The New York Herald Newspaper, September 19, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIEDOR AND EDITOR. APvIOR N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. Bale DAS RIALS one er WEEELY i RALD every Satur ae Og once eopy nam, the. Biro} Ser ori of Great Britain “nds! 4 amy pad ~~ tivent Foth to ine postive E ‘ERS vil jor Subscrt tions or with Adver- Leena eee Oy id of the postage wilt be deducte! from Boney remited per onnnm. Vaiame XVUE AMUSEMENTS THIS EV4NING. SOWERY THTATHE. Bowery—Toe Vexiriay—Sen- omant’s Wire—Swise Corracz. BROADWAY [THEATKE. Brosdway—Davon avn Pr- waras—a ROLAND FOR AN OriveR. WIBLO’S Broadway—I Punrrans. BUSTUN’S THEATRE, Chambers street—Sue Moors ‘ro Conquen- Tm Kuma WATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Uvois Tom's WALLSOKS THEATKS, Brosewsy- Monry—s# Prac- ical MAN A@BKICAN MUSEUM Aftornooe—B00n Bere rev War». Svemma~Love, Oxi pagr— MADISON aVSNUS—Afteracom and Evering—Faax- pows'e Corossar BrvropRoms, OMRISTY’S MAKICAN OPMRMA HOUEE 472 Brone- q@ay—Brworiay HxLonue BY CwauTy s Ovens TROUT WOOD'S | INSTKELS, Woov's Musical Bail, 444 Broad- LT was-Brworias Miners, BUCKLEY'S OPERA MCUSE, 539 Brosdway—Bvon- ave Bruorisn Ovens Trovure. ae. 606 Broadway—Paxcmama or Tue Bory @OPE CHAPE!. 715 Broadway—Dnanuenstan'’s Pa- REBeuA OF NiaGana ACADEMY BALL, (63 Broadway—Ascent jor MoxT “Bmaro. MBENISB GALLERY, 663 Broedway—Day ant Evening. Institers. GRQNOR BLITZ—Sruvvesa OBIN ESE ROOMS—Seves Mire MinROR PaKORAMA, SBDGWICK'S APOLLONICON CONCERTS—Hore ‘Dapel, New York, Monday, September 19, 1893. Malis forthe Pacific. TRE NEW YORY WEEKLY HPRALD. Bho United States mai! steamship Iiinois, Captain Hart- omnes, will leave this port to morrow citernoon, at two Weloek for arpinwall. ‘Who mails for Oalifommia and other parts of the Pasitic, wl stone at one o'clock. he New York Weeset Firnatp, California edition, cos- tating the Latent iutelligence from all parts of the world, wi be published at ten o’eloek to morrow morning. ingle copies sixpenes. Agents will please send in Met orders at early 65 ponsidle. Whe News ‘Phe Arctic, from Liverpool, arrived at this port at am ear’y hour yesterday morning. She brought our “Blea of English journals to the 7th instant, with fhe latest Continental advices. The Eastern diffi- @ulty remained as unsettled as before, owing to the want of any official iutelligence from St. Petersburg ato whether the Czar had accepted or rejected the Vienna note as amended—or at least altered—by the ®altan. The text of the note itself, with and with- gut the alterations, formed the staple subject of re mark and cebate amongst the leading politicians and 4p the columns of the press. All quiet in France, the supply ofcorn and the modified food tariff engaging the attention of the people and the Emperor. The monotony of Madrid politics was very health fully relieved by the promulgation of a royal order prohibiting the circulation of the London Times within the kingdom of Spain, its dependencies, and frapeatlantic possessions. The official circular— after reciting che literary and religious atrocities of @ie T: mes—wben 1t comes to the name of the Queen, Always ejanlates ‘ whom God preserve ;" but whether the pious aspiration is for her preservution from the shunder of the Times or the thunder of Heaven the proclamation “ sayeth not.’ It was said that Ge- neral Cafiedo would be immediately superseded io tbe goveroment of Cuba, and that General Lersund! would succeed him. We give some iurtber curious particulars regard- ing the Russian Japanese fleet, its management, men and discipline, with the latest market quotations and shipping intelligence. On Saturday we gave our readers the translation of au article which appeared in one of the Mexican journals, apropos of the celebrated speech of Attor- mey General Cushingjin Newark. To-day we give as a very fit peadent to it the trauslation of another g#emarkadle article, published in one of the Madrid Papers, ov a somewhat analagous subject, pamely— ‘he projected alliance betweeo Mexico and the other Spanish American repuolics, with their an sient me- tropol’s. The Diario Espanol, of Madrid, from which we translate, affects to treat the project as an emanation trom those people in the United States derirous to get up a casus belli with Mexico for the gurpose of annexation. But, while it sets out on Bhat footing, the article concludes by demonstrating the necessity which exists for such league, and inti Inates that Spain is by no means averse to such a Proposition. The article is deserving of attention The United States sloop-of-war Cyane, belonging to the fishery squadron, arrived at Portsmouth, N, H., yesterday. Her officers report that fish were pbundart, and that many vessels had sailed for home With ful) careoes. No seizures by the British Cruisers had been heard of. The ship Harkaway, which was yesterday men- fioned as having been found abandoned by the steamer Southerner, had eight feet of water in her hold, but her pumps, spars and sails, were in good order, and there isno doubt but that the crew placed oo board from the 8. wil] succeed in taking her into port, The S., after leaving the H., passed two empty longboats A break occorred in the Erie canal, near the Bushnell basin, about ten miles east of Rochester, yesterday morning. which it is suppoved cannot he repaired under eight or teu days. Some fifty boats were left aground by the sudden efflux of the water, sud two of them were completely wrecked, The trial of Rev. Mr. Smaller, of the Dutch Re- Formed Church, in Kingston, Ulster county, was con- cluded last Saturday. The Clissis,in rend4ring their verdict, declere that, although they cannot say that Che accused was guilty of any criminal intentions, in their opinion he had committed an infringement on the laws of decency and decorum. The Washington Union publishes, with landat ory xemarks, Mr. Dickinson's letter, and both the Syra cuse platforms. It thinks a heavy reeponsit fell upon those who shall be tiourly breaking up the “harmony oi t lity will lilty of fa aocratic founc party.” What next? Mr. Wiley, a fireman of Boston, was ran over and instantly killed while on his way to a fire last Bey vight. The steamer Cambridge, belonging to the Balt more and cksbarg line, was entirely con. Bumed on Chesapeake Bay, off Rapoahannock Fiver, last Friday morving. The passengers and crew escape The small frame building occnpied by Mr. G. P. R. James, British C at Nortolk, baviag been fire three times in abo nai s now been determined to demolish it A despatch from the Soperinter he Sea Hoard and Roanoke Railroad, Cated at 1, NO won the 16th inst., states that no person but. the « gincer was injured by the collision between the mai and freight trains. The former train had been de. tained an hour beyond its time by the non-arrival of the boat at Portsmouth. Wont of spave prevents as from specially referring to 4 large amount of very interesting matter pub Wehed in our columns to-day. The report of the last Gay's proceedings of the Convention of L'brarians the verdict of the Coroner's jury, with regard to the 4ecens collision on the Hudson River Railroad, &% Gar Fivencia) Prospeeta—Symptoms of a) Gvod Money Market Perhaps the most important and moa’ diti- cult problem of she day is the money market. For the Jast six months it has puzz ¢u the most experienced operators. The tig’stness which began in April and lasted for some weeks had no visible cause. Nor courd a reason be satis- factorily assigned for the relaxation which fol- lowed. The last three or four weeks have been another period of »tringency. Many grounds for the oocurren¢e have been mentioned. The bears Pave constantly harped on our over-im- partations. Great allowance has been made for the effect of the new law obliging the banks to present weekly statements of their affairs. Stress has been laid on the unsettled condition of affairs in Europe, and attempts have been repeatedly made to account for the state of our financial affairs by pointing out the prospects of s general war on the old Continent. That all’these and other well-known causes have had some effect in raising the price of money there is no solid reason to doubt; but 4 careful ad- ‘measurement of their influence will soon show that they were incapable of producing all the financial phenomena we have witnessed. There must have been some other agency at work to cause the wide disparity between the price of money on 1st September, 1853, and the price of money on lst September, 1852. Atthe present moment, especially, there must be come powerful influence at werk to prevent the natural expansion of the market, and the restoration of a period of ease. The banking law has been fairly tried, and the effects of the transition frem the old to the new system must by this time have disappeared. Thanks to the information it affords us, any one ean sce that our financial institutions are working on a solid basis, and cannot by any possibility apprehend a crisis ora period of disaster. Our trade is, on the whole, very prosperous. Breadstutfs are unusually remunerative; and the better classes of cotton, purchased in good season. have re- turned a fair profit to shippers. Of the home investments, in which “outsiders” usually stake a large portion of their funds, the bulk have proved fortunate. Railway and steamboat communication has increased; and though we cannot expect the stock of lines built by finan- ciering to rule at par, roads undertaken on a proper basis, constructed with judgment, and conducted with economy. are paying a fair divi- dend. Shipments to California and Australia have, on the whole, turned out well. We find few, if any, bogus schemes on the market—none assuredly in which large amounts ef capital have been embarked. Whence does it arise. then, that money is dear? We pass over the ready reply of the hardened bear. There will always be, in every commu- nity, men who see everything through a darkened meditm—who, in the midst of pros- perity, are constantly anticipating misfortune, and preparing for a famine in the zenith of plenty. It is well that such should exist. They serve a useful purpose in the economy of the world by restraining the sanguine and coun- teracting the imprudent. But it cannot be expected that we should devote our space to .Teporting the platitudes of the croakers who are ever reminding us that we are on the brink of ruin, when any man with half an eye can see subtantial evidences of our real and abiding prosperity. We pare them vyer lu silence to consiader tu brief terms an argument that has been frequent. ly advanced of late. We allude tothe supposed influence of the money movements in Englaud upon our market here. We have heard it grave- ly stated that the tightness of money in New York was to be ascribed in a great measure to tbe changes in Englan@, which have required an increase in the bank rate of discounts to four per cent. In other words, it is generally be- lieved in certain circles that this measure of the bank betokens a coming crisis, in which we must necessarily bear our part. This we be- lieve to be a delusion. We hold the value of money to be established, like that of all other commodities, by the demand and the supply. When channels for profitable investment are scarce, and money abounds, it will be cheap; when profitable investments are so numerous as to absorb a greater amount of money than the market contains the article will rise in price. The rise will indicate no coming crisis— no threatened disaster: it will merely show that there are so many promising investments that more money could be well employed than acountry can spare. That this is at present the case in Great Britain our mercantile read- ers mast be well aware. During the twenty years previous to 1852 the exports of England more than doubled in value, This year it is expected that they will reach the enormous sum of $440,000,000. Most of these exports of British goods are sent out on consignment, and long credits are allowed to the purchasers. They ere very profitable, howe@er, and capital- ists can afford to lay out of their mone: prospect Of large ultimate returns. Again more British money has been invested in French railways since Napoleon ascended the throne than during the twenty years previous. In view of a probable war, merchants and others on the continent of Europe have exhausted their credits on London, avd vast quantities of British capital are now being used in busines: in Holland, Germany, Spain, and even the Bal- tic and the Levant. , All these causes produce a temporary scarcity of money—not @ scarcity due to losses or inju- dicious operations, which is likely to be per- manent—but a scarcity caused by the very prosperity of trade and the multiplication of avenues to wealth. It is true that for the mo- ment this scarcity produces the same apparent effect as a period of commereial distress would cause; but really it is widely different, not only in its ephemeral nature, but its direct con- sequences. A circular published in another column r y, that conti- 8 than it does arks, very judiciot err d on @ surer ba Tngland. of the financial world could we at present i pects What safer criterion of the pro have th In ard the rise in bank rate of int a yptom of the prosperity of tra sod Switzerland, i v ee pe cent is a yood ir for t In Cal nia th x can read t ned. I any thin, required to show t ¢ f ey ways ses in dir th ute of comm al and material advauc fa country? Need we add a word to disprove the bypotbesis that the rise of the rate of inter est in England is a symptom of a period of disaster which we must share? We anticipate a farther rise in money in Eng- land to five per cent. We do s0, first, on the belief that her trade will continue to prosper and her exports to increase; and. accondly, from ®% conviction that, ag steam: ers and other means of communication are multiplied, money, like water, will find a nearly similar level in all commercial coun- tries. We now see a difference of thirty two percent in the value ofmoney between markets distant from each other not many more days. For what a capitalist is glad to get fourin Lon- don, he can have nine here, and thirty-six in San Francisco, with equal security. This is one of those anomalies which illustrate the novelty of the new commercial system, and show how fur distant we are from a thorough comprehension and application of the philoso- phical principles of trade. That there will come a day when this anomaly will disappear and the price of money all over the commercial world will be subject to the same fluctuations as flour and cotton, we firmly believe, and we are not @ little metined to regard the rise in the bank rate of discounts as one step towards this result. rs We said that some cause, not generally ‘known, must be in operation to keep up the price of money here, as such a state of things was not warranted by the character of our dealings or the prospects of our trade. A simi- lar condition to that of England, viz.: a super- abundance of profitable investments, has doubt- less something to do with the fact. But we are strongly inclined to ascribe a still greater share of influence to the pusiilauimous apprehensions of many of our leading men. So long as the leaders of Wall street continue to anticipate disasters while the horizon is cloudless—so Jong as “‘a second ’37” is talked of as a proba- bility, under a system which should preclude the possibility of such an occurrence—money will continue to be dear. Merchants must learn to see things as they are before ex- changes will resume their natural level. Whe Miasion to France—Probable Conclusion of the Long Agony, The mission to France, as we stated yester- day, we have reason to believe has been ten- dered to, and will be accepted with pleasure by. the Hon. John Y. Mason, President Tyler’s and President Polk’s Secretary of the Navy for a time. All parties concerned, therefore, in this most fashionable, fascinating and elegant of the foreign appointments, may, we think, consider the question settled as to entertain any longer a doubt upon the subject, or a hope concerning any other man than Judge Mason. Assuming that this nomination has been made, we are inevitably led to inquire what has been the difficulty, that this important mission, like the coflin of Mahomet, has been suspended. be- tween heaven and earth so long? From March to September the North and the South have been kept in a state of suspense on this sub- ject—anxious suspense and uncertainty, Thousands of dollars would be required to cover the cost of the telegraphic de- spatches of the supposed fluctuations of General Pierce and the Cabinet upon this particular appointment during the last six months. The Washington newsmongers, however, after beating about the bushes, from time to time, have so repeatedly fallen back upon Mr. Dix that hunkers and freesoilers and Southern secessionists will be somewhat curious to know why it is that, after all, Mi. Dix is superseded. In July last the nomina- tion was held back on account of the August elections in the Southern States. After they were safely over, Mr. Dix was to have had his commission sure. But upon the heel of those August elections comes the September Demo- cratic State Conventions at Syracuse; and so, for the sake of harmonizing the hard shells, Mr- Dix is held subject to a reconsideration till the upshot of the gathering at Syracuse is dis- closed. And now, it is indeed strange, after all the mischief has been done with the name of Mr. Dix that could be done, that he should be coolly and deliberately set aside for a quiet re- tired gentleman like Judge Mason of Virginia. It is indeed strange, considering that familiar and interesting correspondence which is said to have taken plaee lately between the Presi- dent and Mr. Dix, comprehending all the difficul- ties of the case, and all the grounds of partiality which controlled the President in his original selection of Mr. Dix. It is a very strange, a very interesting, and a very remarkable case. considering all these things—very curious and peculiar, we must confess. How will Mr. Dix—how will John Van Buren and the soft shells of this State— take this prescription? We shudder to think of it. Mr. Wise, of Virginia, and Mr. Wise’s friends, will be disappointed, for they had strong hopes, considering the ser- vices of Mr. Wise at the Baltimore Convention, that he would finally come in. Gov. Cobb, of Georgia. we apprehend, will think it rather funny, that after having had the refusal of this mission it should he otherwise disposed of, before having made up his mind one way or the other—the pro or con depending upon the aspects and prospects of the forthcoming Geor- gia election. And, what are we to thi the rumors that Mr. Dallas was under disc tion a few days ago; and that Gen. Caleb Cushing would certainly go to France if a certain Catholic lady of Maryland, of the Car- roll family, would only consent to share the hovors of bis official presentation to the Court of Napoleon IIL. and the Empress? Upon all these mysterious und complicated reports there is yet much to Le revealed. Thus much we fully believe:—that the mission to Frauce was offered to Gen. Dix several months since—that he signified his »ptance, but that questions of party expedie: Nortb and South, after a hard struggle, have com- pelled the President to drop him. Gen. Dix, having esccepted the sub-treasury as an accommodation, pro tempore, to the President, (for such appears to have been the terms of his acceptance.) and having con- tinued, all through the summer, in the hot und close atmosphere of Wall street, in the dis- charge of his official duties, in ¢ vation of the reward of the missi 4 will be very likely to think that he has been ur treated. A man ol meaus, to whom the salary of the eub-treasurer with a delighifal country just completed for his resid would harc nothing, t. which be had during the past y the eight or ten millions of public money in street, throngh eon, care of Wall f J the deadly heats ¢ no July and without some extraordinary ered conside h. we be not, wa Mr. Dix in the contingent offer of the to }rance, Mr. Dix is a scholar—versed in the languages and literature of Europe—(vide his “Winter in Madeira and Summer in Spain,’”’) end to such a man there would be attractions in the embaeey to St. Cloud far beyond the public honors and insufficient emoluments of the post The exhaustless stores of history, literature, cience and the fine arts, with Which Paris abounds, were, then, the secret of Mr, Dix’s ac- SE TOA tA SS A = <r SSSS ————— a ceptance of the duties of the wew-York snb- treasurer for those ‘yorrible months in Wall street of June, July and August. This ordeal of self-denial was the price which he had agreed to pay fur the mission to France He has paid it, when his air-built casties, raised from the historical treasures of the Louvre, the archives of France, the Tuilleries, and the palaces of Versailles, vanish, like the weird sisters, into thin air. The mis- sion to Paris is gone—and a quiet gew#teman, from his tobacco fields in Virginia, is called upen to supersede our learned, disappointed, and unfortunate soft shell. Well, Mr. Dix and his friends must even con- sent to submit with what grace they can, Judge Mason, of Virginia, perhaps will do for a general compromise. He has a university edu- cation, though we suspect he knows as little of the French language as of the French people. He has been a judge, a member of the Cabinet under Captain Tyler and Colonel Polk, &c., and though he has filled these positions respectably he has left but little behind him to rescue him from the absolute retirement of private life ex- cept the name of an honest public servant. a is a clever Virginia gentleman, fat and jovial, who loves a good dinner and a good joke. He is too amiable to have personal enemies, and has taken the world too good-naturedly to have incited any political conspiracies against him, It would have been more apropos, per- haps, to have sent Judge Maron to England rather than to France. He has more of the substantial elements of roast beef and plum pudding about him, than of the light French qualities of sandwiches and champagne. But he has had the necessary experience, and has the requisite abilities for the discharge of the duties of even the mission to France; and we are further consoled in this, that his political antecedents, though not of the “fast” kind have still been consistent with the requisitions of ‘manifest destiny.” All right, according to present advices. Who says no? Post Orrice MANAGEMENT ry Havana.—It has been for some time past known to the public. through our columns, that,the Spanish authori- ties in Cuba had again resorted unreservedly to the custom of opening and examining the cor- respondence passing through that post office to or trom New York. After the rifling of the mail bags of the Black Warrior, some month ago, on their transit from Messrs. Drake & Co.’s oilfice to the wharf, so great an outcry and reprobation of that act has been made here that the matter was represented to the supreme government at Madrid, and an order has since been issued from the metropolis directing all mails to be hence- forth exclusively made up at the Spanish post office. This order. if submitted to, would have the effect of subjecting the mails now made up at Drake & Co.’s office to the uncontrolled ac™ tion of the Spanish officials ; but we very much doubt the probability of the Captain-General’s procuring the assent or submission of those in charge of American interests there to that scheme. So recklessly and incautiously was the sys- tem of examining all correspondence carried on in Havana, that even the despatches from this government to our Consul, Judge Clayton, was not exempt from this interference, but was re- cently detained and mutilated. Our acting Consul at that port, Mr. Robertson, addressed -in the ebseuce uf Judge Sharkey—a very energotio letter to the Captain General on this subject. In a few days afterwards—the 31st of August—Mr. Robertson received a reply from his Excellency, in which the Captain-General admits having issued orders to deal with the letters passing through the post office in the manner which was complained of; that he was forced to take this measure from the fact of the government of the United States being either unwilling or unable to repress the doings of the Cuban junta established in New York; and from his desire to prevent the introduction by such junta of revolutionary papers or pamphlets into the island. But his Excellency promised hence- forth to cause the letters and despatches ad- dressed to the United States consulate to be re- spected. The results of Mr. Robertson’s re- monstrance have been received at the Depart- ment of State in Washington. The letters which we will give to-tomorrow from our correspondents, though silent on the foregoing facts, contain many interesting items of general news. Tue Pacrric RawRroap—Lerrer or Pres- LEY Ewine To Ropert J. WaLKER.—T ie letter of Hon. Presley Ewing, member of Congress from Kentucky, to Hon. Robert J. Walker, on the subject of the Pacific Railroad. which we publish to-day, will be well worth the reading. especially to those who feel a matter-offact interest in the great enterprise of an iron bigh- way from New York to the Pacific Ocean. In this connection, we understand that the New York, Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, recently chartered by our Legislature, will hold # preliminary meeting to-day, with a view tothe making arrangements for subscriptions to their capital stock of one hundred millions of dollars. The route for which this company have indicated their preference is the most southerly route. through Texas, and via El Paso del Norte and Colonel Cooke’s wagon route south of the Gila, to its junction with the Great Colorado of the Gulf of California, thence westward to San Diegop but we presume they wil! acquiesce in the decision of the government if their terms are conceded in regard to the right of way, public mails, &e. Shouldn't won- der if many old people of the present day we yet to live to make the round trip from New York to California and back in twenty days. Unctx Tom’s Canry.— The authoress of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Mrs. Harriet cher Stowe, baving finished up her tour of Europe, has re- turned home again. She was safely landed yesterday at the foot of Canal street, with the other passengers by the Arctic. She and Uncle Tom, and the Black Swan. appear to have had a splendid run, To be sure. Queen Victoria, for a little Buncombe for Ya pon- sumption, thought fit to Jude the disti smished abolition authoress from a formal r ception at court ; to be sure, she was the occ sion, while in France, of a descent of the pr upon the house of certain of her political triends ; and we admit, too, that sbe and Uncle Tom were both tabooed by the Holy Father at Rome. But what of that? She went out a lion ess, and has come back with a Europe ion. And we do hope it will be be to her and all concerned towards claiming them from the error of their ways. Item—It is @ pity that Uncle Tom. during the absence of Mra. Stowe, bas ceased to be a stand- ard work. At the last trade sales he was at an unsaleable discount. The demand for Uncle Tom ig filled. Give ug something now on woman's rights, Secrerary Marcy on THe Koszva Case.— Mr. Webster, from that broad, strong, and un- answerable exposition of American public law, as laid down in his world-renowned correspond- ence with the Chevalier Hulsemann, added im- mensely to his reputation as a statesman, di- plomat and patriot, great as that reputation was before. Such is the popularity of a fearless and successfal vindication of the rights of Amer- ican citizenship against the sophistries of Eu- ropean despotism. Now, in emulation of the brilliant example of Mr. Webster, we understand that the Hon. Wil- liam L. Marcy, our present premier, is prepar- ing such an exposition, in ‘defence of Capt. In- graham in the case of Koszta, of American law and American rights as will leave not a rag of the Austrian protest to swear by. It is under- stood that this second declaration of American independence of Austrian assumptions will very shortly be promulgated to the world; and that. while it will be read with pride by every native-born American, it will electrify our adopted citizens, and all républicans, every- where, especially those who intend to make good their allegiance to the United States. In a word, it is understood that in this forthcom- ing State paper the administration will sustain the course pursued by Captain Ingraham and our consul at Constantinople, and insist upon the restoration of Koszta, (upon the faith of the simple formal declaration of his intentions,) to the liberties and immunities of a fully matured American citizen. Well, we are glad to hear that such a State paper may be expected from Governor Marcy At this juncture it may be useful, not only in an international, but in a domestic and party point of view. It may do something to strengthen General Pierce, to reunite our di- vided democracy, and to bring the belligerent factions, North and South, to the support of the President. Our premier should be thankful for this golden opportunity for a “palpable bit.”’ From his masterly and well-timed instructions on diplomatic coats and breeches, we do expect something grand upon this Koszta case. Let us have the document without unnecessary delay. Tne Lrprartans’ Convention.—The Conven- tion of Librarians, which was held in this city during the last three days, has just closed its labors. It was attended by delegates from al- most every State in the Union, and it excited considerable interest among literary circles: This is the first movement of the kind among librarians, and it has led to a permanent organ- ization for the holding of future conventions, the first of which will be held in Washington some time next year. When we consider that there are about seven hundred public libraries, exclusive of those connected with schools, in the United States, the necessity of some society for the benefit of librarians, and the still greater extension of libraries. will become obvious. The number of volumes is over two millions, which is at therate of one book to every ten or twelve personsin the country. The librarians are confident that with proper and well-directed effort every town and village in the country might be possessed of a library. Several plans having this desirable end in view were sug gested, among which we may mention one as particularly deserving of notice. According to this the members are each required to invest a certain amount in money fora library fund, and to contribute an equal pumber of books. In this way the nucleus ofa library might be formed in any village ; and by due cure and at- tention, with the ai@ of its own funds and the fees obtained from its readers, we have no doubt that in ninety-nine cases out of a hun- dred it would be successful. The number of libraries at present established throughout the country might be more than doubled in the course of ten years at the utmost. There was another sutyect discussed before the Convention, and, next’ to the establishment of libraries, it is certainly the most important that claimed the consideration of its members. The classification and the arrangement of cata- logues have long perplexed the brains of libra- rians; but Professor Jewet! has, by the inven- tion of a new system, removed all she difficul- ties under which they have hitherto labored. This plan has been fully described in our re- ports of the Convention, and is ut present io successful operation at the Smithsonian Insti- tution. None but those who have been employ- ed in the preparation of a catalogue for a libra- ry can form an adequate idea of the great value of this system. We cannot dismiss this subject without con- gratulating the members of the Convention on the order. harmony, mutual courtesy and unan- imity, which distinguished their proceed- ings, It isa rare thing, inthis age of woman’s rights and temperance conventions, for a body of men to assemble for any specific purpose without being disturbed by angry debates, in which hard names and abuse are freely bestow- ed by the disputants upon each other. While the same spirit continues to be manifested by the librarians at all their meetings, no appre- hensions need be entertained of the success of whatever they may undertake for their own benefit and that of the reading public. We be- speak for them the favor and support ofall who wish well to ‘he cause of literature and the dit- usion of general information. Sate or Rovesrrerne’s Gurttotins—San Loss To Barnum.—Among the items of our late French news there is oue which will be highly interesting to all our readers, but doubly in- teresting to Barnum, in view of a grand gpecu- lation thrown away. Among a parcel of old government lumber recently ordered to be sold at auction to the highest bidder in Paris was the identical guillotine of the horrible Reign of Terror, and the basket belonging to it, into which the beads of its vietims—from ten to a hundred per day—dropped. under the bloody system of Robespierre, including the head of that heartless butcher himself. This horrible machine, frame-work. sliding-knife, aud basket certified by a government officer, were sold at public auction, beiore an immense crowd of spec- tators. for fifty francs ; and directly after the articles were committed toa bor , amid the cheers of the people, The guillotine of Robes pierre, preserved vimoug the relies of the first French revolution for more than half a ceatury. and then sold at fifty franes! What a specula tion was thus thrown away, sure enough | Darnum could have given two thousand dollars for it, for in bis hands it would have been wor!) a fortune to bim at twenty-five cents a tiviet children half price. What @lovs to Barnum. Sold for fifty france, basket included. Only think of it, Drrartoe oF THe Dutcn War Steamer —The Dated wor ntenmer Amsterdam, which bas teen lying off the Battery for some time Daom, wailed y enterday for the island of Cusscoa. | ree mel Tue Avrumy Farns—AouicvLtoRraL, INDUSTRI- AL aND Equine Exuassrrions. —The present season is more than usually fraitful in exhibitions of the products of the skill of our countrymen in every de- partment oflabor. The great good which grows out of these exhibitions is too generally acknowledged to need a word of encouragement from us, At this time we desire to call particular attention to the « First National Exhibition of Imported Blood, and American Breeds of Horses,” which is to commence at Springfield, Massachuset's, on the 19th October, and continue during four days. This exhibition will be given under the aurpices of the “ United States ‘Agricultural Society,” and is intended “to gratify the curiosity and encourage the ambition of those who desire the improvement of so indispensable a domestic animal as the horse.” The exhibition will be arranged in the best manver, and premiums to the amount of near two thousand dollars will be * awarded to the exhibitors of the best atock. There will also be a show of fraits.aud flowers, and a grand agricultaral banquet, during the time of the exhibi- tion. Tbe exhibition is eminently national, and, therefore, should be emineutly successful, The New York Horticultural Society will comt- mence its fall exhibition of fruits, flowers, vegeta~ bles, etc., at Niblo’s Garden, on the 20th September, and it will continue during three days. The exhibi- tion will be both entertaining, humanizing and in- structive. Flowers are so many beautiful poems. sprinkled through the dull prose of everyday life. The Committee of Invitations of the Massachu- setts Charitable Mechanic Association, have invited. us to their seventh exhibition, now open in Boston, and to close on the first of October. These exhibi- tions are held triennially, and are largely attended. The universal Yankee nation has given to the scien- tific world many valuable inveutions, and this exhi- bition must be interesting. A City Wirnovr a Mayor.—At the last ses: , sion of the Rhode’ Island Legislature a city charter was granted to Newport, and the proper steps were subsequently taken by the citizens to organize muni cipal government and elect officers. Candidates for Mayor were put in nomination by three different par- .” ties, an election held, and as neither candidate re ceived a majority of the whole number of votes it was declared to be no election, and the newly made city of Newport was withoot » Mayor. On the 14th of the present month the citizens again sought to se- lect a municipal head to their government; but as the vote stood for Cranston 251, Hazard 162, and Hunter 188, there was again no election, and the fashionable city of Newport is yet without a Mayor. But, praiseworthy in their endeavors, the citizens rerolved not ‘‘ to give it up so.” and, through their Common Council , have ordered that another’election be held, on the 4th of October next. We shall await patiently for the trial without venturing to predict the result, for “ sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.” Inthe meantime, the question might be settled whether we can have a city without a Mayor? Theatsicai Imeiiigence, A NEW PRIMA DUNNA—THE PUKITANL AT NIBLO’S— MISS JULIA DRAN~ MKS, F ARKEN—FORBIGN MUSIG@ AND THE DRAMA. As our seadere are well aware, New York is fall to over- flowing and al the theatres sre full every night; the managers are all doiog we!l, and une efforts of the players are properly appreciated by their andienses. M. Maretzek’s opera reason positively commences this evening, with Bellini’s cpera, the Puritan, In the east we notice the names of Steffanone Salv!, Marini, and Be- neventano, We are roop to bave a sight at Max's new © firet-rate’’—Signorina Consteenza Manzipi, a young and pretty prima donna, who bas sung at the San Cario, Neplee, also at Rome and Florence. She is to make her début as Lucia. We believe that M. Maretzek intends to give the New Yerk public a reries of operatic represen- tations equal, if wot superisr, to anything that we ever sd in New York. We have no douht tlmt he will be susteined by the public, Several new operas are to be produced, and as the manager has raised our expecta- tions tos high pitch we are assured that he does not intend to disappoint us. At the Broudway Theatre, inet Saturday evening, Miss Julia Dean concluded her engsgement of twelve nights. Ithas bees ® very successful one We are of the opin- ion that her revival of such 4 stupid mess of trash ag “The Belle of the Faubourg’ was vot in good taste. Itt long, dull affair, with « most improbable plot. Macelaine, the character ia which Miss Dean appears, is & stropg one—that is, she gots into the most improbable sit, uations, seezningly for the purpose of showing how well the actress can portray the +irongest emotiona. Her hus- band is & drunkard, and she deposits her child im the box of the founding pital for fear thst she will not be abe to maiata‘n it. A villain, who vuuts @ ohild fora Psrticular purpore, takes this ous, and when Madelaine exdeavors to recover it she ssourtains thet it bas been re- moved. This is the portion of the plot in which Misa Dean gets all the appleuse, avd, con sequently, where her acting should be superior. Such ix not the fact. In the first act, where she chides he: husband for his neglect, ber fine expression and eweet-ioned voice would favor- ably imp:ess the seserest crivis, This, her out- burst of joy at bis promised reform, were very weil done; bat the portrayal of the deeper pacwions—ber relact- ance at parting with her child, and her horror whea she found that it had been removed. was got netoral, It was not the deep regret of a wolher—it was wore like ‘the inéigvation of a ebiid who has lost his favorite play- thing. It was ® burst—a paroyxi«m—not » deep, settled grief. The effect was aiso destroyed by the want of a good reacon why she shoud give up her child. Tha piece covtains too wuch talk and too little incident, The situations are improbable, snd the whole piese ought to be buried snd never sgain acted in a civilized country. Mise Dean promises to Jead the Awerican stage. Her re- commendations to that honor sre » fine, intellectual face, a full, rich voice, with gued compass, and considers able talent for the profession, We never saw der do any- thing original, avd therefove cannot say whether she hag geniue of not, he makes the usual poiats ia the old piecss, She has s bad figure ard on awkward style of using ber arms, Her st) Je is emiveatly American, and she dashes ihrough a part hike « througubred, as abe is, Sometimes she over sels, aud she always fevors up with an exubersuce of xesticulation, whicw ix siways with her upgrace‘ul, aud frequently outof place. Mice Deen ix yet young, aad will undoabindly win» high pisce on the roll of living acires es, Bat as we admire her, and hope for ber succers as an Amerionn actress, we hope ebe wil pot give us apy core bad translations from Freveb fwilures, Where ix the ‘new piecs, by & gentle. wan of this city,” which the managers promised us “ during Miew Dean's engagement / Itie only pecessa y for us to eay that Mr, Forrest plays Damon to-n'gbt, being bis first appearatce thia season; the house wil! bs jammed of couree, At Burton's, | Peed fieis’’ and “ Dombey and Son’? have been revived, © che delight of citizens and strangers. The houses have boea crowded. For tos vight we bave “She Si " mod “Tho Mummy,” Burton in ‘The vew farce, “Trying it Ou,” bas been pleyed bere, aod Mr. Jordan bar wade & “hit! as Mr Walsiogbais Potts, am evorns trie young gentleman, who ‘‘ ties everything on’ with, Gur the clightest regard lo risks oF com smqueases, Old Koglieh comedy, with modero wad favorite farces, have attracted full hences to Walaok’y Lyseam, Read she cast for “Money,” to night, and get a aemtearly, Mrs. Ferren has been pisyiog at the Bowery to fall Loures, and her bevefit op Friday was & perfect jam, Mra. Farren is ® most excellent stress, aad her reader. sto Ovuqu two obsractera ing Of Lucrezia Borgia te row foriv« intensity aad power, bre, Farven’# fovie ext teogedy, and if sho has @ fault ft ia {9 ences to make the ehacae. ter more effvotive than the au pion, Hor manuer is the periection of grace, her eloeution natural, and ber enuncis tet. Ler voice ia awees, volu- minous, powerful aud te plays two y characters the same evening withoatene signs of wouknese or fetigue, She bos heea well wapported by Mr. tay, Mr. Glory, and others of tha Bowery company, The Bowery i vt of au actress capable of playing oid * Chir (net was palpable io the performance of ride of Lammermoor Mra Farren appears iz “Tue Vesetian” and * Toe Sergeant's Wits,” this eye- ning The Chatham is esfil filled with the admirers of Uncle Tom,” and itis expeeted tust ty will rua till Christmas, Jullien’s lact week is announced, The Garden will soon he needed by the Americao lustitute, To night is Herr Kenig’s bevefit, and « rplendid programme ie suvounced. We shail be very sorry to love Jullien, aad advise everybody to hesr bis magnificent orchestra before it in too late. At Barnum’s Mureum., every evening, viriters oan seo & fine play well pe formed by @ wood company a pair of giraffer, (we really oryldn’teny hoy tad they are—but six ‘