The New York Herald Newspaper, April 8, 1854, Page 4

ary TOYO a : YEW YORK ‘'AERALD JAMES GOKDO SF geyneTt PROPRIBTOR eDITOS 6PFLOK BW. COUNEK OF gicron AND KAMAE Cseame MIT... | Cael ae AMUSEME oes THIS B BOWERY THEAT gp powory wea's Wire. ¥ ~Hor Oorn—Tre Tons BROADWAY THIAS—D AVAL pi JEATRE, Rroadway—Daxtow axp Py- 7 APEATRE, Chambers strest—Haprs 4 py—Pausrty Piver oy Business Lav RATIONA) , TITTATRE, Chatham street—Aftornoon and Bronive—U" jory tow) Cam LA’ gS 1HEATRE, wa ar ACAN MUSBUM—Afternoon and Evening—Tux BeWRAY, SS fp .DWAY MENA eer g Lapy asn Lavin Ce KISTY'S AMERICA éy—brusortay MxLovies By A (LOUSE, 473 Broad. URISTY’s MINSTRELS WOOD'S MINSTRELS. Minstrel Hall, 444 Brosa- pway—Erni0rian Miss? BUCKLEY'S OPERA ROUSE, SW Brokaway—Bvox aer's Kriuornax Ovena Tuoure BP NICHOLA: Oaverenn Mins’ KHIBITION ROOM, 495 Droadway— His PHEIR NxORC PERTAIMEY TS. RANVABD'S GEORAMA, 596 Grondway—Paxonama or me HoLy Lan. RHENISH GALLERY, 503 ir BRYAN GALLERY OF ¢ wy ay—Day and » TIAN ART—S4i R WHOLE WORLD- and 879 Brogdway—Afternoon wad Bening. SIGNOR BLITZ, Conmenctan Haut, Jersoy City, New Vork, Saturdsy, April 8, 1854. Crreulation of the New York Herald for the Week ending April 1, 1854, Friday. Gaturday. Malls for Europe, THE NEW YORK LERALD—£E ‘Te mail steamship Franklin, Capt. Wotton, will leave this port this day at 12 o'clock, for Liverpool. ‘Fhe European mails will close in this city at a quarter to eleven o’clock, this morning. The Wencty Hrnap, (printed in French and English,) will be published at half-past nine o'clock this morning. Single copies, in wrappers, sixpence. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New You« Hxnrstp will be received at the following places fm Europe:— Taverroot..John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise atreet. Bonpon....Fawards, Sandford & Co., No 17 Cornhill. Wm. Thomas & Co., No. 19 Catherine street. ON FOR EUROPE. Paris...... Livingston, Wells & Co., 8 Place de la Bourse. OUR AGENTS IN PARIS, FRANCE. We beg leave to state to our readers and patrons in Paris, and Europe generally, that Mr. B. H. Revoil, 17 Rue de la Banque, Paris, is no longer connected with the New Yor« Hrrarp, either as correspondent or agent. Meesrs. Livingston & Wells, 8 Place de la Bourse, are eur only agents in Paris, both for advertisements and subscriptions. The News. The Cunard steamer Europa, having been out nearly fourteen days, may be expected to arrive in Beason to enable us to spread her news before our yeaders in to-morrow’s paper. She will bring two @ays later intelligence, which is anxiously looked for by those watching the progress of exciting and important events in the Old World, owing to the fact that when the Baltic sailed a formal declaration of war on the part of England and France against Rassia was daily anticipated. Our telegraphic information from Washington, concerning the proposed resignation of the Clerk- ship of the House, an office worth three thousand dollars a year, with perquisites amounting to many thousands more—the contemplated resignation of this valuable office of honor and profit by Col. John W. Forney—is a very curious piece of business. Our specful correspondent enters so minutely into the details and contingencies connected with this movement that we suppose there can be no doubt about it. What does all this mean? Have the demo- crats of the House become disgusted with Forney their clerk, or as the chief musician of the Cabinet organ, or as both the clerk and the chief musician, orhow? Does not this impending removal of the corner stone of the Kitchen Cabinet from the House indicate a crash in the kitchen and a smash up in the Cabinet? How can the administration or the Cabinet stand when the under-pinning is taken away? Can the country contemplate the prospect before us without alarm? Is there any safety for the Union if Forney leaves the Clerkship of the House? We live in strange and eventful times. Read over again the extraordinary correspondence between the Emperor Nicholas and Sir George H. Seymour—read over carefully our news from Wash- ington, and then tell us, is the country safe? Mr. Mason, Chairman of the Committee on For- @ign Relations, failed in an endeavor to prevail upon the United States Senate to go into executive session yesterday morning, from which circumstance it is in- ferred that the Gadsden treaty, the merits of which we have explained in detail in an editorial article, has become a complete bore to the members, who, atter various ineffectual efforts to improve it, have at length given it up as a hopeless task, and are in- lined to throw it overboard. The debates on this wonderful project are reported to have been of the most extraordinary character, revealing incidents of avery singular description concerning the unscru- pulous designs and machinations of speculators, job- bers and lobbyites—from men in high public places to the smallest office-seeker and fnancier—to ab- stract the surplus of thirty millions of dollars now locked up in the public treasury. When the ban of secresy is removed, the people may expect to be as- tonished with revelations of political corruption and fraud of a truly startling character. The Senate took up the private calendar and passed forty-eight bills, including ten from the House. The House of Representatives, after an interest- ing discussion, in which individual enterprise was shown to be far in advance of that of the govern- ment, referred to the Committee of the Whole the bill authorizing the Postmaster-General to contract for carrying the mails between New Orleans and San Francisco according to time. The body then went into committee, nominallyjon the General Ap- propriation bill, whereupon Mr. Caruthers, a Mis- souri whig, took the floor and made a forcible speech in support of the Nebraska bill. In the course of his remarks he gave some teminiscences of the past and present position of the administration which will be found quite interesting. He was replied to by Mr. Washburn, whig, of Maine. Both houses adjourned till Monday, According to our advices from Albany, the Maine Jaw men in the Legislature, despite the horrible ap- pearance of their late prohibitory act after it had undergone dissection at the hands of the Governor, do not even yet despair of securing a Dill befare the close of the session. They are now willing to sub- mit the question to a vote of the people, but desire that politics may be thrown out of the issue alto gether. We understand that the Senate debated the subject till two o'clock yesterday morning, and final- Jy made it a special order for Vuesday. Those inter- ested in the details of the proceedings yesterday are referred to the regular report, and also to the special despatch from our correspondent, which cont as 13 many curious and important i vith regard to the movements of the politicians and wire-pullers at the capital. Both branches of the Legislature ad journed till Monday evening, and most of the mom bers are now in the city for the purpose of yisitin our public institations, in accordeuce with the in tation of the Ten Governors. From the statement in another column respecting the authorship of th ous Ilulsemann letter, it appears that the original document was retarned to . Mr. Everett upwards of a year ago by the literary executors ,of Mr. Webster; consequently we sup- pone it must he conceded that it was drafted by the - eee ee n, but why did he defer putting in forn * itt p tol a % 1 salute the Hay- We publish to- ay ful eal o the affiir. the same officer wh pro- 1 of 1 to protect that d from any attack tha’ m ght come from the United States, and w in offer ng this protection, i ii American navy was that the vorth noticing, and that the exh bit to the world the su- ench over the F h fleets It i jon that & ie had the a ier ' re have so powerful yti near us in the event of any trouble between the American and French West Indies. rks Islands Royal Gi to the ¢ been receive !, but the ain no of special interest. ‘he of the and state of t ms us that ken ome salt had onal intelligence from Mex ed in another page, con much tl gz. However, in reading tho which declare th puleo had been q made for the the Dictator, « at the Alvarez revolution at Aca- hed, du allowance should be editors in behalf of of M ision they are compelled to cles relating to politics or government business before the same can be promulgated. Quite ch scene took place in the Board of Councilmen last evening pending the adoption of a resolution welcoming the members of the Logisla- ture to this city. One of the gentlemen was put un- der arrest for not taking his ©. at wien “enjoin do so by the President, but was eventually released, ended aimicabl, For a full report of if portion of mun! proceeding see our special report in another column. Among the numerous petitions presented and referred to the appropriate committees was one of all the pr holders on College place, praying to have the s or easterly track of rail of the Sixth and Righth Ave- nue Railroad in College place taken up, which was re- ferred to the Committee on Railroads. The Board of Aldermen also disposed of a great deal of routine business—among other things sustaining the report of the Ferry Committee recommending a schedule of rates for the Williamsburg ferry, the details of which are furnished by our special reporter. To-day’s inside pages contain a very interesting letter relative to the popular and commercial feel- ing concerning the navigation of the Amazon, and another from Honduras with regard to the pro- gress of the war between that country and Guate- mala; alsoa report of the important proceedings in the New York Chamber of Commerce in rela- tion to the rights of neutrals, free ships and free goods; Meeting of the Smerican Bible Society; Commercial, judicial, local, theatrical and miscel- lancous news, advertisements, &c. California and its Consequences. The extraordinary results which accompanied the discovery of rich gold fields in California and Australia astonished the civilized world. Prior to the opentug of these new fields of treasure the chief supplies of the precious metals had been extracted from the mines of South America, including those of Mexico. Humboldt, in his work on New Spain, had pre- dicted that the richest gold mines would be di: covered in the northwestern provinces of Mexi- co. The bare assertion of this supposition led to no practicable explorations; and it was not until the digging of a race at Suter’s mill acci- dentally brought to light the existence of im- mensely valuable gold deposits in California. With this important discovery on the Pacific a new era dawned upon the world. An im- mense tide of emigration was set in motion to the new El Dorado; while another tide from Europe was set in motion for the States, filling the vacuum of those departing thence for the Pacific. - With each returning year there was an aug- - . eee ee eee ae tinue, and that the time would soon arri when the yicld would be one hundred mi um, and predicated their spec ingly. i effect in the principal Atlantic cit the United States was soon developed. estate rapidly advanced, soon doubled, and ia some cases quadrupled in value, Rents ad- vanced in the same ratio. Habits of great ex- travagance in living became develped oa every hand. Immense importations of cost] from France and England and other points of Eurepe were made. Credit was easily ob- tained, and the goods imported were rapidly sold on credit at good prolits, Under State free banking laws immense num- bers of new banks started up—not only in New York, but in New Jersey, New England, and in theWestern States, based upon stock securities. If gold became short from unequal distribution or foreign exportation, paper money was abun- dant, and ready to supply its place and buoy up credit. With increased expenses of livin; inercased wages for labor were demaaded. From the great demand for ships all materigls used in their construction advanced about twenty-five per cent. The impetus g'ven to building caused work and materials to advance in about the same ratio. ’ In connection with all this sudden and unexam- pled prosperity thousands of schemes of specula- tion were engendered, Hundreds of miniug com- panies were formed or revived, embracing § shers for zine, lead, iron, gold, coal and copper, scattered from the Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, with ramifications in Mexico and Canada. New steamboat routes multiplied, with a vast increase in the number of this class of vessels, A railroad mania seized the country—vast lines were commenced or projected. Millions upon millions of bonds were issued and sold at low figures to raise the wind to enable many of them to work those built or to complete those unfinished. New Life and Fire Insurance Com- panies sprung into being by scores. Indeed, in no former era—in no former age of the world —did such asudden flood of prosperity appear to burst on the nation. With this sudden pros- perity there was engendered a rank spirit of corruption, of unblushing roguery, both in low and high places. Rogues seeing the sud- den wealth acquired by “Tom,” “ Dick” and “Harry” in California, while they were likely to remain poor, resorted to stealing to enrich themselves. Hence the Galphin claim, and the Gardiner and Meir swindles, with kindred ope- rations in various sections of the country. Truly, “ Money (gold) is the root of all evil.” From recent developements we have reason to believe that the year 1853 was the culminat- ing point in this universal gold intoxication and speculation. From the facts we ‘shall give it will be seen that “all is not gold that glitters.” Another side to this picture is coming rapidly into view. English merchants and ship- pers have largely lost by Australia speculations, and we find a tremendous ebb tide has set in against the States from California. As heavy as the yield of gold in California was in 1853, we have reason to believe that the shipments of produce and merchandise eent there to purchase it greatly exceeded it in amount. We find that the amount paid in San Francisco in 1853 for freights ‘alone shipped to that port amounted to the enormous sum of $10,736,107 on Eastern shipments, and $1,976,661 on fo- reign shipments, making a total of $12,712,768, or over five per cent of all the gold yielded by’ the mines. In 1853, 1,902 vessels arrived, against 1,388 in 1852, with a tonnage in 1853 of 549,755, again@t 445,044 in 1852. ¢ Among the vast amount of produce and mer- chandise landed in California in 1853, for the consumption of 322,000 people, against 300,000 in 1852, we may notice the following. It may be observed that while the population of the State in 1853 was only 22,000 over that of 1852, yet the articles shipped for its consumption in 1853 were about in the proportion of 5 and 6 to 1in 1852. The importations were as follows :— goods mentation of treasure. Cities suddenly rose from the arid sands or uninhabited plains and valleys pf California; property suddenly ad- vanced to fabulous prices; men long bankrupt suddenly became millionaires, which inflamed the imaginations of their early companions with a desire to acquire wealth by a process equally sudden. Cities were burnt down, and again as quickly rebuilt. All became a game of speculation, and while some miserably failed others became as speedily rich—among whom were the early saloon and gambling gents. The first flood of gold which poured into the Atlantic States of any considerable magni- tude wasin 1849 and 1850. In 1851 the amount shipped from California amounted to $34,492,- 634; in 1852 the amount was $45,559,117, and in 1853 about $56,000,000—which immense sum averaged about four and a half millions per month for the year. Thus the total shipments by manifest for the three years of 1851-52-53 amounted to the aggregate sum of $136,051,751, to which may be added the coin and treasure brought away by passengers, $30,000,000, mak- ing a grand total for The three years named of $166,000,000. The years of 1849, 1850 and 1852, were years of immense profit to those engaged in the trade. Nearly all descriptions of goods sent out paid enormous profits. Large vessels, including new and splendid clippers, paid for themselves in a single voyage to California and back, via China, or other East India ports. ‘ In 1852 and ‘53 the Australia gold fever broke out, It raged with a perfect furor in England, and spread with more or less intensity to Cana- da and the United States. The most marvel- lous accounts reached us regarding the golden wealth of New South Wales and Victoria. Many supposed that these new fields would eclipse those of California. Some imagined that gold would become so abundant as to cause a great depreciation in value, and that silver would become proportionably dear. The enormous returns from freights, an! the shipments of gold, caused an immense amount of tonnage, with large quantities of goods, to be despatched to the gold regions of the Pa- cific and Southern Oceans. The great rush of people. for those countries, it was supposed | would create markets which could not glutted. The effect of all this movement the people at be La home. In- produe | gre tion in t flation folle in ) The yield of California than that of 1848; that of 1850 still larger; tha of 1852 in advance of nd that of 1855 proved tobe the greatest of all. Many sup- posed that this annual ingrease woyld gon- Received in 1852, 1853. Flour, bbls. 510,577 Corn meal 60,844 Pork, 36,063 Beef. 7,140 Bacon, ibs ; 8,514,622 Hams 3, 10,428,000 Lard 1 6,600,889 Butter, 4,768,245 19,556,622 At the close of 1853 it was known that large quantities of goods were on their way from the Atlantic States greatly in excess of those of 1852. It must also be remembered that agriculture in California in 1853 had made considerable pro- gress, and that the local supplies of food would greatly excel those of 1852. The mining popu- lation in 1853 had materially decreased, while the farming population had increased, In De- cember, 1852, the mining population emounted to about 85,000, while in December, 1853, it only amounted to about 65,000, showing that con- sumers had decreased and producers increased. The production of native grown wheat in 1853 kept down the price of flour to a point below the price of importation. Barley was yiglded fully equal to the consumption; and it was sup- posed that millions of dollars would be lost on the importation of this one article, chiefly from Chili. It encumbered the wharves in San Fran- cisco, without bidders at half the cost of ship- ment. The fact seems to be lost sight of abroad that the capacities of the soil of Cali- fornia are not exclusively mineral. Among the receipts of merchandise at San Francisco in 1853 there were between five and six hundred thonsand packages of unspecified mer- chandise, besides some fifty-five thousand pack- ages and fifty tons of provisions, Of liquors “unspecified” there were over twenty-eight thousand packages. There was also an ex- cess in the importation of lumber, and in a great many other articles, The Times and Transcript of San Francisco showed by figures that, taking the importation of flour for 1853 with the quantity produced in the State, and deducting the consumption of the year, that it would leave a supply atthe énd of the year of not less than 189,000 barrels, and it might possibly reach 279,000 barrels—enough for four and a ‘half to seven months consump- tion; while the quantity on the way from the Atlantic ports cleared prior to the Ist of No- vember, 1853, amounted to 77,000, besides con- siderable lots expected from Chili. The same paper of December the 30th states that from the large quantity of wheat which had been sown that there would be sufficient raised for the consump- tion of ils poy min 1 The i the importation of provisi 1 m had corresponded with that of 3 that there has been a complete break-down in the California mar- ket, and large quantities of goods have been sacrificed—in some instances not paying freights and charges, Flour, which paid $3 60a $5 pe The consequence of ti } | ures had already occurred in Englasd. In this was pnr- e find that s returning toNew ; cargo, including four, shovels, other articles, | Her freight list amounted to about $15, 600. One party, on a shipment of 7,000 bbls. of fleur, lost about $40,000, Hence, though | fifty-eix millions of gold left California in 1853, we have no doubt, if all the factswere known, ! that seventy-five millions, or more, were sent | there to pay for it. | Who are the losers? Where has the gold | gene to? Who has got it? This we :hallshow hereafter. We have no dou’ t but that heavy losses will be sustained by English trad rs, who so reck- lecsly embark d in th» Australian trade. For there, as in C.lif.rnia, the markets were glut- ted, and ruinous losses sustained. Some fail- the clipper chi York with an assorted and various country the great increase in paper money, issued by new banks, and creating easy credit, | hitherto Las kept thins tolerably émooth. N body appears so far to have lost anything. Some probably have been despoiled of previous | profits, and should there exist “lame ducks” in the California trade—in railroad specula- tious—in mining :tock operations—in real es- tate or other fancy speculations—ihe war in Europe, with a tight money market ih London, will Le suve to bring them to light. There is probably 4 money crisis at hand, which a war in Europe may precipitate, but which a peace cannot avert for any great length of time. The Great Twenty Million Swindle of the Gadsden Treaty. During the last ten days the impression has en rapidly gaining ground at Washington, that the grand joint stock Gardner swindle of the twenty millions of the Gadsden treaty will be indignan‘ly rejected by the Senate. This will not be surprising to anybody. The only wonder is that this gigantic plot for commit- ting burglary upon the public treasury, under the cover of law, has been given the deliberate and protracted discussion which it has received. With all the facts, all the parties, and all the correspondence of the conspirators before it, disclosing the whole plot in all its unblushing impudence and atrocity, one would naturally suppose that the Senate would have instantly trampled this so-called treaty under foot, and that they would have ordered such proceedings against the guilty parties, upon the spot, as would bring them to justice, or disclose, at least, the precise interest of every individual concerned in the conspiracy. But there have been powerful influences at work in behalf of this corrupt and comprehen- sive plot for plundering the Treasury of two- thirds of its thirty millions surplus. What with Santa Anna, and our Mexican claim agents and railroad stock jobbers, a con- tingent aggregate of the spoils, equal to five or six millions of dollars, has been under the control of the lobby in support of this treaty. Grand operation! Worthy the golden epoch of California and Australia— equal to some fifty Gardner claims, and fully up to the imperial necessities of “bLenemerito de la patria,”’ General Don Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna! Among the incidental interests connected with the fortunes of this treaty are a number of worthy citizens, under bona fide contracts of various Kinds, with Senta Anna, but whose means oi payment are the fifteen anticipated millions for the Gadsden triangle of the deserts of Sonora. Of these bona fide contractors are the Messrs. Ames, of Springfield, Mass., who, it appears, have engaged to supply Santa Anna, trom their foundries, with some two hundred pieces of artillery—field pieces of six and twelve pounds calibre. On or about the 26th of March last the bark Grapeshot left this port, with a cargo, in part, of thirteen hundred sel celsof hardware, bound for St. Thomas and a market. Now, as already known, these thir- teen hundred parcels of hardware were so many bundles of muskets, ten muskets to each bundle, making jn all thirteen thousand muskets bound for Vera Cruz. The venture is owned onc-half by George Law and the other half by the Messrs. Laurence & Co., of New London, Connecticut; but whether the muskets are of the secondhand stock of which forty thousand were turned over to Kossuth at two dollars a piece, or whe- ther they are new muskets “with all the modern improvements,” we are not advised. It is enough for us to know that the chances for pay- ment are excecdingly slim for the artillery and the muskets, unless Santa Anna’s empty pockets are replenished from our treasury. Hence the interest of the parties concerned in the ratification of the Gadsden, treaty. These military investments, and others for materials and munitions of war, to enable Santa Anna to extinguish the independence of the Mexican people, are, however, but inci- dental contingencies. Santa Anna and his agents at Washington, the Tehu- antepec speculators, the Opelousas and Pacific railroad speculators, the Gardner claimants against Mexico, and the border Indian bogus indemnity jobbers, are the parties that have given weight and strength and sinews of war tothe lobby. How utterly corrupt, there- fore, must this Gadsden treaty be, when, not- withstanding it is desirable to settle our exist- ing differences with Mexico in a friendly way, and very desirable to procure a new boundary south of the Gila, this bargain of Gen. Gadsden is more than the Senate can swallow ! We have been amused at the brazen-faced ar- guments employed by the lobby men in support of this treaty, in the newspapers. The country proposed to be ceded to us is a horrible desert, a “waste and howling wilderness” of naked mountains of rocks and blistering plains of sand; and yet, these lobby gentlemen have de- scribed itas a new garden of Eden in vegeta- tion and climate, and a second California in its mineral richee. And then the treaty involves the settlement of the Tehuantepec dispute, it settles the Mesilla valley question, it relieves us from the duty of watching the Apa- ches all along the line, and it settles a lot of Mexican claims; and it secures the peace and friendship of Mexico—and all for twenty millions of dollars. The bait was tempting; but the lobby, asis apt to be the case where the stakes are large, have overdone the business, and the most magnificent schedule of the grand- est swindling scheme in the history of the gov- ernment is thus scatiered to thé winds. The anticipated swamping of the Gadsden treaty is, nevertheless, in view of the calcula- tions of the spoilemen upon a great variety of other schemes, a profound source of diseppoint- ment, It breaks up the programme for the five hundred millions of the public plander, and leaves the lobby without the supplies, even for their contingent expenses. Can nothing -be done to relieve the Treasury of its surplus | stationary, and but m try another rail- yond Lill cr two, or a patent extension, or a stiff | eonirect of fom kind. Thereis themoney, dnd | | it must come ot. | SS Spare Ol { Newerarer Disvnwotion iv orae Usrrep | Srates.—Among ‘the revolutions which have taken place during the last twenty years, none is more remarkable, or more worthy of consideration, then that which has marked the developement of the newspaper press of the United States. The daily press for | nearly a century had remained almost little or no progress was visible until about 1835, notwithstanding all the agitation and excitement which had con- vulsed the Old World. No attention wa paid to the stirring events of the day, and no efforts | were made to diffuse intelligence of passing ! events among the mosses—every thing appear- | ed to drag on dull and monotonously, without life or energy. The aggregate circulation of all the daily journals on this continent at that time, was not as large as the daily issue of the New Yorx Heravp is at the present day. Many reasons | might be adduced for the apathy and want of | enterprise manifested by the managers of the different journals—they appear not to have had a single progressive idea. Their system of management was radically wrong. We will name one instance in support of our argument, which is that of the delivery of p.- pers. The custom was tohire carriers at three or four dollars a week, to serve their patrons, when blest with any. Thesermen took no interest in the welfare of the establishment—there were no inducements to increase the circulation, as they merely increased their own work in their ef- forts to do so; aud matters went on in this way until the advent of the “cash press.” Phe element of progress now developed itself, and a new system of delivery became indispensable. The credit system being abolished, the papers were delivered to carriers and newsboys, (a class which then sprung into existence,) at so much per hundred. The effect wasimmediately apparent in the great sales of the “cash press,”’ as the carriers were immediately interested in its success, and exerted themselves accordingly. The agency system established by the New York Heraup rapidly spread throughout the Jand, and depots for the sale of newspapers and periodicals sprung up at every available point. The book trade, also, which was in a languish- ing condition, at the same time received new life,"ana magazines and cheap literature of every description found their way into the re- motest corners of the Union. To this system— introduced by the New York Heratp—and to this system alone, may be ascribed the immense fortunes of the Harpers, the Appletons, and others, all achieved through the influence and energy of the “cash press.” The system of agency, established originally for the country, is now beginning to react upon this city, and the necessity for its adoption ‘here is daily felt more and more, and a struggle is now going on between it and the carrier system, andin which the latter must eventually succumb. Our contemporaries all fell into the grave error of selling routes to carriers, thus de- stroying their own independence, and placing the control of the circulation of their journals entirely out of their own hands. We early saw the effect of this system, and from the first firmly refueed to sell a single route, preferring to preserve our own independence. We hold a carrier on his good behavior, and will remove him whenever necessary—which our neighbors cannot do. The agency system is increasing so rapidly that in nearly every street in this city a depot may be found for the sale of newspapers and periodicals. The great value of these agencies consists tn their ability to supply customers at any hour in the day—the majority of readers not being willing to wait for the carriers fn the morning. This system will eventually break up the whole carrying business; and we would advise our carriers at once to adopt the plan of establishing permanent agencies in their re- spective districts; for if they do not, somebody else will, This will be found the proper sys tem for the distribution of papers, and when once adopted, we shall hear no more complaints of the late delivery of the Heraxp. Tne Harp SHELts anv THE Spors.—The hards are great upon principles—very great— but they are greater for the spoils. The spoils are the great fundamental cardinal principle of the hard shells. Anything for pure democ- racyany thing for the Union—but everything for the spoils. The hard shells are remarkably great and somewhat peculiar concerning the spoils. If they cannot get hold of them tor themselves, they are generous—they are liberal, and they are ready and willing to co-operate in giving the spoils to somebody else—a good whig or a bad whig—or anybody but a misera- ble soft shell. For example, and it is a striking example—a very singular example, we may say —the hard shells in our Legislature, not being able to get the State printing for themselves, but being unwilling that so large a dish of the spoils should be lost, generously, magnani- mously, and humanely, voted to give it to Thurlow Weed. Could anything in this world more forcibly illustrate the peculiar liberality of the hard shells concerning the spoils? Long live the hard shells! “To the victors belong the spoils.” Thurlow Weed is the victor. Let Marcy and the hards rejoice. THe Wasnincron Monument.—The trustees of the Washington Monument Association have offered a reward of $500 for the detection of the miscreants who destroyed the Pope’s block of marble. We trust they will be successful, and that the barbarians will be punished suita- ably. An attempt has been made by a few ob- scure prints here, that would say anything for half dozen subscribers, to get up some sym- pathy for the perpetrators of the offence; it has only succeeded in arousing still deeper in- dignation against them in the minds of all hon- est men. For Evrors.—The U. 8. mail steamship Franklin, Capt. Wotton, will leave at twelve o'clock to-day for Havre, touching at Southampton. She had 128 passengers op. gagedyesterday. ARnIVAL OF Pactrio AND Cina Suies Yesterpay.—The clipper ships Highflyer, Waterman, ninety days from Canton; the Hurricane, Very, from San Francisco Jan. 1; the Young America, Babcock, from Callao, all arrived at this port yesterday. ‘Tne Berrisn Steamer Cuntew left yesterday for Bermuda and St. Thomas, With fiftecn passengers and $141,998 in specie on freight. Siar Lacxen.—Mr. William Perine launched from his yerd, in Greenpoint, on Thursday afternoon, the shi Henry Harbeck, of $00 tong, built for Moses. Harbeck Co., and iatended for genoral treighting business. The vessel went of the stocks in fine style but, in conse- quence of the ballast shifting, she keeled over on her veamends, and swinging round struck the end of the ferry-dock, carrying a ‘8 portion of the railing. Quite a number of persons were on board at the time, but no accident occurred. She is to be commanded by Captain Jobn True, Jun. : ‘Tox Steamer Kyoxvitie, which arrived from Savan- nah last evening, brought Southern papers in advance of the mails, for which her officers have our thanks, The nt Organization for the Cleansing of Broadway—The Genin Operas Uonte Broadway 4 ly considered as the pride of all New Yerkers, and it is undout ly the most magnifieent, the most trilant, ard t Ivbiest avenne in the coun try. Any one who desires to see an exhibition of the art and industry of all nations has only to take an afternoon promenade from n place to ihe Battery, and biz Wishes will be gratified. It has, however, been a common complaint, both among. citizens and strangers, that Broadway was never cle it was either se muddy or so dusty that not only walking was unpleasant, but the goods of the merchants, to say nothing of the ladies? dresses, were seriously damaged. Three weeks ago the public meeting ealled in the Hzravp was holden in the | Park, and the result of this outburst of indignation on | the part of the citizens was a meeting of the Board of Health. The Koard appropriated seventy-five thousand Gollaxs to pay the expense of cleansing the city, and about one hundred aud Gfty thousand loads of dirt were removed from oar streets. This was all very well, so far as {i went; but it did not go far enough. It was only one | cleaning, one sweeping, and one removing of the dirt. For the future we are left to the tender mercies of the reform Common Council, the members of which are » fully as lazy as their predecessors. The Broadway merchants, having been delighted with the right of the Russ pavement, and having little faith in the reform Councilmen, have formed a private, inde- pendent organization, having for its object the cleaning of Broadway. Mr. John N. Genin, who has two stores on. Broadway, was the leader of this movement, and was chosen superintendent of Broadway. A considerable | sum—about two thousand dollara—was placed in his hands tocommence the “work ;and it has commenced. Brondway was swept for the first time by the men under Mr. Genin’s orders last Monday mor:ing, commencing at midnight. Some of the lateral streets, from which dust frequently blows into Broadway, were also swept, and the condition of the strect itself has been highly im- proved. Yesterday morning one hundred and fifty loads of dirt were removed, and at six o'clock the street, from the Battery to Union square, was as clean asa newly scrubbed kitchen floor. ‘This work was accomplished by two gangs of twenty-six men each. The: first gang sweeps from the Bowling Green to Canal street; the se- cond, from Canal street to Union square. They use nothing except the ordinary house broom, and their movements are directed by Mr. Genin, ‘assisted by three foremen. The laborers receive one dollar per night, and the foremen three dollars. At the present rates, the oxpense of cleaning Broadway will be four hundred and fifty dollars per week; and, as there are vight hundred houses abutting on the! three miles of street which is to be swept, the weokly| assessment will not be over fifty cents for each house. It is believed that this can be very much reduced, as an| arrangement may be effected by which the dirt and offal| of the street can be made to pay for itself. It would form an excellent compost for unproductive lands. ‘These are a few of the results of a little enterprise on the part of the Broadway shop-keepers. Enough ha ‘been gleaned from them to show that New York ma; be easily kept clean at a less price than that which have been paying to keep it dirty. Under the old system contractors received the amount specified, and then neglected the work. The bondsmen never were call upon, and the streets were never cleaned. Under new charter the same results followed. Bids for the con: tracts were made at a ridiculously low price, and th honest contractor was shut out. The money was taken. and no work was done. We trust that we are entering upon a new erain ai reform, The experiment with Broadway, if successfu will be the first of the series which will place New Yor! where she belongs in the eanitary ranks. The people willing to pay if the work is done, and pay liberally. | the city government refuses to do it, each ward will b cleaned at private cost, the money raised by private sul scription, and the work superintended by private agen! We do not think that anything is to be expected from the Councilmen. They are at the best a weak, quarre! some, chattering, vacillating set of fellows, and the| have such a knack at dividing the responsibility that n| one has anything todo. The salaries, however, are neve without claimants. This being the state of the caso, th merchants should encourage the enterprise set on fod by Genin and others. Broadway, clean, would be miracle which would attract thousands-of pedestrians, addition to the many that now walk therein. Everybo will be benefitted, pecuniarily and otherwise. The e: pense is not great, when we consider that there is mo business done on Broadway than on all the other stree in the city together. Broadway cleaned under this rangement will present such a contrast to the rest of tl] city, that the inhabitants of other districts will hast © follow the good example set them. Then, New Yo will be great, wealthy, populous, enterprising—and c A suficient amount has been subscribed to cle Broadway, once in twenty-four hours, during the ne four weeks. Then another subscription will be opend Ree eis bee ht. ok City Intel! ‘. (CRYSTAL PALACE.—A idsesl vebenstbeea te ihe $100, fund:— Amount previous: F._ Seel; Eastern advertised, 973,810 rene stect House eo. W. 1,000 1,000 500 ‘ 100 8.C. Jollie +. 200 United States Hotel. 5,000 ‘Mxerine oF tHE Boaup or HEALTH.—The Board of He: met yesterday afternoon, in the City Hall, at thi} o'clock, and werg in session about an hour. The mi important motion brought before them was to take the City Inspector, Mr. Downing, the authority Intd vested in him to clean the streets of the elty; such thority to cease to-day. Upon this motion sprung up| long debate, which ended in the success of the motid After to-day, therefore, it beeomes the duty of .Glasier, the new Street Commissioner, to see that t city is Kept clean. Mr. Downing has done good serv since this task was put npon him; but there is Jana and dit left te ocoupy Mr. inte % 4 a Glasier ‘6 immediate Eastern Disrexsany.—The following is the this Institution for the month of March: Patients’ tended at the office, 1,445, males, 514; fomales, 9 Patients attended at their dwellings, 277: males) 1 females, 156. Number of persons vaccinated, $80: 1 1905 feral ats There were cured or relieved, 1,61 ni to hos} ; remaining under treatment, 61; Giod, 11. Of the whole number there Let of New York, 451, in the United Statos, 458; a in foreign countries, 1,188. Medical advice and medic were as usual furnished gratis, the number of presc tions put up for the month’ being 2,682. ‘The larg! number Vn one day was 145: the smallest number Average per diem, 97, Norrnsrn Disrensany.—The following is the report this institution for 1864:—The number of patie was, 1,599; attended at their houses, 416, at the Disp! sary 1,188; males 660, females 939, ‘with’ the follow: result:—Cured or relieved 1,109, died 7, sent to. hospi} 5, vaccinated 443, remaining 45, these there w from Ireland 787, United States 677, England 44, Scotl 81, Germany 41, other countries 19. The numter of 7 scriptions put uj during the month, was 3,185; number in any day, 182; least, 32; average per day, A New Post Orrice Dinzcrory.—Charles R. Rode, of 11 Broadway, has got out a most useful work, in rhape of a “United States Post Office Directory,” or situate and reside, with the charges and times of mak up of the foreign nails, and @ vast amount of other pt sage It nee piel in aah ow of all coanect ¢ mercantile, profession king, and shi; classes of our people. The work is com; with z care, and is sold cheap. Taw War in Wurore—A New Mar.—Messrs, Ens! Bridgeman & Fanning, of No. 156 William. at New York, have forwarded to usa copy of a 1 map, which they have just published, with a view to better understanding of the territorial extent and p tion of the several countries—both in Europe and Asi which likely to be affected by or in the European war. The map is very well executed, hig, varnished, and neatly mounted. The immense Ru: Ss, ‘Turkey, Persia, Franco, Spain, Poland, Pras with the Baltic,’ Black, North, ‘and Mediterranean 97] &c., can be taken at a single glance. We believe map is sold at a cheap rate. ACCIDENTS.—Malone Miles, « carpenter, 60 years of (f of No. 27, Goerck atreet, was at work yesterday morn! when he fell from a folding in Webb’s ship yard, bho Seventh street, East river. He was ta ‘0 his home. Benjamin a child, was yesterday ran ove Cherry street. His leg was broken. Hic was taken to® home of his parents in Williamsburg. Brooklyn City Intelligence. oF Horsza.—Last evening, al¥] ht o'clock, @ fire broke out in a stable oa Flog alley, near Johnson street, owned by N. B. Morve, Ff] and occupied by Mr. Charles A. Silver. It contained splendid horses, which were destroyed, and & quentit fodder, harness, &c., allof which were consumed ¥ the building. ‘The flames communicated to tho icc room of St. Jobn’s church, and da the rear to the extent of about $300. The building occupied] a brush factory by William Steele was also somerg| damaged. 0 ‘The loss on stable aud contents is alM upon which there was no insurance, t four o'clock yesterday morning a fire Within the block bounded by York, Gold, bridge atreets, among a lot of sheds,” used i» storage and for other purposes. ‘They we Mrs. Hannah W. Lock and John Wilkinson. Loss pr bly $600; insured for $100 in the Aitna Compan, Hartford. The leeture room ot the York strees Me dist Eptacopal church was damaged to the exten several hundred dollars; but it and the contiguous b ings were saved from destruction by the exertions of firemen, among which Constitution Company 7 and Atlantic Company No, 18 were particu |