The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1854, Page 6

SE NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, BYVICH ¥. W. CORNER OF FULEON AND NASBAU STB. ERMB cask DAILY HERALD 3 cents per copy—Bi per caneem WEEKLY HERALD every Jy beterday et onc ce or 3° ocr annum, Serpe per an ‘go any part / Great tirade. and Ws to any pari af the have yen mal Dubdvert tina, or with ddoer- ‘Pall, or the postage oil Be educted from Vede Grenymens communications atreot- OUR Best So- cry Paris ave Los WATIONAL SRE. Aarriz Kary. Bycnag—Unc etreet—Afternoon— ‘8 CABIN. © THEATRE, Srosdway—Bacwecon oF eee ee ey Hiner oF BUSINESS —CURIOSITIE® OF Lien arure AMERICAN MUSRU4—Atteorn00n—Tom Tuume ~Try- NG ir ON. Sy eDlag—T MUMB MONEY BRUADWAY MENAGERIE—Btanrse Twins Avy WiLp Braves CHYISTY'S AMBRICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broad- way—STHIOPIAN MELODIES BY CMRISTY # MINSTRELS. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Minstrel Hall, 444 Brosd- way- ETKUOPIAN MINSTRALSY. a BUOK 3 OPERA HOUSE, 63) Sroadway—Buex- azys OPIAN OPERA ee Be NVA&D'S GEOKAMA, 506 Broadway—PANoRama oF run Hone Laxp, BGENISU GALLLRY SIGNOR BLITZ—sruvvesanr Institue, 669 Broad way. ACADEYY TALL 663 MOTIONS OF THE EVEN Mine FOPE CHAPEL, 718 Brosdway—Jones? Pan roc BRYAN GALLERY OF CHRISTIAN ART-—Si 1 < — — Wew York, Sunday, January 22, 1954 'The News. The Cunard steamer Niagara, with o3e week later advices from Rurope, had not reached Halifax up to the date of our last despatch. She has been out nearly filteen days from Liverpool, having sailed on the 7th inst. The Collins steamer Atlantic, with dates to the 11th, is likewise almost due at this port The desire to possess further inte nce with regard to the progress of the Turko and to ascertain the truth or falsity of the ramor ived by the Europa that Minister Soule had bee killed in a duel with the Duke de Alba, causes the ne#s coming by the expected steamers to be looked for with a great dea! of anxiety. At cleven o'clock last night the weather was ex. tremely misty in the vicinity of Halifax; but be tween here and Maine a terrific gale was prevailinz. At Sandy Hook it was considered the heaviest of the season, and in this city the wind blew with the most frig htful violence during the greater portion of the night. Under these circumstances, it is ed that we shall shortly be under the disagreeable ne- cessity of recording snother series of lamentable maritime disasters. A terrible tornado swept over a portion of the State of Obio on Fridsy afternoon. Its track was about balf a mile in width, aud it demolished almost every thing it encountered. The town of Brandon was al- most entirely destroyed. The gale was accompi- nied by terrific lightning and “heavy rain, and fol lowed by such a rapid rising of the streams of water that the town of Mount Vernon was partly iaun- dated. The amount of property destroyed is very great. The rumor of the wreck of the brig Mery Jau2, near Halifax, and the lovs of one hundred and forty-four persons, has not been, and we hope will not be, co firmed. It was expected that Cardinal Bedini, the Papsl Nuncio, would have sailed frora this port for Liver pool in the Baltic yesterd Previous to her devart ure, at noon, a large crowd, composed of Germans and members of the ‘Know Nothing” Club of New York, assembled at the foot of Canal street, in order to testify, as they said, their dislike of his political and officis! career in Italy. At the moment the ves- ge] siiled oll were in doubdt as to whether Bis Exvel- Jency was on board or vot—some aszerting that he was, whilut others said that he would not leave by the steamer. At the time when the crowd separated they were all in doubt. A despatch from Baltimore states that M. Bedini is there, and will preach in the cathedral today. As me is not on the list of pasrengers by the Baltic the telegraphic rapor’ is no doubt correct. The final meeting of the merchants of opon the subject of the San Pranviseo cala place yesterday afternoon. It detsiled list elsewhere published, that the total amount of funds raised for the purpose of rewardin® the rescuers of the people on board the unfortunate steamer, &c., was seventeen thousand and dighty-two dollars, which sum, or its equivalent in services of plate or medals, is to be i La the offi cers and crews of tie lis, the Kilby, the Antarctic, and the Lucey Th mn war, Sergeant Brown and cthers. lition, six thou- fand dollars have already been din Boston, and subscriptions are also io circulation in Philadelphia and Baltimore, so that by the time the various lista are closed the totel amount will probably reach thirty or thirty-five thousand dollors, all of which is to be expended in honoring and ramauerat- ing the brave men who so nobly exerted themselves in beball of their suffering fellow beings. Our Washington correspondent writes that the most intense excitement prevails smong Congress men concerning the Nebraska territorial bill. This measure has already produced a feeling very similar to that which existed during the discussion of the compromises in 1850, and the greatest anxiety exists to know what will be the result of the controversy. Members are fast falling into rank on this question. The thern secessionists and Northern free soilers are drumming up their forces, and before the close of the session we are likely to see a warfare raging at the capital with a ferceness unparalleled in the his- tory of the nation. While upon thi subject, let us recommend a cai and cerefal pernsel of the remin- iscences elsewhere published of the late Join C. Calhoun, as furnished by his private secretary, Mr Beoville. These sketches of the opinions of the il- Jastrions statesman ore exceedingly apropos al the present time. Mr. Bodisco, the Russian minister, is reported to be dangerously ill at Washington, Itis thought that he cannot recover. In addition to a variety of Washington news and other entertaining Sunday reading, we publish aa- other chapter on ‘Society and Politics at Washing- ton by the man who nominated Frauk Pierce.” ‘There is a peculiar vein of quaint morality pervading the dry humor of these curious lifelike sketches taat tends to make them acceptable to all classes, and especially to those politicians who may happen to be piously inclined. Full details of the recent news from Mexico, in- eloding additional information relative to Minister Gadeden’s treaty, are given in another page. The comments of various of the Mexican and New Or Jeans journals, with iegerd to this project, will be found very interesting, from the fact that they af ford at a glance the views and opinions of many of the people of the two countries concerning t ty portant matter. Mr. Gadsden is at Charleston, put will leave for Washington to-morrow. We dave received Buenos Ayres files to th, December. The commersial summary the latest number of the Argentine Packet fy ble to the circulation of imported goods, aod » a steadily advanciog buoyancy of public cr “the approaching election of a President, and t che noes of General Urguiza, formed the subjects of eee anxious concern t) the politicians. It was found that the reports of Indiux invasions on the southern districts were untruc. Accounts from Montevideo were very unsatisfactory. ‘The journals say that an- ot er civil war bad broken out in that republic, and that ergapized bands had crossed from Botre Rios to the :evolutioniste. ‘An entire b/ock of buildings, with a large portion of their contents, were destroyed by fire at Reches- tor yesterday morning. They were variously occu- ped as hotels, dining saloons, dry goods, grocery, diug ard shoe stores, &c., and the total loss is esti- mifed at about one hundred and fifty thousand dol- lus, Lal! of which is covered by inseranve. A large fire breke out at Castleton, Vt., at seven o'clock on Friday aight, and was not subdued till ten o'clock yesterday morning. The loss, which is very heavy, has not been ascertained. Judah Touro, estimated to have been wort) from a million to a million and a half of dollars, died at New Orleans last Wednesday. The balk of his property is reported to have been left to different charitable institutions in that city. A despatch from Erie states that the rioters, or Friday night, hung in effigy Mr. Walker, the father of the railroad director who was maltreated by the females on the occasion of their turning out to tear down the bridges some days ago. The excitement s said to have been very great; but as the chief leaders of the mob seem to have been absent, attend- ing the trial of their brethren at Pittsburg, the in- furiated mass fortunately did no perticular damage to person or property. The decision of the Judge of the United States Court at Pittsburg was to have been rendered yesterday in the case of the rioters barged with contempt, but, probably owing to the violence of the gale, we are minus our regular despatch. annex © brief list of a portion of the contents ie doy’ paper:—The bill fur the Suppression of vance, now pending in the New York Legic- uyestigation of the Bedini Riot case a’ Cin- of Rome and the Papal Government, Intem lature cinnati; V by an Italian liseral; Railroad Accidents; Letter de- tailing the golden discoveries in Manila; Lectures on ‘ Japa and Leo Choo,” by Baysrd Taylor, and « The Life and Times of Jobn Milton,” by Chas. Matthews; Decision relative to the Amory Estate; Obituaries of Capt. Partridge, Col. John M. Washington, and others: a variety of religions, pc , commercial, theatrical and miscellaneous intellig ye, &e. The Trenchery of the Sovth-Its Conse- quences In the North, of the Southern democratic and of the Southern democratic politi- cians in Congress, to the Union sentiment of all parties in the North, under the influence of the spoils, is beginning to shape out its disas- trous influences against the harmony of the Union. We can already understand, from the complexion of things around u:, the meaniog of Mr. Calhoun, in his dying speech in the United States Senate, of March 4, 1850. It is i : that the old danger to the Union that it has ivereased, is still in- ng, and that the final battle upon the 1 issue of slavery. between the North and the South, bas yet to be fonght. It is scarcely four years ago that a large body of patriotic men of both the old polit’ sa! parties, whigs and democrats, met ia Castle Garden and that bold, patvioviec adopted } ground of adjustment marked out by Henry Clay, and which was subsequently followed up by the co-operation of Webster, Css, and other Union men of both houses of Congress, in the passage of the compromise measures, And now, after the lapse of th’ brief interval, we find some of the same mea who figured in the Union counsels at Castle i vu, and some of the same interests, ¢ with the anti-slavery agitators, in other revulsion upon this danger ical question of Southern slavery. ney have joined in a call for a public meeting at ibe Tabernacle in opposition to the Nebraska Terri terial bill of Senater Douglas, which proposes to drop the Missouri compromise line and leave the people of the territory to settle the question for themselves. Thus the thirdg) Punic war between the two sections is “ Delenda est Carthago!” at lengt the war cry of the old Romans ‘arthage was destroyed. The same seuti- ment has beeome the universal motto of the avery socicties of the North; and where. at this crisis, do we find the men of the South? We find them joined with the coalition at Wash- i 1 for the spoils while the enemy are gath- round their citadel. ‘vy, whatever technical terms may be applied in this Nebraska territorial orgas- ization, it is manifest that the apple of discord will be there—moanifest that this gloomy con- troversy will be extended upon o broader and deeper basis than any man could have dreamed of one short year ago; and equally manifest is it that the mischief will widen and ripen, till in the end there is an utterly incurable alienation between the Northern and Southern sections of th’s Union. Thie call for the meeting at the Tabernacle is but the first lurid flash along the darkening horizon—the first warning of the dis- tant thunder and the gathering elements of still another storm. And yet those of the South deserting their faithful Northern allies, affvct to laugh at the danger while rallying to the general scramble for the spoils. It is now about twenty years ago that the re- vival of the anti-slavery agitation was com- menced, a general truce of some eight or ten years having followed the Missouri compromise. This revival began first asa great moral move- ment in the North in opposition to Southera slavery ; secondly, it assumed the character of a religious agitation ; and lastly, its moral and religious elements were merged in a political revolutionary organization, or series of organi- zations, directly operating upon our political elections. In the first stage Southern slavery was discussed in its moral aspects, and South- ern planters were subjected to the_ conse- quences in the social conversations at our hotels and fashionable watering places. Next the leaven began to rise among the va- rious Protestant churehes of the North, and the ts, Methodists, and Presbyterians, al! ffects. They were agitated—they of the same church North and South were embiiwred zainst each other—the mild and holy teach- ings of the New Testament were borne down by the sectional animosities among those of the came faith—they were rent asunder, Nor'h aud South, and they remain divided to the pre- sent day. M Calhoun always regarded this phase of the avery agitation as indicating the most imminent danger to the Union, from the stubbora and reckless tenacity of religious fanaticism. And he was right ; for the succeeding phase of this element of discord and disunion, merging its moral and religious bearings into political all our popular elections was the only ep to the full developement of the In all its phases, moral, religious cal, such was the active strengih of ned movement against th th, in rd to our acqnisitions from Mexico, that it y a fusion of selfsacrificing men of ali parties that ineurrection, civil war and armed secession, We’ so arrested in;the adjust- ment of 1850. Following this adjustment we Bave had an interval of rest ‘and quiet ; but not the rest of a permanent vie’ ¢ory—not the quiet of a lasting peace. It hs been but the repose accorded by a hostile ar ay antil it can reunite its seattered forces for another assault upon the first inviting occasion —it bas been but the armistice made with am enemy that has never laid down his arms. The election of Gen. Pierce—a free soil President—the coalition of a free soil secession Cabinet, and the Holy Alliance of spoilsmen, Cabinet, Congress and lobby combined, are ral- lying the anti-slavery forces again to the field in advance of their own anticipations. The Northern allies of the South being trampled upon and dismissed with contempt, the last ligament is broken between the two sections, The struggle approaches, and the South must stand or fall alone, Let her spoils-secking po- liticians in Congress, and her present organs of the spoilsmen, from the Richmond Enquirer and the Charleston Mercury down to the most obscure weekly of the most obscure district of Alabama, hie in for the spoils. The Union men of the North owe them no further allegiance. They are free henceforth to take their own course, as may suit best their personal, local, or sectional interests. Put the meeting called at the Tabernacle, we repeat is only the beginning of the great com- bined movement in quiet process of organiza- tion among all parties and all factions of the North against the further extension of slavery. The spoilsmen of the South in Congress and the Southern organs of the spoilsmen will fuel it before this Nebraska bill becomes a law. The Union democrats of New York and the North have done their duty. Dismissed with the laughter derision snd contempt of Southern spoilsmen, their old alliance ceases. The field is free and open for the abolitionists to enter. The administration, Congress and the spoils- men, are making a powerful diversion in sup- port ofa combined assault upon Southern sla- very in every measure in which the subject is involved. We shall have the beginnigg with this meeting at the Tabernacle. Can the Rich- mond Enquirer, or the Charleston Mercury, or any other Soutbern organ of the Washington spoils coalition, tell us what will be the ending ? Can they look at the present state of things and te)l us upon whom they intend to call in the bour of danger ? ‘Ibe Weshington Union on Spoils. The Washington Union is airing its con- science aguin. It denies that it is sold to lobby agents, spoils-traders, and railroad monopo- lists: swears that it does not favor them at all. Of course it adds, by way of strengthening its that the Heratp is “ polluted,” “loath- &c. When the Heratp informed the ic that Mr. Gadsden had concluded # treaty with Mexico the Union also denied it, called our stalement a gress fabrication, and, as usual, threw in a little collateral abuse of our- selves. On that- occasion the truth came quicker upon the Union than it expected ; ere its emphatic denial was ten days old it was forced to retract. We have no hope of an equally prompt detection in the case before us. But we do not think the last denial one whit more houest or more trustworthy than the first. In fact. the Gnéon’s denials are understood to amount to nothing more than pleas of “noi guilty which the humanity of our laws se- to every culprit. It will go on de- ) and deny st as pickpockets plead innocence y time they are sent to prison. and will grow in unblushing impudence ag the number and disgrace of its convictions become more notorious. We have not the smallest doubt that the Union is really the organ of all the corrupt and spoils legislation which has been maturing at Washington during the last few weeks, and is now producing itself in the shape of pateat extensions, railroad schemes, and other mo- nopolies. We feel perfectly certain that the publication of the first letter which appeared in its columns on. the subject of Mr. Celt’s application for a renewal of his pateat arcee from a desire on the part of the Union to farther the interests of Mr. Colt ; also. that the second communication, adverse to his bill, was published in that paper with the sole view of getting it out of the scrape and furnishing a reply to our charge that the Union was the organ of the patentees; also, that the statement in its last issue, that it “has not investigated ” and has not “expressed itself in favor” of Colt's patent, are totally at variance with the trath Now. the public has a broad issue between our selves and the Union. The history of the Mexi- can treaty will aid them in deciding which of the two is entitled to the greater contideace. cur We wish it to be distinetly understood tyat we are not opposed to a renewal of Mr. Colt’s patent. We believe Mr. Colt to be a deservi man, and we know his arm to be one of ¢ merit and extensive application. All that his ad- vocates urge in his favor is likely to be true. But we are irrevocably and irremovably opposed to anything like special legislation for benefitting individuals at the expense of the community. We ree no warrant and no necessity for the ex- tension of any patent rights by act of Congress, That body has provided a plain straightforward way for ensuring to inventors a proper reward for their labors. Hitherto that system has been found to work satisfactorily and harmoniously. Under it inventors are entitled to secure ample remuneration for the service they render to the world, either by exercisi patent rights for a single term years only, or, in the case where the profits thus gained should prove inadequate, by a further extension of their monopoly for seven yeare. Now, if this system is not found to work well, we most assuredly ali rit. We must dismiss the Commissioner o! Patents if he discharges bis duty in an incdicieat or improper manner, or we must modify or repeal the law if it does not attain the objects it was intended to secure, viz.: the remuneration of inventors and the protection of the public. If the gentlemen who are now pressing special bills on the notice of Congress can establish either of these facts, this is the course they are bound to pursue, But to pretend to appeal from the decision of the Commissioner of Pa vents to Congress, without impugaing either that officer or the law under which he acts, a) pears to us as mischievous as it wonld bo two allow a defeated litigant in the United Siates Supreme Court to carry his case before Cov gress, as alast resource. Weare therefore dec dedly opposed to the passage of any special bills through Congress for the purpose of renewal of patents or any other monopolies which failed to obtain a renewal gnder the cstablisted statutes. These ave our views. If the Union intended to convey similar ones in the long columus which it devotes to the subject, then we stand together, and we hope it will do its best to carry out our common convictions. In the be lief that, after all, we may -possibly yet be found on the same side in the controversy, we will give the Union some advice. rid of its habit of using coarse language. People may differ from it in opinion without being either “loathsome” or “polluted.” These are figures of speech which none but ill-bred men or very youthful rhetoricians ever use. They add no strength to an argu- ment, and, if we may be allowed to speak from our own experience, are not very telling wea- pons ina controversy. If the Union were a little more abstemious in this respect, and tried the effect of occasional flashes of truth, it would bea more formidable debater. Of course we only offer these hints because we fancy the Union is going to advocate some views which we share. We should not have thought of complaining of the systematic abuse which the Union has showered upon our paper and our person during the last few months. We think we can safely say that the incessant stream of calumny and bard words—original and selected —with which the Union has visited our misde- meanors, has never once provoked us to retort upon old General Armstrong, the principal proprietor of that paper, or Nicholson, the prin- cipal editor.. How they would like to be called “yagabonds” and “polluted wretches,” &c., &e., day after day, we cannot say. Whatever feelings such a course on the part of the official organ might arouse in their breasts. were they in our position, and we in theirs, they would doubtless set less value on the abuse lavished on them if they had in their pockets @ full refuta- tion of the slunders, and a full vindication of their character from no less an authority than he President of the United States. The Pennsylvania Insurrection. In the teeth of an outcry that would have ap- palled most factions our neighbors in Pennsyl- vania are still pursuing their lawless career and seeking yet further depths of infamy. We recorded a few days since the destruction of several bridges by the modest and refined ladies ofErie. We have now to draw public notice to the passage through the Pennsylvania Senate of the bill repealing the charter of the Frank- lin Canal Company. Should that vill receive the sanction of the House of Representatives and the Governor, it would deprive the railroad company of the only authority under which they are acting, and would definitely close the contest by securing the victory to the people of Erie. Judging from the unanimous vote by which the bill passed the Senate, it would ap- pear that little doubt can be entertained of its reception by the other branch of the Legisla- ture. The true Pennsylvanian spirit is obvi- ously roused. and we must now expect from thence surpassing efforts in the way of mean- ness and narrow-mindedness. Like all races which have aimed at being exclusive, shutting themsclves out from their neighbors. and steadily intermarrying among themselves. there is no doubt that the last century has effected a very serious deterioration in the in- habitants of Pennsylvania. We should look in vain to-day for any of that large and liberal spirit which warmed the bosoms of their fore- fathers of the Revolutionary era; petty, local, selfish cravings after gain, have choked it long since. Still. in spite of the plain indications afford- ed by these fucte, we are loath to be- lieve that the Legislature of Pennsylvania will yet cross the Rubicon, and declare open war -upon the United States, by repealing the Franklin Canal Company's char. ter. Blinded as our neighbors seem to be by prejudice, and eager as they have shown them- selves to injure New York, we can hardly bring ourselves te expect that they will place on re- cord £0 disgraceful a memento of narrow-mind- ed selfishness. We speak not on behalf of the company. nor seek to lay stress on the private injustice involved in the sudden repeal of a charter in fall faith, on which large sums ot money have been expended and large woril.s undertaken. The Franklin Canal Company must bear the penalty of having relied on such a body as the Pennsylvania Legislature. The injury doné to them is the smallest of the wrongs involved in the repeal of their charter. It is the principle embodied in that repeal which we regard as an indellible stain of the Penn- sylvanian escutcheon—a principle which states in broad terms that the people of the East and the people of the Wesi shall have no thorough- fare through Pennsylvania unless they consent to pay toll on their way. Like Rob Roy in his Highland defile, the people of Erie intereept passengers on their journey, and refuse to al- low them to proceed till the accustomed black-- mail is paid. In this attitude the pirates and highwaymen are sustained by their government. The Senate approves the bold outlaws; and ere long we may hear of the Governor awarding them the same protection which feudal lords, for private reasons, used formerly to extend to felons of a similar stamp. In plain words, the enactment of the law which has just passed the Senate of Pennsylvania will establish that the people oi that State will not allow a road to be built within their borders unless the predatory propensities of the people of Erie are cared for in theact. This will, to our mind, be the first instance in which a State has refused to permit private individuals to improve its internal com- munications from a sordid fear that rapidity of iravel would diminish the consumption of vic- tuals by passengers on the way. Should the Legislature of Pennsylvania, how- erer, be bent on repealing the charter, the rest of the country ought to look around at once and examine the measures such an unparalleled outrage would require us to take. Anemphatic declaration by Pennsylvania, “ that the East and West shall not communicate through her borders withoat paying toll,” clearly amounts to a declaration of hostilities against the Union, We expeet no army to cross the border, and re- commend no fortifications to be erected; but, practically, the course pursued by Pennsylva- nia is an overt act of war just as much asa refueal to allow our vessels to unload in her ports would be. An absolute injury is inflicted on the whole East and West—an injury probably greater in its results than the effects of a few months war. These aggressions afford an am- ple justification for stringent measures. Both as an example for the future and a punishment for Penntylvania, it is but right that the United States should retaliate upon their rebellious sister. Two measures would probably effect the desired end and bring Pennsylvania to her eenses. One is the removal of the Mint from Philadelphia to New York; the other the repeal of the. protective duty on iron. The former has been long required by the interests of trade; the inconvenience now euffered by parties here who receive large Let it get | vania afford an excellent oppertunity of carry- quantities of gold from beyond sea and are oblig- ed to send it to Philadelphia to be coined has long engaged the attention of our leading men. The insubordination and reckless disregard for the interests of the Union now evinced by Pennsyl- ing out this very necessary change. Nor is it lees obvious that Pennsylvania, which absolute- ly refuses to allow her neighbors even to cross her borders without paying toll, should not be allowed to levy a tax upon all of us for her pri- vate benefit. Here have we been this many a year paying six or seven millions ot dollars to protect theiron works of that State. It is time this wasstopped. Ifthe iron works cannot sup- port themselves to-day they should be aban- doned; at all events, if we cannot be permitted to travel from Buffalo to Cleveland without paying toll at Erie we object to » continuance ot the protective system. We expect the dele- gations from the North, East and West, to take up these matters at once, and legislate, with promptitude and vigor; nor can we doubt that the South will sec the necessity of espousing their cause with frankness and spirit. * Tke New Common Council—Terrible Con- dition of the City. We have now been nearly a month under the reign of the new “reform” Common Council, and the actual condition of the city has been growing daily worse and worse. What with squabbling for offices, and making reform speeches for Buncombe, the material every day interests of the city have altogejher received the go-by. Every body is engaged in strag- gling for a little popularity, or clutching at a portion of the spoils, while the city is left to take care of itself. The estimates of expendi- ture for the present year already amount to over four millions of dollars; and on Monday evening several Aldermen objected to the pas- sage of the Comptroller’s budget on the ground that it was not large enough, and must be in- creased in some important items. Alderman Herrick, among others, ingenuously confessed that if the Board would grant them a tew days more he would undertake to swell the bill at least fifty thousand dollars on the single appro- priation for gas. The budget, as thus increased, was adopted last evening; but we doubt not that the pious and patriotic example of Mr. Herrick will be emulated by other members in the course of its discussion, so that by the time the appropriation bill passes it will pro- bably reach five millions. Now, the firet end and aim of the Common Council is to sce that this squg little eum of five millions is properly applied ; and to secure 0 desirable an object every body of course tries to get as much as possible of it into his own hands. To one who “knows the ropes” the meetings of the new Council thus far have presented only a series of struggles on all hands to get control of the largest possible amount of this famous five millions. Meanwhile nobody cares about the city—nobody thinks of the interests of the public in any one par- ticular. The humbugged inhabitants are doomed litefally to wallow through mud and filth for the want of scavengers—to run the risk of breaking their necks down cellar traps and building caves—to be liable to be insulted and beaten in omnibusses and cars—to be knocked down and robbed in the public tho- roughfares—and, altogether, to be worse pro- tected and worse cared for than the travellers through the pas.es of the Rocky Mountains at the same time that they are paying vires times as much in direct taxation as would suf fice to proeure @ good and efficient city govern ment. Yes. we confidently assert that for two millions a year competent and responsibl- parties can be found who will undertake to provide our city with a complete and efticient administration of its affairs—to keep the streets clean and the pavements in repair—to see that the lamps are lighted and the public markets rendered accessible and tolerable—to police the whole city day and night with good and faith- ful men, who won't run away at the first tap of a club on the sidewalk—and to see that all the other interests of the city are faithfully and promptly administered. In fact, two millions is ample for all this; and of course the other three millions, even if affairs were properly ad- ministered under the present régimé, would be, as they are, common public plunder for the patd and sworn servants of the people. This seems an enormous sum to be squan- dered by the public officers of a single city, even of the size and importance of New York. But an examination into the way in which the business of the city is conducted will at once quench all astonishment. For example: for the single item of the cong miesioners’ charges and counsellor’s fees in opening new streets and avenues, &c., the city has paid tor years past at the rate of from $40 000 to $100,000 a year for services that ought to have been performed for one-fiftieth part ofthat sum, The process of that swindle is this:—On the opening of a street or avenue the Counsel for the Corporation applies to the Supreme Court for three commissioners for that particular job. These commissioners receive four dollars a day for appraising and assessing the value of the land which is to be occupied by the proposed improvement. They hire a room, a set of clerks, buy a large quantity o° stationery. (which proves anything but station- ary,) employ a surveyor, hire carriages, mes- sengers, and the Lord knows what and set themselves quietly down fora nice fat job—the corporation counsel being, of course, retained at a swinging fee of $600 to $1,000 for each affair. The arrangements being thus completed, our commissioners meet every morning at the nearest oyster cellar or public house, take a drink all round at the expense of the corpora- tion, and adjourn over to next day. This goes on for a period of time averaging from five months to two years, for labor which could have been thoroughly performed in from tbree days toa week. In due time the account is presented to the Supreme Court—the judge has no time to attend to it, or is perhaps con- veniently out of town—and so the clerk audits the account, certifies to its being correct, and the money is paid over. We are aware that statements implying such unmitigated rascality as this are unworthy of attention unless supported by special in- stances, and we therefore give enough from our notes and data to show that we know what we are about, and that these allegations are not lightly brought. In the case of opening Seventh avenue the assessment of real estate was $48 000, and the costs of the commissioners and corporation attorney for the job were $13,500. The charges of the commissioners and counsel in the case of the Lleventh avenue were over $9,000. The Fourth avenue cost $33,333 for commissioners’ and counsellor’s fees and expenses alone ; and #0 on. In one cage, that of extending 125th street, at Harlem, for about three blocks, t@ assessment for property was only $i—the owa- ers of the real estate having given the land for nothing—while the fees of counsel and commis- sioners amounted at first to $2,750. This, howe ever, being rejected by the court, another effort was made by taking into the proposed improve ment @ portion of the street which had beem already open for many years—and this time the costs swelled to $3081. If this is not already paid we advise an immediate settlement, for there is no telling what it will amount to in @ few months longer. Senator Whitney, fronr this city, has recently introduced a Dill pro= hibiting the Counsel of the Corporation from re- ceiving fees in any case of opening streets and avenues ; and although this functionary, as we understand, bas gone to Albany with a squad of friends and dependants for the purpose of de« feating the passage of the bill, yet we trust thaé the Legislature will not be champagned or bam- boozled into defeating or neglecting this salu- tary measure. It is trae that it stous up bat one leakhole ; but when we are at sea in a gale, with the piston-rod broken and the gallant ship foundering, any relief is vitally welcome. We have, however, very little serious hope of the passage of this bill, as a majority of the New York city delegation in the Legislature have been too well drilled in the part they are to play, to permit any real retrenchment to take place in the administration of the affairs of the city. Besides, schemes of personal interest and aggrandizement axe pressing upoa them from every quarter, and occupying «lt their time and attention. Amongst others we learm that a delegation is now in Albany, headed by an editor of a particularly reformative Wall street journal, to log-roll a bill through the present Legislature authorizing the city of New York to issue $2,000,000 of steck, in the shape of a loan, to pay off the debts and liabili-« ties incurred by the law of 1843 authorizing the corporation to buy in the real estate for- feited for non-payment of taxes, which law was subsequently set aside by Judge Edmonds and the decision sustained by the Court of Ap- peals. This nice little plumb pndding of $2,000,000 is anxiously watched in the cook ing, and everybody expects to get a handsome slice. But we shall see how far the members from the other parts of the State will permit themselves to be humbugged and hoodwinked by the Peter Funk lobby members from New York city and their hungry friends. ® TerRistB Conpition or New York —What is the condition of our city—its strect:, ite avenues, its markets, its wharves, its side~ walks? With all cur boasted prosperity and refinement—our palatial hotels, where our republican ladies and gentlemen, for three dollars a day and extras, sit at tables and march through saloons and corridors that shame the Louvre and Versailles— the moment you venture out of doors you are painfully reminded that you are in the worst governed, the most unsafe, the filthiest and most uncomfortable city inthe world. If you get into an omnibus you will be coolly de« tained by the driver until his vehicle is full, and then you will run the risk of having your pocket picked. or, if you are a lady, of being grossly in- sulted by some drunken rowdy. Venture intoa rail-car, and you find yourself standing squeezed like a red herring in a box among fifty or sixe ty people in a car intended only for twenty or thirty. Here you are trampled on. spit on by ‘obacco-chewers and suifocated with the fumes of dirty bodies and whiskey-swilliog stomachs: To avoid all these, go out on foot, and the first thing you will encounter will be the prepara- tions for a new building, which entirely occupy the sidewalk and extend half across the street, compelling you to wade through the mud round a brick-pile at the risk of being knocked down by a democratic cab-driver or having the pole of an omnibus driven through your body. As to those immaculate policemen, with th eir uni- form blue surtouts and gold buttons and stars, wehave read of them, but we have not yet heard of the lucky individual who has scen them. In the lower part of the city, and even in Broadway itself, the mud and filth of the streets are at this moment frightful--incon- ceivable. Complaints are daily pouring into the office of the Chief of Police, who can do nothing but hand them over to tbe Street Commissioner. He will do nothing, be- cduse the streets are to be cleaned by contract, and he has nopower in the premises. The May- or can do nothing—the heads of the executive departments shoulder the responsibility from. one to the other, until at last it is tumbled in- tothe mud and disappears; and the Common Council wastes its time and the people’s money in manwuvring to see who sball get the first grab at those five millions of public plunder looming so temptingly in the distance. What is the key to all this mischief? Simply this: there is no responsibility anywhere—and without direct responsibility no good govern- ment ig possible. Every year’s experience ie pressing upon us with irresistible force the con- viction that, to have a good and efficieat city government, supreme power as well as su- preme responsibility must be vested in a single department or a single individual. We don’t care who this individual may be, nor what his office is called, so that he is honest, vigorous, and is vested with absolute power to carry summarily into effect those daily and hourly functions of government upon which the health, cleanliness, and good order of the city depend. All patchwork petty legislation, even by men ten times abler than any Common Council that ever did*or is likely to exist. only frets and irritates the sore and exhausts the strength of the patient. We must have an out- and-out reform—a reform in the whole strac- ture and theory of our city government—a re- form that will sweep away all these innumera- ble departments and powers, responsible to no- body but themselves, and jealous only as to who shall secure the greatest amount of public plunder, and in their place erect, on a broad and firm basis, a single massive, simple system of practical government, clothed with absolute power and charged with infinite responsibility. Kosvra asp His Frirxps.—Martin Kossts, & Hange= Tian, cpom whore shoulders two men (Commaacer Ing graham ano Secreta:y Macy) bave risen to fame, whieh, shey coulo never have otherwise achlevid, ie now in thig city, where be bas teen living for some time pst on the: charity of some of his exiled co patriots, Hy» went to Europe to secure, it possible, semething from the wreck. of hie family estate; but before he could do eo he wag reized at Smyrna, Liberated, and sentciTto Awericn He janded at Boston without a cect. He was “expressed” ia Weshingten, where Marsy was glid to know that be wag free, and hinted to him tha’ it would be well enough for him to go about bis businers He returned to New York, having been obliged to borry” the money for biv axpensee from sonve foreign friea’s at Weshington, He bad left his tracks in Bostow, ard wae age'n obliged to borrow money with which to obtain thom, He secured bis tranks, anc then took up his re ides ith @ hoapitsble Ger. mas at Brooklyn. He bes made many epplications fog