The New York Herald Newspaper, January 13, 1853, Page 2

THE AUSTRALIAN NEWS, Buamense Production of the Mincs—New Gold Wields Discovered—Prices of Provisions— Meate of Society in Sydney, Melbourne, Ade- Iaide, and the Digging», dc., dic. ‘Phe Marco Polo, which arrived at Liverpool on the 27th December, brings intelligence from Australia to fhe llth of October. We gave a brief summary of the news in the New Yorx Heracp of yesterday. with her own letters she brought the dupli- those sent from Melbourne, fourteen days by the mail steamer Australian, which sailed om the 2tth of September for London, via Adelaide, Dat has not yet arrived. It appears that the latter veesel has on gold to the extent of 9,170 ounces eee 145,774 shipped at Melbourne and Stone, 65,000 shipped at Adelaide, making a etal of about 220,000 ounces, valued at £880,000. Alahough she received so small an amount at Sydney, the Pheenician, which sailed the day after, took 48,959 ounces. All the accounts on the present oc- easion are exceedingly favorable, although they are ed of much of their interest from not being in @eonsecutive shape. As regards the Mount Alexan- der deposits, it appears that they were fully maintain- their character, the totals brought down by escort the week preceding the departure of the Mar- e having been 99,000 ounces, (£400,000,) while 3 was at the same time reported that the quan- still to be forwarded was rapidly accumu- » The commencement of ring haying produced a great improvement in the roads, the @zowds, at the mines ae likely to be much larger t any former period, and a corresponding tation of the’ supplies of gold was immedi- looked for. Every day’s experience was such aa to lead even the most cautious persons to the con- wietion that the deposits are, on the average, richer and more extensively distributed than had previously een believed. New fields had been found between Ballarat and Mount Alexander, which had attracted web attention; and another locality, sweaty pened up, near the Ovens River, on the Sydney pead, about 180 miles from Melbourne, is alleged to Ihave eclipsed all former discoveries. The operations ape described as simply like turning up a garden ‘where about four feet below the surface ‘‘pockets” o ‘Yamense value are brought fourth. The immigration ‘was now continuous, and 5,000 persons had arrived ‘mone week. The multitude were consequently with eut shelter, or were living in tents. The chief point o , however, was in relation to the future sup Plies of grain and flour, and the most serious fears ‘were entertained that ne Le con sania constantly arrive great suffering would be experienced. ‘Phe farm lands in the colony were only half-sown, and ‘the crops, therefore, even under ordinary circum- would be insufficient, but with the anticipa- ke of the landing in the months of November and of the extraordinary number of persons earlier, the tf fat were expected to leave the United Kingdom in Jane and July last, it was difficult to foresee how the wants of the colouy were to be met. Flour had already reached £40 per ton, a higher price than had been known for ten yeurs, and a further ad- ‘vance was expected. Hopes were entertained that eonsiderable quantities might be sent trom America. ‘House rent was as dear in proportion as bread the terms for » and four roomed cottages were from £250 to £400 ay The price of gold at Mel- bourne was Hs ten 7 and private bills 5} per ceut. to make advances, and were b own account. Prom Sydney the latest papers are to the 2d of October. In pmand tor the ly vered diggings at Bingera were ingly contradictory. Some person: i fewed to regard it as the richest field yet found in Australia. An excess of water was still complained of at the Hanging rock, aud in the neighborhood of the Pecl river, although it is said they were being worked very satisfactorily. E Areport, it is said, has reached town, which ap- pears to be pretty well authenticated, that a nug- of gold in quartz has been discovered at the Tove. weighing upwards of forty pounds. It was found by an old man, who is eudeavoring to keep the matter as quiet as possible, lest it might be claimed by the Great Nugget Compuny, as was the ease with the last large specimen that came to town from that quarter. With regard to the British Ans- tralian Gold Company, the Sydney Herald contains advertisements showing a contest between Mr. Davis aad Mr. Fawcett as to the right of the latter to act aeits representative. Each party denies the autho- wity of the other, and warns the public to that effect. A nugget of three hundred and forty ounces, pur- ghaved by the government of the colony of Victoria ‘ap a present for the Queen, is stated to have been hit by the Marco Polo. This ship, which is jast arrived, after having made the passage from Li- fm seventy-six days, is a vessel of 1,400 Dailt last year, at St. John, New Brunswi Fhe subjoined memorandum is from the Port Phillip and Colonial Gold Company:— Letters have this day been received by the Port Phillip and Colonial Gold Mi hing Company from their supe ene, 8th of October. Since my kL 1 of Mr. Hopkins’ departe ‘0, to Which latter place he pose of making the nec is ments for the Cumberland miners. The fourteen men who were sent to Forest Cr meneed digging, and durin, bout 13; oz. of gold, but I think it q They should not be’ too suece: weather is also very ha dog. has formed an rehased, of whic! » Mshment. About h 480 07. have been shipped and the remainder was coming in th establishnient was also being formed Bendigo, both for mining purposes anil fc ef gold. At the conclusion of his list let tendent says:—We have received news, y eonfirmed, that fresh diggings had igo, far richer than any lot met wi val epmion is that the whole of the country Forest Creek and Pemdigo will be found to contain Provisions were at most exhorbita i company at the purchas ings. The directors have al wf, and are despatching more. The government com. muadoner had determined to grant no inan a license who head broken his engagement with the parf¥ who had sent hw ont. From the Australian G 5] At the Bendigo gold diggings fiour has had a sud @en fall of from £20 to £12 per bag, but sugar bring: ‘Ya. 6d. per Ib.; tea, 3s.; butter, 48. to 5s. per Ib. pay be raisins currants, 28.; coftee, 3 4s. the 4 Ib. loaf; salt, 2s., while fodder rang Righer; maize, 2 per bushel; oats, £2 10s. per do bran, £1 per do.; and hay, £6 to per 100 Ibs.; horses can be purchased “much cheaper here than in town, owing to the heavy expeuse of keep. From Bendigo to Forest Creek the road is lined with drays and pedestrians retarning. Most of those I have con- versed with state it as their opinion that the latter ereek is the best at present, and from the wonderfal waccess of some parties during the last week | feel pretty confident that our neighborhood will soon look ae lively as ever. A gully, leading from the Adelaide Gaily to Spring Flat, and which has hitherto been over a3 1 ay for working, has of e 1; hundreds are at work upon this hitherto neglected spot 2: thousands are wending their way to this pi of land. It appears a party sunk a hole within two feet of the bottom, while a neighbor who had down a little sooner with another, found mothing; the former, who was not down, gave it np, on hearing of his neighbor's ill success, and thus the hole laid tor some days. Another party thought they would try their luck in this deserted spot, sunk to th gock, and drove in two directions without any suc ees; one of this party, more persevering than said he would drive once more in another direc- tion, and before he had penetrated a foot, came upo s. That nigh for £6,000 ht per day the gold, not in handfuls but spa sold the proceeds of the ds have since averaged two pot Others are tearing and sweating in ad im the hopes of finding similar pock them are not obtaining one « Swenty yards higher up the gully, Bributed riore generally ov peveral have been obtoinir @ay. Another gully has been opened about one mil from Forest Creek, on the Bendigo road. Two } thers obtained fourteen pounds weight in two day whilst most of the diggers are doing we 1 vad from Forest Creek to Melbourne has a fair quantam @f travellers on it, most of whom wie plodding kaee deep through the mud for town. MOUNT ALEXANDER Forest Crwex, 27th September. New arrivals are pouring in fast, and may be est mated at one thousand per day on Forest Creek alon Fam informe travellers eoming wud street, Melbe that the roads are alive with oing, and may be compared to Collins ./ A great many of the Bendigo dig to try their luck at Pennyweight F Pony li loonlight Flat, and the other new dig: 4, which extraordinary for exten ee, c ‘The different gullies and hills ranning in the same Bime with those and along Barker's Creek, also pre- tent a fair prospect of being dug up this summer Akhough a great many are lucky enough to full across heavy finds, it mist be remembered that the at majority are no! many finding » fortunat @ hard matter to make wages, if wages at ail. Nambers come here unde mistuken idea that they cannot miss maki 1 1 short time : but this is not the case id that hold digging is all a lott find it so ps, when too late. Twas quite amused a few ys ago by a new arrival asking an old resi er how he was getting on, and when told indifferently, Darely inaking wages, he expressed his astonishment having understood that every one on the divvinys was making his two oures a day. How absurd this mauat appear to any one thoroughly conversant with geld digging, and Low unjst on the part o influx of emi- | | and whenever a good spot is found, there isa rash of however, pro- | £ 1 to Melbourne in sixty-eight days, aud home | and was | bread, | | A bill to incorporate the ( him whe m who | | threatened by his accomplices that the: and ‘and 9 sbliged ee, cu pennies an oe keep , OF a the badly in- clined turn their attention to those who are more fortunate. I do not wish to trespass upoP ‘our space, but as many of the new arrivals reach en under a mistaken impression, I make these few remarks to put those on their guard who are at -pre- sent in comfortable circumstances, and ought to keep their situations rather than risk their all in gold dig- ging, for in the end they will find themselves the better men. The long noted gang of night fossickers at Fryers’ Creek have removed their quarters to Moonlight Flat, and scarcely had their tent pitched on Friday night last, before they commenced agers sons on some of the holes. On Saturday last two lads working in Moonlight Flat missed ‘their washi stuff from the hole, and upon inquiry were informe that some ies were seen to it away on the revious night, and deposit it in a tent of night ossickers. The tent being pointed out ta them, they informed the police, and, upon a search being made, it was discovered in one corner, covered over with blankets. The police immediately took one man in charge, who said he was cook to the party, and knew nothing of the affair. The other inmates of the tent, seven in number, escaped. Subsequentl, to the capture of man, on Saturday night, the two lads, who sustained the loss, and who were the cause of the apprehension of this man, seca wi shoot them. The diggers in the neighborhood are becoming alarmed for the safety of their pro- perty and lives, and knowing it is utterly useless to trust to the protection of the very inefficient police we have here, I hear are about culling a public meet- ing this day, to take steps towards forming protec- tion societies. However alarming this step may ap- r, [do not see any other course they can pursue. ey cannot trust to the police, who occasionally pass their way searching for unlicensed diggers or 8h shops, once or twice a week. They are openly told by those rascals that they will shoot them}; and they are not safe in the possession of their claims. They must do something for them- selves, and they are at length determined so to do. It might be said why do they not catch the robbers and hand them over to the police. Are they to risk their lives first, in endeavoring to capture these vaga- bonds? And aac in keeping them till Cupar tunities offer for handing them over to the police, who are few in number, and reside a distance of some miles off; and in the meantime run the risk of being beset by the accomplices of these vagabonds, | who are, by the way, some thirty or forty in num- ber? ‘Taking into ‘consideration the insecure state of life and property both here and on the roads, it is no wonder the diggers turn their attention to pro- tecting themselves. _ ‘The mail has not arrived, I believe in consequence of heavy rains on the road on Thursday and Friday ‘The weather again changed here on Saturday and we had a heavy fall of rain for a few hours, gain clearing up on Saturday night, continuing fine up to this date. Merpourye, Oct. 10. JT have not yet started for the di x3, through on being so unfavorable; bat have re- rt next week. What say you to the 1 home with a million lone ? True, there is that the accumulated earnin; of about 100,000 individuals, I hear at Bendigo iterally starving (there about 70,000 or more amount; parts), and all, you know, cannot be success- h being contrary to the rules of this world; | the place is worked out, although it said | the gold in the adjacent parts $ plentiful as ever, | but has to be pitched upon by some lucky wight, | thousands to it. Provisions are f ton at the di rything rising rfully high; flour > even in town, | ted for known | iberal subscription is being entered into | s and other temporary accommodation to | ving, as, for love or money, families cannot | ashelter. It isa fact, that many poor persons | have actually slept in the fields and streets, unpro- | tected from the weather. I should advise all those who have anything like an established business, it ' even not large, to adhere to it, and not give up 4 tainty, for F en knows what storm may should the gold fields of a sudden cease to yield what they ha one, and I may say yet are doing. There is a new digging, about one hundred and fifty or one hundred and sixty miles distant from | here, called the Ovens, said to be very productive, | in all probability, | may go there myself,) and Bal- Jarat is very much improved again. | ‘The best’part uow—perhaps I should say the most fashionable spot in the gold diggings way—is Moon- | light Flat, Forest Bush. ‘The parts vary in prodac- tion from time to time. ld is now here £3 8s. per ounce. Isaw one man yesterday, who had been at home “a navigator,” and who had realized £5,000. His wi tingers—not the most delicate fora lady, as you may suppose—were covered with gaudy rings. He had just purchased a watch for forty guineas, Many, of a liberal spirit, are most lavish of their gains, and ride about furiously on horseback, and | | drive about in open carri dressed like | | clownsand carnival-like attire. pssful digger | of the common genus mostly marries immediately the first girl he sees, when she is decked in the most | showy habiliments procurable, the bonnet costing five | guineas and upwards. China crape white shawls | seem to be the prevailing fashion of the diggers’ | | ladies of Melbourne, for 1552. The present route to i at Mount Alexander on foot is usually w 1¢ day’s walk to Keilos; another tothe Bush another to Kyneton; and finally, to the dig- g Fancy there a “tented field,” with the earth thrown about in various mounds, and the men employed busy as ants, burrowing, digging, cradling, | washing, si ke.; but 1 dare say you | know allthis. Melbourne is a very busy place—a little London tr great spirit in business, backed hy great indivi wealth. Every man, however common, having his hundreds, anything useful sells readily; ‘good things are certainly preferred. At the government land sales here, on the 19th of | the competition for land was so great that the | realised astonished those present. On an the land was sold for three times the amount 100 allotments, of one rod each, situated on both sides of the river, sold for the bandsome sum of £48,645, or £1,045 16s. per acre. Three hundred pounds per toot has been offered and refused for land in Melbourne. Thirty-eight of | the city police resigned in September, on the plea of insufficiency of pay. The new tariff bill came into operation on the ith August. The following is an Abstract of the rates of duties imposed by its pro- visions upow goods imported:—Coftee, 10s. per cwt.: spirits, proot, 7s. per gallon; cordials, liquors, &c., strength unknown, 7s. per gallon; spirits, perfumed, 78 z 3d. per lb.; tobacco, segars, and snuff, ; wine, 1s. per gallon; all other goods, ware: ndise, tree. Mr. Degraves, of Hobart Town, has been offered £4,500 a year, by the local goverument, for an extensive rauge of buildings in Melbourne for emigration purposes. eat Nugget Vein Gold Mining Company of Australia, ting the liability of the shareholders to twice mount of their shares, was to be brought before the Legisla- | tive Council. At Adelaide the flour market was in a perpetual | state of fever, in consequence of the gold fields dis- covery. The price rose immediately, on the receipt of the news, to £23 10s., and the confirmation of the | same by the o! report caused it to advance to £25; since then sales had taken place at £27 10s., and the market wa pidly diey; Sept. a ton; seconds, £21. ior attractions of Mount Ale unfavorable n0W hough | 4, tine flour w Owing to th ander and Bendigo, together \ ness of the season, the di nearly deserted. For soir the operations did not extend beyond surfac ing, the gains of the diggers averaged betw shillings dhd two pounds wo id p even at this rate, ¢ g tens is nan per ¥ for results were not unfavor expect in the spring se more ene asures for the further develope- ic ‘old tie ment of th 1d will be adopted. The pri escort on the Lith September brought in to Victoria 47,050 ounces in gold, besides £3,160 incash. The government escort, which left at the same time, bad 33,000 ounces. Towards the new Victoria Bank capital to the amount of £175,000 had been already subscribed, composed of 3,500 shares, upon hi £235,000 had already been paidup. The committee were busily e din making all the preliminary arrangements requisite to bring the b | in the tive Council, praying overnor to atroduce in colony 500 m ; | force: and tot pray may be cor place Governor Gen vt tractfrom a letic d by this day following is an at Bend escort 24 Ths. 4 ¢ id in one nn, who found this splendid nugget w White Horse Guay, about a quarter of a mile irom Eagle Hawk, three feet from the surface, in a tugh ish br clay.” DEPOPULA OF ADEL RUSH TO THE DIG ou n't think the Witnessed state of things 8 By at rred to South Aw vinnie 1 hy and vigorous existence with nd loney-—a try capa ) but the comforts of civilized flourishing to an extent unpar lit of coloni: ion—such a countr, appearance of depopulation, as though some fright ful plague was hovering about it, dooming it to de- striction, and all from. discoveries aa immense and astounding as they were wholly unexpected. You | may be able to form some idea of the shock ovca- tioned from such a sudden withdrawal of labor from i | to turn thi | with fixed salaries. | through the post offices 975,318; its ordinary tile alfhirs of the place received in . Bo rapid was the ru: a thie mentee 2st, Cand at one time we that ware behind would have to become bake: water carriers and parsons, lawyers and their clerks, assistants, in fact every one, was off to gings. "The overland route was a complete fair, and the ves: sels were crammed to suffocation, small brigs taking many as 200 ope ata time; in the Sorarh of the middle passage were gute insignificant toit. we ibiteha I knew, a Capt. py wie reed re 1S WI tratticking than ‘most splen- did results of labor at the digging. He purchased a brig called the Anna Dixon, in Europe, and brought just as the digeings started up. Altnough Twas just as yy was hed iio the snes ta ak ead on Res pap Ae syomelt creel pee. Wi ic 3 he had a most ferocious bull d aut aibonrer whenever a dis- gusted ger vented his , the faithfal animal vindicated his master’s r by biting a jiece of the refractor “s leg. e law, of ie restrained this Tallow oe loading his vessel course, in this indiscriminate manner, but it was utterly leas, as he and his brother traffickers easily evised means to elude its vigilance. I one day asked him how he managed to control such an unraly set as the bulk of Lik SaeRE CR DEE EROYE? “Oh,” he said very coolly, ‘I load my pistols at starting, and the dog is always on the gui vive, so I anticipate anything but growling, and on landing they oe three groans, and its all over. But I don’t mind, as Isack the tin.” This was a sample of the general traders, but, in justice to the place, I may say, that this discreditable state of things was only at the commencement of the epidemic; the authorities at the port soon contrived to put a stop to this. Some of the vessels almost starved their passengers. A friend of mine told me ina most pathetic manner that he was_ obliged to sleep on the deck during the passage, and all he got to eat the last day was three small potatoes. You can, therefore, ‘ine what a rush there must have been. Although we were regularly shaken to our foundation trom this sudden visitation, and business of every kind was deranged, still a decent number found it was to their advantage to remain, and with our fpf famed Bullion Act we have come out of the fire irably. It is quite amusing to witness the eccentricities of the returned diggers—the place is full of them. Money appears not the slightest object; they are just like sailors after a successful cruise. They give ‘the most contemptible consideration for things not extravagantly high, and they toss up for £100 notes, have tremendous een suppers, and otherwise flare up most extensively. A very amusing scene oc- curred the other day—a successful digger accompanied his sweetheart to a aap a Adelaide, and, compla- vently smoking his pipe, intimated that he wanted to rig ont the young woman. The first article he alighted on was a shawl. He inquired the price of it, and was told that it was 7s. ‘* Why, bless you man,” said he, “T want one about £7; do you think Iam going to disgrace this young woman by her such a shaw] as this?” “ Stop a minute,”, said the counter RES, “there is one that we have Rue aside for Lady Young, but she has forgotten to call for it ; the price of it is £8.” Soa shawl of the same kind as the re- jected one, but of a different pattern, was shown, and instantly secured as a great prize by the poor deluded digger. We have had weddings without number for the last four months, sometimes as many as a dozen spliced before breakfast. All the carriages that the place can afford are hired for the occasion; and, as for the parsons, some of them are making their fortunes by the fees they get, for the diggers, in the exuberonce of their joy, are most extremely liberal. You m a gine that the Adelaide tradesmen have not forgotten state of things to a profitable account; they charge the most ruinous prices for the common- est articles. You will be surprised to learn that a pair of Wellington boots are £4, and other things in proportion. This comes very hard upon poor devils How itis quite clear that trade would not have revived in this extraordinary manner, had it not been for the diggings and the bullion act, so that out of “seeming evil good has been educed.” By the time you receive this the news of our gold diggings will, in all probability, have reached you. At present they are very promising; but owing to the wet state of the country from the late rains, operations have been confined to surface washing, which alone has been vey remunerating, and it is confidently expected that'so soon as the dry season sets in, large quantities of the precious metal will be obtained, and which will be cae preliminary to fur- ther and more extensive discoveries, as the countt in that part, which consists of beautiful hills extend- | ing for about twenty miles, is supposed to be highly auriferous. I paid a visit myself about a fortnight ago, and about fifty tents 1 found on the spot, and many people hard at it. I could not spare more than an hour to examine these diggings, but, while I was there I washed three dishes of earth, and in each succeeded in obtaining some pieces of gold, one of which was a tolerably good size. STATISTICS OF NEW SOUTH WALES. The statistics of the colony annually laid before the Legislative Council by the Colonial Secretary are now printed, and, affording, as they do, a very valua- ble hody of information, an abstract of them may not be unacceptable. These statistics extend from the year 1837 to 1851, and for the first time they are confined to the colony of New Souti Wales proper. ‘The populatién of the colony, on the 21st of Decem- ber, fh is stated at 197,168, is males, and 34,136 e Marc 1851, is 7,217 persons; the increase of immigration during that period was 7,891; by births, 6,396, The decrease by departures was 4,902; by deaths, 2,167. ‘The total immigration at the public expense from the | year 1832 is 64,807, and the total number of immi- grants in the same period is 20,372, making a grand | total of immigration during the twenty years of | 85,179. The total expense of immigration to the | public during this period has been £1,134,511 15s. 6d. The total amount of money borrowed on deben- | tures for immigration purposes has been £336,300. The amount paid off, £149,700. The amount out- standing, £187,100. The amount of interest paid, £33,786 14s. 1d. The number of bi during the year was 7,675; of marriage: ; of deaths, 2,600. The total number of acres in crops in 1851 was 027, being an increase of 5,500 acres over the year 1 The produce consisted of 1,407,465 bushels wheat, 717,053 bushels maize, 133,194 bushels barley, 49,060 bushels oats, 4,891 bushels rye, 731 bushels millet, 13,644 tons potatoes, 12,530 ewt. tobac- 36,605 tons of hay. The els entered inwards du- ring the year 1851, were ; tonnage, 153,003. OF these vessels, 73 were from Great Bri 40,867; 50 from New Zealand, tonnage, 17,577 from other British colonies, tonnage 40,190; 40 the South Sea Islands, tonnage 5,643; 33 from th fisheries, tonnage 8,430; 72 from the United States of America, tonnage 20,473; from foreign States, 64, tonnage 19,822. The els entered out- | wards wel , tonnage 39,020. Of these, there | were to Britain 64, tonnage 26,694; to New Zealand, 77, tonnage 15,920; to other British colo- nies, 201, tonnage 41,521; to the South Sea Islands, 2, tonnage 5,513; to the fisheri 3, tonnage n, tonnage | WW States, 80, tonnage builtin the colony 24, tonnage 95% gistered v 1851, th was £540,766 Os. 9d. of coin in the bunks ary chest of the colony, being a decrease of 5 . 2d. on the amount of the previous year. The total amount of the general revenue and receipts i 728 Iss. 1d. The total amount of and rece ipts was £204,508 7s chools Estate Fund was £4,460 the total revenue aud receipts £AG6, 608 48. otal expenditure was £444,108 Ys. 10d. | The number of post offices in the colony in the | year 1551, was 101; the total number of letters sent ; and of Cola a] 8. 11d.; The in- Iss. $d., making q The amount of income w of expenditure £16,524 15 e, both in number of letters and income over the the first year of the uniform rate of post. | ut 124 per cent. ALDERMAN CHARLE UMPH OF AMERIC rd in the studio of an eminent artist of this city, where we enjoyed aa inspection of the most beautiful 762,457. » Ad. tHe Tri- specimens of the ch rts. Among the hap- jest efforts we found there, was the portrait of Al- derman Charles Francis, of th ith ward, whose expression, form, and feature, are as life-like as the distinguished Alderman himself, while his brillient eye and enthusiastic feelings are warmly enlisted in debate on some theme of move than ordinary mo- ment in the Cozamon ( 1 of this city. And in this connection, we would su, t to the Committee , on Arts and Seiences, in the of Aldermen, | (before t report on the resolution respecting Mayor Kingsland’s portrait for the Governor's | room.) to visit Alderman Francis, and request his permission to see u' ait in question Which, we repeat sof the most ex and i artistic genius have ever beheld. While penning this ar regret that we cannot recall the author's i mit all New Yorkers will learn, with infinite pride, that he is a native of this cit; ing passed nelassic Italy. Cinci other American cities, have oasted of their native artists of great distinction; and we are happy to have it in our power to speak in sueh encomia actions of genius st of our own city, Mediterranean, with its lovely nd glorious sunsets, have long rendered ot the globe celebrated for its triumphs but the New World, and he Ily the vicinity of New York, being equally celebrated for its noble forest, mountain seenery, and beautiful skies, we have long wondered why we could not rear inguished artists as those of sonny Italy, and p now happy to tind that a great artist is about to apprer among us, asd Jamaica Kincston, Jamaica, Dec. 24, 1852. Christmas—The Legislature—Retrenchment —The Public Health—The Weather—Aus- tralian Emigration—Commerce. Ere the nohle Georgia has left our waters many hours, Old Christmas, with his steady step, will have peeped upon the world. How unlike former days does he appear in Jamaica. Fes tivities belong to the “has beens,” and scarcely a feature, in public or in private, indicates that we are celebrating, or about to celebrate, an important epoeh in religious history. Well, another—another—and yet another—nay, many other years, will come, Let us hope they will bring back to Jamaica, at least a ray or two of her former sunshine, that hearts may yet glad- den, and that this drooping garden of the West may yet revive with its wonted animation, In the hands of England’s statesmen are the reins of our political destiny. What will be our fate a little time will show. The Legislature adjourned on the 17th inst. until the 25th eed Their proceedings have not been marked, I am happy to say. by any of those displays of party feeling whic characterized the proceedings of former ses- sions. There has n a good deal of talk about retrenchment in the public expenditure, but nothing has been done. It seems, however, judging from the present feeling of the Assem- bly, that there is now a real desire, on the part of honorable members, to effect a reduction in the public expenditure; but there is likely to be a disagreement as to the terms upon which it shall be effected. Some parties are in favor of awarding “ compensation” to such holders of offices as will be reduced in their pay. Iam opposed to it. I would award compensation to arties whose offices must be abolished, but hose that are still kept up must be supported at a reduced rate. without compensation for the reduction. If this be done. such offices as will have the salaries reduced will, only in a mild degree be suffering with the general depression of the times; besides, the comforts procured in former days, at high rates, can now be obtained at about half the former prices. Why, then, should not those who hitherto, and up to now, have received princely stipends, be made to submit to a large reduction? The fact is, there must now be “ retrenchment of neceasity,’’ for there are not the means within the island of keeping up former extravagance, The pu*lic health is not as satisfactory as could be desired, although I am happy in being able to state that we have no disease now in the shape of epi- demic. Fevers and agues are very prevalent. In our public hospital there are several seamen be- longing to English ships suffering from fever, of rather a malignant type. I do not think, however, that it is the confirmed yellow fever. The weather is unusually hot for the time of year; indeed we have had now a very long spell of hot weather. January and February are generally plea- sant months, so we look forward to a favorable change soon. The fine steamer Uncle Sam, which left here yes- terday, took as passengers sevefil parties intending to proceed to Australia by the new Pioneer line. Dr. Lyon was a passenger in the Uncle Sam. During his sojourn here Dr. L. made many friends; indeed it was only to know him to esteem him. little retail trade is doing, but generally business is very dull. The Assembly think of abolishing, or considerably reducing, the imposts on shipping. , If this be done, there may be a partial revival of com- merce, and a little more export business. Our Washington Correspondence, WasuincTon, Jan 7, 1853. Action of the Committee on Commerce, with reference to Reciprocity—Coal and Lumbering Interests— Duty Levicd on Timber Exported through New Brunswick--Unequal Operation of the Practice on the Citizens of Maine. The Committee on Commerce are busily engaged | with the bill regulating the trade with the British provinces, and in relation to the fisheries; but there are conflicting interests to be consulted and propiti- ated—among these is that of the coal companies and the lumberers of Maine, both of which are apprehen- sive of competition. . It strikes me that the removal of the duty on coal would not prove so injurious to capitalists engaged in raising that article as is apprehended, as there is at present a duty levied on all coal mined in Nova Scotia, which, I believe, is at the rate of a dollar and a half per chaldron, which, I believe, is about a ton anda thira, and is in itself a protection of American interests, particularly when it is recollected that the carrying trade between the British provinces and the United States is subjected to a long and dangerous navigation, and Cape Breton coal, which is superior to the Pictou, cannot be sold even at Halifax, and pay anything to the carrier, at less than five dollars | per chaldron, With reference to the supplying of Canada, I con- ceive that the removal of the duty here would also produce no injurious effect, as English coal is at pre- sent brought out by ships as ballast, for the supply of the lower Ferree and is sold as cheaply as four dol- lars per chaldron in the summer time; and the ex- pense of getting it to the upper province, where it is not generally used, except at Toronto and Hamilton, | and some minor ports on Lake Ontario, would give the preference to coal shipped from Cleveland, and which at present has to pa ¢ provincial duty. Tn relation to the lumbering interests of Maine, the timber which is shipped down the St. John, is subject to what I consider an unfair duty, particu- larly with reference to such as is shipped to other parts of the American territory, and which might be removed by negotiation, the lumberman not only paying the stumpage duty in Maine, but also the export duty at the port of St. John, which has been substituted, since the Ashburton treaty, for the stumpage duty formerly paid in New Brunswick. As the bill originally passed the Provincial Le, lature, timber coming down the St. John from the State of Maine was exempted from this duty, when destined for any other part of the United States; but was returned with an intimation, that if this exemp- tion were withdrawn, the bill would receive the royal 4 q was gladly acceded to, and the conse- , that a large proportion of the revenue of province has subseqnently been derived trom the in timber. Remonstrance wa: de some time since, by the American Minister in London, against this e: ion, and the reply was, that as the terms of the treaty provided that American produce coming down the St. John should be treated as Buitish produce, and may be shipped to Englayd as such, it was liable to the same sit duty, and the subject was dropped. ‘The stumpage duty that is paid in Maine isa dollar half per ton’; and the export duty at St. John I believe is the same, both of which are paid by the Maine lumberers, and only one by those of New Brunswick, who have a decided advantage in com- peting with the former in England, and which the would also have in the United States were the duty on importation removed, unless there were a recipro- cal action in that province. 1 must, however, be the subject of negotigtion het n the two governments of Great Britain and the duty levied on Americ the United States. The only difficulty in. the way is the provincial uct, which, like that of Nova Scotia rélative to the fisheries not be abrogated without the consent of the local le; ure. Anact of Par: liament, however, consequent upon a treaty, would override this; but in the present temper of the colo- nies, the British ministry might not. feel disposed to resort to such a measure. It, therefore, the people of New Brunswick desire reciprocity, they could have no objections to abolishing a duty which, in fairness, ought never to have been levied. It does not follow people of Maine would be satistied with this ion; indeed, from conversation T have had with members from that quarter, [ do not think they but it would remove one obstacle, at least, in y of liberal and enlightened legislation, which posed to the present pro! p system in favor of class interests, that presses so heavily on the bulk of the community. Reciprocical trade with Canada and the question of the fisheries will both, I understand, be embraced in the same bill, which will be reported from the Committee on Commerce. N.S. Wasnixaton, Jan. 7, 1853. The Small Note Bill in Washington. One y last month, previous to the rising of the House, Mr. Doty, of Wisconsin, rose to move a ie of small notes the Committee for resolution with reference to tl here. My. Ficklin, chairman o the Distriot of Columbia, stated that he had prepared a Hill on the subject; and there being objections to the suspension of the rales, Mr. Doty, on receiving this intimation, did not press his motion. As the measvres which the bill contemplates are of consid erable importance, I hereby send you a synopsis of its contents, having been politely favored with a pe- rusal of that document. ‘The first section provides, that if any person, or any «sociation, partnership, or company of individuals, or any body, politic or corporate, within the District of Columbia, shall, after the passave of theact, make cmit, iseve, or utter any bill of credit, bank note * | outer ci | yonr count any other = ¢ writing, in pope = a less of a less denomination than five dollars, to be used as 8 or a8 a circ medium, a eo cee > or in lieu of money, or of any other currency, or arin sign Coe endorse any bank notes, &c., for the payment or delivery of money, or of other valuable things, of & less amount than five dollars, every such person, and every mem- ber, officer, or agent of such association, &c., con- cerned in uttering, signing or endorsing, for the pur- poses aforesaid, Ibe liable to indictment, and on conviction thereof shall be imprisoned for not less than ten days, nor more than one year, and shall be fined in a sum not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars. And it is especially de- clared, that in the case of an tion, &c., com- mit any of the offences aforesaid, every indivi- dual f shall be presumed, prima facie, to be con- cerned in, and to haye assented to such act, and the burden of proving dissent therefrom shall not rest on him or her. Section two enacts that if any person, association, &c., shall have, maintain, or keep within the district any banking house, broker’s office, or other office, &c., in or from which shall be made or issued bills of cre- dit, promissory notes, &c., for the pay it or deli- very of money or other valuable thing, of a less amount than five dollars, to be used as paper cur- rency, &c., such person, and every member, officer, or agent of such association, &c., maintaining, or having such banking house, &c., shall be liable to in- dictment, also, for a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be imprisoned and fined as is pro- vided on the first section; and Svery Fae keeping such banking house, &c., shall be deemed guilty of a distinct and separate offence, and subject to the penalties aforesaid. Section three provides that all bills of credit, &c., under five dollars, however purporting to be payable, shall be deemed payable in money, and be recover- able by action of debt before a justice of the peace in the District of Columbia. Section four renders persons violating the law, by issuing notes, &c., for less than five dollars, liable to pay ten dollars for each and every bill of credit, pro- prot note, &c., to be recovered in a gui tam action of debt before a justice of the peace, to be brought in the name of the informer, or in that of either of the corporations of Washington or Georgetown ; one half of said sum to go to the informer, and the other to be paid into the treasury of such corporations. Persons who have been indicted and convicted for the offence are not to be subject to such action. * Section five enacts that any person bringing into the District of Columbia paper currency of a less value than five dollars, suc! rson, corporation, &c., without the limits of the District of Columbia, and every member, officer, or agent of such person, association or banking house, shall be liable to in- dictment or action for debt, and be subject to the same penalties, as applies to parties issuing the same in the District. Section six, all contracts to pay or deliver money, or any valuable thing, or purporting to be a alate thing, either wholly or in part, in paper currencyor circulating medium under five dollars, prohibited’ by the act, are declared illegal and void; and judgment shall be rendered in favor of the defendants, were such consideration shall have been proved. Section seven provides that persons holding corpo- ration licences, and receiving and paying out prohibit- ed paper, shall forfeit their licences. Section eight makes it the duty of the Marshall, and -of every constable, to. give information of every vio- eRe of the law which muy come to their kuow- ledge. Section nine repeals all former acts that may he ve- pugnant to this act. Dinner to Mr. Meagher In St. Louis. m the Missouri Republican, Dec. 31.) On F day evening, the Directors of the Mercantile Library Asrociati Hous ¢, to this distinguished stranger. The table was d for about fifty persons. In the absence of the dent, H. D. Bacon, owing to illn H. Alexander, Esq., as Ist Vice President, presided, assisted by Alfred Vinton, Esq., Vice President. The Mayor, Judges of the Circuit, Common Pleas, and Criminal Courts, and a number of other gentle- men, sat down. The viands having been discussed, and the cloth remoyed, toasts and speeches ensued, of a highly interesting character. In fact, there never has been in this city a more cordial and agreeable intellectual entertainment. The first sentiment, by Mr. Alexander, called ont a happy and Steg response from Mr. Meagher, in which he alluded to the pleasure of his trip to the West, and the cordiality of his reception in this city. During the evening, toasts and sentiments were given which called forth other responses from the guest of the evening. As the occasion was a private, and not a public one, we do not feel at liberty to report at length the remarks or sentiments given. In the course of the evening, Judges Hamilton and Treat, Mayor Kennett, Mr Wyman, Grace, G , Dr. Pope, Judge Colt, J. C. Richardson, J. 'T. Douglass, Chambers, Lewis, Phil- lips, Underhill, D. Reiley, and others, were called out, and made appropriate speeches and offered senti- ments. Some very good songs were sung, and the evening wore off to the witching hour of the night. It was one of those agreeable occasions that will long be treasured in the memory of every one present. at his last lecture in St. Louis, in taking leave, he said— “Short as it has been, during my stay T have seen and heard of, and been moved to the contemplation of much goodness, intellect, and liberality; have felt around me, like the watm throbbings of the waters in the sunshine, the vibrations of genial hearts—have beheld many testimonies of your staunch industry, bold enterprise, and active charit —your care of the orphan, the emigrant, the sic! mechanic, the struggling laborer—and have from this spot been raised up, as if by the power of a rap- turous vision, to an eminence, from whence, for the | first time, I have beheld the proportions of the re- ublic in their amptitude, and her future expanding itself before me, like the ocean in the dawning of the day. There have been kindly regrets whispered in my presence, that the hours have not been brighter, the sun more apo of his glory, the earth less liberal of his sullen humors, But, in “these regrets, I have had no cause to share, though I love the of heaven to its frowns, For the contrast which your good nature and hospitable spirit, your grace and gallantry, have offered to the gloomy coloring of has been the more striking, and, since it has d this coloring, is all the more charming, and will leave upon the memory of your visiter an impression the more durable and vivid. * * * * As from Judea went forth the light, which has dif- fused itself over all tribes and climes, eyen to the ; may the true conception and gospel of ‘y's destiny go forth from hence, and | spreading from this centre, to the east and to the west, be accepted as the creed of the countless pil- who have settled on your shores, along your , and in the forest; and in the rise, expansion, and firm consolidation of a commonwealth that shall | recognise no limits, save those which nature has as- signed her, may the sublimity of this creed be made | ¢ be fulfilled. manifest and its prom La Cover ov Arrpa: made. Nos. 15, 17, » B4, 7, 77, 87, 97, , 123, 137, 151, 215, struck off under the rule. 100, Buel and others, respondents, ag: ‘Trustees of Lockport, appellant. Submitted. N. Howard, Jr., counsel. 19, (reserved cause,) Led- yad, respondent, vs. Acker, execntor, &c., appel- jant. Argued. Nathaniel B. Blunt for appellant; G. B. J. Bowdoin for respondent. No. 18, Dunham and another, respondents, vs. Pettee and another, appellants (reserved.) Argued. N. Hill, Jr., for ap- peilants; A. Taber for respondents. Not conclude: reral motions Jax. L—Motion day, N. 7, Price, Surveyor, &c., appellant, against MeGowa \d others, respondents. Motion by respondents to dismiss the appeal in this action. Granted, with costs by default. N. Hill, Jr. counsel. 1, Bogard respondent, against Verm' ap pellant. “Submitted. N. Howard, Jr., counsel. No. 221, The people, resp nts, against Cook, ppellant. ued, John ©. Spencer for appellant; in A. Collier and N. Hill, Jr., for respondents, the State Treasurer case between Welch and Mp Cover or tie Usirrn Sr Nos, 2) and 30. The United States v and V. F ~Appeals from 8 for Loui ice Catron del opinion of this said district 4, With directions to the petitions of the el P. H. De Lane et al., appellants, vs. A. B. The argument of this canse was con- tinned by Mr. Bradley for the appellees, and con- cluded hy Mr. Butler for the appellants. No. 40. The Vincennes Univers crtor, vs. the State of Indiana, ‘T ued by Mr. Judah for the plaintiffs in error, and submitted ona printed argument by Mr. Smith tor the defendant in error. No. 42. Jacob Delove t al.—This cat plaintiffs in > appellant, vs. James H. Lu- », from the Cirenit Court of the ori, was dismissed for larity in the proceedin of counsel for the appelle No. 43. E. T. Perry, Brant.—On the motion of from the Cire \ppellant, vs. Joshua B. Mr. Lawrence, this appeal t Court of the United States for Mi sation. menced by Mr. Bib Adjourned. JaNvany, 7-—Charles 8. 1 Averill ester and Calvin K. Esqrs., of New York, and Cheyney H. per, and W. Arthur Jackson; Haqrs., of Pennsylvania, were admitted as attorneys and coun- sellors of this Court, Nos. 44, 45, 46, and 47,—William. tite” in error, v8. J. D. Finley, et al. Th * ty, pla arguinent 0 these cases was continued by Mr. Bibb for the tivinerror, and by My, Hill for the detendants in A ion gave a dinner, at the Planters’ | s—J. | inton, Rev. Mr. Homes, Messrs. | light better than the darkness, and prefer the smiles | ‘ainst the | n | Mexico and the United States, in a French: Point of View- slated froma Patrie, of the 2d of December.) ‘or some months le steamshi arrived from the United States, that has not borne to us the most deplorable intelligence from Mexico. Ey au, thing that before long some grea erie take place in the internal constitu- federation. ‘and in the very existence of the Mexicam con- Not only is Mexico a prey to anarchy, of which no - idea can he given—not nat do entire provinees raise the standard of revolt against the central and institute revolutionary t they render obedience and pay taxes ; but still more, it would be difficult to name one of the great powers with which Mexico maintains political and commer- cial connexions, who has not the gravest complaints ‘inst lier. Thus, to only cite three powers of the old and the new world, England, France and the United States have reason to make upon Mexico de: as just as they England, for a I hebait ie we doe rs of cite 00ds. as 2 Ti lemand reparat for the out to ‘which her citizens nave been a tig otenes fained nally, the ‘United ‘States, iadepententiy tained ; ly, the : of what remains unpaid to them since the last war, are in a litigation with her on thé subject of the con- cession of the Tehuantepec route, in which Ameri- can contractors find themselves prejudiced in conse- quence of the refusal of sanction opposed by Con- 3 to a past treaty with government. In this way e condition, interior as well as exterior, of Mexico: presents inextricable embarrassments, even for an: administration as strong and as intelligent as that of this unhappy country is feeble. _ Evidently such a state of things cannot endare,, and we may momentarily e: to see rise some great event which will completely change the pre- sent order of things, or rather, the disorder to w! q the Mexican confederation is a prey. 3 In the expectation of such an eventuality, whick we consider as near, some precise information on the present position of Mexico may be interesting. The Mexican confederation occupies a territory of eight hundred thousand square miles, lying on oceans—the Atlantic and Pacific. The population amounts to eight millions of souls, thus divided among different races:—4,354,886 Indians, 2,165,345. rey Sen ne; Sign i ine = 8 to the financial resources of the country, the ave, notwithstanding the fertility of the mntey, i proverbial mineral weaith, tiuch under the charges which Mexico has incurred, as may be seen by the following account made according to the most pre- cise information:— National expenses. see $13,765,495 government, ns to which Reyenue.......... seeeee 6,540,112 f Ballclhs ves acnncs crn: Nee eae aD To which must be added interest of the debt .......66 . » 8,988,431 Total annual deficit............... $17,213,754 or more than eighty-five millions of francs deficit, ray an ordinary revenue of twenty-five millions of francs. It is seen that the financial abyss open before Mex- ico is dug more deeply from year to year, and that a catastrophe is imminent. It is true that the United States are there, and they would ask nothing better than to undertake the Mexican Haake: when the position: will be no longer tenable forthe government. Brother Jonathan has already made, some years since, such a good affair with California, a3 not to dread engaging in a new operation, if it but get the Spree of entering into it. It remains to know whether the other powers, creditors of Mexicb—even those who are only inter- | ested in the political equilibrium of the world—will accept, without protestation, this species of cession of property made by the Mexican government, as | last resource, to the profit of its rich and powerful neighbor. Would England, France, and the other i poke powers have no objections to see united, iv. the hands of a single power, the whole of North | America, that is to say, an extent of territory as large in itself as all Europe? The Religious Test in New Hampshire. [From the Concord Patriot, Jan. 7.) On Tuesday, in the Senate, Mr. Whittemore intro- duced the following joint resolution, which was unan- imously adopted by that body, and sent down to the House for concurrence :— Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives | in General Court convened, That the provision of our | State Constitution, commonly called the “Religious Test,” which makes the profession of a certain religious faith a» essential qualification for certain offices, is unjust, anti- republican, contrary to the spirit of the present age, and discreditable to our State and people; and when the proper lime arrives foragain calling a convention to revise the constitution, we will spare no efforts to induce the people to assent to the calling of such convention, and to the abrogation of a principle which should find no place in the constitution of a free State. When this resolution was read in the House, Mr. Preston, of New Ipswich, moved that it be laid on the table, giving as his reason that it was desirable | to have it acted upon by a full House. The motion was agreed to without objection; but we hope our friends will not allow this day to close without calling it up and passing it. As persons abroad may inquire why we do se Sie pose now to submit to the people the question of cab fe a convention to revise the Constitution, we deem it proper to remark that itis considered doubtful wheth- er we have constitutional authority todo so. Ourcon- stitution provides that this question shall be submitted “at the aes of every seven years.” It has al- ways been held by the democrats that the Legisissare could submit the question as often as they pleased, until a convention was called; but after a convention has been held, many good lawyers and others hold. that the question cannot again be snbmitted until expiration of seven years from the calling or holding of such convention. This mayor may not be the true construction of the rather blind Ves of the constitution upon this subject; but whether it is s0 or not, a difference of opinion in regard to it would ren- der futile any efforts to get a convention called now. A convention was held in 1850, and in this view of the question, another cannot be held until 1557.. This suppo: onstitutional difficulty has deterred. us and many earnest advocates of the abrogation of the religious test, from urging the calling of another convention at this time. But it is due to the charac- | ter of our State that the a geal should pass the above resolution, and we hope our friends in the | House will ece that it is done. The Froshets. Destrverion OF Prorerry 1N Fayerte County, | Inpiawa—Wutre Warer Canan.—The Connersville Times, of the 31st ul the following account | of the destruction of property in_ that region, and of the damage done to the White Water Canal, by. the freshet: wsday morning of last week, about 4 On o'clock, it commenced raining, and rained incessant ly all day, until some time in the next night. White | Water to rise some time in the day, and con- tinued to rise rapidly until within a few inches of ite greatest height in the great flood in January, 1847, j carrying all before it. The White Water Canal is literally ruined; locks and culverts torn down; em- bankments levelled with the surface; the feeder dams washed away, and in many places not a vestige left to show that there had ever n a canal. The farms on the bottom lands are stripped of their | fencing; a great deal of stock were either drowned or strayed away; fields of corn carried away by the flood, or buried in the sand. Some 1,200 barrels of lard, besides meat and other articles, were floated off from the porkhouse of Conwell & Sons, much of which can never be recovered. Any attempt to esti- mate the amount of property. Tost and > would he mere conjecture. It is it, by most capable of judging, that the loss to this county, on White Water and its tributaries, cannot be lese | than from $300,000 to $560,000. And the rain on ay wt se night last, raised ape ta within two feet of the first rise, no doubt, great augmented the losa. " x iy The Times adds that gloom and d cy per- vades the Canal Compvny, and, indeed, the whole community; and it is prophecied that the canal will. never be reconstructed.” Excrrement at tHE ALsany Tagatre.—This morning, while the person in charge of the theatre was engaged in preparing the place for the evening performance, Mr. Preston, aceompanied by some fourteen persons, entered and took possession of it. A messenger was despatched to Madame De Margue- riltes, to inform her what was going on. She imme- ly consulted her counsel, who advised her to take forcibie possession of th A posse of the police wa 1,and on arriving at the pri ‘e on Hamilton street, the Madame de manded admitiance. This was refused, and death threatened to those who should make the attempt to force open the door; and innskets were pointed at the officers from the windows. The Madame directed the police to break open the door, which they did; and ow their entrance some of the party who were inside fled, whil 1 of them attacked the officers. In the m Whalen received a wound ,in- flicted by a and another officer narrowly es- eaped with his lite—a pass having been made at him with a bayonet, which cut through his coat, vest and inside garments, Ouly one man was arrested inside, | and his name was Patrick Delehanty. He is the same person who on C as Kve got drank, beat, and nearly killed his wife. When we left the place the two parties were promenading on the tate! Tl one desirous of going on with the rehearsal for the evening performance, and the other said the same was his wish. Both were apparently awaiting the movements of their respective Sunil Tn the street | in front of the theatre, and at the private entra | groups of persons were conversing about the aff | and from what we could gather, the public feeling | was strongly in favor of the Madame. There was no feeling of violence against either party manifested, but a strong desire was expressed to Nave the ques tion of title now permanentiy settled — Albany Jowr- nal, Jan. 1. | Geffert Heissenbnttel, » German, was drowned at 1 Charleston op the 7th inst. Bog tne back, has a demand on France “