The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1854, Page 4

TT ea NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, OYVICE PF, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STB. He Deey eRe Poel HE 9, ALD 3 conte per 003 Kaa. 1HE WERKLY HERALD every Saterday at fa cents opy, or 8° oer wanum; the European #4 yer an part 9/ Great Yritain, and $8 to amy part of the rd 40 We ucie tage ALL LETTERS by mail for Subverivtions, or with ddver- Dacacute to be post paul, or the ,ostaye will be deducted from AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowory—Uncur Tom’s Canin. BROADWAY THMATR WILY - CATARACT OF THE C BURTON'S THEAT ora ctroot- OuR Bust So- cuty PARIS As ¥ © etreet—Afternoon— MATION AT = Tom's CABIN, Larrigz Kary bye ‘4 EATRE, Brosiwey-Bacngcon oF eee ee ener or Business —CUMIOSITING OF Lirex ature Afternoon—Tom THume -Try- wUMB MONEY BROADWAY MENAGERIE—BSiames2 Twins avn WiLv Beavers CHYIS¥Y'S AMBRICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broad- way STHOPIAN MELODIES BY CMRISTY 6 MINSTRELS. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Minstrel Hall, 444 Brosd- way— ETMIOPIAN MINSTRALSY. ‘3 OPERA HOUSE, OPIAN Orxna Taoure 6399 Sroadway—Buex- BeNVAKD'S GHOKAMA, 606 Broadway—PANORAMA OF ur Hoy Lanp. BAENISU GALLAD SIGNOR BLITZ—s0v way. ACADEYY TALL 603 5 MGUTIONS OF THE SEVEN M road wey——Dsy wad Svoning. ant Inetirure, 659 Broad ram's Gurr x BOPE CHAPEL, 713 Brosdway—Jones’ PAN Toscore. BRYAN GALLERY OF CHRISTIAN ART—S wey. Wew York, Sunday, January 22, 1854 ‘The News. The Cunard steamer Niagara, with 03e week later advices from Europe, had not reached Halifax up to the date of our last despatch. She has been out nearly fiiteen days from Liverpool, having sailed on the 7th inst. The Collins steamer Atlantic, with dates to the 11th, is likewise almost due at this port The desire to possess further intelligence with reg: to the progress of the Turko-Russian war, and to ascertain the truth or falsity of the rumor received by the Europa that Minister Soulé had bee in a duel with the Duke de Alba, exuses the coming by the expected steamers to be looked for with a great deal of anxiety. At cleven o'clock last night the weather was ex. tremely misty in the vicinity of Halfax; but be tween here and Maine a terrific gale was prevailing At Sandy Hook it was considered the heaviest « the season, and ty the wind blew with the most frig htful violen greater portion of the night. Under these circnmsta , it is feared thet we shall shortly be under the di peable ne- cessity of recording another series of lamentable maritime disasters. A terrible tornado swept over a portion of the State of Obio on Friday afternoon. Its track was about balf a mile in width, and it demolished almost every thing it encountered. entirely Gestroyed. The gale was accomp.- nicd by terrific lightning and ‘heavy rain, and fol lowed by such a rapid rising of the streams of water that the town of Mount Vernon was partly inun- dated. The amount of property destroyed is very great. The rumor of the wreck of the brig Mary Jau2, near Halifax, and the lovs of one bandred and forty-four persons, has not been, and we hope will not be, co firmed. It was expecte d killed ne ws ing that Cardinal Bedini, tae Papol Nuxcio, would have sailed {ross port for Liver pool in the Baltic yesterday. Previous t» her devart ure, at noon, a large crowd, composed of Germans and reembers of the ‘ w: Nothing” Club of New York, assembled at th t of Canal street, in order s they said, their dislike of his political Italy. At the moment the ves- ge] sailed all were in doubt as to whether Sis Exzel- Jeney was on board or not—some asserting that he was, whilt others said that he would not leave by the steamer. At the time when the crowd separated they were all in doubt. A despatch from Baltimore states that M. Bedini is there, and will preach in the cathedral today. As his name is not on the list of parrengers by the Baltic the telegraphic rapor* is no doubt correct. The final meeting of the merchants of this city wpon the subject of the San Francisco calamity, took Place yesterday afternoon. It will be seen, by the detailed list elsew p published, that the total amount of funds raised for the purpose of rewardin the rescuers of the people on board the unfortunate steamer, &c., was seventeen thousand and éighty-t Gollars, which sum, or its equivalent in servi plate or medals, is to be distributed among the c cers and crews of tie Three Bells, the Antarctic, and the Lucy Thompson; kins, and the first and second o: neer of the 5 "ranciseo, Lie Sergeant Brown avd cthers. In ac fand dollars have already beeu rats subscriptions are also io circulation in Philadelphia and Baltimore, so that by the time the various lista are closed the tots] amount will probably reach thirty or thirty-five thousand dollars, all of which is to be expended in honoring and rsmanerat ing the brave men who so nobly exerted themselves in behalf of their suffering fellow beings. Our Washington correspondent writes that the most intense excitement prevails among Congress men concerning the Nebraska territorial bill. This measure has already produced a feeling very similar to that which existed during the discussion of the compromises in 1850, and the greatest anxiety exists to know what will be the result of the controversy. Members are fast failing into ravk on this question. The Southern secessionists and Northern free soilers are drumming up their forces, and before the close of the session we are likely to see a warfare raging at the capital with a flerceness unparalleled in the his tory of the nation. While upon this subject, let us recommend « cale and carefal perusel of the remin- iacences elsewhere published of the late John C. Calhoun, as farnished by his private secretary, Mr Beoville. These sketches of the opinions of the il lastrions statesman ore exceedingly apropos al the present time. Mr. Bodisco, the Russian minister, is reported to be dangerously ill at Washington. Itis thought that he cannot recover. In ad fition to a variety of Washington news and other entertsiniog Sunday reading, we publish an- other chapter on “Society and Politics at Washing ton by the man who nominated Frank Pierce.” There is a peculiar vein of quaint morality pervading the dry humor of these curions lifelike sketches taat tends to make them acceptable to all classes, and especially to those politicians who may happen to be piously inclined. Full details of the recent news from Mexico, in- eluding additional information relative to Minister Gadaden’s treaty, are given in another page. The comments of various of the Mexican and New Or Jeans journals, with iegerd to this project, will be found very interesting, from the fact that they af ford at a glance the views and opinions of many of the people of the two countries concerning this im portant matter. Mr. Gadsden is at Charleston, put will leave for Washington to-morrow We dave received Buenos Ayres files to th) December. The commersial summary the latest number of the Argentine Packet is { sble to the circulation of imported goods, avd a steadily advanciog buoyancy of p c cr ‘tthe approaching election of a President, che noes of General Urquiza, formed the subjects of Kilby, the Iso, Capt ud chiet Murray, of the navy, yn, six thou in Boston, and The town of Brandon was al- anxious concern t) the politicians, Tt was found that the reports of Indium invasions on the southera districts were untruc. Accounts from Montevideo were very unsatisfactory, The Journals sa} ot-er civil war bad broken out in that republic, and that creapized bands had crossed from Eotre Rios » ald the revolutioniste. ‘An entire b'ock of buildings, with a large portion of their contents, were destroyed by fire at Roches- tur yesterday morning. They were variously occu- pied as hotels, dining saloons, dry goods, grocery, drug avd shoe stores, &¢., and the total loss is esti mitcd at about one hundred and fifty thousand dol- lus, ball of which is covered by inserance. A large fire broke out at Castleton, Vt., at seven o'clock on Friday aight, and was not subdued till ten o'clock yesterday morning. The loss, which is very heavy, has not been ascertained. Judah Touro, estimated to have been wort) from a million to a million and a half of dollars, died at New Orleans last Wednesday. The balk of his property is reported to have been left to different charitable institutions in that city. A despatch from Erie states that the rioters, or Friday night, hung in effigy Mr. Walker, the father of the railroad director who was maltreated by the females on the occasion of their turning out to tear down the bridges some days ago. The excitement aid to have been very great; but as the chief ers of the mob seem to have been absent, attend- ing the trial of their brethren at Pittsburg, the in- furiated mass fort ely did no perticwlar damage (o person or prope The decision of the Judge of the United States Court at Pittsburg was to have been rendered yesterday in the case of the rioters harged with contempt, but, probably owiag to the violence of the gale, we are mions our regular despatch. We anne: of this di Intempe ® brief list of # portion of the contents y'# paper:—The bill for the Suppression of nce, now pending in the New York Legic+ lature; In gation of the Bedini Riot case a’ Cin- cinati; View of Rome and the Papal Government, by an Italian liseral; Railroad Accideuts; Letter de- tailing the golden discoveries in Manila; Lectures on ‘Japas and Leo Choo,’ by Bayard Taylor, and “ The Life and 8 of Jobn Milton,” by Chas. Matthews; Decision relotive to the Amory Estate; Obituaries of Capt. Partridge, Col. John M. Washington, and others; a variety of religions, political, commercial, theatrical and miscellaneous intelligence, &e. The Treachery of the Socth-Its Conse- quences In the North, The treachery of the Southern democratic press, and of the Southern democratic politi- fi in Congress, to the Union sentiment of all parties in the North, under the influence of the spoils, is beginning to shape out its disas- tr influences against the harmony of the Unio We can already understand, trom the com om of things around u:, the meaniog of Mr. Calhoun, in his dying speech in the United States Senate, of March 4, 1850. It is § y this: that the old danger to the Union still survives, that it has ivcreased, is still in- ng. and that the final battle upon the vital issue of slavery. between the North and the South, bas yet to be fonght. lt & ly four years ago that a lo Lody of patriotic men of both the old polit parties, whigs and democrats, met ia Cast) Garden and adopted that bold, patriotic ground of adjustment marked out by Henry Clay, and which was subsequently folloy up by the co-operation of Webster, Cx and other Union men of both. houses Cong me of s, in the passage of the comprorise And now, after the lapse of this trie interval, we find some of the same mea who figured in the Union counsels at Castle ures. Garden. and some of the same interests, with the anti-sl: other revulsion upon thi 8 ienl question of Southern slavery. They have joined in a call for a public meeting at the Tabernacle in opposition to the Nebraska Terri torial bill of Senator Douglas, which proposes to drop the Missouri compromise line and leave coun avery ag the people of the territory to settle the qnestion for themselves. Thus the third) Prnic war beiween the two sections is opened. “ Delenda est Carthago!” at length beeame the war cry of the old Romans and Carthage was destroyed. The same seut!- ment has become the universal motto of the ti-slavery societies of the North; and where. this crisis, do we find the men of the South? Ve tind them joined with the coalition at Wash- on for the spoils while the enemy are gath- round their citadel. whatever technical terms may applied in this Nebraska territorial orgai- ization, it is manifest that the apple of diseord will be there—manifest that this gloomy con- troversy will be extenéed upon o broader and deeper basis than any man could have dreamed of one short year ago d equally manifest is it that the mischief will widen and ripen, till in the end there is an utterly incurable alienation between the Northern and Southern sections of ths Union. Thie call for the meeting at the Tabernacle is but the first lurid flash along the darkening horizon—the first warning of the dis- tant thunder and the gathering elements of still another storm. And yet those of the South deserting their faithful Northern allies, affcet to langh at the danger while rallying to the general scramble for the spoils. t is now about twenty years ago that the re- vival of the anti-slavery agitation was com- menced, a general truce of some eight or ten years having followed the Missouri compromise, This revival began first asa great moral move- ment in the North in opposition to Southera slavery ; secondly, it assumed the character of a religious agitation ; and lastly, its moral and religious clements were merged in a political revolutionary organization, or series of organi- ons, directly operating upon our politico] In the first stage Southern slavery was discussed in its moral aspects, and South- ern planters were subjected to the_ conse- quences in the social conversations at our hotels and fashionable watering places. ext the leaven began to rise among the va- rious Protestant churches of the North, and the Paptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians, all felt itseffects. They were agitated—they of the same church North and South were embit.ered against each other—the mild and holy teach- ings of the New Testament were borne down by the sectional animosities among those of the same faith—they were rent asunder. North aud South, and they remain divided to the pre- sent day. Mr. Calhoun always regarded this phase of the anti-slavery agitation as indicating the most imminent danger to the Union, from the stubbora and reekless tevacity of religious fanaticism. And he was right ; for the sneceeding phase of this element of discord and disunion, merging i 1 and religious bearings into political action in all eur popular elections, was the only ep to the full developement of the sy. In all ite phase religious tical, such was th trengih of whined movem uth, in « to oar acquisitions from Mexico, that it n of selfsacrificing men of insurrection, civil war and za elections. moral armed recession, we' se arrested in:the sdjast- ment of 1850. Following this aajustment we have hed an interval of rest ‘gna quiet ; but not the rest of a permanent vie’ gory—not the quiet of a lasting peace. It hes been but the repose accorded by 8 hostile ar’ ay until it can reunite its seattered forces for another assault upon the first inviting oceasion —it bas been but the armistice made with an enemy that has never laid down his arms, The election of Gen. Pierce—a free soil Pesident—the coalition of a free soil secession Cabinet, and the Holy Alliance of spoilsmen, Cabinet, Congress and lobby combined, are ral- lying the anti-slavery forces again to the field in advance of their own anticipations. The Northern allies of the South being trampled upon and dismissed with contempt, the last ligament is broken between the two sections, The struggle approaches, and the South must nd or fall alone, Let her spoils-secking po- ans in Congress, and her present organs of lit the spoilsmen, from the Richmond Enquirer and the Charleston Mercury down to the most obscure weekly of the most obscure district of Alabama, hie in for the spoils. The Union men of the North owe them no further allegiance. They are free henceforth to take their own course, as may suit best their personal, local, or sectional interests. Put the meeting called at the Tabernacle, we repeat is only the beginning of the great com- bined movement in quiet process of organiza- tion among all parties and all factions of the North against the further extension of slavery. The spoilsmen of the South in Congress and the Southern organs of the spoilsmen will fuel it before this Nebraska bill becomes a law. The Union democrats of New York and the North have done their duty. Dismissed with the langbter derision and contempt of Southern spoilsmen, their old alliance ceases. The field is free and open for the abolitionists to enter. The administration, Congress and the spoils- men, are making a powerful diversion in sup- port ofa combined assault upon Southern sla- very in every measure in which the subject is involved. We shall have the beginniag with this meeting at the Tabernacle. Can the Rich- mond Enquirer, or the Charleston Mercury or any other Soutbern organ of the Washington spoils coalition, tell us what will be the ending ? Can they look at the present state of things and te}l us upon whom they intend to call in the hour of danger ? The Weshington Union on Spoils. The Washington Union is airing its con- seie again, It denies that it is sold to lobby agen spoils-traders, and railroad monopo- lists: swears that it does not favor them at all. Of course it adds, by way of strengthening ita denial, that the Heratp is “ polluted,” “loath- some,” &. When the Heratp informed the public that Mr. Gadsden had concluded « treaty with Mexico the Union alzo denied it, called our statement a gress fabrication, and, as usual, threw in a little collateral abuse of our- selves, On that. occasion the truth came quicker upon the Union than it expected ; ere its emphatic denial was ten days old it was forced to retract. We have no hope of an equally prompt detection in the case before us. But we do not think the last denial one whit more honest or more trustworthy than the first. In fact. the Gnion's denials are understood to amount to nothing more than pleas of “not guilty which the humanity of our laws se- to gvery culprit. It will go on de- ying aud denying, just as pickpockets plead innocence every time they are sent to prison. and will grow in unblushing impudence aa the number and disgrace of its convictions become more notorious. We have not the smallest doubt that the Union is really the organ of ali the corrupt and spoils legislation which has been maturing at Washington daring the last few weeks, and is now producing itself in the shape of patent extensions, railroad schemes, and other mo- nopolies. We feel perfectly certain that the publication of the first letter which appeared inits columns on. the subject of Mr. Celt’s application for a renewal of his pateat arcec from a desire on the part of the Union to further the interests of Mr. Colt ; also, that the second communication, adverse to his bill, was published in that paper with the sole view of getting it out of the serape and furuishing a reply to our charge that the Union was the organ of the patentees; also, that the statement in its last issue, that it “has not investigated” and has not “expressed itself in favor” of Colt's patent, are totally at variance with the trath Now. the public has a broad issue between oar selves and the Union. The history of the M can treaty will aid them in deciding which the two ntitled to the greater conlideace We wish it to be distinetly understood tuat we are not opposed to a renewal of Mr. Colt’s patent. We believe Mr, Colt to be a deserving man, and we know his arm to be one of great merit and extensive application. All that his ad- vocates urge in his favor is likely to be true. But we are irrevocably and irremovably opposed to anything like special legislation for benefitting individuals at the expense of the community. We see no warrant and no necessity for the ex- tension of any patent rights by act of Congress, That body has provided a plain straightforward way for ensuring to inventors a proper reward for their labors. Hitherto that system has been found to work satisfactorily and harmoniously. Under it inventors are entitled to secure ample remuneration for the service they render to the world, either by exercising their patent rights for a single term of fourteen years only, or, in the case where the profits thus gained should prove inadequate, by a further extension of their monopoly for seven yeare. Now, if this system is not found to work well, we most assuredly ali rit. We must dismiss the Commissioner of Patents if he discharges bis duty in an inedicieat or improper manner, or we must modify or repeal the law if it does not attain the objects it was intended to secure, viz.: the remuneration of inventors and the protection of the public. If the gentlemen who are now pressing special bills on the notice of Congress can establish either of these facta, this is the course they are bound to pursue. But to pretend to appeal from the decision of the Commissioner of Pa- vents to Congress, without impugaing either that officer or the law under which he acts, pears tous as mischievous as it would allow a defeated litigant in the Unite Supreme Court to carry his case before Cov gress, asa last resource. Weare therefore deci dedly opposed to the passage of any special bills through Congress for the purpose of renewal of patents or any other monopolies which failed to obtain a renewal gnder the ostablisied statutes. ‘These ave our views. If the Union intended to convey similar ones in the long columas ap which it devotes to the subject, then we stand together, and we hope it will do its best to carry out our common convictions. In the be lief that, after all, we may -poasibly yet be found on the same side in the controversy, we will give the Union some advice. rid of its habit of using coarse language. People may differ from it in opinion without being either “loathsome” or “polluted.” Let it get | vania afford an excellent opportunity ot carry- quantities of gold from beyond sea and are oblig- ed to send it to Philadelphia to be coined has long engaged the attention of our leading men. The insubordination and reckless disregard for the interests of the Union now evinced by Pennsyl- ing out this very necessary change. Nor is it lees obvious that Pennsylvania, which absolutes ly refuses to allow her neighbors even to cross These are figures of speech which none | her borders without paying toll, should not be but ill-bred men or very youthful rhetoricians ever use. They add no strength to an argu- ment, and, if we may be allowed to speak from our own experience, are not very telling wea- pons ina controversy. If the Union were a little more abstemious in this respect, and tried the effect of occasional flashes of truth, it would be a mor® formidable debater. Of course we only offer these hints because we fancy the Union is going to advocate some views which we share. We should not have thought of complaining of the systematic abuse which the Union has showered upon our paper and our person during the last few months, We think we can safely say that the incessant stream of calumny and hard words—original and selected —with which the Union has visited our misde- meanors, has never once provoked us to retort upon old General Armstrong, the principal proprietor of that paper, or Nicholson, the prin- cipal editor.. How they wonld like to be called “vagabonds” and “polluted wretches,” &c., &e., day after day, we cannot say. Whatever feelings such a course on the part of the official organ might arouse in their breasts, were they in our position, and we in theirs, they would doubtless set less value on the abuse lavished on them if they had in their pockets a full refuta- tion of the slunders, and a full vindication of their character from no less an authority than he President of the United States. The Pennsylvania Insurrection. In the teeth of an outcry that would have ap- palled most factions our neighbors in Pennsyl- vania are still pursuing their lawless career and seeking yet further depths of infamy. We recorded a few days since the destruction of several bridges by the modest and refined ladies ofErie. We have now to draw public notice to the passage through the Pennsylvania Senate of the bill vepealing the charter of the Frauk- lin Canal Company. Should that will receive the sanction of the House of Representatives and the Governor, it would deprive the railroad company of the only authority under which they are acting, and would definitely close the contest by securing the victory to the people of Erie. Judging from the unanimous vote by which the bill passed the Senate, it would ap- pear that little doubt can be entertained of its reception by the other branch of the Legisla- ture. The true Pennsylvanian spirit is obvi- ously roused. and we must now expect from thence surpassing efforts in the way of mean- ness and narrow-mindedness. Like all races which have aimed at being exclusive, shutting themselves out from their neighbors. and steadily intermarrying among themselves. there is no doubt that the last century has effected a very serious deterioration in the in- habitants of Pennsylvania. We should look in vain to-day for any of that large and liberal spirit which warmed the bosoms of their fore- fathers of the Revolutionary era; petty, local, selfish cravings after gain, have choked it long since. Still. in spite of the plain indications afford- ed by these facts, we are loath to be- lieve that the Legislature of Pennsylvania will yet cross the Rubicon, and declare open war -upon the United States, by repealing the Franklin Canal Company’s char. ter. Blinded as our neighbors seem to be by prejudice, and eager as they have shown them- selves to injure New York, we can hardly bring ourselves to expeet that they will place on re- cord so disgraceful a memento of narrow-mind- ed selfishness. We speak not on behalf of the company. nor seek to lay stress on the private injustice involved in the sudden repeal of a charter in fall faith, on which large sums ot money have been expended and large worl.3 undertoken. The Franklin Canal Company must bear the penalty of having relied on such a body as the Pennsylvania Legislature. The injury doné to them is the smallest of the wrongs involved in the repeal of their charter. It is the principle embodied in that repeal which we regard as an indellible stain of the Penn- sylvanian escutcheon—a principle which states in broad terms that the people of the East and the people of the West shall have no thorough- fare through Pennsylvania unless they consent to pay toll on their way. Like Rob Roy in his Highland defile, the people of Erie intercept passengers on their journey, and refuse to al- low them to proceed till the accustomed black-. mail is paid. In this attitude the pirates and highwaymen are sustained by their government. The Senate approves the bold outlaws; and ere long we may hear of the Governor awarding them the same protection which feudal lords, for private rensons, used formerly to extend to felons of a similar stamp. In plain words, the enactment of the law which has just passed the Senate of Pennsylvania will establish that the people ot that State will not allow a road to be built within their borders unless the predatory propensities of the people of Erie are cared for in the act. This will, to our mind, be the first instance in which a State has refused to permit private individuals to improve its internal com- munications from a sordid fear that rapidity of iravel would diminish the consumption of vio- tuals by passengers on the way. Should the Legislature of Pennsylvania, how- erer, be bent on repealing the charter, the rest of the country ought to look around at once and examine the measures such an unparalleled outrage would require us to take. Anemphatic declaration by Pennsylvania, “that the East and West shall not communicate through her borders withoit paying toll,” clearly amounts to a declaration of hostilities against the Union, We expect no army to cross the border, and re- commend no fortifications to be erected; but, practically, the course pursued by Pennsylva- nia is an overt act of war just as much asa refusal to allow our vessels to unload in her ports would be. An absolute injury is inflicted on the whole East and West—an injury probably greater in its results than the effects of a few months war. These aggressions afford an am- ple justification for stringent measures. Both as an example for the future and a punishment for Penntylvania, it is but right that the United States should retaliate upon their rebellious sister. Two measures would probably effect the desired end and bring Pennsylvania to her senses. One is the removal of the Mint from Philadelphia to New York; the other the repeal of the. protective duty on iron. The former has been long required by the interests of trade; the inconvenience now eufiered by parties here who receive large allowed to levy a tax upon all of us for her pri- vate benefit, Here have we been this many a year paying six or seven millions ot dollars to protect theiron works of that State. It is time this wasetopped. Ifthe iron works cannot sup- port themselves today they should be aban- doned; at all events, if we cannot be permitted to travel from Buffalo to Cleveland without paying toll at Erie we object to a continuance ot the protective system. We expect the dele- gations from the North, East and West, to take up these matters at once, and legislate, with promptitude and vigor; nor can we doubt that the South will see the necessity of espousing their cause with frankness and spirit. * Tke New Common Council—Terrible Con- dition of the City. We have now lveen nearly a month under the reign of the new “reform’’? Common Council, and the actual condition of the city has been growing daily worse and worse. What with squabbling for offices, and making refurim speeches for Buncombe, the material every day interests of the city have altogejher received the go-by. Every body is engaged in strag- gling for a little popularity, or clutching at a portion of the spoils, while the city is left to take care of itself, The estimates of expendi- ture for the present year already amount to over four millions of dollars; and on Monday evening several Aldermen objected to the pas- sage of the Comptroller’s budget on the ground that it was not large enough, and must be in- creased in some important items. Alderman Herrick, among others, ingenuously confessed that if the Board would grant them a tew days more he would undertake to swell the bill at least fifty thousand dollars on the single appro- priation for gar. The budget, as thus increased, was adopted last evening; but we doubt not that the pious and patriotic example of Mr. Herrick will be emulated by other members in the course of its discussion, so that by the time the appropriation bill passes it will pro- bably reach five millions. Now, the first end and aim of the Common Council is to sce that this sgug little sum of five millions is properly applied ; and to secure so desirable an object every body of course tries to get as much as possible of it into own bands. To one who “knows the ropes” the meetings of the new Council thus far have presented only a series of struggles on all hands to get control of the largest possible amount of this famous five millions. Meanwhile nobody cares about the city—nobody thinks of the iriterests of the public in any one par- ticular. The humbugged inhabitants are doomed litefally to wallow through mud and filth for the want of scavengers—to run the risk of breaking their necks down cellar traps and building caves—to be liable to be insulted and beaten in omnibueses and cars—to be knocked down and robbed in the public tho- roughfares—and, altogether, to be worse pro- tected and worse cared for thun the travellers through the pas.es of the Rocky Mountains at the same time that they are paying three times as much in direct taxation as would suf fice to proeure a good and eflicient city govern ment. Yes. we confidently assert that for two millions a year competent and responsibl- parties can be found who will undertake t» provide our city with a complete and efiicient administration of its affairs—to keep the streets clean and the pavements in repair—to see that the lamps are lighted and the public markets rendered accessible and tolerable—to police the whole city day and night with good and faith- ful men, who won’t run away at the first tap of aclub on the sidewalk—and to see that all the other interests of the city are faithfully and promptly administered. In fact. two millions is ample for all this; and of course the other three millions, even if affairs were properly ad- ministered under the present régimé, would be, as they are, common public plunder for the patd and sworn servants of the people. This seems an enormous sum to be squan- dered by the public officers of a single city, even of the size and importance of New York. But an examination into the way in which the business of the city is conducted will at once quench all astonishment. For example: for the single item of the cong miesioners’ charges and counsellor’s fees in opening new streets and avenues, &c., the city has paid tor years past at the rate of from $40 000 to $100,000 a year for services that ought to have been performed for one-fiftieth part ofthat sum, The process of that swindle is thie:—On the opening of a street or avenue the Counsel for the Corporation applies to the Supreme Court for three commissioners for that particular job. These commissioners receive four dollars a day for appraising and assessing the value of the land which is to be occupied by the proposed improvement. They hire a room, a set of clerks, buy a large quantity o° stationery. (which proves anything but station- ary,) employ @ surveyor, hire carriages. mes- sengers, and the Lord knows what and set themselves quietly down for a nice fat job—the corporation counsel being, of course, retained at a swinging fee of $600 to $1,000 for each affair. The arrangements being thus completed, our commissioners meet every morning at the nearest oyster cellar or public house, take a drink all round at the expense of the corpora- tion, and adjourn over to next day. This goes on for a period of time averaging from five months to two years, for labor which could have been thoroughly performed in from tbree days toa week. In due time the account is presented to the Supreme Court—the judge has no time to attend to it, or is perhaps con- veniently out of town—and so the clerk audits the account, certifies to its being correct, and the money is paid over. We are aware that statements implying such unmitigated rascality as this are unworthy of attention unless supported by special in- stances, and we therefore give enough from our notes and data to show that we know what we are about, and that these allegations are not lightly ‘brought. In the case of opening Seventh avenue the assessment of real estate was $48 000, and the costs of the commissioners and corporation attorney for the job were $13,500. The charges of the commissioners and counsel in the case of the Eleventh avenue were over $9,000. The Fourth avenue cost $33,333 for commissioners’ and counsellor’s fees and expenses alone ; and £0 on. In one cage, that of extending 125th street, at Harlem, for about three blocks, th@ assessment for property was only $i—the owa+ ers of the real estate having given the land for nothing—while the fees of counsel and commis« sioners amounted at first to $2,750. This, hows ever, being rejected by the court, another efforé was made by taking into the proposed improve~ ment @ portion of the street which had beem already open for many years—and this time the costs swelled to $3,081. If this is not already paid we advise an immediate setilement, for there is no telling what it will amount to in @ few months longer. Senator Whitney, fronr this city, has recently introduced a bill prox hibiting the Counsel of the Corporation from re« ceiving fees in any case of opening streets and avenues ; and although this functionary, as we understand, has gone to Albany with a squad of friends and dependants for the purpose of de« feating the passage of the bill, yet we trast thag the Legislature will not be champagned or bam- boozled into defeating or neglecting this salu- tary measure. It is true that it stous up but one leakhole ; but when we are at sea in a gale, with the piston-rod broken and the gallant ship foundering, any relief is vitally welcome. We have, however, very little serious hope of the paseage of this bill, as a majority of the New York city delegation in the Legislature have been too well drilled in the part they are to play, to permit any real retrenchment to take place in the administration of the affairs of the city. Besides, echemes of personal interest and aggrandizement are pressing upon them from every quarter, and occupying sl! their time and attention. Amongst others we learn that a delegation is now in Albany, headed by an editor of a particularly reformative Wall street journal, to log-roll a bill through the present Legislature authorizing the city of New York to issue $2,000,000 of stock, in the shape of a loan, to pay off the debts and Nabili- ties incurred by the law of 1843 authorizing the corporation to buy in the real estate for- feited for non-payment of taxes, which law was subsequently set aside by Judge Edmonds and the decision sustained by the Court of Ap- peals. This nice little plumb pudding of $2,000,000 is anxiously watched in the cook ing, and everybody expects to get a handsome slice. But we shall see how far the members from the other parts of the State will permit themselves to be humbugged and hoodwinked by the Peter Funk lobby members from New York city and their hungry friends. d Terripie Conpitiox or New York —What is the condition of our city—its strects, ite avenues, its markets, its wharves, its side~ walks? With all cur boasted prosperity and refinement—our palatial hotels, where our republican ladies and gentlemen, for three dollars a day and ‘extras, sit at tables and march through saloons and corridors that shame the Louvre and Verzailles— the moment you venture out of doors you are painfully reminded that you are in the worst governed, the most unsafe, tha filthiest and most uncomfortable city inthe world. If you get into an omnibus you will be coolly de- tained by the driver until his vehicle is ful, and then you will run the risk of having your pocket picked. or, if you are a lady, of being grossly in+ sulted by some drunken rowdy. Venture intoa rail-car, and you find yourself standing squeezed, like a red herring in a box among fifty or sixe ty people in a car intended only for twenty or thirty. Here you are trampled on. spit on by ‘obacco-chewers and suffocated with the fumes of dirty bodies and whiskey-swilliog stomachs: To avoid all these, go out on foot, and the first thing you will encounter will be the prepara- tions for a new building, which entirely occupy the sidewalk and extend half across the street, compelling you to wade through the mad round a brick-pile at the risk of being knocked down by a democratic cab-driver or having the pole of an omnibus driven through your body. As to those immaculate policemen, with th eir uni- form blue surtouts and gold buttons and stars, we have read of them, but we have not yet heard of the lucky individual who has scen them. In the lower part of the city, and even in Broadway itself, the mud and filth of the strects are at this moment frightful--incon- ceivable. Complaints are daily pouring into the office of the Chief of Police, who can do nothing but hand them over to the Street Commissioner. He will do nothing, be- cduse the streets are to be cleaned by contract, and he has nopower in the premises. The May- or can do nothing—the heads of the executive departments shoulder the responsibility from. one to the other, until at last it is tumbled in- to the mud and disappears; and the Common Council wastes its time and the people’s money in maneuvring to see who sball get the first grab at those five millions of public plunder looming so temptingly in the distance. What is the key to all this mischief? Simply this: there is no responsibility anywhere—and without direct responsibility no good govern- ment is possible. Every year’s experience is pressing upon us with irresistible force the con- vietion that, to have a good and efficient city government, supreme power as well as su- preme responsibility must be vested in a single department or a single individual. We don't care who this individual may be, nor what his office is called, to that he is honest, vigorous, and is vested with absolute power to carry summarily into effect those daily and hourly functions of government upon which the health, cleanliness, and good order of the city depend. All patchwork petty legislation, even by men ten times abler than any Common Council that ever did*or is likely to exist. only frets and irritates the sore and exhausts the strength of the patient. We must have an out- and-out refurm—a reform in the whole strac- ture and theory of our city government—a re- form that will sweep away all these innumera- ble departments and powers, responsible to no- body but themselves, and jealous only as to who shall secure the greatest amount of public plunder, and in their place erect, on a broad and firm basis, a single massive, simple system of practical government, clothed with absolute power and charged with infinite responsibility. Koszta ayp His Frurxns.—Martin Kosats, 2 Hanga« Tis, epou whore shoulders two men (Commaacer Ine staham ané Secreta: y Macey) bave risen to fame, whisk ‘hey coula never have otherwise achieved, i# now in thig city, where be bas teen living for some time pst on the charity of some of his exiled eo patriots, Hy» wen! to Europe to secure, it possible, something from the wreck. of his family estate; bat before he could do ro he was reized at Smyrna, liberated, and sent to Awerica, He landed at Boston without a cent. He was “expressed” ia Weshivgten, where Marsy was glad to know that be wae free, and hinted to bim.tha’ it would be well enough for him to go about his businers Hs returned to New York, having teen obliged to borrow the money for bis expensee. from sons foreign frieo's a* Washington, He had left his tracks im Bostow, ard we age'n obliged to borrow money with which to obtain thom. He secured bis traoks, enc then took up bis raideses with s hospitsble Gere man at Brooklyn. He bee made many applications fog