the Draco was wrecked; 1) Draco, Versus Horace Greeley and Others, Proprietors of the New York Tribune. SHERIFF'S COURT. Before Sheriff Orser and a Special Jury. Morpay, April 3.—Sheriff Orser held a court this evening, for the purpose of assessing the amount of damages which should be awarded to the plaintiff for a Litel published in the Zribune newspaper, by the do- fendants, ‘The alleged libel consisted in the publication of a tele- graphic despatch which was forwarded to the defendants from Boston, stating that information had reached that city from Buenos Ayres to the effect that the plaintiff had sailed from that port under the pretence of having letters of marque from General Rosas, ex-Governor, authorizing him to make reprisals upon his (Rosas?) Jamestown was one of my ships; I knew commanded the blockading squadron at Buenos Ayres; received a letter from him relative to the American veaser ; im consequence of that letter I detached sloop-of-war Jamestown, under command of Captain ing, to cruise on the northwest coast of Brazil, as far as Pernambuco, in search of the ; in the latter end of So mae et Reenann of 1862 Tre my action in the matter to the then Sec- thera coast, Hin not ie usual route in order tp ; it is not e us rout ie Sameera OE Ree the Cape de Verde Islands; my instracti pt of the Jamestown were, that if he found the Draco had pers from General Rosas, he was co aed er into Buenos Ayres as a prisoner; had no such pay “s he was to use his own discretion about bringing er in; I never wrote a letter, or FF i to Boston about this matter; my letter to Captain Down- enemies; but that, in reality, he had no such letters of | ing ix dated on the 4thof March; mm} reply to the Bra- marque, and was a pirate, sailing under false colors. | tillan Admiral ia dated on the 25th C Fobryexy. hives pe rte ‘ ‘ross-examined —I never communica wa The article was headed “An American Vessel Turned | 4.7 Ur tie fridune on thie subject before the publication; Pirate,” and appeared in the Tribune and other New York newspapers, in the February of the year 1851. Upon this Captain Thatcher brought his action for I was first applie information paabs Tribune some time in this week; I did not know Captain bs ae Buenos Ayres; I know nothing of the brig . Michael; Mr. Hamilton was United States Consul at Monte- libel in, the Superior Court, and damages were laid at ime. $50,000. Davis—I am a merchant in New York; I Defendants suffered judgment to go by default, schooner Draco, the Messrs, Smith, and Capt. Thatcher; our hou a letter from the Messrs. Smith, a copy of which is now handed to me; the letter was used in obtaining the insurance; I delivered the let- ter to the Atlantic Insurance Company. Benjamin Galbraith—I am an attorney and counsellor at law; there is a suit now pending against the HERALD by Capt. Thatcher; the damages are laid at $50,000; [ amt aware how the intelligence came to New York; it was | published in the Boston Praveller, and reached New York by telegraph from Boston; I think it was given to both the 7ribune and HeRatp simultaneously. | ? Cross examined—! did not see the telegraphic despatch, but read a copy of it in the HuRALD. Mr. Otterson, city editor of the Z'ribune, deposed to the receipt of the news by telegraph from Boston, : Messrs, Blunt and Mathews summed up on either side, ond the Sheriff briefly charged the jury. | After some deliberation the jury gave damages againat the Tribune for $650. and the jury now were to assess the amount of damages. Mr. Mathews appeared as counsel for Captain Thatcher, Mr. Mathews stated the case, stating to the jury that Captain Thatcher had borne an excellent reputation in his profession—that he had acted as master of vessels for years, and thereby supported himself and his family; tmithat after the publication of this libel, no ship owner would employ him, so that he suffered both in re- putation and fortune. He has brought this action solely etuated by no mercenary motives. He, (Mr. Mathews,) now sub- mitted the fate of Captain Thatcher and his family, in their reputation, to the jury, and he was certain that both would be justified by their verdict. Mr. Mathews read the depositions of Charles White— taken beforé a commissioner in Boston, Mass.—one of the hands who served on the schooner Draco. Witness gave, in his replies to the direct interrogatories, a de tailed aceou i gement in th York he made DHOLY REVIEW OF THE CASE BY THE TRIBUNE, (From the New York Tribune, April 8.} AN INCIDENT OF OUR CALLING. On the 24th of April, 1852, there appeared among our telegraphic despatches the following:— FROM MUENCE AYKRS—4N AMERICAN SCHOONER TURNED PIRATE. Bosvon. Friday, April 23, 1882, Ayres, dated 2th February, reeelved MEL She was finally wrecked on the bar at the entrance of the Rio Negro, Several changes were in the shi, ment of the crew, all of which witness detajjed. He was engaged fora voyage to the coast of | A letter from Bnone here conteins ti fol The Brazilian Ad ‘nt a note to Commodore MeKee~ ner Draco, Capt. Thateher, had tof Patagonia and there raised ng gunno, and left for Brazil to eap: ter of marque. The vessel, however, haene such letter, ani she will he proceed ainst® pirate. Woe betide them, if they fall into the hands of Ad- wiral Grenfell. Of course, it need not be told that we received this im regular course from our telegraphic agent at Boston— that it was founded on a mercantile letter from Buenos , a8 stated above—that a note was received by Com, er from the Brazilian Admiral, as above said—and that Capt. Thatcher, of the American schooner Draco had left a South American port under circumstances which created a strong suspicion on the part of the authorities | that his intent ‘was piratical. So much was true; but it was not true that Capt. Thatcher had turned pirate, or intended to do so. On the contrary, he soon after came | to light again, explained the circumstances which had engendered the suspicions of the Brazilian authorities, and in due time came home and sued us (among other | editors) for libel. What could we do? Had Capt. Thatcher wished a re- traction of our mistaken despatch, and a complete vindi- cation of his character, he had but to ask and we should very cheerfully have done all that even he could re- quire, But what he was after was money, and he de- manced rather more thousands of dollars than we could conveniently pay. It would have been absurd for us to to read the part referring to the changes made in the | have attempted (o placate him by voluuteering explana- crew, on the ground that the shipping of the men took , tions.and assurances that we hi intended to do place anterior to the acts charged. iim any wrong—he knew that as well as we did—knew The Sheriff decided in favor of Mr, Blunt reading | that we had no previous knowledge of him whatever, and the extract. no conceivable motive to harm hin—knew how the im- Mr. Mathews read the depositions of Samuel Chase | pression that he had turned pirate had originated, and asto the character of Captain Thatcher, the respecta- | that, whether he were or were not free from blame in Dility of his connexions, and the value of his services as | the premises, we certainly were. So we had nothing to master, which the witness stated were worth from $250 10 but to mect the issue ‘thus forced upon us as best we to $800 per month. MGA TT RIG coh ; Mr. Blunt objected to the reception of this testimony, | But how? To join issue with him was both hazard. on the grounds that the questien of the value of Captain | Ons and useless. Had we attempted cg 4 to Thatcher's services was not raised fairly, as ithad not justify our publication, the Court would have held us been shown that he had sought employment and failed to | bound to prove the ae ti a pirate, which we could get it in consequence of the specific assertion contained Bot and would not do. Had we undertaken to plead in the specific paper complained of; and that the defence the general issue, that issue would have been explained as to general character was unnceessary, as his general by the Court to imply that we did not print any such character was not impugned. despatch as was charged in the plaintiffs declaration The Sheriff ruled that the evidence was admissible. and that we did not wish to pretend. What we did The depositions of Francis Smith, taken at Philadel- Wish was to get rid of all technicalities and formalities phia, were next read, and go before an honest, intelligent jury, saying— Luther Crowell was sworn and examined by Mr. Ma- ‘Yes we certainly did publish the despateh complained thews—Is a seaman; the chart now handed to me gives a Of; but we did it without a shadow of malice or ill-feel- general knowledge of the voyage of Capiain Thatcher; I , ing, in perfect good faith, supposing end Day good arrived from Buenos Ayres to-day; the Draco was not | Té#son to believe it true, as we ure now ready to show: ‘Wralcaltehen ee thes And we deemed it adviaable, to this end, not to join issu Go Ms. Biant—T never with the plaintiff, but to let the case go toa Sheriff’ nambuco or the Cape de V j This we did, ond before that jury were enaoled % of opinion to run by (he Cape de Verd islands to Brazil; it nt evidence sufficient to convince any honest depends a great dealon the winds; [have beensrunning ing that we had intended no wromg to Captaig se eneuon Si tor sonia teher, and had dove him none ex. Horatio Underwood sworn—I } | for twenty-five years; I recommended him for employ- | ment on the Draco; he applied to me since the publiea- | aril. Mr. Blunt road the eross interogatories, as to thee quip- ment and armament of the Draco. He denied that she had any arms on board, except very small guns ; he re-stated the names of all the ports touched at; the cargo was sold; supposed Captain Thatcher accounted for the proceeds: had no knowledge of any interviews having taken place between Captain Thatcher and the agent of Manuel Rosas, at Montevideo; did not believe that any such interviews took place. Ayr Mr. M. here read a copy of a letier from the American Consul at Buenos Ayres relative to the return made by ‘Thatcher to him of the crew of the Drago; it was certi- fied that four men had deserted her. The depositions of H. L. Tibbals, second mate of the Draco, were then read by Mr. Mathews. The witnes deposed to nearly the same state of facts as White did. Mr. Blunt applied to have the entire evidence read. He raid that it was a pity that judgment was suifered to go by default, and regretted that the plaintiff did not justify every word contained inthe communication. It would then have been shown that the defendants had good reason to advertise to the commercial world that the vessel was engaged ina very suspicious business, as shown by her extraordinary course and the changes made in her crew. Mr. Mathews opposed the reading, on the ground of an attempt to justify the libel. It was alse immaterial : ‘razilians from hia Gwn conduct, and tha not been even car in giving cur- y to the report from Buenos Ayres concerning him. And yet, in the face of all this, tie jury saw fit to con- emn us to pay Capt. Thatcher six b {and fifty dol- lars, beside costs. ‘The names of the jurymen who ren- dered this verdict are as follows:— P. Hl, Holt, four merchant, No, 280 Front street. J.B, Wilson, merchant, No. 86 William street. Hi. Hi. Casey, merchant, No. 71 Merchants? Exchange. A Hi. Wilson, seaman, No. 49 Sheviff atzcet. 1s nicl Curtix, merehant, No. 111 Pearl street. William Depew, imperter, No. 135 Pearl street. A. K. Thompson, merchant, No. 23 South, or clerk, 107 Greene street. Geo. Browne, merchant, No. 117 Front, or exchange, 151 Houston street. | J.A. Moore, tailor, No. 61 Willett street. Titus K. Adee. (not in the Direetory.) J.B. Hillyer, late drags, No. 45 London terrace. A. Spencer, publisher, No. 12 Ann, or printer, No. 206 Broome, or painter, No.'199 Eighth avenue. | Well: we shall try to pay the money thus conveyed | from our pockets, and we trust the receiver will spend it honorably and usefully, as we can proudly say we have earned it. If he docs as well in suing all who printed substantially what we did, his fortune is made. If the jurors are, on reflection, satisfied with their part in the business, £0 be it. But we cannot agree with the Evening Journal (Albany) that ‘Here is & practical example of the injustice of the present law of libel.” That law haa sins enough to answer for: but we really cannot see bow ite oa stream, be- | it is to blame for this verdict. The jury might have chos- Fiak on board the Draco when che was in the Freem ve. | onto strip us of cut lust sbilling: Dut woukl suet Bev benhoard Ole mectononiing: | been the fault of the law? We cannot so regard it. Trae; Cross examined by Mr. Hiunt—I was first spoken to re- | We hold that the law onght to shield an editor, who in specting the new model, after the Draco sailed; the Cap- | bes current news spparently, soeares,. tain saw it before he went on the second voyage; the y important to the community, from the Draco measured one hundred tons, by carpenter's mea- | legal or techni het perch ror where it is man- surement. | if hat no ual malice existed—just as it protects the John H. Aldridge and Hosiah T. Rinney both deposed iu giving (according to his best judgment) the that they had known Captain Thatcher, and read the re- | character of his Inte servant, or the distriet attorney in port in the Syihune. drawing up a criminal indictment against a man who James EF, Sinith—T reside at Sag Harbor: Twas subpes- | May _ re eng dae ee as coceaiel fo he : | well-being of society that editor - naed here by Mr. Greeley; I ams partner in the frm | well belngo) foety that edttore be Protected a os reported to have turned pirate, (though 1t should after- | wards prove mistakenly,) as that a judgé be at bert | to sentence and admonish a convict from the benc! | without subjection to a suit for libel in case that convict should afterwards prove innocent. We know that we did recisely our uty in printing the news sent us from Poston respecting Capt. Thateher and his schooner. the jury are equally satisfied of the correctness of thy | action in the premises, we oan afford to drop the suljq But we feel confident that if these gentlemen had be | severally asked, each in his individual capacity, to st how much actual damage had been inflicted on Cu Thatcher by the appoarance of this despatch in the | bune—that is, how much better he would have stoodi tion of the matter complained of; I speak of the publica tion in the Hera; he applied to me in the eariy part of last year, when seeking employment, but the matter hal then become one of common talk, and I did not know what to think. Mr. Blunt objected to the reception of any testimony against the Trilwne foanded on a publication in the HrRaip. Mr. Mathews replied by stating that the damaging matter got into public rey ort, and thus had the éifect of damaging the dearest prospects of his client, although it could not be traced, as first published, to any one paper. Witness continued—tI do not recollect ever reading the to goon certain voyages; I promised him a reply; I af- terwards declined employing him, in consequence of | hearing some reports concerning him. Cross-exemined by Mr. Blunt—When he called on me T did not know that he was the person referred to; I had made some inquiry of some of his acquaintances before I declined aiding him. John L. Merritt—I have known Captain Thatcher for ten years; I sold him goods; [am at present in the flour | business; he applied to me about joining him in the building of a vessel, dnd I told him of the reports I had heard of him. John Finnel!—I lmow Captain Thatcher; I am a boat builder; I modelled the Draco; I had something todo with the modelling of another vessel which, I think, never was built; the model was approved of by Captain Thatcher; I piracy against Captain Thatcher; we were then about to the woods of Pennsylvania to select the timber; I do not exactly know what effect the report had on my own mind; we abandoned the building of the vessel in conse quence of the report Cross-examined by Mr. Blunt—The letter now handed to me was written by my brother, I think; it is dated at Sag Harbor, and signed by our firm; it is directed to Mr. Davia; [know the handwriting of Captain Thatcher; his signature is to this letter now handed to me; I received letter from Captain Thatcher, dated at Castellios, before letter is now in my pocket; Irefuse to produce it; unless ordered to do so by the ark we had fuppronsed this despatch, at Ge sins of ms , 3 . e Sheri! i | pearance in all the Commercial journals throughout the sot Blunt applied to the Sheriff for an order to witness | Reyne Aes ThE broct Tien Sine aes wae bis damage, from our pub'teation, as high as fifty dollars, It seems to us wrong, then, to charge the libel laws, which have quite enough to answer for, with the dis credit of this verdict, which does not really belong to them, If these laws were perfect, it would still be difft- cult to dispense with common sense or common honesty ‘be Sheriff said he had no power to compel him to do £0. Mr. Blunt then served a summons of duces tecum on the witness, under which he produced the letter of Captain ‘Thatcher. It was dated ‘‘Castellios, Nov. 4th, 1861,’" referred to the complement of men in the Draco; he said, ‘‘T have fifteen men on board and only five on the | ‘® jurors. books:’’ ‘T have cheated a lawyer at Buesos Ayros out ‘ated Gent of $400, and cleared away in the night with consent of d United nbc ‘8 Office. the American Consul,’ ‘the vessel sails like h—Il,’’ & THE CANADA FORGRRIES — WARRANT OF EXTRA- DITION FROM THE PRESIDENT. Abraham T. Hi ar, Esq., United States Marshal, re- ceived the following warrant from the Department of State for the extradition of Van Acrnam, charged with forgery in Canada :— DRPARTMENT OF Sta’ WaAstinGTon, April 13, 1854. } To all to whom these presents shall come greeting — Whereas, John F. Crampton, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, hath made requisition in con- formity with the provisions of the 10th article of the treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the mutual surrender of fagitive criminals, concluded at Washington the 9th day of August 1842, for the delivery up of Daniel W. Van Aernam, charged with the crime of forgery, committed within the jurisdiction of Great Britain; And whereas, said Daniel W. Van Aernam has beew found in the State of New York, within the jurisdiction of the United States, and has by proper warrant and ig due form of law been brought ‘ore George W. Morton, Commissioner duly appointed by the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York, for examination of said charge of forgery; and whereas said Commissioner hath deemed the sufficient to authorize the commitment of said Daniel W. Vaw Witness continued—The Mr. J. Kelsey referred to in that letter is the one who was shipped as mate on the Draco; he refused to go; Ithink he left the vessel be cause the vessel left him; Tdo not think that I wrote = letter to Mr. Davis saying that Captain Thatcher present ed an erroneous account; I was not much at the harbor at the time; I nev neaged in sailing a vessel to Brazil before the Dri ; Ido not know that she was provided with any equipment for the coast of Africa; I do not know anything rbout the second voyage of the Draco; the last time I saw her was when she was loading for | San Francisco on a former voyago: the insurance on the vessel amounted to, I think, BBibod; here was tly ont ance on the cargo; I do not know if I ever expressed . prise that a verse! with a full cargo should sell for $200 ‘on the coast of Brazil. Direct examination resumed—The letter now shown to me is in Captain Thatcher's handwriting; it is in it that he refers to his affairs with the government of Monte- video: I wag at Sag Harbor all the timo when the Draeo was fitting for her second voyage; I did not know they | were going to fit her out for South America; my brother | may lave written to me about it; I mean to explain that I did not know anything about her cargo. Here Mr. Mathews read a letter from Captain Thatcher, dated at Buenos Ayres, 20th of October, 1851. Witness continued—This account of the voyage is in | Aernam, and has accordingly committed him, all of Captain Thatcher's handwriting; my brother ettied the | which et by a copy of the proceedings transmitted matters contained in it with Capt. T.; Ihave seen a | by said Commissioner: receipt in full from Capt. T.; Ido not say that saw a Now these ts are to require of the United State@ presen} receipt for this particular account. Marshal of the southern district of New York, or any Mr. Mathews closed here. other public officer or person having charge or Mr. Blunt addressed the jury for the defendants, and | of the aforesaid Daniel Van W. sn stated that the article refe to was dated on the 24th | deliver him upto Thomias McGratn, who has been duly rill, authorized to receive said Daniel W. Van Aerman into of A custody, or to any other person uly authorised 4 the aforesaid plenipotentiary to receive him into cust 1858, and was ‘aphic despatch from Boston, under the head of ‘Very important from Brazil—An American schooner turned ublished, on faith of a tele. te.” Ib to the jury that the Bra- In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed nag liom adearal had written to, Commodore Makoere, to | and cnet he teal of hi department ft be ale th co had loft Buenos Ayres jon this pril, A. pretented ieters Oe margie, fem General Ro: | of the fence ‘of the United austen Ae sevent $ letters; that Commo- 3 \ 4 dore bl A the sloop of war A writ beas Corpus Was aj for and issued Jamestown in pursuit of her; that he had reported his | Judge I Ht returnable on Ay, morning. impressions, with the facts of the case, to Congress and accursed ‘ore still remains in this city. the Secretary of the Navy. He, Mr. B., contended that Fish and twenty-two othe» Charge of Rewlt.—George under the circumstances the journal did well by the com- | of the crew of the American ship Galhoun, were arrested mercial public in publishing the sow bath thattet on a charge of revolt. Trane McKeever sworn—! am a captain h is the highest rank, properly speak The ‘lation of Cleveland, which numbered ig pg Pe Yo on geremnest; I was Fatoned on the | 1860 100, is now put down al oy