The New York Herald Newspaper, October 25, 1853, Page 4

* ser copy. ar 88 yer anw rE NEW YORK HERALD. 4. MEP CORDON 'S ENN EYE), _ PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, FR w. Ww. 0 OP PULTOW o*B NASSAU SrS. gran: e ¥ z z ene per 6s: I per ane ww PWR WEEKLY HEALD eccry Batsrday ai ty. samt , ', to wo adm, ne 35 sart of af Grea rin, aid 35 to amy part 2 LETTERS oy mot! for Subreriptions, or with sdeer Meoments. to be wil pai or Whe wort ers rematted YTARY SORRBSPOND. will be dedusted fren CR. containing smpor the world. Lah NO NOTE cohen af anonymous communications Wade eet return those rejecter AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Tux Baack Docroa— Reaxa Mes vows. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Lapy ov Lyons —Suocxine Eve rs RIBLO’S, Broadway—ER> asi. BURTON’S THEATRE, Chambers “street—Daricars @mounv—Youne Acrnese—Panis axp Lonpon, NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Escum Tox’s Das. WALLACK’S THEATERS, Broadway—Tue Janxinsee— Busak dovss. AMERICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Sratm Sxcners— Mevss bos. Ev ‘Lavy or Lyons. MADISON AVENUE—Afternoon and Evening—Fran- eurm’s CoLossat Hirroprome. GHRISTY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway Ernorian Mevovirs Cuagiary’s Orena Trove. WOOD'S MINSTRPLS, Wood's Musiealgiall, Mid Brow’- qway—Bruroriax Muxstaxiey. BUCK EY’S OPERA I! Brmorian Orena Taov BANVARD’S GEORAMA, 506 Broadway—Panonama or wus Hory Lawv. HOPE CHAPEL, 713 Broadway—FRankenster’'s Pawo ama or Niacana. ACADEMY HALL, 663 Broadway—Suxerive Man. BHENISH GALLERY, 6(3 Broadway—Day and Evening BIGNOR BLITZ—Sru CHINESE ROOMS, 539 Frosdway—Pernan’s Grrr Exxr wemon or THE SxveN Mite Minnon. 539 Broadway—Buewier’s xy INSTITUTE. LL" AT NATIONAL PAINTING Fon THE na eare aoe open AT THE ART UNION GALLERY, RMS ‘Broapway. i Hew York, Tucsday, October 25, 1853. Malls for Europe. ‘THE NEW YORK WEEKLY MERALD. The royal mail steamship Canada, Capt. Stone, will feave Boston cn Wednesday, at 12 o'clock, for Liverpool, Babscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Maw Yorn Hxnain will be received at the following plnoce te Bumpe — Lrvmroor—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. Loupox—Kéwards, Sandford & Co., Cornhill, “Wm. Thomas & Co., No, 19 Catherine street. Fams—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de Is Bourse. “ BH, Revoil, No. 17 Rue de Is Banque Me European mails will close in this city at three g’elock this afternoon. ‘The Waexiy Hrnaty will be published at half-past nize . @’eleck this morning, Single copies, in wrappers, #ix- pence. The News. Our degpatches from Washington this morning will be read with interest. The Spoils Cabinet assume a degree of confidence which will hardly gacceed in blinding the eyes of the people. It is said there will be vo administration candidate for the Speakership presented at the opening of the next session of Congress. But in politics, as in war, it is the pretext, not the cause, which is allowed to appear. Thomas Ritchie, senior, it is affirmed, has declare@ himself opposed to the course pursued by the Richmond Enquirer in the pending struggle be- tween the factions. A reply to the letter of Mc O’Conor, of this city, is expected. The serious il! ness of Major Hobbie, First Assistant Postmaster General, will be learned with regret. Spence Car roll, the new Minister to Turkey, will shortly leave Norfolk in the steamship Saranac, direct for Con stantinople. Some doubt exists as to the credibility of the report that John L. O'Sullivan had been appointed Charge to Portugal. A full account of the shiowreck of the Liverpoo and New York packet ship Western World, by our special reporter, whom we despatched to the scene of the disaster, will be found in another column. The ship went ashore at Squan Beach—that crave of many a noble vessel, end dread of all mariners--at half- past four o'clock on Saturcay morning; and it will, no doubt, be interesting to those concerned, to learn how, im the bright light of the fu!l harvest moon, and with afair wind, such a calamity could have happened ‘The passengers, numbering six hundred, were land- ed in safety by means of the government lifeboats, and afterwards brought up to the city. The Western World was built four years since, is sixteen hundred tons burthen, and is one of D. & A. Kingsland & Cos packets, whose loss is probably wholly covered by insurance. Her cargo consisted of hardware, cloths, silks, and other merchandise, and will of course, be greatly damaged. If the ship survived the gale of yesterday, it will be a miracle. A sub-committee of the national democrats of this city met at their rooms in the Stayvesaut Institute last evening, for the purpose of making further ar- rangements for their ratification meeting. Owing to the severity of the weather there were only a few members present, by whom our reporter was in- | formed that the proceedings would be confined to mere business detail, and devoid of political interest We publish this morning interesting intelligence from the Japan Expedition, taken from a despatch received at the Navy Department from Commodore Perry, giving a description of the Bonin Islands, their mineral, yegetab!e, and animal productions, &c. The Board of Aldermen met last evening, but transacted little besides the usual routine business, A petition of the lessee of the Cortlandt street ferry slip for a renewal of lease was presented ; where- upon Alderman Sturtevant affixed a resolution direct ing the Comptroller to lease suid slip at public auc- tion to the highest bidder who will give adequate security therefor, for a period of ten years from the expiration of the existing lease—rent to be paid in advance—which was referred to the appropriate com mittee. A petit'on from omnibus proprietors to have the streets lighted every night, was presented. The ordinance to restrict the driving of cattle through the streets during certain hours being under considera tion, a characteristic debate sprang up, of which our special reporter ha yen a graphic sketch. The subject was finally laid on the table. The Board of Assistant Aldermen met ‘ast eve- ning, and transacted a large amonnt of basiness The attention of the Commissioner of Streets was directed to resolutions which were signed by the late Mayor, in the month of November, 1952, by which the Hudson River Railroad Company was re- quired to take up the present rails, from Chambers street along the entire route of the road to Thirty first street, and put dows grooved rails, similar to those of the Harlem Company in Park row. If the company did no! execute the work within eight months from the above time, the Street Commis sioner was ordered to do it; and he has now been directed to report what progress he has made with the work. A variety of other Common Counci matter will be found detailed in the official report @ The Beard adjourned till Thursday evening. ‘The Board of Supervisors met yesterday afternoon, but adjourned without doing any business. The season of lectures having fairly set in, as is our custom, we give reports of those which are saf. ficiently interesting and instractive to warrant publication. In another part of to-day’s paper will be found the first of a course on “The history of Creation, as tanght by modern science, compared with the Moeaic account,” by R. Ogden Doremus, Pro- fessor of Chemistry in the New York Medical Col- jege; and a lectuwe by Park Benjamin, on“ American- ‘‘sms,” before the Columbia Literary Club. Thoma @Arey MeGee alvo, delivered a lecture which was well a‘tende’', st the Tabernacle, «mn the claims of catholicity ‘0 the early discovery of Ameries; the | object beiuy to prove that the aim of Colnu bus was that of a miasionaiy of the Chorch as well as of a dis- | ‘coverer. } The T. F. Meazher Club held a meeting last night, and agreed to prsent # congratulatory address and a puree containins a sum of money, to Johu Mitehel, the Irish patriot, qnybis arrival in this city. | Our telesraphic r¢ws this mcruing is very brief, | owing to the severe [sterm that has pygeiiea for the past twenty fcur hours, materially in! pting the operations of the wires. In the stock market yesterday there was more | animation, and the leading fancies advanced. Flour and wheat were a trifle cheaper; cotton steady; pork varied littie, and in freights engagements were mode- rate. The large and splendid hotel at Fort Hamilton, kept by H. D. Clapp, and owned by Mr. George 8. | Gelston, was totally destroyed by fire on Sunday night, and about fif'y thousand dollars worth of property cousumed, A full account will be found in another column. An interesting feature in this casu- alty was the saving of the lives of two persons by & dog. On our inside pages will be found letters from oar correspondents at Washington, Albany, and Goshen; the continuation of the trial of the owners and officers of the steamboat Henry Clay; the proceedings of the Triennial Protestant Episcopal Convention, Po- lice, Theatrical and Musical, and Financialand Com- mereial Intelligence, &c., &e. The Restoration of the Bourbons—The Van Buren Dynasty Revived. We have before us, at length, in the removal of Greene C. Bronson from the Collectorship of New York, the Jast.act in the coup d’etat of the Cabinet. by which the Van Burens are restored to power. Gov. Marcy can now exclaim with | Louis IV.: “The State—I am the State!” The culminating point of the free soilers has been reacked. Faction has triumphed over the spirit of union, which, rising abeve party in the contest of 1852, elevated Gen. Pierce to the Pre- sideney. That verdict has been set aside, and | the question is again presented to the American people: Shall the Van Burens administer your go- vernment ? Are you called upon to suppress your own | convictions of duty. and abandon the true in- | terests of the country, to uphold a set of men in whom you have no confidence, and whose | past career, in and out of office, proves them to be traitors to your constitution. and the most | dangerous enemies of your Union? Will you | stultify yourselves by ignoring your recently pronounced decision against those disturbers ot the public tranquillity. and Come up to the support of a Cabinet whe are using, we will not say how shamelessly, the patronage oj your go- vernment to foist upon you men whom you con- demned in 1840, 1844, and 1848, and whose conduct since has only proved the depth of their treachery and the justice of your decision against them? Are you bound to receive those men into favor now, and make them your trus- tees, with evidence fresh upon you that in every instance where you have confided in them they have sacrificed your highest interests, turned traitors to your counsels, vio- lated your confidence, and betrayed your cause? | Either you or they must have chasged. Has | the constitution lost any of its value since the inauguration of PresideAt Pierce? Is it less important now than in 1850—in the midst of the compromise struggle; than in 1842, when party lines were obliterated in the triumphant move- ment of the people to sustain the Union and to put down its enemies, that the public adminis- tration should be conducted by men of unques- tioned patriotism? Was the election of Pre- sident Pierce a token of approval of the abo- litionists and free soilers? Did it signalize the return to power of the Van Burens, and the prostitution of the public patronage to strike down and immolate men who had never fal- | tered—whose faith had never been questioned? | Is it any better that the public enemy of 1848 | and 1852 is alleged to have repented of his | treason, and now stands side by side with those | whom he betrayed? Can we believe in the sin- | cerity of euch repentance, and the honesty of his present faith, when his conversion was fol- lowed by rewards bestowed upon him in obe- dience to his own insolent demands. and which were actually made a condition precedent to the abandonment of his former heresies. and his | support of the cause he had just betrayed? Have we found in the history of “revivals” any such example of an honest surrender of opin- ions and the instantaneous reception of doc- trines against which the delinquent had strag- gled for years, and to maintain which he had | abandoned ancient associations, broken long standing party ties. and arrayed himself at once among the most bitter and relentless enemies of the c use to which he was converted? Is | i the free soiler of 1848 differently situated? we find anything in the hist« to exempt him from popular odium? in his present acts to wariant th our minds that he is more when he gloried in acts of open tr the constitution, and wid proclaimed his hostility to those men from whom he is receiving daily tokens of approval and favor ? Has he. since the hour of his defection at Buffa- lo, ceased to malign the national democracy and to be-little the Union spirit of the country? Is there a man in the State of New York who believes that the actual opinions of one promi- nent free soiler (saving. perhaps, Mr. Dix, who Do | sbellion | si son against never gave his heart to the work) of 1848 have been changed, and that he now honestly and in good faith sustains the national sentiment of the country in opposition to his former opin- ions? If he was honest then, as a free soiler, we hold it to be certain that he is dishonest now. Ifhe was dishonest then. who will say that he is trustworthy now? If John Van Buren proclaimed the convictions of his mind, nd sincerely sustained the Buffalo platform settled upon the brow of the political free- soiler of 1848 to be recalled? Is the judg- ment “of the country, pronounced in 1852, to be reversed? Is the Old Guard of the demo- cracy—the herces of a hundred battles—to be disbanded and disgraced, their eagles torn from their scar’d breasts, their “bruised arms hung | up for many monuments,” by the Bourbon Prince, whose life is the incarnation of treach- ery, whose laurels have all been won in com- bats against his country? What has Mr. Dickinson done to win the en- mity of the “national democracy” at Wash- ington? Did he falter in the hour of peril? Did he preter the cause of men to that of his coun- try? Did he counsel treason when traitors were many and patriots few? When the Van Burens were struggling with Charles F. Adams, William Lloyd Garrison, and Fred. Douglass, to overthrow the constitution, did Mr. Dickin- son waver, and then abandon his post? Does he not, at all events, come within the amnesty? What is the offence of Mr. Bronson and Mr. O’Conor? Have they proved recreant to na- tionalism, which the Cabinet endorses at every breath? Is their democracy questionable, that they may not stand on the platform with John Van Buren, John Cochrane, and Isaac V. Fowler? Is there no amnesty for friends? Are they alone to be punished? Are pardons con- fined to enemies, by the new dynasty? Are they the safest advisers—the only true counsel- lors? Is it wise to thrust away from the a ministration those who “need no repentance, and to receive all the prodigals and political vagrants of the country—those alone who have wandered away from the household of demo- cracy, betrayed, slandered and traduced its virtuous inmates, and stolen and disposed of its jewels? Is this the law of the new régime? Is it so sure of its perpetuation that it may com- mence the work of tyranny by cutting off the beads of our best and our truest patriots, and by fulminating edicts of excommunication against those whom its spoils cannot buy’ or its power reach? What is the compensation for all this? Is it | found in the brilliant measures, the successful policy, the patriotic, manly course of Gov. Marcy and his associates? Is it warranted by the re-organization of the diplomatic corps, by which, with one or two exceptions, our lega- tions have been filled by men without the slightest qualifications for the posts assigned them? Is it found in the adoption of a system by which diplomatists are ground out like machine poetry ?—by which a man is sent to France who cannot speak a word of French, and who probably knows just as much of Euro- pean diplomacy as European diplomacy knows of him ?—by which a good old man of seventy, who never was out of the States, is sent to Ber- lin, and who speaks the German as weil as many ignorant Germans speak English?’ Is it found in the appointment of Mr. Belmont, at rates not fully fixed, and ff so, not made pub- lic? Is it in Robert Dale Owen’s qualifications and standing?—in John L. O’Sullivan’s ap- pointment? Is it found in the fact that not over 4wo of the diplomatic appointments made by the Cabinet can speak the language of the country to which they are to be accredited, and in their notorious and acknowledged want of capacity and experience to conduct our af- fairs abroad, and in the absolute impossibility of organizing, through their agency, anything like a diplomatic system? Is it found in the equally incapable consular corps? If not in the foreign department, do we find the compensation for the positive errors of the Cabinet in the harmonious action of our domes- tic concerns? Is it in New York, the home of the premier, where confusion is confounded— where good men have been abandoned and traitors raised to credit—where triumph has been turned into defeat—where rejoicings have been followed by mourning, strength by weak- nees, vigor by decay and death? Pray where are to be found the advantages in sustaining the present Van Buren dynasty, that hook and lad- der company of modern politics, that pulls down, but never builds up? Teapot Tyrants—Mn. Hiram Kercuvm ann tue Heratp.—There are some men whom no- thing will satisfy. They grow up in the belief that no one can have feelings, hopes, desires, aime, or occupations that can in any way be suffered to interfere with theirs—arrange the world’s business so as to square with their con- venience, and rail loudly at any one who pre- sumes to consider his interest in opposition to their own. They have rights, privileges, pre- rogatives—other people have only duties and obligations. They obey no other dictates than their own inclination; and that same inclination in their opinion, the best guide for other peo- ple also. If you were to call them selfish. ego- tistical, conceited and mean, they would think | themselves very hardly used; but they will freely apply these and harsher terms to you, if you attempt, ever so gently, to resist their ty- rannical propensities. A fair type, we faucy, of the class we have been describing, is Mr. Hiram Ketchum, of this city. Ofhis personal character, ail that we know is comprised in the simple statement that he isa maker of speeches. Itis his habit —his failing, if you will. He must speak. He does. We should be at a loss to specify the particular branches of science or study on whieh he loves best to dis- course. We rather think be is impartial, and distributes his flowers of eloquence evenly among them all. Politics, ethics, law, morals, literature, science, and, in short, almost everything that can be talked about, are a few of his favorite topics. Nor could we point out where he can be heard. He is, we ancy, above trifles, and speaks anywhere that a room and an aydienee can be found. He fills every gap in stray speechmakings through- out the city. Find out where popular oratory 1d it to be simply absurd to contend that + now in his opposition to that plat- n support of the administration. Re- pentance never appeared in sucha form. He‘ hes his hands of iniquity. and deter- upon a life of reformation, takes on the garb of meckners and submission, and qualifies his conduct by acareful regard to the rights ons of those by whom he is sur- rounded. The honest man, convicted of his sins does not bow down before the altar in the morning to ask forgiveness, and in the after- noon set on foot intrigue to remove his brothers from the temple, and perhaps to un- dermine the character and standing of his own confessor. o The question recurs, what is tobe the judg- ment of the people upon the new order? Are they ready to trust a dynasty that is known in the past for its treachery to all the great inter- ests of the country—in the present for its Je- suitical professions of attachment to a cause it is hired to defend, and, at any moment, can be bribed to sacrifice? Is that deep curse whic, and opi an may be expected, and there you shall hear Hiram Ketchum. “ When?” did any one ask? Why, always—every day, every week. at all times. Now. tho@p in our public capacity we are bound to regard such members of society as decided nuisances, in real truth, as we never went to hear Mr. Ketchum, we confess that w@ forgot our duty to the public so far as to lose sight of his existence altogether. That interesting fact was recalled to our notice the other day, by Mr. Ketchum himself, who, as the witnesses of the onslaught he made upon us can testify, threatened to indict us for libel be- cause we had not and would not publish one of his two-column speeches. We declined, be- cause it did seem to us that we. and not Mr Ketchum, were the proper judges of what should fill our paper ; and because, being con- vinced, on a careful perusal of the document that the speech in question was rather stupid than otherwise, we felt that, however deep our regard for Mr. Ketchum’s feclings might be, we should not be justified in boring fifty-tw thonsand honest souls next morning to spare them. We therefore declined, with Mr. Hiram Ketchum’s awful libel suit hanging over our head. Had we thought that he would plead his own case, and that we should have been ex- pected to be present, our decision might possibly have been different. As it was, we resolved to run all risks, and we now lay our case openly before the public, and ask if it be not hard to be first bored, then bullied, and finally threatened by Mr. Hiram Ketchum, as we have been. We are always ready to be victimized to a moderate extent. There are hosts of people in this city who go about speechmaking and lecturing, #id who “drop”. inta our office with a column or so of solid nonpareil, just as we are going to press at night, and feel wofully injured if we decline'to receive their contribution; in five cases out of six, we submit, excluding valua- ble matter from our paper, and advertising Mr. A. or Mr. B. who fancies he has swindled us, There is a gentleman named Dana, for instance, who is, we believe, the editor or one of the editors of the Times, and is constantly replying to toasts to “the Prees.” Now, really, Mr. Dana never says anything that he could bear to read himself next day in print; and yet we are ex- pected to serve all this up, or else, beware of Hiram Ketchum and his libel suits! Then again, New York contains another orator—a Mr. Raymond, one of the attachés of the Tribune, we are told—who likewise makes speeches and delivers lectures, and has already taxed our space to a very severe extent. He. too, we doubt not, would like very much to sue us when we don’t give a flowing report of a some- what stagnant speech of his. So, likewise, a number of other mea of letters and men of words—all of whom seem impressed with the notion that they have a clear constitutional right. first. to make use of our space, whether we like itor no; secondly, to abuse us for de- clining to grant it at once; and thirdly, to threaten us with libel suits for our imperti- nence. Hiram Ketchum is no solitary case; we do wish he would bring on that libel suit, so that the world might be apprised of our sorrows. | Revision of the Tarlff--The Silk Duties. There are provisions in the tariff which ‘ho school of political economists can defend, Such are the sil duties. A fair proportion of the thousands into whose dress silk enters in some shape or other, are.perhaps aware that they pay for the luxury twenty-five or thirty per cent more than they would do it the United States government did not require to be supported; but there are few who know that raw silk pays fifteen per cent to that government, though we produce none; and stranger still, that three de- scriptions of the manufactured article—thrown: tram and organzine—are admitted on the same terms as raw silk. The first of these two anom_ alies is easily explained. _ For very nearly a century, . delusion pre- vailed on the subject of silk growing in the United States. Scientific men wrote reports to show that we ought not only to produce silk for our own use, but to export to England; learned societies printed elaborate disquisitions on the subject; Congress and the State governments of- fered bounties for the production of cocoons, and in some places, as at Richmond, it was made penal not to have silkworms. Thusstimulated, farmers from Massachusetts to Savannah plant- ed mulberry trees. and fancied they were all going to make colossal fortunes. Yale College took the worm under its special protection; and Franklin planted a row of mulberry trees. Strange to say, however, in spite of the scienti- fic men and the learned bodies, old Yale. bounties, penalties and all, the produc tion of .silk did not thrive. Georgia, Vir- ginia, Pennsylvania and other States abaudon- ed the attempt after the war ; and though Con- necticut and Massachusetts persevered, the cul- ture was on a very diminished scale, and owed its existence to the bounties alone. The fact was, | it did not pay. The frost nipped the trees, and | the worms were lazy. From these and other causes, silk-growing was dying a natural | death, when a singular incident revived it. | About 1830, a new species of mulberry tree | —the “Morus Multicaulis”—was introduced | into the United States, and was hailed as the | long sought desideratum for silk culture. As | often happens, Wall street got hold of the invention, and mulberry trees became a fancy stock. Every body owned or wished to own them. They were to enrich the whole coun- try, it was said. The ftver—which lasted a very short while—gave the death-blow to our silk-growing. ‘I'he Moras Multicaulis did not succeed ‘any better than the other spe- cies of mulberry trees; and the stocks fell to nothing. People began to sce, at last, that silk growing had better be abandoned to countries where the mulberry was indigenous, and where less wheat was grown. Connecticut and Maswa- chusetts persevered for a while, but without better suecess. The whole produce of the Unit- ed States in 1840, was only 61,552 Ibs. cocoons, about equal to 4,500 Ibs. silk; and that of Mas rachusetts, during the five years, 1836-40, was only 757 Ibs., on which the State bounty paid the producers was $1,878. At the present day a little sewing silk is still made at Mansfield, | Conn.; Wut the whole annual yield of all the worms in the country would-not keep a large actory going for a day The duty at present levied onraw silk was im- posed during the existence of the delusion above sketched, as a measure of protection to home producers. It was twelve and a half per cent n 1832; raised to twenty per cent during the Morus Multicaulis excitement the year follow- ing, and cut down in 1842 to fifteen per cent. ts present rate, as the production had even then already ceased. So long as there wasa chance of silk in any considerable quantity be- ing produced here, one set of economists, at all events, would approve the present or evena higher rate of duty. But now that it has been demonstrated beyond controversy, that not even with the stimuli of a protective tariff, home bounties, liberal encouragement from Congress, and the most careful supervision by scientific bodies, can the growing of silk become one of our national staples, there is surely no one that will object to the removal of this effete, onerous and unproductive duty, Nominally it is, as we said, a tax of fifteen per cént on the manufacturing of silk in this country. But practically, the duty is much higher than this. Raw silk is mixed witha gummy substance, amounting to from ten to fifteen per cent of its weight. This must be separated from the silk before it can be used for manufacturing ; but the duty is paid on itas well as on the silk. Again: the drugs and other substances used for dyeing, and entering into the manufacture of silk, pay on an average twenty per cent. Adding these expras to the original duty, it will be found in practice to range much nearer twenty per cont than Mfteca ; while, as we shall show presently, three kindy | of manufactured silks only pay fifteen, and the others from twenty-five to thirty per cent. To place this matter in its clearest light, let us say that in round numbers we import annual- Jy from foreign countries $25,000,000 of man- ufactured silks. Those on which duty was paid in 1851, were valued in round numbers at $25,750,000: and the total amount thrown on the market in 1852, was as follows: Manuf. silks entered for copsumption..... $21,235,827 «withdrawn from warehouse 1,924,516 $23,160,643 The imports this year will exceed this amount considerably. Taking twenty-five millions as an average, we find that about one-eighth of this paid thirty per cent., and the balance— seven-eighths—twenty-five per cent to the na- tional treasury, In other words: - Paid by the Pst le on say three and a half millions of ewbroideredsewing and twist = silk, thirty per cent............-+00++.64 $1,050,000 Paid by people on twenty-one and a half millions of other manufactures of silk, twenty-five per cent...........+++ 5,375,000 DOM... vcscecnccrecccsesecncoessvens $6,425,000 Thus, our silk dresses, handkerchiefs, cravats, waistcoats, &c. &c., contribute the pretty sum of nearly six and a half millions to govern- ment every year. We are taxed. and the trea- sury overloaded to that amount, because we are not permitted to import raw silk and manutac- ture it oureelves. Suppose the 15 per cent duty on raw silk were removed. There are at present several millions invested in silk factories in this coun- try. Itis fair to suppose that they are not worked at any very considerable loss. though they do pay 20 per cent for their raw mate- rial, or they would cease to work altogether, If. then, they can exist under a prohibitive duty of 20 per cent, it is obvious that they would thrive to an unexampled extent were that duty removed. There is. in fact, no reason why—were this change effected—-our imports of raw silk should not swell from half a million to fifteen millions a year, and those of manu- factured silks fall from twenty-five to four or five millions. The practical consequences of such a change wotld be that we—the people— could buy silks at least 15 per cent cheaper, and that a new.and profitable branch of indus- try, requiring thousands of hands, and giving employment to the highest skilled labor, would be set on foot in the country. To us these facts seem so plain and concla- sive that,we cannot doubt but that Congress will at once, on touching the question of the tariff, see the necessity of removing the duty on raw silk. In connection with this reform, it will likewise naturally occur to those who have the matter in hand, to correct the second anomaly we have noticed, viz. :—the classifica- tion ef three kinds of manufactured silks in the same line with raw silks. Whatever can have been the motive of this capricious arrangement, it is quite obvious to the meanest capacity, that, if we intend to protect manufactures at all, we must not protect one and abandon another species of the same article. Tram, organzine, and thrown silks—all of which have undergone a very important and delicate portion of the manufacturing process—are now admitted at a duty of 15 per cent, like the raw article, thus affording a premium to foreign manufacturers to send us the goods in the shape of thrown in- stead of raw silk. No reason can be urged in favor of this system. After the most careful in- quiry into its merits, one Is coupelled’to con- clude that it must have been an oversight on the part of the framers ofthe tariff, which ought to be immediately remedied. : W. H. Sewarp as aN Orator—-His Ricma- ROLE AT THE TABERNACLE.—Starting out from this city with the fulsome laudations of the Sewerd organs, the late address of the arch- agitator at the Tabernacle, is going the rounds of the free soil whig press, accompanied with the flatulent blarney of Greeley and his echoes. Now, as we apprehend that very few of our readers have had the time or the patience to wade through this interminable rigmarole, we have undertaken, for their convenience, to make up a table of its contents, so that they may the better form a judgment of its real merits, as the production of a great public speaker. Here are the strong points of this mass of verbiage before the American Institute:— 1. An exordium in honor of the exhibition of the Institute, and a congratulation of the society upon | the general results of the institution, which, of course, was expected, including a eulogium upon DeWitt Clinton and General James Tallmadge. 2. A remark of Dr. Jobngon, that the first man who balanced a straw upon his nose, and the first man who rode three horses at a time, &c., deserved the applause of mankind, which the orator harps upon as a true exposition of philosophy. 3. He endeavors to show that this is a great coun- tvy, and enters upon some philosophical remarks concerning the empire of Charlemagne, of Alfred the Great, of Great Britain, France, and Russia, in which, while it appears that Russia excels us ia territorial greatness, four-fifths of her people are slaves. But, he says, that if these people could | shortly rire to a state of comparative social eleva- tion, it would lead to ecditions and a dismemberment of the empire. Yet he advocates the suppression of Southern slavery. Mark that. 4, He argues that all importations of manufac- tures from foreign countries should be dispensed with, that we have everything, and should supply or make everything among oureelyes. 5. Shows what we owe to Franklin and Sherman, and the men who captured Major Andre. 6. Declares virtue to be the vital principle of the republic, but that virtue without courage is good for nothivg—that we must go ahead in the cause of freedom, without being afraid of consequenees. 7. Shows what Peter the Great and other free- born mechanics have done; and that because of such fruits of freedom, he has set his face against slavery. 8. Expresses his fears that we are going ahead too fast~ somethiag of an old fogy. 9. The press is not independent, nor the people, os he attempts to prove—too much intolerance in the country. Seward is ahead of us all. 10. Says that the Lowell factory girls, while werk ing on domestic ‘muslins all the week, wear their European bereges and de laines on Sunday, the moral of which is our partiality for foreign articles, 11. Declares that we import English calicoes too largely, that we exclude the silkworm, and give n> protection to our own factories; and that, in fact, we are less independent than the Mnglisiman, the Frenchman, or even the Siberian. 12. Harps upon the theme in extenso, 18. Shows that our public opinion is governed by the monarchies and aristocracies of the Old World. 14. Goes in strong tor the higher law—for level- ling everything, equalizing everything, changing everything, and for incessant agitation. Every man (of every color, no doubt) must be free, and equal with all other men, befote we can be really an independent nation. This brings us to the end of the second co- lumn, ond there is yet » third column, in small print, of this extraordinary address remaining; but it is such @ labyrinth of verbosity and chaffy gibberish upon the fallacies of commeree, and the blessings of a prohibitory tariff, that we are coustrained to let it pasz. And such was the oration at the Ti.bernacle, which, in the ost mation of his organs, places W.H. Seward in the front rank of the great statesmen and ora- tors of modern times. The simple trath, how ° ever, is that he is a loafer—an intellectual loa- fer, gathering from books and lectures, an. windy theorizers, the materials of his speech: :, which, when called upon, he dishes up togeth2: as he may happen to recollect them. His wi- dresses are but crude and incongruous compl .~ tions of other men’s ideas of the echools of phi- losophy, transcendentalism, abolitionism, soeial- iem, and nonsense. The address in ‘question is an exhausting omnium gatherum of all such trash. The spirit of abolition and the higher law isexhibited distinetly so ig bis plan of encouraging home manufactures by extortionate bounties, to be exacted from the mass of the people, and we have some glimmer- ings of intervention. free farms, free rents, and woman’s rights, but nothing clear. The avhole discourse is thick and muddy, heavy and flat. Ifthere was any special object in view, it is swallowed up in verbiage. The argument is but the incoherent rhapsody of a transcendental abolitionist, who sees everything through a confused and distorted medium, and whose theories of reform comprehend a sweeping revo- lution of all the existing laws and usages of government and society, It is preposterous—it is insulting to the American people, to class such a pretender among our great lights of the age, He is but a Jack-o’-\antern in a morass, as his followers, sooner or later, will discover. The New York Custom House Appoint- ments for this City. We yesterday gave the particulars of the political life of Mr. Heman J. Redfield, the new Collector of this port. He is succeeced in the lucrative office of Naval Officer, which he previously held, by Mr. John Romeyn Brodhead, an appointment which hag excited much surprise mong politicians, t» whom Mr. Brodhead is but little known, he being princi- pally known in literary circles,to whom the appoint ment is doubtless as gratifying as those of Ike Mar: yel and Hawthorne, as consuls. Mr. Brodhead is au- thor of a History of New York under the Dutch government, recently published, and has devoted himself to the study of the history of his native State. He has been remarkably fortuoate for a young man, in obtaining offices from both whig and democratic administrations. He is of an old New York family, and first came into public notice in 1839, as an applicant for the appointment of Historical Agent, ta proceed to Holland, to collect documentary papers relative to the history of New York. The late cela- brated traveller, John L. Stephens, was an appli- vant for the place, and was supported by the demo- crats of the Legislatare, but was rejected by the whigs, who passed a bill giving the power of ap- pointment to the Gevernor. Mr. Seward, then Governor, was supposed to be favorable to Mr. Stephens, but was urged to select a whig. He therefore appointed Mr. Brodhead in preference to the late William L. Stone, whe was sadly disap- pointed at the Governor's decisim. Mr. Brodhead went to Hollaud, and performed the service of col-. lecting documents in a satisfactory manner. They have been the basis of the documentary history pub- lished by the State, under the supervision of Mr. O'Callaghan, a friend of Thurlow Weed and the whig regency at Aloany- ‘The next we hear of Mr. Brodhead in a public ca pecity is his appointment by President Polk, in 1847, as Secretary of Legation to Mr. Bancroft, in his embassy to Great Britain, and since his return to this country he ha: been in private life, and has published the first volume of bis Aistory of New York, before referred to. He was, we understand, an uusuccessfal applicaut for one of the diplomatic appointments un- der the present administration. If the hard working democrats of this city should complain that the lucra- tive office of Naval officer, with its salary of five thouzand dollars, should be bestowed on a man hith- erto unknown is their ranks, they should remember that it bas heretofore been held-by gentlemen of dis- tinction ‘in both parties, and not by ordinary poll- ticians. Thus, under Van Buren, it was held by ex- Governor Throop; under Harrison and Tyler, by Thomas Lord, Esq.; under Polk, by the late Michael Hoffman, Esq.; and under Taylor and Fillmore, by the late Philip Hone, Esq. The office is considered 4 sort of sinecure, most of the duties being done by clerks; and the success of Mr. Brodhead ia obtaining it, the Evening Post says, will be gratifyiog to his friends. . For the office of Assistant Treasurer, to succeed Jobu A. D'x, we have Jobn J. Cisco, a native of this. city,@ retired merchant, about forty-five years of age, and hitherto frequently named as a democratic candidate for Mayer, and ether offices of honor in the gift of the people. He , however, never re- ceived @ nomination for any important office, for election by the people, and was an unsuccessful can- didate for the office of Collector of the port, but gave way in favor of Mr. Augustus Schell, as the : ational candidate. As Mr. Cisco takes office from the present unpopular Cabinet, we presume he is to be set down as a friend of Mr. Secretary Marcy and his free soil constituents. ManerzEx’s Orera.— Ernani”? was repeated last night, with two novelties ig the cast—-Mille, Manzini, who took Elvira fairly enough, and Signor Vietti, who mate a very poor affair of the tenor part. What we are to do fora - tenor is becoming # rather dificult question. Salvi wily not probably venture upon another season; Pozzvlini, whe took Ernani very neatly at Castle Garden, weuld not at- tempt Roberto, Poilione, or any part of that class; and Vietti’s friends do not probably claim for him a higher place than that of a doublure. Some one or other of the fine tenors who are living in luxury on fifty dollars a month in Italy might mabe # good thing by immigrating, Besides the opera, Maretuek gave us a ballet, with Pougand, Lavigne, and the other nymphs who flourished a year age at Niblo’s. We cannot say much for it, There was some graceful posturing by Pougaud and La- vigne; but as a general thing the ballet was tame. It was droll enough at first to see the former Indy tossed about like a shuttlecock, between her male assistants, but even that wore off after awhile, Our old friend McGee came on ina garment vastiy resembling a shirt tail, and wagged his lower extremities quite seriously—pirouetting at in- tervals; and at the close of each gyration looking around confusedly, as though ho did’t quite know where he was, or couldn't help it. On the whole, we don’t suppose he could. But if he will forswear his sex, why not adopt the gauze petticoats and stomacher at once? We have: an idea he would make a fair average Hebe. Maraniello is announced for Thursday, and will doubt less Craw a bumyer house. Broapway Takatne.—Last night witnessed the first ap- pearance of Mr. James Anderson, the tragedian, as Ham ¢ let. Mr. Andersen is not wholly unknown here. He played in this city some years ago; and if our memory serves us, did not leave behind him a reputation whicls endangered the hopes of Lis successors. Ho has now rev turned after a serios of seasons in Loadon, and is expect- ed (o star it through the country. ° Hamlet does not afford a fair opportunity of judging of an actor. If he be anything above absolate mediocrity, he must bave learnt enough, from seeing the masters of the tragic stage im the character, and reading the very elaborate commentaries which have been published on the play, to go through the part respectably. No personage in Shakepeare has been so carefully acted, or more elaborately explained than Hamlet; and a man of average parts requires only close observation and discri- minating study to ensure an average success in the part, When we say, therefore, that there was little in Mr. An- derson’s version fhat seemed to call for particular criti- cism, we do not intend to endorse the high-flown eulo- gies with which his appearance has been heralded. Hix: Tlamlet was good, but in the very points where its merit was most conspicuous, it had the misfortune to recall most vividly the conceptions of his predecessors. This was pro- bably inevitable. To attempt to wander from the beaten path im search of originality, would be ob- viously, in nine cases out of ten, to court failure, Mr. Anderson prudently avoided the snare. We Aid not notice a single hit or point in hin acting for the dnvention of which we should give him eredit, Some pinor matters might Le improved, His preausslatien iq