The New York Herald Newspaper, February 6, 1854, Page 8

United States Senators from Georgia. BISTORY OF THE LATE BLBOCTION AND SKETCHES OF FOBMER SENATORS. We have announced the «lection by the Legisla- ture of Georgia. on the 26th January, 0° Alfred Iver- Bon, of Columbus, to succeed William C. Duwson, whose term of office expires on the 4th of March, 1855. He waselected upon the sixteeath ballot, re- Ceiving 112 votes. Mr. Dawson, the present whig Benator, received 96; M. H. McAllister, 4; Howell Cobb, 2; C. J. McDonald fl; The clear Majority for Judge fverson, fore, Was seven most exciting we Senatorial Bia. It will be recollectos that the dissensions be tween the State Rights aud Uvion democrats in tae Legislature prevented the first attempts at an elec- tion of Senator; of tre friends of Howell Cobb, the Union cand aviug voted to postpone the election, after the noutieation of Ex-Governor Chas. J. McDonald had bees made by two-thirds of the democratic members of the Legislative caucus. Upon the final vote it will be seen that gentleman, the regular democratic nominee, reosived only Ome vne vote. He was the favorite of the seces sion democrats of Georgia, and President of the second Nashville secession convention, His fiefeat, although the succesful candidate is of the same school in politics, is mucin regretted by the Recession democrats,o:,in the linguage of one of their own papers, (the Macon ZT. h,) “ they fear that the party orgauiz.tiou las received & dan- Berous blow, and that the success which has attend 0d the effort of a few to delest the declared intention oi the democ , Will tor ail future time ence malcontents, first to dv-ertion an. then to deflance. The democratic party ving a large majority, weat jnto cancns, deliberate y made their nomination, and then yielded to halfs dozen men who were dissatis- fied with their action—not only yielded, but placed By abacdoning the nomiustion, they virtua | ed Unat the caucus system) was & mere foro nored and defied at pleasure. We canuot, (-ays tue sme paper,) bat believe that much the better plan would have beea to have referred the whole matter back to the peo ple. The injustice done to Gov. MeDvuald is a subject mpon which we do no; de-ire tocomment. He received fhe nomination by @ majurity of vwo thirds—not cause he had many friends ia the Legislature, but be- cause the people dewanded it. The triends that he hsd Btood to him till they were overw he force of numbers, and there was uo Lo! auy hope in re. Nistance. Upon the fiaal ball.t b ved ong vote. Of so much valve is a caucus nomination in Georgia. We do not desire to understood as reflecting in any way upon the conduct of Juge Iverson, for we ‘ave reason to be thankfultuat outof a policy so de” vious, so hesitating and so unmanly, has resulted the election of aa gentleman so gited aud so estima. bie.” The election of Judge Iverson was brought abont in this wise:—A meetin s ot the democratic members ‘was held on Saturday night, January 24, butas the attendance was tin, in consequence of inclement weather, it was not anticipated tuat auy success themselves w their cor to be igt would reeult from the proceedings of the caucas. A committee of cue from each Jadivial circuit was, however, appointed. fhe committee reported the names of Mesers. Ciappell,Iversou and Mo Allister to the meeting. A resolution was adopted, pledging the support of the democratic party, to the person who should receive the highest vote on the first bal- Jot. Judge Iverson was that man. he democrats went into the election on th th, with very dubious hopes. Up to that time there had beea on previons trials, twelve ballots for Senator. O the thirteenth ballot, (being the first ballot on the 26th,) Iverson received 63 votes; McAMister, 31 ; McDonald, 23 ; Cobb, 2, sud Dawson, the whig candidate. On the next (fourteentl,) ballot Iverson received 9 the fifteenth, 101 ad oa the sixteentn, 112 yo! After the fifteenth ballot, a motion made b Benator to takes recess until the Istof Ap lost—99 to 1 Mr. Dean, State rignts dex immediately afterwards withdrew the name of Gov. McDonald, in consequence of which Judge Iverson yas e'ccird, a3 We have stated. The Savenvah Repub!.can, 96. a whig p we How Alfred Lyer Burke sow: anda capied & promineat ports pome yeart, havirg bee the Sapericr Court, ax Erpresentatives. Lis 2 mon of very fairs firet men of the 8 reefects, and in ec nomines of the party 4 fiaement, and o; exceilent have po cause to repr Qi cornected from th m equal ip ail MoDumald the nim, however ing to review bia eat purpose ty in his politis Distory in deta: reroark, thet he belorgs tf) ire reaasin school of pol Wl ince.” He tock ected ntan’ egainst the compromise Of 1880 with Mr, Moloos'd, and in the po:tion te expecia! ¢ head and t ef th wao favored blishment sequent dinrnpt *, he will be jee snl affilis- ral effect of J ave been fr as erdoreement of th tic party, and = dirret he fece ot Noitber Cobb, acr Chaps Warner, nor Ward, nor any other Ucion democrst stood the least ssible chante of being elected, Iris tras, the emall, t determined and pstriotie band of Uaton’ de nosrats in the Senate, was able to defeat the elestion of MeDon gid; but beyond this they were utierly powsrless. The Columbud regency has played « bela game Its Bembers took many ch avees in ths contest for the spoils, and verily they have osrried off some capitsl ani glitver: ) ig the sams Ik or Mo Allister, prizes, “roa bast it pow, King, Cawcor, G!amis, all” Will the ecalos never fall’ from the eyes’ of Uaion @emocrate’ The fate o’ ir, Cod avd bis friends ts the fete of Union demcorats all over the coun'ry. We may adé that Judge fverson was a Union man during the etroggle respecting nullifisation, in 1832, when Georgia refused to join with Mr. Calhoun and Bouth Carolina in the attempt at causing these States % secede from the Union. In 1850 he becaine an advocate of the doctrines of secession on a diffrent Issue from that which agitated Georgia and Souta | | Carolina in 1832; and with about two-thirds of t democratic party of Georgia, he opposed the election of Howell Cobb, as the candidate for Gover nor of Georgia. The main body of Cobb's sapporters on that occasion were of the whig party. ; LI8T OF U. 8. SENATORS PROM GRORGIA. The following is a st of the U. S Senators from Georgia from the adoption of the constitutioa, ia 1/89, to the present timo: — Unio Wiliam Few . James Guon.. demon Jackson .. *George Walto Josiah Tetnal Abraham Ealéwin Do. . Jemer jnckeon . Joba Miledge L *George Jonee Willem H. Ceawfords Tait. Witliam Wyn: ©Wm, Bellis gar Bu 1B Jobn Forsyth Jonn FiLo%t . Freemon Wake Nicholas Do. ......., Thomas W. Cosd Jow Melo rin 4 t 5 Oliver BH. rine... . r "1829 Georg: M. Troup : Jobn M. Berrien,....... John M. Herrien,.. Walter T Ce John M Berrien............ ~ Sirervenes V. Jobpeon... Willian C Dawron.... @Robert M. Chariton March, 3803 Robert Toomba. Meros, 1859 A'tred lverson March, 183! *appomted by the Goveroor during the recess of the istatay Leqisiatare. Of the above Senators, the following have been Governors of Georgia, elected at the times stated, viz.— George Walton Jamas Jackson 1789, Gsorge M. Troup 1788, John Forsyth. Jouiah ‘Tatoall 1801 Wileon Lompkia......1831, Jobn Milledge. 1802 Herschel V. Johusoa. 1963. Georgia, having by a State Convention assembled at Angusta, with great unsnimity adopted the con. stitution of the United States on the 2d January,1788, became early distinguished for its uniform adherence tothe oldrepublican party organized by Jefferson and Madison. The two signers of the constitution in the convention at Philadelphia, William Few and Abra- bam Baldwin, were elected to represent the State in the first Congress—the former in the Senate, and the latter in the House of Representatives; but they were both considered republicans, and generally co operated with the anti-federalists in opposing Wash- ington’s administration. Some of the measures of Washington and Hamilton, however, received the support of the Georgia Senators, But the State never sent a federalist to cither branch of Couvgress, under the old organization of pasties, nor are we aware that the federal party had any deiuite ex- istence in Geor, sin South Carolina, where that party was sometimes predominant. The population of Georgia has always been mainly Anglo-Saxon, from its settlement as a colo- ny to the preceat time. There have been, it is true, some exceptions in the Highland and Lowland Seotch coloniste; but Georgia has always been cou- be seen by the names of her Senators and Repre- tives in Congress, nearly all of whom show their Anglo-Saxon or Scoteh origin, It is worthy of remark that the largest proportion of the people of Georgia have, from early times boen brovght up ia or connected with the Methodist Church, the predominant religious sect in that State. This fact is doubtless to be attributed to the ons of Wesley and Whitfield 1m the infancy of the colony, who then planted the seed of Methodisin ne soil peculiarly favorable to its growth. Hence stamping ground of the Methodists, a sect remarka- bly lavoradie to the old democracy, but more dubious in the medern division of political parties, We are ena ed to give brief biographical sketches of the most prominent of the foregving list of Sena- lors, with the political ives of whom we are gene- ¢ lamiliar, particularly with such names aa of our own times. Bit for local information, and notices of indiviiuals less known ont of their own State, we are indebted to the Rev. George White's historical collections of Georgia, recen'ly published, a workef great value to the student and the poli- tivian. Colonel William Few, one of the Georgia Seuators in the first Congress, was a descendant of one of the original settlers of Pennsylvania, and was born in Baltimore county, Maryland, on the 8th of June, 1748. His paternal ancestor, who was from Wales, and whose family name was written Ffew, accompa- nied Willism Penn in his emigration to this country. The parents of Col. Few, when he was ten years of age, remoyed with their family to Orange county, North Carolina, when the son bsd the benefit of a good education. He imbibed sound principles and virtucus habits, and, at the commencement of the Revolution, took the patriotic side. In 1776 he re. moved to Georgia, when the Revolution was in active progress, and a committee of public satety conducted the affairs of government. Soon after his arrival he wus elected a member of the Convention called to frame a State constitution. At the ensuing election he was chosen a member of Assembly for Richmond county, and by that body was appointed one of the council. From this period to that of the adoption of the coustitation of the United States, aod afterwards, with short intervals, to the elose of 1804, he was coastantly employed in public ail ‘The ea ary service of Few was performed in repulsing @ British foree which invaded Goorgia from East Viorida. He was eferwards employed in expeditions ogaint the Creek Indians, when be acted as Lieutenant Colonel In L778 he was ap- poi eral of the State, also that of pres of Richmond county. In 1779 he was re-elected 3 member of the body, in January, 1780, he was appointed a member f thy al Congress, aud in the foilowiog May sat, while is was in session in Phila delpbia, Soon after the peace of 1783 Coionel Few ia, aud was again elected to the 4, for the ose of revising the laws and reorganiz- ing the affairs of the State. He now engaged in the practive of law, and acquired a high rem putation as an advocate, counsellor, aud de. bater. His talents, knowledge, aad experience induced the Legislature again to elect him a member of the Continental Congress, whe: +3 of interest to Georgia were pending before that body. He was subsequently elected, a member of the convention for fremiog the United States constitution, which met at Philedelphia in 1787, and, with Abraham Baldwin, sffixed his signature to the coustitution, in bebalf ef Georgia. He then repaired to the Siate, to exert his influence in favor of the adoption by her ot the proposed constitution, and was elected a delegate from Richmond county to the State Convention which met in Augusta, in December, 1737, aud by which the constitution was ratifled a few days after- words. The Legislature then appointed him one of the Senators in the first Congress. In 1788 Coloney Few married Catharine, daughter of Commodore cholson, of the United States Navy. In the Senate ot the United States the course of | Colonel Few was that of a moderate republican. He | supported some of the measures of Washington's ad- ministration, and was favorable to tHe charter of the fist Bank of the United States, although op. posed to some of its provisions. In generaj bowevyer, he acted with his coiieagues in both houses, in the opposition of the repubWicaus to the measares brought forward by Hamilton and other iesders of the federal party. When his term of service expired, in March, 1798, Col. Few retired with his family to in Georgi, and resumed bis agricultural > he was elected a member of the ature, which deciared the Yazoo act 1. About the same time be was appoint- one of the districts iato whica the State was aiyided, and after taree years service on the bench he resigned on accouut of ili health. In the summer of 1709 he removed with his family to the city New York, where he continued to reside until the close of b fe. He owsed a splendid mansion in Park place, in this city, and was conspicaous asa pud- Jic spirited citizen whenever his services were called He was for some years President of the City Bank, and bis wealth and geuer disposition ena- bled him to take prominent rank asa public bene factor. Colonel Few was & zealous advoo: vancement of, end favored toe doctrines of, protec- tion to American Industry. In 1520 the friends of s protective tariff brought forward Heary Ebkford as a candidate for Congress, to run against Mr. Combreleng, who had been nominated at Tammany {,asanantrtarii? maa. The Mr. Eckford was held at Dool: p Sixth wai moan, and Icha null and ve ed Judge of ate forthe ad- ting t> nomi- ‘s long room, in 3, when Colonel Few acted as chair Prali as secretary. In January, » the friends of @ protective tariff met at Tam Hall, to organize the preseot American Losti- on which occasion Colonel Few presided, and tly choven the first President of th year, viz: on the 16th then eighty years of age. was subse the same being lieagne Guan f C we have ved twelve years ia the lone! Few in the 0 full terms, snd acted with the Dem n party with probably more ani ew, in those racasures ormity thaa Jone hich distinguished eput iliste ylicans from the Fede Jamus Jackson, who succeoded Colonel Few as Senator, in 1793, was born in England iu September, 1757. He emigrated to Savannat in Georgia when only fifteen years of age, and was received into a sidered a decided Anglo Saxon community, as may | Georgia bas been always the favorite camping and | Few, Baldwin, Troup, Crawford, Forayth, aud those | the | yislatare, by which | office, where he commenced his studies, Buthe soon laid aside his law books to take part in the Revolu. tionary contest, and embraced the patriotic side. He was engaged in many of the actions with the Britich in the Seuthern States, holding various mili- tary ranks until he was raised to that of Lieutenant Colonel. He served under Generals Green and Wayne, and was the first American officer who, in actual command, entered S€vannah after the evacua- tion by the British in 1782. After the war he resided and practised law at Savannah, and married a daugh ter of William Young, Esq., an ardent patriot. When elected to the Legislature, he acted with great mag- napimity in advocating the release of the penalties and confiscations against tories. In 1784 he was ap- pointed Colonel, aud in 1786 Brigadier General, when military duties in Georgia were peculiarly ardnous, on account of Indian hostilities. When he wos thirty-one years of age, in 1788, he was elected Governor of Georgia, but for satisfactory reasons de- clined the office. In 1789 he was elected by the people of the Hastern district a Representative in the First Congress. Between this period and 1806 he held almost every high office in Georgia, viz.: mem: ber of the Legislature, Major General, Delegate to the State Convention to frame the present consiitu- tion of Georgia—of which he wrote the greater part —Presidential Elector, Governor, and United States Senator. In1791 General Anthony Wayne, 0’ the Revolutionary army, who had become a citizen of Georgia, ran against Jackson for Congress. An ani- mated contest took place, and General Wayne was returned. Jackson contested the seat, and obtained a decision of the House that General Wayne wes not elected. By the casting yote of the Speaker the House refused to declare Jackson elected. Ths mat ter was therefore referred to the people, but Jack son was chosen United States Senator by the Legis lature. He resigned his seat in 1795, buta few years after was sgain chosen Senator for the term commencivg March 1801. He died before the ex: piration ot bis term, at Washington, March 19, 1806. Gxorss Wanvon was born ip Frederick county, Virginia, ia 1740, and received & limited ecucation, He served as an apprentice to the trade of a carpenter, after which be removed: to | Georgia, aud etadied law with Heary Young, Esq. | He took an active part on the patriotic side im the | Revolutionary war, and was chosen a delegate to the | Continental Congress, in 1776. He was six times electeda member of that body, snd his name is | affixed to the Declaration of Independence. When | Savannah was taken by the Brith, under Colonel | Campbell, Walton commanded a battalion on the right of the American army. In tiis battle he was wounéed and taken prisoner. Ii 1779 he was ex- changed, and in October. was eected Governor of Georgia, Besides other importeat offices waich he held, he was Judge of the Supeior Court for fifteen years, until his death, at Argusta, in February, 1801. Josiau TATNALL was borr ata place below Sa. yannah ; his father was Colom Josiah Tatnall. At the age of eighteen le enterel the army of General Wayne, near the close of the Revolutionary wh, and no opportunity presented for distinguishing himself. ‘After he was placed in oflict, aud advanced to the station of Brigadier General, he rendered important services during Indian hostilities. He was several times elected to the Legiskture, and in 1796 was ! chosen U. 8. Senator forthe balance of the term, which expired in 1799. Hz died in the West Indies | in 1804, and his remains, sccording to his dying re- ques’, were removed to his native place in Georgia. AvratsM BALDWIN wis a native of Connecticut, and having removed to Gerrgia, he took an active | part in political affairs. He was a member of the | Continental Congress from 1786 to 1788, and was ' also a delegate with Colone Few to the Convention | gt Philadelphia in 1787,,waich formed the United States Constitution. Having affixed his name to | that instrument, he was caosen one of the three | members to represent Georgia in the House of Re- | presentatives in the First Congress. In that body be continued to serve fir ten years, being five times | elected by the people, and was one of the most zeal- | ous of the opponents of Wasbington’s aud John Adoms’s administration. In 1799 having been | | 1 | | | | chosen United Statea Senator by the Lezislatate, he took his seat in that body, and was re-elected, after | cix years service for another term. Bat he died in 1807, and was succeeded by George Jones, who re- | ceived his appointment from the Governor and served until the Legislature elected William H. Crawford, in November, 1807. Joun MituepGe was descended from ancestors | who came to Georgia with Gen. Oglethorpe. He | was born in Savannah, in 1757, received a good edu- | cation, and studied law with the King’s attorney. He entered into the service of the couatry daring the Revolutionsry war, and few made more ¢ostly sacrifices in the cause of the country. After the war he became one of the leading men of the day. As a member of the Legislature, as Governor of Georgia, as a member of both houses of Congress, his course gave satisfaction to the people. He was the firet to advance everything to promote the in- terests of Georgia. He was ene of the first in origi- nating the State University, and distinguished himself in his opposition ty the celebrated Ya- zoo fraud. The present political capital of Georgia derives its name from Governor Mil ledge. He died at the Sand Hills, near Augusta, in February, 1518, aged sixty-one years. Witiiam H. Crawrorp wasa native of Virginia, end was born in Amherst county, February 24, 1772. His anzestors came from Scotland. His father emi- gra‘ed from Virginia to Edgefidd district, South | Carolina, In 1779, and in 1783 he removed to Colam- bia county, Georgia, where he diel five years after. wards. William H. Crawford was a lad daring the revolation, and was brought up among scenes of pecuniary sufferiog and excitement. After the dcath,of his father, Mr. Crawford ia order to aid in the support of his mother’s family, devoted himself to the occupation of @ schoolmaster until he had an opportunity of entering a classical academy himself, being desirous to become acquainted with the leara- ed languages. He accordingly became a student in the academy, where his progress was so groat that he was 00n employed a3 an assistant. After two ycats spent in this academy he wen} to Angusta, and formed a conrection wich Charleg Tait, (after- wards Juijge aud U.S. Senator,) in the management of the Ricimond Academy. In 1799 he removed to Lexington, in Oglethorpe connty, and commenced the practice of law. ‘It was not long before his ta lents and great attention to busivess placed him at the head of his profession. For three years he rep- resented Oglethorpe county tn the Levislatare, aad ben became a prominent candidate for bigher pub- » favors. In aber, 1807, be was elected to the United States ate iot the balance of Mr, Baldwin's term, which expired ia Mareh, 1811, and was reclected for another term, but resigned ia April, 1813, in consequence of receiving from Presi dent Madieon the appointment of Minister to France. In the United Stetes Sevate Mr. Crawford ocet a station among the leading members, and was for time Presidcut pr nm. He differed with his me leading wessures, i a recewal of the cl ir of ited States Baok, which expired in 1811. Crawferd voted for toe renewal of the charter, sich was defeated in the Senate by the cast- vole of the e President (G - ). Mr. Crawford was, nonstes er aaoae ocate of the measures atopted by Congress P parutory to war with Great Buitain, aud yored for be Declaration of War in June, 1812, Having fe- of Minister to France in “ bw seat io the Senate and bis mission to Paris, where he re- 1 During ime he showed him- sntry’s rights, y by hisepen rsafion When he re )in 1Slé, he was ap- On tie ecceseion of appoin'ed Secretary of Vat the head of that de- 4 sGmiodstta-, before the the ali- United States, On votes, and James Mon: #0 near did ( come at! that tae to receiving the regular noulnation for President. He wes considered by the Southern democrats ‘rom that time up to 1823, as the most prominent candidate for the succession to President Monros. Bata Api pt for Io IS16 be had nal caus te for Presi sion he rec arid dha re 65 ; Court intrigue in tion of circumstances arose to it the consum- mation of the wishes of his The views of Mr. Crawford were known to be conservative as a ‘ststesman. He was favorable to a national bank, to a protective tariff, to internal im, its by the cen Sach ae dots mangers since are: sup] 6 wi party our times. Yet Mr. Crawford ra pat forwardas the democratic candidate, expected to be nominated by a congres- tional caucus, and his su; re in C called “ radicals.” The £ ims of rival candidates, Adams, Jackson, Clay and Calhoun, were ur, a those of Mr. Crawford, and their tive fMlonds joined in their labors to renter uentaton sional caucus odious and unpopular. Hence the caucus was confined to ot. Crawford’s friends, and composed only of about One fourth of the whole num- ber of members of the two houses. It consequently had very little influence with the people, and Mr. Crawford lost the election. During the canvass for the Presidency Mr. Craw- ford wasyattacked with lysia, which deprived him for a time of his sight, his speech, and use of some of his limbs, and which so shocked his whole nervous system as seriously to impair his memory and to obscure his intellect. This sad event depress- ed the spirits of his friends, and forced him for a time a prs from the fale’ of his Gan en a struggle of mavy months, his speech, to a great ex- tent, was restored; he regained the use of his limbs, and his vision was slightly improved. But his great intellect had been blighted to a degree which human skill could not reach, and was never again to return with its original strength and lustre. After the dential election, Mr. Crawford—hay- ing declined Mr. Adams's offer of continuing him in the office of Secretary of the Treasury—retired to peaeh, and in 1827 was appointed ee Legisla- ture Judge of the Northern Circuit, which he held until his death, in Elbart county, September 16, 1834. His age was sixty-two years, and his remains yaeie at Woodlawn, his seat in Oglothorpe county. Cuarves Tarr was a man of fine talents, and re- sided in Eloert county. He was rector of the Rich- mond Academy in 1795,ané wasa Senator in Con- co ve ten years, ako a Judge of the Superior Jour' GasonGE M. Taour was born on Tombigbee river, in whet was then the territory of Georgia, now Al; bama, in September, 1750. He received a classical education, partly in Georgia and partly on Lo: Island in this State. He graduated at Princeton col- lege inNew Jersey, aud studied law in Savannah. Entering into pubiiclife,he was elected at an early age, in 1501, tothe Legislatareof Georgia, and again cho- sen in the two following years. In 1806 he was elected to Congress, and continued 2 member of the house until 1515,when he withdrew to private life. In 1816, contrary to bis wishes, he was elected United States Senator, but continued only two years in that body. To 1823 be was elected Governor of Georgia, and re- tiredin 1827. In 1828 he was again chosen United States Senator, and resigned in 1833, He resides in Laurens county. Joun Forsyra was born in Frederick county, Virginia, and removed with his father to Georgia, when he was about four years of age. He received a classical education, and graduated at Princeton college, in 1799. He studied law in Augusta, and commenced practice in 1802. Soon after, he was appointed Attorney-General of the State, and in 1811 was elected ‘to Congress. He continued to serve in the House until 1818, when he was elected tothe United States Senate. He resigned the fol- lowing rar on being appointed Minister to Spain, at which Court he remained several years. While in Spain he was elected to the House of Representa- tives, and took his seat in Cougressin 1823. He was elected Governor of Georgia in 1827, and in 1829 again chosen United States Senator, continuing to serve in that capacity until 1834, when he succeeded Mr. McLane as Secretary of State. He retired at the close of Mr. Van Buren’s administration, in March, 1841, and died st Washington city, October 21,1841, in the 60th year of his age. Mr. ae tos married a sister of Henry Meigs, Bed, of this city, a native of New Haven, Connecticut; and one of his daughters married Judge Iverson, the recently elected United States Senator. Most of the remaining Sexators are well known to politica! men, but the limits of this arti- cle prevents us from giving particuiar sketches of their public career. Affairs in Washington City. (Coorespondence of the Philadelphia North American.) : Wasuine ron, Feb. 2, 1854. Abela be politics are a mixture oi facts and fencies. Among the latter I class the report of the coup d'etat in Spain, and the proposed elevation to the throne of the Duke of Aloa, brother-in-law to the French usurper. I believe the ramor originates in an amateur despatch from one of the fighting diplomatists at Madrid. The two Soulés are ad- vei turous and chivalrous gentlemen, ani like them both for resenting so promptly and gallantly the sight attempted to be put upon their relative. But they have not # Jittle ot the french precipitancy in politics as in wer and love. The idea of acquiring Cuba as the result of a Madrig isubsurd. The suggestion of superseding Isabella by enthroning a brother of Evgenie, is a monstrous stretch of imagination. Spain is disturbed, aud will never be setiled until the quarre! between absolutism aud coastisutional- ism shall be adjusted. The stupid interference of the great Napoleon in Spain, sad his unpriacipled usurpation of the crown for Joseph, were his ruio. Bis pephew cannot rival his brilliant achievements, bnt he can avoid his foilies and errors. The destruc- tion of French armies in Spain was a prelude and cause of the disgsters at Leipsic, the Russian cam- ign, and the™eapitulation of Paris. Louis Napo- eon is about to go to war with Russia, and probably with Austria. He wili not he guilty, at such a time, of the eth of sending armies into Spain to sup- port the brother of his wife in pretensions to royalty, which he knows would arouse to arms every Span- iard from the Biddessca vo the Rock of Gibraltar. Nevertheless, I think it not improbable taat Mr. Soulé may have written home that if he can ouly set by the ears the adherents of the Queen and the partizans of the Carlist aud Bourbon cause, he can secure Cuba to the United States in the contusion of the melee. But wiser and profounder meu than our Minister do not perene the slightest probability of such aresult, The opportunities of purchasing the island in the supposed contingency would be no bet- ter than they were during the jong civil war of tne success'cn, Which began in 1833, and ended only with the mirority of the reigning Queen. During three years of thattime Gen. Jackson ruled the ad- minisiration of our government, aad Mr. Forsyth was Minister in Spain, and an abler one we couid not have had. ‘It certainly caunot be charged that there was avy want of energy in the m emcnt of our foreign relations during that period. Yet Cuba was not purchased. Tenor twelve years later Mr. Buchanan cffered one hundred millions of dollars for Cuba, but the tempting offer was not looked at. Precedent and probability are all against the truth of the rumor. The proceedings of yesterday in the House settle the fate of the bill for the prevention of interruptions on railroads, aimed at the Eris people. It is evi- dent that the Will cannot pass. The House appears to be about equally divided upon it ; but the com- bination of interests and opinion against it is too strong to be overcome, and I doubt whether the bill will be taken up again. The New Yorkers and Obtowne, and the West generally, appeared too eager ior the onee of the bill. But the united vote of Penorylvan's, aes to the power and intluence of Maryland and Virginia, which sre interested ia the arversion of trade from New York, and the general sentiments of the South against the coercvn of a State, rendered their zeal and ardor completely im- potent. Detroit aud Michigan aided ip the defeat of the measure, beause it is hoped that the Erie war may add to the business of their rail across tre Cana- dian peninsula. Mr. Ort, of South Carolina, was active and efficient in resisting the bill, and may pos sibly be loosing too strong Pennsylvanian vor ia he yext Congress for Speaker. The aspec’ of the affuir ts much changed by the repeal of the charter under which the obnuxijous road was built. If that repeal is valid aud coacln- sive astotbe right w use the improvement, then the question is ended. If .ot, the daties of the Exe- cutive to repress the disorders .oy a military torce, if that be required, is plaiv. [ understand that the subject was under consideration in me Cabinet today, but cannot learn tuas any course of action was de‘ermived upon. The Unmon fornishes no confirmation of the statemeut that Uni- ted States tr ops have been ordered to Erie. Tauis unfortunate cecorrgnce will lead to an investigation of the important question of the rights of the States to regulate and restrict the making of roads and the transportation of passengers aud werccandise tarough their territories. The qaestion is @ very ipterestiag one for Marsland and New Jersey, woich derive o great revenue from taxes npon travel and trade be~ ween States on either side of them, Tbe minority of the committee on the Pacific Rail- road have rotagreed to the alleged bill proposing do- nations for three routes. Lé has nevertneless beea re solved to report iton that beeis, and it may be ex- pected in the course of the following week The Committee on Post Offices and Pow Roads will re-ort, on Huesday next, a bill for the dis tinuance of all contracts for carry the maths tn occan steamers, and als bdraw in Se ber next, the extra ¢ to tue Coliias lice. Th bill will pass and that t fi 1 be contracts will b¢ re-let to the lowest bi ders, or that tae govern ent will take postession Of the steamirs,as they are already aatherizea todo, sud ron thom ou account of the department 1 & Dill es ablishing Fraacisco to Shunghee, in Chm. (Woxrerpentionce of the B Wasting Quite an animated corre jence is taking plas in the Washington papers on the subject of tae Gads- den treaty. Some of the outsiders, who expected to pe “in town” a8 soon as the treaty should get here, speak of the territory of Arezonia (1!) being large enough for two rlave States, and that it contains “zich placers,” which will be explored b negroes, committee will econ report : | matt tice, by steamers, from dau All this is moonshine—and not it moon- either. Tt is the light of the Boon the last The territory of Arezonia ought to be called Fi endia, for it the fag end of nature, with no ome acers in it than those to be discovered by some Dr. yardiner, and for after the same ‘ion. I have no doubt assoon as the treaty shall be rati- fied (if such a Shing. were possible) somebody will trump up a claim for the loss of the placers which pobosy, wiil be able to find, and for which, therefore, the United States or Mexico will be held responsible. It is not the land conveyed by the treaty and the treaty itself, which contains the placers, and they are just worth five millicns of dollars. Col. Benton is prepering an onslaught on the Ne- braska bill, in conjunction with the Pacific Railroad project. Col. Benton’s opposition to the bill is much io be regretted. In the coalition formed by the pre- sent administration, it was a blunder to overlook and exclude the great men of the party. With the exce) tion cf Marcy, there is no prominent statesman the whole coalition; and he, if Iam not very much mistaken, is not a very ie cen avery enthusiastic mapper of the Nebraska bill. He is, however, bound to go for it, strong officially. Wasuinaton, Feb. 3, 1854. Mrs. Jefferson Davis's reception last evening, al- though not attended as numerously as on some former occasions, was a brilliant affair. The army was well rapeseed ty officers in full uniform, Sena- tors, members of the House of Representatives, and other distinguished 5 In the Northern iberties a large and elegant wed- ding party took place at the residence of the Rev. r. + Great preparations are in pro} for the Presi dent’s levee and the soiree’ of” Mra. Postmaster General Campbell, on C. street, this evening. it is whispered ‘in fashionable circles that one of our beautiful young belles will shortly become united in hymenial bonds to a member ot Cabinet. It is said that the young aay possesses beauty, high accomplishments and wealth. At the agricultural bureau of the Patent Office Mr. Townsend Glover has on exhibition upwards of 2,000 specimens of all the fruits which are cultivated in ibis country, (except the peach) the nane of each, description of the soil, locality,and msny other parti- colsrs interesting to every orchardist. These speci- mens are manufactured in composition, and appear Beeteouy natural to the eye. No less tuan four hun- red varieties of the apple, and about five handred of the pear, are here displayed. Besides the fraits are any ote of fish, reptiles, Ke, beautifal to hold. : (Correrpendence of the Datroit Free Press } Wasuinaton, Jan. 27, 1854. Mr. James Lane, of New York, now in {this city, eho has been engaged in the surveys for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Darien, states that he las discovered o new route for @ canal across the isthmus, which will require only tea miles of cutting. A large- lake, hitherto un- Known, composes a part of this new iateroceanic communication. Mr. Lane considers that this route is far preferable to the Nicaragua or any other isth- mian route. The discovery is certainly a valuable one, if it proves to be all that is claimed for 1. Mr, Lane returns to the isthmus to survey this route. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS. [From the Wesbington Star, Feb. 3, ENDORSEMENT ON BILLS ON THE GOVERNMENT. A case of much interest has recently been adjudi- cated atthe Treasury Department, which may be stated as follows:—A disbursing officer of the government, duly authorized, drew a bill on the proper department in favor of an individual, or his order, which individasl endorsed itin blank. Subse- quent to the blank endorsement of the payee, there was another endorsement in blank, pur; orting to have been made by 4h attorney of the endorser, but there was no proof that the person claiming to be the attorney was authorized to act in that capacity. ‘The question was—whether the holder of the bill could be paid? It was held that he might be paid, on the ground that while the first lorsement re- mains blank, the right of the holder to recover as the immediate assignee of the first endorser is not re- stricted by subsequent endorsements. Even if those subsequent endorzements were all in fall, so that the holéer could deduce a regular title through them, he would not be bound to do so, but might strike them all out and claim simpiy under the first blank endorsement. _ THE GADSDEN TREATY. Last evening and to-day it was said on ihe avenue that this treaty does not contain 9 final release from ajl demands under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, as heretofore generally represented. If this be trae, it is by no means wonderlul that the President hesi- tates whether or not to send it into the Senate, as is alleged by those who take on themselves the duty of ‘knowing every thing going on.’ For our rt, We were never knowing. ‘e know quite as ttle about the real facts involved in tais Gadsdea treaty as it is possible for one to know who is forced to be a3 rouch “around town” as ourself. So we state nothing concerning it as more than iloating conver- sation on the avenue. PROTESTED BILLS ON THR GOVSANMENT. It has been the .ettled and uniform practice of the government, in the settlement of accounts, not to allow interest or damages on protested bills, under whatever circumstances they may have been drawao and protested ; Lor are costs on protested bills paid except in comipliance with a special act of Con- gress. AMERICAN CONSUL AT LONDON. We feel satisfied that the nomination of George N. Sanders, Esq., for this position, is now peading be; fore the Senate. “ THE CAUGUS ON THE NEBRASKA-KANSAS BILL. {from the Wasbiagtoa Star, fed. 4 } We learn that a congultation or caucus of the Se- nators, friends of the Nebraska and Kansas bill, was held yesterday morning. Thirty-nine or forty mem- bers of the Senate were present. hey were not dix tinguished by party affiliations or by any sectional Classification. It was decided that a fair chauce should be given tothe opponents of the ‘bill to de- bate it fully, but that the bill should be passed to a decision without delay, and in preference to all other business before the Senate. We yresume that a like po- licy will be adopted in the House, and that on the pas- sage of the bili by the Senate, iv will be takea up im- mediately in the House, and if its supporters have the strength, as is notdoubted, all other business will be postponed to it. This isa wise course, as Con- gress shall then go on and settle the other matters before it without this exciting subject creating ob- stacles to calm and dispassionate consideration. We are informed that another consultation of Senators was held this morning. THE CURRENT OPERATIONS OF THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT. On the 2d of February there were of treasury warrants entered on the books of the department :— For the recemp.ion of stooka $09,088 03 For the payment of other 7489 968 For the Customs 41,756 80 8,206 77 44704 For re paying for the Wa 9,498 78 For the Navy Department. 67.960 6: For the Interior Department + 8.024 00 Appointments by the President, By and with the advice and consent of the Senate. ‘ CUstOM HUUSE OF FLZERS, COLL «CrOR. John T. Hudson, of Buffalo, New York. SURVHYORS. Daniel L. Willcom, of Ipswich, Mass. Sidsey B. Smith, of Pawtuxet, R. 1. John Gladding, jr., of Bristol, R. I. William BE, Cozzens, of North Kingston, R. L. Augustus C. Millard, of Bast Greenwich, R. 1, Widiam Has oen, of Hartierd, Conn. Andrew Agnew, of New Branswick, N. J. Canby Pennington, of Havre de Grace, Md. William Shangs, ot City Point, Va. Charles Fagot, Ponchartrain, La. A. Benton Moses, ot Nesquatiy, W. T. William Martin, of Aiton, Ll. NAVAL OFFICERS. Nicholas Brown, Newburyport, Masa. Charles Millet, of Saicm aud Beveriy, Mass, Silas A. Comstock, of Providence, R, 1. Milton Hall, of Newvort, R. 1. John Romeyn Brodnead, of New York, N. Y. Christopher ©. Robinson, of Norfolk and Ports- movth, Va. ‘Thomas Lynch Hamilton, of Savannah, Ga. AYPRAISERS, 3 Doniel D. Briggs, of New York, N.Y. Jeaac Phillips, of New York, N.Y Semuel J. Willis, of New York, N.Y. William J. McIntosh, of New York, N. Y. ASSISTANT ATPRAISENS. Peter Herman, of New Orleans, La. Francis Leech, ot New Orleans, La. SUPERVISING INSPRUT KS OF STBAMBOATS, ; Augustus Walker, of Buffalo, N. Y., Ninth district. Ieauc Lewis, of Monroe, Mf Eighth district. John &. Brown, of Baltimore, Md., Cuird district. William Burnett, of Boston, Mass , First district. W. E. Muir, of New Orleaus, La., Fourth district. United States Cireutt Court. B fore How. Jicgs Betis. Horace H Day vs The New England One Spring The complainant lv tule ease filed » bli a. dete serticg op th t was itt D FM, Obsfiea, that C niles bed » in July, 1858 ; that tr don no License of pers misetom from the esid One mproverment or irvertion,”’ and praytrg # this pill the feu inate 99% ap t by Cuaifer to Wile Jadeon to them ta Sap toe bill ware adenit- that whtoh eharget the etor heenas, The plaintil thea +xeou fon of the dufecemt fendanta elateved thls, Dat red thew by wodue igpment had besa © Judron, Day Ras the counsel for ¢ ‘et not is title, To wedge rs ed Firet=-Ax @p ¢ ia the bill, aad tasrafore tncom- Seoond—Becape if read, the de- e E i i Hl ef i F Fase last one, Fitth—The affidavits of Wm. 5 Ogag e thaniel Hayward, John R. Ford, F. M. ty, endothe, and iioting in every material particular statement ond they far the vari to controvert offer lous cont case made by the complainant; and they offer palfland oaths of Chaffee nifd of impeach theég tradictory Day to veracity, and so discredit their testimony. Jvdge Betts, however, refased to allow the defendants to deny the ations of the plaintif’s new affidavits, and ordered the canse to proceed. Thompson, the cous- sel for the defendants, ssid he could not consent to pro- eved with the argument of apy motion for isjatetes, this or any other court in which his clients were mitted te be heard to contradict the facta on which hey were to be injoined, sot ace left the court, Judge Betts then allowed tne plaintiff to proceed with his motion, which was on argument when the court ad- journed. Advices from Jackson, Mississippi, dated Jani tay that a m lew nights since Topi P. Poltobard ay was murdered his . Five Who were concerned in the perl have Cane arrested and have confessed the crime, and hb ‘trial. Mr. P. was formerly of Sippican, oo aes BARITINE ISTELBI New York.... Aspinwall Btar of the West..New York.,.,..San Juan, OCT WA ma All and 5 nares lelers intended for the Naw Youn ALMANAC FOR NEW YORK—THIB DAY, (6 | MOON EMTS. ...cee serves 2 08 5 23 | HIGH WATER.,....02+.06 2,80 Nn AAA rere Port of New York, February 5, 1854. ARRIVED. Bhip Cumloden Cratle (Br), M’) ve ip len Castle (Br), M’Donnall, Liverpool, 47 days, Sobr Chioftain (Br), Fraser, Bydney, NS, 16 days, with coal. to J § Whitney Neweastle, Del, 2 days, eH STON ergy co} of 1b 4 Senr Bi vane aed » Viry 1 eae 2, Gould, from ship Chauneep ‘Goorgo’s Creck, Powell, Baltimore, Wind at sunrise, NNE; meridian ESE; sunset, SE. Schr Commers Sobr Frenklin Segome Jr, The steamshi; NOrl eH ¢ steamship Texas, at NOrleans 48 hou yen ber ‘tae 8 rs) Ai cn brill eye oped 5 " ich prevented communton- Berton, bas been slg hip Bhi as eae ee third of the Liverpool pack Bath in 1819, oepper fastened ana oo ‘tion in this city on the Jat inst, for Missinc Vesseis—Feare are oatertaincd for the ‘which sailed from Hedtumgon By wiin whens suited. fom Posed to have the Lobo be ey Marine Heports, a regu Feb 6—Thore have been no arrivals during the Herald Marine Corres; nee. 7 Sein Peng. Yaris Baymore, Richm vis Norfolk; Well, Primrose, Saulila biver Ge. — bt “th—Cld bark Von Vincko,’ Harde, London; Walter, Huortb, Antigua nod a Dat; Whostod, Jordan date fim O: Boston from Ustouits, in the mip OxxcO, a8 Boston from Ualoutte, in the Bay of Rane gslerrung rodder head, and hed to. steer with tiles Mhipred abate tbe rudder on the oust. Bank Henarerta, of Seare: Do ‘Wainscott, ey ee baa mid sasivans fron Nowkork 23th ule, ono it wee supped 10 Wo! iY days, ard breoget here. Paha ale' 2! Bric Matitpa, at Charleston from Lubec, Me, Laeger | heavy gales, split ails, lost boat, foreto, tinea, sustained other SLRS. bag at four Rockrncxam, which was burnt and sunk in Bostom harbor, bas been raved, and is now’on the flats, " cur Mary, Inte of Providenos. before ted ashi Gardiner’s 1s and, has been got of and takenve Greeaperse ESTRAMER A Fuster, 7th blown out to ugar nud molasses, ran ito the oni a, bickostesmp! or term Dorsri Spoken. Bttp Getta, from Liverpool for NOrleans, Jan 17, 19838 on 82. 83, bi ington, Bibber, from Portland for Ha- vane Jon 2 Ist B10 Lew eT ae Cerne Brig Broome Fuiton, from Cardenas for Boston, Feb 1, of S Bheal. Foreign Ports. in port Jan &, brig Gaselle, Brazier, for Bostom ‘Bld abt Jan 27, bark Ootavis, Woodbury, Po: tiand. Rio Jangrro—In port Deo 27, ships Water Witch, Plumer, trom Boston for ren Fi Oy nerd a Fhaaton, Hallet, steamer Americ: ; barks Leocg, Watts, weg orders; rep, con. fears Cool do, b for San Francises, Spear: sod Willies Watson. jor NUrleans same d: Ida; Hormi Lebon, tm Baltimvre; Rainbow, 1g; Ortone 801 u Lisb: i adept it act; brits Suse 2 Hol; Hi BALTIMORE—Arr nelro Dye 27. Cl br: 2, Boveail. nore, Me: LR eo 2f. AM bark She rwoo: a, \ Qcld Bure, a’ Intyre, Philadelphi J Crowell Curri r, Lavaca, Columbia, Sti to ark Tom Corwin, maw, Uber, Buckstille, 80; Francis ‘ll, Savensah; ot Brawn Evens, No folk; City of New ws, Philadephia. —Art Jan WW, 20, Boston; eng, Taom: , Moctheas, der bark Louie co, brian Matilda, Luvt, Luboo, Mo, via & ter; sonra Eliza Frisbi ‘w T-lan a8, aged 4 us, Bee onderd, Havre; sobre Heston, D Warner, Garmeu, 4 Ye and Wal Lav: x Vio aN a Northern rrow (Bri, i (Ua) Av sanive Copan brig. Mavealian Prenton = ¥ Taare Usroline Giant, Sorry. Wikalee Bouo, Lesden N¥ok BatTPURT—Sid Jan 26, bri M Wi mn, Anderson, Waversae; Molunnas, Carpenter, NOIR; FE Techs heed Rondy, Coembs «0 i FALL RIVEK—Arr Fob 2, sohr Marthe Wrizhtingtom, bea Teaca Suva, Baer shiner. te rw Cla trig Watton do. MOBILE—Cld Jan 28, stot Bavane and ¥ York; ebip Jas NSW ORLESASS—arr Jan iu y von, Bo.en, ‘Bo ow ebip Tarquiz, bark Dolptos, from cl Thompyon Liverpool; Ch ap ghar, lowes, Havre; Brill fi Montegno, simpson, Havens) NSerk Partbonis, Snept, Beste verpeod; bere egenctia, Skil! op waua; fr sone G Towed to sem 24sh, wot an Chiof, RO Jobnet in; LK Are Fob 2 bark Abeo rg yoter, tv: n ran ork Cla briga Ris ope; Jade Aun, Johnson, yarbar i Palestiog, Richi de ter NYon ome all the vertels re ob 3. two tore and af cohra, ome PROVIDED Ch supposed & daha Aline Bagretty 4 Atwood, Caries onty, Gaker, Wiel Oreron, Rurovill Savannah Boedavi ie, Su, for Freopert. Sid dared W Androwy: » Forest Stare; solr & Marebal i y, NYork; Kovouva, ANNA --arr Jon 3, ™ Say Wat ins, N ord; Slat, sap Sowioor, ow darks Brothers, Doran Laverpeol; Cp: