The New York Herald Newspaper, May 17, 1853, Page 2

UTAH TERRITORY. Entoresting Intel from Great Salt Lake The eee of the Mormons— City. ‘We have received the Deseret News, from Great Salt Jake City, to the Sth of Mareh, being three months later than previous dates. We give below some items from the News, by which some idea may be formed of thejpecu Marities of the Mormon people. 3 The editor seems to think that everything outside of Mermondom is a most unsightly mass. He says the abominations, and corruptions, and debaucheries, and Githiness, and polutions, and wickednes#, and miracles of the Christian age in which we live, are such that they are Rot to publish at present. It is suificieat that ‘they De noted in a book, to be printed for the next gene ration; aad when the proper time comes the book may be evened. At present, if any one wants to read them, let him took into the work!’s papers, there they will find then. And even in Salt Lake all are not above suspicion. The News gives the following advice to the saints who contem- plete going to the diggings in California ‘Settle al! your ‘sceounts and pey your debts before you go. If you owe the Tithing Office, pay, or any one else, pay, and leave like gentlemen, so that you will not be ashamed to come deck if you should wish so to do, neither will you be ashamed to meet any of your old friends anywhere at a future day, because you ran away in debt. Dad as they are, expect to do this much when they leave any society or place, and sure you would not wish to do worse than those who never professed religion, Pay up, and go off in the day time, gentleman like,” The drama, as appears by the following, flourished for @ season in Sal e, Dut, like all things earthly, has gone te decay —\* The Dramiatic Association gave splen- ‘Gid social party on Saturday, the 26th of December, a kind of farewell to associates and friends. Tae drama silosed for the season oa the 23d, with great credit to our mew stage. ‘The Mormon folks are desidedly a great peoplo—a go-a- ‘head of a live Yankee val ge They must have their oysters and their clamé, and their lobsters and, crabs. Kead how they contemplate cultivating them:— “Oy sters in the Great Salt Lake, ‘Oysters in the Great Salt Lake’ Yes, oysters in the Great Salt Lake. ‘It cannot be, the water is too salt, they cannoi live there.’ | Then temper the water to their fancy, select a dry bay ‘er harbor, or what has been a bay, on the border of the dake and near the outiet of some large creek or river, ex- eavate that low ¢reund, forming an embankment with ‘the soil removed, on the border of the lake water or shore, with suificient gate or lock to pass any amount of salt water that may be needed out of the lake into the pew basin; and from the river form a canal with lock and gate fur the passage of fresh water; this done, admit sueh proportions of fresh and salt water as will form an egual consistency with the waters of the ocean, and put 4m your oysters, taking care to change the salt and fresh water currents, 4 occasion may require, to preserve the Proper cempera ure of salt, and when your oysters are ‘oid and fat, dig and eat them. Is thls the only new thing? No; when you procure and deposit your oysters, precure and deposit the clam, crab, and lobster, aud any other similar sea fish you please of the shell kind, and give them a chance to be neighborly, as in the ocean, and may be they will thrive tue better by keeping up gach others spirits; but be that as it may, they look well side on the table, und variety is good ‘to destroy side by ite. “Arby do Indies’ teeth decay before those of the sterner sex? ‘fhe News knows they do not, and his argument is good :-—‘It is agreed among medical writers that ladies’ teeth decay earlier than gentlemen's, but disputed whether it arises from the friction of the tongue on the teeth or the ever sweetness of the lips. With each of these theories we are at variance; nature only craves ‘that which rightfully belongs to it, hence ladies” tongues do not move only when they wish them to move, and if there be any extra honey about their lips the gentlemen | would be very likely to gather it therefrom before it had time to rot the teeth, and hence we must expect the gea tlemen’s teeth to rot tirst, having a double share of sweet —reatons suflicient why we do not agree with either pop- | ular thecry, but adopt one of our own” There are evidently hog thieves ia Utah; but whether honest men’s pigs are spirited away by brother diormons ‘or rnatched up by the wild birds of the forest, does not elearly appear. ‘The News says that—‘‘A gray eagle was ween perched upon a tree in bast Temple street, taking an observation on Mr. Bringhurst’s pigs, in a sty near by; ‘Dut Mr. B. not liking the unceremonious acquaiatance, ‘took an observation along his rifie from his door, and in- ited his RiasalsD. 9 alight very suddenly, where he was met by a e dog, to whom ue fell a hugging, kissing and patting his cheeks with his long finger nails without Teave; and while thus engaged, two men took him by each wing, and led him to Mr. B.’s without damage, only ene broken wing, the two wings measuring seven feet from tip to tip. Look out for pigs, lambs, and many other ings, ifsuch visiters are to run at large in our midst, ‘Bad Mr. B. not seen the bird, and missed his pigs, possi he might have thought his neighbors had been jevous; but even in that case we hope he would not Ihave done, as it is reported that a brother did ina ueigh- | Doring county, a few days since, who missed a pig, ant | ed his brother with’ killing it, &c ; but, im the end, his pig was found quite in another ‘ueighboriiood; whic Ynemented this good waxim:—Be not hasty in thy j wont; but, be sure you're right, and thea go ahead. ‘The editor becomes the champion of the wild Indians, and relieves himself of the following sort of “Bucks have at ze all” dissertation :~ ‘A ‘Utah; and ihey will want the wheat which thess poor Indians have saved by their labor, to help them on the: . For what? They won't know or thiok whe they get the flour ; but when they have arrived at Oni fornia, by the help of that flour, will go to shooting down Indians. Srothers to those who helped raise the wheat that the flour was mude from ; 0 yes! on the strength of the flour raised by the brother Of the murdered. O 1 Governor Young, of Utah, can raise grain enowrh, hh the labor of indians, by his wisdom and skill @omestic economy, to support ragamuffins enoush o ‘their way to California to kill ail the Indians they cin find when they get there; and that is all right, so loag as mobody thinks of it, but when we reflect what do we sce t “The United States—the whole people of the United States—egreed ix oue thing; and the people, # republican ent, the mase of the people, the most indepen. font people, agree in one thing: and what is itY To @lect representatives of their own choice to their nxtioasi assembly “and ‘what of that? own ehoice, in officers of Why, every man has yoted for his the whole earth—the grest, the glorious republic of North America, before whom Rome, in all her glory, ainks to nothingness “And what have this greatest and most magnanimous people the republic of North America done’ “Aye! it is k a question here. Shall we tell it? 1! on’t publish it, the News of reiterate it, lest Europe's crowns laugh st “Look at what’ That the people, ti the greatest and most exal'ed nation und Earope not excepted—the best government God has instituted amoog men for eighteen nundred ; ars —the glorious Republic of America—the people, who are the e rulers, have elected men to office, in Seaate and House of Representatives, whe aye yoted their consti tuents monty by thous California—one of the sister St —for fighting and killing the p: or jury; while those same Senutors and House of Kepre- seuitutives, in General Congress assembled, would not pay Governor Young, of Utah, one ceat for persuading the game class of Iudians to help raise wheat, and take care of it, by which the emigrants have been furnisued their necessary food to sustain those same gold seeking emi- ts to California, that they migut by thers, fathers end friends of tn threshed the wheat. Is this aa anomaly? if not what is it’ Who ever heard of such a thing before ? and Representatives of the United Republic of the United States, how does it look to you!—to you, who have voted tens of thousands, and hum of thousands to y for Indian warfare in California, Uregon, awl New ieo—your own ies— acd have not voted fone cent to Utah, infancy, has had more troubies with Indian. ue others combined, need to have bad, bad they hada Young for their Governo: Infancy bad to nd Cah was the one to give iwfant lesson to those territories. Now let otherterrito ies foliow Utah and give flour instead of bills. “We say, how does this look to you, ye Senators, Repre- sentatives, of American Christendom? Wast, pay me for shooting down poor, ignorant, degraded In lians, some of the lowest of God's intelligent ‘creatures by the whole sule, who know no better than to resent the mo ant insults which were offered them by a for they have done in California, (i praia p be believed); and when a patrist, like Governor Toung. arises in hf majesty, and travelsas hoe has, through the length and breadth ¢f the ‘erritery, to form acquii tance, to instruct, to counsel, and to ze a deg people, and save the effusion of blood, ‘don't pa} cent; we are the representatives of the peopl mast lock close after the people's mon we acknowledge it all. We have seen i id fede it. “And more, Let Governor Young feast and fat the Indians of Utah, and learn them to work, and feed our emigrants to California, and they will be strom off the ‘red di that have been cheated the hunting grounds, by t 2 World don’t onr folly. ven, all r indians, without judge y him a ani we e white intruders and mur. “Yes! go ahead, our country extends from the to the ends of the earth’ appeara to be the mot United States, but curse the Indians: if a mun shall at tempt to civilize them, as Governor Young bas done ahan’t have a cent of ‘our money. No, he may do i his own expense. Wo are willing to pay for killing them but we don’t want them civilized. The News of February 5th says:— “The mail whieh left Independence Laremic on the £0 t was due b Jearn by Mr. Little east of Laramie re ported the snow very deep on the entire route, except wixty miles. “We are alao informed that™r, Tuits Satler’s train of thirteen wagons were blocked in with snow at Ach Hol low, and fifty oxen hed died; that eattle and even dadian had diet at and in the vieioity of Laramie, and that a decisive proof of a deep snow and hard winter was manifested by the builaloos gathering in the vicinity of the fort, so that they could be shot any time, without the treuble of huntiag them.’ The following are the only items of general intelligence which are to be found in the columns #t the New: oy. lat arrived at ‘The excavation for the temple is progressing rapidly. About two hundred of the brethren are daily e1 ed on the work, under the immediate direction of Elder Wilford Wordrufi, and all that seems to retard their operations is the lack f teams to receive the earth from theapale. Are there not a few extra teams roamtug on the prairia, that the brethren would like to put into the temple service, when they are informed of the need of them’ An avalanche or snow slide came down the mountain in Mill Creek Kanyon, on the 10th inst., near A. Gardner's ow which is now erecting, burying in its conrce a Dbouse three mon resided, one of which had goae fortunately @ short distance down tho creek; on hearing the wamiog noise, he returned and found in the place of ‘the house an immense bank of snow. Boring nothing to y hy he hastened down the creek three miles for heip, elearing away the snow, they found the body of Mr, heavy emigration is close upon us again, here in | The world, | | come ‘topics | premacy, te, in the most free, enlight- | ened, dignified and glorious government on the face of | ‘nds and tens of thousands to pay | tes of the geeat repuite | whole people of | Senators | | doubling thesa Grover, having his sk having fell upon him. . Powell, who fortu- nately escaped with some bruises, having lain on his under the snow four or five hours with part of the on him. We understand that Mr Grover was an emi- grant, spending the winter in the Valley. The weather continued mild from last date to the 19th January, which was some cloudy; 20th, cloudy and warm. snow nearly gone in the Valley, aud frost mostly out the earth ia the city; Zist, some cooler, brisk wind from northwest at dusk, with theee or four inches of snow, froze during the night; 22d, milder, and continued to row more so for three or fou" daya, Wheo the earth was re: and the last of February was wari and pl like April. ull broke part of the chimney Also found No mail to San Diego on the Ist February, but started | in reallt for Sacramento aud Independence as formerly, although some Yankees guess that starting will be about albtill snow thaws on the mountains The fare from Salt Lake City to San Francisco is adver- tised for $120, including provisions, and to San Bernar- dino $80; each passenger allowed to carry twenty-live pounds of baggage. ‘A house in the Sixth ward, belonging tos Mr. Maraden, was burned on Wednesday, Dec loth. Furniture, bed- ding, clothing, &2., all destroyed. BILL OF PRIORS ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE IN saur Per Pound, To, Team work........ Common laborer: can in righteousnes: LEGISLATIVE, The Legislature of Uteh assembled at the Stats House, in Salt Lake City, on Monday, the 13th of Decessber, and — at first ballot, without a dissenting vote. ‘he following are the names of the members and off. cers of each branch of the Legislature :-— Muamers oF TUE CouNcit—Fiom Great Sait Lake Coun- ty—Willard Ricbards, Heber C. Kimball, Daniel H Wells, Orson Hyde, Parley P, Pratt, F. D. Richards. From Iron County—George A: Smith, }'rom San Pele County—Ixasc Morley. From Utalv County-—Aaron Jobuson, Asahel Perry. From Weber County--Loren Cuarles R Dana. Frot Davis County—Thomas S. Smith, Orricers or Councit—Willard Kichards, President; James Ferguson, Secretary; Thomas W. Ellerbeck, As: sistant Seeretary; TL Grant, Sergeant at-Arms; Robert T. Burton, Foreman; Henry P’. Richards, Messen- th, Chapiain, SP RESENTATIVES,—F Om, ant, A. P, Roek:ood, Benson, A. Carring- gor; George D. Watt, Repor Hot MEMBERS OF TIE Great Salt Lake C N. H. Felt, J. W. Cum ton, W. Woodraft. W. . ED. Woolley, J. Wright, Lorcuro Snow, G Davis County— Jebn Stoker, Henry W. 3 sbor County—J. G. Browning, W. G Allen. Utah County— Edson Whiople, Wiliam Page, Leonard E. Harrington, Joab County—Avdsew Love. San Pete County—Albart Petty. Millard County—Anson Call. Iron Csuaty—Geo, Primball, Joho i. Smith. Tooele County—John Rowberry. Orricens or THE Hovst—Jedediah M. Grant, Speaker uf the House; Thomas Bullock, Chiex Clerk; Jonathan Grim- tant Clerk; William H. Kimball, Sergeant-at- ; Joseph A, Young, senger; Joseph Busby, Fore- man; Walter Thomson, Leporter; Jeremiah Willey, Chap- Jain; Thomas Colborn, Assistant Sergeant-at-Aras. Governor Brigham Young delivered his message to the Legislature on its opening. He says the territory is in 4 most prosperous and cheering condition, but with no funds in the treasury, and not a oent in prospect. Domes- tic menufactures are daily increasing, and the people, under his advice, are dispenting with everything that cannot be made within tue precincts of the territory; bridges, common schools, universities, the manufacture > | of powder, military sores, and minor'works of internal improvement, occupy the attention of the Governor, and nll up a large share of his message, which is brought to a close with the following remarke oa the affairs of the general government, in which he raps both the Southern ultras;and Northern facticuists on the question of slavery; takes Congress to task for neglecting the business of the nation, to enter upon the work of president making; blames them for their neglect of Uwb; and shows the result of the continual scramble for oifice at the seat of governmert:— Being a part of she grand confederacy which has so long embellished the national galaxy, it ia but natural that we should cast furtive glances into her internal po- liey and public acts; although situa‘ed at so great a dis tance from her councils, which is the more formidable by no near approach by steam, which so nearly annihi- lates time and space ; yet every American heart’ can but sensibly feel the vibration of her’ pulse, determining the state or condition of the body politic. Although absorbed, as she has recently beea, in Presi- dent making. the reassem dling of Congress will, most pro, bably, reunite old party issues, and party clamor, and party Sights, as usual, dispose of the people's money, and the ‘people’s rights.’ Humiliating, indeed, to every pa- triot heart, to every lover 0? peace and good order, is the reflection that our country’s revenues appear to be a greater inducement in commanding the sezvices of her jue talent of the ratlon—than a patriotic sense of inspired by # love of her instituuons and devotion mble for office {s such that the more sensible end reflecting man, becoming Gisgusted with the chi- cavery and juggling of political tries.ters. refrains from participating in the arena of polities; and hence the ship ate is left to Le guiced by the reckless adventurer, whure wif sordid and ambitious views emanate his political cootomy, and cireumscribe his country’s glori by bartering her frecdom and her exeelience for indivi- Cusl agerandiement and party interest. Hence the sounds of dissen ‘on, secession, and disunion, whizu bul a few years ago no inan dared utter aloud have now be- { general conversation; and statesmen in grees coolly and deliberately hold forth path the halls the merits of measures which shall rive asunder tbe fe ct aud destroy the bond of Union, tl glorioa. consti ii thet honored, ee sacred, and inveluable bequest of pati ers. Honce also the fanatics! bigot, with the sp'rit of Northern su- seoks toenwrap in sacrilegious flame the altar of his country’s Hberties, ofiesing an unholy sacrifice, which, arising in encircling wreavhs of dark and turbid columns, emitting i e burning lava, beto- w = ‘“Happi out knowledge’ may evaporate | like the exhalations of the morning beneath tho influence | of the rising sun. The compromise measures of the last Congress have abated the storm, and thus far seem suf- ficient to guarantee safety and repose; but mot until the | subject of servituce, and the relation existing between master aud servant shall be understood anf acted upon, and carried out b. t ia our nation’s councils. Waeo wutesiuen shall learn that Afcic’s sons and daughters ure not goods and chattels, and will attach un- to them that humanity and moral accountability to which they are entitled, and cease to appropriate fo an inordinate cupidity the “ouls of men, and Northern fanat- to know that ‘Canaan shall be sorvant and that there is bat lit- e3 of Providence, or sub- it and flesh to perform dom to the descendants kindness, aud are ac- + them purchase their own house- ir kindness,$ wisdom, | in the spr-path: viatiog the ne own kindred sp ted by euperior # of Cain. Ifthe wisn to do the tuated by the Higher Jaw princ them into freedom and p.ace the ld, where th and ‘intellige in the bosoms of those who ther uestion hos been wisely izens, and the jaw of the asalutary méagure that it has of the calored population; also who see proper to re- slavery in Congress engen' should (being of « common in unity. Happily for Utab, th left open for the decision of Inst eession 10 far j us. Ir. Ferris, anc and each see 1 callin: ue Hon. Judge Shaver, illiag and anxious have recently artiy z, frresp to discharge the dut: an inadequate remuneration, which barely expenses, ¥ ion for se Congress’ has 1s millions oe c a, her officers and men in public service, and her hundreds of thousands upon the other territories, Utah is left without a solitary appropriation. In Utah we find those brave patriots and hardy sons of freedom who, during the from the hand of oppros- sion, responded to their try’s call, and, forming a battalion of over five hundced “tea, led th) way into , and under the gullant possession unto the t until its were secured by the idelgo ; ond being diacharged in two thousand m from their , withoat means to fit out, or defray axportation back to the thea uneertain noving camps, they lef ‘nea al ico’s most distant pre 3 ne meral Kearny, -retaised ‘the earth, th their way ettlements the gold mines “This enabied them soon to replentsh theirempty purses, and prepared them for their homeward trip, which under other circumstances they might lave beea years in ing. Thus wae opened up that flood of treasure ly caused many & heart to -ache'ia the of dearest friends, too many of whom, fill a stranger's grave, or peradventure have left their bones to bk the interminable plains, Al ough at the that they discovered California, at that time possessed of permanent citizens im the ratio of as to five tot new territory of Utah, then Deser. still in gold the { her opers'iang, she importe flour, beef, and other supplies, laving neither cultivated the earth for b ‘ustenance, nor constructed mille or ma chinery to manufacture ber necessary supplies. Gold, gold, iz tilt her or though she iay anoualty pro- duce her $100,000, of receive feom the general gov- ernment the r cilities in appropriations for eve- ry necessary prvlic improvement, also defeaying her ex- yenses in sbe fndian department, amounting ia all, to nearly four miliicos of dollars, she yet weltera under a very leavy indebwdness , while Utah produces nove of the precious metal, end eee comparatively nothing from the general government, {il] she hax her mills, and marufactories, her roala, and her bridges, raising her own bread and beef, besides exporting consi-lerable quan tities, preserves peaceful relations with tho=Iniians, at her own expense, and still (s fee from debt. As with the government, s0 with the people, seareely an instanse can Teall to mind of an individual ‘who has left his home to seek the gittering ore but bas declined in point of wealth, while those who have remained have in creaxed in substance, and in comforts, besides securing unto themselves a location and ‘mprovementa, which the it tient and greedy seeker after gold fiods himself un- able either to purchase or secure, thus demonstrating to Bi | am inflexible determination ai! parties on a righteous priuciple, | | evening C understanding of ¢ observer that labor, tl in fea the native element the : pensable supplies as well ae the luxuries to the inhabi- tants of the earth, becomes the operating agent, the capi- tal stock, the only true source of wealth to the nation: gyintees, comfort, peace, and to the peo- “Tt is gratifying to behold in the people of the Territery ‘to progress in public agter- rise and improvements, notwithstanding the neglect of gress in affording them those facilities always secord- ed to other Territories. It will not prove detrimental to the exergies, the enterprise, and the general well-being of the community, to be thus thrown uy their own re- sources, and compelled to progress t! h poverty in funds by their united labor and untiring exertions (whieh constitutes true wealth), to that station in society which, knowing no friends, fears no enemies. To oe pee it is poor poliey and a burning disgrace; to Uteh o present blessing and a future benefit, which their oes bh oan never South Kigoet “Then let us s' on, and being taught in the of adversity we Thal e better prey Meg pe td er epjoy Dore eid blessings, which will be sought, and surely obtained, through self-exertion and the rightly digeoted Industry ase enterprise of the ee e tive Assembly adjourned om ) Janu ary 21st, to meet on Wednesday, Ce ae 7] rT} x M., at the Territorial House in Salt Lake City. News 5 forty days is quite too short a time for closing up the necessary business of 9 new territory. ‘‘It may be that government thivks we en do business three times as fast as other territories. Ii so, s very small mistake—scarce worth correcting.” wn following were among the acts passed by the Legis- An Act for the building a bridge over the river Jordan. See. 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative As- sembly of the Territory of Utah. That the sum of three thousand dollars be, aud the same is hereby, appropriat- ed out of any moneys in the tressury not otherwise appro- risted, to be expended by and under the direction ofthe ferritorial Commissioner, for the erection of a good and substantial bridge acrors the river Jordan, ‘An Act grenting to Phineas H. Young and Brigham H. Young the right co erect toll bridges across East Weber and Bear rivers.—Sec, 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative Assembly o! the territory of Utah, that Phineas H. Young and Brigham H. Young shall’ have the right to construct a bridge across East Weber and Bear rivers, and take to ! from the traveling community, (as heretwafter specified ) for the term of fen yeary; pro videa— Sec. 2. That the said Phineas H. Young and Brigham H. Young shall make, or cause to be made, good and substantial bridges, to the aeceptacce of the ‘Jerritorial €ommissioner. Sec. 3, The said Phineas H. Young and Brigham H. Young are heroby authorized to charg» the following rates of toll for each bridge, vir-— For any vebiele drawn hy to animals wee se" four animals. 5) “ aes six or more animals 20 For every man and horse. a 0-25 has horses, mus, cat: st . +010 ogs, wants, &e., eae! 002 Aresolution for the encouragement of the Manufacture of Powder.—Be it resolved by the Governor and Legisla- } tive Assembly of the Tezritory’ of Utal.—Ist. fhat » pre- mium of t+o hundred dollars be paid for the first one hundred pounds of goou rifle powder that is manufac- tured from ingredieuts which are the products of the Territory of Utah; and on» huuéred dollars for the second hundred pounds; and fifty doilars for every subsequent hundreé pounds until two thousand poaads shall be offer. ed that is entitled to receive the premium. 2d. The manufacturers shall present it, together with the evidences that it has been thus manufactured in the Territory, to the Lieutenant General of the Nauvoo Le- gion, ard if it proves to be of suitable quality, he shall daw an order On the Treasurer for the amount of pre- mium due, Joint resolution to change the name of William Mac- pherson to William Mac. Kesolved by the Governor and Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah.—That, whereas Willixm Macpherson of Great Salt Lake vity, merchant, has petitioned to have his name changed to William Siac, the prayer of said petitioner is hereby granted. MARRIED) In Salt Lake City, Dec 18th, 1862, by Prest. H. C, Ktm- ball, Mr. Samuel Mcore and Miss Mary Caroline Hawke, all of Great Salt Lake City. On Jan. 6th, in Provo City, by"Bishop Isaac Higbee, Mr. George W. Bean and Miss Elizabeth B. Boum, both 0 TOvO. On Thursday, 17th Dec., by Elder Parley P. Pratt, Mr. Orin N. Woodbury aga Miss Ann Canaon, sll of Salt Lake ry. On Tuesday, February 22, by Elder John Taylor, Mr. Jobn Snider, Jr., and Miss Martha A. Babbitt, all of Salt Lake City, May their pleasures never cease, And their kingdom still increase, Because they to the printers sent The cake, and it was excellent, DIED. On the 2d day of January, 1853, Julia Ann Butler, davgbter of Charles and Vouisa Butler, aged 15 years and 4 months, of infammation of the bowels. Cn the Sth day of Januasy, 1853, Joseph Allen, son of Horea and Louisa Stout, aged 16 days. _ Also, on the 11th of January, Louisa, wife of Hosea Stout, sged 33 years, 2months, and 23 days. On the 19th‘of November, 1852, Charles Hober, oldest son of Allen J. and Elizabeth Stout. In Salt Lake City, the 21st of September last, Mary, Telict of the martyred Patriarch, Hyram Smith, aged 61 yeare, Number of deaths in Great Salt Lake City, 98—44 adults, 54 children—00 citizens. © Under & yruro, 40, Consumption, bs in 1852, Irangors! X-eseeecess Toflammation in the bow’ls +2 Diarrboes ....... Inflaramation of the lungs.4 Whooping cough. 4 Black” cavker, ‘1 Teething... geet Winte- fever "6 Childbed.:: ‘ Canker ..... 4 CROSSING THE ANDES. A Portion of the Paper on Crossing the Andes. Read before the Geogeaphical Society, b; Willtem G. Dix, of Cambsidge, on Tuesiay, | y 10. After the conclusion of the Hon, R. Bartlett's lecture on the Mexican boundary, Mr. Dix, being introduced by the President of the society, said that the rubject of his paper had no present connexion with the Boundary Com- mission, but that, if the fears of a portion of the people of the country of which he was about to speak were to be considered as tokens of coming events, it ceuld not be raid how soon a new boundary commission would be needed to define eur limits south of the line, CROSSING THE ANDES. The territory of the Republic of the Ecuador, compro- hended between two degrees south and two degrees north, has all the climates of the world represei within its narrow pounds. Itis but four or five days travel from tropical ofiluence of vegetation to snow and ice that never melt. ifa scale were there arranged, with | the marks of every zone set in gs accarate and beautiful succession as the notes of music, and one may imagin> these keys of earthly arder striking in unison with the harmonies of the epheres, in homage to the great organ- ist, who has go closely united here ‘seed time and har- vest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter.” Some of the highest peaks of the Audes are distant from the Pacific coast scarcely a hundred miles, and could the intervening distavee be traversed by steam, one could go in several Lonrs trom torrid regions to ever- lasting ice. But the journey is tedious and circuitous, on the backs of mules, in steep and rugged roads, except the ascent of the river of Gnyaquil to the eity of the same pame, and thence to the head of navigation, where the inland jeurney begins. Kuglish steamers ascend t river to the port, and the remaining distance ix accom- plished in cances, or in small steainers belonging to the v m the Pacitte to the last stepping placa 3 miles long. On tke national coat of arms, togetier with the peaks of the Andes and the rising sun, is portrayed the little steamer, or ore like it, in which the passage up the river ig made. Thia vessel mousts two guns, and, though not | a formidable picee of raval architesture, yet being dis- played thus proudly eminent above mountains and the sun, it ism source of towering pride to the republic, | strikes useful terrer into neighboring nations, and is a lively image of the present dispensation, when the usur- per stearn domineors over the maje:ty of nature. In the very land of tle Incas the worship of the sun yields to the prevailing adoration of steam. Of the two idoiaters the worship of the aad sublime. oY the viver is gouce than to devise a steambont or a crystal palane. Meanwhile, in waiting for that good time coming which steys <o long upon the road, let us proceed towards Quito, The river Guayaquil has not upon its banks—like that rem of tropical beauty the river Chagres—immense continuous forests, which, interlaced by myriads of vines, make each side of the latter sream a vast natu- ral arbor, bat itis much wider and givae lees obstructed views of the surrounding country—ot a fair morning or rborazo is seen far inland. There was ia New England, a few years ago, of a clear night, in the depth of winter, an aurora borealis, which ;eddened the entire sky; and the face of tho earth, covered with snow, was as red'as the sky above. Imagine euch an aurora to fall upon a distant mountain, four miles high, the sum mit of which is clothed with’ pure, perpetual snow, and you may conceive how attractive {s the flush of beauty upen the brow of Chim orazo at sunrise and at sunse:. ‘Well nigh impenetrable walls are formed of roots of the mangroves, hich line large portions of the river. Be hind these, on the low lands, are plantations of sugar, of cocea, and of rice. The broad plains are bordered in tho distance by forests and moumtains, the dark green out- Vanes of which appear at every turn in the stream. In the rainy season, the plain through which the river winds, and the few hills upon its bavks, area rich eme rald green; but, in the dry season, the whole eurface of the eorth is browned by the intense heat, excepta few low portions, whieh keep a vivid green, from unfailing moisture, ‘like oases in an Arabian desert, and sustain like thern a profuse variety of palms, On the sides of the river are several towns, and nu morous wide, level savannahs, from which arise the honses of the proprietors of estates and the ruder oncs of the laborers upon the soil, Tt: many places the banks are sandy and shelving, and of ® bright noon alligators bask on thero by scores in the aun, and it is amusing to seo a party of these devouring monsters enjoying tucir franquil seta, aroused by the discharge of « platal, and, terrified by the striking of the whistling ball near them, or upon one of their number, sliJe into tho water in ick, slimy tracks, like unwieldy logs of wood euddeniy ome animals by the influence of some spiritual me- dium, The current of the stream is 6 violent and an controllable, that i¢ wonld be all over with a person Sto sbould have the'ill fortune to fell in. As the scenery becomes more beautiful tho air also grows mere pestilentiol. Whea, in the rainy mn, every thing "wears a fresh aad living green, when tho foliage is most exuberant, and the eharms of tropical nd attractive, davgerovs distem- pre ; an the face of nature et genial, the face of maw grows wan. It séems to the phy- an is the more reasonable, natural, | Whea_ the good time coming comes there | | may be rcom for bigher achievements of human intelii- nto sf world could be more inde- Republic of the Ecuador; of its resources are hinde: compressed within ten degrees o four degrees of latitude, the varied materials for those necessities and comforts for which, in other places, the four quarters of the ,lobe are ransacked. The eoil and the air combine to support such animal and vegetable life as is neediul or couvenient for the sustenance of man, And if the lower districts, on a level with the ocean, are un healthy at times, within » few days’ reach are the moun- tainous regions, where the sallow cheek may soo blush with vigor, andthe languid pulses be quickened by cool reezes. After taking mules at the small town at the head of navigation, for the journey of about two hundred miles to Quito, travellers pass through some of the forests seen in esconding the river; luscious fruits hang within a hand’s reach; the yellow branch: the ripe plantain peer from lon, , waving leaves; coffee berries grow at the wayside; flowers, trees, and shrubs, peculiar to tropical regions abound; vines spread every way, em- bracing tendrils, and veil the majestic beauty of the groves; birds, snow-white, er of rainbow hues. fly grace- fully above the aoe trees. _Afterwards, the deep and sombre forests yield to fe: ill-sides ‘and valleys; instead of the plaatain, the pive-apple, and the orange, are the Rete, apple, aud the strawberry; instead of fields of the eocon-tree and of the erco-plant, are fields of wheat and of Indian corn. Tropical birds no more glance in their flight, but oxen are ploughing the soil; instead of venoa- ous serpents in the marshes and the alligators in the river, flocks of sheep graze quietly on the lofty pastures, and drink from the pure springs of the mountains. A+ the apparently illimitable forests recede, a few scant trees only appear in places of miles upon miles in extent. These gradations are not in an unbroken, ascending ecale, but you reach higher points, and descend lower ones, end, thence to 0 then, ascend again, finding not only va- rieties of climate, but these variously disposed Nature revels here in a profusion of wouders. Onc day she holds to your lips the pineapple, which, when di- vided, is of a pure and perfect white ; on the next, abo points to you fields green with growing varley, and, uear at band, éthers yellow with the ripened grain. She shows to you’ the _plsoghman guiding the deep furrows in tho earth, and almost withio call of him, the reaper, buay with his sickle. Now she descends with you into deep ‘ valleys, where the torrent sounds without ceasing, as it pours its swollen waters from the roountains, where the intense, per ading heat cannot make the moist soil wholly dry; where odors, like that of the vanilla, gratify the sense; where flowers are found of every hue, and leaves of every shape;* where terpents hiss, and the toucan wheels ing fight, where fevers ure enthroned in bowers of foliage, and ex: act tolls from travellers in burning pains and delirious thoughts. ‘Then, with the protuise of invigorating health, she allures you upward, and upward, and upward, in nar- row and rocky roads, through mists ‘and clouds and sv shine, now over sandy plains, and now up tortuous ac- clivities, over the tops of mountains, and down and up the ravines between them, until reaching a jutting peak, she points out to you, as if with audible glee, the condor, tbat soars above the eagle's flight, sailing serenely in the air, below where you wind slowly along the lofty ridge, and reluctantly turn away your dazzled sight from domes of perpetual snow, gleaming in the refi of the * per fect day ;” and, even there, having in view the marks of the arctic circle, you may'be nearer to the equatorial line, than when you began your journey, surmounted by tropical luxuriance of growth, and seeing the variegated plumage of tropical birds. Where, to the richest fruits the soil is kind, And toa vast array of brilliant fowers ; Whe.e is a thymy censor every wind ; ‘Where on the torrent’s banks crowd forest bowers ; Where leaves of plantains spread like generous hands To travellers, offering cool, delicious load: ; Where, far aloft, the palm her crown expands ; Stalks of the aloc line the mountain a Firm sentinels, that watch the centuries flight, And challenge them with floral banners bright ; The pine-tree wears its vesture soft of moss The passion. flower dieplays its way-side cross ‘The cactus blooming crimson in the sun Loft, waving vines in shifting beauty ru all that in odorous coneert bring Delight there revel in perennial spring Myriads of flowers, like gay dressed suitors there Court with sweet breath the pleased and pastive air ‘As Chimborazo is approached, the heights grow bolder and bolder, though the most of them are still covered with pastures and grazing cattle. The main road is that Duitt by the early Spaniards, and called the Royal road. It bears evidence of having been a noble structure, but the slow decay of time, the neglect of making repairs and the ruinous force of the torrents, have their dus effect, and now, besides the natural ascents and descents, the road is full of loose broken rocks, has many dan- gerous crevices and abrupt changes, Mh try to the ut most the extraordinary instiact of the mules and horses. Yet the uncomfortable mode of travelling is accompanied by the picturesque combinations which the zigzag wind- ings of the path reveal. You pass along the edge of a Hig peak, with another opposite equally high, and with a deep though narrow valley between; aad you look down upon. travellers or muleteers their beasts up the intricate passages; and when you dezcend you may yourself look upward upon horsemen ad- yancing slowly in places hundrecs of feet above you. metimes the horse will be invisible, and you but see the head and shoulders of the /horse- ‘man moying slowly aloug the side of the cliff, like a groteque figure ina magic lantern. Here you pass over a natural bridge, made, probably, by the incessant pressure of water now flowing freely’ under it.. Houses and cattle are seen in places that seem inaccessible. One house forms a continuous line with the edge of a precipice, which slopes on the other side, affording pas- ture grounds. There is no doubt more room than appear between the house and the edge of the precipice, but one almost trembles in passing along lest some furious wind may quickly sweep the dizzy structure with its inmates into the yawning ravine which it so romantically crowns. Tho heights are of many shaves. Towers, domes aud Pinnacles, of nature’s architecture, are on every side, and nearly allare “with verdure clad,” there being but few rocky cliffs to disturb the general gentieness of view. The majesty of the mountains is softencd by attractive colors, @ bright sun, a clear sky and glistening streams. On coiming suddenly to o valley, the red roofs of the town of Guaranda are seen, ant Draped we enter the town iteelf, Sauntering about the squares and streets are men arrayed in luminous ponchos, among which are rominent those of a bright red, lined with a bright yel- low. Upon the wall of an apartment of the house where we are to lodge, is a placard which attracts attention, fer upon it are these plain printed English letters, ‘‘Amo: keag Drilling.” This toxen of New England manufac- tures under the shadow of Chimborazo takes away what little pride we may feel in being so far out of the usual course of travel. Wherever on the broad earth a citizen of the United States may go, some countryman will probably bave gone before, either in person or in the fuits of his industry. The high tide of civilization among the Andes is again illustrated, when a teacher comes in the evening to give the lively whildren of our host their music lesson. 3 For a few minutesin the morning appears, directly op- posite the house, the distant summit of @himborazo, over the Jotty base of which lies the jonrney of a day; but clouds soon gather again and entirely conceal the moun- tain, As we travel on, the region becomes more wildand solitary at every step, The ridges grow more and more abrupt, the descents more and more precipitous, the more deeper and deeper, the day darker and darker, the whole face of things more and more dreary. The horses trem: ble and pant painfully, as they struggle up the steep and weary roads; now using all their strength to keep from falting on the moist and slippery soil; now sinking in deop now climbing over heavy rocks. Some of the cliffs are barren, bard and rough; but, after climbing to their summits we cannot refrain from stopping to look down npon tho valiey of Gueranda, growing more beautiful with every successive height, and r ing the fatigue with its chifting colors and prospects. There are but few sharp outlines in the valley, the elevations being mostly grace- contrasting with the ruder ridges immediately The town of Guaranda, with its red tiles and away among fields of constant liant island in an emerald ocean, of our horses becomes exhausted, and as it is not worth while to attempt crossing the moun- tain without st least an interval of rest, we go back a mile to a rude Indian hut, the only welling upon the mountains for several leagues. Clus- tering around a fire in one corner are a dozen Indian men, eating uncooked corn from the ears, Their faces Jook malign enough to intend mischief, and we are com- pletely in their power in the loneiy region, but they gaze fus and at each other, and continue eating their co-n. except that one, on understancing by signs that we wish to drink, runs with speed to procure sone water. After » hour’s waiting the laden mules arrive, and one 0 ena ia taken in exchange for the disabled horse, upon which ie placed the lightest burden. We again proceed, It has been misty and cold through the day, but, as we go on ascending huge masses of cloud gather about the path and hide the scenery from view, Close at hand may be deep preeipices, concealed by the deceptive mist; and the consciousness of this keeps the journey from’being dull and uninteresting. We feel our way along among the clouds, hardly able to distinguish tno Occasionaliy a traveller, after appearing like a moving monster, er like ne of those great hills, Jas missiles through the air, when Milton’s arch- angels fought together, reveals himself when very near, 1 u being, plodding, like oursel along upon his misty we: ‘Then clamberivg’ slo darkly, and with dificuity over cliif after clifi, we gain at last an even road, broader and lighter where the horses can be put upon the ran over thick, heavy sand, The horses, as well as ourselves, hilarated by the change, and we press on rapidly vyfully. We hope soon to reo Chimborazo itself, and rurh on eagerly to reach the house of shelter before night. As we thus hopefully urge our horsesou we are startled by seeing the mist rise slightly on the left and diclose a thin edge of glittering snow. Our eyes are fixed in surprise, and the white line grows wider and wider as the curtain of mist slowly ascends until it litts iteelf entively away, and there, directiy at our side, is the snowy dome of Chimborazo. The plain where we stand bound in wonder and delight is three times as bigh as Ve- suviue, and che part covered with snow rises ag far above thisas Mount Washington above the level of the sea. ‘The sun ja just at its setting and shines out with the promise of gilding the snowy peak with his last efful- gence, but clouds scon gather egain aud obscure the sun, but keep as it were conrcionsly aloof from the dome of the mov ntain, not daring to concesl from human eyes one of God's most glorious earthly works. Very soon the main road divides into paths, so narrow that, without diemounting, one can pluck the wild flowers growing at the ride. Ridges arise in perspective on reach: ing the tops of each, of whieh we hope to see below the small inn prepared for travellers upon the mountain; bat the eye scans in vain the dreary expanse at the fuot of cack peak, as long as there is light to see, Night hore follows closely in the steps of day, and darknoxs now comes on apace. The mountain, after wearing in the quickly gpproaching night a fearful pafor, is now entirely obscured, We can hardly ree ourselves except when very near, Our sagacious animals are left Lo discre- tion. We g@ up aed down these tedious cliifs, wind through intrie®® Passage, cross small bridges over i? black fisanros it earth, which, seen Matinotly in crozsing them, look more fr: itfal than at midday, jow, ite artful glare. Others of these moist exhalations from the of the mountain and are, at = stat 80 ‘as to us of their beam! from ‘some habitation, but tly they stagger away, The thelr forerunners, in deceptive Deer e seem retraci that we must remain all night ‘the po heey when the bark of a dog is heard. The mules go faster ‘Ascending ‘and descending snether small dee, we se@the gloomy outlines of a building, visible only fr ing blacker than the night itself. "We ask is be the ‘tambo.”” The instant shrill reply, “Si, Senor,”’ sounds more musically than softest Spanish hrases from Andalusian lips, This rough lodging place is better than tae desolate plain, where grow alone clumps of coarse wild grass. We encountered no rain upon the journey, and but little wind; but at certain seasons the wi terrific and perilous in the afternoon, so that travellers should cross the mountain as carly as they can in tM day, if oe would net be subjected to inconvenience, or pos- sibly driven away, like the disappeinted friars at the gate of Paradise, if not ‘ten thousund leagues awry by the violent cross wind,” perhaps to an uncomfortab! distance “in the devious air.’’ At dawn the glittering cone is of startling nearness and majesty, and its pale robes are relieved by a sky of ocoan blue. It is Sunday morning:— ‘The mountains of the Holy Land alone, Where guardian memories o’er each sacred stone Keep sleepless vigils, more accord with time Of adoration than his mount sublime. Not by the waves of —_ swept away, Untouched by fe envious decay, ith brow serene raised aloft it greets ‘The storm that fiercely on its bulwarks beats; Ne mortal lips more eloquent can be Of man’s low state, of God’s intinity, Than this great teacher’s lessons to the sight From the first smile of morn to frowning night; No ims & pure, high soul can show Better than this, celestial, constant snow; Not most persuasive ents and clear, Or wonders spoken in the startled ear, With proofs of more illustrious beauty shine Of the world’s birth in majesty divine,. Tnan those which this imperial form displays ‘Fo him who fixes reverential gaze; Here, on the soul, shall God himself impress The argument of his almightiness. We learn that Mr. Dix is to repeat this interesting lec- ture ina week or two, when we hope to have it in our power to give a fuller report. THE FISHERY QUESTION. Important Report of the Committee on Fish. erles, made to the Assembly, at Quebec, on the Iith of May, 1853. ‘The committee to which was referred the state of the fisherics carried on in the Gulf of St. Lawrenee and on the Labrador ecast, by inhabitants of this province, the disadvantages under which they labor, the best moans of removing the same, and the expediency of legislative encouragement for such fisheries, io what reapect and how, beg leave to resent this their first report:— Your eommitvee have given the subject referred tothem, | and the various petitions therewith connected, all the at: tention to which their importance is entitled. To ascertain whether any and what encourage- ment was granted in the Lower Province to the fisueries | carried on by inhabitants thereof, your committe, at the outset of their inquiries, caused circulars to be ad- dressed to certain of the authorities in those provinces, from whom they deemed it probable that information on this head, to be relied upon, might be obtained. The answers received haye been, with one exception, full and satisfactory, some of them’ containing much statistical and other very interorting and useful information relat- ing to the fisheries and trade, and which are hereto ap- pended, It is stated, Py the answer from St. Johns, N. F., that “no bounties whatever are granted either by the British or colonial government, in furtherance of the proseci: tion of the British, Newfoundland and Labrador fisheries; that these fisheries are confined to the catch of cod, seal, salmon, herring and caplin, on t! ewfound: | land and Labrador, the Bank ing no longer | prosecuted; that they extend « lands, (except at places as are held y by the French overnment,) including the Pierre, Mique op, and oe , and on the »{ Labrador from the entrance of Hudson’s strait ine drawn due north and south, from Anse and la |)\auc to the fifty-second pa- raliel of north latitude. The supposed number of vessels, and boats, and fishermen employed in the fisheries on the Newfoundland coast and Labrador, in the year 1851, was as follows :— » 4,570 -87,800 Number of vessels and boats ee oe, 27,670 Those vessels which are engaged at Labrador return at the close of the fishing season, bringing baek the families of the fishermen, who haye assisted in the cure of fish there. ‘hat the seal fishery is prosecuted in tabs decked vessels, fitted and railing direct from the island, all of which depart about the first of March in each year, and return to port as soon as sufficient success may attend the enterprise. They are usually from fifty to two hun- dred tons, and are manned with complements varying from thirty to sixty persons in each. The other fisheries above referred to are prosecuted in the summer months, or between May and October. ‘That the Labrador coast is visited yearly by fishermen and trading vessels from the United States, Canada, Nova Scotia and neighboring provinces as well; but where no custom house is established, duties collected, or other revenue regulations exist ‘Lhot from and efter the 10th of October, 1849, all im- perial duties ceased to exist in Newfeundland, and tha goods are now enly subject to the one colonial rate on im- portations, as per table in the appendix. ‘reign fish in markets in That in order to obtain Not f Europe, numerous British and Spanish yossels sail from the ports of this island (Newfoundland) between July and September, for British ports at Labrador, in ballas and there load accordingly, which savea the expense ol the transportation and fiual landing or reshipment in this o-untry of such commodities as coddab, salmon, ber- ring and fish oils. Br. Hayward, ‘Comptroller of Customs and, Navigation Laws, at St. John’s, to whom your committee are indebt- ed for the above information, observes, in conclusion:— © ‘That Newfoundland contains a population consisting of 85,000 soul, who are dependant principally, {¢ not alto- gether, on other countries for food and supplies; and as the prosecution of agricultural pursuits has not been found to answer except as an auxiliary to oun fisheries, I humbly conceive that a vast extended ‘trade may be bene- ficially opened up with Canada in the supply by her of all descriptions of provisians, more particularly ia ex- charge for stuple articles of this colony; such aa codfish, cod and seal oils, seal skins, herring, salmom. mackerel and caplin, if such a commerce were established upon a fair basis of legisiative reciprocity.” Your committee are left to infer, from the information they have received from Halifax and Nova Scotia, that no legislative emsouragement is afforded, the fisheries carried on frem thut province, it being, it’ would seem, the opinion there that the fisheries carried on along the fea coast of Nova Scotia will of themselves be sufli- ciently remunerative, and amply repay the industry and capital employed in them, if they are only adequately protected in the exclusive engagement of their own fish- ing grounds against intruders from the neighboring tates. With reepeet tothe fisheries carried on from New Brans- wick, your committee have ascertained that the Logisla- ture of the province has recently afforded a limited en: covragement to them, by exempting from duties all arti- eles necessary to the deep sea fisheries, with a grant of £500 in 1851, and a similar grant in 1852, to fishery so- cieties, on condition of their raising a certain amount by contribution among themselves, the eaid sums to be dis- bursed in premiums. No bounties, however, are allowed by the Legislature of that proviace® towards encouraging the es. Your committee are at the same time informed, by the authority whence their information on this subject ia de- rived, that a sufficient length of time has not yot elapsed to ascertain whether the above measure of granting mo- for premiums has had a beneficial effect, in a public sense, or not. In Prince Edward Island an act was passed in 1851 “for the encouragement of the ced and nftekerel fisheries,” by which a bounty of 12s, 6¢. per register ton, old mea- surement, is aliowed on vessels prope:iy manned, equipped, and embarked in the cod or muckerel fish: cries, duting either of the years 1861, 1852, or 1853; the said bounty payable to the person or, persons, being an inhabitant or inkabituats of the said island, who shall own and fit out the said vessels from the island ; pro- vided that such vessels are respectively equipped and fully furnished with all needful supplies, stores, nod mh- terials. No person to bs entitled to any such tonni bounty on any vessel unless it shall have been expressly fitted out for the eod and mackerel fisheries, and have been at sea, in the actual prosecution of the fishing voy- age, for a period of not less than three and a half calen dur touths, between the 16th day of June and the let day cf Cctober, in cither of the said years, (unless and excepting such time 2s may be required to return te land fish caught or taken Ly the etew thereof ) and shall not during such period have earried any freight, but shall have been colely and exclusively employed in the said fisheries, Under thia provision of the act, the sum of £109 13s. 0, was in 1861 paid in bounties to the owners of vigh- teen such small vessels, the tetal of whose hearicy i amounted to £46 ious, the highest of ther being 150 tons, and lowest 17, and the total product of whoxe fish- eries for the searon w nintala of codfish, 350 barrels of herring, and of mackerel. Benides the above, it is also provided by the same act, ‘that for the further encouragement of the macker fishery of this island, there shall be granted and paid out of the public moneys in the treasury of the island, over and above apy tounage bounty granted by this act in each of the said years, 1851, 1862, and 1863, £100 of law- ful current moneys of this island, which shail, in each of the said years, be paid and applied as bounties te the owners of such vessels, or boate, in such year be fited out, equipped, manned, and supplied, in the island, and sball' be armed by inhabitants thereof, and shall catch and bring into port, into this island, the greatest number of barrels of mackerel, being actually and bona fide caught and secured by the crews or other porsons on board of such vessels or boats during the fishing seaon, in any one of the above years, and to be paid in the fol- lowing proportions, that is to say:—to the owner of the yersel or boat having the largest quantity of barrels of mackerel the sum of £40—to the owner of the vessel or boat having the next largest quantity, £30, and to the owner of the vessel or boat having the next largest Cf pebag Sarl and the owner of thenext or fourth vessel or boat, having the next largest quantity, {he sam of £10; proviled alvays that no bounty shail be te: or paid to the owner of any auch versel or boat not having caught and brought into ort, in this island, as aforesaid, at Teast one hundsed rrets of such mackerel, during the fishing senson, in the year in which such bounty sliall be claimed.” ‘he government of France affords to its. subjects carey- iog on the Gisheries at the island of St. Pierre, Mi- quelan, upon the south coast of Newfoundland, or In tho nlf of £t. Javrrnce, a most liberal encouragement. It allows for every quintal ef codfich taken in our waters, that is to say, on the toast of Newfourdland or Gulf, within the limits prescribed them by treaty, ten francs equal to és. 4d, sterling, when debsrked in France, and five franca additional on their exportation in French ves- Fels to foreign States, and for man or boy during the voyage fitty franes. The United States have mede very Bberal provision for tho encouragement of their consiat of not less than ten men. ‘the above that the | gee pve q ecepnal to encourage the | faberies by: Uigiaative aid, cap’ and industry en; them of themscives a fair remuneration; rage’ slender azd in fact only by way of experiment, the b fits of which remain to be seen. The liberal encow ment granted by the governments of France and th United States af America to their citizens have the effe of sending, year after year, during the fishing season fleets of their bankers or ‘fishing craft into the galf| where they carry on extensive and no doubt profitab Sihereng constituting nurseries for their respective na, vies, and enabling them to comgete with undersel} us in tue article of fish, the product of our own waters in foreiga and even in our upper the returns hereunto appended . Serious com, lainte, it is also to be observed, have been made from ime to time against American fishermen bh gulf, who, regardless of treaty stipulat upon our waters and the fishing grounds rerved for our own fishermen settled Harges or open bouts; but tho plained ges or Open ut com; of on th score by the inhabitants, have in a great n prevented during the last summer by the cruisers sent thither, and stationed in the gulf for th potpete, by the home goverument; and in particular by M. war steamer Devastation, Captain Campbell, whose zeal, diligence and activity, seconded by his officers and| men in this important service, have deserved the appro bation and gratitude of the entire population on b const; and which, also, your committee with pleasure, acknowledge. Next to the articles of timber and flour, the ucts of the gulf fisheries constitute the chief stay ‘our export, trade, and if your committee may allude, in connection with them, to a matter of great pane interest recently much discussed, and the subject, it is aaid, of negétiation, between the governments of Great Britain and the United States, viz., reciprocity in trade, very desirable certainly mm equal and fair terms with our neighbors of the inion, it would be to express their humble conviction that to obtain it at the —— of admitting them to an equal farticipation in the flabing grounda on the seaboard be- ging exclusively to our own people, and for which the people of the United States have no equivalent of tho nature, nor indeed of any description, tooffer in return, would be @ sacrifice we can but ill afford, far exceeding in value the proposea boon, which it were more profitable to forego than acquireat such a cost, which would inevitably jer ite ruin of our sedentary fisheries on the guif shore. he cession ofa comenuely of rights to foreigners with ; sheries within the reserved Itm-' ts would, in all probability, give rise to endless disputes, discontents, antagonism, snd, possibly, cocasioual ¢ col flicts between the two class nd necessitate the estab- ' lishment and maintenance of au €xpensive coast policy force to preserve order, to say nothing of the demoralizing effects, in @ political aa well as a social sense, which am tercourse with the crowd trangers resorting to the coast year sfter year, during the fishing season, would entail upon the jettiers. Your comrnittee append to this report the information they bave received from various persons more or less concerned inthe gulf fisheries, and from whose concurring testimony it would seem tht encou- ragement to those carried on from this province is, im their opinion, te a certain extent, indispensably necessa: to enable them to compete with our provincial, and pa: tioularly with our American neighbors; but it will also be seen, by referring to the papers annexed, that there is considerable diversity of opinion as to the best mode of our fellow subjects in thore f afiorcing the proposed encouragement—some pro} peey to exempt all articles necessary to the fis 0 ing ries 4 © & tonnage bounty, as in 4 nd, to encourage the construction of | for the bank fisheries in the slo; others propose premiums for quantity of fish exceeding a certain amount one yoyage or season by & barge’s or boat's aily of two men); others speak of a bounty on_the ex pry of fish. Which of these different modes may be best adapted for the encouragement of the fisheries it is difficult to deter- mine. In the way of riment they may all be advisa- dle; but to give any of them a fair trial, your committee | are of opinion that three searons at least, if not five, | should be the term assigned for the purpose. It is main- i tained by political economists, and not without reason, that any branch ef industry that is not of itsefremu- | erative ought not to be upheld at the exense of | other branches. There are, however, so many con- ' sideraticns connected with this favorite branch of ‘| national industry, to entitle it to the protection and encoursgement of the Canadian ture — 60 many drawbacks to its successful competition with our neighbors, profitably occupied in those fisheries at our deor, that unless some temporary aid to animate and encourage those en; in it, and to cherish and Keep it alive, be adorded, they ma from a source of wealth, as undoubtedly they might be made, dwindle, in 80 far as Cavadian interests are concerned in them, into insignificance; and an age elapse before those who will succeed us shall, with the utmost industry and exertions it may be in their power to realize, recover from the in- jury we shsll have entailed upon them by our supiness ‘and neglect. But unquestionably, the first encourage- ment and most important to the success and prosperity of our fisheries, consists in the protection and mainte- nance of our fellow subjects engaged in them, in the ex- clusive possession and enfement of our own waters, without hich all others w: found unavailing. Your committee finally ure of opinion, that it is expe- dient to afford encouragement to the whale, seal, cod, mackerel and other fisheries, carried on in the gulf of St. Lawrence by inbabitants of ‘this provinee, by a total cx- emption of all articles necessary to such fisheries from duties, ro as to place them as nearly as possible on an equality with those from foreign countries resorting to the same waters, with whom they bave to compete. ‘They are also of opinion that experiment, it may Le advisable to allow annually, three or five years, or for any other period sufficiently long fora fair trial, » moderate tonnage bounty, as in Prince Edward Islani, to small vessels, that is to say, net exceeding seventy- five tons, equipped and ‘as bankers by inhabitants of this province; and moreover, that to animate and encourage that most laborious and useful class of our coast population—the laboring fithermen—a liberal boun- ty should be allowed to such of them in each settlement, y their diligence, industry, aud success, are an ex- ample to their neighbors, either by giving a bounty or premium to the respective crews of the four best boats, or in some other shape. These are the hardy and enter- prising wen settled on the coast, who daily, during the fishing reason, rewort at break of day in their barges to the neighboring fishing grounds, Seaying ise’ the cod, and other fish, which, whon cured, constitute the staple of our seeboard, and are exported by aes to the Fu- ropean and South American markets; bi back to us, in return, the products of those countries duties upon which more than amply compensate us for those we may forego in encouraging the fisheries. Your com- mittee are further of opinion that an annual approprii tion for the period aforesaid might also, with opr be made in favor of any fishery societ for purpore of encouraging the fisheries, (as recently done in New Brunswick), oted to each and every such society, equal to the sum raised ainong themselves, by voluntary contribution, for the encouragement of the fisheries, on the same princi- ples, in fact. as the votes in favor of agricult soeie- ties are annually given. If the views our committee are appsoved of, and the suggestions which they have deemed it their duty to submit towards encouraging the fisheries are thought proper, in whole or in part, to be adopted, it will of course rest with the executive government to carry them out, and to recommend the money, vote or votes, neces- for the purpoie; as no such vote can originate wi its special recommendation, Bat your committee beg in conclusion to observe, that whatever appropria~ tions may be made, for the purpose of encouraging fisheries—and they sincerely trust that encouragement, will be afforded —they are humbly of opinion, that it will be better to leave the application of the moneys voted for the purpose, und all necessary details in connection there- with, to the government; to be regulated by it anoually, at the commencement of each season, by an order in ceuncil, as circumstances may require; rather than by an act of Parliament, the provisions of which may not admit of deviation, in order that in an expeciment of such vitel importance to the iniustry and trade of the country, twll scope may be allowed, and if needful, @ fair trial in’ another or other shapes be afforded, if the first shall prove a failure. THE MINORITY REPORT. The undersigned dissent from the above report, inas- much a+ they consider an expression of opinion, by the Provincial Législature of Canada, adverse to the surrender of the fisheries, at this moment, premature. 1st. Because it may embarrass or retard the progress of a treaty, the terms of which, the public are led to believe, are now uuder consi¢ eration, 2d. Because they cpneur in the opinions hsretofore expressed by the Legislature of New Bronswick and Prince Keward Lland, “That » free exchange of the naturel productions of the United States and these colonies, in- cluding those of the field, ths forest, the mines, and the fisheries, would be of greater advantage to both countrios, than retaining the rights of the fisheries.” The cisseutien's take alse’ the opportunity to obierve shat the disadvantages under whick our fishermen on the const of Labrador, the gulf of St. Lawrenee, and generally in Biltish North’ America, Jahor, chiefly arise from the artificial vid conferred by the government of the United Statea, in the shape of bounties, to the cod and mackerel fisheries; which, it is aecertained by official returns from the United states Treasorey, amounied from 1844 to 1548, to $1,027,605, and furthermore, by the imposition of twenty per cent duty on fish imported from Briti-h North America into the United States, for consamption therein. ‘The practical operation of these bounties is to enable the fishermen from the States of Maine and Maseachu- setts to build vosrels at higher rates, man them at higher wages, catch fish within our waters om the sea-coast less expense than our people can, aed to convey them by nea to the ports of @xk and Boston, and to ex them thence, by canal and railway, (after paying tolls to the State,) to Upper Canada, for consumption, and thera sell them’nt profit. ‘The value of the fish imported and consumed in Canada, in 1861, was £11,166 174.; in 1942, £13,931, on which a duty was paid. Of £1 405 17m. 2d, and £1,655 17s. 0d of the fish so im- ported into Cenada to the value of £6,628 and £7,769 154. 6d. was the catch by fishermen of the States, when the paime could have been caught by our own fishermen on our own coast, furnishing return freights through our own watere, without duty or any other restriction. ‘The dissentients are moreover humbly of opinion, that in case the governments of Great Britain and the United States should not come to a mutual arrangement with reapect to the propo: ed commercial intercourse now under discussion, the most prompt and measure to regain the natural advantages to which we are entitled, from our proximity to those fishing grounds is to pay a Girect bounty to the fishermen ia precisely the samo manner and to the same amount, as the government of the United States pay to her firhermen, to be apportioned the imperial and provincial ERstead a ¢ incidental bounty now paid to armed crulsors, Lies, others would {g edward Ia taken crew Political Intelligence, William 0. Goode, of Mecklen! has been nominatedy an the democratic candidate in the th distriet of Vir- ginia, for Congress,