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Pome NEW Y HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT. PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. renee BEPICE BW. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. Forme, cash in advance. THE DAILY HEKALD 2 cents per copy—$7 p THE WEEKLY HERALD every lay, | er copy, or $8 nnum; the European Edition $4 per an to any Creat Britain, and $ to any part of the Sontirent b. clude postage, ORRESPONDENCE, contai: WLY MEQUESTED TO AGKA SENT US. s 3 § Sudveriptions or with adver- by, {mall ferystage will be deducted from Wedo nous communications, Velume X7X... AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Onasr BROADWAY THEA’ Broadway—Tuer GLaviaTroR— Domixique THE Possessm®. BURTON'S THEATR Or—Wuiiam Tert—P. NATIONAL THEATRE ming—Uncie Tom's Ca WALLACK’S THPATRE, Brondway—Grannraturn Wrirrvean-Prison axd Parace~ Kinz on Cure. , Chatham street—Aftornoon and AMERICAN MUSEUM~Aftornoon and Evoning—Tur | Barweny. BROADWAY MENAGERIE—Litzrrvrran Kixo—Mam- worn Lavy An Living TRAINED ANIMALS. CURISTY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brond- Way—Eruiortan Mexovixs py Cumisry’s Mineraxs. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Mingtrol Hall, 444 Brosd- Woy—Ermorian Minsrkevsy. BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOV upv'e Brinorean Orraa TROv? ST. NICHOLAS EXHIBITION ROOM, 495 Brondway— Campnen. MixstTReLs 1x THEIR Nucko Exrenraiments, 539 Broadway—Bvox- BANVALD'S GEORAMA, 596 Broadway—Panonama oF yur tory Lax. RHENISH GALLERY 3 Brondway—Day and Night. BRYAN CALLERY OF CHRISTIAN ART—Si3 Broad- way. WHOLE WORLD—977 and 379 Broadway—Afternoon and Evening. SIGNOK BLITZ— Oprox, Williamsburg. New York, Saturday, April 3, 1854. Direutation of the Dally Herald for the last Week. Wednesday Phursday, Friday, Saturday, Mails for Europe, THE NEW YORK NERALD—EDITION FOR EUROPE. The Collins steamship Pacific, Capt. Nye, will leave this port this day at 12 o'clock, for Liverpool. ‘The European mails will close in this city ata quarter to eleven o’clor, shis morning. The Wxusty HERaxp, (printed in Freveh and Eaglish,) will be published at half-past nine o'clock this morning. SingJe copies, in wrappers, sixpenee. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Mew York Hxnap will be received at the following places én Europe — Tavexvoo!.,. John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street Bonvon.,.. Fdwards, Sendford & Co., No 17 Cornhill. Win. Thomas & Co., No. 19 Catherine street. ingston, Wells & Co., 8 Place de la Bourse. Paria...... We de Paria, Rue de ky Banque, Paris, ts no longer connected with the Wew Yous Henarp, either as correspondent or agent. Messrs. I ton & Wells, § Place de-la Bourse, are our only «gents in Paris, both for advertisements and ~ubserip tions The News. All doubt with vegard to the policy of Governor Sgymour respecting the prohibitory Liquor Dill, has at length been removed by the promulgation ‘of his veto message, which, owing to an accident on the Hudson River Railroad, we regret to be unable to furnish in detail this morning. The Governor, it ap- pears, uses strong legal arguments against the con- Stitutionality of the measure, prin ground of its pro! authorizes unreasonable search, and the confiscation and destruction of liquor without resort to due process cf | In short, he considers that the ac of temperance to make it a la v, despite this veto, by a two-thirds vote, or clee t mit the «uibst ly and squarely to the people at the next election. Whe t ter alternative be adopted by special legisis the su ent or not, it is quite certain that et will be the chief test, for or against which the ent parties will unite their forces, at the next canvass. The reception of the veto mes- sage. it will be seen, produced the most intense excitement in both b hes of the Legislature. Motions upon motions, and appeals upon appeals, were moved in the Senate, but they amounted to nothing. In the Assembly consent was asked to move that the Select Committee on the Temperance Dill of that body report it complete; but the motion failed for want of a two-third vote; indeed, it was found that only fifty-six—not'one-half the members— ‘were in favor of it. Albany is reported to have deer e with excited multitudes last evening. Bontire re burning in the principal streets, and one buntired vere fired in the afternoon ia response to the veto. The State Senate yi ne bill lay coneurred i Telative te the collect of water tax rates in this tity, a7 the redemption within twenty years of “. This measure will ever h trepidation and excitement among parties in thi claiming pro- itable title. the bills ordered to a third reading by the perty to which they hove not an ind Among Senate was one to suppress lotteries and gift tickets. If pacred and rigidly enforced this act may be the means of checking the numerous gift enterprises— Jotteries under a new name—which have of late be- come so populer. The Assembly refused to take up the Senate resol. Tue ; in on proposing an adjournment till nsequently, BI not probably be honored by the pr lators before the close of the s gto learn that the diflic nridge was amicably ad ht, in a manner satisfac Mr. Preston Cutting josted late on Thi tory and hon made an exp) ative to the affhir inthe House of Representa , yesterday. It is to be hoped that this will be the last instance of bitter personal dis agreemen the halls of Congress we shall ever be called upon to record. During the y -searccly a week has paseed that gi ocenpied time in explaining away and apologising for remarks made by them in the t of deba Considerable time was spent in the Hox sent seasion men have not ee yeater day on a bill to extend the contract for carrying the mails between Montgomery and Mobile, Ala. If Congressmen would forego political speeches for a short time, apd examine into the whole mail system, it would no doubt greatly result to the advantage of the country at la Under the present arrange- ments we scarcely ever receive two mails in sueces- sion at the time they are due. On going into Com- mittee of the Whole on the bill for extending the ef- ficiency of the navy, Mr. Peckham offered an amend- ment to increase the numt of first class steam fri- rates to be built to nine. Ye supported the motion by referring to the recent debate in the Bri ment, in which it was iutimated that ded to renew her old policy of sea hing n els, and would seize as prizes all Russian This e made t Valsh, t of one or more of the Ves ¢ hall be done by contract ame! de havi committee rove and the House pa form that it came trom the Senate. The prospect of the continnance of the war ir Europe has engendered an extraordinary feeling « Bowery—Bavtus—Tux Love | E, Chambers street—Tavino Ir | Fr | Were made. | to mor | the leading Powers engaged in the Eastern war. | speectation among certain deaters in this city. We understand ths <3 alrcady been quite a movement in Nussien goods in this market, and in ticles similar to these produced by Russia. We Jeystand that one party has purchased all the Rus article, being im extensive use among bookbinders has caused a inateriai evhanc ment in value. Tal- low has also advance, and 50,000 Ibs. were said to have been sold yesterday at 12 cents per }b., which was an advance of jc. per Ib. American dew sotted hemp ranged, in quotations, at from $195 a $295 per ton, and was pretty largely held for still higher prices. There isa large demand in the United States, for Russia sheet iron, used in the manufacture of stoves and pipes. (mporte:s of this article are also looking out for higher prices, Th’s speculative | movement, however, is attended with great danger. Should the Czar suddenly die or make peace, it will result in heavy losses instead of profit—and, even should the war cont nue, the speculation will not be unattended with risk, as a serious derangement and pressure in the money market might roll back quo- tations to a point below that at waich purchases ‘the t- egraphie a*vices of the European intelli- gence brought by the steamship Canada contained the chief points of the news possessing a political or commercial interest. We, however, give some interesting extiacts from the foreign papers re- ceived last evening, which will enable our readers clearly understand the latest position of The letter from our Paris correspondent will also be found highly entertaining. The United States Senate suspended the considera tion of the special order—the private calendar—yes- terday, and took up the Deficiency Appropriation bill, which was passed after the adoption of various amend- ments. Among the additions is one granting a quarter million of dollars fora site for the San Fran- cisco Custom House, and others appropriating $124,000 for different marine hospitals in the South and West; also, an amendment to pay Mr. Weight- man for mileage from New Mexico, he having come on in 1850 for the purpose of taking a seat in the House as delegate from that Territory. Prior to agrecing to the last named item, quite aninteresting debate sprang up with regard io the old allegations that General Taylor’s admi terfered in Territorial affairs, and endeavored to pre- vail on California and New Mexico to form State governments. Ex-Secretary Clayton emphatically de- nied the charge. A motion to print twenty-three thousand extra copies of the report of the Claim Commissioners on the Gardner and other frauds was adopted. Both houses of Congress adjourned till Mond By the arvival of the steamship Curlew at this port, we have received advices of a later date from Bermuda, Turk’s Island, and the West Indies, with a letter from our Hamilton correspondent, which will be found in another column. Another serious accident, the second this week, occurred to the down train from Albany, on the Hudson River Railroad, last evening. The locomo- tive ran upon and was badly damaged by a rock, about two miles above Tivoli, So far as we have been able to ascertain the fireman was the only per- son seriously injured. We annex tables showing the number, tonnage, nationality and descriptiow of vessels that arrived at this port during the month ending yesterday, to- gether with the number of passengers brought by the same from the several countries designated:— No. Tonnoge. Nationality 20 43,479 of’ vessels. No. Tonnage. United States.179 81,695, Great Britain. 57 14,334 Bremen .. 2 706 Hamburg . French. 101,758 Swedish. brought. i Russian, Chilian | Hote noe 18 eeee 1,049 Total 517 According to the manifests of the different vessels, $3,081,544 in California gold dust arrived at this port during the month of March. The storm last evening materially interfered with the working of the telegraphic wires. Operators found it particularly difficult to procure the Con- gressional and other reports from the South. Besides a variety of other interesting matter, to which we cannot aford space to refer particularly, ‘to-day’s columns contain a carefully prepared table exhibiting the politics of ‘the different journals in our exchange list, including their views with regard to the Nebraska question and their feelings towards the administration; also, intelligence from Mexico and ihe Mesilla Valley; Letters from Washington; Communication concerning the Cuban Copper Mines, &c.; the whole forming one of the most va- d interesting papers ever issued from the The Gadsden Treaty—A Contemplated Bur glary on the United States Treasury. The Gadsden treaty is still before the Se- nate. The delay which marks its passage and the doubt overhanging its fate, afford a fair in- dication of the degree of corruption which per- vades the capital of the United States. What does the treaty propose? Nothing less thanan open and flagrant burglary upon the United States treasury, with a view to carry off twenty millions of dollars! Nothing less than an im- pudent diplomatic felony, purposing to ab- stract from the public coffers a sum of twenty millions of dollars that were raised by the peo- ple for the support of our government, our army and our navy, and not for the ambitious views of a foreign usurper and a‘venturer, nor for the destruction of popular rights in the neighboring republic. For this atrocious at- tempt to rob the treasury of the United States, Mr. Pierce and his administration must be held responsible. They are clearly following in the wake of the policy which was inaugurated in this country twenty years ago under the Presi- deney of Martin Van Buren. In 1836, Martin Van Buren of New York, the author of the spoils system in this country, was clected President of the United States. ‘There was at that time in the public treasury a surplus of twenty-cight millions of dollars. By a singular coineidence, there is at the pre- sent time a similar surplus, In 1837, Martin Van Buren entered the White House, There tway throughout the country a tremendous uproar about.the ofiices of State, h were corruptly appropriated on the Fresh inroads on the trea- sury followed this temporary gratification of the appetite of politicians, and in the space of three years, the whole surplus was swallowed up, The defaleations of the officers of the treasury and others alone amounted during these three 0 the enormons sum of five or six mil- lollars. The whole twenty-cight mil- were in fact filched from the Treasury vaults, distributed among the States, and idly Not a vestige of the surplus re- ee of Martin Van Buren’s Presider The terrible era of corr tion which he had set on foot led neces: y 1 revolution of 1840, Harris y eleoted, and the ind n people sytem. lions jored. rian. on Wa voice ignant Americ howed how de that to 1 with com ion the ¢ ome extra ¢ by the Mexican 1 did not show falphin claim t robbery and fe openly till the puder ia leather that he eonld lay hands upon. This | ration improperly in- | astonished the country during the first year of relation in life, or | General Taylor’s administration, and when his Cabinet stood at the zenith of power. The amount of that robbery was a mere bagatelle— | one Landred thousand dollars—but it produced ‘ such a revulsion t’ rougbout the country that old General Taylor resolved to remove his Cabinet, and was only prevented from doing so by his sudden death, The next piece of public corruption that came to light at Washington | was that which was brought to so tragic an end by the suicide of Dr. Gardner. He, and others who had embarked in similor robberies at the saine time, expected to reap an aggre- | gate reward of from half a million to a million of dollars, These schemes were brought to maturity under the administration of Millard Fillmore. To his honor be it said that he was himself the prime a ent who brought them to light, and cisclosed the names of the guilty conspirators to an indignant community. Had Mr. Fillmore’s administration lasted eighteen months longer, the discovery of the Gardner fraud would have destroyed it, as that of the Galphin fraud would have destroyed the ad- ministration of Zachary Taylor, had his death not anticipat:d it. What do we now see at Washington? A | scheme deliberately concocted by persons con- ; nected more or less intimately with the execu- tive, under the name of a treaty with Santa ; Anna of Mexico, for the purpose of robbing the | United States Treasury, not of one hundred | thousand or even half s million of dollars, but of an amount which vies with and surpasses the defaleations and frauds of the Van Buren dy- nasty. A scheme to absorb the whole of our | surplus revenue which we require for number- less ob.ects, in a project for setting up a usur- per in Mexico, and protecting him from the revolutionary. schemes by which he is now as- sailed. We see it stated in the Washington cor- respondence of :everal ‘ournals that out of the twenty millions of dollars which Santa Annt | expects to filch from our treasury, five millions are to he appropriated to the payment of certain Mexican claims, about which no one has any reliable information; and other five, we are well assured, will go to recompense the lobby at Washington for their indefatigable exertions in carrying the project through the Senate. The administratian organ at Washington has been for weeks taking great credit ‘to it; masters for the alleged honesty and integrity of Mr. Pierce in putting Cown with. unflinching hand every- thing in te shape of Galphinismor Gardner- ism. What hypocrisy! Whatimpudence! At the very moment the organ is endeavoring to claim glory fer the administration on the ground ofits honesty, we see it straining every nerve to plunder the United States treasury of a sum no less than twenty millions of dollars, under the barefaced pretext of a foreign treaty. At the very time the organ is sounding the praises of Mr. Pierce for his striking upright- ness, he and his Cabinet are spending all their strength in attempts to carry a project by which twenty millions of dollars will be stolen from the treasury and applied to all sorts of im- proper purposes ané improper objects. We ore in the first stage of as corrupt, as imbecile an administration as that which mark- ed the Presidency of Martin Van Buren, and called forth the indignant revolution by which the people elected Harrison in 1840! The Governor’s Veto of the Liquor Law. ‘The Governor of this State, having used the veto prerogative upon the bill recently intro- duced into the Assembly having for its object, the enactment of a prohibitory liquor law, the matter appears in altogether a new light. It places the whole question of whether or not we shall have a probibitory law, di- rectly before the people. The Legislature will bave nothing more to say upon the subject. The question is one of the highest consequence, and many right-minded citizens will consider its settlement paramount over every thing else in politics. The people of the State will turn aside from all the other politi- cal questions of the day. The various national questions now agitating Congress, such as the Nebraska bill, may float about during the ap- proaching agitation; but the principal izsue and the great contest will spring out of the bill just vetoed by Governor Seymour; and there can be no doubt that the organizations of the old parties, and the various factions of them, will be smashed, and that there will be, toa greater or less extent, a new division of parties on this important issue. Hitherto, the history of the contest upon the temperance question has been a story of dodg- ing on one side and skulking on fhe other, by the politicians of the old parties. They have temporized and traded between the radical men on both sides; and whether the temperance men trusted to the whigs or the democrats, the word of promise was kept to the ear, but broken to the hope. The ultra teetotal excitement has beén a tool in the hands of broken down poli- ticians; and under the mask of morality and temperance they have long been struggling to obiain importance and power in most of the Northern and Northwestern States. The lead- ers of the two old factions have endeavored to keep on good terms with those at the head of this movement, and have granted them conces- sions in order to facilitate the accomplishment of their own ends. So it has been a game of trickery aud chicanery on both sides. We have had all sorts of laws; but. care has been taken ihat plenty of bad rum should be sold—in fact. it is a great power in elections, particularly in this city. A common dodge—and it has been tried in other States as well as New York—has been to make a“ good strong law,” and then entrust its execution to officials who depended upon rum alone for their posts. Of course these gentlemen would be glad to exe- eute the low, and assist in hewing down the bridge which had carried them safely over, But they did not do anything of the sort. All these dodges and skulks must now be set aside, and the question must be met and decided by the people. Tt is highly probable that the document from the Governor, in which he states his easons for his use of the veto power upon this bill, is based on an el\borate legal and constitutional view of the question, touch- ing the right of a legislative body to impose moral restriction’ upon the people, by invad- ing their domiciles and enacting laws which trespass upon the rights of social existence. ‘The question presented by the Governor at this time‘ is one of great and inerea. ing magnitude in this country. Itis a question, between con- stitutional and legislative rights on one side, and the moral and social rights of the people No party, no man, no person in any station in life, no matter what their parti- cular opinions upon this bill may be, can ques- tion the morality of temperance in eating and drinking, the advantage of temperange in every on the other, | the ex-ambassadress “ wonder how Mrs. | able to say “There is my picture—I must have the necessity of temperance of society and among all classes of pe ple. But the great difference of opinion is as to the means best adapted for the advancement of practical temperance in social "life—whether or not the yreat and inalienable personal rights of citizony and their families are to beinvaded and r.nere] void, in order toco- erce submission to a question of dubious consti- tutionality founded upon a-doubtful theory re- specting the habits of the people in any part of the country. If the Legisbature can vender nugatory any one of these rights, they may extend the same power to all of them; and as the Legislature is a body with Mmited powers, it s¢ems wrong that they should make advances’ toward the grasping of power with- out limit. All these grea! questions—moral, constitu- tional, legislative, and social—will be fally and amply lrought befoge a great tribunal of two millions of people, between this time and the State election in November; and both parties will, no doubt, all to their assistance. every means of power, a:.devery talent, that may aid in shedding light upon either side of the ques- tion. Governor Seyi our, by this bold, decided, and moral act, as we call it, throws himself upon the people of New York, and will be taken up by the party of freedom and social rights ; he will receive their support and their aid during the coming election, for his continuance in his present place. On the other hand, the opposition party, consisting of all the odds; ends, fanaticism, and other isms, hypocrisy, and cant, within our borders, will endeavor to unite and impose upon this State ena¢tments entirely at variance with the laws of social liberty, which last are grounded upon the dear- est principles bequeathed to us by our fathers. The tocsin will soon be sounded, and it be- hooves every good citizen to examine the whole matter carefully, decide under which banner he will serve, buckle on his armor, and prepare for the great battle. Tue Five Arts in Amertca.—When we speak of the fine arts in America we refer more par- ticularly to painting, as we have but few sculp- tors of repute. Indeed, with the exception of Powers, Crawford and Ball Hughes, we can re- member but few whose chisels have carved their names on the immortal edifice founded by Phi- dias, Praxiteles and Lysippus. The art of painting deserves more patronage, or at least more appreciation than falls to its lot in Amer- ica. Even in New York—the centre of wealth, learning, prosperity, refinement and commerce— the artist receives but little encouragement. He paints a landscape, a marine view, a histori- cal picture, or works up an exquisite bit of still life. He knows it is good, and he holds it at a price which will remunerate him for his labor, and nobody buys it. A member of the codfish aristocracy, whose daughter saysit is “‘pretty,’’ offers twenty-five dollars for it perhaps, which the artist refuses. By-and-by poverty knocks at the door, and the favorite pictare—the com- panion of the artist’s solitary hours, the inani- mate canvass seeming to laugh and weep as he felt alternately merry or desponding—goes out of the window, is put up at auction, and is knockei down for five collars over the cost of the frame! With all this in view—and every body knows it is true—the cry is raised that there are no ar- tists in America. If the Fifth avenue connois- seurs will buy the pictures we are ready to guarantee that tho artists wil! soon appear. That there are a few landscape and portrait painters of marked merit in this city we are ready to admit when we remember the produc- tions of Doughty, Kensett, Hicks and Elliott. But we also believe that there is much rising talent which needs only a little encouragement to bring it out in full strength. Now an un- known artist—no matter how good he may be— has about as fair a prospect of being rewarded for his labor as has General Pierce for the “ suc- cession in 1856.” The codfish aristocracy, who can afford to indulge in the luxury of picture galleries, are governed altogether by names. One can hear them say ina gallery, “ That’s a sweet landscape—who did it?” “Oh! No. 1o— Jones.” “ Who's Jones ?” Nobody knows Jones ; but Smith, whose connections live up town, painis indifferent pictures and “takes his ease at his inn’ while the meritorious Jones starves in a garret and pawns his work to buy bread for his children. Artists are not honored here as they are abroad. Their parvenu patrons “ snub” them, and sometimes openly insult them. The wife of a gentleman who recently represented us at the Court of Saint James has a collection of pictures. A lady artist, desiring to s2e them, waited on the female diplomat after her return from England with a letter of introduction, and modestly requested permission to view the pic- tures. She received a sharp refusal, and heard inevery condition could send such people” to her, And this is often the case. Itis true that some artists are so much for it or no sale.” But these are the favored few. Now men of talent must throw it away on portraits—making clowns appear hand- some and country girls look brilliant and grace- ful. Bread and butter must be had, and it can only be obtained in this way. People will not pay anything like the worth of landscapes un- less they come froma distinguished hand. Per- haps this may acconnt for the hundreds of “ por- traits of gentlemen” which appear every season on the walls of the National Academy. Some of them deserve the highest praise, We donot know that we have any plan to suggest for the remedy of all this. A combina- tion of artists and a free gallery may improve the artists; but the artists are already far in advance of thore to whom they look for sup- port. Perhaps the taste of the public may be- come refined: but it is a slow process. The artists must wait. for a long while yet. The Art Union swindle caused a movement against them which will not be overcome in years. Let them be cautious hereafter when requested to lend their aid to any similar scheme ; and they should be careful to examine it and its origina- tor with the closest scrutiny. Meanwhile, as commerce enriches the people, their minds will be refined—the true artist will be distinguished from the copyist, the imitator and the qnack— the first will receive his reward, and the second will not be obliged to vait'a long time for his punishment. Tue Pick ann cre +ARt racy.—The last Pick hos a curious and £0: at funny cor- respondence addressed by Mr. Demonet, one of the hairdressers of the Western Hotel, to Col. Herman Thorn, the celebrated millionaire, re- | to have been charmed by his performances. | ers presented him, before his departure, with a tastefully lative to the proper definition and meaning | of the words “lady” and “gentleman,” It is a sort of first lesson in Yankee politeness, op- pored to the imported article, Tur Post Orrice—Irs Lazor, REVENUE, AND Panstmony.—The business of our Post Office in- creases with the growth of our population, and while the people naturally look for at least a proportionate facility in the arrangements as to delivery of letters, they are but sadly disap- pointed. It appears that, notwithstanding the vast amount of labor recounted in the report of the Postmaster General himself, that function. ary has thought fit to dismiss a number of clerks from the New York Post Office, and re- duce the salaries of those that were retained. A few days since we observed an unnsually large assemblage of persons at the Post Office, and on inquiry ascertained that it was what was termed “an advertising day” for German let- ters, and that the list, containing over sixteen hundred letters—nearly foifr times the usual amount—should have been out on Tuesday, but in consequence of a want of sufficient force was deferred until Wednesday. This caused a sad confusion in Friday’s list of letters, as it brought the two lists co close, and but two per- sons to attend to their delivery and check them off the books as they were given out. It occurred to us that under such an appearance of things the time was ill chosen for a teduction of clerks in an establishmant of such a populous | and great commercial city, and how mean the | policy that dictated the curtailment of the | miserable stipend of those who were retained. We understand that the clerks attend from half-past five o’clock in the morning until four i in the afternoon; two eveningsin the week they | are on duty until half-past six o’clock, and some of them until nine or ten at night, They are miserably paid for this labor, their salaries ranging from $600 to perhaps $1,000 or $1,200, whilst the amount’ of value passing through their hands is almost incalculable. When rents are so enormous and provisions | of every description so high that our humblest mechanic has demanded $2 per day, and has had a universal acquiescence in the justness of his expectations, is it. reasonable to expect | clerks educated for intellectual offices, requir- ing the aptness and amenities of gentlemen, and performing the duties of a very responsible and trustworthy po°ition—is it reasonable, we ask, that they should labor twelve or fifteen hours a day for about as many dollars a week ? When the present Postmaster of New York, (Mr. Fowler,) came into office, and saw the mul- tiplicity of business transacted—the increase of all descriptions of mail matter, especially the transmission of pamphlets and bound volumes, and the immensely augmented amount of Euro- pean and California letters—he very wisely called in additional aid. But the parsimony of a higher functionary has now ordered a reduc- tion of the assistants, and a curtailment of the salary of those who are retained; so that a man of family, endeavoring to rear his children to become respectable and worthy members of society; who had here- tofore eight or nine hundred dollars a-year, finds himself in 1854 compelled to pay one hun- dred dollars a-year more rent than he did in 52, and provisions increased nearly one-third per | cent, whilst Mr. Postmaster-General Campbell issues his edict to reduce his salary $150— thus making the stipend of the poor clerk to- day virtually $300 or $350 less than it was twelve months ago. Why did Mr. Campbell, if | actuated by a desire to increase the revenue, not strike at. higher game? We find by his own report that the expenditure of the whole Post Office Department during the last year amount- ed to nearly eight millions of dollars, of which the “high ofticials” received about two millions, whilst the working men were paid only about half a million. The Post Office revenue, we are aware, falls short of the expenditure by more than two millions of dollars; but it is not by such miserable cheeseparing of salaries and grind- ing of subordinates that it is to be rectified; nor does the country look to the Post Office as an establishment of revenuc ; it is a public accom- modation, whose benefits to mankind, by the transmission of news, end the interchange of sentiments between remote friends, far out- weigh pecuniary consideration to any govern- ment whose resources of legitimate taxation are ample, The amount of labor and the immense re- sponsibility on the clerks of the Post Office of New York may be judged of by the fact, that in one quarter not less than seven million let- ters have passed through the hands of the em- ployés. There are from seventy to cighty thou- sand lettersa day to arrange, mark, and dis- tribute, upon the punctual and speedy delivery of which so much depends; and yet the estab- lishment is crippled in all its resources. Inthe last year there has been an increase of one mil- lion letters over the former year, and a still further increase must be annually expected with the growth of our city. The public, therefore, are entitled to postal accommodation, and the Post Office of New York must have a sufficiency of clerks, with a commensurate compensation. If there were an adequate number of employés, the foreign mails need not be closed so early, the deliver- sies would be more rapid, and we would not see Jong rows of strangers standjng in the passages and waiting with virtyous patience for their turn at the same window which delivers and receives letters. We expect that the merchants of New York will have to memorialize the gov- ernment on the subject if Mr. Campbell does not countermand the order that has been lately put into force. “Comma Evexts Cast truer Saanows Br- rorE.’’—In the latter part of the year 1836, and the beginning of 1837, occurred the singu- lar fact in the commercial history of the coun- try, of flour, then ranging from ten to twelve dollars per barrel, being actually imported from Liverpool to New York, where it had been pre- viously exported from New York to Liverpool. This strange event was a symptom of the dis- turbing elements then at work in the commer- cial world, and which resulted in the terrible explosion that convulsed the country in May, 1837, This explosion caused many thousands of bankrupicies and debts, which amounted to more than five hundred millions of dollars, all of which were wiped off by the application of the bankrupt law. . ii “Coming events cast their shadows before.” Flour is now sold at very high prices; and we find that it returns from California, after having been sent there from New York. The disturbance and confusion in the state of trade at present developed, ought to throw out a warning to all business men to take very good care of themeelves and their business for the next year or two. —Our telonted young friend Paul Julien ed from Hayana, where lovers of music seem | Tis admir. | worked golden crown of bay leaves and laurel, bearing the fe i (A Paut Jerme—sus admi- votoree ene de Marzo, de 1854.’ We believe that the youthfal violinist purpores giving a concert here before be leayen for Burope, » Brxcuer anv Barsum.—Barnum’s mor religious establishment in this city—under name of museum—has now encoyntered a gi rival in an equally moral and religious the: and museum at Brooklyn, conducted by: celebrated Beecher, and generally called church, Barnum, however, has his mu open every day and evening during the and Beecher supplies the deficiency on the S bath. Great numbers of persons go over Brooklyn to hear and see Beecher’s moral, ligious, literary, abolitionist, philosophid ismatical performance; and they think that tH get more than the price of ferriage is wo We expect, however, that Beecher scon come to this city, and then he be able to beat Barnum out of the ficld gether. Rueurs or Jewish CrnvExS ABROAD.—A petition isn circulation among our Jewish population, asking th tention of government to the state of their brethren fellow citizens who are obliged by business engagem or other causes, to be absent in foreign lands. The tioners sct forth that these, when absent, are in m | Stances deprived of some of their civil and religious while the citizens and subjects of the lands thus intol enjoy under our laws equal privileges with our citi ‘They pray, therefore, that something may be done to] cure a reciprocity in this Matter. In reply to a com} nication on the subject, sent to Gen. Cass by Mr. Jon Levy, a member of the committee who bave the m in hand, the following has been received :-— 2 Wasttxaron, Feb. 28, 185 Dear SiR—I have received your letter, and I must expressed myself very badly if I conveyed tho idea in remarks the other day uhat the eilorts of the governn] to yrocure the rights of religious worship for our zens abroad, should be confined to those of the Christ faith; far from it. Idesire to procure those rights ff Catholic in a Protestant, and for a Protestant in a Cat lic country, and for a Jew in all countries: and such| the views that I shall express when I come to make| remarks upon the subject. Should our fellow-citizen your faith think it best for them to take part in thisg movement, it would atlord me pleasure to present an: titions they might entrust me with, I vannot.ad you, but certainly I cannot see the shadow of an ot -tion in quch a cause. Iam, dear sir, respectfully yo! Jonas P. Lavy, Esq., New York. eye oe The committee appear to have been active, anda large number of signatures have already been roceii Copies of the memorial have been industriously of lated throughout the country. In a circular accomp ing the latter the committee state that early atten| should be given to it, as none can venture to pre how soon this matter may again come under diseu and recommend the direct transmission of the peti with as many signatures as can be obtained, to the S tors of the native State of each recipient. Marine Affairs. ‘Tur Sizamemp Pactric, Capt. Nye, leaves at noon to forLiverpool. She had 150 passengers engaged yester ‘The frigate Columbia was at St. Croix March 8, from Thomas. New York University—Junior Exhibition The exhibition of the Junior class of the New ¥ University was held yesterday morning at the Unive Building. Perhaps in consequence of the inauspic state of the weather, the number of spcetators was q limited. The Chancellor, Rev. Dr. Ferris, presided, and on platform we observed Dr. Webster, President of the Academy, and Dr. King, of Columbia College. Rev. Dr. Ferris opened the exercises with prayer, which the proceedings of the day were gone through in the following order:— 1. Modern Fonigration spoken by C. Dewitt Bri 2. Home Influence—Elbert B. Monroe. 3. Romance of ¥celing—Gouverneur Carr. 4. Influence of the Drama—amuel Carlile. 5. The Sunshine of Love—Henry N. Fisher. 6. Influences of Citics—Asa S. Lathrop. 7. The Apostle Paul, the Christian Hero—Irvin, Campbell. 8. The Pacific Railway—Eaward J. Owon. 9. Gustavas Adolphus,the Champion of Protestant Edward Robinson. It will be seen that the subjects of the foregoing tions 6 nore of novelty than are usually sele such occasions, and their askivary var generally effec! At the conclusion of the proceedings the Webster pi was awarded, and the honors bestowed upon the respec| classes. An execilent band was in attendance, and entertainment passed off to the satisfaction of all pre: dem City Polttcs. YOUNG MEN'S DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CLUB. The regular semi-monthly meeting of the mem) this Club was held last evening at their rooms, yesont Institute—C. Godfrey Gunther in the chair. After the election of several mémbers had place, Mr. Brxsawin Hoyt said he hoped some one sent was prepared to offer a series of resolutions tou ing upon the Black Warrior outrage, and the crusl out system of the administration in the Custom Hoy If there were uo such resolutions ready, he hoped Jul Morton would address them. a Judge Morton then came forward and made ash speoch, referring to the recent outrage of the Cul authorities in scizing the steamship’ Black Warrios Havana, and to the recent decapitations made in the d tom Honse upen ail who would not bow down to principles that governed the weak adminisiration. regretted exocedingly that President Pierce had into such bad hands at Washington, and was certain the country would be Fo disgusted with his conduct when the day came for his return home to New Haq shire there would not be one friend to accompany h except, perhaps, Sidney Webster. Mr. Howr then moved that a committee of three be Folned to express ihe sense of the clab on the. Bl Vsirior outrage, and the feeblegonduct of the admi tration with regard to the cra: out in the Co House, and on the manly conduct of Francis B. Cutti was not tobe bultied by who hadwhown the North South, and is as ready to resent an insult as to ay| giving one. (Agreed to.) A cemmittee was then aj for a few moments, ret: and read a serics of resd tions referring to the recent decapitations in the Cus House, avowing that the acts of the administrat! merited their pest execration, in turning out th men from office who would not bend the ki toB men in every attribute equal to those who composed administration. ‘They ‘also referred to the Black Wat ontroge as one that called for prompt and enorgetic tion on behalf of the government, which was more th expected, and that they awaited with anxiety to h that the honor of our flag had been vindicated. TH leo upheld Mr. Cutting in his course upon tie Nebra bill, when moving to refer it to the C>mmittee of Whole on the State of the Union. The meeting tH adjourned, ‘ who, after retir] An Expert Swindier. . THE CONFIDENCE MAN OUTDONE—HIS FINAL C. TURE BY THE POLICE—EXTRAORDINARY OPE TIONS, ETC. We have often heard the remark made, ‘‘that a stq may do for the marines that would not be credited by 4 sailors;’’ and in the case we are abont to relate, it be shown very evidently that not only have the mariq been duped, buts marine has duped many others have been simple enough to place confidence in his stot It will be recollected that about a year ago, a Germ girl in the employ of a foreign consul residing in Bostd married a young Irishman, who advised her during « bsence of her employers, torob the premises. She q so, and, assisted by him, came to New York. Soon they were arrested by officer Mansfield, of this ox who recovered the greater part of the stolen prope: ‘ihe husband, who called himself Williama, was sub <uently sentenced by the Court to six months imprisd ment in the penitentiary on Blackwell's Island. wife was taken back to Boston, and there veceived, order of the Court, upwards of a year’s imprisonme At the expiration of Williams’ sentence he commit! fome depredations, and, to prevent the polico from fiq ing his whereabouts, he soon afier enlisted in the mai corps, on board the United States ship North Carolif under the fictitious name of Charles Walter Bro representing bimeelf at the time to be the son of Brown, of Point Isabella. The fellow possessing pley of impudence, and (uent in speech, andan excellent p man, gave Lim much the advantage over tho privat and he was in a short time after his enlistment promo tothe rank of corporal, predicated, of course, on the fe of his being the son of Major Brown. fome diffic 4 one day between himself and the Lieuten poet yg disobedience of orders, which caused 4 Lieutenant to reduce him again to the ranks. No soon was this done than our hero addressed a letter to B Generol A. Henderson, of the Marine Corpa at Waghid ton, giving his version of the affair, representing to General that he was the son of Major Brown. ‘The @ eral, it ecems, took it for geanted that he waa the pei represented, and accordingly sent word to Capt. Broo| comiwanding, requesting thet Mr. Brown should be once reinstated to the rank of Corporal, at the sai time censuring the conduct of the Lieutenant; and| addition to this order, which occurred on the 10ti Mareh, the General requested that Brown be detac from the ship, and report luimaelf to him at Washiq ton, on the Iti inst. Inaccordance with this order, Brown on the follow: day left tho ship with orders to report himself at quarters, at Washington, aad waa supplied with mont that purpose. Instead of proce to Washington, divested himeelf of his uniform mek stowes it away b sailor boarding house in Water strect,.and deci} himeelf in a handsome suit of citizen’s clothi# He now assumed the name of Captain Wi representing himself to be commander of thi cules, lving at this port. Under this title he