The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1853, Page 3

ADDITIONAL EUROPEAN NEWS, THE KOSZTA AFFAIR. @ur Constantinapic Corres Coneranrivopus, Joly 16, 1858. Biographical Sketch of Martin Kostta—- His Fire Imprisonment and Release~-Arrwal in England—Departure for America—Declaration Of hés Intentions—Sai's for Smyrna—Interviews sith owr Consul—Citizen Protection in Turkey— fa Violation by Austria—Pay of Koszta's Oap- tore—American Negotiations for his Release— Arrwal and Action of the St. Lowis—The News in Constantinople—The Release—Effect upon owr National Character, §c., &c. Among the Hungarian refugees whojfled across the . ‘Danube and found an arylum in 1849-50 was Martin Costa, or Koszta. This individual, member of a frood family in Hungary, and one possessed of some preperty, has received a good education, and, from personal appearance, is evidently of the pure Hunga- iam or Magyar race. After remain{oi@ir some time at Shamia with the other refugees, he was sent to Kutaya, in company with Koasuth, Bathyani, Pero- axel, Dembinski, and the other chiefs of the Hunga- Mam rebellion. All Europe and America cried out against the conduct of the Porte in detaining these ‘persona in its dominions on the demand of Austria, #0 that it at last required of Austria that she should make outa list of those persons whom she most “feared, and that, whilst these should be detained still longer at Kutayn, the rest wonld be allowed to leave the country. ‘To this Austria consented; but required that the Sultan should expel those whom he Uberated, and send thea to England or the United States, Sho refused again to recognise them aa her subjecta,or in any manner éo protect or aid them—in fact drove them as far from her own soll as ehe pos- albly could. Among these was Martin Koazta, Ho loft Ku- ‘taya against his will. His wish was to remain in confinement with his friend and patron, Count Ba- thyan!, and to follow the fate of the other exiles from Hungary. He reached England in the Sultan's steamer, whence, sfter a short stay, alded by Lord Dudley Steart, he proceeded to the United States, in 1861. What ocevpation he pursued there, if any, is not known. about two years. In July, 1862,he made the usual renunciation of al! allezianse to any other govern- iment than that of the United States, aud made an oath of allogiance to the United States of America, @ copy of which declaration he now possesses. In 1652 he embarked iv an American vessel at New York for Smyrna, in furkey, for the purpose of | visiting this country temporarily, and to obtain, if spoesible, news and cuccor from his relatives in Hun- gary. On his arrive] at Smyrna he presented him welf te the American consul, who procured him a tezkereh,a Turkish passport, to come up here. In this document, if he is not qualified as a citizen, or subject of the United States, it certainly states that he is a protege of their government. When about to leave Constantinople again for Sinyrna he prosonted himself at the Legation of the United States, and on exhibiting his documects of naturalization was fur- nished with another tezkerch, with which he left, and stated his design of returning to the United States to New York) in the earliest American vessel whioh should offer. No complaint was ever made against M. Kosata by anyone. The Turks, it is believed, prefor that the Hungarians shou'd not retura here so soon after their expulsion at the demand ot a neighboring power (Austria); but it treats them all kindly. ‘Many are in tho service of Turks of distinction, and -@ome have procured the protection of the Porte hy Decoming rayabs, (Christian subjects,) which change Yequires no residence of « number of years, nor any ‘ath of allogiance, but simply a declaration of inten- ion and desire to become subjects of tho Sultan. ‘The new character is assumed at once. If noeded “the Hungarian-Ottoman is provided with a passport end nothing is asked about his past history. By Austrian law an Austrian subject becomes expa- frlated if he remains in a foreign country after the period for which he has received a passport, and if he enters a foreign service without the permission of his own government. There are many native Aua- Aziana here at the present: moment who would gladly return to Austria; but having fuiled in the formality aforesaid are refused all protection from their own Yegation, and cannot procure a passport, Others, who have accepted military service from the Porte, are expatriated, and have lost all right to the pro- tection of the Austrian legation and its chancellery. How much lees, therefore, has the Austrian legation ‘the right to seize upon the expatristed and exiled Ho iacs? Some of them have, siace their unfor- tu rebellion, become subjects and citizens of other governments, and have come back to the hos- jitable land of the young Sultan. Can austrian diiret after Hungerian blood come here after them now, and snatch them away from among their frionds, to convey them to the gallows or the for- tresses of the most despotic absolute monarchy in Europe? Docs Austria recognize nataralization of Hungarians by Turkey and other governments, and Rot by the Uvited Staies of America’ Can she be allowed to seize upon naturalized citizens of the United States in Turkey because she is weak, and political occurrences render her powerless, and be- cause America is distzut/ These are questions in He remained in the United States , volved in the arrest of M. Martin Koszta at Smyrna, $ aa he was on the point of embarking for New ‘ork, of which he calls himself a citizen. In Turkey all foreign powers have reserved te themselves jurisdiction ever their own sub- jecta, just aa they exercise it ovor them in their own ferrites. They may arrest them ‘and try them, and, if found guilty, condomn them to the laws of their country. Soas to enable the legation to arrest or summons their sub- er citizens, the Porte has provided each Le- gation and consulate with persons called cavasses, or 5 ere’ Mussulmen, and have the power of To arrest a foreigner iu this country by any other moans than this, or by the ordinary police the mment, is illegal. What Mr. Koezta could have done | to excite the ill-will of the Austrian Con- Bul of Smyrna cannot be imagined. He is ace ‘individaal, a warm-hearted Hungarian, it fa true; but noither a brawling one nor a bombast. Ho has always been knows as # follewer and thes of Count Bathyani, and not of Kossuth; politician he is not, revolutionise he denies being at the present |, though it ia not to be denieg that in case his country should feel itself in a position to win hor nee of Austria that he would, naturally » Tejoin ber standard if he could. seated on the wharf of Smyrna, on the 21st June, Mr. Koezta was assailed by some twelve or fif- teen ruffian Greeks, all armed to the teeth. At their head was a famous out-throat and robber, ready for eny affair for which he would be paid. In the midst of a large concourse of Franks they set upon the uo- offending Koegta, One knocked him over, and another grabbed at his throat; in a moment he was covered with bruises, (it was not intended to assassinate him;) he was thrown into the sea, and there, etn boat, apperontly an idle spectator of tne scono, he Bwam to it, pon f seizing hold of it, believed himsel? saved from a bend of Swyrua robbers, who auda- ciously had attacked him in the midst of the public way; but what was hix disappointment and surprise to find that it was also filled with similar assassins; that they were under the charge of an officer of an Anstrian brig-of-wer, then in the harbor of Smyrna, @alled the Hussar, who at once reized upon bim, and hastily using their onre, dragged hitn after them to the brig. On the way he was hauled ap in the boat, ond fetters were quickly put upon his hands and fect, and in this muuucr Le was haaded down ato the hold of the vessel of war. a The assassins, when interrnpted by the local gothorities of Smyrna, deciared that they had been employed by the Austrian Consul of ‘that place, named Wickbeuker, to seize up on 8 Hungarian refayee, who had been jointed out to them by suemploye of the consulate; Bias oy, esi were promised $20, or 600 piasters, for the deed; and that they had had fine success. “The logignation of the inhabitants of Smyrna was at the outrage which had thus been committed. authorities of the place smarted under the inanlt -offered to them, and remvastrated against it, bat without avail. It was soon heard that the Anstrian Coasvl, Wick- becker, in the afternoon of the same day in which this affair oocurred, had called upon his Excellency, Ali Pacha, Governor General of Smyrna, to present to him tho captain of the Austrian brig of-war ‘Hosear, of twenty guns, just arrived from Crieste; that daring the ‘interview with his Excellency the ~Coneul waked that there was an individual in Smyr- tha whom he wished to arrest and send away in the brig; but the Pacha quictly told him that he could ‘Rot approve of the aor, and that if there was to be a person arrested be would do it himself, and have him gent out of (ew TE md ef ep ire Telg cd sprommoded the Cougul. To this tae Austrian Con- sul gave a mild anewer deaoting his compliance, and taid nothin, more on the subject, Te ae sal after this interview with the (Geverner the scuse which I have desoribed voourred on the quay 0° Smyrna. The Consul bad already taken shoes to seize meen M. Koesta, af a late hour in the evening, when nightfall wetting, it would somewhat con- ceal the dark deed of brutal Austriaw inhumanity. The indignation of the gentle Inthe meantime M. Korata was held in fetters in the hoid of the Austrian brig-of-war in the harbor of Smyrna. There he passed the 22d und the 23d of June. It was reported on the 22d that he was an Ame- tioan citizen, and the news was no atuted to the Ame- rican Consul, who took steps tu have an interview with M. Koeata iu his confinement. But thisthe Austrian commander refured to permit, and stated that he was entirely under the orders of the Consul. Appli- cation to the Consul had no better success, On the same day the Consul had the satisfaction to see the United States corvette St. Louis, com- manded by Captain [ograham, of South Carolina, enter the hardor. Immediately he communicated with him, and they decided tu seek an opportunity of. agourtaining the fact whether Martin Kovate was @ citizen of the United States or whether he was not, The Austrian captain refused them soccas to the brig; the Consul did the sane; but the firmness of Captain Ingrabam, who declared that he must see him, induced the latter to allow of the interview ia his presence. He tound M. Koesta in chains in the hold of the brig, more dead than a aud to the benevolent inquiries of Captain Ingraham all he would reply was, that he was “a Hun sarian, and would die one.” The American Consul of Smyrna knew that he had pessceeed & deolaration of in‘en- tion to become a citizen of the United States, and had taken the usual oath of allegiance to the govera- ment of the United States; but, uncertain of his duties towards him, be left Koezta to hia fate in the brig, and reported the circumstances to the Ameri- can legution at this lace for instructions. On the 28d, near the same bour ut which Koszta had been peized, three officers of the Austrian brig weat on shoro, in Smyrns, and seated tvewselves umid a crowd of persons on the quay. Among them there was @ young Austrien baron, belonging toa high fawily in Austria, ouly 20 years of age. They were not lovg seated when their presence excited the in- dignation ofthe spectators, aud unfortunately among these were some Italian and Hungarian refugees, who aiwcked them wah their chairs and stools. Ove of them wus struck severely on his head, aud the young baron was stubbed with a small tastru- ment, which probably wa- a pen knife, as the wound Waa pot a severe one However, iv his alurm. he fol( into the eame fea where poor Ko-ata had sought a refage, avd there was drawned. His body was oaly “ound on the following moraing. ‘Tbe third officer, haviog been in citizens dress escaped unharmed. The news of this affair reached this place on the 26th, and the indigoution which it excited among all classes was uot less thau thoee of Sayr- na. It was a source of regret that the only authority which had a legal right to interfere in behalf of Koszta had not felt anthorizedto claim him. The Minister resident of the United Btates was absent from this place on the affair of Dr. King in Greece, and the principal dragomaa of the legation, Mr. Browd, acted a+ Churge d’Affaires in bis absence. Mr. Brown bsiieved that the expatri- ation of Mr. Korzta placed him beyond the jurisdio- tion of Austria; that his arrest was net only illegal, but a violent one, auch as i» made only by pirates and robbers, and that on the neutral soil of Turkey he could only claim the protestion of the government to which he had sworn allegiance.” He had left New York after a residence of two years for a temporary and private purpose. He had not returved to Aus- tria, nor evinced any design of abandoning his inten- tion to become a citizen of the United States. On this account he believed that he could serve the cause of humanity, aud express the ‘eelings of his countrymen at home, by calming Kearse release, and delivering him to the local authority of Smyrna, from wheuce he could preceed back ty New York, where he desired to go. Mr. Browa at once made a strong representation, on the 27th June, in his be- half, to the Austrian Minister, Baron de Bruvk, but received no reply until the evening of the 29th,when he was icformed that Koszta haviog said that he was a@ Hungarian, and being, in fact, a native of that country, was deemed to be an Austrian subject. [a his reply to this answer Mr. Brown gave to the Austrian Minister a copy of Kosgta's deolaration ond cath of allegiance, but received no farther reply until the 34 of July. Notwithstanding this silence, the Austrian Minister, on the 27th, had sont Pe orders to Smyrua, to the Austrian Consul msul, o have Koezta removed at once from the brig to an Austrian steamer of the ares company, and con- veyed to Trieste. Fortunately Capt. Ingraham had already received Mr. Brown's instructions, seut from here op the 28th, and, having learued that the plan was to smuggle Korzta away in the night, he made a formal protest against it, and so us to prevent it, if porsibie, plated the St Louis between the brig of war aud the steamer. News of this fact having come up hereto the Austrian Minister, his letter to Mr. Brown of the 3d Juty was ooly to complain of the hostile attitude assumed by Com. lograham. According to the instructions of the legatioa, the Consul of the United States and Com. Ingraham renewed their demands for the release of M. Koezta. Capt. 1. obtained another interview with him, whea ke declared that he claimed the protection of the American flag; that he had gone to the United States aud there renounced all all ince to any other pow- er or sovereign thon the yonetars of the United States, under an cath of allegiance to it; that he had remained in New York nearly two years, and came out to this country only for a short time, with the ce ee sgain going back to and establishing bhim- self in the United States. Capt. Ingraham, on these facts, claimed Koezta’s release in the name of the re- presentative of his government, at Constantirople, aud gave the Austrian captain three hours in which to give a roply whether he would deliver him or not. In the meantime the guns of tho St. Louis were shotted, and the ctew ready to man them. The Austrian brig did the same, and signalized a schoon- er of ten guns to come near to his succor. Threo Austrian steamers with four guns cach, also prepared for aesistance. Thus forty-two guns were arrayed against the twenty of the St. Louis. All Smyraa was in a commotion. It was expected that an action would soon take place in the port between the Amo- rican vessel and the five A vessels. A crowd of some ten thousand persons collected on the quay, and the excitement was at its height, when a oat was seem leaving the Austrian brig, filled with sol- diers, all armed, and in the midst the unfortunate author of all this agitation, poor Martin Kosata, in chains. This boat was soon joined by another from the St. Louis, and together they See the quay, where the crowd made way for them. Jonvinced that the American commander was de- termined to protect and have Costa from the Aus trian brig, the Austrian Consul consented to release him from his prison, and to give him in charge to the French Consul, who, though not responsible for his person, consented, nevertheless, not to deliver him up except on a eas demand from the Ameri- can and Austrian Consuls, On this arrangement, therefore. Koezta was now, once more, landed on terra firma, which he expected never more to tread when thrust in the hold of the Austrian brig of war. ‘The moment M. Koszta landed on the quay tho French Consul received him in charge. The crowd, excited to the highest pitch against the infamous and brutal eonduct of the Austrian Consul, as if by electricity shouted ovt, “ Long live the American Republic!” “ Lovg live the noble hearted Am can commander, who saved the lite of the unfortu- nate Hungarian.” And then followed groans of deepfelt indignation and execrations for Austria. The French Consul had M. Kosata’s fetters strack oif at once, and placed him in the hospital of his con- sulate, where be received all the aid und care which his case needed. This offhir has elevated the character of our young republic immensely through all Constantinople, a wellas at Smyrna. The conduct of the American anthorities is loudly applauded by all classes of peo- ple. kyen many Anstrians, more humane then their government, loudly applaud the generous im- pulke which saved the life of an inaocent man, against whom there is no other accusation than that of being a Hungarien rebel of 1848, Compliments of the most flattering kind have been paid to Cap- tain Ingrabam in Smyrna. Serenades, dinners, pio- nics, &c., were showered upon him and his officers, and an immense address has heen got up there te the President of the United States, expressive of their admiration of the transaction, which is so much in bedi with the character of the American Ople. we this place, a3 soon as the news came hore, ali the¢Hungarian, Italian and Polish refugees formed en masse, and proceeded with a band of muaic to serenade the American legation. “ Vive Mr. Marsh!" (who returned here on the 5th,) “ Vive Mr. Brown!” Vive the noble Amorican republic and the President of the United States!” was responded to by Vive i'ftalia!"” “ Vive ' Hungaria !” (Italy and ftungary. ) An address to Mr. Marsh is now being signed by the refugees, which, I suppose, will be sent to the Unitee States. Believing you would desire to have a statement of this offhir, [have taken the troubie to inform —— of the proceedings, both from the legation and fro Bayrae, and you may depend upon their acouracy. ‘The officers of the Porte are extre: tifled by what was done in Smyrna. It vindi wellas the Amorican oharacter, and aa Austria is c fo in Se hei on ed Walretivers after (ko poor this noble country ! “Toara thot it was the Austrian government to take ad- position of the Porte to oatoh ry ‘and Italian refugees as possi » OD bat tho affair of Kouzta has put a stop to it. __ TRAVELLER, Our London Correspendence, Lenox, August 5, 1853, cal Aspect of the Turkish Quarrel—A Religious View—American Policy—The New York Exhi- bition—Difference Between a President and a Monarch—Koszta's Seizwre—Kossuth's Grati- tude, &e. There are but few Americans at prosent in this city, the superior attractions of Paris seducing them over from this region of fog and mist shortly after arrivul. Morley's Hotel, Trafalgar square, is the chief resort, and a register is kept there—at tho express office of Edwards, Sendford & Co., and at Mr. Poa body's, registers are also kept. From reference to these various registers it appears that a very great tide of American travel drift through, but leaving rather a small deposit for London. The absence of sunshine, sociality, and out-door amusements, con- tribute to render London rather a triste place for the pleasure-seeking, though objects of great histo- ric interest, and works of every kind worthy of cereful examination, abound. Still it is a slow place, and its peoplo are slow, to the restless intel- lects aud habitudes of our “ fast” people, and Puris sucks them into its glittering maelstrom, from whence they often emerge sadder if not wiser msn. ‘The sevsion of Parliament still keops a fraction of London “in town,’ though “ everybody” is now eaid to be out of it, the season being over. The debates there drag heavily—all parties watching in impute suapenee the final action of “the Russian Auto- crat. The language of the ministera two nights since Lidicates that they are losing both faith and patience in the pacific purposes or intentions of the Czar Nicholas; and in private circles here the de- claration is now freely made that we may s90n ex- pect an explosion in Parliament on this subjoot—the acts of the Autoorat speaking louder thau his words, and the procrastinating policy strengthoning him daily while crippling the allied powora. The opposition have given the ministers rope enough. They wil huul them up with « short tura toon, Private advices from Turkey rapresent the feeling in favor of war there as risiog to fever heat, Mursulman fauaticism aud hatred of Rusaia being thoroughly inflamed; while in Russia the converse obtains—Menschikoff and the popular party being too strong for Nicholas (himself peaceably disposed) to make head against. The probabilities of a poace- ful termination of this quarrel are, therefure, daily becoming more dubious; and the idea that Austria will dare to antagonize with Russia, should the cvl- lision come, of couzse can be entertained by no oue who bas studied the relative positions of those two powers. Nicholas knows that he has les to lose by war than any of tho other powers, and, by accepting terms dictated to him, might more imperil his moral power, now £0 colossal as to make him the match of all the others combined. Let him but fling the torch, and the whole of Europe will blaze with the beacon fires of revolution. His is the only safe despotism on the continent. Even England may well dread the conecquences of increased expenditure, and di- version of her swarming soldiery from keeping guard over the “sister island” and her own subjects at home. Why, you cannot wander over any part of the soil of this “free” country—even among the millions of her capital city—where labor sweata to | afc caste, without being haunted every step yy the presence of the swaggering soldier, or the policeman, who is a civic soldier—not to mention the additional army of ‘‘detectives” (clad in citizen's dress) who saunter along the streets. In these piping times of peace and prosperity this army is required to preserve the peace of the realm. lina- give the juences of increased pressure on 50 trail a fabric, and the simultaneous removal of the strongest props on which it rests. France every one knows to be buta sleeping vol- cano, whore turoes now ever and anon convulse the throne of tho Roar, of bis Uncle. What is the power of poor, divided, discordant, distracted Prus sia, either aggressive or defeusive? And, finally, does any sane man sup) that Austria, with Hun- gary held like a tierce bloodhound in leash by the band of Nicholas, dare do aught thaa obey his bid- Ging, though she may perform a part in this farce ot a negotiation, which Russia has protracted until sbe could subjugate the Danubian principalities, which she has done? Such is the rope of sand which at present holds the Russian bear. That he could break 1 xt any mo- ment if his policy required it is obvious. Whether he will 18 not so ubvious; for, of the real resources of his empire, and the private considerations that sway bim, Europe knows, and can know, nothing, Tuo Gespot keeps his own counsel—he gives buta word and « blow; aod the word follows, never precedes the blow, while universal European Congress prates and palavers. Hence his strength and their weakness, So much for the moral aspect of the question; new forthe physical. Anidea bas gained uni credence that Russia (if left alone) could swallow Turkey like an anchovy; but whence arises that opinion is hard to say. My own idea is that the officious intermeddling of the Protectorate has done more to cripple Turkey than all the power of her arch enemy unaided could have effected. Turkey has physical strength enough—men, and fighting men, in abundance; but she is weak in the chest. Delay to her is consumption. new hour the nogo- tiation is Fecraned with Russia bleeding her and the principalities, and her own levies of troops going on, weakens her energies and strengthens her foe. Tue fanaticism which has sent swarms of Mussulmen to her standard from provinces long estranged beforo would make them fight to the de but will not feed them, and they make further drains on her exhausted breast. Nicholas looks on and laughs, while France and England—like third parties interposing in a fight—bold Turkey’s hands. If a speedy end be not put to this ae the condition of Turkey will be far moro deplorable than if the hurrahs of the Cossack had resounded through the streets of Con- stantinoplo—as once of Paris—and the steeds of the Ukraine been stabled near the Golden Horn. Letthe Powers loosen the hands of both, and in « fair field and fair fight it is very doubtful whether the Turk would not hold his own and drive the Bear back to his own fastnesees. At any rate the duom of the sword would be preferable to that of starvation. Better that the Ottoman Empire should share the fate of Sardenapalus, lighting its own grand funeral pile, than crumble of its own weight, as it may. Strange indeed is it—and a commentary on hu- man hypocrisy—that the sacred name of religion us ade the watchword of this unholy war by the Czar—that toleration should be shown by the Turk, intolerance by the nominal Christian—and the aympathies of the Christian world be 80 decided- I; ‘enlisted on the Mussu!man side. Strange, too, that that mysterions city, on which destruction and deso- lation secm vainly to have set their seal—Jerusalom— —should again be the turning point and pivot of the woild’s destiny, when the sceptre seemingly had departed from Judah forever, and the star of empire westward taken the flight. La its eastern cradle again the solemn draza of man's destiny bears the eyes of the nations. There where in the earlier perisds of the race mighty strides were taken, and there in later days they fre to be renewed. On the question of the Holy Places hinges the future of Europe, Avia, and the world—for the whole world now is united by the #ympathetic cords of commerce and intorcommunt- cation—snapping one link, “tenth or ten thou- sandth,” breaks the chain alike. Some ridiculous rumors of promises of assistance to the Sultan from our President bave been set afloat, and have even found their way into that Sir Oracle, the London Times. in whatever direction our sympathies may incline, I opine our policy in the matter ts too obvious to be mistaken, and no one here believes the tale. Thot every movement of ours is now watched with the deepest interest and jealousy is very obvious, in Geapite of the small encers of the Tres; and it would be idle to pretend that “ Mother” Engiand loves ‘Us Youth.” By the way, the T'mes bas been shamed into making an awkward amendé for ita most mean and unfair attack on the American Exhibition and the eloquence of our public men. In yesterday's issue it is highly evlogistic of the cir- culars of intrections isaued by our Secretary of State, and commends the executive portions of them espe- cially to British imitation. This, from that source, is the very highest possible enlogium. What, Queen Victoria's mipota imitate the example of ‘ Mr, Pierce's” unlicked fellow-citizens, whose want of obsequious deference contrasts so strongly with the servile loyalty of free-born Britons, whose spines arch involuntarily at the approach of royalty or its caudal extremities! “ Imposs, im as Dr. Mendora would say, ‘The Thunderer’’ must bo nodding or beery to hint auch Lae sce to the denizens of Cookaigne and residonts of May Fair. tives, in the cases of Koasta and his colleague at | dew ne qwhich isto say, profound lmproaen , “yent to sake ong of them ia the brig-of-war to | fo are ena “ American it” is deoidediy at a premiam im conseguence. The reports gated. titnde taken by our minister, Mr. Marsh, lao kare hands, aud hatigall 5 we want em, ; mex there, who are entitled to the protectioa ESCA MASTERS RASA bATO: I Austria has been get up strong aqualls on ¢ Hungarian cages; but the single-headed American eagle is more than a matoh for the double headed bird of Austria, vulturelike in its instinets and propensities. The remains of Hupgary in our keeping at least we can and must preserve from the beak and talons of that obscene bird. While, however, the whole of liberal Europe is echoing with plaudits over Ame- rican intervention for the protection of the persecut- ed patriota, a raven-like croak of jous censure comes from one who was (but, alag, is no louger) one of the leaders and champions of that forlorn hope. From his safe retirement and obsourity in this city Louis Kossuth is understood to pen those silly and spiteful diatribes against America aud Americans which wondering Americans here have seen published in a New 2th ea whose editor aj tly admita their authorship, and de- fends thelr author from the merited chastisement tae bt aot jor A Pleat Mf ar Abid apart from that vanity grown nig a Bouse) would uot indicate such pa Paes ebip, for they are feebler far than any of the avowed wri of Kossuth, and breath 4 spirit of sour selfishness and impotent rage as painful to contem- plate as the effurta of a caged jackall or hyena. Even those Americans who, before his coming and his short-comings, admired Louis Kossuth, the mun, admitted before. he left the country taat he was a man of words and not of deeds; a talker, not am actor; a mouthpiece, not a hand or head of a revolu- tion; in short, a shadowy Lamartine, with leas 2 Mgt Face oratory than the. French rocket, But later revelations have shaken confidens ia him yet more, of his ability to aid any cause, und of the temper which he brings to it. Que after another his companions bave disowned him—cven those wio have shared his exile—aud lately even the devoted Palzaky has been forced from hia sido, solemnly re- nouncing further ideptificotion with him or his plans. Marzini, too, baa beon compelled to break with bim, and the ««-Governor now standsin a po tidon of utter and ab-olate isolation. Analyzing the letters in the New York paver purporting to pro- ceed from him, the “bald dijointed chat” which constitutes their staple, (borrowed chieily from the radical correepoudence of the liberal Papers.) would uot ex ite any emotions in American minds, were it not tor the antmus they exbibit—a very bad and un- grateful ove, to say the least of it. The worst inipn- tations of his worst enemies could not have done Koesuth or his cause half the injory with patriotis Americans thet these letters have dove; aud the reatest marvel is, that such stale stuff xbould have four'd an American retailer. Is it because a demo cratic administration and its officers are assailed, that these libellous and splens at productiona are voided on an American public, throug an Amecican me- dium, to the mortification and disgust of Americans sbroad, when their attention is culled to it by Eaglish- men, wondering No: that it is so rich or rare, But bow the d—l it got there? The times are certainly ont of joint when such foreign intervention is invited by conservative whigs iu American affaira, and our public men lectured and abused by the fagitive chief of a purty,cousist- ing of himself and his publisher only. tit enough of so small a subject—a mischievous gnat, which hes buzzed and stung the body poiitic to some purpose- irritating where policy required to soothe. If Americau sympathy for Hungary should wane Louis Kossuth and his New York backer ma; take the oredit of it. Your flagellation, it is hoped, me shame them into silence if not into apology. spite of the caustic comments of the Lordon Times on the opening of the Exhibition, the speech- es of our chief magistrate and hts constitutional ad- visers have produced a very favorable impreasion on the English mind. The outspoken directue:s of Meeers. Davis and Cushing on the policy of tho country have especially startled John Bull, whose dreams now are equally baunted by the Russian hear and American eagle. When that bird swoops down from the heights where it »‘towers in ita pride of place,” all the beasts ot the old ark may expect to loze a little wool, Strong bands now hold the Ame- can helm ot State, and in view of the ability which characterises thia administration, every American abroad lovks back with equal pride and’ pleasure on his country, and bids a hearty God speed to Frank Pierce, bis oabinet, and that constitution which made them what they are, aud the United States what it is and will be. An Amunican. Our Paris Correspondence, Paris, August 4, 1853. Revolutionary Ceremonies-—Imperial Levees, Mourn- ing, Dinners, and Theatricals— Foreigners Pre- sented—Political State of France—Post Office Espionage—Hor» it's Managed—Wil it Affect the Herald?—The Spanish Ex-Qucen—A Tre, mendous Money Operation—Sentence of Colonel Verier—Our Flag in Swizerland —The Oriental Dispute—The American Consulate. ‘The ceremony in honor of the dead of the revolu- tion of 1830 came off on the 30th ult., by special per- mission of the government, at the Churoh of 8t. Mar- tin de Roole, but I am bound to say that it was au utter failure. There were scarocly a hundred poo- ple present in the church, and, indeed, it was too much for the commemoration of such a regretable event, by which a king, who had never committed any attempt against his subjects, was turned oat, with ignominy, to make roomfor Louis Philippe, whose reign, followed by a would-be-republic, and then by the most tyrannical power, that of Napoleon IU. ‘This makes me remember tho well known fable of sop :—“The frogs seeking a king.” It was nothing less than a humbug—a hoax plotted against the liberties of France. The Emperor and Empress are at St. Cloud, hold ing their levees in the most retired and als» in the more solemn style. One evening they remain alone, or in the company only of a few intimate friends. Anotber day they receive large numbers of princes, ambassadors, diplomats, litterateurs,&c. They havo been keeping on mourning, owing to the notification of the death of the Grand Duke Charles Frederick de Saxe Weimer, for six days; but this mourning did not prevent the Chief of the State giving a grand party at St. Cloud on Friday last, which was preced- ed bya grand dinner, and followed by a theatrical performance, in which the actors of the Comedie Frangaige represented ‘Le Maria la Campagne,” apley by Bayard, which elicited much applause This féte de campagne was quite brilliant, and all the guests had been requested to appear in costume. All the ministers were preseat, iucluding Mr. Drouyn de l'Huys, despite the poor state of his eyes, and Marshal de Arnault, who has not yet totally recover- ed from his last sickness. Among the otber distin- guished persons were the Queon Christina and her two daughters, the Duke of Rianzares, Prince Jerome Napoleon, hia son Buouaparte, Princess Matuilde, the Duke and Duchess of Albe, the Prince of Hesse, ote. The Duke of Albe wore the grand cordon of the legion of honor, which had been given to him by the Emperor by special favor. When the comedy was over, the company retired to the salooas, where a epleadid collation had been prepared. Soveral am- baseadors had requested the Emperor to allow them to have the honor to present a lew of their country- men snd countrywomen, avd whilst the compauy was partaking the delicacies offered to them Cowley and Mr. de Kettsleif made the piese joa of their rationaus, among whor I will mention the Covntess Xulerdji, niece to Count de Nessolrode, and Moe. ‘Adolphe Barrot, wife to tho ambassador of France in Belgium. About twenty Amoricans had requested the Charge d’ Affuires of the United States to procure them the plew aad honor of be- ing admitted in presence of the c| of the State, but it reems it was too much troable to take, and their demand was left aside, without any answer. Neverthelese, a number were presented, aad among them I will mention Mr, aad Mrs. Ridgeway, Mr. Corbyo and ladies, and Mr. Moulton. ‘Tbe other diplomats of foreign nations presented many of their conntrymen. Marshal Narygeg was present, ns well as Vely Bashaw, Ambaseador of the Sublime Porte. J am told that Prince Jerome intends giving, during the next winter, a series of feres, to which the literary people of France will all be admitted. The journey of the Hmperor and Empress to Pau and the Pyrenées is postponed to another time. The preparations which were made to receive tho impari- al guests have been countermanded, whilst the up- holsterers aud other gorkmen have received orders to prepare the Trianon, and to have tho palace ready 88 SOON 88 PO gible. The po ical state of France is quiet in appoar- Gace, h ] have private intelligence that the se. cret * c‘otles are at wort ewt leo querems quem there | in uk prison; the ctor book for good” or bad conduct, to sorited to by their masters—in which bames, christian names, place of business, of service ure to be inscribed. This is te say, that the intention of the government is to immen-e “net of investigation,” by whioh all the fervants will become spies at their sorviee, ready to give the police all possible infurmation against their masters What next The Cabinet Noir is in full activity, at the general direc'ion of the Post Office Department, and 1 have heard items about it which are wort boing mide known to the American public. All the employes of this office, who have for their occupation the ot of letters written by men who are of being enemies to the goverument, belong to the same family, and marry among theaxelves, This of- fice is aivided into two sections—one for umseal ing and sealing the letters. No one caa imagine how admurably the employés are doing their work. There are preparations ready to take the form of the seal, which becomes herd enough to be u+ed as staurps; « box of wafers, and sealing wax of all descriptivos and colors, The other seotion bas for ita object the reading and copying of letters, ‘Tho employé of that office only communicates with the Po-tmuster General, and thie bigh fauctiouary with the Emperor alone. Since Charles X., the black cabinet had beou suppressed, but, lately, this vile spy busivess has again gone into effsot, and this ia ie reason why 60 miavy arrests have lately boon made. Till pow my letters tothe New Yore Harawp have not been opencd, but it is possible tust the recret of their contents might be discovered, aud then I do not kuow if they will be allowed to go to New York. Much gostip is entertained here about the pro- jected visit of Queen Christina, of Spain, to Clare- mont. The ex-Queen is now the guest of Lous Napoleon. In a few days she will be seated at the table of the D Orleans family. What has been the conversation of the Emperor with Christina? What will he that of Prince de Joinville aud brothers with her? It would be curious to know, In the financial world, Mr. Mirés, the rich baoker, who made bis fortune st the Bourse, and who ia at- rector of the “railway newspapers,” bas cresiod wa immense excitement with his proposal to buy all the obl.yzstiona of ibe bank of financial credit of Mar- Feilles, which it is calculated will amount to 24,000,000 franca, M. Mirés will pay six millions in cash, aud the other eighteen millious by instal- ts of four millions a year, until the extinotion of the debt. Lt fs said that thie operation will produce an immense benefit to the stockholders. ‘The wedding of the Duke of Brabant, the royal heir of Belgium, witb the Archduchess Maria Hon- netta, will take place on the 10th inst. (b proxy) at Vienna. The bride will be received st the fronwiers on the 20th by her fiancé, and the marriage will be celebrated on the 26th inst. The sentence upon the fate of the late insurgés of Fribourg was rendered last week by the jury. Colouel Serrder, the ourate pillar jonara. Jean Carrurd, Morard, Joseph, Jacques Perroud, and Jean Marchon, leaders of the insurrection, have been de- clured guilty of high treason, and sentenced, the two first to thirty years banishment out of I'rauce, and the others to five years tmprisonment. The otuer insurges, one huuared and thirty eight in number, pane been declared not guilty, and to liberty. ‘At the annual shooting at match at Lucerne, dis- graceful affair took pluce,in which tbe name of America bas been involved. A tailor and # black- smith had the idea of taking to the spot where the auise an fete wos held, a flag of the United States, which they presented to the committee, as if it had beea tent to them by the city of New York, expressly for the occasion. ‘This fable was accepted, without com- ment, on the first day, and the flag of the Swiss re- eee was placed side by side with the aaeee uner;’’ but on the next day, the falseh being known, tho Umted States flag was thrown upon the floor and so'led by those passing by. This report heeds no comment. At Naples the utmost excitement is prevailing about the arrest ordered by the King, and the iu- pediments made to the progress of civilization. The correction made also by the Catholic priest against thoee who refuec either to go to vonfeasion or to re- ceive the sacrament of communion, is extreme. It is generally fcased that a revolution in favor of the Murat family, would have many chances, But such a yevolution would be as anomalous as it could be. Why change a bad king to have another worse? While King Albertof Piedmont was on board of a steamer, returning from Spezz'a to Genoa, froma sen excureion, the steamer struck on a rock and was wrecked. Fortunately, the crew ond all those on board were rescued by otber ships. It is feured that a serious dispute will take place between the Pope and the government of Portugal, on account of the Patrouat of Goa, which was graat- ed to Portngai iu gratitude for the services rea- dered by her kings tochristendom. But it wus understood that the mission would be kept perma- pent by the care of the goverament. These obliga- tions bave been accomplished with all the required care until the reign of Donna Maria; but then the destruction of couvents rendered it impossible, and then the Pope hiraself sent the missionaries to a Portuguese possession. Hence came the anger of Portugal, and the Pope seeing the resistance of tho Bishops, has launched a bref against them = Imme- diately the Chamber of Deputies has declared that the Bishaps bad deserved the praise of the country, It is said that the nuncio of the Pope was tu ae maud his passports, and declare the kingdom in the interdiction. The Russian and Tarkish difficulties are still un- settled, and no one can tell what will be the issue of that inextricable question. At St. Petersburg the offuir seems to be ona footing of war, whilst at Consens oe everything leads tothe belief that the Sultan, fAbd-ul-Medjid, has but tho desire to kee, the peace. Nevertheless, the standard of Mahomet, which is.only unfolded on groat occasions, was hoisted on the 15th ult.,and the Egyptian fleet, composed of seventeen men of war, and having fifteen thousand men, is en route for Constantinople, and was duly expected at the Couronne D'or, to take position side by side with the Turkish ficet in the Bosphorus. The troops were to bo landed on the Adriatis shores, and thas, after afew weeks quar- antine, to be directed to Schumla. The Russian fleet is omnert in the Baltic sea, of forty-five men-ofwar and thirty frigates. The Duke Constantine is the great admiral, but ho has four other admirals under bis control. Iu short, this state of hesitation and incertitude {4 absurd, and must be decided either by a eful arrangement or by a declaration of war. The private aim of Hnpe r Nicholas is to obtsia from Turkey that its dominion wiil not be fully opened to exiles and refugees for politics, Why not say so at once, instead of resort- ing to £0 many subtertuges? ‘ine affair of Koszta is not yot entirely settled. ‘The prisover is still in the hands of the Consul of France, but it is hoped that he will be giveu up to the United States authorities. Among the distinguished Spaniards who are now residirg in Paris, | will mention Mr. Martinez Oresus de la Rosa, Dr. Manvel Cortina, General la Hucra, and Mr. Dorrenti, whose names are well known among the diplomatists. ‘The Prussian authorities bave been lately making difficulties with thore of their couutrymen who, after a sojourn in the United States, having taken the preliminary steps to become citizens of a free country, return home for their business, with a pass instead of a passport. It is desirable for those who are travelling in that position, that they should pro- curs themselves a genuine passport, or they will encounter seme trouble, Mr. Goodrich,the ex- American Coven! in Paris, Jeft France yesterduy morning, ou board the steamer Hurbolat, fo: Jnited States, leaving his family in Paris, it being bis intention to return here ina few weeks. His succoseor ia the consulate, Mr, MclRtea, arrived in Paris four days ago, and is now much ocenpied Meter out for apartmeots Mr. Chese, the able chancellier, ia kept in the sawe position by Mr. McRae, which has been much ap- sreciated by all the American and French persons aving daly interviews with the consulate. Mr. Goodrich will continue to reside in Paris for some time, devoting himeel! to literary pursuits, Tho d Golignant’s Messenger, speaking of Mr. b's voyage and his leaving the consulate, have highly spoken of him. The Secle, speaking of “Peter ey's” works, calis Mr. Goodrich the Berquin nerica. AMPRICANS IN PAS. W. E Jobostoa. M.D., Ohio, = Eliaa L Simpson NewYork, LP, C. With Winchester, Dyor Amen, Cooneotiont, Ti P. Com Ti. H Hayden. do, ING J. Bont, hte le, B, Hanwell, Phiiadelphia, THE TURLISH QUESTION, P NISCELI.ANEOUS AQQOUNTS. ter fro states 4, UN Ps the conmand of Mehoruet Pacha, had arrived from the Blabk E fu} i B rf se project of arrangement nople to Vienua on the *tipolates that the Emrecror of expres a0 formal right to make represent nO, iw ambassador at Constantinople, of Chala rn Torey. “ : A letter from Bt. Petersburg, of the 24th the Paria Patrie, eays:—“The evening the Emperor gave a grand fete at his Hennitage. On this ion the anil France and Englaud, it was remarked jects of particular attention from his A letter from Vienna says :—“ We leara from aeaninepla tae on the 16th there was a eld on the chip of Admiral Dandea, bo tween the Jest admit a anaes age he the Turkish Ravy,on the subject of find! a ter anchorage for the fleets than that at Bertha. If this conference hua produced apy result, there will be probably @ momapech anes the vessels, but quite unosamested. wil The W eter of ieee: satan Sat the Tarke overpment has hibited the export fi — om Roumelia, aa a scarcity begins to be A letter from Trieste. of the 23d ult., borg Gaede, eays:—“Chortly after the pre, ey 4 two Austrian frigates at Smyrna, the licutenaat uf thm American corvette St. Louls went on board to salts Cuptain Bourgignon in the name of bis capt ’ ing, as on exoure for the latter, tuat he wag pes in bed. The Austrian commander ex yi ia regrets, apd his strong desire to speak te te. cap'ain. The lieutenant, after numerous subtee fuges, gave a half promise todo so, aud leit, Seare> ly had he vetwrwed on board his own vessel, than tee sates pemabanehenencd sailed A no doutt in oii ‘0 spare the Amerioan in ain of bang (iged to justify hem in the yee Of @ mon af honor "Pt! ‘The Berlin correspondent of the London Moreiag: Chrcmtcle, writing Mpon 2a instant, ys = U EF it hai i . Then, as regards Circassia, let it be asked if the issue cf the negotiations ut Vienua and OCoastum@. bople will not wwftluence the destinies ot that count Is it not nstural that the Circassian obiefs, that the Sultan is placed de fucio at the feet of Bam sia, should consider their clanc+s of resistance ms terinlly diminished, and that they shuuli ere tog reek to enter into arrangements with, or cast theme selves uncorditionally into the arms of Ruasie® Thix may be considered of lite im sortaace t> Bag- land. A bair or two more added ty the l'on's mane may be a trifling addit.on in the eyes of those who gre purblind; but it requires no great powers of a cond sigit to foreree tat if Circassia surcender, the door into Asia Minor is opened, «ud that twemt years would not elapse ere the Russian limits pow f encircle nearly the whole of the eastern aide of tie Black Sea, dcwn to the very Bosphorus itseif, Aw for Ccunt Nesselrode’s dectaration that Rusda eas already too vast, that must ve tuken as a mere form of rhetoric, Meantime the Eastern question affords fine food tor the caricaturists of this place. Ktadsar datch (the Punch of Berlin) bad one of the-e serio tures ip its Sunday edition. England, represented by a brawny-looking personage, bearing an anchor ue symbol of his calling and eons Wapsloon Tie & personage intended to represent ‘ap’ are mounted on the box of a carriage drawn hy ip prancing steeds, which they are driving, with ore: neck speed, intoa morass. Behind stands a thing individual, in the uniform of an Austrian, who urges them forward. Inside is a fourth person, the Sul bis turban falling off, and he, in a terrible state alarm, begging them to hold hard. Some ute Turks are vainly seeking to stup the evolutions the wheels, In the distance is a Cossack, upon commanding ground, and laughing with all migbt. Whether there be any just grounds for dia exhibition of Bertin wit will soon be proved. The Constitutionnel gives the following sccoun® of the Russian army, from a source which it consideme to be authentic:— ‘The Ruasian army is divided into the troops on sa tive service, the recerve, and the local troops. Thea tive army, of which See oe ee at Warsa in composed of eighteen divisions of intantry, orfr: ‘216 to 262. men; of six divisious of or 28,000 men; of seventy-two batteries of foot lery, or 12,960 men and 864 pieces of cannen, endl of tix batteries of mounted artillery, 720 men emi forty-eight cannon. The whole force of the asters army dves not, consequectly, altogether make up $00,000 men, with 912 pieces of canuon. The ressewe is composed of the body guard, the colonised diers, two colonized corps of cavalry, and of tae filth and sixth depot battalians of the tofantry rege ments. The whole force of the body om colop'zed grenadiers is 96,000 men and 320 pieces uf cannon; the forco of the two colomzed bodies of ow valry is 24.000 men ad forty pieces of cannon; aste the torce of fifth and aixth battalions of infsatry be longing to the reserve, it is almost impossible to aa certain it with any certainty, as these battalions amp only destined in ce: tain measure to fill up the vee ceancies which occur in the regiments ofthe line im the time of a campaign or of forced maroke, The total pumber of the infantry regimens being 120, there would 240 reserve bat. talions, or about 210000 foot eoldicrs, if tam battalions were complete; but, as iey are eeu stantly sending thelr men to the regiments to whiok they belong, their existence 1s rather nominal thaa effective. It would be too nich, in fact, to say tat tbis port of the reserve amounts to 120,000 mea, i we put down that amount for the purpose of eale tion; and then there will be a total force of the reserve of 240,000 men aud 360 pieces of Gauiuie ‘The local troops are the corps of the Caucasus, com poecd of three divisions of infantry and twelve amt. teries of foot artillery; that of Finland, with fous battalions; that of Orevbourg,’on the frontier of Torkastan, with four battalions; and that of Stvoming, with four batteries—in all from,72,000 to 84,000 mem and 268 pieces of cannon. ‘tthe regular army of Russia, therefore, contists of 30 divisions, or 120 wents of infavtry, and of 15 divisions, or 60 ments of cavalry, aud counts, at most, with the re serve and the Sono, 628,000 men and 1,540 ro] of capnon, to which muss be added from 30, te 60,000 Cossacks of various denominations, with thei lig&t artillery, as well as the interior guard and endarmerie. Out of that number there caa disposed of in Eurepe only the active army, bee guards, the adiers, and the two reseumm bodies of cavalry—in ali 420,000 men, 72,000 hom, pre 1,272 ean a considerable are bs it not greater than others e first-rate poqems can bring into the field in time of war. A correepondent of the London Times writeae Constantinopis, July 21, 1853. The hospodars have announced officially the im terruption of their relations with the Porte; moreover, that they are unable to remit the five mi- lions due at this date, in consequence of orders to tha effect. This, then, is the inanguration of Russi sovereignty in the Sultan’s dominions, and whick endure moet probably ad calendas Gracas, if vem indge from the Czar‘s utter contempt of the law public opinion of all Bui Prince Vogorides, the Moldavian chargé slime a I i has been also deprived of his office aud emol This venerable old patriot is now in his calm at Arnaut-kol, and enjoying, it is to be hoped, tm pleasures of literature in the midst of his famiy asl The wrath of the Czar will not affbot hime muc Foreign Miscellany? An important railway, fifty German iy and which will anite Hagen, Siegen, Belzdort, © sen, Devz, Welzlar, and Ebrenbreitgen, has jastteam conceded to an English company by the Prusiam government, with a inane of the minigum intes= est of 85 per cent, he congress of the rallway die rectors assembled at Berlin have decided on the adop- tion of a new and more moderate tariff for the tana port of merchandise. The Alsacien says:—* The Strasburg line of rel way is being completed. Throughout the whole of the principal line from Paris to Strasburg a double Nine of rails has been laid down since the begiuniag of July, and now men are engaged in laying dowa a double line from Metz to Forbach. The ane was authorized to preserve a single line of rails om that section as long a3 the gross recelpta did nes exceed 15,000 francs per kilometre. That amount ef receipts having been passed, and the circulation mT menting every day, the Board of Directors dest on Jaying down the secoud line, which is now being done.” ‘The special exhibition of the works of the artis who obtained medals at the Salon of Paris in thie year, opened on the 4th inst. The twenty-two eas toons executed by M. Chenavard, and forming pass of the fifty-three Intended for te decoration of the Pantheon, form part of this exhibition. The Davish and Swedish squadrons united ander the orders of Admiral Crasenstulpe, was at Hirlsbetaa a few weeks ego, and were about to proceed inte > 3 Beit. Prince Oscar of Sweden was in command one of the Swedish vessels. ‘The crows were in eo 2d alt. “After am: A letter from Athens, 22d nlt., saya:— absence of seventy-three days, the Queen ariel here on the 17th. ‘As soon as the King heard of thm arrival of her Majesty he ae be Med og Pn by the ministers, sv’ e = bao the Chambers, ‘The Pireus was iinminateds ‘A letter from Crete states that the Greek journals: which arrived by the English steamer Ngee the English consul and ded. over to the: ry local word oleae ahorred