The New York Herald Newspaper, December 9, 1852, Page 4

ON BENNETTS, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. T aiaaaaneanananamee “CORNER OF FULTOW AND waseaU ers. HERALD to conte copy— ‘annum, per WRBKLY HERALD. every Satu Deak coats ‘copy or ennam; See to amppart of Great Britain and $8 loamy part ef the | eres CORRESPONDENCE containing taper. | af the world; if used, | 4 REIGH CORRESPONDENTS aan ParviowLsn cy Requesrep ro Sear aut Lerrens BALL LEETERS by mail Subscription. cr with Adve bye! fost peid or the postage wil bee from | NO NOTICE taken ef anonymevs ‘communications, We de mot return those rejected. JOB PRINTING executed with neatnees, cheaper, and «s+. No, 348, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWSRY THEATRE, Bowery. -Txe Hesnew Sox- - Tersers. BROADWAY THEATRE, Brosdway.—Axxx Boawa— Mannizp ano Serrixp. WIG10'S.—FParonrerz> ro Deatn—Cuserie—Diver- weseMENT. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambore street.—Rarusa Ex- = -Sexvevs Faxiiy—-Ong Taousanp Mitismene ANTED. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Srr or West- omrerkn—La Perover. WALLACK'S /BATRE, Broadway.—Mexar—-Hica Live Bevow Starnes. WHITE'S THEATRE OF VARIETIES, 17 and 19 Bowe- ery.—Hvsminn ar S:owr—F entT—ROLAND FOR an CLiveR—Way Don’r Sx RY. AMERICAN MUSEUM.— Afternoon —Wa Fuer-Ore froveasp Miuinens W. ‘Tue URrHAN's Danams. HOP’ CHAPBL.—Ma. UTLINGER's C2Nex! TABERNACLE.—~Deurst mest ‘s Barras Exrearain- | 5B Roows Y.—Me CHRIESTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 672 Broadway—Kruseriam Maweraecer wy Curisty's Mixsta xis, ‘WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Broad- way.—Rrmiorran MresTRetay. CIKCUS, 87 Bowory.—Kquesrnian EWTERTAINMENTS. New York, Thursday, December 9, 1852. The News. The contents.of the despatches from Havana, | which were transmitted to Washington by the steamer Fulton,-ere as yet unknewn. They are sup- posed, however, to'relate to the imprisonment of | Capt. Gray, and the late crew of the ship Lady Suf- | folk. The officers of the Falton are impressed with | the belief that they would be released The Cap- | tain- General, it is surmised, is too deeply interested in the slave trade himself to resort to extroms | measures, parsicularly if he should be impressed | with the belief that the accused were really guilty | of the charge of-having built and sold the L. S. for | ‘the purpose of being used as @ slaver. | The controversy respecting the claim of Mr. | Dizon toa seat again occupied the attention of | the United States Senate yesterday, and after a short debate between Messrs. Cass, Dawson, and | otbers, wae postponed till Monday. As this affair has created considerable excitement amongitho poli- “ ticians throughout the country, we will simply give the words of the constitution relative to the eleo- tion of Senators. That document says, “ If vacan- cies happen, by resiguation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the exe- eative thereof may make temporary appointments wntil the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall! then fill such vacancies.” Now, at thetime Mr. Clay sent in his resignation, which was to go into effect en the lst of September, the Kentucky Lagis- | lature was in session, and very properly proeeeded to | ill the prospective vacancy. Mr. Dixon waselected. Had Mr. Clay survived, there would have been no { question whatever as to Mr. Dixon's title to the | Missiesippi; naval intelligence ; commercial review, | seat ; but before his resignation went into effsct, | #4 great number of news paragraphs of overy ‘Mr. Clay deceased, and the Governor of Kentucky | at once sppointed Mr. Meriwether to fill the imme @iate vacancy. What some of the democrats con- | tend for is that Mr. Clay’s death rendered his pros- | pectire resignation oull and void; that Mr. Mari- | wether, although he has not, at this session, pre- ferred any claim, bas been duly appointed to occupy the seat and should retain it till tho next meeting of the Kentucky Legislature. Jcis® new and very | curious controversy, and its eettlement will doubtles® | be hereafter quoted as a precedent in adjusting simi lar difficulties. How the question will be decided | remains to be seen. | Anotber general onslaught upon the public lands is to be made during the present session of Con- | grese, if the movements of different members are to | be tsken as evidence. In the Senate, yesterday. notice was given of a bill granting to Ohio all the | ‘ansppropriated and unsold public lands in that | Btate. Mr. Gwin also gave notice of a bill granting | public lands for eonstructing ® railroad from the | Mississippi river to the Pacilig ecean. The rapid | improvement of the country renders the absolute | necessity of this proposed rond apparent, and if | our Congrésemen are determined to continue the | practice of granting Isnds for purposes of internal improvement, this is decidedly one of the first that | should receive their support. A road ef this kind | would soon put an end to the controversies respest- ing the Tehuantepec, and all the other Mexican and Central and South American routes. Besides, it would bring China, Australia, Japan, &e , within | less than a month’s journey of the Atlantic, | coast, thus rendering our own country the great | quisition of Cuba sheuld be based. Tasugh our gov- thoroughfare between Europe and Asia; and, what is of equal importance, bind together the Atlantic and Pacific States with indissoluble firmness. This is a great country—therefore let this proposed rail- road be properly encouraged, in preference to all | others. Serator Clemens yesterday introduced his resolu- tion, in accordance with previous notice, proposing to confer, for meritorious services, the/breve+ rank of Lieutenant General upon General Scott. The de- mocrats can now well afford to confer this high com pliment,npon the distinguished hero. Sonator Gwin intreduced a resolution, which lies over, di- recting the submission of all the general appropri- ticn bills, except the civil and diplomatic bills, be- fore the first of next month. Thia certainly indi- cates an intestion of going to work, although the Senate sctuelly adjourned after a session of less than ore hour's duration, ln the House of Reprecentatives yesterday, the | Speaker announced the standing commitices, which | are nearly the same a8 those of last session. Tne | changes made wil! be found daly registered in the | report elsewhere. Twenty thousand dollars were appropriated to defeay the expenses of messengers in coaveping to Waehington the votes of the dif- ferent Stwtes for Provitent and Vico Prezident. I: will be recollected that cach messenger is paid at the rate of twenty-five cents per mile. This isa | pretty fat job for somo of them. The death of the | Hon. Oriv Fowler, whig member at the last session, from Marsechuscits, haying been anounced, the | House parsed the wna) rewlasioas of respect, and | therevpoa adjourned. We to-day publish she repords from the Indian | and Pevsion Departmests, both of which will be | found apusually interesting. The dcrmer prosents » | graphis description of the present condition of the aborigines within the terivory of the United | States, and will therefore be cead with attention by | all who are interested ia the welfare of the uafor- | tunste red man, whose race ir gradually Secoming extinet. To-morrow we shall endeavor to lay before | of Buffalo. | lent charge, in which many existing ovils are point- | past fow weeks, that we should have felt some re- | Cafiedo, and the touching reconciliation which rucceeded dz electing a United States Senater to supply the place of Mr> Mangum, whove term runs out on the 4th of March. The democrats have s majority f two; but in conrequenee of » split among them they cannot svree upon 2 candidate. If they are not careful, the whigs, who are united upon Mr. Rayner, will elect their man. Advices from the Cape of Good Hope, to the 26th of Oxtober, announce the Kaffir war of extermina- tion was progresting slowly. In#-reoont skirmish, Give of the natives were killed, and five of their can- pon were captured. The Britieh lost one captain ond two privates in the fight. The United States sloop-of war St. Marys’ reach- ed Philadelphia yesterday, after a cruise of two years and three months in the Pacific, during which time she sailed seventy-five thousand miles, and lost two men, one of whom died ‘from dysentery and the other from consumption. ‘This speaks well for the ranatary care taken ef the men by their officers. We ave sorry to learn that another terrific storm prevailed on Leke Erie, last Tuesday night, during which several verses were damaged, in the vicinity It is feared that many of those out on | the Lake suffered greatly, though to what extent is | ae yet unknown, from the fact that the telegraphic wircs along the coast have been blown down. The province of Nova Scotia was recently visited by a very heavy fall of enow. In the vicinity of Pictou it fell to the depth of four feet. The storm is reported to have raged with such violence as te break the telegraph wires in sixty places within a space of nine miles. Various accounts of maritime disasters are given under the telegraphic head. Among them we no- tice that the British bark J. S. De Wolfe, hitherto reported ashore at St. Catherine's Island, has proved an entire-loss. The British brig Ottoman was late- | ly wrecked on Sable Island The steamship Niagara is now over-due at Hali- fax with one week’s later news from Europe. The Cunard steamer America, which sailed from Boston for Liverpool yesterday, took out $325,000 | in American gold. The Court of General Sessions commenced the business of the December term yesterday, and « Grand Jury was organized. It will bo seen else- where that the Recorder, in the course of an exeel- ed out, called attention to the diegracefal riot at Tammany Hall, as a matter it was the duty of the Grand Jury to investigate, and one in which it was important that the law should be rigidly enforeed, to protect citizens of all parties in their privileges of lawful discussion and deliberation. The Third Avenue Railroad scheme, whieh passed the Board of Assistants on Monday night, was last night, on its introduction into the Board of Aldermen, referred to the Committee on Streets — The report in favor of selling lands onthe North river by the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, ard upon which a considerable dobate took place last term, was adopted, with only two dissenting voices. The Boardof Assistants concurred in a reso- Tution to extend the horpitalities of the city to the President elect, on his arrival, but were unanimous in amending it, by striking out the words, “as guest ef the Democratic Republican General Committee ” They also concurred in the resolu:ion to appropriate 1,000 in aid of the purchase of the “Old Brewery ” by the Ladies’ Benevolent Missionary Society. Mr. John Thompson delivered an able and elo- quent lecture yesterday evening, at the Broadway Tabernacle, on the life, character and genius of Milton. In addition to a large number of advertisomeats, our inside pages to-day contain the proceedings in the Common Council; monthly meeting of the His- torical Society; election ef officers in the Horticul- tural Society; ceremonies of laying the corner stone of anew Presbyterian church at Manhattanville; further relative to the loss of the pilot boat Yankee; trial trip cf the new steamer J. L. Stephens; action of the Chamber of Commerce concerning pilotage; | interesting letter from Boston; Presidential vote of description. The Real Cuban Question—What Will tne Foreign Powers 00} The island of Cuba and Purser Smith have eocu- pied so large @ share of public attention, during the | luctance to make either of them the theme of fur- ther speculation, had we not noticed that an erroneous opinion is afloat on the subject. Mr. George Law, General Cafiedo, and the Presi- dent, have elevated Mr. Purser Smith to auch @ pionacle of notoriety, that many peeple have begun to fancy that his private quarrels | | were the only issues at stake, and his exclusion | irom Cubs our only pretext for eoveting the island. | | now beginning, only beginning, to experience aslight | be declared, and what will be the picture? Fresh | taxes, dear bread, a diminution of trade, anxiety per- suffered to pass inte the hands of another European power. Whigs and demecrats, from Adamste Polk, all have coincided in considering Oubs an cesential complement to our tertitory, both in a commercial and in a military point of view. This unanimity smeng men who couldagree on no other point is s fact pregnant with instruction. If all the statesmen of the United States, ig the last twenty-five years, have unhesitatingly declared that the transfer of Cuba to Great Britain or France could not be tolerated, and that its incorpora- tion into the Union was eminently desirable, we may fairly conclude that such is the deliberate sense of the nation The people of the United States are not likely to abandon an objest which they have been steadily pursuing during one- third of the-period of their national existence. ‘We may also undoubtedly infer from the same fact, that any interference on the part of Great Britain or Franco with our designs on Cuba would be immediately followed by a declaration of wartrom Washington. This Greaf Britain and France well know. They cannot doubt for an instant that the first symptom of an intention on their part to debar us fiom the posession of the island, would bo thesig- nal for the most desperate war in which this country has ever been exgeged. Would either France or England renounce the blessings of peaco upon such apretext? Is there a British statesman so bold as to plunge the country into the horrors of a protract- «dwar, to double the national expenditure, and double the taxes under which the poorer classes aro slready ground to the earth, for the mere chance of ehecking our commercial and national progress? It would need a terrible provocation to goad England into a warat the present day. Afcer years upon yeareof suffering, caused by the insane ambition of Mr. Pitt and other war- loving ministers,her people are aleviation of their burthens. A few taxes have been repealedy bread is cheap, trade is flourishing, atd the people are comparatively happy. Let war vading every face, slarm spreading irom the seaports to the most inland village, tho press-gang, and the recruiting sergeant. And yet there aromen in their sane eenses who believe that Great Britain would voluntarily exehange the former for the latter, werely for the sake of injuring a nation in whose proeperity she is direetly interested, and without the slightest prospcot of actual benefit to horself. Nor is it less ridiculous to anticipate any interfer- ence on the part of France. Louis Napoleon is hardly 20 secure on his throne that he could afford to send his troops thousands of miles from France, while the clamor of civil commotions is yot ringing in his ind the Faubourg Saint Antoine still teems with unconquered republicans. A campaign against a tough Arab may be an excelleat and economical pastime, and may serve equally well to discipline the troops and occupy the attentien of the people. But a war with the United States is a very Gifferemt matter, and could not be undertaken with- out a solid guarantee of stability at home, and an overflowing treasury, both of whieh are wanting to France at the present moment. The Emperor will have enough to do for many a year in consolidating his new throne, and his soldiers will find amplo occupation im keeping the Paris mob quiet. If, then, it be the unalterable resolve of the United | States te wage an uncompromising war against any foreign nation which might venture to intrude upon | our relations with Cua; if Great Britain and France, whose rulers cannot, dare mot, go to war ; with us on such a pretext, are in full possession of | these, our sentiments—and we cannot understand | how any doubt can be entertained on either head— we run no risk in asserting that we need apprehend no serious obstacle from abroad to the realization of the splendid design which has glittered before the ‘ancy of our greatest stattsmen. On the contrary, as we endeavored te show in o recent article, a calm, practical view of the question shows that Franee and Eng'and must really wish us \ success in the undertaking. Even without alluding te the irdirect benefit which British merchants would dezive from the extension of their trade with Cuba, consequent upen our occupation of the island, the argument that any sum of money which we might pay for it would be chiefly ap. propriated to the payment of the Spanish bond- holders, whose claims on Spain are now little better than waste paper, is one which could not fail to be appreciated by Englishmen. It would be to the free traders a mere questien of profit or loss. The; would lose nothing by our taking Cuba, and devel- oping its resources, while they would gain the whole, or very nearly the whole stated value of the bonds. | | An Englishman is peculiarly sensitive to arguments | of this nature. Again, both Great Britain and | France have learnt, that so long as the Spanish au- Now that Mr. Smith has been allowed onee more to tread the pavemeat of Havana, these | people honestly believe that all thoughts of an- Dexation ought to be banished from the public mind. This isa fatal confusion of ideas. Mr. Pur- scr Smith has nothing more to de with the Cuban question thar the sei-disant Signor Aleazor, who civilly contributed a torpede to our colleetion of curiosities the other day. His dispute with the Captain-General would have attraced very lit- tle notiee, if Mr. Conrad had not contrived to make himself ridiculous, and the administra tien unpopular, by writing on the subject. In reality, the outlawing of Mr. Smith by Genoral we are told has since been effected, are matters of no momont whatever, when compared wich the weighty reasons on which the advocacy of the ac- erament is bound to protect its citizens abroad, and would have acted a more popular, and wo bel wiser part, by pursuing a different course with respeet to the Crescent City difficulty, neithor the errors they have committed, nor their subsequent retrieval by the Cuban authoritios, weigh a feather in the balance in which the dostiny of Cuba is suspended. The wish to possess Cuba is entirely indepen- dent of any vindictive feeling for real or supposed injuries. We require it ins commercial and in a military point of view. It is necessary to our trade, asthe finest of the Wost India islands, abounding in the richest fruits of tropical climates, and other undeveloped resources. These can never be fally | But a short time will elapse—a short time in thorities of Cubs wink at the slave trade, no British | or French squadron can put it down. In fact, it | never was so thriving or so profitable as at the pro- | sent moment, when a squadron of British steamers | encircle Cuba. A reliable correspondent sets down | the import of negrees into the island during the | yearat nearly 4,000 souls; and vessels are con- | stantly being fitted out to engage in the luorative traffic, in spite of all the efforts of the British erai- | sers. No Englishman of sense oan doubt that tho only feas.ble mode of preventing it is transferring the island into our hands. If, therefore, the five na- tions are eincere in their dosire to put down the slave trade, they will not hinder the only possible arracgement by which that end can be attained. To | cur thinking, these two motives—cupidity on the | one hand, and philanthropy on the other—will have | no alight influence on the temper of Groat Britain and France. the history of nations—wo foel convineed, before Cuba becomes ours, by and with the censent and approval of Great Britain and France. Time will be the suocessful dip!omatist in this question. | The Queen of the Antilles must come to us withoat the aid of the filibusters or @ war. It must come { to us peaceably and honorably. It will do ao. Iuvorrant v2ou Havti—Wao Comes Taexs?— We bave information from Hayti that a French naval sqnadron had entered the bay cf Samana, on the Rortheastern coast of the island of Mayti, and withia turned to account so long asthe island remains io the bands cf sluggish Spaniards ; whereas thoy | would prove an inexhaustible mine of woaith under our management. Freed from the thral dom of Spain, eur exports to Cuba would ap proximate more closely to ten or twelve millions a year than tosix andahalf; and we should draw from thence an amount of produce which would show a corresponding increase on the seventeen mil- lions at which our imports of last year were esti~ mated. Nor are the military reasons for its annexation leas conclusive. The chief of the West Indias Islands—the key to the Gulf of Mexioo—the poasss- sion of Cuba would be indispensable to us in case of war Jt commands all the routes to California, and guarde the high road to New Orleans. With suche rendezvous, the floets of foreign powers could vasily cripple the commerce ofthe Southern States, and spread devastation on our coasts, from Charleston to Mexico, and up the Mississippi and Missouri as far as population and agriculiure extend. So long as it remains in the hands of Spain, and may, at any day, be used as & naval station by the Huropean al: lies of thet nation, we cannot consider euraelves the undirputed masters of this continent. Once le! it be ours, and we ehall not need much exertion to en force practically the Monroe doctrice. our renders the reports of the Secretaries of War | | and Interior. — Ramore of more expeditions against Guba are bo } ¢ last San Antouio coming ourrent iu the South (texas) Ledger rewarks that tar wth, supposed to be volunteors for Cuba, were quar force on Bt Joseph's Ieland. Tre ivgidpvore of Noth Carolia: bas not yet eo oundred armed | pendered over the means of annexing Cubs Jt has been for these and eimilar reasons, that every succeésive administration which has ruled this country, during the last quarter of a centary, has Lt was om rbese grounds that Jobn Quinsy Adams and Henry Clay thought interfere to proveat the the limits of the Dominican repudlic, with a view, | asit appears, of taking possession, if the United States shall cousent to the same. Pessibly this i'remch squadron ise part of the general scheme which has been in progress for some time between the English and I'recch agents in Hayti, for turning over the whole island to the domi- nion of the black Emperor Soulonqus. Our govera- ment, during the present administration, has paid very little attention to the affairs of Hayti, and it | Sppears to have had vory littls sympathy with the little republic of white people of the eastern division of the island. Perhaps s resolution by Conzrees, pro- | perly put, would elicit some interosting and valua- | ble information upon the whole subject. If tho | United States are to become a party to the csial lishment of a Freneh oolony in St. Domingo, or to the transfer of the Dominican republic to the negro Emperor Soulouque, it is time, at least, that Con- recs thould underetand it. Let us have some light on this dark subject Tue Orrra at Last —We poresive,frem an an- | nouncement in our advertising column, that the | citizens of New York aro about to enjoy the rare | privilege of seeing and hearing in opera the grontest | musical artiste that has as yet visited the United | States. Sonteg, on her retarn, will appear in grand | opera, with a splendid troupe. Everybody will go | to witness there brilliant performances, in order to compare them with the achievements of Grist and | Mario, who will visit us next year, nnd al) appear | in opera. In which of the theatres the German prima donva is to make her debit is 28 yo! a seoret, but it will be made public in due timo. Toere cin invasion of the island; that Daniel Webster delivered bis eloguert speech, weintaiving that Cuba cannot be be little doubt that ehe wil produce a tremeudous seusation. | Musto—Its Progress, and ite Baects in the j ence on the public taste. United States. The progress of music in the United States, for the Inst few years, has been very extraordinary, and hes more than kept psce with the ether fine arts. The reason is obvious—masic, unlike the other arts, propagates iteelf with great rapidity. From the pleasure it gives, and from the facilities afforded in modern times for acquiring 2 knowledge of it, in a country so prorperous as the United States—a coun- try the great mass of whose people can afford to pay for admission to the performances of the groatess musical artists. of the age, and can also affurd to pay for the best musical education for their families—the rapid extension of the art might have been anticipated. A few years ago con- certs were ‘‘like angels’ visite, few and far be- tween,” and both vocal and instrumental music, in private circles as well asin public, was at a very low standard. Now, music has attainod a very high de- gree of excellence, both in the family, in the orches- tras of our concerts, theatres and opera houses, at our public entertainments, and in our military bands. And this taste for music is decidedly on the inoreass, as new candidates for public favor spring up within our borders, or new colebrities visit us from beyond the Atlantic. The great European vocalists who have followed each other to the United States in quick succession, within the last two years, have produced a remarkable effect in raising the stand- ard of musical taste, and spreading the scienve and end practice of music over the land. This is, there- fore, a musical era in the country, and the art has received a powerful impetus. Toe musical enter- tainments given night after night in this city alone are very considerable, as may be seen from the ad- yertisements and notices from time to timo in the Herap. Sonteg of course reigns supreme. Let us take a glance of what is doing turoughout the country at large. Alboni, the greatest liying contralto, has had splendid success during the last week in Albany, Troy, Rochester and Buffalo. In cach city she was recoived with enthusiastic plaudits and crowded au- | diences: At Rochester she was serenaded twice. In the same city, a concert has been given by Soott’s | Band, when several vocalists of talent and ability were engaged, among them Miss Phelps, of Ro- chester, who was received with great onthusiasm At Lockport, the Swiss Bell Ringers have given two concerts. Catherine Hayes is by this time in California, where she was preooded by Biscaccianti, who was very successful. No doubt the Irish prima donma will be still more so. Mrs. Bostwick, in every place she visits, meets with a warm reception. She was last at Cleveland. | The Messrs. Raymond, who are now at Louisville, where they propose, in connection with Mr. Malone Hayward, to give @ number of concerts, have met with considerable success in the West. Ole Ball is giving a series of concerts in the principal cities of the Union. He has visited Cincinnati in company with Adeline Patti, and given concerts there. He will give concerts also at St. Louis, Louisville, Lexington, Frankfort, and Nashville. At Leuisville, and many other cities, Miss Worrell has given musical sotrees, and is represented as an Erglieh lady of great talent, who possesses the rare power of entertaining an audience for two hours by | her own varied talent in singing English ballads. Madame Ablamowicz, ‘‘the distinguished vooalist,” is announced to give a series of concerts in Louis- ville about the im'd@le of this month; and we are told that Mons. F'. Simon cannot get the hall to j give his concett until the middle of Decomber. Mr. Whipple has been giving comic concerts ia Buffalo. Ole Hatz is giving concerts in various toyns of Pennsyivania. The Madame Anna Bishop ark troupe have commenced an engagement in »Piiladelphia. Madame Devries and Mr. Frazer, the English tonor singer, have been recently giving concerta there. ciety have just given concerts ia the same city. The Philharmonic Sscievy, also, gave a concert last week, comprising ‘a rich bill of known talent” in the Quaker city; aad the Musical Fund Society’s first concert hes come off, at whieh the sisters Tourny sang duets by Mendelsschn, and young Camillo Urso performed on the violin; Signor Cortesi, the new Italian tenor, d Signor Foghell, the violinist, also took part in performance; and, to crown all, wo are told, that | Adolph Schmitz, bas commenced a sorics f popular juvenile concerts at Sansome Street Hall. In Baltimore, the Goodalls great success in concer's. Mr. Dempster, who has won so many laurels, charmed the New Englanders with his strains last week. Rosa May, “the English linnet,” after making a euc- ceseful tour in New England, is now singing in Canada, and is about to proceed to the Southern and Weatern cities ef the United States The papors describe her as ‘the queen of English ballad sing- ing.” Tho first of a series of six grand concerts, for the Musieal Fund Society of Boston, was given at | Caroline Leh- | the Music Hall on the 4th instant man sung upon the occasion. The Mendelssohn Quintette Club bad an excellent house at their con- eert, at Masonic Hull, on the 2d instant; and Han- del’s oratorios are to be performed at the Melodeon more perfectly than ever yet attemptedin the “ Tri- Mount City.” The Harmoncons gave @highly popu- lar concert on Thanksgiving evening, at Bangor, Maine. Mrs. Crouch has been giving coneerts in Portland. Miss Wheelock, with other musical talent of celebrity, has been recently giving concerts in the same State. In Charleston, tho Infant Dram- mor is astonishing the natives with his prodigious ekill. Finally, at New Orleans the opera season has already opened, thus getting the start of Now York. It will be seen, however, that we, too, are soon to have the Grand Opera, and of such e class as will eclipse New Orleans. Such is the extraordinary progress of music in the United States, east and west, north and south.” It has become quite a rage. The immense number of Germans who have emigrated to this country with- in tho last few years, and who are all musical, have | greatly contributed to the enlargement of musical | ideas. Tho great increase in eur military organiza- | tions, and im the number of military and other balls, has also tended to add fuel to the flame. What will be the effect of all this musical exolte- meat in the United States? The first cflect is to extend to the people at ‘arge the most refined ef all pleasures. second is to produce a pormanent refining influ- If musie ‘hath charms to sooth the savage broast,” it has also the power to olovate the civilized to higher pitch of refinement. It has a most happy offoet upon the domes ic affections, and makes home the con- tre of enjoyment. The ornament of poace, it is usefulin war. In all ages it has boen used with effect in the battle field. The war songs of Lyrtwus so animated the Lacedemonians, whon about to raise the siege of Ithome, that they rallied andor the inspiration, and dofoated the Mossinians. Bardism was an important profession among the primitive Celts With how mush offeot their bards purmued the practice of inflaming their hearers with a spirit | of freedom is universally acknowledged. So in- fluential were they that national enterprises were directed and controlled by them, and the Roman policy, so cruelly carried into effect by Suotonius in Anglesea, was imita‘ed by Edward the First in his | nguinary war with the Camri. Even Qaven Elizabeth thought it nescesary to onact some laws te restrain and diseourage tho bards both of Ire- | Jand and Wales. Diodorus informs us that the bards had power to prevont an engagement, evon when the epears wore lovoled for immediate action. The bards animatod the troopsin battle, andamused | them by their songs during the night. It is said thot the simple ballad of “Lillibulloro” contributed in ro emall degree to the revolution in Eoglaod. | We all know what the ‘ Marsolaise” has done in mere than one revolation in France. count the effect of our own Yankee Doodle and the | Star Spangled Banner in inspiring potriotiem and | courage t The power of mnsic in swaying the pas- ions is beautifully described by Dryden, in “Alex- The Harmonia Sacred Music So- ; have had | ‘The | And who can | ander’s Feast—an Ode tot Cecilia’s Day.” What outbursts of modern music in a fall orchestra! The zearon why music is so successful in its influence is that it speaks the language of Nature to the beat. Every man who is not callous and dead to all the generous impulees of humanity is moved by the power of music. In the words of ths post— ray Riact moved wih concord of ames founds, Is fit for treason, stratagems, and rpolla— Let no man trast him. When we look at music, as we now enjoy it in the United States, and compare it with its infancy, some centuries ago, we cannot fail to be struck with the wonderfal progress it has made. Formerly, instru- mental music was only used to mark the time for the voice, or the dance, and that a single instra ment. The ides of coneerted music appears to have been urknown. The term music among the ancient Greeks not only comprehended music proper, but dancing, poetry, rhetoric, philosophy, and, ac cording to Quintillian, even grammer. In short, the aggregate of all acquired knowledge was thea culled music, At that time music proper was fut a branch of a acience; now it has expanded into a great toience itself. Whether ancient music hss shared the fate of the other lost arts, and whether the pre- sent arrangement of it on scientific principles has been revived or invented by the moderns, is a mat" ter of uncertainty and dispute. But of one thing there cannot be a doubt, that three hundred years ago the science of music, comprising melody, har- mony, counterpoint, and thorough bays, did not ex- ist Til the time of Palestrina, about tho year 1570, sacred music, for instance, was nothing but a tissue of sweet souxds, almost destitute of perceptible H melody. Music, like the other arts of civilizaion, suffered by the Goths and Huns, who overrun Rome and Western Europe. It was not uatil the eleventh century, that Guido, a Benedictine monk, in Italy, laid the foundation ofzolfaing, and Franco, German, in the latter end of the same century, laid the foundation of figured music. In the four fol- Jowing centuries, harmony, counterpoint, and fugue, | were gradually developed. Thorough bass was dis- covered by Viadama, an Italian, two hundred years ago. All the inventions in music, and the improve ments, have been by Italians and Germans. Luili first introduced overtures. And even this imperfect music, in which one part only executed the melody, was performed in Italy, with but a small number of instruments. Paul Veronese, the great painter, who lived in the middle of the sixteonth century, has preserved to us the form of those which were used in his time in his famous picture, the ‘*Cena di San Giorgio,” namely, s double bass, a violoncello, a violin, a flute, aud the sackbut. But it was not till the time of the immortal author of the Creation, who only died at Vienna forty-three years ago, that wusio attained its modern perfection Noman before him conceived the idea of an orchestra composed of eighteen kinds of instruments. Now New York is filled with bands of an excellent description, and asmany as eighty instruments hive performed in one orchestra within the last two years. In music, as in everything else, we have little conception of what the world was one hundred yeara ago. In instrumental music, Haydn produced a revolution, and was attacked byall the critics of the day for his daring innovations. He is the inventor of the prestissimo, and before his day, the allegro was only an andantino. lt was he that compelled the wind instruments to execute pianissimo. Before his time, few movements were constructed with more than four degrees duration, the shortest being to the longest as one to eight; but we have now whole bars, where thirty-two notes are played in the time of one in the other parts. To him was also due the extension of the scale into altissimo, which has had a wonderful effect upon melody, and by increas- | sng the number of harmonic comsinations, has en- larged the boundaries of thorough bass. In the tine of Lulli, sbifting upon the violin was unkoown, and whenever the note C, upon the first string, occurred, twas looked upon with great terror, and in order to put the performers upon their guard, it was the practice of the leader te cry out, ‘Mind the C.” The difficulty was got over by an exertion of the ittle finger. Haydn was the true inventor of sym- phony, for the symphonies of Lulli and others were | eompoeed of a violin part, a bass, and nothing more. ' Not only was Haydn the inventor of this kind of | music, but he carried it to such a degree of perfec- tion that it has never been improved by contemo0- Tary or subsequent composers, and even Beethoven and Mozart have been successful in moving the passions only when they havo followed his genius. Like Sir Isaac Nowton, in astronomical science, he dizcovered in music great laws of harmony— but his secret died with him, Like the rules of beauty of the ancient Greek sculptors, called “canons,” which are now lost, and their very existence buried in obscurity, they were lawa of nature, and hence his success in touching the hu- man beart. Haydn, the son of « oartwright, brought | up in extreme poverty, and even with no early mu- sical advantages, is unquestionably the greatest musical genius that has ever appeared. He is not only the founder of the modorn art, but the most perfect of all modern authers. It is curious how nature and science were assisted by mechanic art, in the case of Haydn. The con- temporaneous invention of the pianoforte was the means of developing the sublimest ideas of the comporer, and the delicacy of its tones enabled him | to give the lightest shades, as well as the bold- est srokes, of musical expression. It is the only instrament that will represent the effects of a full orehestra; and, since its mechanism has been improved, later compesers have displayed its powers ina way hardly contemplated by Haydn himself. ‘The manner in which he employed wind instruments opers a field for experiment in the musical art which may not be exhausted for ages. He was tho first who discovered that each instrument has a pe- euliar faculty, and the first who appointed to each its proper office. He not only drew from the several | instruments their peculiar language, but grouped them into clasres for purposes entirely new. And such is the improvement produced by his genius, that | the finest overture of Lulli, as performed before Leuis XIV., would now soon empty our Metropolitan Hall of its audience We have men- tioned the piano, as enabling eomporers to give effect to their works in a way to whieh they nover could have other vise attained. Tho modern discovery of the ancient instrument called the eackbut, and #0 frequently mentioned in the Scriptures, has enabled bem to carry their conceptions into exeeution inthe orchoatra, by giving new force to the energetic pas- ages. When the ecitios of Herculaneum and Pom: peii were discovered beneath the lava of Vesuvius where they were buried for nearly two thousand years, a suckbut waa dug up,in 1790 The lower part of it is made of bronze, and the upper part, with the mouthpiece, of solid gold. It was made a pre- tent by the King of Neples to George IV. From this antique, the instrument now called the trombone has been fashioned. In quality of tone, itis unequalled by any of modern make; and perhaps it has dono more towards augmenting the sublime effects of the orchestra than any ono of the known.instru ments. So says a distirguished musical authony When we compare the orchestra and the vocal performers combined at the modorn musieal festivals with the music of tho ancient Greeks, from which the music of modern civilization is sprung, we are utterly at «loss to account for the effects ascribed by their writers to tho power of the lyre, as wielded by Orpheus. We are told that the most rapid rivors ceased to flow, wild beasts forgot their fiercencss, and mountains moved to listen to his song. Plat» the king ef holl, bimself, was 0 charmed with his strains that he consented to lot Eurydico, of whom he was enamored, accompany him to the upper regione. Making all due allowance for allegory and exaggeration, still it shows that extraordinary effects must have been produced Some remains of the Greek music, and of the principlos on which it is baeed, have come down, which appear to moderna unnatural, inoomprehensible, and devoid of beauty ‘ exactly confurniable to our own notions, and it only in reepect to the music that was so beautifal their oars and taste that we have no sy; with the most polished nation of antiquity. What were their higtest efforts compared with the musieal fes- tival in commemoratiqn of Handel, in Westminster Abbey, in 1534 when the instruments numbered 228, and the vocal performers 397, in all 620. The frst Italian lady sung publicly in London im 1692; an@ by the introduction and extension of the Italian opera since that time, and the perfection to which music has been carried in the British metropolis, it has been of late the great centre of musical taste for the rest of Europe. Yet Bogland hag ever produced one original ides in music. AU the airs the bas sre borrowed from the trou- badours, and she has no national melodies whatever Italy and Germany have given both England asd other modera nations everyshing in the way of music, with the exeeption of the beautiful Celiic music of Ireland aad Soot~ land, from which Huydo has taken seme of his brightest thougits With the Gaelic bards musi¢ seems to have been the mother of poetry, for they composed the melody firet, and then adapted words | toit. Those professors of masis were ebliged to study for twelve years, before thoy were uimittedd tothe order Nor +43 music confined to taem, for Bede tells us’ that, at onter:ainments in ancient Treland, the hurp was handed frem one te another, and if any one could not play, he felt so ashamed of his deficiercy that he took the firs. oppor~ unity to slink away The members of the Ssots’ church brought sacred musie to great perfection, and rendered it oslebrated: throughout Eurepe in very early ages, and left many treatises on it’ Whon Nevile Abbey, im France, was founded, the queen ef Pepin sent for Scots musicians and choristers to serve in it. Margret Abbey, now in ruins, near Limerwk, im Treland, is celebrated for its religious melody, hav- ng had, according to Archdall, no fewer thao five hundred, who served continually in the ehoir, The. English church apsears to have been @ evntrast te this. Prinn, in 1663, compares the musis to “ the bleating of brute beasts.” The ancient Irish, Scotch, and Welsh, all of the same Celtic origin, were, beyord all comparison, the most musical peo ple of Eurepe. The harp, the bagpiper, the eymbal, and horns and flutes, were the principal instrumentsc In the dark ages these nations were alse the dopo- sitaries of learning and civilisation. The first opera ever composed was Japhne, sung at Florence, near the ond of the sixteenth cen- tury, the words by Rinucoiai, and the masic by Peri. The greatest liviog composer ef opera id an Italian The greatest of the dead are Gere mans. The French are no better than the Bag- lish in the origination of music; and, what is strangerstill, the Spaniards possess only twe or :hre@ distinct airs. Itisa singular fact, that land so favored by the sun, the country of the Cid, and of those martial troubadors who were te be found vem in the armies of Charles V, has preduced ao distinguished muricians. The same ceuntry hag produced but one poet. It is upnecessary to tay that America, as yet, has projuced no great composer, nor any vooal- ist, of a high order. But in no eonmtry in the world does the divine art of musio at this moment, receive sueh patronsge and support; and New York is destired, in the fatare, to eclipse London, Paris, Milan, Vienpa, Berlin and every city in the world, . ag the centre of musical attraction. In the great cities of Ecrope, unless when supported by ‘he government, the opera hes failed; in London, not~ withstanding the number and wealth of the aris- tooracy, the managers have broktm down, princi- pally by tho starring system, which exeots suck high terms from them for prima donnas and ether artistes Here, without any government support, and without spy aris‘ocracy, the severeign people re not only able but wil ing to support the cpsrm better then ic hasever been supported in the old world. At the present artistes eommand higher ric's in New York, and the houses produce a. larger amount of money, than spywhere in world. Witness the splendid salaries reeeived by Bteffanone avd Bosio. aivi and Badi: nd o her members of the opera tr:upes, in New York, and, above all. the brilliant sucess of Jenny Lind, Cathe~ rine Hayes, Alboni, and Sontag. The natura! result is to attract the m geuius and talent of Hu- Tope to the great metropotis of the United Scares; and in # vers short time it will be demonstra.ed, that not only **west ward the star of Empire takes its way,” but every star in the musical firmament, particularly the stars of the first tude. The éay is not distant when the opera se in thie city, for magnitude, for grandeur, for remanera- tion, and for excellence in music, will be the mode for the opera houses of the rest of the werld. & Tne Pors anv Tus Rervr.ic or New Gaanapa- —Bis Holiness, Pio Nono, seems destined vever to have a moment’s repose. He is a good man, and his aim is to get on as quietly with his flock, io al¥ parts ef the world, as possible; but the heretics, in one quarter or another, are continually getting him into trouble; indeed, but for the staunch support which he receives from Louis Napoleon, the Holy Father. at one time, was in danger of being super- teded by all sorts of heretical cay bonari, in the very sanctum sanctorwm of Sv. Peter’s itself. « The latest ruptare with the Pope is with the government of New Granada. Within the las: two or three years the Congress of that republic hag passed some pretty stringent laws eoncerning the Church; aud be it understood that from the Rie Grande all the way down to the Straits of Magel- lan, there is but one Church, the Catholic, planted by the early Spanish colonists, and holding from that day to this, from Mexico to Patagonia, exclu~ sive spiritual control ever the people. The bishope of New Granada, regarding the acts of Congress, teuching their Church and their spiritual authority, as high handed fnvasions of thoir rights, protosted against these things very decidedly and courageous- ly. For thoir protestations they have lately been rather forcibly exiled from the republic, and some of them are new in this city. Of eourse, theeo bishops have laid their ease be- fore the Holy Father a; Rome, and he, in an alloom tion, published in the Londen Tablet, comes dowm upon tho President Mosquera and Lope, and the legislative authorities of New Granada, with the heaviest artillery of the Vatican. He declares hia eovereign rights and duties over the Church in New Granada as calling for his interposition, aad de~ mands the full concession of the ancient rights, pro~ rogatives, powers, and spiritual supremecy of the Church, as the only alternative of a compronrise. The act of the Congress of New Granada, declaring mar viago a civil contrast, Ais Holiness pronounces a heresy and a nullity, and says that marriage is one of the seven sacramenta, aud ‘‘ that any other aniom whatever, of man and woman, among Christians, made in virtue of what civil law soever, is but m shameful aad miserable concubinage ” The Pope, therefore, approves the conduct of the exiled bishops, ud consures, and condemns, and declares ‘null and ‘void, all the aforesaid decrece; and may admonish ald those by whose instrumontelity and orders they were put forth, that they seriously sonsidor the pen- alties and censures which havo been constituted by the apostolical constitutions and the sacred canone of councils against those who violate and profane sesred persons and things, and tha ecclesiastical bby and who usurp the rights of this Apostolie °.” Now, this brings the matter between the Pope and the government of New Granada to a direct ise rue. The former will be very apt to stand his ground; and it would not at all be surprising if his allocation were to stir up 2 little revolution of some sort in New Granada. Now, if Arobbishop Haghes were to tuko a trip to Chagres, some hing might be done, at least in the way ot an armistice; other- wise, who cen estimate the probable pernicious in- fluences of the twarms of heretics continually croas- ing the isthmus, to say no‘hing of those located there, or those et geged in the construction of the Panama ratiroed Our venerable Archbishopought © look into the matter.