The New York Herald Newspaper, January 6, 1854, Page 4

: NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, | OrrwE WW. CORNER OF FULTON AND NAseAU BTS. | AMUSBMENTS THIS EVENING. REC ERY THEATER, Bowory—Wairine on tae Watt ENIELLO ROUGH DIAMOND. ‘AY THEATRE, Brosdway—Two Buzzanve— | GDava.ace ow THE Lances. seeneceeces Me D BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers «trocy-Comapy OF Munors—Avdverrisine vor a Wire—Toopies. MATIONAL THRA’ Chatham strect—afemecn— Marci sary. Beening—Umoue Tom's Canin. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Rroadwar—Cvniosirigs oF Li- wecatuRE- Laven Wuew You Caw Oke BLunpERs THAN One. AMERICAN MURROW Aferncon—Hor Comm. Rvening —Rosinson Crusoe -Maior Jones’ COURTSHIP. BROADWAY MENAGSRIE—Siamnse Twos any Wp ‘Dears. BOWERY AMPHITHEATRE, 9 Bowery.—Bquzsraian mmpoRmances. GHRISTY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, «72 Broad- pe tenrorias MaLopizs Cunury’s Mineraeis. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood’s Minstrel Hall, 444 Broad- wep.—Ermorian Minarhctsy. BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 689 Brosdway.—Bvex aev's Bruvorian Oren Trove. BANVARD’S GRORAMA, 60 Broadway.—Pawonaua ev wus Hory Lanp. _MMENISH GALLERY, 665 Brosdway.—Day and Bveaing. SGHOR BLITZ—Srovvesant Inorrrurs, 689 Broadway AOADEMY HALL, 663 lway.—Penuam’s Girr Ex- @useeson oF THE Saven Mine Minnon. ROPE CHAPEL, 718 Broadway.—Jonxs’ Panrosoors. SHE WORLD IN MINIATURE—Bronéway, corner of ‘White street. BRYAN GALLERY OF CHRISTIAN ART—&43 Broad "Wew York, F:iday, January 6, 1854. The News. By way of Halifax we have the startling an- mouncement that the new steamship San Francisco, whicb left this port on the 21st ult., with some five hundred soldiers, besides a large number of officers, their families and otbor passengers, was fallen in with, completely disabled, five days afterwards, in lat. 38 20, lon. 69. Her decks were swept and boats gone. Weare informed that this intelligence has created great excitement in Washington, and that the Secretary of War immediately ordered a mer- ehant steamer to be chartered and sent to the relief of the San Francisco. The Secretary of the Navy will also order several revenue cutters to proceed in pearch of the reported wreck; but, in reply to the re- @uest of Senator Gwin, was forced to make the mortifying acknowledgement that there was nota Bovernment steamer in any of the ports fitto be @ut.0a the voyage of mercy. The San Francisco Wis @ new and staunch built vessel, and well ete red—cire:mstances that would strengthen the hops that those on board would eventually reach thir homes in safety. She was destined for San Francisco, via the Straits of Magellan, touching at Rio Janeiro, Valparaiso and Acapulco. She had on board Companies A, B, D,G,H,I, K andL of fhe Third regiment of United States Artillery. ‘These companies, with the non-commissioned staff and band of the regiment, constitated a force of about five hundred men. Among her passengers were Mr. George Aspinwall, Capt. J. W. T. Gardi- ner, of the First dragoons, who intended to join his regiment in California, and Lieut. F.K. Murray, of the navy, who intended to joiu the squadron at Rio, also the following list of army officers and their families :— Lolonel William Gates, Maj rand Brevat Li Major Charles S$ Mer: eon R. 8 Satrerlee. Assistant Surgeon H. Ro Wirtz First Lieut. &. 1. Fremont, Regimental Quartermaster ramanding regiment. Colonel! J. M. Washington. 0d Acting Adjutant, First Lieut L. Leever, Actirg Avsistant Commissary. Capt and Brevet Lieut. Jclone) M. Barke, commanding Company T. Capt. and Brevet Mujor George Teylor, commanding pany A. apt. and Brejet Mejor F. 0. Wyse, commanding Com- D. . oes H. B. Jndd, comman‘ing detachment of reernits to corstitute Comparier Band 1. Firé: Lieut. and Brevet Captain HB. Field, command- Company K ret Lieut. W. A Winder, commanding Company @. First Lieut. © & Winder, commanding Company H. First Lieut. R. H. Smith. Becond Lient. J Van Voast. Brevet Second leat. J. G. Chandier. Officers f.wilies.— Mrs. Gates and three children, Mise Garter, Mrs Merchant and two children, Miss Valeria Merchant, Mrs. Chase snd son, Mrs Fremont and three ehildren. Mrs. L-eser, Mirs Eaton, Mrs, Taylor, Mrs. Wyve end child, Mre. Judd. We annex a list of the officers of the San Fraa-’ elsco:— 3, T. Watkins, Commander. Eiward Melius, Ist offices, A. Auchiolick, 1st Eoginesr. Jsa Farnsworth 34 do @eo. Gratton, 24 do. David Denham, 24 do, Ohs F Barton, 34 do. James Crosby, 2delo. Jobn Me 4th do. B. Doneghan, 34 do. J. W. Marebail, Chisf Eog’r, C. Heifmen, 8d do. Advices from Barrington, N.S., to the 3d inst., confirm the report of the wreck of the ship Stafford- sh're, and the loss of over one hundred lives Two boats had been picked up, containing forty-four Persons, including the four mates, who state that Captain Richardson and all the others Jeft on board went down with the vessel. We published a list of her pasrengers yesterday. The steamship Empire City, bound from New Orleans, via Havana, to this port, went ashore on Barnegat last Tuesday night. All her passengers, with their baggage, were landed in safety, as will be seen by the report elsewhere. We have some additional and quite interesting political and commercial news brought from Europe by the steamship Canada, at Halifax. One of the most striking features of this intelligence is the annoupcement that a Russian squadron arrived at Japaii on the 22d of August, wag received most cor @ially, and has since remained there. This looks queer. There is nothing of special moment relative tothe war question. The Russians, is will be seen, ‘were rejoicing most boisterously over their reported victories in Asta. B The steamship Illinois arrived yesterday, with the Panengers, mails, and treasure of the wrecked steamship Winfield Scott. The maila from San Francisco are to the 7th ult., being just one week's Inter advices than previously received by the North- ern Light. From the papers we have gleaned some additional items of intelligence relative to politics, jodicial decisions, murders, lynching, Indian diffi- culties, &c., which, together with the lists of mar- riages and deaths, will be found very entertaining, particularly to those having friendg in that section ef the continent. Governor Stevens, aczompanied by his artist, veached Fort Vancouver about the middle of Decem- ber, and shortly after left for his post in Washing- ton Territory. He is quite confident that the route he has travelled is feasible for a railroad track; and one of his assistants, Capt. McClelland, who at last accounts was in charge of the greater part of the @ompany, reports that he has surveyed two routes through the Cascades, both of which are practicabse for the contemp!ated road. Every arrival from Oregon brings accounts of the destruction of the homes of the white settlers by the Indians. Ail the tribes, with the exception of ‘the Blackfee} and the Shokans, both of whom Gov, Stevens represents as friendly, seem to have leagued together with the view of driving the pale faces from the country. Disease and miafortane, however, have so thinned out the various bands of red men on the western side of the Rocky mountaias that they are nearly powerless in battle, and can now only commit havoc by suddenly desvending upon the unwary settler, burning his cabin, murder ing bis wife and little ones, aad driving off his stock The Dlinois has supplied us with late intelligence from Atstralia and South and Central America, fal! deta'ls of which are given elsewhere. The news from Melbourne and Sydney shows that, although trade was doll, gold was as abundant as ever, and cople were pour g in from all quarters of the vcrld to procure thelr share of it. Our Peruvian correspondent gives the particulars ef the difficulty with “olivia, is of opinion that a general row will sho tly commence, and winds up with the remark that the guano at the Chincha Islands will last ‘for thirty years. { The political news from Washington to-day is in. teresting but not important. Much anxiety exists to get a glimpse at the treaty known to have been ne gotiated by Minister Gadeden with Mexico; but the | administration seems disinclined to gratify either Congressmen or any body else with regard to this matter. The House of Representatives spent the } whole of yesterday in debating the resolution ten- dering thanks and a gold medal to Capt. Ingraham. Some of the speeches on the occasion were very Piguant. The Senate, after a pession of twenty minutes, adjourned till Monday—consequently little ‘was done in that body. General Cass will give his views upon the Clayton and Bulwer treaty next Tuesday. ‘ The Legislature is not yet fairly under way. In the Senate notice was given of a bill to establish ® commission to report upon the encroachments of the harbor of New York. The resolution providing for the completion of the canais was amended, and referred to the Committee on Canals. Bills were in- ‘troduced to prevent the sale of intoxicating liquors asa beverage; also in relation to charges of attor neys in this city in certain cases. In the Assembly, so much of the Governor's message as relates to temperance was referred to aselect committee. Bills were presented to legalize primary elections, and make the office of Chief of Police of this city elective by the people. Our readers are referred to the let- ter of our correspondent at Albany for more extend- ed remarks on the doings of the “assembled wis- dom.” The latest intelligence concerning the difficulties between the railroad company and the authorities of Erie, Pa., isin the highest degree gratifying. A despatch from Pittsburg states that proceedings were had yesterday before Judge Irwin, of the United States District Court, which resulted in the sen- tence of one of the Harbor Creek rioters, nam2d John Kirkpatrick, to imprisonment. The Judge also issued an order placing the railroad in the pos- session of the United States Marshal to enforce the injunction. Thus it seems at last the authorities ave determined to act with decision; and it is to be hoped that the influential instizators of this out Tageous lawlessness, as well as their deluded ab: tors, will be brought to condign punishment. In con- nection with this subject we publish an interesting article, going far back into the causes of these trou- bles—as far back as the “good old colony times”— and coming down to the present day, but which fails in presenting sufficient justification for the lamenta- ble and disgraceful cccurrences which have been enacted. Several members of the New York County Medi- cal Society met last evening in the Crosby street college, pursuant to previous notice. A quorum not being present, the meeting was adjourned until next Wednesday night. Professor James Renwick delivered an interesting and instructive lecture last evening befere the ment- bers of the Mechanics’ Institute, upon the “ History, State, and Prospects of the Harbor of New York.” We give a report of the lecture. The Board of Aldermen met at five o'clock last evening, and transacted a large amount of routine business with very little debate. There were five con- munications read from his Honor the Mayor, in each of which he conveyed & veto upon some act, resolu- tion or ordinance of the late Board, as will be seen from the papers, which are printed in extenso in our official report. He thus vetoed the resolution and ordinance permitting the New York and Harlem Railroad Company to put down rails in Crosby, Eim and other streets; a resolution assigning two rooms over Essex market to the Commissioner of Streets and Lamps; a resolution to provide a three story house for the use of Hose’ Company No. 60; a reso lution providing better accommodation for Hose Company No. 5; and a resolution authorizing the Commissioner of Streets to investigate the claims of all contractors for the charges of grading, gravelling, &c., the new Central Park, and certify to the Comp- troller the sums to be paid. Upon reading this last named document, it will be found that the reasons assigned by the Mayor for his dissent are very forcible. The annual report of the Public Ad- ministrator was presented, but not read. It was or dered to be printed. It was also ordered that the Chief Engineer of the Fire Department do report upon the present strength of the entire force, and whether it was or was not_too extensive, and, also, if aconsolidation of companies may not be ordered with advantage, particularly in the Seventh and Eighth districts. The Board of Councilmen, after a protracted se- ries of ballotings, about midnight succeeded in elect- ing Mr. Edwin J. Brown, whig, of the Forty- first district, as President. Notice was given that the seats of three or four members were to be contested, after which the Board adjourned till this evening. See the official and special reports for the speech of the President, theschedule of ballotings, &. We annex ¢ brief list of the contents of today’s pages:—Late news from the Bahamas, New Mexico and E] Paso; the Spotls Cabinet, and Colt’s Patent; Decisions in the Court of Appeale; Important Deci- sions in the Supreme Court, relative to the Action of Police Justices; Admiralty Decision in the United States District Court; Proceedings of the Court of Sessions; Organization of the new City Government of Brooklyn; Democratic Senatorial Caucus at Al- bany; Financia! and Trade Reports, including many important commercial statistica, &. British and American Diplomacy in Central American Affairs. The recent debate in the Senate has once more drawn public attention to the subject of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty.. At the time that document was first made public the organs of the government claimed for Mr. Clayton a very high degree of credit for the astute diplomacy it displayed on his part, and complacently voted themselves public thanks for having, as they said, extinguished the English protectorate in Central America. Those of our readers who can recollect events so far back, will remember how perseveringly we combated this impres- sion. ‘We declared our conviction, at the time the treaty made its appearance, that Mr. Clayton had been duped, and that Bulwer had contrived to convey into the document a double meaning, of which Great Britain wonld not fail to take advantage. There were many at that time who ascribed the tenor of our comments on the treaty to personal malice and reckless animosty tothe govern- ment, just as, at the present time, scores of peo ple believe that our opposition to General Pierce arises trom personal disappointment or other disqreditable causes. Then, as now, how- ever, we withstood the invectives of the goyern> ment organs, and resolutely persisted in pro- nouncing the treaty to be a fallacy and a snare from beginning to end. The publication of the correspondence between Lord Clarendon and Mr. Marcy shows that we were right. Through- out the negotiation, Sir Henry Bulwer hood- winked his antagonist, and despite all the asser- tions of the Taylor organs of that day, it isnow clear tNat the whole question will need to be re- discussed, and the battle with British diplomacy fought over again. A singular thing it is, in truth, to see how completely the Taylor administration and every subsequent Cabinet have been duped in relation to Central American affairs. Not one of our Secretaries since 1849 appears to hate had the slightest glimmering of light on the subject. The only man who seems to have underatood the question, and to have aseamed the ground towards England which the United States ought to occupy, was Mr. Squiers, who was re- moved by Mr. Clayton, probably because he did see the true bearings of the dispute, and reso- Tutely get himself to counteract the intrigues of Chatfield, the British agent. With this single exception, all our statesmen, as well demo- cratic as whig. have been so busy in portioning out the public plunder and satisfying greedy confederates, that they havefnever had time or inclination to study the Central American problem. The consequence has been that the duplieity of Chatfield and the intrigues of Bul- wer have been perfectly successful, and that, ever since the execution of the Clayton treaty, the British influence in Central America has steadily progressed, and her agents have lost no opportunity of strengthening their position and consolidating their power. Precisely similar reasons to those which first directed our attention to Central America now give it peculiar importance in the eyes of Great Britain. We thought little of it before the an- nexation of California and the discoveries of gold indicated the necessity of our securing free and safe inter-oceanic routes of travel.Since then Australian gold has materially altered the views of England. She has now as lively an interest in securing a right of way across the Isthmus as we have. Hence her determined rivalry with us for the privilege and the im- munities flowing therefrom. Had Mr. Clayton been a man of equal diplomatic skill to Sir Henry Bulwer the matter would have been settled long ago. He was not; and his intel- lectual deficiencies were aggravated by mental pre-occupations which entirely prevented his giving to the negotiation the study it deserved. In one word, at the time the treaty was made, Mr. Clayton, like Mr. Marcy now, was too busy in dividing the spoils and fighting down the opposition of the Heratp, to think seriously of the abiding interests of the country. He was too deeply concerned in defending his adminis- tration from the assaults of public opinion to attend to inter-oceanic routes and privileges. We regret to say that we anticipate no better fortune from the hands of the present Cabinet. Mr. Marcy has neither the talent nor the dis- position to plunge into the labyrinth and un- ravel the tangled web of Central American diplomacy. His début in foreign policy was a pettifogging plagiarism from Daniel Webster; and he bad not, even courage and consistency enough to maintain the doctrines of the Koszta letter for three consecutive months. It is doubt- ful, in fact,whether we ever had so ignorant and so incapable a Secretary as this same Mr. Marcy. During the whole course of a long po- litical life he has never evinced an aptitude for anything higher than apportioning spoils or healing dissensions in his party in this State, at a sacrifice of principles, or lobbying for claims, patents, and other fat sgurces of profit in Wash- ington. To expect from such a man a settle- ment of the Central American difficulty would be simply absurd. ComMENCEMENT oF THE Sports LEGISLATION.— We have already given some intimation of the extraordinary prizes, in the shape of spoils, which are now being held up to the dazzled gaze of our legislators and their fridnds at Washington—prizes which, in the aggregate, far exceed the mines of California in wealth and promise. We have also drawn attention to the herds of lotby agents, speculators, and other parties, interested in railroads, lines of steam- ers, government appropriations, <c., now con- gregated in the vicinity of Pennsylvania ave- nue. It would seem, however, if the organ of the administration and the kitchen cabinet is to be believed, that most of these people will lose their time, for the exemplary brotherhood whose mouthpiece it is intend to take the busi- ness into their own hands. The members ofthe Cabinet, assisted by their kitchen allies, pur- pose entering the field as lobby agents; and it cannot be doubted that their superior influence and facilities will soon give them a monopoly of this branch of trade. The first symptom of this new movement of the Cabinet and their allies appears in an able, clear, and well reasoned article, in the Union, in favor of the renewal of Colt’s famous patent for firearms. Mr. Colt’s application for such renewal has already been reported on to the House, and a bill for his reMlef introduecd and twice read. Now that the administration has undertaken to lobby for him there cannot be a doubt of its passing. We give elsewhere extracts from the Union article, which serve to show the zeal manifested by the Cabinet in this matter, and add to them the report of Mr. Mason, Commissioner of Pa- tents, refusing, for grounds fully and elabor- ately stated, the extension solicited by Mr. Colt under the present law. From this report it would appear that, under his present patent, without further extensions, Mr. Colt would derive from his invention a profit which could hardly fall short of two millions of dollars. A renewal, therefore, such as contemplated by the bill for his relief, and supported so energetically by the Union, would probably add to these enormous gains some five or six additional millions. This item will serve to show the value of the patent and other “ diggings” now being explored and wrought at Washington, and will give us an insight into the motives which induce the kitchen cabinet to use its influence to reverse the decision of the Commissioner of Patents. Taking Colt’s case as a criterion, the proba- ble value of the spoils legislation which will come before Congress during the present sea- sion may be estimated somewhat as follows :— AGGREGATE VALUE AND AMOUNT OF SPotts TO HR PassRD UPO BY CONGRESS DURING bon amet Twenty patents, varying from one million to five Toliliocs each om Fifteen or twenty railroad projects wanting dcnations of public laads—160 millions of acres—worth at least, $59,000 000 370.000,000 60.000 000 30 060,000 > $430,000, 000 Innocent people ont of Washington suppose that the President’s message and the various reports of the departments are the only matters of importance which engage the attention of Congress, and require to be discussed and voted on by members. It is well that this juvenile delusion should becorrected. The proceedings ot Congress, if confined to political discussions and debates on these documents, would be like the play of Hamlet without the part of Hamlet. ‘The real pith and marrow of the Congressional business are the private applications for spoils. This year, for instance, the applications for ro- newal of patents, the applications for aid to railroads, the government appropriations, and the disposal of the surplus revenue, will involve spoils legislation to the amount of some five hundred millions of dollars. This is the sum which lies un- der the control of the present administration. This it is which gives them the influence, strength and power, necessary to carry any point they please at Washington. Their roal policy ie now announced by their organ, the Union ; and, with such resources, it will evince asingular want of management and skill on their part if they fail"to pass any measure they wish in both Houses, or to obtain the confirma- tion of any appointment, however obnoxious to the country at large. We have truly a.spoils administration, a spoils Cabinet, and a spoils Congress. War wrrn Enoianp, France anp Spam.— This great event has begun. M. Soulé, senior, has opened his batteries upon the Marquis of Turgot, the French Minister, backed by Lord Howden the British Minister, and Soulé, junior, has followed with cannonade upon the Duke of Alba, one of the grandees of Spain, and brother-in-law of the Empress of the French. No damage has yet been done—but the hostili- ties have commenced—the cause of the fright- ful encounters springs from a lady. We ad- mire the spunk displayed by both the Soulés, and will back them to the full extent of one American fire-eater. The particulars of the duels have not yet been received; we saall soon have them, and they will be important. We did not like the appointment of Soulé, but he has shown so much spirit in defending the cause of a lady that we are led to say that he deserves immediate confirmation by the Senate for his conduct in this matter. : Tue ApMINisTRATION AND GENERAL Scorr.— The organ of the administration at Washington bas come out in opposition to the passage of the law which provides for the creation of the rank of Lieutenant-General, with a view to the con- ferring of that title upon Gen. Scott. We have seen nothing so utterly mean and contemptible as this action of the Cabinet and its organ against the proposed increase in the nominal rank of General Scott in his old age. We are persuaded that. at no period from the Declaration of Inde- pendence down to the present time, no Presi- dent and no Cabinet could ever have bemeaned themselves by pursuing such a course. We have something more to say upon this subject before we have done. Crry Rerorm ayp THe Common Covnom..— What has become of all the tremendous quan- tity of retorm which has been predicted daring the year past of the present Common Council? All gone—all exploded—all evaporated —before the termination of the first week of their official existence ; nothing but quarrels. nothing but splits, broils, and wrangling. A sad and sorry Prospect is before the good city of New York for the cleaning of her streets, the prevention of rowdyism, the efficiency of her police, and the remedying of the thousand other evils from which we have been suffering for some time past. Usine Generat Woor.—Our young cotem- porary and tender says that we are “using” General Wool, because we have given an ac- count of his recent dinner. Certainly, we ar¢ using General Wool. The country has been using him to fight its battles for the last forty years, and now the people of the country, and we, as their representative, desire to use him in a different capacity. Is there any harm in it? Ocean Penny Postace.—Mr. Elihu Burritt, of Massachusetts, has commenced a movement in favor of ocean penny postage, and he will address a meeting to be held at the Tabernacle this evening. The Mayor of the city will fill the chair. Accident on the Erie Railroad—A Smash of the Locomotive. About 10 o’clock yesterday morning, the Cincinnati ex- press train from Dunkirk met with a break down, which threw the whole train eff the track at a place called Marsport, anc, wonderful to relate nota as lost, al. though at first it wes thought many were killed, From the information received, we learn that the cause of the accident was occasioned by the flange of the locomotive wheel breaking, which threw it off the track, and in. staotly became detached from the baggage car, the locomotive burying itself in sand bank, and the bag- gage car and train passed on; the former pitched down the benk, upsetting the stove, which came near setting fire to the car, had it not been for the beggage master’s presence of mixd in throwing snow on the stove, which exticguiabed the flames. There were about two hundred passengers, yet not one was injure: the accident. Burron’s THmaTre.—Last nig! ttle comedy was pro duced at this theatre, entitled “Advertising for » Wife,” its chief merit being a display of those versatile powers for which Miss Robertron bas gained so great a celebrity On the first appearance of this lady, some wonths ago, we informed the public that a new ard brillisnt star bad suddenly sppesred upon our theatrical horizon. That opin‘on has been already enthusiastically endorsed, and Mi:s Robertson is now established as unquéstionadly one of the greatest comediennes in our country. The sew piece, last night, can only be called @ frame for this actress of all work. Itis « pretty setting for a little gem Suice oF A New Yorear.—A yourg man who said his pame was Henry C. Morton, but whose real name was suppored to be Henry Cox, and who said he resided at No, 89 Leopard street, ia this city, committed suicide at Baston, Pennsylvacia, on the 28th ult., by taking leuda- num. Exxovrions mm Vincinia.—Three executions will take place to-day in Virginia. Andrew H. Trayer and Henry ‘T. Wilson, for the murder of Willism Coleman, will be hung in Stanton, and the negro Charles, for an attempt to commit a rape upon a respectable white woman, will be executed in Jefferson county. Marine Affairs. Sunine oF Carona Sraamens.—The steamship Obio, for Aspinwall, and the Northern Light, for Sam Jass, Nicaragua, left port yesterday. Tae Ohio carries 760 ‘and the Northern Light avout 00 passengers, for Call forsia. Dearn or 4 &xa Cartan —Captain Fairbanks, of bark Seone, from Boston for Havana, was taken sick of typhus fevec the day after leaving p rt. The vessel pat into Nasean, N. P, onthe 18th December, wh: re Captaia 3. died om the 21s, and was baried next day. y Naval Intelligence. ARRIVAL oF 4 Prize Staver.—The schoomer N. H. Gam- brill, Lieut. De Camp commanding, arrived at this por: yesterday in fifty-three days from Loando, South Africa, after having experianced a muccession of violent gales, which stove bulwarks, and did other damage. The N.H G. hails from Baltimore, is o slaver, and prize to the U. 8. frigate Constitntion, Commodore Isaac Mayo, and was captured on the 34 November, off Couge River, ard placed in charge of Lieut. De Camp, who brought her home. Ghe brings home the cock and one seaman belongiog |” to the also twelve seamen (invalids) from tne following are the names :— 8 Jaw ery dy Toando Nov. 8, for Sean ak Se 1 5 bias oman ee Lrsvt. Murray, U, 8. pene ~~ ba Secretary of the Navy, though «| ads Me the recent Moore Gontsh tant wt Berea, Mas, pon arge against this officer, dina the sen It oy oe aes 2 Mb ote Bn hee 4 obedience of orders, neglecting rep imaelf ara duty as rpeaified in bis orders. The Secretary brought ‘the ch 8 1D person, and the eet Leda 3 lained above. Their sentence was that he be reprimanded and suspended from duty for sx months. ‘The ecretary. as the taws ard regulations of the service fautborize him to do, has refased vo #anc ton this punish ment, and haa mabstitated for it a /orloogh fora: ear without pay. The court egmtance was, in fact, no penalty Or puniriment. Indeed, it involved a great favor to aa Officer who dloes not like salt water. It was neither more nor less tham six months ieave on fall pay.— Washington Star; 4 Obitaary. Flonack Carmen, editor ena proprietor of the Democratic Standard, Akron, Obio, died on the 29th alt., of lang fever Ms. Canfield was one of ‘the pioneer printers of Obio, - time be anticipated or pledged and 15th June, 1853, at the extra session:— Substitate for rection 3 of ariiale 7, the following : After paying the said expenses of c denes. and repairs of the canals, and the sums appropri- ated by the firet ano seound sec! of this yt een sball be ated and set 2 ia eash year, f the surplus revenues of canals, as a sinking fod catingutch the principle wibia eighteen years, of oxj wit ightesn, Joan mace under this section: and if the sald sinking fad chal. not be sufficient to redeem any partof the principal at the stipulated times of payment, or to pay any part of the interest of euch loaas, as stipulated, the means to satisfy any such deticieacy shall be procured on the credit of aid eiaking fund. After complying with the foregoing provisions, tere shall be paid anaually out of reve- be earpte. tl the by ye nae the State, two handred thou- et lars, to cefray the necessar: jpepses of govera- » The remaiader shall, in eacs fiscal year, be ap. eo upletion of the canals mentinned in this section, aati ‘the ssid cavals shall be completed. In each fisosl year thereatter the remainder shall be dispoerd of ia sash & mavone: os the Legislature way direct, but rhall at n0 r more than ene year in acvarce. The Legi-lsture shall anuuslly, Cucing the pex: four years, sppropriats to the exiargement of the Erie, the Oswego, the Cayuga sod Seneca canals and tet completion of the Beach River and Gene nee Volley canals, and for the ealargement of the Jocks of the Champlain cansl, whenever, from dilapida- tion or cecay, it rhall be xecessary to rebuild them, # rum not exceeding two millions two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. The remaincer of the revenues of the cansls for the current fiscal year in which wact ap- Propriation is made, shall be spplied to meet such appro- prlation; and if the same ahall be deemed inuiicieut, the egiviature shall, at the same session, provide for the de- flotency ry loan ' Toe Legislature aball_also borro¥ one million five hundred thousand dollars, to refund to the hoiders of tro oanal certificates issued’ under the provi- Looe But tops of chapter 486 of the lavn.{ the yea am unt recetved into the t exaury the eoa. terest to accrue after July 1, 1955, she li be v certiteates, The provisions of ection twe've « ele, requiring eve -y Jaw for borrowing moony te mitted to the people. hall not »pply to the loan. ized by this reation. No part of tue revenuas o or of the fands borrowe. under this section, shalt ve psit cr applied upon, or in comsquencs of any adeged cot tract made uncer chapter 485 cf the lawaof tbe year 1351, except to pay for work done or materials tin'vhed to the first day of June, 1852. The rates of tol! va cerns avd property tranrported on the a ekasil not ber duced below thore for the year 1852, «1 y the Canal Bosra, with the concurrence of the Legislature. All ov: tracts for work or materisl+ on any caxal, sha'l be mals with the person who shall offer to do or provide the sms at ‘he lowest pric’, with adequate security for their per- formance, We presume that very few persons will attempt to understand all the provisions of this complicated amendment, for the drawing of which we think the Legislature should vote to the lawyer who was its author, the honor of a leather medal. However, as it is understood to authorise the Legislature to bor- row money sufficient to complete the canals, the peo- ple will probably vote for it with nearly the same unanimity as the Legislature have at its present ses- sion, where it passed with only one negative in the Se- nate, and the same in the Assembly. A plain man of common sense would, we thiak, have drawn the pro- posed amendment in nearly the following terms, which would have answered every purpose desired by those who wish the canals completed:— Article 7 of the constitution is hereby amended so as to suthorise tne Legislatare to borrow such sama as may be recesrary to complete the canals of this State, notex ceeding ten millions of dollars; for the payment of wich lcane, and interest thereon, the canal revenues shall be pledged and appropriated. The long and tedious amendment above quoted, however, having twice passed the Legislature, at two successive sessions, agreeably to the provisions of the constitution, is now to be submitted to the people, according to article 13 of the constitution, a8 follows: — Any amendment or amendments to this constitatt may be proposed to the Senate and Asxembly ; and if th) sawe shal) te agreed to by a majority of the members elected to each of the two houses, much prop wed amendment or amendments rhall be entered on their jourrals, with the yeas and nays taken thereon, an‘ re- Terred to the Legislature to he chosen at the next general election of Senators, avd shall~be published for three months previous to the time ¢f mskiog rush choice ; aod if inthe I/gulatore no nextfchosen es aforesaid. auch apg awencment or amendments Fhall be agreed to bine jority of all the members elacted toeacu house, t suc! we no 1a hor he ov nals it shall be the duty of the Leg:rlatare to sudmit 1b prepesed amendment or amex dmente to th in sncemenete cna at such ime 0s the Legislatar ; an al ry ve an Foch enscatuwent cr aloodameata, by'd mn) rity cf tho electors qualised to vote for rembsrs of the Lagislatrrs voting thereon, such amenémen: or amerd.neavs shal) become part of the constitution. A law will doubtless be passed for the submission of the proposed amendment to the people, on some day in this or next month; and if approved by the people, the present Legislature will pass law authorizing the loans required. City Politics. ‘Tas Dewocrano Rercntican Garena Commrrras, for the year 1854, met last night at Stuyvesant Institute, for the purpose of organization. Mr. Jeremiah Towle was elected temporary chairman, and Mesars. Gallagher and Boice vemporary secretaries. The evening was taken up in Giscussing the credentials of members of the committee, At about 10 o’clock a vote was taken for a permanent had the largest num! of votes, rt jority. Besides ‘allens Emanuel B. Hart, Menace. tab Daly, Smitb, Haskins, and others, were voted for. A‘ the com- mencement of the balloting, Mr Hert stated that he was eet a candidate for chairman, and did not wish hisname to be voted for that cffice by his friends. Afwer the above ballot, it was moved and carried that the Comait: tee a¢journ till Thursday evening next, at 7% e’elock. ‘Tax Guwerat Commorrss, for the year 1854, of the Tam- many Hall democrats met last night ia the Coal Hole, for the purpose of effec'ing an organization. The evening was used up in discussing disputes in regard to the First snd Third wards, which resulted in ordering a new elec- tion in thore wards for delegates to the General Commit- tee; such election to be held on Tuesday evening — between the boura of & and 7 o'clock. Fernando W: was chosen tempc chairman of the Committee last night No election permanent officers took place. ‘The went off quietly and amicably, and the meet ing adjourned to meet at the same place next We evening, at 7% 0’olosk. beautiful and eloquent vindication of and artists. The audience was quite large and notwith#tanding the bad weather, a copsiderable number of Jac ies were present. ‘The num ber of eubsoribers was 928, and there were fifty i to be distributed. The prizes were awarded as follows :— “19. Civita Castellara. near Rome, by Rassell Smith—T. 7 so eaniets Merete “are Wyoming Valley, by Willis: 22. ia ing Ve ma 7, Richards—H. @. Ranson, ; Coma.” |? 24, Memory, by P. F. Rothermel—George W. Dewey, Boston. 43, Winter Scene, by G. Grunewali—W. 8, Mason, 45. Stil Life, Thomas Hill—John Fulton, Waterford, N. aaa 60. Snow Scene, by F. D. B Richsrds—James. F. Hirst, — Miss. remainder of the prises were drawn by individuals im Philadelphia and vieunity. Desravcsive Fire in Lovrsvitiz—aAbout 3 YER XBW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘The United Staten mail steamship Pacifie, Captain Nye, ‘will leave this port at noon to-morrow, for Liverpool. Bubseriptions and advertisements for any editien ef the New Yous Humitp will be reesived at the following places in Eurepe— Lsvenroot—Joha Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. Loxpos—Eéwards, Sandford & Oo., Ne. 17 Cornhill. ‘Wm. Thomas & Ce., No, 19 Catherine street, Parm—Livingston, Wells & Os., 8 Pines de la Bourts. B. H. Revoll, No, 17 Rue de Je Banque, to-morrow morning, ‘The Waaxry Hamat will be published at haif-past aise o’elock to-morrow merning, Single copied, in wrappers, sixpenes. od Fn _____ THE ERIE WAR. The Causes and Consequences of the Diffi- culty, by a Citizen of Erie. DESCENT ON THE RIOTERS AT HARBOR CREEE. THEIR EXAMINATION AT PITTSBURG, SENTENCE OF ONE OF THE RIOTERS. &., &., &~ We have reoeived the foliowiug from « citisen of Exige with a request to publish it. We have not second letter from our correspondent R. Will he favor us with a daily letter? Here is the citizen’s statement, ae it mppeared in the Boston Herald: — THE RAILROAD EXCITEMENT AT ERIE~—ITS CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES. For more than a year past it hes been known te oux- readers that trouble exisiwd between the citizwos of Erie, Petnsy) ‘and the railroad corporations whieh have- laid tracks ‘through their precincts; and recently half our telegraphic reports nave consisted of notices ef out~ Dreabs ip that city, which have resulted in the destruc- tion of rails and other property belonging to these eor- pera'i'ns. Still, the ostensible canses Gisturbances have not been considered by the public as. adequate to produce the effects which have resulted; ard tberefure, for the information of our readers and- fhe astern prone enerslly, ve hare taken psins to cun- sult the ableat authorities of the respective contending: Los rie aud wilendeavor to ‘hrow some light upon the subject. And Gret, we must refer to bistory for some antecedent. data whica enter into the qaestion. In 1774 the commis: sicners of the royal Governors of the States of New York 6 Peonsylvenia Sxed upon the forty-second north latitude as the northern boundary of the ot Pennsylvan'a, and thus it remained until the clore of the Revolationary war. it was suppowed that s line due west: from the pont fied upon woulc strike Lakesirie vicinity of Dupkirk, and ensure Pennsylvania = vpon the late of sixty milcs in lengta, netween the New: York and Obio lines. When, however, in 1i wasrap, it intersected the lace with! rods of the Obio line, at a point some west of the present elty of icria. Penpaylvania being desirous of having a harbor on the: lake at Presque lale enceavored to prosure # right to the a¢ joing territory from the State of New York, inte. which, from the lire ran, it seemed to have falles; bat Dpon opening negotiations it appeared that rete also claimed the territory in question The negoti- ationr resulted in an application from the State of Peon- srlvania to the genera) government, which, ia puruance: extnguithed the titles of both Mansachi Yor nd on the éd of March, 1792, oomveyed reel of land between the present bound- ‘ork and Uhio to the State ef Pennsylva- nia, for the cons! ‘tiou of about one hundred and Atty: thousand dollars. y this means, Penasylvania became posseised of the harbor vpon Like Brie called Presque: le, which, in the various reports of the topographical engineers of the United States, is designated as 2 08] @icus and five harbor, and for che improvement of ‘whisk the government bas expended large sums. Upon this harbor, Ere, a little city of about thousand inbabitacts,the scene of the’prerent de built _ It is is situated rine'y five miles cast of Cleve~ land, and ninety miles west of Buffalo, being about an in- termediate distance between the two cities. It will be- recollectea that the New York aud Erie Railroad was fin- : Buffel) and Erie, The gauge of thia road wa: six fest tm width. atter the completion of the road, those interested in it found that the harbor cf Ddnkirk was no? favorable: fors terminus of the roa’. They therefore uadertook to- ’ construct a road from Duntirk to the Pennsylvania State Une,of the same gauge with their main road,there to form. ® continuons connecting with s road of the sume oore which was © bs construc ed from the. city of Erie to ita western terminus. Ia pursuance of this arrangement, &. railroad about rineteen miiea in length, with raUe six feet apart, under the title cf ‘: Erie and Northeass Rail- the road,” was constructed Mes ject of con necting Dunbirk with the the State abandoned, and the incomplete work tracsfurred'ts the. Boflalo anc State Line Railroad Company, which Mast. pared compeny in order,»s they say, to favor neither ther New York Central road, which has a gange of four eight and s half inches; n the New York ani Erie ~ with s gauge of six feet ; Jaid their track from Buffalo ta. the Penmyirania State line with a gauge of four feet ten. imcher nd now it is charged by the citizens of Erie that they have mi two nant one Boff.lo and one at unkirk, whereas, bad a geve ‘been made to the Siate line, there would ‘eo a continucus connection, via New York Railroad between the cities of New York and Bh or ae the pavge been four feet e'ght ands half inches Baffslo wilt gn (note: would have been an yaoge over the New York Centre] road, between Erie and. the irotropalis of the Ewpirs State. Kitoer ur both of ‘th: m could bave been done in accordance with the laws of Pennryivania which existed at the tuene reepective roads. Tne citizens ef Erie objected break of gauge between trem and the Atlantic either at Buffslo or Dorkirk. The Baffalonians com tended that there should be no break of gauge between their city and Uleveland, and demanded that the six feet. track from the Stste live to He Ia Ohio g: which wan acopted vy the Franklin Canal Omppaay Rutroed, from Ene weet to the Ohio through track of the ssme gauge from Clevels: a ane those who wished to proceed to New York I a i of the contract above menti correspond with their western, and the line, the with the Cleveland, Patnesville and Ashtabula Should this be achieved it weuld make a oon! od g char ge to a six feet gauge, or eastward to where New York passergers change to a gauge four feet eight © half inches, thus making » break in Tet Btn ta ty ‘ae ci'isens t ever advocated a break of gauge in their city for the ot lancheon tribute oa parrengers, as some of the press tended; and that when the tracks of the rie and Northeast and Franklin Cans! Ratlroad Com; exme z i BEE Eg zeit tii lake. Instead of this, however these roads the wishes of the citizens, constructed through of Exie, parallel with, and ove and @ quarter the harbor, obnnecting in the cenire and i every longitudinal street in the city, thus country trade by traver and proximity é $ i i : sing thelr commerce for want of & "Uenytog tat the respestive companica 1B) a res; ive ever right 10 run thely road ttroar thetr elty on their track, eitber fom authority in thelr miscion from themselves, 1 if versy has been waxing warmer and at month, when the jortheast road, in conjunction with the Bu tempted to substitote a faage of four feet te that of six feet. At thie the ‘A few deys before thes cati Dills were filed to the United Staten peg ‘Court of the Western District of iting waste upon the Eric and Northeast: road until the causes shall be faally adjudicated. Anotber objection which theeitisens of Erie gent chs on ae J ha Sunbury, and is \r toward Erie The diatazes between the two Inet Peak is capected thas the ey of Piiioasiness rf ox rubserite two m/llioas of dollars, for t1e Erie and Supbury road, which’ would route from Be ee ee oe i : ie i i ik iE a bit i \ Wy