The New York Herald Newspaper, August 12, 1853, Page 4

~~ JAMES GC,/RBON BENNETT, PROT ARIFTOR AND EDITOR, rrr OFFICE N. W. LOMNKK OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. enn TRE Dar, ALD, 2 censa pet cupy—Si per annua THE W'GRRVY HERALD. cncry Stourany” at oer copy $3 per annum; the European eats canum to Grout Brwiin ‘kad’'$5 00 ony pert of ” ettocat both We arlode ths postage =. ae Voems THI» #VENING. CASTLYKGASPEN —Banure oy Sxvmsx. BOWSRY THEATKK bowery-My Poon Doc Taay— Wasap Qoees- Don Jean, STRLOS, Brosdway—Ticur Rops—GRawv Diverrise- wart PocmaLuMEAy, RURTON'S THETK Chambers etree’ “amp Jane Nov: 6s—a Cartrar aaron—Se RAPrines ar. WaTIONal THEATRE. Chatham street -Uxore Tom's Oran LES THEATRE Bowery—Mionrone Hour = comms orves Kxoimext [svisiner PRiNcR, U+eU—atterneen—Boone CritpRen aarRican Uses Ur. EB MADISUN 5 VENO%-atterncon and Evening—Paas ears Coveess HireopsomE "s AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brosaway ASSIST Wanoors nv Gunner's Ovens PRovre WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musica) Hall, 444 Broad- way Erenopian Miners cusy. BUCKLFY’S OPERA HOUSE, 639 Brosdway—Bvox- say's Bruorian Opens TROUPE, GRORAMA, 595 Broadway -Paxcnama o» rR= Hoxy feanr. j HOPE CHAPEL, 718 Droadway—Frankensrem’s Pa- Wokaws OF Niasans ACADBMY HALL, “3 Groadway—Asoxnr or Kowr Busse RYENISH GALLERY, 663 sreadway -Day ard Evening. Wew York, Friday, August 12, 1853. Tne News, The Africa, from Liverpool, arrived at this port early yesterday morning, bringing files of the English eurnals dated down to the 30th of July, as well as qhe latest continental advices. Another three days lad passed, and the Eastern qnestion was as compli- cated asever. The English cabinet had not vouch- safed ny explanation of the intentions of tre govern- ment to Parliament ; and the people were, in conse- quence, daily and hourly ag'tated by the most con- icting reports. Inquiry in either branch of the Le- gislature was generally biinked by a sort of diploma- ey which appears a little disingenious, but which is pardoned by the representatives on account of their sincere desire for peace. Newspaper writers in the Rassian intérest, epeak of the offer of many concessions by the Porte govern- ment, whilst the reply of the Sultan to the Neasel- rode circular, dated July 14, is so firm, although wild, that it would lead us to suppose that he was fully determined to maintain the integrity of his do- minions. In the meantime, the forces of Nicholas eccupy the principalities, and the great question ap- pears to be,“ Will they evacuate them?” It does not appear likely they will, until either Turkey perishes by delay, or her powerful friends strike a redeeming blow for her. It was expected that the approach of winter would soon compel a movement of the combined fleets, which would be to leave Besi" ka Bay, if their commanders did not wish to be fro. ge up. It was said that the Austrians were endeavoring to induce the Servians to keep away from Omer Pasha’s camp, and thus wrest another portion of the Sultan’s authority from him, by preventing the obe- @ience of his tributaries. Another Hungarian bad claimed the shelter of our government at Smyrna, which was afforded him, to ‘be increasing chagrin of Austria. Very extensive arrests for political offences had been made at Vienna; whilst the most serious fears ‘were entertained of an outbreak in Italy, owing toa @eficient supply of corn, and the precarious state of health of the Pope. Advices from China state that the rebels had takea -Amoy, and afferded a friendly protection to all fo- veiguers. An attempt to retake the city, by the troops of the Emperor, was said to have failed. A general ccnvulsion of the empire was reported ag probable. Our shipping and mercantile intelligence are of the latest dates, and published in this paper. By our news from Central America, extending upto the 15th of July, it will be seen that hostilities have at length commenced between the two republics of Honduras aud Guatemala. and that the troops of the former, commanded by President Cabaias in person. were repulsed in their incursion to Chiqnimula, one of the frontier towns, and suffered a complete rout. Whis check may serve todampen the ardor of the auvaders. We received files of papers from Barvadoes yes- terday evening, dated down to July8. They do not contain any news more important than what we published in the extended West India summary of the Hexatp of Thursday morning. One of ovr special Washington correspondents ‘writes that no official information has yet been re- weived concerning the rumored agreemeut between England and Spain for the abolishment of slavery on the island of Cuba. Should this ramor prove to be well founded, of which there is little doubt, it is un- derstood that Gen. Pierce's administration will take strong ground in opposition to the extraordinary acheme, which, if carried out, would tend to throw the Southern portion of this Union into anarchy and eonfusion. The extraordinary claims of Lord Stirling to the @Asheries, appear to be creating as much conversation im Washington as in this city. Late advices from the small towns of New Brans- swick.and Nova Scotia declare that the inbabitaats are clamorous for the removal of the restrictions upon the fisheries. They are anxious tor the resto- ration of the trade between themselves and the Yan- kee fishermen. It is denied that any fisbiag vessels have sailed from down east ports armed with other weapons than muskets and boat hooks, which they always have on board. Hon. J. W. Ligon has been nominated for Gover nor, by the Maryland Democratic Convention. We understand that a company of New Yorkers have recently made another large pare! of coa Jands near Cumberland, Md. It is gratityiug to ob serve t§t, since the settlement of the difficulties about wages between the workmen and their em- ployers, in most of the mines, coal is coming more freely into market, and the prospect of an adequate supply for winter use, at moderate rates, is now very Mattering. A statement bas been made, and pretty generally circulated, that Mr. J. F. Folsom is the owner of ta building lately leased to the United States fora custom house in San Francisco. We are authorized to contradict the report, and also to state that Mr. Folsom sold out his entire interest in said building wpwards of two years ago. Three men were fatally and several others slightly injured by the explosion of a steam boiler in a fur- mace dt West Trey yesterday morning. We have still another fatal railroad accident to record. A train’ going from Cumberland to Balti- more ran off the track yesterday afternoon, killing the fireman, seriously injuring the engineer and ano. ther person, and smashing the engine and two or three of the cars. The coroner's jury in the case of the fatal collision on the Camden and Amboy road, las: Tuesday, have rendered a verdict throwing 2) Dlame spon the conductor and engineer on the train from this city, and completely exculpating the com pany, and the oflicers of the train from Pailajel phia. In another columa we give an account of the Danish serenade to the sloop-of-war Saga, It is in- teresting to see this feeling manifested hy our adopted eitizens towards their brethren when they come to our shores. ‘The sudden excersive heat of the weather during +e twe days past, bas proved fatal w many a poor aborer, who, wiovnseivus of the danger, remained at work, exposed to the intense rays of the sun, until dropy.ing insensible from its effects. Within the last forty-eight hours over ten persons have been struck down by the heat, out ef which number eight have proved fatal. There are, no doubt, a great many other eases of coup de soleil, which at present have not come under the cogn'z+nce of the public authori- ties, and may not for a day or two, a8 it is frequently the cage that persons struck by the rays of the sun, linger some time before congestion of the brain fully sets in, thereby termina‘ing in death. ‘A large amount of business was transacted by the Board of Assistant Aliermen last evening, nearly sixty papers being disposed of, The report of the election districts, which was read by the clerk, passed by a vote of fifteen to one. One thousand copies were ordered to be printed. The Board adjourned to the first Monday in September. The steamboat A. C. Price, on her return trip from Shrewsbury last evening, saw a large ship strikiog on the Romer Shoal about half-past five o'clock, but could not discover any further particulars, being too far from her. To-day’s inside pages contain the closing proceed- ings of the National Scientific Convention ; Letters from Pennsylvania and a Down-Bast Cooling-off Place ; poetry on the celebrated trotter, Lady Saf folk, and much other entertaining reading, to which we have no rocm to refer particularly. Sale of Mount Vernon—Manifestations of Pab- he Opioion—Plans of Pascuase fuc tne Peo- pie—Dury of Congress. The articles of this journal and of others, re~ cently published, deprecating the reported transfer of Mount Vernon to a company of speculators, have had the good effect of eliciting, in every quarter of the Union. the in- dignation of the American people against this alleged outrage upon public opinion, national rights, and national honor. We presume that we have heretofore fairly stated the case of Mr. John A, Washington, the present proprietor of Mount Vernon. and grand. nephew of the Father of his Country. This nephew inherits the estate through the will of his uncle. In this character, and in the position of trustee of the place, sacred evermore to lib- erty, to law and order, we doubt not that Mr. Wasbivgton properly appreciates the full extent of his private and public responsibility. Res- pect for the sacred name of Washiagton— respect for the obligations to the dead and the living of the family—self-respect—and a sense of duty to the public sentiment of the country. and the general opinion of mankiad of all nations, civilized or savage, we be- lieve the present estimable proprietor of Mount Vernon entertains. We believe— in fact, from some personal observations and knowledge in the premises, we know—that Mr. Washington feels the alternative which has been forced upon him of parting with Mount Ver- non, as be should feel it; that is, he feels it to be a painful and humiliating necessity. But so itis. The estate, financially, does not pay. Ithas, in a measure. impoverished its pos- sessor. Reduced, by partitions, from the fruitful and beautifully cultivated domain of George Washington, numbering its thousands of acres, hills and valleys, uplands and lowlands, fields and forests. to some two or three hundred acres more or less. of the exhausted land among the poor highlands of the Potomac, and with a dis- proportionate colony of slaves attached to it, the place of course, cannot pay expenses. The constant throngs of visiters from all parts of the Union, and all parts of the world, however constitute, perhaps. the most serious drawback to the proprietor ; and considering all the cir- cumstances of his situation, we may find a rea- souable justification for the conditional sale to a private company of speculators, to which he has been driven. The condition of the traasfer which retains to Congress the refusal of the es- tate, is, at all events,a saving clause to the credit of Mr. Washington. Notwithstanding this, we are gratified at the expressions of public opinion which have been recently developed concerning the classic and consecrated acres of Mount Vernon. We think they afford a guaranty that the mansion where dwelt and died, the “ first in war the first in peace, and the first in the hearts of his country- men,” shall not be desecrated to the purposes of a common drinking establishment; but that Mount Vernon, when it ceases to be under the protection of the Washington family, shall be- come the property of the American people for alj time; The speculators who have taken the initiative. we are thus assured, will be super" seded, under the reservation in their coatract ofa refusal upon the same terms to Congr which, it is reported, cover but the paltry sum of two hundred thousand dollars. Among the recent plans for the public ac- quisition of Mount Vernon, the 2 two which we are induced to notice, from their being im- mediately before us. The first is by a gentle- man of Ohio—(in a letter to the MWVutional In- telligencer)—a {gentleman of Ohio, aad yet a bigoted, hide-bound Native A would excite a spirit of rancor among the masges of the people in a narrow- minded and wicked monopoly of the home and the grave of Washington. He proposes to be— “* #* * * One of two hundred t pledge themselves to,raise one thousand dol (no one to give more or Je=3), on on the tenth day of January, | to be paid in as the parties um perty and its sacred rem io the people of the Uni to be under the control of the government of the United states so long as the government shall remain a republica goversmgenty He adds:—“ And now I p self as Ge 3 be@wo hundred, to raise one thousand dollars Jor @e above sacred purpoge; hat on con- Cition tat te remaining one handr@ a nine sbh@ be American born and tras i that no Young America shal! hige pa matter, neither foreign or AmerRan That plan will, of course, be iadBnanWy re- pudiated by all true native born Qmeri¢ans. Lafayette, Kosciuski. Montgomery P&l Jones, and a host of other alien bora patriots, givadto |, who nd hostility red by de our adopted citizens a right, dating behind the constitut toacommon interest in the ashes of © Pater Patria.” : The second proposition dpes emanate from a It is embodied i g extract from the Boston Times, s that it has received _“ Copies of a cor F. Shepard. of tt rett and Abbott Lawrence of Mount Vernon estate. a fund of $250,000 b : lar each, to purchas ¥ intendent, &c. Mossra, ? be proposition well worthy consideration “but,” sa “the subje to which country at |: jealousy the prominent ac The plan is feasible. a Of individuals. The money could thus be raised in an hour; but Messrs. Ever and Lawrence are right. The country will be apt to “regard with some jealousy the prominent action of individua th matter, and everything of the kind should be avoided, as far as possible. We adhere to our original opinion, that Congress, in the name and in behalf of the whole American people, should accept the reservation offered by Mr: Waehington, purchase the estate without chaf- fering, and, under the most carefui arrange- mente by law, provide or its preservation, wits in the smallest possible mu*@latien, innovation, or change of anything belonging to the mansion. or the out buildings, or the grounds, or the graves, or woods. or fields, within the limits of the purchase, except the much needed changes of a general system of repairs. With a surplus of twenty-three millions in the treasury. we look with confidence to the purchase of Mount Vernon for the whole Amer- ican people, by act of Congress, at the next séssion. This consummation only needs a pass- ing recommendation from tie President in bis annual message. And we doubt not he will submit it, when the alternative presented is the transfer of Mount Vernon to the Goths and Vandals. Tne Lona IsLanp RaILRoap AND THE MAILS.— We stated a few days since, that a disagree- ment had oceurred between the Postmaster General and the Long Island Railroad Com- pany, as to the compensation for carrying the mails; and that the Postmaster General, deem- ing the demands of the company unreasonable, and a compliance therewith as beyond the line of his official duty, had contracted with some private individuals to convey the mails by horses. The new contractors. we understand, have entered upon the undertaking with a good deal of energy, and will no doubt give the public the best service of the kind that could have been obtained. In order that those citizens on Long Island directly interested in this matter may be posted up as to the most important facts in the case. we bavye made inquiry in the proper quar- ter. and find that, by the terms of the last con- tract with the railroad company, they received from the department for carrying the mails the sum of $4,328 per annum or at the rate of $50 per mile, deducting one-seventh for the omission of Sunday service. The contract ex- pired on the 30th of June last, some time pre- vious to which the company sent in proposals offering to renew the contract at the round sum of $10,000 per year. In answer to this they received oan offer from the department of $4 828, the same as they had been receiving, which was promptly declined, after due de- liberation by the proper officers, and the demand of $10,000 was renewed. and this, too, after they were in possession of the fact that their price was some $7,400 more than all the revenue col- lected annually from postages on the line of their railroad, and some $2,500 more than the aggregate amount collected from all the post offices on Long Island, the mail matter for which passed over that road. Here are the figures, showing that, at the old rates even, the department were paying some $1,000 more for the service on the island than the revenue collected :— Yield of offices on the Railroad. +++ $2,580 Do. do. off the Railroad. Total... ve. $710 Offer to Railroad. » $4,328 Pay for connecting rou 5 3,932 Mail messengers expenses. 220 + $8,430 Add to this $1.200 paid to the mail agents on the cars, who, by the way, had the entire charge of the mails, they relieving the company of all care or responsibility, and the expenses exceed- ed the entire proceeds some $2,200, or about $7,900, at the new rate of pay demanded by the railroad officials. This simpfe statement will, we think, show intelligent men of all parties who is answerable for any inconvenience or injury which may be experie:ced from the change referred to in their mail arrangements on Long Island. Consular System of the United States. To secure harmony in the intercourse be- tween the commanders of vessels of war and American Consuls resident in foreign ports, the following rules of etiquette were preseribed by the Secretary of the Navy, under Gen. Jack- son’s administration :— Upon a United States vessel of war entering a foreign port where a consul of the United ‘States resides, the commander is required to send a boat on shore. with an officer on board, who shall visit the consul and tender to him a paseage to the ship of war. Where a consul general resides, it is the du- ty of the commander of a ship of war. (com- manders of squadrons excepted,) to visit the consul general and offer him a passage to the ship of war. The commander of a squadron is to send a beat on shore, as prescribed in the first regula- tion, tendering to the consul or consul general ge on board, the imperfection of the United States system attracted the attention of the Hon. ard Livingston, then Secretary of State. who submitted an able report on the subject to Congress. He very forcibly pointed out its defects, and recommended a thorough revision of the whole subject. He observed, that “ our present system is wofully deficient—two or three meagre laws. and an equivocal reference to the laws of nations, with some usages of uncertain authority, and differing in different points being the only ides afforded the parties interested, so that s most desirous of restraining them- selves within the bounds of duty. and of doing all that it requires, know not how to conform to laws of which they are ignorant; whilst those of looser principles find in this uacer- tainty the means of vexatious extortion.” In 1840. the law of 1803 was modified, so far as regarded the discharge of American men in foreign ports, which left it optional with the consul whether he will allow the discharge ofa seaman without the payment of the three moaths consula wages; yet it is difficult for him, when the master and seaman insist upon it to resist their joint ap- plication. This amendment has worked disas: trously to our seamen, and involved the goy- ernment in great expense. Large numbers of enilors discharged from whaling vessels in the xcifie remain in the charge and at the expanse of the consuls at the islands until an oppor- tanity offers for sending them home, The object in requiring. in all cases three months advanced payment from captains to discharged 2 in foreign ports, was to compel those who had cerricd them out of the United State to beat the expense of getting them back. This expense ia now thrown upon the govern- ment, invotving a very large anaual expen- diture. In May, 1844, Mr. Winthrop. from the Com- mittee on Commerce, made a report in obedi- cnee to resolutions of the House, for the better protection of Americans, aud to restore the ad- vance of three months wages to discharged seamen in foreign ports, and to compel compli- ance with the same in all cages, in default of which, to provide for the prompt prosecutien ofcaptains’ bonds. and the recovery of penal- ties for the negleet of such payment—the leceips o1 such wages, and the reserve of ore- | third o. the same as @iuaY Jor the relief of American seamen in foreign ports, to be com- pulsory on the part of consuls. It seems by Mr. Winthrop’s able report, ac- companied with a bill to meet the object in view, that in 1839 the sums paid by the govern- ment for the relief of American seamen residing abroad, amounted to only $39,082 28, while in three years after the change of the law in 1840—viz., in 1843—the amount paid by govern- ment had suddenly risen to the sum of $70,884 97. The bill reported by Mr, Winthrop was very stringent, but failed to be adopted. During the same session, Mr. Semple, of the United States Senate, reported a compromise dill (July, 1844,) for entirely remodelling the whole consular system. It contained no less than vineteen sections, and was well calculated to meet all the leading and grievous objections to the present system. His bill alsd failed to pass. No further attempts were made to re- model our consular system until 1846, when, Mr. Buchanan, then Secretary of State, made areport, in obedience to a resolution of the House of Representatives dated August 10, on 1846, and which was submitted to Congress the 15th Dec.. 1846 in which he ably reviewed all the previgns laws and usages relating to the consular system. pointed out their imperfections: and suggested many important improvements. His subject was divided into heads—first, rela- ting to consuls general; second. mode of com- pensating consuls; third. consular fees; fourth. a consular code; fifth, powers and duties of con- suls under treaties with foreign nations; sixth expenditures of consuls for the relief of desti-. tute American seamen in foreign countries; seventh, the consent of the consul to the sea- men’s discharge; eighth, consular correspon- dence; ninth. consular certificates to invoices of foreign goods—to which were appended sta- tistical tables of foreign consulates. A select committee was raised in the House of Representatives (twenty-ninth Congress, first session) of which Mr. William W. Campbell was chairman, on the consular system of the United States. who, on the seventeenth June, 1846. reported a very able and comprehensive bill. It covered the whole ground of our consular system, and in twenty-four sections met every reasonable objection, besides embracing many new and important features. This bill, so loudly called for, shared the fate of all its predecessors, and failed to pass. On the 20th January, 1847, Mr. Wm. W, Campbell again brought forward his bill to “Revise the consular system of the United States,” and it again failed to pass. On the 3d January, 1848, Mr. John A. Rockwell re- vived the bill of Mr. Campbell in the House of Representatives, which, although strongly ad- vocated, failed to receive the sanction of Con- gress. The report of Mr. Campbell in 1846, acompa- nying his bill, was a brief, but able and clear, document. On February 21st, 1849, a bill was introduced to repeal the 6th section of the act of 1840, and “an act supplementary to an act con- cerning consuls, and for the further protection of American seamen,” approved February 28, 1843, The object of this bill was to provide better protection to seamen abroad, and means to enable their speedy re-shipment to the United States, under proper bonds and regulations. This also failed. Here ends all legislation, and attempts at le- gislation. regarding our wretched consular sys- tem. Everything remains substantially the same as the laws of 1792 and 1803 left it, with the exception of the amendment regarding sea- men, passed in 1840, which made matters de- cidedly worse. It may be stated that in some cases consular duties and privileges have been regulated to some extent by treaties. Under our treaties with Sweden. Prussia, Russia. Hanover, and Portugal, our consuls ‘have a right to sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may arise between the captains and crews” of American vessels in those countries. The mode in which judicial functions shall be discharged by consuls has never been prescrib- ed by Congress in a single instance. From the general sketch of the existing im- perfect laws regulating our consular system, and of the fruitless attempts made at remodel- ling them, we discover the importance of renew- ed efforts at reformation. The defects and re- medies required for their removal are quite obvious. *| Ingtead of confining their remuneration to the fees gathered from commanders of vessels, intes- tate estates of Americans, and discharged and relieved sailors, Congress should have, in all cases, bestowed fixed salaries. Ifit was an ob- ject to protect American seamen abroad, they should not have been compelled to pay consular fees to obtain it. No man but an intelligent and competent American should be appointed consul. What an absurdity to appoint an Eng- lishman or other foreigner to sit in judgment upon the rights of American seamen, or other citizens of the United States! A consul thrown upon the receipt of fees for a arupport is tempted to acts of extortion on American seamen and masters of vessels. as well as upon other citizens of the United States. By engaging in private trade he may make his offce subservient to his own private interest. He may connive at quarrels between citizens of the United States, breed dissensions between commanders and crews, impart false information toserve private ends, and otherwise disgrace the office and injure the people and country he is appointed to represent. The laws are deficient in comprehensiveness. They fail in properly designating the peculiar requirements of consuls—to assign proper po- litical functions in certain cases, and judicial proceedings in others. They fail to enjoin pro- per atiention to foreign political and social eco- nomy—to the progress of agriculture, aris, sciences and manufactures statistics of popula- tion, commerce and trade, with statements of imports and exports. tariffs and revenue laws, tonnage and shipping, commercial and other important laws and regulations, with no- tices of the climate, soil. and productions; with the progress in learning. the state of govern- ment, the press, and internal improvements ; with suggestions for advancing American trade and intercourse with the countries to which they are accredited, and to make regular reportsof the same to the State Department at Wash- ington. The philoso- phers of the Tribune yesterday gave us a very learned, very long, and very dull historical account of the claims of the Earl of Stirling to the northeastern fishing grounds ; aud another very learned and very tedious chapter on Judge Edmonds and gpiritual manifestations. Both behind time, and all this with the thermo- meter hard npon ninety in the shade. Don’t do eo again. Spere the people till we have a clLange in the weather, Gone to Rromwonp.—Mr. Roger A. Pryor, the young gentleman lately separated from the Washington Union on account of an editorial which he published in that paper, embracing a stiff eulogium of the government of Russia, has turned up in the editorial bureau of the Rich- mond (Va.) Enguirer. We commend Mr. Pryor to the progressive democracy, and hope now that he will lose no time in giving to the administration his views on the Turkish ques- tion. Is Nicholas right, or is the Sultan wrong ?—that’s the question ; and will there be war? The Literary World. The catalogues for the three great fall trade sales, in Boston, Philadelphia, and New York, are larger than they have been in any previous year; and, though there will not be a large display of important original works, the press has been unusually active, and in no season has there beea so remarkable an improvement in the general style of book manufac- ture. The publ’c appear to have had quite enough of cheap editions, and we are hereafter to have go vd authors on thick, firm and white paper, and from large and elegantly cut type, widely leaded. In such luxurious style, a single Boston house is to give us, in rapid succession, some twenty or thirty stout octayos, embracing Plutarch’s Lives, (a new trans- lation, by Mr. Clough, Oxon,) Hume’s History of England, Goldsmith’s Works, Life of Sir James Mackintosh, &c., &c.; and from one of our New York houses we are to have, in uniform and beautiful se- ries, an extensive collection of the English classics, The venerable Mr. James Savage, President of the Massachusetts Historical Society, has just published a new edition of the “ History of New England, from 1630 to 1649, by John Winthrop, Esq, firs; Governor of Massachusetts Bay.” There is no work more valuable, and, except the “Magnolia Christi Americana,” none more surious, resvecting the early history of this country; and i} is quite safe to say that no other person could have brought to its edito- rial elucidation and illustration, research so intelli gent; laborious and patient, and a spirit so thorough- ly imbued with the feelings, purposes and distinc- tions of the Puritan age, as Mr. Savage. Neverthe: lese, itis amusing frequently, and painful sometimes, to see how completely he is a partisan, especially in everything relating to Cotton Mather, to make a point against whom would seem to afford the great- est joy he looks for in the world. An edition of Ma- ther’s Magnolia has appeared within a few weeks at Hartford, and it is to he regretted tuat it was not prepared, though it had been by an enemy, with something of the sagacity and pains-taking which mark this new impression of Winthrop. The Har!- ford publisher has done the public an injury by fill- ing the market with his copies, as competent editors had itin contemplation to bring out the eradite, quaint, quibbling, vain, bigoted, and headstrong old Puritan, with all the appliances ot cotemporary learning necessary to the proper appreciation and es- timation of his cumbrous and curious chronicle. The season has furnished memoirs of two artists of eminence, Cole and Greenough, whose works are among the choicest treasures in American galleries, and whose deaths have been as great misfortunes to society as to art. The memoir of the painter Cole, by Rev. Louis L. Noble, is in no respect well done. With the ample materials which appear to have been in the hands of the author, the bovk, such as it is, might easily have been committed to the press in six weeks instead of three or four years, aud auy com- mon proof reader should have been able very much to improve its style, which is diffuse, involved and difficult beyond frequent examples. And the work is so printed—the correspondence, diaries, notes, &c., of Cole being in the same type as the part by, Mr. Noble, and without any marks of quotution —that it is nearly always inconvenient to ascertain whether we are reading what was written by tie painter, or what was written by his biographer. The execution of the volume on Greenough, by Mr. H. '. Tacker- man, is much better. A lgrge collection of the seulp- tor’s characteristic and delightful correspondence would, however, have been much more acceptable. Mr. Tuckerman does not seem to have understood very perfectly Greenouga’s genial and lideral charac- ter, and it may be doubted whether his teyaper quite fits him for the discussion of cotemporary art or biography. The volume, whatever its faults, is ex- ceedingly interesting, and upon the whole is as good as anything of its kind done ia this country. Charles Francis Adams has just brought out the eighth volume of the works of his grandfather, Joha Acgams. This collection was advertised to consist of ten volumes, and we are sorry to lewrn that Mr. Ad- ams will confine himself to that number, though three or four more might very easily be tilled with interesting and important historical correspondeace by Mr. Adams and his confidentiai friends. But it will gratify all who have read the four small yolumes of private letters by John Adams and his wife, to learn that these collections will probably be ealarged to some half dozen times their present extent, and printed in three or four volumes, uniform with this edition of vhe works of John Adams. This carefully and judiciously edited compilation of the writings of the great revolutionary orator and diplomat is of incalculable value to the historical student, and is deserving a place in the library of every intelligent American citizen. We hope that,assoon as Mr. Charles Francis Adams has completed it, he will g0 on With the more voluminous and scarcely less in- teresting works of his father, John Quincy Adame. We dissent entirely from the position that a states- man’s letters and memoirs should be withheld until his cotemporaries and the subjects of his observation are dead. By all means, let us, who are most imme- diately interested and most capable of their proper criticism, have that extraordinary diary, and the ya- rious learned, brilliant, persoual, partisan, political and philosophical correspondence, and the reports, speeches, essays, and treatises of “the old man elo- quent.” If they extend to twenty stout octavos, no matter; there are enough people willing to pay for them, and Mr. C. F.. Adams, we trast, has abandant leisure for their editorial supervision. We are happy to learn that the Hon, Henry 8. Randall is getting along rapidly with his Life of Jefferson, which will be inoomyarably the best book ou the subject. Mr. Henry vens, formerly of Vermont, and now of the British Museum in London, has recently come in possession of a large collection of inedited papers by Dr. Franklin. We are not advised whether it embraces the mysteriously lost continua- tion of Franklin's Memoirs, but of letters to and from the philosopher it contains many of singular in- terest, and of the utmost importance to Franklin's fame as a statesman. Colonel Benton is giving much of his time to the composition and revision of his Memoirs, of which he has Jately permitted the public to see some piquant specimens, fully justifying the expectations formed on the announcement that he was writing “ Dhicty Years in the Senate,” of the work’s character and quality. Mr. Bancroft will publish the third volume of his “ History of the American Reyolotion,” being the sixth of his “ History of the United States,” in Ov- tober. This great work has a constantly increasing reputation, and every new volume hasa larger sale than its predecessor: It is doubtful indeed whether any original publication in history, of as high « price, has ever had so wide a circulation, The “History of the American Revolution,” by Jared Sparks, known to have been for many years in preparation, is for the present, we understand, Jaid aside, to enable the distinguished author to complete an extended work on American diplomacy. A new History of the United States is soon to appear from the yeteran hand of Professor Henry St. George Tucker, whose voluminous life of Jetle son came out a few years ago. Mr. Tucker does not like existing histories, and he proposes giving us one of which the point of observation shall be that of the “ Resolutions of '68."? A forthcoming histo’ io#l essay, lixely to make a stir id Massachusptts aud Carvlina, iy “Tue North and the South, Treasury, the Army, and the Congress, or ds and Cavaliers Compared in the American Revolntion.” The author is disse, tisfled with the “eternal jargon about Plymouth Rock and Faneuil Hall. ” Dr. William Gilmore Simms will publish imme. distely, in two jhandsome volumes, his “‘ Poetical Works,” embracing whatever he wishes to preserve of the dozen volumes of poems he bas heretofors given to the public. John R. Thompson, the amiable and accomplished Editor of the Southern Literary Messenger, of Rich- mond, has in press @ survey of Southern literature, to be entitled “ The Authors of the South,” No man living could execute such a work with more judg ment or justice. Redfield will publixh in a few days a second seried of Alice Carey’s exquisite =ketches of ‘‘ Clovernook, or Recollections of our Neighborhood in the West,” and a Boston house wil) publish during the autuma “The Poetical Works” of tue same charming au- thor. Henry R. Schooleraft, of the Indian Department, has early ready the fourth volume of his Contribu- tions to the History and Ethnology of the Red Raco in America. This great national work, issued under the direction of Congress, by a scholar notoriously more competent than any other in the world for the important aud pecuiiar duty, is savagely attacked in the last North Americun Rev ew, which was never known bheart'ly to approve of anything not written, printed or published in New England. The govern- ment will, perbaps, take the necessary steps for se- curing the endorsement and support of the rejected Professor ot History for auy vo'ume it may hereafter decide to have printed at the expense of the trea- sury. A dramatic literature nothing has appeared for a long time, if ever, in this eountry, deserving of com- parison with a tragedy entitled (awkwardly) “New York Two Hundred Years Ago,” by Mrs. E. Oakes Smith. It isa work to induce regret that the bril- liant woman who wrote it should ever have turned aside from the pursuits of art to mix with the de- graded class who seek notoriety by the public advo- cacy of what they are pleased to call “women’s rights,” or by wearing or ‘defending ridieulous her- mapbrodite dresses. Jacob Leisler, the hero, was the first martyr for liberty in tle new world, and in all the history of New York, there is not a character more deserving of honor, or a career that should in- spire more admiration and sympathy. The heroine, Elizabeth Sloughter, if not too exact a historical por- trait, isa noble tragic creation—one of the noblest in the modern drama—pocticilly, morally and wo- manly noble and pitiable On a fly-leaf it is an- nounced that the play is to be brought ont by Mrs. Mowatt; the heroine world be better represented by Miss Julia Dean. A new comedy has just been completed by Mr. George H. Booker, of Philadelphia, author of “Ca- laynos,” &c. SH . Taik on ’Changee The foreign news by the Africa had no effect upon our Produce markets. Breadstuffs aud provisions, owing chiefly to Incal causes, were quite duil, and lower, Flouc fell off dix cents per barve! for State brande, and mess perk cloved dull, at $16 25, with sometniag like eontract settlements at $15. About 1,400 bales of cotton were sold, the marie: closing without change in prices, Private advices received oy » hou-e in this city, stated that the movements of Russia looked more buepieious: ‘The promises of the Ozsr’s governimeot were fair, yet Its acts looked foul, acd its vlan «oo-ared to be to gain de- Jay; when too Jate for active interposttion it might laugh at ite dupes. Nevertheless, there was au unwillingness to believe in the porsibilicy of war. It was stated by @ Liverjool correspondent of the same houre, that the tare on flour was fixed at 20 Ibe, per barrel, and, in the sbsence of spectal agreement, no cu) tage vas to be allowed, No :ejeccion of flour was to be granted, injured on the voyoge of the abip, and it ust be approved or parsed upou before 12 o'clock next day, if not on the same ay of tts landing. Complaints were made 11 nod dead of flour, espe- cially among parcels of Canndian, had arrived ia a heat- ed or sour state. All serious wpprehensions cevarding any extensive po- tato rot had ceased. The: os some blight, but no ge peral diseare that wor ar aby sort of comparison with that of the famine year Sincere gratification scriptions raised ia New Yor’ in sick at New Ovleaps. Thoush oo absent from the city, who present. yet votsith taoding Of the closert money werkt past, it was fousd the deny The Bosra of Brokers of rhe yesterday, with a liberal oy the collecting cowmitter total sub-criptious ae high as ‘under the circumstances Mart THe STRAMSMIP JaMESioWN ‘Tb wharf s little befera eleven oe with a large number of pa-rergers, from Norfolk, Peters. burg, and Richmond. She vs again for the same places, at 4o’clcck to-morrow efternoun. For comfort aud safety the Jamestown is u-urpassed by any steamer afloat. as express’ at the liberal eub. of the suffering leading citizens were nO doubt, sub-eribe if his faol aod in the face sceed eihin a year } been very lideral. York Stook Exehange Joe? $500. One of c0 estimated their ©11,000, No mean offering, exe chip arrived at her ck yesterday moraing, Mastent The highly suco%a"ul season o’ Madame Sontag's ape- ratic company at Castl) Garis is advertised to close with the wex¢ week. There «re to be but five nights more of these exquisite en!errai ing comprised fa that uuniver ville” isto bo prewnted for the first dame Sontag ia to parform the rd! (for the first tine ) the: o Figaro, and Rovere ax 19 Soc # cast im tais favo- rite opera could not fail io fray & crowded aud fashionable house, even were it not ceriain that tha opera eaanot be repeated by the ras company, wat thst its orga nize tion terminates so soon ho has beea slightly indieposed since bis arr wre onpoy to learn, folly regained his bexito 1) awaits ihe posses. siou of Cartle Garden, to cy his alterations and fitting up of that ed # excellent baud serenaded M. Jullien last @/#0iu is hovel, the Clae- exdon, with waich compl vuld not but feol gratified. ‘The tiret innva oud, consisting of Mole. Avra Zerr, Herr Koeoig, Mivch rt, Wuill+, Winter- bottom Hughes, the brottes, vi five others, feftin the Pus Mr. Chappell of che gre Londom. Bottestai Liv yr of the solo performers, foie 3 Little Paul Jullisa, hn 0, has, we understand, rulunteered to vive wesncort for the benelit of the funds being © ilected io this eity to aid the wretched suiferers by the epidene ta New Orleans, Madame Thillon and be: sh Opera sing: ers continue to attr aeihs, this evening ba- nthe * Barber of Se- and only time. Ma- » Kosice Pozzoliao, with Badiali as Almaviva, yaus, wal twenty- « Wo tuesday last, with tm of Sew Bond street, t. and tue residue f amunity at Niblo’s splenzid esta fo aight, the ‘ Bohe- mian Girl” is ty be re: rice lascume The Ravel family alternate with che i & most agreonvie divers Niblo’s Gsrden, Our metropolitan theat pany, thus giviog entortalumests at hich bad been closed for the summer mouths, are, one by one, begianing to rex open, Burton's ew reason commenced on Wedoeeday evening, and that of the Boadway chestra, which is underge 1g alterations aud decorations, will comm on Monday evening next City Intelligence, Tox Weratnar —Yerterday was woo her warm day, the thermometer showing the following heights at the hours enumerated below :— 9A. M. 3PM, 8 P.M. 82 89 85 ‘the thermometer that gave the above rates was, how- ever, ina very cool place, for in some Icealities about the city it was ae high av 94 degrees at 3 P, M. Ia all meteor ological reperts the loeslivy iy of g-ent importancy, as the thermometer will vary xccordiogly. There wee several cares of sun stroke in th oe of yosterday, many of which have tecoioated fatally. As exses of this kind are sgnin becomirg pomerour, we deem it proper to reiters’e Ube advice that we gave at a former period, when there was the same danger, namely, to pron cue medical sid immediately By this meacs maay a life may be raved that otherwise would bo lost. We Wiinersed, yesterday, a serene of thiv kind ia the Bowery, where an individual was stretched fall Jeng b on the side alk, evidenvly suferiog from the eTact of heat, with a crowd gaping around, and @ pclioemane lounging st the corner of the atree If che aren died it ene DOU toms toe Card oRbowed UOMM bin due from the want of 16 We would imagice thas ia wash « oruwd- od pir oe av the Bow medics! aaintance could 06 @a- wily plocuied, bus it appeared mos, lor pune Was sougit ee a