The New York Herald Newspaper, February 12, 1854, Page 3

—! whish was thetr first intention. rtead of in Lancashire, of courte, been ia some de- devisiea they ha aa indineneed by Sie war now waging against sapitel on the part of the operatives in 1 ire. Bat perhaps it ts not the orly motive. If the price of operative labor De higher io America than it is io England, itis chosper ‘on the continent; house rent ts also eheaper; and the Siillowners have'st last found out that they are bur'ened with so income tax js tax alone must gire a decided acvantege to American ani oontinen- tal manufrotures Ecgiish. Heneo heavy taxation ought not to be disregarded as one of the causes which must aid the competition to which the manufse- turers of Ecgland are exposed. But with prudence and a Detter sense of _ Gly om the Part ot tie ops- ratives, Ecgland may evjoy for many years to coms a prospérous cotton trate. We would, however, have all 8, and especi«ily our statesmen and siators, apacdon pod = thought oes the oo 'y ean, without of ri or com jom, perpetuate * mo- nopoly im the trace. In war it has been often found « fatal error to hold your enemy too cheap; frém what took Jace at the meeting to w! we have been referring it evident that the mill owners of [azcashire are not in- clined to commit this mistake. Toey appear fully to ap. te the competition which awaits them, and the ger with which their business ia threatened. This is commendable—it is prudent, and we feel assured that there is safety in s Destruction of Steamboats at St. Louls. HE 108 MOVING IM THE MISSISSIPPI—THRBE STHAM- BOATS DPSTROYED AND FIVE SERIOUSLY DAMAGED INTENSE BXCITEMENT— LOSS $120,000. [From the St Louis Inteliigeneer Feb 3 We record two-day one of ‘the most tive. steamboat disasters which bry happened ‘Spon. oe Western watera for years, and iu property to the Bio ol SOM to on oad not come unexpectedly to us, exposed si of the boata mek and injured having been noticed on mere than one occasion im the colamns of the Intelligencer. Nor shall we be surprised if the ice cause the loss of more of this description of property, as @ igs of boats are fully as much ex- d ag those destroyed. Pete steamers Irouton, G. W. Sparhawk, Asia, St. Ange, F. X. Aubrey, Elvira, Excel, aad Garden City, have been lying up since the close of navigation in the vicinity of the Marine Railway Docks. All of them. excepticg the Ironton and 8) wk, are lying be- tween the docks and O'Fallon street,and just above the shot tower and sugar refinery. The six last named oceupy about two hundred yards aleng the river bank, and are all clove together excepting the two lowest down, the Garden City and Excel, which are about fifty feet apart. They are lying in the or- der in which we have mentioned them. The Spar hawk is just above the Marine Railway, and the Trenton two hondred yards further up. The bank against which these boats are lying is almost oppo- site the head of Bloody Island, where the river is narrower by one-third than it is above. and of course subjects them to greater ir thereby; it is steep. also, and composed of hard, rocky material, an forms a Kind of promontory or point, corresponding with the bend opposite. The vast gorge of ice opposite our city, extends, unbroken, from Biddle street, for miles ope river, and is of unusual thickness and solidity. We noticed esterday that some of it was from twelve to eighteen Teme thick. Night before last, at about 10 o'clock, the ice began to move down the river, and in to- wards this shore, in a vast unbroken broken body of at extent. The first boats exposed were the [ron- e and G. W. Sparhawk. e former escaped with slight injury. Her guards were smashed in on one side, and she was a little careened. The e to her is very trifling. The Sparhawk had a ho! knocked in her bow, through which the water came in slowly. It was stopped yesterday morning, before she had commenced to seitle toauy extent. She is mill in a very precarious situation, and llable to again spring oak by being jammed severely by the foe. Next came the Asia and St. Ange, the Asia lying outside of the latter. They are firat below the marice railway dock, on whish the Polar Star is now undergoing repairs. The gorge moved but a few yards, but the whole vast body, of miles in extent, gettling into the shore, struck the Asia’s hull, stove 4s in, and smashed her against the St. Ange, and the Bt Ange close it the hard, unylelding bank. The St. Ange’s hull was brokem in, and both boata filled rapidly. The water where the Asia sunk is perhaps twenty feet deep on the outside. She is Row lying & up to the cabin deck on that side, and next to the shore is in twelve feet water. She is & most complete wreck. one side, wheel-houses are smashed in, eunaes overboard, and ebe is twisted and broken very badly. Her hull is cut all to pieces. The Asia’s turaiture anda portion of her upper wood works were yester- @ay being taken ashore. A small portion of her machinery also, such as could be carried Rea ‘was being removed. Her heavy machinery, boilers, &c., are almost entirely submerged, and will be re- moved, if at all, with difficulty. The St. Ange is in litte better condition. Her hall is badly broken up. She ia in five feet of water on ¢ne side— on the other she is run several fect on land. Her furniture, light machinery and wood- work was also being removedon shore. Her en- gines, boilers, &c., can be saved without damage, | acl unless the river rises suddenly and very much. Her hull, hike that of the Asia, is entirely worthless, She is broken in two and twisted out of shape. ‘Doats will, we suppose, be wrecked as fast aa pos- sible. Phe F. X. Anbrey is lying next below the Asis and St. Ange. guaris were torn considerably, and she is careened a great deal. Her damages not exceed $500. Her owners have packed up ber furniture, ready for an emergency. Next came the Elvira. She is badly twisted careened, andrua on shore. Her hull has sustaine no damage, but she has suffered severely otherwise. Her guards forward were smashed and torn le 4 by the Aubrey, and her wheelhouse aud aftergt on the shove side are al] jammed and torn to pieces, | by being crowded upon tae Excel and the shore. Should the river fall; there is it danger of her ing to pieces. She is damaged to an amount not than $2,500 to $3,000. Capt. Dozier has deser- mined not to dismantie her until ehe is certanly lost. She is in a worse fix than any of those whose hulls have not been cut in two. The Exeel lay next. She is close behind the Elvira. | She is also badly careened, and her forward guards, by contact witn the Elvira, are partly torn away. e demage to the Excel will not exceed $500. A barge lying under the Excel’s outer guarda, and between the Excel and Elvira, was completely ~~ demolished; it was worth perhaps $400 800. This is the extent of the damage done Wednesday night. Yesterday morning, at 11 o'clock, the ice below the Excel began to move again, and it soon forced the Garden City against the bank, aad tora a hole into her hull, Bhe commenced settling and filled rapidly. She was lyiog last eveniog with her Jower deck guards four fee; under water on the out- side, and next the shore the hull is entirely ont of water. She is careened over atanangle of twenty degrees from the perpendicular. Her furnitare, ma- chinery, &c., were yesterday being removed. She will be dismantled, as there is no hope of saving her. Her macbinery can all be got out and the boat torn to pieves without much trouble. Besides the damages a mentioned, two barges | were injured about $100 5 The ,work of desti stopped here, for the resent. Every one of tsese boats, and the Hibernia ‘0. 2, jast below, ate in immicent danger, and we eannot venture to say what will be the result. Time ‘will determine that. The severest loss is that of the Garden City. She ‘Was built last winter on the Ohio, and brought out last spring in the Illinois river trade. She was one of the most splendid and magnificent steamers that landed at the St. Louis levee. Sne cost over $40,000. Her owners last week, we understand, were offered $45,000 for her, which they refused. She was owned by Capt. Mills, her clerk, Capt. T. Price, her com- mander, and David Holmes, Esq., of Pittsburg. Capt. Mills’ inierest_was one-fourth, on which he bad en insurance of $7,000 in the Westera office of Pittsburg. Capt. Price and Mr. Holmes owned each | three-eighths. Capt. P. was insured for $10,000 in the Pittsburg offices—$7,000 in the Firemea’s, and | Mr. Holmes is be- ,000 in the Delaware Mutual. ved to be insured for the same amount. ‘Tho Asia was owned by Capt es F, Smith, her commander, and insured fur $3,000 in th Floating Dock Company of this city. He also had @ policy for $3,000 more in anviher St. Louis office, which expired on the 2)th ult. and which he failed to re mew. Tae Asia had just come off the docks, and was valued at $8,000. The St. Ange belonged to Mesers. Lewis & Broe., of this city, Capt. Hannum, her commander, and two ntlemen named Smith and Price, each owning an rest in herof one fourth. Mr. Price was not in- sured. The other gentlemen were insured c pllective- Vr for $5 000—$2,500 of which is ona policy from e Citizens’ Insurauce eer this city. The remaining $2,500 will be a the broken A2tna Company of Utica,N. ¥Y. We yes terday announced that the St. Apge was contracted for by Mr. Roberta, of Linn Creek, afo., to be deliver- ed when repaired, at $9,000. These are the insurances on the boats lost. We ive the insurance on the remainder, excepting the fronton, which we have uot ascertained, and the Ex. | cel, not insured. the Sparhawk is owned by Capt. Montreville, Green and others. and is insured in Pittsburg offices for $15,000. She is worth perhaps $20,000. The Aubrey is owned by Capt. Reeder and others, and ineored for $16,000. “She is a new boat, worth $25,000 to $30,000. owned by Capt. James Dezier, Son., 4 | She is insured for 315,500. We have thus given the fall particulars of this dis- astrous calamity and believe they are correct through- ont. No lives were lost. The furniture, light ma- chinery, &¢ , of the three boats being dismantled, was yesterday veing hauled down int) the city as fast as removed. ‘The Icern’ strike et ° still continasa, se ecrdine to the latest iateligenes, (Fabeaary 9) ‘Ten miners bad gone to work at the old prises, but the majo- riv= 1 firm, Oxly 8°0 tone of ooa! wore forward: 0G inet ween, . Her cabin has fallen in on | Bota | Her hull was not. damaged. Her | joss, as it wastaken in | AFFAIRS AT THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. Our Washington Correspondence. Wasninetor, Feb. 8, 1854 The War of the Roses—Supplying the Capital with Water—The Gadsden Treaty—The Pacific Railroad, §c., §¢- - The war between the hards and softs from New York is about to break out afresh in the House ef Representatives, as I understand the belligerents on both sides are preparing for the spring campaign, and burnishing thelr arms for the conflict. Mr. Cutting—than whom there is not an abler, an hon- ester, or more sincere member of the House of Rep- resentatives—who led off some time siace on the removal of Collector Bronson from your Custom House, is holding back at present for the purpose of giving his colleagues; Messrs. Wheeler and Walsh, a chancgef opening their batteriea upon their oppo- nents. From what Mr. Cutting has already said and done since he took his seat in that body, although the impreesion he has made is a most favorable one, the House has not had a fair opportunity as yet to judge of his forensic and parliamentary abilities as a lawyer and debater. Like ali new hands at the bel- lows of legislation, particularly in this pandemontum of public plunder, place-hunting and axe-grinding, he is yet but a novice ; but with one of his keen ob- servation, it will not take him long to dive into the depths of corruption, and fathom the motives that lie at the bottom of the movements of those whose vote is in the market for every measure in which large appropriations of the public money form tke central tt of attraction. addressing the House of presentatives, Mr. Cutting must remember he has not a jury of his unrophisticated countrymen before him, who are to be meyerned Py the law and the evi- dente of his case, but by ly of gentlemen who generally know more of the law of self-interest, and who, when the principles of party are mentioned as a guide or rule of conduct for their acts, put the forefinger of the right hand to their nose, and ex- claim “ Pshaw ! Expediency, sir, expediency.” From this end of the avenue the transition to the other is easy and comfortable, aud, what is still bet- ter, harmony on all such subjects reigns supreme. The gigantic scheme cf spending some five or six mi/Hons of dollars upon a “Roman aqueduct,’’ before the city of Rome is built, is one of those visionary prejects which dazzle the eye for a moment, but when properly examined, is found to be fallacious. Such isthe scheme of bringing water to this city from a distance of twelve or thirteen miles, at a cost of not less than ten millions of dollars, if the work can be ever done for that; and even if it could be done for that sum,there is not a practical engineer or architect in the couutry that would guaranty its per- manency for five years on the Veet projected. The Committee of the House of Representatives on the District have been, within a faw days past, on the ground near Georgetown, and not more than two miles from Washington, and so forcibly have they been struck with the natural advantages which it precents for as good a supply of pure wateras the one projected by the military e eer who has lanned the one from the Little Falls, and for one- foarth the cost, besides the advantage also of perfect- ing the work in two instead of ten years, that they intend to recommend to the War Department the adoption of the least costly. I learmalso that Jefferson Davis has been convinced of the superiority of this latter plan over the other, and is now prepared to recommend its adoption. It is to be upon the plan of the Fairmount works at Philadelphia, instead of that of theCroton at New York. Mr. Stanton, of Kentucky, while I am writing, is aseailing the practice of placing military men in po- sitions which should be filled by civilians. The report of the special committee, of which Hon. Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia, is chairman, nner continuing military men at the head of the nited States armories, shows how jealous the people are of the military power; and when this is the case with regard to what would seem to be a part of their proper sphere of action, how much more sensitive ought the public be to that system of military con- trabzation which places all the public works of the country under the control of army engineers! Capitol extension has been cl 1d 80 much for the worse, since the plan was first adopted by President Fillmore, that a radical alteration of the intertor of the whole structure will have to take place. Iastead of the plan proposed by C. B. Cluskey for the hall of the House of Representatives, having windows on three sides of it, so as to give an abundance of light and air, the present constructer, » Meigs, has so altered it as to give but one side having windows, and for the ingress of air has substituted a fan at the apex of the dome. Now, any one at all acquaiated with the eecrares of ventilation knows that fonl air ascends, and if this should be subject to be thrown ik upon the lower stratum of pure atmosphere, by the operation of a fan, as it undoubtedly mill. the re- sults to the health of the members will be injurious. Capt. Meigs, however, I learn, has to retire from the | control of the Capitol extension.” The Gadsden treaty has become a subject of con- siderable interest to a number of gentiemen from } yon city, amopg whom are the Hargous. I also see re Senor Atocha, Santa Anna's especial friend and financier. Whether the latter is here ou hisown | hook, or that of his distinguished friend, the Mext- | can dictator, ia not exactly known, but premme it ia | for both pater. When the commissioner fur set- | thing the claims of our citizens under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, was in session, this gentle- man submitted one of his losses custained during the trouble in that country, previous to the Mexican war, which was not allowed, although two thirds of those that were had not balf the merit that his has to justify a favorable decision of the commissioners. Galphinisem bas a great many offshovt:, besides the one on which Crawford, Ewing aud otiers of that celebrated spoils cabinet ted on at that period. The Hon. Robert J. Walker is to be here in a few Gays. He goes in strong for the Paciiic Railroad through Texas and the Mesilla valley route. ‘Chis route, if adopted by Congress, will join the Opelou- gas road at Alexander, in Louisiana. Whenever you find Mr. Polk’s Secretary of the Treasury here, be as‘ured that stocks are about to take a rise. Al though the land ceded to us by Santa Anna for twenty millions of dollars may not be intrinsically worth that sum for agricultural purposes, it is so for ransit route to California, and as such It is viewed by the Cabinet and Congress, Waoenever we want more land tothe south of it for settlement, there can be no difficulty abou’ it, aswe begin to fiad out now that ths wiole ct Mexico is, and of right, onrs from the days of creation. Filibustering is only a double-refined term for migration, and as the barba Tisn hordes of ancient times practiced the largest liberty in the pursuit of bapviness, why not our polished pioneers do the same in this happy age of progress? Correspor deuce of Other P. [Correspoacenes of the Bul'tacre san.) Wasainton, Feb. 5, 1854. Another special Cabinet meeting was held last ning onthe subject of the Gadsden treaty. The ity will probably be submitted to the Senate with Tropositions for amendments. Itis believed by some thst a messenger has been, or is aboutto be, seat to Mexico, with propositions to Santa Anna for modifi- cations of the treaty. It is quite certain that no de- termination’ has been arrived at aa yet, upon the subject, and it is still held under advisement. During the last week, the great land case of Re- verett’s beirs ve. Buggies, was argued by Mesars. Hug’ A. Garland and Reverdy Johnson for the com- plainants, and the Attorney General and Judge Biob ou the other side. The caée involves titles to lands on the Missis-ispi granted in 1777, by the King of aed the establishment of «trading company by the style of the “Western Company.” Mr. Garland made a decidedly favorable impression upon | bench, upon this his first appearance at that bar. v Wasninoron, Feb. 6, 1854. The Senate, ‘to day, passed a bili in favor of “Bill Newcomb"—now Mrs. Elizabeth Smita, the her sine who, in male attire, enlisted and served in the Mexi- can war. “Bill” is awarded ten months wages, th months extra pay, and 160 acres of land. The pu Unanimously concurs, [Special Correspondence +? the Richmond Raoutrer ] Wasntxaron, Feb. 4, 1854. The large sum of twenty millions of dollars, which Mr. Gadsden has agreed to pay to Mexico, is said to be ty ayn too much for the territory and advan- tages be given for it. This result was shadowed foith in an article in the Loadon T¥mes, some months ago, which favored the sa’e of territory on the grounds that little was to be sold, and that a pertion ef the sum of money would be used to pay the interest on Mexican bonds, which are mostly held in England. Mexico has a debt of about eleven millions o! nds sterling. She agreed with Eng- | lard to pledge one-fourth of her revenue froin cus- | toms, for the payment of the interest on it; but the necessities of Sants Anna have compelled him to | devote a portion of this money, in violation of his | pledge, to other purposes. Hence, as is apparent, the English government and the English Minister in Mexico have been consulted, and have advised her to demand so much money from us. About two mil- lions of dollare, it is said, must be speedily paid to Bagbend for interest. ‘hese Mexican ponds are convertible into lands. It {a well known that some of them have been con- verted into a of lands along the river Gila and ip Sonora. This province hag no doabt been with- held from vale at the suggestion of Englich interests. The English have long Geen wanting a foothold on | the Pacific, and their u:val Sagacity is not wanting | in looking to Sonora, which is said to be a very rich province, and witha fine harber; its location, just | above the wealthiest State of Mexico, whose capital | is Matanzas, would give to England the Pacific trade | | of Mexico and a fair chance for Lower California, j pers. ~— The parties interested in various Americen grants and claims haveshown much skill in having their pesalien interests looked to. Had there negotiations em bad bere in Washington, or any w! else tham in the city of Mexico, those interests would bave not succeeded in getting so large a demand of money. They have made it difficult for Gen. Gade Gen to make a fcoe bargain; uo doubt he made the very best which, atthe time, under the circam- stances, could have been made. It is absolutely certain that the proyét of Mr. Gads- den. withou' material medification, wil not be sent by the President te the Senate. Important chi rye mote, Dae as to Hie aubstence, aon in distinction guage. It may not be necessary for it to go back to Mexico; it understood that Gen. Almonte, the Mexican Minister here, is fally empowered to act in the matter. (Correspoxdence of the Philatelpbis Ledger.) Wasnixeron, Feb. 6, 1854. General Rusk arrived here to-day from Texas. He was expected with some anxiety, having been one of the oppotents of the Nebraska bill at the last ses- sion. He is, however, strongly in favor of the four- teenth section of the bill, (rendering the Missouri line inoperative.) and may yet be induced to waive his scruples and support the bill. Gov. Bell, of Ten- nessee, (one of the old opponents of the Nebraska bill,) has told me in on that he will support it, becanse it contains the proper elause in slayery. There will be some fifwen or twenty ma- jority for the bill. It seems that our diplomatic troubles are not yet atanend. Mr. Daniel, our lately aypointed Ch: to Sardinia, has written a letter home, published in several papers, abusing the Sardinian government in most unmeasured terms, and in language anything but diplomatic. He is susenly desimus of being recalied; but his reasonab’e wishes are not likely to be gratified. His services as editor of the Richmond EL xamixer are no longer required by the present ad- ministration. [Correspcndence of the St. Loute Repndtiran } Wasuineron, Jan. 23, 1854. A bill is about to be reported from the Committee on Territories, which is of some interest to mer- chants in St, Louis, Cincinnati, Louisville, and Pitt- burg, engaged in the importing trade. This dill is to modily and amend the warehouse mm. It provides certain regulations for the transit of goods entered at an Atlantic to the port wherethe duties are payable and the merchandise is to be de- livered, which may operate either as checks or facili- ties to the importing trade of the interior districts. One of thece provisions ie, that if in the conveyance of merchaadise to the port of delivery, the Mas sball be designedly broken, or shall be delivered at some other point than that named in the manifest, one hundre r cent shall be added to the duties, and the vessel conveying the goods shall be forfeited as in other cases of violations of the revenue laws. The subject of the tariff is to be considered in tae Committee of Ways and Means next week. The Secretary of the Treasury has submitted a draft of a bill for the reduction of duties, somewhat different from the sketch contained in his annual report. All duties are to be equalized to a uniform rate of twenty- five per cent, except those which are to be raised or to remain at one hundred per cent, or removed alto- gether. Linen, at firet intended to be free, will be taxed twenty five per cent. The free list is greatly extended. The one hundred per centum duties are to be laid only on spirits and certain articles of lnx- uy of which it is desirable to limit the consump- jon. Col. Davis, Secretary of War, continues ugwell, and it would surprise fo one should he retire from the Cabinet on the plea of ill health. Mr. Stevens, of Gecrgia, continues very low, and apprehensions re entertained that he may not survive the winter. Appointments by the President. By and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate. J. J. Seibels,of Alabama, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to Belgium. James 8. Green, of Missouri, to be charge d’af- faires of the United States to New Granada. August Belmont, of New York, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to the Netherlands. Henry R. Jackson, of Georgia, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to Austria. lenry Bedinger, of Virginia, to be charge deffaires of the United States to Denmark. Philo White, of Wisconsin, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to Equador. John M. Daniel, of Virginia, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to linia. John W. Dana, of Maine, to be charge d'affaires of the United States to Bolivia. Robert Dale Owen, of Indiana, to be charge d,af- faires of the United States to the kingdomreof the Two Sicilies. ‘The United States Mint. ANKUAL REPORT OF THE DIRBCTOR, Mint oF Tax Unitsp States, PartvapeLraia, Jan. 27, 1854 Bir—I have the honor to submit the foilowing re- ports in compliance with the act of Congress of the 8th January, 1837:— ‘The coinage, including gold bars, exesuted at the Mint in Philadelphia, in 1863, has amounted to $60,111,249 72, of which $36,355,621 were in gold coins, $15,836,997 94 were in refined gold bare, $7,852,671 were in silver coins, and $67,059 78 in copper coins. This coinage was comprised in 69,775,537 pieces, being more than twice the num- ber of pieces ever before struck in the Mint in a single year. The deposits received were $63,315,632 64 in Sold, and 367,339 in silver, in- clnding silver purchases made pursuant to the act of March 3, 1953; making a total of $61,682,971 64. The ovinage of the Branch Mint at New Orleans amounts to $3,445 000, of which $2,220,000 were in gold coins, and $1,225,000 in silver. The number of jieces struck was 6,532,000. The deposits were bri59.954 16 in gold, and $4,536,131 06 in silver, in- cluding silver purchases. Total $6,688,385 22. The coinage of the Branch Mint in Charlotte, North Carolina, amounted to $339,370 in gold, com prose in 77,086 pieces. The deposits were $305,157 05 ‘old The coinage of the Branch Mint at Dahlonega, Georgia, amounted to $462 918 in gold, comprised in 99,439 pieces. The deposits were $452,289 76 in Id. old. ‘The total coinage of the Mint and its branches, for the year 1853, was as follows:—Gold, $55,213,106 94; silver, $9, 71; eopper, $67,059 78. Total, $44, 358,587 72. i It may be interesting to state that one million of dollars weighs in gold, 3,685 5-7 Ibs. avoirdupois, aod in silver, 54,857 ibs. If 2,000 lbs. be taken as the ton, it will be seen that our coinage operations dur. ing the Jast year reach about one hundred and two tons of gold, aud two hundred and forty nine tons of Bliver, The amount of gold of domestic production de- porited at the Mint aud ite branches during tne last yeer, was $55 622,051; of which sum $55,113 437 ‘was fram Osfifornia, and the balance frem the At- lantic States, except a few deposits from Oregon, of the value of $13,555. These were the firat deposits from that Territory, and are characterized by having an appreciad'e per centage of platinum sand. The silver parted from the gold from California amonnted tothe sum of $407,133. In addition to which there was received other silyerof domestic predection to the value of $10,146. Atthe principal Mint several deposits of Austra- lian gold have been made during the past year, ann upting to $105,000. The entire coinage atthe several mints, from th time they commenced operations, is as followa :— Mict wt Foilacelpnia, (1744)... . 86s Branch mint at New Orlane Branch wint at Charlotte, ('8 8). Branch niat at Dablonegs, (i808). Total at all the minte............0.cs 00 $34 I annex to this report several tabular stute exhibiting the foregoing results somewhat in detail, and presenting some other statistics respecting the operations of the mint. The diminution of the standard weight of the half dollar and lower denominations of silver evins author. sla by the act of March 3, 1853, has been attended ‘with good results. Under ite operations we have had a large supply of silver bullion, and the silver coi age of the new josue bas reached the sum of $8,654,- 161, which is a larger amount than was strack during the five years preceding. Several iiliions of silver coins have thus been added to the currency ; and if the circulation of small notes could be excluded, so aa to render the supply necessary, in a short time the + new ccin would be in general use in every part of our country. The appresiation of silver rendered this alteration necessary. The silver coins of the former standard were issued at the rate of 116 4-11 cents per ounce. The average price of silver of like fineneas, ondon and Paris, for several months past, has been 121 ceats per ounce. It is very evident, therefore, that coin issued under the former standard would be withdrawn from circu- lation, and we would have had no silver currency except the oldand much-worn Spanish fractions of a dollar, the value of which is diminished from ten to twenty per cent. Itis proper to remark that some misapprehension hag prevailed in regard to the alteration in the silver coin. The idea is erromibonaly entertained by many persons that the fineness of the silver used in the new coin is below the former standard. The only change, however, is in the weight; the half dollar being now fourteen and a quarter grains below the former standard weight, and the smaller coins in the same proportion. In England, since 1816, a silver currency has been maintained sy iee means. There the deprecia- tion of silver below gold, at tke prices which ruled when the standards were adjusted by law, may be stated at eleven per cent. Onr depreciation below former standards, as compared with gold, is nearly seven per cent. The profit tothe British Mint, when dollar silver is sold st five shillings per ounce in te London market, (which is an as price,) iaseven per cent. If we bought silver at the sume rate our As soon as the wastage of tlie last year ia deter: | mined & report on the subject will be presented to the Treasury Department, A charge of the half of one per cent on the gold coinage is authorized to be le from and after the Ist of April last. The amount of these charges at the Mint and branches are as follows :—At the Must at delphi r Brexch Mint at Ne: Branch Mint at Dablonege Branch Mint at Charlotte, Total at ell the Mints $118 947 41 ‘These eums will be transferred to the Treasury of the Uniied States, pursuant to the the 6th section of the act of Covgress before referred to. ‘The three dollar gold eoin authorized by the last Congress will be issued as soon as the dies now in Pp 88 are complied. From the close approxi- + mation in weight and value whieh this eoin will have to the quarter eagle, it has been deemed expe- dient to make the devices upon it different from any coin heretofore issued. The device adopted for the obverse is an ideal head emblematic of America, en- closed within the national legend. ‘he reverse will present a wreath indicating the most prominent roductions of our soil, and enclosing the denomina- m and date of the coin. The brauch mint at San Francisco, California, it is expected, will be ready to receive deposits and com- mence operations about the firat of March ‘next. In consequence of a change in the grade of the street on which the building is being erected, more time ‘will be consumed in its completion than was antici- d. The machinery, which was constructed in ‘hiladelphia, arrived there in good condition on the 12th of December last, bata portion of the fixtures gud apparatus hed not arrived on the 30th of De- cember, the date of my last advices, the vessel con- taining them having been out one hundred and forty- fivedsys, These circumstances will probably delay the commencement of coining operations until the time above stated. The ooins to be issued by this branch of the mint will be designated by the letter Son the reverse. It is proper to remark that the coins of the other branches are designated as fol- lows:—New Orleans by the letter 0; Dahlonega, D; Charlotte, C; the coins of the principal mint are not marked by any letter. The building which is designed for the assay office at New York will be erected and completed in Aoril next. The machinery, apparatus, and implementa, will be ready for use a3 scon agthe building is pre- pared to receive them. We may therefore expect operations to commence 9n the last of April or in the early part of May next. The result of the overtares recently made to ar- tists and o‘ber persons of taste, to present designs for the silver coinage, has not been satisfactory. Many desiyns and some medallions were preseated, soroe of them of considerable merit, but their geaeral deficiency consisted ina want of adaptation to the objectin view. In making apy important change in the devices of the coinage, it seems proper that those which are to be substituted should be of decided and incontertable superiority. The result of the effurt has thus produced a conviction favorable to the designs heretofore adopted and in use; our attention will, therefore, be turned to their artistic improvement, without materially changing their national or emble- matic character. The disturbance of the relative values of gold and silver, and the consequent effects upon national and international currencies, upon coinage, and upon pecuniary contracts, is avery large inquiry frequently under disepssion in commercial circles, ia the public prints, and in bails of legislation. I barely allude to the eubject, without Geletiod g upon it farther than to offer one or two practical suggestions. Accord- ing to well considered catimates, the production of the gold and silver mines of the world at the commencement of the present centary—not teking into account those countries of Aa‘a, which were nearly shut out from the intercourse of nations—was in the proportion of one ounce of old to forty six ounces of silver. Immediately before the opening of California, it had probably changed to one ounce of gold against seventeen ounces of sile ver. An average of the productions of the years 1852 and 1853, upon the same broad scale, appears to give a result of one ounce of gold to less than four ounces of silver. And yet trom the first of these pe. nods to the last, there has been no great divergence in the bullion market from the relative proportion of one ounce of gold to sixteen ounces of silver. Sarely this striking fact ough; to allay the feeling of alarm ao often experienced as to the abundant production of one metal, and the diminishtd supply of the other. There is, infact, a hspgy accomnodation in the commercial world to toese varying relations. When gold was scarce, silver was the great metallic basis, and the former metal was rather usedas an adjuvant | me current, which I call electro magnetism, however oped, for marking or printing intel igibl characters, aigne or letters, at any distances, being s new application of that power of which I claim to be tae first laveator or Gisooverer.”” The patent is for an ‘improvement.’ The fret claim re- ferste the previously invented elestri» telegraphs, om whieh “the sotion or exercise of electrical upon the mag- netized ber or needle,’ produced deflections uf the bar or Beedie, which were the subject of inspection, but the Glaim asserts that the electrical power had nos besn ap- plied to record the communication. It will be perceived that the inveation patented is but one of the pumerous format the electric telegraph, and” it is net pretended in the patent ites that the pataniee wes the inventcr of -‘that last and most wordrous birth ef this wonder teeming age.” The needle or poiater telegraph hei been siready patented im this country by some Anftrican gentlemen, assignees of Mosers. Cooke & Wheatstone, and they had obieined & pateat for that form of the electric te! ‘eph three years before, (June 12, 1837) in Ragland. Those gentlemen, however, never pretended to de the inven'ors of the electric telegraph, although the valgar opinion in Eoghaud is that + were the investors, because they wers the first to introduce the electri telegraph into pub- He wee in that country, which they did im 1837, about six ee defo: e Morse began to construct his first live in tee juited States, Abcut two years before Cooke and Wheatstoue perfect 4 their apparatus, electric teiegraph liaes had been oon. structed in Germany for the transmission of tateiligence Detween towow, thewires being saspeaded on poles acs sent fashion. that the Sopreme Court has deolded that Morse was thi inventor of the art of telegrapaing. This was not only not claimed by Morse in his Dut was expreruly disclaimed (beredy, as slread: im would have beea absurd io ll koown all over the world at ined his patent, that the int the electric telegraph could pot be claimed by any ore mao, nor by avy one nativo, and that various forms of the neecle, or poinier telegraph, bad neen inveated by dif- ferent persona, patented, acd put ie use years before, What Morse claimed, as will be peroeived from tha above extracts from his pateot,was tha: he hae icvented an‘'im- Pp ”? om the electric telegraph, which improve. men: consisted in this:—{ostead of usiog the elactriss! | pay upon the magnetized bar for the purpose of mov- 1g that bar to point to letters, he ues the power for the purpose of making dots and horiz»ntai reratekes 01 paper moved regulariy by clockwork; there dots and scratches atacdip, letters, thus:—Th ree ¢ dots, & spece, and then two dota nx dot, anda dash, for K., &o Morne the firet to nt this form of the electric telegraph, and that it is an improvement on the previous nyatem. ‘Both Properiti ns are Genied, but the evidence as it stands iu the Kentucky case, (uo testimony being taken abroad) sustains the claim, and v0 the court accor!ingly decide, Bat the court has not asserted the abeurd propos tion that Morse was the inventor of the art of tebgraphiug; that assertion is only made in the newspaper paragraplu x: Up by parties interested in Morse’s patents, Those par- ties claim & monopoly of all the mesns of recorsiog or markitg intelligence, on the ground that More hay invested one mode of doing #o was itled to @ paten' for allmodes. Such a claim would b boon iodiganatly soouted by the public but for the adroit apprals to the watiomal vanity, and the assertion ‘het Morse was the in veator nct merely of one out of abont forty of the exist- izg vystern of telegraphing, but that the world is iadebt- ea to him for the instantaneous transmission of istelli rse’s uystemn, telegraph. ers ia thore countries will not use it, bus coatious to use the needle, or pointer telograpn. Tho Supreme Court have rejected the elghth claim, be- ¢aune it did not confize the patent *‘to the specific macht mery, or parta of mschinery desciined in the furegoin, specifications and claims.” Judge Woo: bury austtined t claim in the suit brought by More against Hoave, holding that, construed with the context, it merely meant to claim » monopoly of the production of signs of letters by the mesns incicated, and that this would pro- tect him against the @ by others of means which might in Jaw be deemed, ralents.’? The Jadge sustained all Me that Honse used moshing which preme Court have not rut so favorable a con- struction upon the eighth claim av Judge Woodbary did, but held that it claizns » patent fur more than Morae in- vented, and is there ore bad The plain ov mon tense rule of law, as laid down by Judge Woodbury and affirmed by the Supreme Court, is that isetramentalities are the,only proper subjects for pro- tection by patents, and that ‘when patented all eq va: lent” are iefringsmenta, As observed by Jadge Wood- bury, ‘other inventors must take eure not to use any ich More’ himeelf favented,’? Avy body may begin he began, and, avoiding the use of his impreve- meots may invent and ure others. There are rome patent agents of the ‘high falatin”’ or- der, and even ecme judges, who ave in love with hace moropolies, and maintsin the law to be that he who adds the lest link :o any invention may approp:iate to himrelf all the Inbors of bit prececessore and ob'ain a complete monopoly of the rew manufacture, art, &c.—that he is not oor fined tos patent for what he invented, but that be may take it ia mitted to begin wi he began, and tsking it, Lely adapted to come of the wants of trade. But mince gold has become plenty and silver compnrative- ly scarce, the wealthier nations of the world have taken gold as their one currency, making silver only o subsidiary one, jast as copper is to silver. Now, as the purvose of “ making chavge”’ does not require a very large stock of meta!, in comparison with the larger purposes of money, it follows that silver is by no means as much needed as formerly; and here we have the very remarkable, almost enigmatical sequence, that silver is valued less because t% ia less produced. The very general adoption of small ioe! coins, such asone collar, and even half of that if it were prac- ticable, would still turther throw silver out of use, and consequently keep down its value. Large quan- tities of it will always be needed for plate and for ornamental work; but even in this, the growing use of electro-plated ware, in England and in our own country, is sure to have a counteracting effect. And here it will be interesting to stite, that the great] diminished cost of mercury, which isan indispensable aeent in the production of silver, is certain to have rge effect in increasing that production. The monopoly of mercury, by which its price was ad- vanced one hnndred per cent, and consequently the mining of silver greatly impeded, hos been dispelled by the opening of the rich cinnabar mines of Cali- fornia, aud the price bas receded to the old quota tion. Silver mines that have been abandoned can, from this cause, be reopened, and a gftater activity may be expected in those which have been kept con- stantly in operation. .But while the commercial or f sccial accommodation, before spoken of, and the pro- bable increase in the production of silver just no- ticed, may be relied upon to prevent any such violent irregularity 8 woud be denoted by balancic vex teen ounces of silver at one time, and at another time only feur ounces, against one ounce of gold, yet there will constantly bea varying per centage of fluctuation; and this will sometimes be so great as tocompel a@ legal modification of standard, anda consequent recoinage at the Mint. And althungh our own standard of silver has so lately been changed | reduction of weight was | another recoivage, at no distant day, may become ne‘essary. his, however, isa part of the use for which a potionai Mint is maintained, and for which it should always be in readiuess. | _, It is now due to us as the great gold producing na- | tion, that our currency should be purged from all bank notes below the denomination of the double eagle. ‘Such a@ remedy, by increasing the uses of | gold, would, doubtless, mitigate auy inconvenience | sticing trom the large pruduction of that metal, and aid vs in arriving at the just conclnsion that all fears ofexcersive returns from California and Australia | may be put to rest. Ifthe notes under twenty dol- lara were withdrawn, their places would be supplied y Specie, and thus the currency would further ap- gg to the wholesome standard contemplated y the framers of the constitutioa of the United States, and also tend to release the trade and com- | merce of the country from the adverse influence of | | banks of ivsue. As these institutions are created by the authority of the States, perhaps the only remedy in the power of Congress to apply, is that suggested by Mr. Gajlatim, who, in view ui the righ: of taxation, | says that “Congress may, if it deems proper, lay @ stamp duty on emali nutes, which will put an end to their cirzulatior. It seems appropriate to my official position that I should take this opportunity to join in the urgent demand from various quarters for a simole, in-elli- gible, and well founded system of weights and mea- sures. The Mint has done as much as it can (and in this step it has beea followed by the Bank aad Mint of England) in repudiating pecoyweights and grains in the mode of weigbing and keeping accounts, using ovly the troy ounce and its decimal fractions. The sanction of law had previously been obtained for doing away with cara's and carat-grains in the ex- ae of fineness of gold and of an eqnally cum- rous notation for the fineness of silver, substituting the simple millesimal form introduced by French as- sayers,and becoming general in Europe. But we are still annoyed witl ancther standard weizht—the avoirdopois pound, with its tedious and abitrary di- visions. The establishment of a simple and uniform system, applicable to every kind of weight and mearurement, ia greatly to desired, and is well worthy the attention of Congress, ~ J have the honor to be, with great respect, Your faitufal servant, Jawzs Ross Ssowver, Director. To the President. The Telegraph Case. DECISION OF THE SUPR#MB OUURT OF THR UNITED BTATES. TO THR RDICOR OF THR HYRALD Your correrpondent *‘Capitol,”’ in profasaing to correct the rep rt of this case whioh spprared tn the New Youre Brnaip, hea wade various remarks whish are calculated to mislead. The deolsiom of the court was mace faa care Gacmitted toat there had been aninfrinzemeat ‘a pstent—the instrom-nt used being Morse’s, ht variation; bat it was contended that the 1840, was because ons not sufficient, and that tent gi ftd, because the claims in it were too b: it wes pot correctly dad, snd for other taken out bs ter of cetatl. profit would be not ,. toree per cent, But as our tice of silver is 121 cents per ounce of standard inenes#, there is an advance of but 3 3-10 per cent, the new coin being issned at the rate of 125 cents Not only English interests, but English and Ame- rican enecntatora have intrigred to create aoe of + the objectionable features in this proposal of Mexiz0, per ounce. The apparent profit to the government fe, therefore, four cents per ounce ; bud fruds Luss does | be deducted certain expenses and wastage. The Supreme Court held that the patents were valid, with the exception that the eighth elsim in the principal patent was 109 broad. chat cleim i in the followlag words ~~ “1Co rot prepore to limit myself to the rpscific msehi- mery orparin ef mechinery devaribe’ in toe forarsieg Broiketion mud Cialis, 1he WM EBO® OC hay luvenuoe Vetng be use of toe motive power of the eisottic of to suit the market, there is reason to fear that the | courre arrive at the f cording to this doctri who does not aval hi fofrizged! The supporters of this doctrine have received a beavy blow and great dissourlgement from Cole cision. or even @ better rernit, Ac- The Copyright Treaty. A GIOAM FLOM THE PHILAORLPSIA PUBLISIERY AT THE PLOSPECT GF AN INTEANATIONAL Cory- RIGET. (CIRCULAR ) We beg to enclose s memoria’, which ia betag signed extensively here, ass protect against the ratification of the propored international copyright treaty. We trust toat you will eign it end obtaia the names of your friends to it, and forward it as oon sa possible to your Senstor, #5 we urderstanc the treaty is to be discussed early in Februny. il! observe that the petition ts not adept €4 for booksellers exclusively, ground, as it does, sent the Intended extesrion of executive soticn over constitetional } citfzens who ceslre to prevent this ereas innovation. In adcition to these motives, we thiuk that the inter- esta ccanected with the book trace owe it to themselves to protest against any specia) interferenes with their business Gperations in & mcde so entirely subversive of all demo eratio principles, avd which deprives them of thetr ia- alleneble rigot to be heard in sli mstters affeoting them Se cilisens. Yours, very respectfully, A. HART, CHAS, MAGARGE & CO, T. A & P. @. COLLINS, ©. SHERMAN, JOBN F. DUCOMB, Philadelphia, January 8!, 1854 MEMORIAL. Tv the Honoralle the Senate of the United States The Ur Geraignes, otlizsny of the Stats of —, respectfully but ¢arvestly remonstrate against the ratia cation of w treaty, fuppored to be now ucder the oonsl- erat on of ycur honorable bedy, whereby a resiprocal inte:rational copyright ia proposed fcr creation between Ub! country em) Britaia. The fo which this measure in presente) for | Jour ratificalion reeesvariiy revcers imporeldie any def- | tits informa ion as to its character and provisions. * Tair tH rerpect{ully #abmit to be an objection ebaracter, as being olterly repugnant to the spirit of eur institaiisns. Io the negotation of arrangements with foreign powers, secreay oa ths part ot the Execucive it a necessity which admtta of an oc al departure im this partioglar from the popular our government, But where such arrangements are to bave sn internal {i flurnce, modfring the legal righta and sff-ctirg the Jeoor aud capital of our ewa cilizens, your memortalists observa thet they become the of ordipary and open |-gisiative ection, expectal © the present, as matters relating to sopy larly confided by the Constitattua to both 7 “ Without discussing the question of the rights of thorr, your memo: vould therefore »rotest agai thls proposed exteweion of the treaty making power, dacgert Qs innovatian. The m ture of book: s Lusiness invelving millions of dollars, employiag tho labor and affording svrtenance to thearanda of our fallow cit zens, whose interests canrot fail to be injariously af feo'ed by any inureace im the cost of books, Taras in tereste Fc uld no more be #1 by this apooies of mairect of the manyisetnre of iron, the or apy of the other gient industrial rei try, ‘If injustice exist under the pre en the suc jeat of copyright, that injastise can be reme- cied Lb ng Me! the open end unreserved discnacton of Lhore Jaws in Congress, resultisg in such modtification at the intelligencs and equity of our people, embodied in tbeir representatives of both Houreg, may deter nine, with the full understanding ac¢ oonsaft of the country, jn the usual mode provided for the alteration of our statutes. ‘As citizers of the repubi{o, yout memorialists must therefore protest sgainst the ratilication of this treaty, acd ageinet ‘he iatrod: angered without a hesring, ttom, suger, irees Of our ooua: tate of our laws m of this mode of oblique and privi- 01 ry t Isgisiation, by whier their rights legee are to be cor’a Jed without their knowledge sent. They therefore eafwently request that if the tor in to be oomsicered, it be prerected in the ordia: moce to both honses of Congress, that the yoloe of the eople may be heard; that our internal laws may be mocified intelligently by ourselvea ax @ nation of free men, ard not be overtidcem by treaties at the request and importunity .f foreigners: and, finally, that we may retain the power of modifying our iaternai affairs at our plea ure, end not bamper them ncder treaties which can only be abrogated or altered with the approbation of a foreign nation, American Genlus, List of patents issued from the United States Patent Office for the week ending February 7, 1854, each bearing that date:— ‘ _ Ebenezer Barrows, of New York, N. Y.—For im. rovementa in rotary engines: Patented in Eng- fina, July 3, 1861. A. Merritt Asay, of Philadeldhia, Pa—For im- provement in dental chairs. Edward Barycroft and William Sollers, of Phila- delphia, Pa.—For improvement in turning lathes. obn and William McAdams, of Boston, Mass.— For improvement in machines for ruling paper. Ta0ob Reese, o! Sharon, Pa.—For improvement in machines for making nuts. Michael Shimer, of Union Township, Pa —For im- provement in winnowers, Josiah Turner and W. C. Sturos, of Sunapec, N. H.—For improvement in winnowers. Jobn M. Batchelder, of Cambridge, Mass, and Moses G, Farmer, of Salem, Mass—For improves ment in the mode of making batery connection with an electro magnetic coilon the travelling carnage of a telegra . homes , of Boston, Mass—For im- proved machine for polishing plough handles aud other articles. a George Edward Burt, of Westford, Mags., assignor to himself and David ©. Butterfleld, of same place —For improvemen: in Waslnes lui ees aug od seritg bristles, Dexter H. Chamberlain, of Boston, Mags —| im bbe 2 bit of dnl stocks. és’ sud er H. Chamberlain, of Boston, improvement in tooth oiders. be), Maeno ‘obn J. Crooke,of NewYork, N. Y.—¥or improve- bas in we mantactare of tin fol or Fh ig ames 5. Davis, of New Paris, Ohi firovement in blocks for horse esters. ore am F.O. Deschamps, of Philadelphia, Pa.—For ime provement in omnibus registers. i Jobn 8. Hall, of Manchester, Pa.—For improve- ment in A pear oa J. B. Hayden, ot Easton, N. Y.—For improveneat in metatic hubs. Ansell Morrell, of New Bedford, Pa., r ta himself and Joho M. Irvine, or Sharon, Pa—F'or im- provement in dressing spokes. Reuben Lr ps ol tie yee of Masten, Pa— For improved daguerreo' poate holder, Talis E. Merriman, of Meridan, Conn.—For im- provement in serving birds. Clark D. Page, of Rochester, N. Y.—For improve: ment in lime kilne. Joba W. Webb, of Waal , D. C.—For im- provement in portable door locks. James A Woodbury, of Winchester, Mass.—For inprovement in p! 1g machines. Miscellanous Items. (From the Worbtogton Siar, Feb.9.) PAYMENT OF MONKY GARNISHED 1M AN UNITED STATES 01 4'S HaNDe, An officer of the United States was, not long since, summoned as “garnishee for the money in his hands due the contractors” on certain public work. It waa held at the Treasury that the money was placed it the officer's hands as the agent of tiie government— that it was the property of ‘he government, and that the officer was vot individually indebted to the con- tractors, nor would he be «considered individually liable in apy action they might institute against bing for the recovery of the money. Y, however, it shoulé be decided by @ competent tribunsl that the mot due the contractor could be attached by their 4 tors, in the hands of the officer, he may safely the plaintiffs the amount for which he may be bat ed, iable, nct exceeding the amount due from the United States te the contractors, and a copy of he olcmene tetting forth the facts, with the plaintifi’s reeeipt thereon, would be received as @ voucher for the pay- ment in séitlement of the officer's accounts, TH STOCKSHIDGE INDIANS. There is a delegation from this tribe now in Wash- ington. These Indians, the remuant of the once celebrated Mobican tribe, number not more than one hundred and fifty souls. According toa tradition amongst them New York city was once the site of their chief town. From theace they removed to Stockbridge, in Oneida-county, New York. Civili- zation pressing upon them thera, they went fweat ta a new home on the St. Mary’s river, In 1828 they again fled before the face of the white man, seeking a refuge in Wisc sin. Not long since they treated with the government for the exc! of their lands there for others in Minnesota. T tribe are now, however, anxious to remain in Wiseon- tin, having in almost all things adopted the habita and pursuits of the whites. The delegation now here are negotiating with the Indian Bureau for the annulment of the treaty lastabove mentioned. A NBW CHARGE 10 VENEZUELA. Mr. Charles Eames, late associate editor of the Washington Union, has heen nominated to be U. 8. Charge to Venezuela. His nomination went inta the Benste yesterday. THE GADSDEN TRRATY. We have reason to believe that the Gadsden treaty has been sent into the Senate with recommendationa for its very exiensive amendment. It cannot be that it will be fully ratified in any shape,for a considerar ble time yet. THE CURRENT OPERATIONS OF THE TREASURY DIF PARTMENT. On the 8th of February there were of treasury warrants on the Woks of tae department: — For tue payment of Treas y debi. $2,500 00 For the Customs....... Fooseensecse . + 4,823 32 Covered into Treasury from miscelianeous sourers , 0, Covered into Treasury from Oustome 647 For the Interior Department. . 2,218 35 Feb. 9 —Redemption cf #*ocl 19,876 22 For payment of other Treasu! 60,796 40 For the Customs. 10,999 83 Covered into Fou Ce... For the War Dspartm Fr re-paying for War Department For the Interior Depar‘mert... @he Ceremony of Degrading a Roman Ca« tholic Priest. £0 THE EDITOR OF THR BERALD. 1 annex herewith « translation from the Pontificale Romanum, of the {orm and ceremony prescribed for the degradation of # Ostholic priest from his office in the church, Your readers may now judge for themselves of the absurdity of the story of the fiaying of Ugo Bassi, and of the falsehood ccntained im the note to the address of certain Italians, which sppearedin the Evening xpress of January 31 :— Note in explanation to Atcerisans.—Disoonseeration, (in Italian sconaccrozione ) siguifies skinning those parta of the hands, furebesd, sad croem of the head which were touched in the cerempny of coasecrating a Romam ecclesiaetio. The work from which | translate what follows is enti ‘Pontificale Romanum Clementis VI(L, ac Urban ‘VIL, jnasue<itum, iede vero @ Benedisto XIV, resognt tum, Ac. Castigstum cum additionibas a sacra Ritaam pprobates,”? The Roman Pontifieale, pubs of Oemeat VIIL aod Urban VILL, and reviewed aud corrected by Boacdict XiV., with pprovec of by tne Hi ly Coogreration of Rives, at Mechlin. by P, J. Henicq, priater to the Sa- preme Por tif, the Holy Oongragation for the Propagation of the Faith, and tue Arch tehop of Mechlia: 1845: Vol, 8, page 672, The portion in i alice is toe rabri ’ The attendtrg prirsts deliver into the hands of the ome to ba degraded a chalice wine and water, a paten, and treademall of which the officiating prelate takes away again from the hands +f the p. test undergoing degradation, say- ing:— We remevo from thoe the power of offering snorifiee to Tod and cf coletxating & oes, se woil for the living a for the deed. “Trim the (ficlating prelate scrapes lightly (xbradit leviter) wth a knife or neces ylaw, Ure thumbs and forefingers, oF wnuices, of «ach hand of ie priest to le degraded, saying: — We tako avay from thee fy this soraping ing #aoriice, of conroersting and bi a’at Foceive in she annolating of thy — Which having been raid, the officiating prelate grasps the chasuble b the back part of the hood, and inovkes the priest & be diyraded seying :— * We deprive thee Gosorvodly ef the ascor¢otel vostmen| which bes be: cha: fty. boonuse thoa bast divested ahyae! all innocenes.”” ling prelate takes off from the priest to be saywn ay the sirm of the Lord, which rifors, remove this stole from t exorsise any sacordotel office.’” for degrading ing a deacom y from the At page 67 & bishop, and ubue preceding. Lt ie worthy of remark, beca grons falrehood ef the rkinning tory, Himimary {oetruction on degradation at p 4 fore ping Ia exprersly ntaled to be ‘“publice abradu’ cum vitro vel cultelio wet alto hy jus medi leviler sine inis ef Sustone, Vca manwa millaics quae in collacione ordine wnurcia Juerunl, et eam tomuram a velit” “He publicly soca pes ‘with glass, crm buife, orwith any thing .of the kind, gently, without ¢facton of blood, (blash, oh ye Italiana, for ycur calawny,) those parts of the hands which were supcint+d whon ordere were conferre!, aad eve the toa- sure, if bs chocses to Co #0.” Sem of your readers may recollect that when the Ourate Merino, who made an attempt cn the life of the Queen of Spain, was cu'ed, he unierweat the cere- mony of degradation, to have read im the account, whieh apers, that he rani his fiogers were seraped when he seemed to give way to feeliogs of great sorrow. finoerely yours, V@RITA3. Is a German a Dutchman? LETSER FROM AN INDIGNANT HOLLANDER, TO THE FOITOR OF THE HEW YORK HaRALD, In your paper of the 7th a police report appeared of = descent mage by the police upom # Davch Inger bier shop in the neighbcrhood of the Cryatal Palace. Several Hol- landers, to whom the name of Dateb rightly belongs, feel rorely sggrieved at the custom of eonfounding and identifying the German population with that sncieat and honorable name. The name of Datehman a Hollander ia traly proud of, not only as they were the original settlers by any disgracing ee oe of the a or State ice courts. Thay are too faithful prison, nor po Rnd law abiding, relipious amd Sabbath ‘people to be accused of oriuking Jeger bier and danciag em the Sabbath, to whi formed Chureh in ibis city, better acquainted with the ogrephice! position of Earope, cam abandantly testify, We do not ¢esire to throw any odiam upon the German population; but it would be well that when, as » class, their bet conduct becomes odious, the people should un- derstand that Mee are not evtitied to the honest mame of Datebman, but that it ia a Gy Tabble that disgraces the tabbeth. There are, all told, no more than six haa- dred Dutchmen in New York and tng are all, with soarcely acy exception, @ respecte >is “class of people, who drirk no liger bisr. but love to observe the sacred- pest cf the Sabbath By giving this correction an inser- tion in your widely circulated paper, you will confer s ser- vies to the public, % ipform them that whens speaking Denteeh or Merman is arrested, that fine pope and ro Hollacder een gs. a moreover, Te-estadlich the goet rsputet and reotive the grat eof HOLLANDERS, A Marie Orrrore’s Form axD QUARTERS case has beon decided by the government account- Cflicers, in which it was held thatif @ marine officer stationed at a commutation post commates for fael and quarters, he cannot receive more than ation allowance, no matter how inade- t may be; but he has 4 right to demand his vein’ acd i, de the daty of tue wer government to formieh them,