The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1853, Page 7

ee ne ee ee ee ee Jv ee Commencement at Princeton. {Correspondence of the Newark Advertiser. Princeton, June 28, 1853. ‘This is the one hundred and sixth anniversary of the venerable Alma Mater of so of readers, and the usual preliminary cnertlece Rave been in progress during the ment seems to have lost none of its interests to the stu- dents, the people of the vieinity, and those in all parts of the country whose sympathies are connected with our illustrieus College of New Jersey. To the students, of course, it is an era in their college life, and the honors dispensed on the occasion are matters of real importance. To the neighborhood it affords a holiday occasion which the inhabitants for miles around ‘a rove, by bringing hither their finest equip- es and thelr most lovely women. To the sons of e venerable institution it affords an opportunity for communing with old classmates, and reviving plea- sant incidents of the past. ‘The commencement exercises began this afternoon, with an oration before the whig and cliosophic socie- ties, by W. B. Brewster, Esq., of Philadelphia. It was a cimple, chaste and forcible exposition of the duties which would devolve upon his hearers their transition from the fields of study to the intri- cate circles of practical life, and advice on the x NEO, per method of performing these duties was imparted, as drawn from experience and reflection. This eve- ning the junior commencement took place, and eight young gentlemen of that class—four trom each lite- rary society—made addresses as foliows, the orations being interspersed with music from Dodworth’s cor- net band:— Charles Boyd, of N. ¥., on Experience. Lewis C. Baker, of N. J., on the higher life of the An- cients. William H. Goldthwaite, of Ala., on Imperfection of History. anes W. Woodhull, of N. J., on the Vanity of Human laure. linton C. Gurner, Jr., of N. ¥., on Greatness always Immortal. Joseph C. Wyckoff, of N.J., on Egyptian Monuments. ae James I, Coleman, of Miss., on the Ideal and of Perfec- on. Robert B. Anderson, of N. C., on Milton. ee programme of the Senior commencement is as fol- 8 MORNING EXERCISES. Prayer by the President, Music. J. Ledyard Hodge, Louisiana.—Latin Salutatory. J. Smith Gordon. Pa.—Eoglish Sal eta Edward W. Condict, N. J.—Classical Oration—The influ- bes of the Classical Models on the Fine Arts. lusic. Henry B. McKeen, Pa.—Dissertation. C. Henry Searff, N. J. ‘ublic Amusements. John C. Sebenck, N. J.—Varieties of Perception. Joseph Jones, Ga.—Natural Sciences. ‘Thomas M. Hall, N. J.—Dissertation. Win. B. Scarborough, N. J.—Dissertation. ~ Dickson, Pa.—Lorenzo de Medici, jusic. Silas Merchant, Jr., N. J.—Misspent Hours. Stewart Brown, M inch Republicapism. Oliver 5. Belden, N. versal Education, ser A. M’Eihinny, Pa. —T still live.’? uric. Joseph Alvard, N. J.—The Pleasures of Imagination. ra H. La Monte, N. Y.—Official Station no test of Patriotism. George Pierson, N J —Mathematical Oration. John Torrey, Jr., N. J.—Though dead, they yet speak.” Marie. Kaward H. Sholl, N. Y.—Kvowledge and Wealth. Che: Haley, N. ¥.—The Fail of Poland J. Buebanen Henry, Research ches. Charles P. Renmond, N, J.—The Cultivation of the So- elal Principle. Henry R. Dulany, Md.—Dissertation. Kusie. AFTERNOON. Music. Thomas D. Mather, N. Y.—National Egotism. Franklin B. Levis, N. J —The Downfali of Thrones. ©. Dorsey Wright, Ma —Dissertation. Jeremiah Leaming, N. J.—Dissertation. James FE. Black. Delaware —Dissertation. Patrick Henry teed Md.—Dissertation. Franklin T. Simpson, Ga.—Dissertation. George 8 Gibson, Md —Dissertation. Robert H. McEven, Jr, Teun.—The Mind, Capable of Indefinite Improvement. Prentiss de Veuve, N. Y.—True Nobility. Music. Lewis Jamiron, N. J.—Dissertation. Gherles Lowndes, Jr , Md.—Dissertation. Wm. K. Folls, Md.—Dissertation. Frza D. Parber, Pa —Man Worship. W. Taylor Dillworth, Pa,—Dissertation. J. Edward Stirling, Md —Dissertation. Corneille § Groot, N. issertation. Edward B Van Dyke, —Dissertation. Deniel P, Voorhees, N. J.—Search for Happiness. Music. John H. Morehead, N. C.—Dissertation. Wm. €. Conon, Md.—Dirsertation. ‘Lessons from the Past. issertation. insertation. Gurnee, N,.Y.—The Advancement of Literature George N. Mo M W. 8 Fdwarde, N.Y. Jobn D. rring of Degrees Y.—Belies Lettres, Oration American Genius. ‘tents issued from the United States List of Patent Office for the week ending June 28, 1853, and bearing date June 28, 153 :— Barnabas H. Buartol, of Philadelphia, Penn.—For improvement in refrigerators for cooling liquids. ee 28, 1863. Patented in Cuba, October , 1852, Horatio Clarke, of Dedham, Mass.—For improve- ment in bobbins. Christopher Duckworth, of Thompsonville, Conn. —For improvement in shuttle-box motion in looms. Horatio N. Goodman, of New Haven, Conn.—For improvement in melodeons. aniel H. Hovey, of Kilborn, Ohio—For improve- ment in machines for twisting wax ends. Edmund Morwood and George Rogers, of London, ath eles improvement in coating zinc with Jead. Dated June 28,1853. Patented in England | December 12, 1850. Levi 8. Reynolds, of Indianapolis, Ind.—For im- | provement in bran dusters. Christian Sharps, of Hartford, Conn.—For im- ovement in percussion pellets. Dated June 28, 253. Patented in England, April 22, 1852. E. E. Shepardson and Edwin Lucas, ot New Bed- ford, Mass.—For improvement in tuning melodeons and other reed instruments. Lauren Ward, of Naugatuck, Conn., administra- tor of Richard Ward, deceased, of same place— he) improvement in machines for turning irregular forms. James Foster, Jr., and Platt Evans, Jr., of Cincin- nati, Ohio—For improvement in metallic boxes for presses, &c. ’ Amizi C. Semple, of Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to | ‘Wm. C.Semple, of same place—For improvement in presses. Napoleon B. Lucas, of Otter Creek, Ill.—For im- | provement in threshers and separators of grain. { RE-ISSUE. Walter Kidder, of New York, N.Y.—For improve- ment in gas regulators. Patented October 12, 1852. | Re-issued June 28, 1853. | DESIGNS, N.S. Vedder, of Troy, N.Y.—For design for acook stove. Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N.Y.—For design for scooking stove. Dated June 3%, 1853. Ante-dated May 2, 1853. jamuel D. Vose, of Albany, N.Y.—For design for a cooking stove. Dated June 28, 1853. Ante-dated May 2, 1853. uel D. Vose, of Albany, N.Y.—For design for | a cooking stove. Dated June 28, 1853. Ante-dated =a 2, 1853. fames Cowles, of Rochester, N.Y., assignor to Albert G. Bristol, of same place—For-design for a register face. uel D. Vose, of Albany, N.Y.—For design for a parlor stove. Dated June 28,1853. Ante-dated May 2, 1863. A Nortuwestern ComMerciaL CONVENTION.— The newspaper press of Chicago are at the present time seriously agitating the propriety of hol ing at an early day a Convention of the rn, Middle and Northwestern States to take into consideration their commercial interests, and deliberate upon the measures best calculated to —— facilitate and direct their developement. It is intended to be in some sort an oif set to the Convention which was recently held at Momphis, and to counteract what influence that movement is likely to have upon Congress in the location of the route of the projected Pacific Railroad. The suggestion of our Chicago neighbors seems to meet with very general favor from the cities of the North and will probably receive a like response from New York and Boston. Profent appearances indicate that a convention of this character will be called during the current season to meet probably at Chicago or some other city of the Northern lakes.— Alton Telegraph. dl Kentucry Hoo Srartisrics. The Louisville, Cou- rier of the 16th instant, publishes full returns from forty eounties in reference to tne number of hogs in that State over six months old. The total assessment, as furniched Dy the Bta‘e Auditor, shows 415,067 hogs in the forty eounties, whieh in a gain of 100 000 over the number in the same district the previous year. RE#IGNATION OF Gov. Woon or Onto.—Welearn | from seliable authcrity that Gov. Wood has accepted the appointment of Consul to Valparaiso, and resigned his | Governorsbio—resignation to take effect on the 2 A He leaves Cleveland, en route for his new station, oa *the ith July. Lieut. Goy. Medill will, by virtue of his office, Become Governor.—Cincinnati Commercial, June 30. Tne Pactric RaiLRoAD.—The people of St. Louis have it in contemplation to hold convention next fall of delegates representing all the states of the Union, for the Vg of concentrating, if it be possi- sible, the public sentiment of the eountry upon one railroad route to the Pacific. A celebrated portrait painter says that the reason that tom este areso musical ia besance they are all Addie strings Inside, lowing paragraph an we Copy, b “4 from the Baton houye the 19th instant. The Dr. Bird spo- two brothers. One (One Bird) was , New Orleans city, Another gressor. g lore was killed in the bar-room of the erandah Hotel, in 1851, by a man whom he had ped in the face. The third of the family, Dr. John G. Bird, came to his end in a like tragical manner, as will be seen by the following extract. The brothers were all young men of intelligence and of pre, ing manners. The two first had been married but a hort time previous to their death. THE LAST ACT OF THE TRAGEDY. A few years ago there lived on Lafayette street, in New Orleans, a family whose multiplied misery and miefortune is ‘without a lel in the history of Louisiana. The recollection is yet too fresh in the memory of our Fegnle. the f too agranh, and the footprints of the cruel fiend too to admit of a detail of the heart-rending scenes which our people were called upon to witness, as they followed one another in quick succession under that fated family. A daughter, in the morning of her existence, with the rose-tinge on her chee! Le haeaiana brother butchered in his effort to avenge the wrongs of his sister—and an honorable and high-minded old man, who had weathered the storm of life to the frost; eriod of fourscore years, cut down, with the mad- lening evidences of his daughter’s shame and a broken heart, to the grave. All this was stern reali- ty, with the most aggravated details, and took place but a few brief yearsago, to stain the fair fame of our quiet little city, and add another page to the volume of crime. He who caused it has just finished his in- famous career. We knew him—most of our citizens Were on terms ot intimacy with him. He was affa- ble and courteous, and readily won his way into fa- vor. After the tragedy on Lafayette strect, he was aided to escape the ignominious death he would have met at the hands of our infuriated ple, had he re- mained an hour longer. He fled. The following private letter, which has been kindly furnished us for publication, will show how the author of so much mnisery ended his existence :— ‘ALBANY, Baker County, Ga., May 4 Dear Sir—I promixed to write you the result of Dr. Bird’s trial. He was tried at the fall term of the Supe. rior Court of this county,fand found guilty of volun- tary manslaughter. When'the jury rendered the verdict he requested the Court, by his attorney. for a delay of his sentence for a few hours. Our judge being a man of amiable disposition, granted the request without hesita- tion. Bird was remanded to jail; there were other priso- ners in the dungeon, who stated that after the door was locked Dr. Bird shaved himrelf, put on clean linen, clean drawers and socks, hung hia boots on a pog where ho was accustomed to hang them, all very quietly, and, as the prisoners state, with the coolest and most {mperturbable sang froid, He then took out his pencil and wrote quite an affeetionate farewell to his aged nts, (both of whom were at the hotel,) in which he denied that he wi guilty. After folding avd addressing the note to bis pa- rents, he took a phial from his pocket, poured the con- tents into a glass, placed h.meelf on the bed, locked his hands upon his bosom, and was in eternity in two minutes —he bad swallowed one ounce of prursic acid The ecene in the dungeon cannot be described or ima- gined. There lay, in that dismal place, on a mean bed, the inanimate form of Dr. John @. Bird, a man who had been raised in the very best circles of society, who was the darling of his parents, and therefore had every ad- vantage of education. In loomy room was a strange assemblage of characters; the physicians, bustling and busy in the fruitless effort to rekindle the spark that had forever fled—the curious crowd that had instantly rushed into the prison when the alarm was given—all, with one exception, yielded to the effect of the harrowing tragedy, and were melted into tes It was impovaible to stan the effect—there was the poor old mother weeping over her son, in whom centered all her tenderest affections, and whom she had bleesed as he was going out into the world, ranguine that such a son would win for himself honor and fame—there also was the father, poor old man; no tear came to relieve his intense agony—erect, gid, cold and colorless, stood the gray haired sire—the blow seemed to have frozen acd choked up the very fountain of his tears, The once sturdy trunk stood withered and bare—the lightning’s flash had rent and blasted it, ie roof of The Prussian Men-of-War at Norfolk. Nationa Comrty.—Commodore Schroder, having given notice of his intention to pay his respects to the author- ities of the city, came ashore yesterday with his suite, consisting of Commandants Sundewell and Schirmacher, and several other officers of the Prussian ships of war in this port. They were received, at twelve o’clock, by the Mayor, Hunter Woods, EFaq., at his residence, in a style of appropriate dignity and hospitality, the members of the Court and the Common Councilmen elect attendance. In addition to the Prussian were also present the foreign Consuls al city, officers of the United States Navy, and se eitizens. The ceremony of reception and preseata- tion being over. at one o'clock the company, pre- eeded by the Prussian guests, were mabe is to another room, where they partook of an elegant repast, at which his Hozor the Mayor performed the honors in his usual graceful style. and to which due justice was done by all present. Several toasts were Grurk. The Mayor gave the King of Prussia, and per- petual amity between that country and the United States, which wax responded to by Commodore Schroder, who the President of the United states. The Mayor next the Queen of Great Britain, which was handsomel reaporded to in a few remarks by her Majesty’s consul, G. P. R James, Bag. flunilar compliments ware paid 1 the sovereigns of Holland and Spain, and acknowledged by their respective representatives, About two o'clock, Commodore Schroder and suite took thetr leave, and the company retired.—Norfolk Herald, June 28. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. New York, June 30, 1853. Sin:—Several times in your last papers I found remarks about the Prussian men-of-war, which are at present at Norfolk, Va. I never found it noticed that one of them—the ee Gefion—never was a Prussian ship, but for this last time past, since the Prussian government took possession of it in spite of all Germany. The small State where it belonged to before could not prevent them from doing so, for our poor Schles- wig-Holstein was surrounded by Danish and German enemies. The iii Gefion always was a Danish man-of- war till the 5th of April, 1849, when it got taken by the revolutionary Schleswig-Holsteiners, when, on the same occasion, the largest and best Danish ship- of-war got blown up bythe red hot balls of the revo- lutionary party, when two hundred Danes visited the upper alr, and the rest got taken prisoners, about twelve hundred in number, belonging to both weet that fr. ined eight Schleswi at very affray was gained eight Schleswig- Holstein guns and four small field guns, (Newent artillery,) and also the victory over two Danish men-of-war, numbering altogether one hundred and twenty six guns and about fourteen hundred men of the crews. ONE OF THE ScHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN ARMY, Obitua i. Joun Katty, a soldier of the Revolution, died in Union township, Muskingum county, Ohio, on the 11th ultimo, d ninety-three years. Mr. Kelly was born ia North 1765. At the age of nineteen he joined the rmy, uvder Washingten, ard served during the war, with credit to himself and good to his country. On the 11th of September, 1777, he was in the bloody battle on the Brandywine, in which be was dangerously wounded and carried from field, where an American lady dressed his wounds and was instrumental in saving his life. On the 15th of July, 1779, he was with General Wi storming Stony Point, and stood his ground a one of the most herois deeds that immortalized the Revolution. At the end of the war he was honorably dis charged. He was one of the patriots in the ex oration and surveying of the State of Kentucky, where e had many conflicts with the Iadians, but always stood firm and un+baken amid the desolation around him. He warried in Virginia, and some forty years ago emigrated aod settled in Muskingum. He was the father of nine ehileren, eight of whom survive him. Mr. Kelly was a noble speeimen of humanity—honest, prudent aad strict- ly pious. Wituam B. Bevevict, | ates ot of mathematics in the United States Navy, died at Leesburg, Va , on the 20th Juxe. He was for several years connected with the ob- servatory in Washington city, a zealous and eficient co- laborer with his associates in that institution. His loss is deeply deplored by a circle of friends, but especially by the corps of which he was a highly esteemed and va- luable member. Joun CLEMENT, a revolutionary soldier and pensioner, died in Bath, N. H., aged 91 yearn. Jonn Funcx, a native of Abo, in Finland, died at Cruces, on the 7th June. Deceared was a Lieutenant in the Swedish navy, and, at later periods, Colonel in the Mexi- can, Salvadorian, and Nicaraguan armies. In the revo- lutions of Nicaragna and Costa Ries, Col. Funck greatly distinguished himvel? as recond in command to Genera! Morazan, having been wounded five times, (he carries two musket balls to hia grave.) and often honorably men- tioned in official despatches. Ho, Hewry Vari, an old and distinguished resident of Troy, N.Y, diedon the 25th June, so seventy years. In 1836, he was a representative from Rensselaer county in Congress Hon D. Q, Quackennoss, Jate Speaker of the House of Representatives of Michigan, died at his residenee ia Te- cumseh, on the 224 instant, of consumption. In 1841 he was a member af the General Assembly of New York, since which time he has been a resident of Michigan. anc a member of the Legislature for two sessions. At the last he was Spenker of the House of Representatives. His | death will be deeply lamented by all who knew him. Deatn or Mra. Foors —With ssrrow we aanounce the death of Mrs, Foote, wife of the Hon. T. M. Foote, lately Charge d’Affaires to Austria, who arrived in the steamer Baltie on the 26th instant. Mra, Foote had bean in feeble health for some time. Her remains were conveyed to Buffalo on Tuesday evening. Henry Hicks, bet a native of Maryland, but for many years a merchant of Wilmington, Del , where he held the Office of Collector of Customs, under President Polk, died on the 24th ult, He was a member of the last democratic national convention, and in consequence of a disease of the heart, from which he has suffered, had to return home before it adjourned. Ronert H. Commine, Eaq.. of Newark, N J , died on the 90th ult., aged 71 years. He was «son of Gen. John I’, Cumming, an early and prominent citizen of Newark, and of revolutionary memory. The deceased bad resided the greater part of his life in Newark, and was a prominent member of the Cincinnati Society. United States Marshal’s Office. JvuLy 1,—Larceny at Sea.—John Jones and Robert Barry were arrentpd on a eharge of having stolen $300 from James Kelly, on board the steamship Georgia, on the 28th June last. Jones was committed for examination, Barry, being il with fever, wax not taken into eustody, The Fruit Crops. AN ENEMY AMONG THE APPLES. The Portamouth Ci says :—“Many of the orchards in York, Maine, are now, and have been for a week or more, infested with millions of a species of canker worm, five-eighths of an inch long, and some much shorter, with a élender body of a a ish white color, with two dark stripes wise. They come in myriads, stripping the ay trees of their leaves, by eating through them, and as it were, poisoning or kel Ser the life of the tree.” The Exeter NewsLetter saye:—The canker worm, one of the greatest pests of vegetation, has recently appeared in this town and vicinity in great and Ged devastating numbers. We haveseen several orchar in Exeter, Stratham and Kensington, in which the trees, through their attacks, appear scorched as by fire, most of the leaves beiig changed toa dirty zal and a large Heopartion: of the fruit falling to e ground. Some oak and maple forests in Exeter have the ap; ice of being withered by a fire in close’ proxim! a all caused by these worms. The apple crop of New England thus appears doomed to destruction.”’ Another enemy to the fruit trees is mentioned by the Lowell Courier, which says:—Within a few weeks an estirely new worm has aynesred upon the trees in this country, and seemed to be doing great havoc. We have noticed them in various towns in this vicinity, and in Brighton, Newton, Stowe, Marl- boro’, and we presume they exist pretty generally throughout the country and, perhaps, State. We have also observed them in Pelham Windham, N. H. They attack forest and fruit trees, the birch, h and eee being almost the only trees whic! spared. The apple and shrub oak seem to be favor- ites. They strip the leaves from the trees, leaving large ranges as if entirely burnt over. They have been mistaken for the cauber-worm, by those who have not particularly noticed them, but on a littleex- amination they will be found to be a very different animal, although in some things resembling them. They are smaller, much sprightlier, and have an en- tirely different motion. The cauber-worm moves by bringing his head and tail together and then stretch- ing off his length, but this worm moves flat on his belly and ie quickly. When the tree is struck, and they fall, they let themselves down by a thread like a spider’s web, and having suspended in the air, or again by the thread, regen their position on the tree. Passing through the woods, yon see them bauging in immense quuutitics frum’ the trees, and probably they are blown from limb to limb, by these threads. How they originated, and what effect they will have, no one can tell, though they bid fair to be beaten by the cank in destructivene: & ATLANTIC AND OHIO RAILROAD. ‘The Warren (0.) Transcript statea that books of sub- scription to the capital stock of the Atlantic and Ohio Railroad Company have been opened. That paper states that the necessary pspers have been filed at Columbus for the organization of the company, with a capitai of $6 000,000, and that the project lias been plaused by some of the most wealthy and energetic capitalists io Ohio. The line designated is to commence on the Pean- sylvania State line in Franklin county, to Clumbns, and thence to the Ohio river, connecting with the Maysville and Lexington road. Lexiogton and Danville, in Ken- tucky, are pointe of radiation from within, by roads now in course of erection. Charleston, 8. C., Savannah, Mo- bile, Nashville and Louisville wili be reached in the most direct lines possible. With chartered riguts now in reach in Pennsylvania, to connect with the Sunbury and 5 nd the Catawixss and Easton roads, a line will be fe d with a saving of distance to New York and Phila- delphia of at least one hundred and fifty miles, and, with connections now in progress of construction, will give a uviform guage from New York and Philadelphia to the great South, Cincinnati and Chicago. CLEVELAND AND PITTSBURG RAILROAD. The grand jury at Pittsburg have recommended « sub- reription by the county commissioners of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars to the stock of the Cleveland and Pittsburg railroad. LOWELL RAILROAD CORPORATION. The Boston papers state that at a meeting of the Lowell Railroad Corporation, last week, it was voted to accept the act of the Legislature, passed May 25, 1853, authorizing the company to construct a branch into Boston, and to confide the work to the directors with full powers. Votes were also passed authori- zing the directors to create 1,000 shares of new stock, the par value to be $500, or in lieu thereof, if the deem expedient, to issue bonds to the amount of half a million of dollars, payable within twenty years upon such terms as they may deem advisable, for the purpose of paying the expenses of the said branch. ALABAMA AND FLORENCE RAILROAD. The City Council of Montgomery has subscribed $500,000 to the Pensacola road, provided a like amount shall be subscribed by responsible persons in Alabama, and the real estate holders in the city shall ratify the subscription. We learn from the Alabama Journal, that the Mobile and West Point Railroad Company has Cpe Esl and that the private citizens have subscribed $300,000. ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD. The $200,000 placed in the hands of the Illinois State Treasurer, a3 a surety of the completion within a certain time of fifty miles of the Illinois Central Railroad, has been returned to the company, official notice having been given of the completion of the road ae Lasalle to Bloomington, a distance of sixty- one miles. GENESEE VALLEY RAILROAD. The work of grading this road, in the vicinity of the Rapids, is Progressing, with considerable spirit, while prepsrations for the bridge over the Genesee are progressing finely. The stone for the piers and abutments are nearly dressed. The timber for the bridge is nearly all ready, and when the water in the river gets low enough to allow the ebay pes the piers, the bridge will soon be thrown across the river. MILWAUKEE AND WATERTOWN RAILROAD. The contiact for the construction of the Milwau- kee and Watertown railway has been let to Bishop & Co., of Braneper, Connecticut. They agree to build and equip the road wee lst of July, 1854, for €575,000, one quarter of which they take in stock. THE PARKERSBURG RAILROAD. The Parkersburg Gazette states the work on the Northwestern or Sse Railroad is rapidly progressing, and that there is every prospect that the contractors will complete their contracts within the stipulated time. RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG AND POTOMAC RAIL- ROAD. The report of the last ea Biseenna of this company as made at the ann meeting on May 30, shows a most prosperous condition of affairs. The receipts of the year were $254,376; and the ex- : Scbeees including the cost of two new locomotives, o new passenger cars, and a new depot and office at Piatt amounted to $141,120. This leaves a balance of $113,256; out of which the regu- lar dividend of seven per cent was made and $20,501 added to the contingent fund. This fund amounts now to the sum of $172,684. The relaying of the track with the edge-rail is to be immediately com- menced. PACIFIC RAILROAD. About twenty five miles of the Pacific Railroad, west from St. Louis, are now in order for the running of cars; they now pass over it, carrying rails, cross ties, and other material for laying and finishing the track. About the Fourth of July the route will be re-organized so as to arrange for extending the trips of the passenger cars to the neighborhood of the Meramec river. RAILROAD FROM HOBOKEN TO CANANDAIGUA. The project of a railroad from Newburgh to Syra- cuse has been swallowed up in the larger project of a road from Hoboken to Canandaigua, and thence by the road already completed to Buffalo; an admirable plan, saving ninety miles distance, which may how- ever be swallowed up in turn by the plan of an air line from Hoboken to Cincinnati, which will save twice as much. The line selected is midway between the Erie and Central Railroads. It is to passthrough Rockland, Orange, Ulster, Delaware, Norwich City, in Chenango county; Otsego, Cortland, Cayuga, neca, and Ontario. The road is to be built of a double track at once. Its grade will not exceed forty- three feet to Norwich, and near forty feet beyond. A saving of ninety miles of travel will be obtained be- tween the extreme points, New York, Canandaigua, and Buffalo. The length of the road will be 265 miles. The cost will be $12,000,000. MISCELLANEOUS. The city of Milwaukee has voted to loan its credit to the La Crosse and Watertown Railroad, by a yote of 1,340 to 16. The arrangement for a consolidation of the Toledo, Norwalk and Cleveland road and the Junction road have been completed and adopted by the stockhold- ers. The combined road, we believe, is to be called the Toledo and Cleveland road. The Saratoga travel over the Northern Railroad is rapidly increasing. Arrangements have been made | by which passengers arriving by the New York trains at 10 o’clock A. M., and 6 and 8 o'clock P. M., can leave for Saratoga at twenty minutes past the hours above named. The branch from the Boston and Maine Railroad, Sree from Medford to Winchester and Stone- ham, will probably be completed the present year. The work is pro; sing rapidly. In Winchester rails have already been laid. The citizens of Milton, N. C., have appointed thirty-five delegates to the Railroad Convention to beheld onthe 6th of July at Clarksville, Va., to adopt measures to extend the Roanoke and Valley Railroad from Clarksville to Milton. The Rochester, Lockport, and Niagara Falls, the Buffalo and Lockport, and the Buffalo and Roches ter companies, met in Rochester, on the 20th ult., and were unanimous for consolidation, Crimmar Sratistics oF ALBANY.—The follow- ing is @ staternent of the arresta of persons charged with criminal offecces, and brought before the police magis- tater, in the city of Albany, during the month of June, OvrEnces.—Murder, 1; passing counterfeit gold eoin acienter, 1; false pretences, 2; forgery, 6; suspicion ol Durglary, 1; embezzlement, 1; larceny, 2; arson. 1; pip ; Assault and battery, assault and batter on officers, 136; 3; breach of peace, 66; drunk in the street 38; keeping disorderly house, 2; disorderly persons refu: sing to support their families,’ 12; threats, 2; petit lar- ceny,.32; Riot and affray, 14; bastardy, 2; vagrancy, 24; mircellaneous, 36; violating eity laws, 40, Total, 410. Wuw BNGLAND. The Herald Commissioner's Report. Acton, (Mass.) June 23, 1853. A “ Batch” of Towns—Acton—Its History and Character—Revolutionary Reminiscences—Value of Property--Agricultural Productions— Milk Trade—Manufactures—Boots, Shoes, Powder, Printed Cloths, Sashes, Blinds, Machinery, Bar- rels, Pencils, Bellows, Hubs, Pails, Mills, Clothes, &c.—Fruit—Bedford—Property and Purswits of its Inhabitants—Lincoln—Value of Property—Its Position and Character—Peaches—Carlisle—Its Productions—Railroad Facuities—QNote. Among the various towns of whidi “ Old Con- cord” is the mother, the most noteworthy, in all re- spects, is Acton. This town dates back to the year 1736, having been incorporated on the 3d of July. It was, however, settled long before it had a corpo- rate existence, and lay within the bounds of Con- cord. It appears to have always been a flourishing place, and distinguished for the uncompromising spirit of republicanism by which its inhabitants were animated. Of this a notable proof was given in 1776, when the first proposition was made for the formation of a republican government in this coun- try proceeded from the people of Acton. In the Revolution Acton produced several men who might have been Cromwell's aids, so resolute were they in their opposition to the kingly rule that it was sought to establish over the country. So early as 1767 this town united with Boston in opposition to the use of British manofactures. In 1770 it entered into an agreement against the use of tea and other foreign articles. Early in 1775 a company of minute-men was raised for service, and placed under the command of Isaac Davis. On the 19th of April, this company was among the earliest in the field, and felt the first effects of the British fire at the North Bridge, at Con- cord. It is generally admitted that it was owing to Captain Davis's advice and entreaties that the t ricans advanced against the English, afterhaving Di bead ‘ack in the early part of the day. Captain avis and us company headed the column, and he was shot, togettic. sith one of his men, and another was wounded. The Legimnture of 1451 granted the sum of $2,000 in aid of the ereny of monument at Acton, in honor of Davis and Hunop to which the town added enough to erect a fine Ci tea The Acton men took, part in the attacks that were nna, on the English as they returned to Boston. A story is yet told of one of their number, which shows how ferociously the fight was carried on. At the foot of Fiske’s Hill, in Lexington, is a house, around which James Hayward, an Acton minute-man, proceeded to get some water. As he was going to the well, he saw an Enghshman coming through the house for the same purpose, and the recognition was mutual. “You are a dead man!” said the soldier, levelling his musket. ‘And so are you!” returned Hayward. They fired at the same moment, the soldier imme- diately dying, while Hayward was mortally wounded, and died the next day. This was rather warm work, and quite Homeric. The place where the affair oc- curred is always pointed out to the traveller on the “old Boston road.” It is quiet enough now, and cree remains substantially as it was seventy- eight years ago. Acton is about twenty-five miles from Boston. In 1850 it had a population of 1,664, showing an in- crease of 438 in ten years, being at a considerable higher rate than the increase of Concord. In the same time the value of property was increased from $260,202 18 to $541,225, considerably more than Ces The value of ‘the money at interest, and of the shares in banks, railways, &c., was $48,000. The chief agricultural productions are Indian corn, oats, rye, barley, millet, wheat, hops, hay. wood, po- tatoes, beans, “vegetables,” fruit, dc. The meadow land of all kinds is about 2,200 acres: of pasturage, almost 2,700; of woodland, more than 1,300; of un- ie roved land, 4,900acres; of land covered by water, acres. Considerable milk is taken from Acton to Boston, but a large portion of it is obtained from the neigh- boring towns—Marlborough, Littleton, and others— by Mr. James Hayward, who runs a car to the city for the purpose daily. The ponds in Acton are very beautifal, particular- ly Nagog pond, which is a mile long, and lies partly in Littleton. Next to it is Grass pond, which covers 133 acres. Assabeth river runs through @ part of the town. Ice is taken only for local purposes. The wood of the place is composed of the several varieties of the oak, pine, chesnut, maple, birch, elm, and locust. There are varieties of the box, the barks of some of which, it is said, have been used as excel- lent substitutes for the Peruvian article. Without geing so far as to assert this positively, I can find no ifficulty in understanding that the bark of any tree, not absolutely poisonous, must be far better as medi- cine than the adulterated trash that is called “bark,” par excellence, but is much more like a bite. The manufactures of Acton are quite numerous and very profitable. Mr. John Fletcher employs from forty to fifty hands in making boots and shoes, and other persons are engaged in the same pursuit, though not so extensively as Mr.Fletcher. The New England powder mills, carried on by Colonel Bratt, are situated here. Upwards of thirty thousand casks, of twenty-five pounds each, are annually made, and the establishment is eapable of turning out forty thousand. It was here that the great explosion took place last winter, though the concern has been rather a fortunate one, thirteen years having then elapsed without an explosion. Mr. Wm. Schouler (cousin to the gentleman who lately edited the Bos- ton Atlas) has a print works establishment here, and Mr. George McLerren a type dye works. Mr. Noyes has a large sash and blind factory, and Mr. A. Hay- ward an iron machine shop and a pencil factory. There are three other pencil-making establishments. Barrels, mast-hoops, truss hoops, &c., are largely manufactured, and also bellows and wagon hubs. Mr. J. Buttrick manufactures pails and similar arti- cles, Col. W. 8. Faulkner is extensively engaged in enying on grist, plane, saw and plaster mills, and Mr. D. Wetherbee is in the same business. Many clothes are manufactured here, at a large tailorin, establishment, and sold in various parts of the Unit States. The production of fruit has been Preatly incfeased in Acton of late years. The sale of apples last year was about four thousand. Mr. Simon Tuttle has been sear econ in raising peaches, and this kind of fruit will soon enter very lecgely. into the roducts of the town, as new orchards have been laid out. The sale of various kinds of berries in Boston market, from this place, is exceedingly large. Sales of some articles are made in Lowell. Butter is not so much made as formerly, and of cheese there is scareely any produced. There is some honey made. In favorable yeara, about three hundred bushels of cranberries are gathered. Last year the oou we @ failure. They were more fortunate in Concord, whence several hundred barrels were sent to New York city. Green feed for milch cows is obtained in large quantities by planting corn, which is cut as soon as it reaches to the height of fat inches. For some time it renews itself, and in this way is a good deal of land used, and an arti- cle obtained that is very productive in its returns in the shape of milk, for nothing better as a feed for cows can be imagined. Bedford is another small town, formed principally from 8 of Concord’s old country, and datin, from 1729. It has about a thousand inh sbitants, an its principal article of agricultural Fi grec is In- dian corn. It produces also the other agricultural articles common to this region, in reasonable quan- tities, but is considered not to be very favorably situated for farming put The value of proper ty in Bedford, taking the valuation of 1850 for a basis of calculation, cannot be much less than $400,000, which is an extraordit amount, when we consider ie size of the place and the peculiar infelicities of sition. Shoes are largely manufactured there, and the business is very profitable. Other branches of manufacturing ind are pursued, and with profit. The people of Bedford, in the revolutionary war, did good service to their country. The value of money invested in various ways, there owned, in 1850, was $47,000. Lincoln, another of Concord’s offsprings, dates back to 1754, and is now in her hundredth year. It | is a small place, with but little over 700 inhabitants, | the increase from 1840 to 1850 being but ten, or one a year. In property, Lincoln makes a better show, more than doubling in the same time, having $232,- | 614 79 in 1840, and $482,822 in 1850. The value | of the property in stocks held there in 1850, was | $87,000. Indian corn, rye, oats, hay, and trait | are produced in considerable quantities, e9- pecially the latter. The Lincoln peaches have a | name, and deserve it. The crop there never seems to suffer from those things which destroy or materi- ally lessen it in other places. It is source of con- siderable profit to the farmers, who, it is due to them to say, are by no means unreasonable in their chargea. Some of the cultivators of this queen of fruits send all they raise to Boston, where it meets with a ready | sale at high prices, particularly in those years | when the Middle States peach crop is small. There | are many berries gathered in Lincoln, which also finda quick sale. Of milk the sale fs large from that town. Mr. Brown, of Concord, takes about | twenty-five thousand ons annually for the market, anda rather larger quantity is sent by the way of Lexington to the same place. Some of the farms in Lincoln are very fine, and the Perce- val estate is @ model of a place for a country gentle- | man who happens to have a large amount of bank stock. Sandy Pond, sometimes called Flint’s Pond, isa large and handsome shect of water, covering | some two hundred acres. Th to, or bod to be, a prect lace of resort for gentlemen to the rather la- rious sport of catching that shark of the ponds, the pickerel. Years ago the Legislature passed a law forbidding people to use more than one hook while fishing in Sandy Pond, eight months in the | been divided for the purpose of maki year. Stony Brook, which flows through Lincoln and ‘Weston’ and which gives ita name to reay station in the latter town, originates in Sandy Pon The water falls into Charles River, in Waltham. Sandy Pond is connected with Beaver Pond, cover- ing some fifty acres, by Lilly Brook. revolutionary history of Lincoln shows that she made great exertions and sacrifices in behalf of the common cause, and vastly out of proportion to her means. The outlay for purposes o' igion and education has always been large, the smallness of the place considered. There has been no material change in the amount of population for upwards of sixty years. It has rather diminished than increased in that time. The town (ores Arm quiet, and eminently rural in all its characteristics. Itcan be safely recommended asa place of residence to any one who is fond of strict re ent. Carlisle is the twin sister of Lincoln, being set off from Concord in 1754, though it was set back to that town three years later, and its existence as a co1 rate town dates from 1805. It is a small town, with about 650 inhabitants. The increase in the value of property from 1840 to 1850, was $125,000; that value rising $195,893 95 to $323,524. The amount of stock in banks, &c., owned there in 1850, was up- wards of $41,000. Indian corn, oats and hay, are the chief agricultural productions. The farmers find ready sales for all their surplus articles in Lowell, which is about nine miles distant. It was thought, some six years ago, that copper ore could be found at Carlisle in large quantities, but the working of the mines was soon abandoned. All the four towns of which I have written in this letter, Acton, Bedford, Carlisle and Lincoln, have been largely indebted for the rapid appreciation of their property to the construction of railroads, the first and the last being in the line of the Fitchburg road. Acton has been made quite another place by that road, South Acton being literally built up under its fostering influence. There are two station houses in Acton—one at West Acton and the other at South Acton—from which cars run several times each day. Had the road been carried through the middle of the town ‘as was originally planned, the benefit of ita construction to the place would have been com- paratively small. Lincoln has not so extensively profited from the Fitchburg railroad as Acton, but still she has done go to a considerable amount. Bed- ford is about four and a half miles from the Boston and Lexington railroad, and Carlisle is five miles from the Fitchburg. Nore.—It was early in June, 1776, almost a month before the declaration of independence, that the people of Acton, in town meeting assembled, de- clared in favor of a republican form of government for this country, which implied a severance of the connection between the mother country and the colonies. This is said by some of our most eminent scholars and pone men, to have been the first movement of the kind made in the present United | States, and it shows how deep seated was the oppo- British rule carried among the farmers of land, who were probably ready for inde- “ne before any other class of the com- _ Caries Le Caavcve. Worcester COUNTY, 205, June 24, 1859. The Counties of Massachusetts. County of Worcester—Its Position, Settlement and 2E tory —Number of Farms—Increase of Population and Property—Industrial Character of the Coun- ty—Agricultural Productions—The Pustribution of Land—Money, Stock, Buildings, Horses, Cat- tle, Sheep, §¢.—Manufactures—The Number of Cotton Factories—Manufacturmg Towns— Woollen Factories—Paper Mills--Card Facto- ries—-Linen——Other Manufactwred Articles— Lesser Agricultural Articles—Water—Ice—Fo- rests—Milk—Butter and Cheese—Meats--Poultry Fruit—Railroads in the County—The Valley of the Blackstone—State Lunatic Hospital—State Reform School—Conclusion. The counties of Massachusetts, as its first divisions, considered politically or geographically, are particu- larly deserving the attention of any one who under- takes to convey any idea, however crude in itself or imperfect in details, of the State. Each county has some distinctive peculiarity, more or less strongly marked, though to a distant observer all appear to form a homogeneous mass, while nothing can be more heterogeneous to the traveller, who examines things minutely, or to the citizen who shall pay a due regard to the facts that are accessible to all. I speak mainly, however, with reference to the modes of in” dustry in the different counties, which are very va- rious, and show how ingenious are the people, and how ready they are in turning the circumstances of their several positions to account. Suffolk county is about the same thing as Boston, and may be passed over. Middlesex is both agricultural and mannufactur- ing, and very successful in both ways. Her interests in shipping is but small. Essex is manufacturing and agricultural, but she is also largely interested directly im commerce, and especially so in the fisheries. Barn- stable isa thorough maritime county, and there is not a nation on the globe to which her sons do not penetrate ; yet isshe far from being destitute of agricultural resources. Bristol and Plymouth are agricultural and manufacturing and maritime, the former containing New Bedford, whose peuple fish in the Pacific, and as far off as Behring’s Btraits. Nantucket and Dukes are essentially mari- time, though there are good farms in the last named county. Norfolk is rich in agriculture and in manu- factures, and has a various industry. The western counties—Hampshire, Franklin, Berkshire, and Hampden—are generally looked upon as the richest that we have in farms ; but it is hard to say whether, taken asa whole, they excel most as manufacturing or agricultural communities, for though they have no great cities, yet each of their towns is the ecene of much labor not of an agricultural character. The county of Worcester is called‘ The Heart of the Commonwealth,” a title which it deserves, not more from its geographical position than from its character in other respects. In it the peculiarities of Massachusetts are perhaps more strongly de- veloped than in any other county. It has generally ‘iven tone to the politics of the State, and at one e it was a few men in the city of Worcester who governed Massachusetts. The soil movements, which led to the prostration of the long triumphant whig party, was commenced in Worcester, and here the soil party has always been stronger than elsewhere. It was because the coalitionists in the Worcester towns would not agree in support of the same candidates for representatives, that the whigs returned this year to honor. The first settlement in what now forms the count; of Worcester was made, I believe, in 1653, precisely two centuries ago. The anniversary of the event was celebrated last week at Lancaster, the place firat founded. The* town was then in the county of Mid- dlesex, or what ultimately was made a county of that name. The county of Worcester dates from July 10, 1731, an act authorizing its erection having been ed April 2, thatyear. It then contained six- een towns, among which was Woodstock, now in Connecticut. What is more, the city of Worcester did not become the shire town of the Cage fer considerable dispute and trouble. Ita cent posi- tion decided the question in its favor, and it has al- ways exercised a great influence over the county. In the revolution, Worcester county took a conspicuous part on the patriot side, and did good service to the common cause. General Gage, atone time thought of marching against Wi r, to seize stores there accumulated, 80 that Worcester came nearto having the honor of commencing the war. There were many influential tories in the county, but the people were two strong forthem. The “ itabilities” were used up, as they ever are when the people so will it. Worcester county contains fifty-eight (68) towns, from the city of Worcester, which had 15,963 inhabi- tants at the last census, to Paxton, which had but 808. Since that census was taken the city has add- ed upwards of 4,000 to its ulation. The next largest place is Fitchburg, which had 5,009 inhabi- tants in 1850, and now has about 6,500. Milford ig about a few hundred less than Fitchburg, growing very fast. It had 4,410 people three ne ago. The entire Cf etn of the county in 1840 was 93,462, which increased to 126,566 in 1860. It cannot be much belo# 145,000 at this time, judging from such facts as 1 have togo upon. Seven of the towns have less than one thousand inhabitants each, and not more than eight have above four thousand each. The valuation of 1840 showed the pcoet in the county to be worth $29,804,316, which had 1850 risen to $65,497,794, almost doubling. The test, increase was in Worcester city, where the value had rather more than tripled. ‘Mie next was in Fitch- burg, where the proportion was but a trifle behind Worcester. Many other towns more than doubled their property's value, and some about doubled it, or nearly did so. In no case, except where a town had & new town, do the official returns show a falling off from 1840 to 1850. The picture of prosperous increase is almost as pleasant in the de as it is in the ag- Gregate. The amount of the leading agricultural articles roduced in Worcester county, in 1860, was as fol- Sowa: Indien corn, 463,131 bushels; onta, 323,663; barley, 53,381; rye, 46,275; wheat, 8,264; hay, 155,619 tons; hops, 43,460 ‘Ibs.; broom’ corn, 1: tons. Of ‘| have been able to obtain no- one that I can rely upon as to the amount raised, ‘but it must have been very large. It should be re- collected that the articles named have a leading mercantile character, which always causes them to be mentioned, while there is little account made of numerous articles which are raised on farms, which Wage to Bs pendenc® munity. find ready sales, and which, under the names of “‘ve- » OF “ garden stuffs,” form no ineonsidera- le items in the list of every agriculturist’s produc- ioe i snpant of these raised in Worcester county, and which are largely consumed at home, is pig and inet elvan . well. Worcester is, », @ great fruit country, ite orchards being among the best in New England, and famous at once for the varieties and the qualities of their products, as well us for the quantity of the yield. Apples of every kind kuown to our flimate, peaches, pa, quinces, cherries, and so forth, here to be r id in vast quantity, with each succeeding year. Great attention has of late years been paid to the raising of fruit, and with the accustomed resalt, yx, such “delicate sttentions” being never inv. the orchard being no onquetia, ne ky 1850, was 164,830 acres; of ae of ev 344,936; of wood land, all of unimproved land, 129,523; of land used for roads, 21,548; of land covered by water, 27,263; of unim- provable land, 37,870; and of ti land, 41,110. The entire amount of money at interest, in 1860, was $5,615,600; tbe value of bank and insuranee stock, $1,424,660; of money invested in national and State securities, $8,475; of investments in rallroads, bridges, canals, &c., $535,870. The amount of every reons’ stock in trade, was but little short of 3,000,000. The number of dwelting houses was 8,588; of barns, 13,779; of all other works, buildings and edifices, of the value of $20 and upwards, 3,249, The nomber of horses, above one year old, 12,040: of oxen, four years old and upwards, 12,563; of cows, three years old and upwards, 36,033; of steers and heifers, one year old and uj , 18,445; of reed above six months, 9,631; of swine, same age, 2,765. The manufacturing industry of Woreester county is scarcely less remarkable than her agricultural condition. Although she has no Lowell, where the aggregate wealth of » few rich men can almost work miracles, nor even a Lawrence, she is not behind Middlesex or Essex in her contributions to the wealth of the State, in that way which arises from the inge- nuity of man in placing a new value on the works of nature. Of cotton factories, she had eighty-seven in the year 1850, ani the number is not less at the resent moment. The largest number of these Sas was at Blackstone, a place which hae risen to great importance of late years, as a manufacturing place. Gratton also had seven, but while her facto- ries had but 24,320 spindles, and ¢were valued at $218,880, with a price per spindle of only $9, Blaek- stone’s factories were of the value of $540,816, and the number of spindles was 45,068, the price per spindle being $12. The new town of Clinton, made but a few years since from a part of Lancaster, had three factories, valued at $429,000, with 21,450 spin- dles. Millbury ranks fourth, with five factories, valued at $213,160. Sutton, Sturbridge and Web- ster are the next highest towns in the cotton manu- facture, all the rest of the towns having less than one hundred thousand dollars cash invested in that way. This refers especially to the state of things in 1850, since which tin.c | have nothing official to upon. The city of Worcester does comp; ively but little in the way of mavufacturing cotton. There are thirty towns which are more or less interested in the business directly. The total value of the fac- tories was $2,883,982, and the number of spindles was 270,703. Tse number of woollen factories in Worcester county, three years ago, was fifty-one. Here again Blackstone takes the lead, and in @ manner ever more decisively thun in the cotton manufacture. Sh¢ had five factories of the value of $210,000, and witt thirty sets of cards, worth $7,000 each. The neat town in this business is Uxbridge, which had fin factories, valued at $180,000. e¢ third town it Southbridge, which had two factories, of the value a $150,000, including printworks for mushin de laine Leicester had seven factories, worth $102,000; ani the factories of Worcester city, eight in number, are i down at $114,000. No other place had above 78,000 so invested. The new town of Clinton had 75,000, and one factory. There isa carpet factor at Charlton, but the value is not given. whe amount of capital thus invested was $1,292,500, being about a quarter of a million less than that of Middle- sex, and about the same amount ahead of Resex. No other county comes near to Worcester in this rea- pect, though in the cotton business two or three counties come quite near to her, Middlesex leading her by more than two millions of capital, and by seventy thousand spindles. Worcester county is largely interested in the man- ufacture of paper. There were fifteen mills there in 1860, with a reported capital of $147,500, which is probably much below the real amount. Fitchburg takes the lead in this business, the num- ber of her mills being then four, and the capital therein invested $64,000. It has been Crm increased since 1850. Leominster comes next, two mills, and $27,000 eapital; then Westminster, with three mills, and $25,000 capital. The other per manufacturing towns are Athol, Hardwiek, yard, Millbury, and Worcester. Il may here men- tion, that the greatest paper manufacturing town in Maseachusetts is Lee, in Berkshire, where there are nineteen mills. with a capital of $191,000. There are fifteen card factories in Leicester, four in Upton, and one in Uxbridge. Amount of capital, $20,000. There is a linen factory in Dudley, with a capital of $30,000. ‘hese great manufactories, however, afford but an inadequate idea of the manufacturing industry o1 the county. We should look to what are considered the lesser manufactures, but the segregate of which is really enormous. Among these things are hellow ware and castings, anchors, chain cables, boote and shoes of every sort and kind, bricks, straw braid, stoves, prepared lumber, chairs of various descrip- tions, cabinet ware, straw hats and bonnets, palm leaf hats, straw cutters, tools, railroad cars, 5 wagons, leather, shoe pegs, saddles, harnemes, trunks, mats, shingles, scythes, axes, caps, tin ware, fire arms, ploughs, soap, candles, baskets, blocks and pumps, doors, sashes, blinds, sieves, trusses, saws and saw frames, bellows, ax-helves, quarried stone, brooms, gold and silver ware, pencils, marble, pails, whips, charcoal, shovels, spades, hoes, match- es, combs, forks, copper pumps, bobbins, buttons, boot and shoe boxes, sleighs, lasts, timber, rakes, brushes, cutlery, powder, toys, wire, earthen ware, machinery, locks and keys, brass ware, card wire, various kinds of presses, umbrellas, segars and enuff, aper hangings, casks, kegs, barrels, raw silk, &c., c., &c. Tbave jotted these articles down without regard to regularity or their resemblance to one an- other, but simply to show the various character of the industry and productions of Worcester. The palm leaf hats manufactured in 1845, the last year of which I have been able to obtain offi- cial accounts, were of the value of about $200,000. The same year 171,796 chairs were made in the town of Gardner alone. Of agricultural articles not ihe eg there are raised in this county, beans, potatoes, beets, tur- nips of different kinds, parsnips, carrots, tomatees, pumpkins and squashes, cucumbers, melons, garden seeds, peas, sweet corn, cabbages, herbs, buckwheat, various kinds of straw, cider, cranberries, eurrants, wood, peat, wool, and, in short, etree thing that can be grown or otherwise obtained the best farming region of Massachusetts, taken asa whole. The water of the county, in the form of rivers, ponds, brooks and springs, is abundant and good. Ice is easily procured, and is extensivel; housed. The forests are beautiful, and are sources wealth. Nor are the ornamental works of nature wanting. Flowers, those “smiling infants ef the prodigal earth,” thrive luxuriantly, and “ the purple rose and white lily of the lake’ can he seen in all the perfection of their bloom. Shrubs and ornamen: tal trees surround the residences of the people, and gardens and orchards fill the air with perfume. From the quantity of hay raised in Worcester, the extent of its urage, and the amount of exculents produced, it is easy to understand that it is a it milk country. In 1845, the amount of cheese made was a little over 2,300,000 ; of but- ter, 1,740,000 pounds. It is now found so pro- fitable to sell milk for consumption in Boston and other large places, that I doubt if the ma- nufacture of butter and cheese hay increased much during the last eight years. This is one of the changes that the extension of railroads over [eer part of the State has brought about. ‘estborough Milk Company at one time had formed the project of having a great d for the sale of the article in Boston, at retail, for four cents a quart; but, from some cause or other, this excellent idea was Biase up. Vast quantities of milk are sent over the Boston and Worcester railroad, and not a little of the article is sent by the Fitchburg road. Several of the towns raise,beef, pork, mutton, al = other ae be ay be haee same ead, in great quantities. Poultry and eggs are pro- duced to extensive amounts. Among the miscella- neous articles are honey, beeswax ani be sugar. The amount of fruit grown in 1845, as officially re- turned, exceeded 600,0000 bushels. All things eon- sidered, I consider it but a fair estimate to say that since that time the amount has been doubled. Worcester county is well provided with The Boston and Worcester, the bh ny hood ton, the Worcester and Providence, the burg and Worcester, the Worcester and Nashua, the Nor- wich and Worcester, and the Western, are all in in this county; and there are several roads of notoriety, but all working for the public ; i bie Mbit som bows Providence road is Be a than a railway, there being upwards of ¢ tion-houses in @ little more than forty miles, the rich valley of Blackstone. The flounshing towns and villages in this gether unrivalled. There are two of the State's institutions this county. The first State Lunatic Massachusetts was erected at Worcester more than Uy A ears since. I am to say that it is fall, and more than will not lac! i 1 ki is z dare & e i i if eS a igtee 4 BR 3, 1853. The amount of mowing lands, of all kinds, #"* 15,000 d, inds ineladed, 163,782; h thicty