The New York Herald Newspaper, June 2, 1853, Page 2

jnered before it was the lew of mations as understood, (and I fear there lees change in ite doctrines at the pre ent dey than we are ready to think,) a sovereign right to the territory a: pment ef a}! newly discov mhabited Eeatben tribes was believed to vest in the Christian prince vnder whore auspice: the discovery waa made. subject to the ratification of the Pope, as the ultimate disposer of the kingdoms of the varth.' Such wen the law of uations, ae then understced, in virtue of whieh, from the moment Cclombus, on the night of the 12h of Ootorer, 1492, eaugbt, from the quarter-deck of the Savta Maria, the twinkling beams of a taver from the shores of San Salva- dor. ali the territorial and political rights of its simple in- jorever. or tiat Cae f in the world | emigrants. The crows gave charters of governinent and _ ‘of Isnd; and a considerable expenditure was made rome of the comparies and proprietors who rezvived fe When ea the 0 falowiog ye his ved upon the’! theve grante; but upen the whole the Uvited Staten are | moveh longed for strand, it oomp’ with more | settled by individvals—the adventurons, resolute, high than electric speed, that terrible circuit which | spirited, sud in many casce perrecuted men and wemen, ornected the i lan ‘and the continent to the | who sought o home and ayefuge beyond the ses; ane span the virgin shores in 2a ended | oc at ae rea thot Te fursiatoa succession of | E rive they | eighteenth eeptwries, y | pn PL Pang 4 victhas of a long series of pebticaland religious disms could have fore een the future, would have felt, it I may presume thus to apply the words, that virtue had gose ‘out of it forever. With some of them the precess was | sharp and instantaneous—with ethers more gradual, but | not lees sure, wilh some even after nearly four ceaturies | it in still going on; but with all it was an irrevocable | doom, The wild and war like—the indolent and -emi- eivilixed—the bloedy Azteo—the iaoffevsive Peruviso— the fierce Araucanian—all fared alike—a foreign rule and | saan yoke settled or is settling down upon their neeks | er. Sueh was the law of nations of that day, not ense however, by Spain It was in reality the old princio! the > ‘of the strongest, disguised by a pretext colossal iron falsehoot gilded over wi'h the thin foil of a tere, who found. one after another, a safe and a conge- isl retreat in some one ef the American colonies. ‘This noble theme hes been treated with a beauty and whom I peed not name in this presence, ( 2 of the United States,) which, witnout lm pairing their authentleity, bave converted the severe pages of history into a magniticent Odyssey ef national adventure. I cap but glance at the dates. the first settle. ment. that of Virgisia, was commenced in the epirit of ‘worldly enterprise, with no slight dash however of chi- valiy and romance on the part ef its leader. In the next eneration this colony became the favorite resort of the al cavaliers and genviemea who were disgusted by the austerities of the Eogli+h Commonwealth or fell under its suspicion In the meantime, New England was founded by owen - ‘the same principle whieh prompt- e py hey eo Wr the Greeks and Romans.” Aristotle | those who suffered the penaltice of non-conformity. The asserts without quaiifieation that the Greeks hada per | mighty change of -1640 mapped the tide of emigration to Petual right of war aud coxquest against the barbarians | New Evgland, but recruited Virginia with those who wore Pehat in, all t a world; and the pupil of | dieafieeted totromwell. In 1624 the Islnd of Manhattan— Fristotle ‘preeiaimed this doctrine st the head of the | of which you have perhaps heard, avd ifnot, you will ind Macedonian phalanx om the banks of the Indus. Their- | its history related with learning. judgment, aod good Tuption of the burderous races inte Europe, during the | taste by a loyal descendant of its early settlers (Mr. Brod. centuries that preceded and folloved Christianity, reuted | bead,)—wss purchased of the Indians for t ty four dol sum of money, by the way, which seems rather low for twenty two thonsard acres of land including the site of this great metropolis, but which would, if put out at compound interest at seven per cent in 1624, nos perhsps fall so very much short even of its present value; though I admit that a dollar for» thousand acres ‘is quile ebeap for choice spots on the filth | avenue, Maryland next attracted those who adhered to the aucient tnith of the Christian world. New Jersey | and Penp-ylvania were mawly settled by persecuted Quabers: Wut the latter offered au avylug to the Ger- Bs w the sword of Lonis XIV drove from the imirate ‘The Fiensh Huguenots, driven out by the revocation of the edict of Nantes, reat" ‘the ven trom Massachusetts te Caroling, — The Dutch aad Swed. ish servile ewts ov the Hud and the Delaware provided a kindred home for such ot their countrymen as desired to try the forturecf tha New World The whigs of England who rebelled against Jater JI ip 1685, and were sent to the trensatlanri¢ colowier lived jong enough to meet in | exile the adberents of his son, who repelled against George I+, is 1716 The oppressed Protentants of Saizbarg come with Oglerberpe ‘0 Georgia; and the Highlanders, who fought for Charles Edward, in 1745, were seported hy hundreds to North Carolina. They were punir hed by be w their olesk hills and sterile moors to a Ov as good & prineio!e—rather better, the p feces he | varied alibough the Gauls and Goths did mot probably | ‘trouble themselves much shout pretexts. They adopted ratber the simple philosophy of the robber ehieftaia of Scottish Highlands:— Pent in this fortress of the North, Think’st thou we will set sally forth, ‘Yo apeil the =poiler as we may. 1 from the robker rend his prey. When the Yshometan races rove te power, they elaimed dom'nion aver all who disbelieved the Koraa. | Conversicn or extermination was the alternative which they olfered to the world, and which was announced ia let'ers of fire ana blo d from Spain to the Ganges. Tha States of Christian Europe did but retort the principle and | the practica, when in five sucovssive crusades, kept up | for wore than three bundred years, they poured dasola- | tion over the west of Asia in order to rescue the seoal- ehre of the Prince of Peace from the possession of unbe- Hievers Such were the prin practice under then ries of the tif ples of the public lew and the they existed when the grea? dis- rt nd sixteenth centuries took | piace. When he 1% began to purh their adven- tures far to the couta on the cosst of A’riea, in order to give to ‘hore principles the highest sanction, they vro- | cured of Pope Nicholas the Fitth in 1454 the grant of a right of sovereignty over ail the heathen tribes, na- tions and countries discovered or to be discovered by them, frew Africa to India aud the exclusive title thus | ernierred was reeoguized by all the other nations of | Chi istendom, | On the retnrn of Columbns from his first voyage, the kiog of Spain, vot to fall bebind his neighbors in the atreogth of bis title, lost no time in obtaining froaa Pope | Alexancer the Sixth, a similar grant of ail the heathen lands discovered by Columbus, or which might hereafter be discovered in the west. To preclude, as far as possible, all conflict with Portugal the famous line of demarca‘ion | was proposed from the north to the south, a hundred | leogues west of the Azores, cutting the earth iuto two | halves, like an apple, and, as far as tho new discoveries were coneerned, giving to the Speniards all west of the | live. and confirming all east of it to the Portuguese, in | virrue of the grant alresdy mention@i of Pope Nicholas the Fifth. I regret that waut of time will not allow meto dwell | upon tite curious history of this line of demarcation for benefit of all having boundary controversies, ‘and especially our stsier republics of Nicaragua and Costa | Rica. It is sufficient to say that it remained a subject of dispute and collision for three hundred and sixty-one Fe was finally settled at the Congress of Vienna, oaineal porricge to meat twi ill spoken by their d dred at the present ¢ ly share their exile (Applause ) ‘There in we doubt that the bardsbips which awaited the emigrant at that early day were neituer few nor sight, though greatly exeggerated for want of information Goldswit The Deserted Villog published in 1769, hat amusing picture of the state of things t to exist beyond the ocean at that tim allusion is to Georgia. it is probable that h formed bis impressions from the aceosunts which were published at London about the middle of the last centa- Ty by some of the discontented settlers of that colony. Goldsmith being well ue quainted with General Oglethorpe, was likely enough to have had his attention ealled to the subject. Purhaps you will allow me to enliven my dull prose with a few lipesof his beautiful poetry. After de- scribing the sufferings of the poor in London aé that timo, reverting.to tke condition of the inhabitants ot his ima- ginary Auburn, sad asking whether they probably shared the woes he had just paimted, he thus auswers his qyes- ticn:— Ab no, to distant climes, a d:eary seene. Where balf the convex world obtrudes between; Through torrid tracts, with fainting steps they go, Where wild Altama murmurs to ther woe. Far different there from all that charmed before, ‘The various terrors of that borrid chore: Those blazing suns that dart a downward ray, And fiercely shed intolerable day; ‘hore matted woods. where birds forget to sing, But silent bata in drowsy clusters cling; ‘Those poisonous fields with rauk In-xurianes crowned, he dark scorpion gat round, ch step. the str The rattling terrors of the v Where crouching tigers wait their he'pless prey, And savage men more mur erons still than they; nd thousands wou'd nodoubs giad- The territorial extension of Portugal and S:ain which resulted from the discovery of America was followed by | the most extraordinsry effects uyon the commerce, the finanees, ard the politica generally of those two countries, and through them of the world. The overland trade to ‘the bast was sbyndoned. The whole of South America, | and 2 censicersole pact of Noth Awerica, were in the course of the sixteenth ceut sry, settled by those govern men's, who orgsvized iu theis ‘transat!antie pos-essions a colonial syatem of the most rigid and despotic eharae- ter reflecting a5 far as was practiesble in distant pro- yinees beyond the -ea the stern features of the mother country.” The precious metals, and a monopoly of the While oft im whirls the wild tornado flies, trade to the East. were the great objects Aliens were | Mingling the ravaged land-cape with the skies. forbideen to enter the American vice soyaities; none bus | | Inthis rather uninviting sketch. it must he confessed | @ coptrabard trade was carried on by ‘oreiguers atthe | that :t isnot eary to recognise tke natural features of event this trade, a severe right of search | that thriving State. which possesses at the present day are extent of the coast. I | sbove eight hupared miles of railroad, and whieh by her ctonity, in another place, to | rap) ening population, end exiowment of ert to the efieets of this system upon the iaterna- | college cols and end all the other social toval relations of Lurspe Native subjects could emi- | institutions of a b ved community, is jast grate to there vast colomis) posses-lons only wita the per- | earning the wx te of the Sout mi--ion of tb of affording aa Alter repeating necessary to asylom to pe jon of the state, | eay, that thee war much ig ration conformity of belivt end more Fgidty | prevail 5 to the state of things ia Awerics, ip the colonies thi er country, Nowe | But a tew safter Goloemith’s poem appeared, an laxation in this respec n place im the remain- | event occurred which aroused acd fired the attention of ing colemes of Spnin even to ite present day. A‘ firche | the eerid. The revolt of th nies io 1775—the De- aborizioal tribes a’ter the first work of extermination | clarstion of Iudepencence in of the Was Over a reinnant was *aved from destruction by beiag | Revolutionary war—the aliience with Frauce—the ace reduced toa state of predi The dejected sud | knowlecgment of Ac svirit'ess po-terity of the warlike trites that offered no | 17 the establl mean resistance to Cortez and Pizarro are now the hew- -4 of wood and draxers of water to Mexic) ani Yeen.- Ia | @ word, from the extreme southern point of Patagonia to the northernmos: limit of New Mexico, I am_upjyémedt | Of"Kh ludependenc by the treaty of rative republic that anything hopeful was done f adivd these vast | tinct for the fret ¥ a g hog a 0 ; ons. for the fret time veard by either of the Euravaries, of it as 'a region realizing the w ons, Hun If thir grest territoris! extension was fruitless of beng. | dreds in every walk of lifs began to resort to ficial consequences to¥america, it was not less soto the | America, sul ¢epecially aetent young mea, whe merber couutry. For Spain it was the commencement of | were <i ‘@ period, not of prosperity but of decliae. The rapid in. | A: Bux of the precious metals, in the absesce of civil liberty and of just prirciples ana institutions of intercourse acd | ho eame to this country be fodustiy was productive of manifold evils; aod from the | yp end the late eelebrated Sir Irambert Bruvel, reign of Philip II, if not of Charles V., tne Spanish monar. | the architect of the Thames tuovel He informed me eby began to sick from,its haughcy position at thehesdof | that he became @ citizen of the Stateof 4s the European Saiily, “Ido not ascribe this downfall ex | belore the adoption of the federal constita clustvely to the caa-e meotioned; bat the possession of | that he wade come surveys to atcertain tl the two Indies. with all *heir treasures, cid nothing to ar- | ty of that great work which afterwards Fs Test—accelerated even—the progress of dsveneracy. Ac- | ty of the name of your Clinton tive causes of decline no doubt existed at home; and of | “Before the Revolution, the gr these the Inquisition wa~ the ch the robjectsef Englan@ A r ‘This was the weight chat dragged ber down.”’ forbade ihe ext The spirit of intolerance and perseeution, the tcandal | ea keyerd the Uhio. of ell countries and all churches, Protestant as well as | c Catholc. (no° exc«pting the Pilgrim Fathers of New Eog- Jand,) found an instrument in the Holy Office in Spain in the sixteeutu ceutury, such as it never possessed ia any otner age cr country. It was rot merely Jews aad here- ties whom it bousd to the #tabe—it kindled a» slow un. vatisfied with ti tical condition of Euros. epg these wae your erable President, Mr. Gal- in, one of the mort ivemt men of the last genora- poli | v York shnt even to proelams'ton of 1763 ‘op of the setilements in North Ameri- But without auch a» prohibition | the siill unbroken power of the Indiam tribes would have prevented apy such exieosion, The successful result of the Revoluticpery war Cid not materially alter the state of things in this respect, The native tribes were atill formidable, and the British posts in the Northwestern territory were retained. So little eoufidense was placed juepe*#ble fire in the neart of Ca-tile and Leon. The | fm the value of a title to | aver i i Sorrid strocitice practiced, not mecely in the Nether | te of PAL asian anlerseuiog sitence o | lands, but inevery city of the muther country cried to | orbam and Phelps, w! ght six mil | Heaven for vengeance upon Spain; noc could she e-caps | lione of scres of land on the G . shortly it. She entrenched herse'f behind the eternal Cordille. after the Pesce, for a few couts the aere. were ovliged to ras; she took to her-eif the wings of the morning, and | sberdon the greater part of the purehsse, f-om the dil Gwelt in the uttermost parts of ths sea; butevea thers | cul y of fincing under-purehasers to take enough of it of | the arm of retribution Iaid hold of her: and the wrongs | their bade to-enable them te moet the frst instalmenta. cf both hemispheres were avenged in her degeneracy and | Om one cceasien when Judge Gorham was musing fall. in a state of mental depression on the failure of this mag- But let us pass on to the next century. durivg which | nifcert speculation, he wns visited by his friend and towns events of the utmost cov-equenes fellowed each other in | man who hed returned from s journey to Canandaig: rapid succession; and the germs of in titutions, destiaed | then just laid out Thie friend tried to cheer tho Judge witl to influence the fortunes of Christendom, were p'anted | bright vision of the future g-owth of Western New York, by bumble men, who little comprebended their own | and kindiirg with his theme poisted toa sen of Judge work. In he course of tae seventeenth century, the | Gorba was in the room. and added, ‘You and I French ad the Engli-h took possession of all that part of | shell not live te see the day. bat that led ‘if he reaches North Awerice which was not pre occupied by the Span- | three--core years amd ten, will see a daily xtage oouch iards. The Frerich entered by the St. Lawrence; followed | rennirg as far west ss Canavdaigua!” That lad ia still that noble artery to the heart of the coutiwent; traced | livieg. What he has seen in the shape of travel and eon the great lakes to their parent rivulets and weevingfoun- | yeyance in the State of New Yerk itis not nesesssry be- teins, dercenced the Mississippi Miracles of humble.and | fore this audience to way. (Laughter and applause unavailing leroitm were performed by their galiantai- | It was the adeptionof the constitution of the Uaited venturers and pious missionaries in the depths of our | Stetes, in 1769 which gave stability to the Unien and com western wilderness. The English strevched along the | fidence to the penple. This was the Promethean fire, coast. The geographer would have pronouxced that the | which kivdled the body peli vital action. It crea Freneb, in appr: pristing to themselves the mighty bexins | ted a xetional force. ‘The Indiaus on the Southwest were Of "he Miseissipp! and the 8t. Lawrence, had got posses- | pacified On the Northwestern frontier the troops of tho m of the better part of the continest. But it waaan | general governm * Arct defeated: but after the t™mpt to compose the second volume of the ‘ Fortuces | victory of Wayne and the peace of Greeneville in 1795, the of america’ in advance of the first This i: was or- | Britich ports were rurrendered, and the tide of emigration daived should be written at Jamestown and Plymouth. n to pour ip. It was rather, however, from the older The French, though excelling nil other nations of the | States then from foreign countries. The vast regi world in the art of communicating for temporary pur- | northwest of the Ohio tad already reocived iis pelitioal poves with igeage tribes, seem, still more than the | organization as a territory of the United States by the Sceniards, to be destitute of the august skill required to | immortal ordinance of 1787. found new Siates Ido pot mnow that there issuch a rovidence was thus opening on this continent thing in the world as a colony of France growing up into t region that ever wea mado accessiale t & pro-yerous commonwealth. A helf a million of French | homen progress, want, or edventure, it happesed t persants in Lower Canada, tensciously adhering to the | the kingdoma of Europe were shisken by the terrible con. Meners ano customs whish their fatnera brought from | vpisions incident to the Freech ievolution France her. | Normandy two centuries ago. and a third part of that | self first. and afterwards the countries overran by her re. | number of planters of French descent in Loulatane, are all | yolutionary armies, poured forth their children ‘by thon- ther is left wo bear living witness to the amazing fact | ennds, I believe there are no official returas ef the that not @ century ago Fiance was the mistress of the | number of emigrants to the United States at the time. better half of North America. but it was very large. Among them was M. da Talley It wes op the atlantic coast and in the colonies origi- | rand the celebrated minister of every government in nally planted or soon acquired by Koglans, that the great | France from that of the Di , in 1797, to that of werk of the seventeenth century was performed—siowly, | Lovis Philippe, in whore reign he died = Teew. in Pea'e’s toilsomely, effretively. A mighty work for America and | Mnsenm, or Fhiladelphia, the original noties ‘subseribed Mankind cf which even we fond and proud o: it as we | bs him in 1794 of his ourpose to become a eilizan of the are. do but faintly guess the magoitade. It eould hardly | United States, Louis Philippe bimavif ewizrated to this be ‘sid, at the time to prosper tn any of its pvcta It | cour ry, where he passed thres years, nod iv well re no return 1 the pecuniary capital tevated, The | membered hy many per ona still living.” He habitually 1 relations of the colonies frem the first ke with gratitude of the kindaers which he experi- those of encroachment and resistance, and even th every part of she Unior. iple. as far as there was one on which they c wed not one red our There with the savag A the Freneh and ing and feud) petweon neighboring colo- liow of disseoting incividuals and sect cor’ with the crown mod the proprietarios the whole the werk went on work vinsly wo ked together: or if together thoy worked by reserioa aad pe) b 4 f remns hs oe neat gre~ to the Coaste- mM powerful colonies: havi t civil government Footed themselves io m soil that was continnalty atirred: the frase of future repudlics knit it-elf, as it wore, in embryo under ® muvaren cal aystem of co'onial rule. aad ip the middle of the eightesath century the approach of rr changes began £2 be daly forwen by gifted spirits. int streak of purple ligt : seer sty. purple light blushed along the ‘wo things werth mentioning contrib ‘ed to the rea One be absence ot the procius cerale, ‘The bt tish colovies were rich ip the want of gold. As tho abundorce of gold and silver in Mexioy aud Peru eon. t ionted, in varions ways, to obstruct the or mperity of the Spanish eolonies, the want of therm acted not lens fa vorahry here To the first sattiement of » cavaqe wilder. nes the golden attraction is ton powerful for the ordi- po Catal Py i Mra 4 a —— excitement v ¢ wth and calm action of the | text to the whole of Fur “quare mil [ee lea of the Unite? bs politfe. Although Colifornia has from tha frst had | Statee 3,200.03. In Enrapa f 7h 6M: see Ameriean AL 3. advantage of being iourporated into a stable polit) | Pe for 1863, pp $16 mud oI") Uy ie all tubjess to th As set no wequisition of verritory bad bean made by the United States beyond the limits of ihe “ritish colonies: but in 1803 » moat important step was taken ia the pur’ chaeof Lovidana, by #sich our p 8 wero extol ed though with an upset! south and he vorth to the Vacite 12 16 veces the Ta and ean n tribes in the Norvhwe-ter the cumpasens of Grveral Jackson a few years later broke The war of i Staten the poser of the nstive racer on the soutmern frontier Florida was sequired by treoty 2 ia 1819; and the Indinn: in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi w moved to the weet of the river Mis+! stopi tea or tweiva er Black Hawk's war ia Wise nein took place and a series of Todian treaties, both before and after that event, had extinguiehed she Toda title to all the lends east of the Mix-is-fppi, and to conciderabi tracts west cf that river, Texts wan acnexed to the Union in 1845, and in 1848 Naw Mexico ond Usiifornia wero aides to our vast domains. (Applaure.) T have, as yon perceive ron repidly vver these dates, ccampressing into one paragraph the starting pointe ia tha history of fature commouwesith», simply in their bearing on the subject of emigration There acquisitions, not inferior in extent to all that there was solid in the Roman conquests, bave resulted in our powession of « 2000 of territory of the width of twenty degrees of Jatitude, strevebing from ocean to oeean, and neariy eqnal in er | i | Revolution the land bas been greatly divided aud sub-di | tion of youthful leve— moderate prices, according. ofimproveuent, and thee acres in the ot Pata, eee ally government price of a éoi! & quarter per acre. ia this Pick most strikes the European tién. The Cid World is ni ‘all appropriated by imdi- viduals. There are publie domains in most foreign Countries, but of comparatively small nmount, and | mostly ferests. With this exeeption every acre of land is private property; acd in such countries as the Netherlanos, France, Germany, aud Italy, t Little in sold is sold ovly ata high price. I presume Exgiand i- far less tan in Tn the course of the Freneh ¥ the number ef lancbolders the State of New York. vided ip Franee and in Germany, aud is now held in small 1» but ewing to the limited quantity of purchaeab.e land, these farms when sold sre soid only at high prices, Ge yeaking, the mass of the inkebifents in Eu- rope ity to bold snd oceupy & considerable lande Pererty as the summit of haman fortune. The ugg mm that there l2 a country beyond the osean ere fertile land is to be purchased iu any quantity, at @ dollar and aquarter per acre, snd that dollar and « quarter to be earued in many parts ef the eeuntry by the Isber of @ sivgle day, strikes them like the tales of Aladin’s lamp or Ali Paba’s cave. They forget the coste ‘and vacritces of Waving home—the ocean to be traversed —the weary jilgrimage in the laod of strangers after their arrival. ibey see nethirg with the mind’s eye but the “land of promise,” they reflect upon nothing but the fect that there isaregion on the earth’s sutfaco where a fow cay’s unskilled labor will purchase the ice simple of an ample farm. (Apilauce ) Such as attraction would be irresistible wnder apy eir- cumstancer to the population ef an ol! country, where, as I have just said, the land is all appropriated, and to be purehared on'y in avy considerable quantity at prices which put its acquisition beyond the thougat of the maser. But this is bat huif the tale. It must not Le forgotten thet in this ancient snd venerable Kurope, whore civilisstion is the growth of two tuousaud years, where some of the luxurious refinements of life ars car- ried to @ perfection of which we have rearcely sn idea in this country, a considerable part of the population, even in the most prosperous regions, pass their lives in a sta Dut eve remove from ttarvatios—poorly fed, poorly clothed, poorly housed, without education, without po- litical privileges, without moral culture. "The averaye feotch, Welsh and Irish immigrants, in all parts of the Untied States. ‘This great Celtfé race is one of the most remarkable that bas appeared in history. Whether it belongs to wat ex tem : uropean family of vations which, in ages before the dawn of history, took up line of march two eolumps Lower Todia, and, moving westward doth by snocthern avd southern route fivally diffused iwelf over Weetern Aria Northern Afcics, an! the greater part of Ecrope; or whethes, as others suypose, the Celtic | reee belongs to still older stock, aud was itself drives down upon the S uth-end into the West of Europe by the everwheituing foree of the Indo Europeans, are questions which we have no time at present to dixsuss. However it may be decided, it would seem that for the frst time, ied with the fortunes of this as foras ve are acqu D interesting rsee, they have fovnd themselves in» reaily pro»perous ¢ ndition {a this country, Driven from the toil to which their fathera have clong for two thournnd yearn, they bave at length. and for the first time in their entire history. foand areal home ins land of strangers. Having been told, in the frightful Jauguage of political economy. that at the dsily tabie which nature spreads for the huwan fawify there is no cover leid for them in Ire land, they bave crossed the ocean, to Gnd occupation, shelter, svd bread, on a foreign soil.” (Applause.) This “Celtic Eacdus,’”’ a4 it hes been aptly termed, is to ail the parties immediately connested with it one of the most iwportent events of the dey. To the emigrants themeclver it may be regarded as @ passing from death to life. It will bevefit Leland by reducing @ surplus po- pulsticn, and restoring a sowder and juster relation of italand lebor. It will benefit the laboring elasses in nd where wages have been kept down to the star- yation point by the struggle between the native popula: tion and the inhabitants of the sister island. This benefit will exteod from England to ourselves, and will lessen the pressure of that competition which our laboc is obliged to sustain, with the ill paid labor of Europe, hile the constant influx into America of stout efficient, pds supplies the greatest want in « new country— which is that of labor, gives value to laud, and facili tates the execution of every species of private enterprise aud public work 1 am not inseasible to the temporary iuconvenieoces which are to be offset against these advartages on both ides of the water. Mueh euffering attends the emigrant there, on bis passage, and aftor his arrival. It is possible that tke velue of our native labor may hare been de pressed by too sudden and extensive a aupply from and it is certain thatour asylums aud alms- ¢ crowded with foreigo inmates, und tbat the of public ant private benevolence bave beea heavily drawn upon. These are considerable evils, but they have perbups been exaggerated. wages of the egricultural laborer in England were osti- mated @ year ogo at 0s, Gd. sterling—about 82.3754 per week Ths conaition of the working population oa the coptinent of Kmope is im pe degree better if as goo. contineat. We fourm remantic notions a countries that abound in wine aud oil; but io governed States of Italy~in Tuscany, for instance- jeesentry, thongb they y and the olive orchard, consume the fruit of neithe heve seen the Turcan peavants unable to bear the of the most o.cinary wine from the vineyards in w their cottzpes are embossomed, and whch can be pong! + atretail for a cent the fiash--pouring water over the grape sking #5 they come from the wine press, aud mms King that their beverage. Even for persons in comparatively easy clreumstancas in Eurose there are strozg thducements to ewigraic to Most of the governments are arbityary—tie op re sive—the exactions of military servi - inthe extreme, Add ‘o all this the bara: rity of life For sixty or seventy yeurs the continant has been one wide theatre of scarcely intermitted couvul- Nom Every couptry in it has been involved in war—there is scarcely one that bas nos passed through a revelation. We read Gf events like these ia the newspapers—we look upou them with evriority as articles of mere intelligence —or they awaken imeges of our own Revolution, which we regerd only with joyous asecciations, Fac dillerent the state of things in crowded Europe, of which the fairest felis in every generation are traupled by mighty armies into bloo¢y mire! Dazeled by tbe brilliancy of the military exploits of which we read at @ sofe distance. wo forget the anxieties of thove who grow up within the sound of the cavnon’s roar, whore prospects in life are ruined, their businces broken up, their litrle accumulations swept awey by the bankruptcy of governments or the general jee of the industry of the country, their sons torn rem them by ruthless cOnscriptions, the means of edu- cating and brivging up their families consumed by disas- trous emergencies Terrified by the Moent experience, or the tradition of there miseries, chousands emigrate to the land of promize, flying not merely before the prenevoe but the “rumor of war,” which the Great Teacher places on a level with the reality. (Applause ) er and anon some sharp specific catastrophe gives an intense activity to emigration When the reign of terror was enthroned in France, and when everytuiug in or terviee—of every age and of either ‘sex—from the crowned movarehito the gray baired magistrate and the timid waiden—wos brovght to the guillotine, hundreds of ibourands emigrated at once from the ¢evored king- dom, ‘The convulsions of san Domicgo drove m ist of the European population of that island to the United States, But Deyona everything else whi mncdern times, the famine which preveiled @ few years since in Irelend gave a terrific impulse to emizration. Jeft ber shores within five years. The population of this island. as highly favored in the gifts of nature as any spot cu tbe fece of the earth, has actually dimiai-hed more than 1.800 000 since the fauine year. [London Quarterly Review for December, 1851, p 191] The only example, perbapa, in Listory of a similar result in a countsy Lot viited by f ‘The populars g athe conres of nature, to have nerexced witbio ten years by at Jeast that amount, aod rm pcint of fect, between 18/0 and 1859, our own popula tion increased by more thon six millions, This prodigious increa:e of the population of the United Staies is partly owing to the erigration from foreiza conniries, whieh has t-ken place ucder the intlaenee of the cewes genernl, and specific, to whichIbave alluded. Of late yeurs. from three to four hundred thousand emigra are rep ieied at the revere! cuptom houses, as ar jn this country fa the course of the year. It is provable tbat a thivd-eahe ore enier by the Canadisn frontier, b lors thi ane of emigrants ace sup ty haye grtcges 3 States in the Inst-ten . va it is calewlared tuat there are i: pieleni day in the Luited States foreigrerr, who ha emigrated sin.e 1 ce ndante. There is nothis compared to this; but there ie a series of great movements which may be conirasted with it. In the Jerlod of a thousand years, which began s>out three or four hundred years before our Saviour, the Roman republic and empire were frum time to time invaded by warlike races from the North and East who burst with overwhelming foree upon the South and Wext of Furepe, end repeatedly carsied desolation to the gates of Rome | Thece multitnd'nous were not armies of ren, they were in reality patiens of kurtile emigrants They came with their wives—with their “young barba- rinos””—with their Ecythian cavalry—and their herds of cattle; and they came with no purpore of going away. The animus manendi wes made up before they aban- dove their ice clad homes They left tbcir arctic a le- giance behind them. They fonud the suuny bauks of the Arno and the Rhove more pleasant than tnose of the Den src the Volga. Unaccustomed to the sight of aay tee more inviting than the melancholy fir and the stunt- edtireb, its bravehes glittering with anowy erystel brought up uncer a climate where the generous fruits are uphnewn, there en of the North were not so mush farcinated as bewildered “in the land of the citron acd wyitls,”’ they gazed with delighted astonishment at the spreading elm, festooned with Falernian clusters they clutched with's kind of franife joy at the fruit of the fig tree and the olive;—at ibe welsing peach, the luseieus plum, the golden orange, and the pomegranate, whos’ tinted cheek outbluches evory th.ng but the living earma- ing at the tons of per 190, sed their With grim delight the brood of winter view A brighter day and heavens of azure hue: Scent the new fragrance of the breathing rose, And quaff the pendent vintage as it grows. (Applause ) By the fortune of war, tingle detachments and even mighty armies frequently sufered defeat. but their place was iintiedintely taken by new hordes, which fell upon declining Rome as the famiched wolves in one of Catlin’ pletures fail upon an aged buffalo in our Western prairies ¢ imperial wonster, powerful even in his decrepitude, would often scatter their undisciplined array with his iron tusks, aed trample them by thousands under his brazen feet; but when Pe turned beek, torn and bleeding to his seven hills, tens of thousands came howling from the northern foresta, whe sprang st his throat and buried their fangs in his lacerat tides, Wherever they con- quered—and in the end they conquered every where—thay established themnelves on *he ecil~invited wew eomers— anc from their uriow with the former inhabitanta, the nations of the South and West of Europe, at the present day, for the mort part trace their deseeat. We know but I'ttle of the numbers thus thrownia upon wan republic axd empire in the course of eight or ten centuries. They were, no doubt, greatly exaggerated by the panic fear of the inbshirants: and tne pride of the Komun historians would lead them to megnify the power before which their own legions hed so often quailed But when we consider the difficulty of subristing « large num. ber of pereons ina march through an unfriendly co —end this at a time when mnch of the now cultivated pertion of Lurope wae covered with forest and swamp—I am dispo-ed to think that the hosts which for a succes- sion of ¢ ies oversan the Roman empire did cot in the sgzregate exceed in numbers the immigration that bas talen piace to the United States since 1740. In other words, Iam inclined to believe. that within the last sixty years the Old World bas poured in upon the United States & bomber be gecko = Pouca : their patural in- ” ent icto Luroge in these v tions of barbarons races, . lest bia Bere, of course, the parallel enda. e cane to waste and to subjugate; the hoate thet crons the Atlantic are peaceful ha nigrants. The former burst uoon the Roran empire. and by oft re pented strokes beat i: to the ground, The immigrants io Ameries frow all countresecmeto cast in their lot with the naive citizens, avd to hare with us this ere. inheritance of cvil avd religivus liberty. The for were ferocious barteriava, half clad in skins speak ‘The races thst in- Puro: strange tongues, worshiping wtange gots with bl river the latier are the children of the count frat uropean revilers of this eontiven belong. with us, to the great noom. The former destroyed the sneleut world, and it was only after stuon-and that a better eivilizatinn grow up feom its ruins,” millions who heve established themvelves ia Ame withio siaty years are from the moment of thalr ar giodvally cbiorbed isto the wage of the pypulatios con formnitg to the lawa, ouldivg theraselves to the ‘min ners of the coun ry, aad contribatin prorverity aud atremgth. (Applause, It isa curtons coincidence. that as the first mighty wave of the hostile immigration that barat uooa Ba ops before the time of our Saviour consisted of tribe Melo ing to the great Celtle race— the remains of which, {d+ fied by thelr original dialeet, in Wales, in the highlards of <éotland, and especially in Treland—o by far the greater portion of the new and friexdly immigration to the United States consista of ; thelr share to ity Ke athe still found in Brittany, percens belonging to the same fervid, iuaginative, ani Eke esed race. I have heard in the villages of 1 highlands of Scotland the iu hed in substantially the same language in hich Freeones uttered his haughty summons to Rome, and in which the mystic rongs of the Dreida were chaunted in the depths They eat but little animal food eitber in Pact oF the | avs their lives ia the vineyaid | ary way conspicuous, whether for station, wealth, talent, | ch bas been wituessed in | Not lees, probably, thaa oue milion of her inhabitents | eign wart or civil ¢ nvulsion. | in the annals of mankind to be | }t must be remembered in the first place. that-tho iwmig ation daily pouriog in from Europe is by 20 means # pauper immigration, On the contrary, it in eacy reewded with apprehension abroad, as occa: pic o great abstraction of capital.* Itis attended no covbt «ith am influx of foreign pauperism. Tareference to chit, T believe your sysiem of public relief is better | here in New York thau ours in Massachusetts, be whi a is weit ts adminis: jort more than our shi of needy ace sent in upon us from other States. e createst seaport, must be exposed toe burden However the evil ‘arises, it inay Lo ligated by judicious legislation; aod in the amschuretts aud New York might do a ¢ with w portion of their surplus means thin | feed the hungry, clovhe the naked. give a home to the stro) ger and kindle the scark of reason in the mind of the poor foreign Inpatic, even though thet lunatic may | hove been, (as 1 am ashamed, for the credit of hamanity | to say baw happeced,) set on shore inthe night fow a | ocasting vessel ard ‘ound inthe morning in the fields half dead with cold, end hunger, and fright But you si y are foreigners.” Well, do we ows | Ro duties to foreignere?’ What sas the founder of Vir gin‘a, when a poor Indian girl throw herseif between him and the war clcb of her fathe:? What were the Pilgrim Fatbers, when the friendly savage—if we must call him so—met them with the salutation of * Welcoma, English- men!” ‘They are foreigners.” And supposo thay are? Was not the country nil but ready a year or two ago to | plunge into conflict with the military despotisms a 1u2 cast of Europe, in order to redress the wrongs of the op- who feed their flocks on the slopes of the Carpathians, and pasture their herds upon the tributa- ries ef the Danube, and do we talk of the hardship of re- lieving destitute foreigners, whom tbe hand of God had guided across the ocean and conducted to our doors? (Great applauee ) é Tam not indifferent to the increase of the public burdens; but the time hss been when I have felt « little prend of the vast eums paid in the United S:ates fer the relief of poor emigrants from Europe. It is an annual sum, I have no doubt, eqnal to the in‘er- et on the foreign debt of the States which have rs pudiated their obligations. When I was in London, & few years ago, I received n lcvter from one of the interior counties of Exgland, telling: me that they had ia their House of Correction an Jmerican seaman, (or @ person who pretended to be,) wh» was both pauper and iogné. They were desirous of beiog rid of him, and | Kixdly offered to place him at my disposal. Although he | did not bid fair te be a very valuable acquisition, I wrate | back that be might be sent to London where he could be shipped by the American Consul to the United State. I ventured {0 add the suggestion that if Her Majesty's Mivirter at Warhington were a plied to in a similar way by the overseers of the poor and wardens of the prisous in the United States he would be pretty burily oscupied. | Dut Treally felt pleased, at a time when my own little State of Marrachusetts was asristing from ten te twelve thoueund destitute Pritish evbjects annually, to be ale to | reheve the Priti-h empire cf the only Awerican pauper | quartered uyon it. (Great Jaughter and applause ) Mr. Present aad gentlemen, my huinble tals 1% told, | Its fet ine Cent is Colembus, begging bread for his ehild | atthe geterf aconvent Its last finds you the stewards of this unmenee than impere! charity, providiog emslorment and food | fir slarvicg nations, ard a howe fo. tugilive rac s. = | tte ti E buch fur y i tted rage 6, and tl them from the’ eoun: 7 rix dollars (about fifteen mi: renptm, | The clo: | of the p ever we ae waking important changes. Caccs.the elmonars of thiy more of the lecture wns received with a repetition wits which had been so frequently eroked The immense audience then dis gits delivery. persed. Board of Assistant Aldermen. SPECIAL SESSION—OFFICIAL. Wepxsspay, June 1, 1353. Tresent—Asristant Alderman Barker, in the chair; Assistant Aldermen Woodward, Ring, Wells, Hunt Bou- | ton, McGown, Stewart, Wheeian, Crawford, aud McConkey, STATE SCTIOOL MONTY'S The CnaraMway apnounced tha: the Board had been con vered in conformity with the second section of the cbarter. | On motien of Arsistant Alderman Rina, the report of | the Finance Committee of Boaid of Aldermen, in favor of appropriating $129,971 91, to pay druft of State Superin- | tendent of Common Schools, for quote to State School meneys for 1862, was taken up sad coaeurred in by the following yore Affrmstice—Messrs. Weodward Ring, Wells, Hunt, Bouton, MeGown, Stewart, Wheelan, Barker, Cra *forq, ad McCorkey—1i. The Board then adjourned to Monday next, at 6 o’closk. From the miautes. C. T, MeCLENACHAN, Clerk. DEBATES INTHE BOARD OF ASSISTANT ALDERMEN. {Gur Special Report } Assistant Aldermen Bankes was, in the absence of the Prerident, choren Chairman. He announced that this mecting was called by a requisitiea from the Mayor. ‘The report of the Board of Aldermen in relation to the Pe fot of $129,971 91, for the support of the Common a ay of this city, was then taken up and read by the rh. Alderman Rive did not see why the Comptroller should not wish to borrow money for thia object. It was very curjour and inconsistent with hie former comduct. If it would be referred te the Firance Committee, whe would repert cn Monday, tome light might be thrown oa the subje Alderman Woopwarp thovght that it should have been paid long ego, and meved that they concur with the Board of Aldermen. Alcermen Bouton raid no doutt there was a law com- peHig the Cowptrolier to pay the tex. They might ns pe coucur with the other Board now as at any other ime. ‘The ayes ard nays were then taken on the seveptation of the report and sdoption of the resolution, which was usenimously lonted. The Boar then adjourned until Monday evening st 6 o’cloek. Charge of Murtler on the High Seas, UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT. Before Chief Justice Nelson. TRIAL @F DANIEL MOLONY, CAPTAIN OF THE SHIP ROSS, FOR THE MURDER OF 4 SHAMAN, IJvxw1.—The trial of Capt. Molony, charged with the murder of two seamen, on board the American shi Ros- cius, one voyage between Liverpool and New York, was ealled on, The accused, together with John Christisn, the dostor of the ship, is charged with the murder of two seamen, zamed “Emannei” snd ‘‘Yankee Chap.”? Sopar. ate trials were demacded and conceded, ané the govern ment decided on trying Capt. Molony first, and on ose ia dictment, nsmely, that for the murder of “Emanuel.” Mersrs Fullerton and Dunning appeared for the prose- cution, end the Hon FB. Cutting, Hon. Ogden HoYman, and Mr. Geo. F. Betts for the accused, ‘The petty jurors were called, snd after eight poremp tory challerges on the part of the recused, avd five being exensed for having conreientions reruples against es ital puntelment, the panel ss exhausted, and only eight jurors #rorn, when the esse was adjourned till Thursday , by which time the Marsbal was direeted to have ‘onal penel. [During the swearing of the jarors, the J two or three yeotlemen had ached hit if they were to be Lept together at right He wonld not object 10 their re;ora' ng if the coursel on both sides agresd Me Cat: ting sald it would sll depend upon the charactec of the jorers eworn whether jhe would conseot or not. Me. Hotmen thonght es the ena'om of confining jurors the wight hed been so frequently imnovaied, he raw yearct @hy In this ense they should compel them tore mair evay from their homes at wight J] ‘The codneel consulted for some tine, and Mr. Danning said that the statote requires that the counsel for the prisoner were entitied to have a copy of the panel two days previous to the trial and the question was whethor they could waive that point. ‘The Judge then seid that he would direct tho Marshal to summon thirty-six jurors as talesmen, which would obviate any objection. The trial was adjourned until 10 e'elock Thurrday mornin; [The Hon. W. H. Seward, United Staten Seoator, was on the Beneh for a short time gfter the setting of the Court.) THE LATE POST OFFICE RODBERIES. The Grend Jnry found a true bill ayeinst Theodore A. Rossie, for stealing from the New Yor! 't office, lette-n containing mor welry, &e., whilst o: ed as & clerk in that tablishmment?” ” or Governor Boutwell_ bas been elected to the Massachu- 76 sald that the primeval forests of F; and time of Julius Cesar. It ta stil spoken by thousands of | Fette Constitutional Convention, now in session in Bos- ton, unouimously, from the town of Berlin. Swartwout and Mr Birdsell—Letter from \ Mrs. etrusall. " ‘70 THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HXRALD. Naw Yorx, Juue 1, 1853. fin—In your journal of the Gth-of April there appeared a letter trom famuel Swartwout, Esq , from whish the following is an extract :— ‘At the time I le‘t office in 1638, Mr. Birdsall was indebted to r 13,000) dollars borrowed me upwards of thirteen shaeae: ad ia phe an ors money, of which sum Mr. Dirdeall was t 7, end nota loser, by his | 0 gaine with this subject of my defaleation t, permit me to request | iNieato of the Clerk of ta of this distriet, 1 | will barely add that there is not at this day any suit or judgment agaivet ste any we of my muserien Ay onion .—-Very respec our obed aes dbe hi hacer ied 8 SEL SWARTWOUT. Iwas Mr. Editor, much surprised and pained to hear of such a publication having appeared in your paper & few days alter the deeease of my husband.” had never beard bim speak of any indebtedness to Mr Swartwout, ‘and I did not believe that any extsted; still I was feuctul that no record been left by which the statement | might be contradicted; but ous recent examination of bis papers I have fourd a liquidated account of money bor- the the Circuit Court o! rowed of Mr. Swartwout, of which the following is a | eopy:— Bensamiw Binpsary. 184—Jannary T lent 1286— April 29, *"_Octeber 26, —Oecto 22 “ —Nov'r 28, 1837—March 27, 1857—March 24,.....+ setoececeters $14,300 fume were refunded to Me. Swartwout from ho full ameunt.—New York, July 26, 1833. for the full ameun' a 1 Mr. Ogden, an is well known, was the cashier of Mr. Swartwout, while the latter held the office of Collector, The above ime to tim and it will be noted that the whole of the above fadebtea- | esr bad been paid some months before the éefalcation of Mr. Swartwout was known. It is true, I beli that there is no suit or judgment ANOTHER GRAND FETE IN HAYTI, Agricultural Display,, ke, Ho, ke : The Moniteur Haxtien of the 7th May—Soulonque’s: official journal—gives a full account of the great ag- ricultural féte, celebrated at Port au Prince on the- first of May. We translate it for the edification of our readers and for the astonishment of such as have still doubts with respect to the growing greatness: and proeperity of the black empire of Hayti. Accordng to the programme of the fé/e, at sunset Annual { on Saturday, April 30, Fort Alexander announced: the solemnities by a salvo of twenty-one guns, which: it repeated at sunrise next day. On Sunday, May 1, | the call for assembling was sounded at 4 o'clock in: the morning. At 6 o'clock the Imperial Guard and: , the troops of the garrison took up their position in.” line of battle order, on the Place Petion. The impe- | periel corps of artillery was stationed at the western. extremity of Palace street. At 64 o'clock, the Go-- yernor of the capital directed the resident mriculta- rists to the Place Petion, accompanied by'the officers of the rural police, and they took up their places be> fore the altar of the country. At 74 o'clock the constituted bodies, the consu¥ | and functionaries assembled at the imperial palace. At 7] the imperial princes and ministers proceeded: to the Place Petion, with a considerable cortege. | The altar of the country was occupied by the impe-- | rial princes, the Minister of Finance and Commerce, the Minister of the Interior and Agricultare, the: against any rtwout; but I understocd there was a treasury warrant lskued against ail of them, and leviec by the toa the 12th of No- vember, 1828, the record ef which may be fonnd in the office of the Clerk of the District Court, which covers all the property that sny of them then ‘possessed or may have rince acquired. which has never, +0 far as I kao ¢, been discharged, It is also true that nothing was ooliect- ed from toy hurband hy means of the levy, 4x he bed no Property at ‘hat tine rudject to the levy, having shorily previous conveyed all the same to bis numerous credit to extisfy mor’gege incurobrances tharéon, to the ano mt of one hundred aus tweuty thousand dollars ($120 000), fy endersors on hie notes at. the bapke in the e''y, J. BIRDSALL, The rut UNION COURSE, L. I.—TROTTING. Wrosrspay, Jone 1—tTrotting purse and stake, 4,000, three mile heats, to 260 Ib. wagons. other confidential obligations. 1, Woodruff named ch. h. Kemble Jackson. cst W.G, Abrams named bg. 0B) 22 J. Nelsen pamed'b, m_Roston Girl. 5 8 H. Jones ramed b. g. Pe 8 4 ©. Brooke named b.m. Vela’..°..) 49 G. Spicer ramed b. g Honest John... 66 Time, 8.088.013. CENTREVILLE COURSE, L. I.—TROTTING. Torspay May #l.—Trotting mateh, $500, two mile heats, to 250 Ib. wagons. D Pfifer nemed ch. m, Ella......24.5 H. Wocdruff named b m, Lady Hiley, Time, 5:58, Indy Haley was entirely out ef condition for the above race, und to make matters worse, rhe eut her quarter badly in scoring previous ¢o the start, She has another “dis. may be got in better order for that race as she hava mo't capital rag te ecntend with. Ella was the favorits atten to six. She took the lead at the start, ana kept it to the end, Ledy Haley giving the race up sfter the fi-st mile, She was beaten to the stand eighty yards im 2:57, and tsken up outeide the drawgate, the distance fag having fallen in her face, The last mile was trotted in 00, mile heats, best three 3.01, fame Day.—Trotting match, in five, in harness. C. Brooks named br. m Lady Orange 111 F. J. Nodine named ch, m. Rose of Michig 23 Time, 2:5034. 4—2:46. The above race was gotten up dy Grange county men, who came on here to dee: which of the above horees wasthe fastest. There has always been great rivalry ameng the horsemen of Newburg and the surrounding country to have the fastest nag, and road matches are matters of daily occurrence. The two above nawed horses have beem matehed more than once before, it is stated, the brown mare being the victor ; but the owner of Rove of Michigan, thinking that his mare would do better ona trotting track than on the turnpike, cisl- lenged the owser of Lady Orange for the sbove race, and for the want of speed, he is again $250 out of pocket. ‘This ought to satisfy the gentleman, for his mare has would cf heeping up with a locomotive eogine at full speed. Lady Grarge can trot in many of the beckers of the chestont mare gave up their stakes and lft the treck before the termination of the race. Lady Orange was never headed bat a during the rece, and that was av the start of te th heat In half a dozen strides »he was clear in front, aai jogged nicely on to the end. Theatrical and Musteal Bowery Theatkk —The receipts of this evening are for the benedt of Mr. Wem: whois tho box book keeper, and an old egtor of considerable cetebriry. The dill ho draw a crosded house, other sil ir establisnments will sppear on the oceasinn. Among the pames we find Messrs. © W. Clarke, Hsdaway, Hellomy. Leflingwell, Miss Davis, from the London thea- stayor. Besides, Mr. Eddy and Mra. Par- leading characters. The pieces seleatod are the “Love Care,” “Two Gregories.”” * Faint haart never won fair Lady,” “Richard Third,” and the “ Mum TRoapway ToeatRe.—The excellent actress. Miss Julia Deen, appears to night inthe character of Bianca, in the tregedy of Fi the Italian Wife’? The first repre- septation of Miss Dean. last evening, was witnessed by a highly respectable audience, and was received throughout with enthusiustie cheers. Mr. Conway appears aa Giraldi Fazio, Mrs. abbott as Aldebella_and dir. Barry as Bartolo. Miss Price will dance an Irieh Lilt, an1 the entertainments will term! with jarried and settled,” forming, al- together, a fine programme for one evening. Bull’ will be repeated this evenicg. with the great fa- vorita, Barney Williams, an Deonis Bulgruddery, and his wife as Lady Caroline Braymore. Mr. Williams seems tow to be the greatest favorite in Irish drama, and his wife 1s decided'y the best actress, as a representative of Yankee females, in the country. Besides this attraction, Mr. Burton and Mr. Dyott sppear as Job Thornberry and Peregrine. Mrs. Williame appears in five different c - ters in the piece called “In Place acd Ont of Place.” Namioxat. THeaTRE —Mr. Goodall, whose performances at this populer resort are drawing very large audieuces. pears to-Light in the character of ihe Stranger, aud Nicholls as Mrs. Hall During the evening the orchestra will execute several splendid airs, and Mr. G- Lingard will sing. The entertainments will conclade with the much admired piece ealled *: Robert Macaire,” with Mr. Goodall in the prineipsl character. Inthe course of the drama Mies Vartington acd Mr. Goodall will appear in a walte. Wa.LACk’s THEATRE.—Those who admire excellent comic ability should by all_means go and ee Mr. Blake ia Geoffrey Dale and Mr. Wallack in his inimitable represen- tation of Dick Dashall. During the evening the orches- tra, which is composed of several ewirent m-sicians, will play the overture to ‘‘Joseph,’’ by Mehul The entertain. ments will terminate with the comedietta of “Two Caa Play at that Game,’ with Mr. Lester as Howard Leslie, Waicot ss Arundel, and Miss Laure Keene as Lucy Arun: del. With such names Waliack’s theatre will be sure of liberal patronage. £r, CHARLES iFATRR —The afternoon performances at this establishment consist of “A Kise iu the Dark” ard ‘The Double Bedded Room,” with songs from Mi Van Ars¢ale and Mr. Rovinson, and « dance by Mr. Calls. In the evening the selec*ions he drama of the @ Soldier's Returm,”’ ‘The Queen of the Abruzzi,” and ‘Ladies’ Rights,” in which Mrs, Herbert, Miss Mitckell, and Mr Cooke will aposar. Awanican Musevm.—The attendance at this theatre of novelty is very large. In the ofternoon the. various sa- loons are crowded with ladies and gentl who seein to take great delight in the curiosives which the sabourds The performances in the raloon eoa- ke the Laborer,’’ ‘* Domestic Economy,” and ‘St Mary's Eve.” "ss BirropRrome.—The ad virers of all the vari- our pert of tke amphitheatre are invited to xee the grand tourrement, the stag bunt, chariot races, danctog yonies, elephants, and all the amusing features which sre prerented daily for publicamusement. Performances in the afternoon and evening Conmry’s Orera Hover.--Notwithstanding all the won derfu’ perfortoances at present given {a this city, this plece of amneement cootinues to be crowded rightly. Christy is @ great manager, aud he is makiog a fortune, MixetReL®.—This bend is in a caresr of at their negre delineations are eapltal; Boca, Nexcomb and Briggs are great fevorites, and Campbell iva firat rate stage manager—everythlog moves on ia fine orcer Pockiy's New Onigana Serevapers —This band re- cently returned from San Francisco, where they made a for deal of merey, perform every night at the Ohine e Rooms. Swaine Buckley is a host in himself A good tevor addi d to this company would make it the ne plus ulra Ow2ns Invites all those who are fond of travelling. par- ticularly to the European continent, to visit the Chianss Roce, where he gives @ leevure and eeenic illustrations on bis virit to Ment Blane, LLINGHAM BO®rwIcn day evening, w aoncert, which was ell attended, aud the a vere ‘ved with nd she will Koon give greae entburiacn, apother cover’. esbivited nightly at Georama Hall, Broadeay. The loo tore and scenic illurtra‘ions are capital, Mr. A. W. Fenno is playing s short eogagoment at th Museum, Troy. ‘the Troy Whig taye:—' Mr Fenno’s Iv gomar ou Menday night wasn fine plees of ncting. He reminded vs of Mr. Forrest very much. He i¢ pronounced by many to be the bert trageviac we have ever had at the useum. We think ourself it would bea bard matter to decide between him and several others—auch as Mr. Con- nor. Conway ond Eddy—all stare of high repute. "” Mr. GV Brooke has commenced a short engagement at the Walnut sireet theatre, Pniludelphia, The Freneh Opera cloned st Orleana Theatre, New Or- leans, on the 24th ult., with the Opera of the «' Prophet ”” Mr. James EF. Murdock closed his engsge nent at the Tittsburg Theatre on the 28th alt, vng to eighty thousand dollare ($80 000), snd, | A full report of this great race will be givea to-morrow. engagemewent with Ells, and itis to be hoped that she about as much chaneo cf beating Lady Orange as she | 9, or under—nark | thet. The race was very uvinterestiog throughout aod | prerents for the apvusement of hit patrons caunot fail to | Several eminent artists from | Burton’s TaeaTRe —The fine old comedy of “John | Basvarp's Hory Lasn —This berutifal panorama fw | grand marshals of the empire, the Presidents of the Senate and of the Chamber, and the members of the: Council of Netables. Monsieut Laveaner, Presiden tof the Council of Notables, pronounced the following discourse :— Cingen Agriculturie'#,—We celebrate to- one of the firet and most beautiful Sétes of the empire. In conse- cratirgan anniversary 12 agriculture, the government renders @ great Louor to that profession, among all professiona the first; it constitu extensive and mont avauerd substance of the wealth of the State; it is from agriculture, therefore, that Hayti cipal source of her happiness and it, theyefore, fellow citizens, with ar~ ou will thus as ure your own happ.neas, that of your avd families; the bappiness of soclety: the eonutry, Toil witn assiduity; it is toil aren wenith and peace, under whose shade Hherty and independence are enjoyed, It is toil, which elevates man to true greatoess, Cro yng are about being di-tributed to the goat laborious among you, that they muy be «neneva agement for those who will have rved them, and an emulation for all. Vagriculture. Vive Vempire, Vive la liberté, Vive independence, Vive his Majesty the Emperor. Vive the Empress. Vive the Imperia! family. His Grace the Duke de la Banpe-pu-Norp, Minis- ter of the Interior and of Agriculture, next addressed: the farmers in these words:— | “We bave just heord the Director of the Council of Notables I'shali have little to say to you. The féte | which we to-cay celebrate bas been instituted by the | constitution of the empire, in the design of honoring toil. of encouraging agriculture, which is the source pational presperity; thus the crowns and agricultural implements, which the most meritorious among you | are about’ to receive, form a real recompense: which every one ought to value highly, because the go- yernment wishes that their rewards be only given to those who manage their fields and enclosures properly— to thore only who produce much by their assiduity in- cultivating their gardens. You will understand, it isa means of provoking emulation. Let you, who are about to obtain the reeomp render yourselves ever worthy of it, Let you who see it distributed act 80 a8 to deserve it next year in your turn, by showing yourselves more industrious. Toil, iny dear fellow citizens, distinguishes man, asseres his well beieg and the future of his ily. It is toil which makes the glory and prosperity of na- tions. His Mejesty, the Emperor. who desires the hap- | piness of his subjects, asks you, therefore, to give r- | felves up to it with ‘ardor. employ your time well, and this goed employment will prove of great advantage to- ‘our harvests, and make satisfaction geow up about your Yearthe. Ged having ed you, we ought to go to his temple after the distribution which is going to be to render thanks to him, and to pray him to continue to: shed his holy blessing on your toils, so that they may be developed, and beecme more productive this year. And: as vo'bing is obtained save with the aid of peace, we will ask him to strengthen that which we now enjoy under the paternal government of his Majesty the Ea- eror. 2 Vive Ia constitution | Vive lsgriculture ! Vive l’kmpereur ! Vive Emprése ! Vive the lmperi+! family ! | After this speech, and while the farmers who had been the most industrious were being crowned on the altar of the country, the imperial artillery dis- charged a salvo of twenty-one guns. The troops of the line and the imperial guard then went to take up- | their positions on the church square, and the im- | perial artillery occupied the’ esplanade of the Inten- ance. The ‘cortege left the Place Petion for the: ¢hurch in the following order :— | The acriculturists, carrying cane stalks and branches jicket of hi f ueanee ot tis Majesty’ d. A picket of horse grenadiers o! ‘ajesty’s guard. Band of the infantry of the guard. Pupils of the government schools, accompanied: by their directors and professors. Members of Commerce. | The ministerial officers of the imperial court, and of the court of Cassation. Staff officers, and those unattached. Officers of the imperial navy, and of the port. Health officers. Justice of Peace and his deputies, | Employes of the different public administrations, and their heads of bureaux. Employes of the ministers. The Council of Notables. The Council of the District. The Central Commissioner of Public Lastruction. The principal officers of finance and of the other branches of the public administration, the edi- tor of the Monitewr, and of the acts of goy- ace aly the Le ae tae of ters, and the Secretary of the Council of Ministers. The members of the Im Court and the officers: of the bar. The Court of Accounts, ‘The Treasurer General. The Court of Cassation, the Procureur-General and his deputy. The brigadiers of the army. The Field Marshals. The Lieutenant Generals. The princes and the marshals. The Representatives and the Senators. The consuls of foreign powers. The Grand Marshal of the Palace and the Grane Master of the Ceremonies, The Imperial Princes. The Ministers, The Grand Pantler. The High Groom. His Majesty's Staff Major. A picket of light chasseurs . the guard closed the mar ‘ch. When the cortege reached the church, the masters of the ceremonies pointed out their places to each. The resident agriculturista oceupied the right aisle of the church. The religions ceremony was cele- brated with great pomp by the Grand Chaplain of the Emperor and Vicar General. At the consecra- tion and at the Ze Dewm, a salvo of twenty-one guns. was discharged by the imperial artillery. Etter mass, a grand banquet, prepared in the hall of the Council of Notables, reunited all the agriculturists. In the evening the city was illuminated. Supreme Court—General Term. Before Hon Judges Edmonds Ed wards and Morris, Juxe 1.—Jn the matier of Patrick Fitzgerald, convicted of the Murder ¢—A. A. Phillips, (Judge of the Ma- rine Court.) brought this case up on a bill of oxcep- tions, depending marly on the point, that the Judge at Oyer and Terminer, (Ed -ards,) refased to swears juror on the grounds of conscientions scruples against cap'tal punishment, theugh te (the juror) ¢aid he would reader a verdici according to the evidenes. The District Attor- ney appeered for the ney The Oourt sustained the decision and verdict of the Oyer and Terminer. that. pr Superlor Court. By Hon, Jéidge Morrie. Jonze 1—Decisi0n.—In the matler of Elizabeth McCar- tee, an alleged lunatic —The report of the Commissioners, (nding Mra. MeCartee of sound mind,) confirmed, Costa and expenses to be paid [by the Commissioner, Peter J. Bertine Domestic Miscellany. The Delaware Mepublican says that the new constitn- tion of that Stare (wnieh f te be submitted to the reeple for ratifiestica ) con ains ne new provision what- ever in vegard ta colored race. A Dill hes been reoorted im the General Assembly, of Connewicnt, by the Jud‘eiary Committes, allewing di- verces to be granted after owe yoar’s desertion. The Wakvlly (Fla) Times of the 18th Inst. says :—A very Cestructive fire has been raging for smo days past on ‘he tur pecting ylsntations ia this county, on the easte evn sice of the railroad, Hon Robert Toombs bas ordered an engine, on the Fricsson principle for his cotton gin in southwestern Grevgia. Sh uld it prove succersful, horse power will pro- bably be dispensed with, at least to nome extent, in the ginning of cotton. Mr. Andrew Herd, tobacconiat, of Pittaburg, drowned on the 24h inst. at Daw No. 1, fishing exeursion with two other persons. ‘The personal property of the late Judge Barnet, of Ohio. te be diapered of, mounts to one hundred thousand dollars, The realestate 1s variously estimated, but may be +1a7ed at abont ane million of dollars. ‘Vhe New Badtord Standard nays that a statue of the yen! sow sion of a family in Nantucket, Tt war en the Bourbon was bat «ix mouths old, to thi evantry sixty five years ago by ond was brow visited Fravee at that me,