The New York Herald Newspaper, December 1, 1852, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. ——eeeeeeeeeee JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, OFF’<E N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. MS, cash inadwance, it DAILY HERALD. inro cents per copy $1 per THK WEEKLY RERALD, every Saturday. at 6 ume copy ‘annum; the Buropean Bik per an atom ere Greai Breain, and $$ to any part of the ftiment Doth fo include the; ESPONDI NTARY CORRESPONDENCE containing impor- ited from any quarter of the world; a used, for, OuR Foret CORRESPONDENTS 1 UnerED TO SEAL ALL Letras 88 SENT US. ‘RS by matl for Subseription, or with Adver- Pleements, to be. i it -paid, or the pestage will be deducted from ae rem 2 NO NOTICE taken of anonymous communications. We donot return thone rejected, "JOB PRINTENG executed with neatness, cheapness, and a renewed every day. Wokume KVIT...... 20 scceec teres oreee NOs SSS, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery. Beri Rivcen oF Sr. Wavrs -KR. vent Mscarre—L va Montes. BROADWAY TIEATRE, Brosdway.—Straxcer—Per- waooaT GOVERNMENT. WIBLO'S.—Lirpa pe CHAMounix—Divenrisement. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street.—Vioronise— ‘Tus Toons. ‘AY, THEATRE, Chatham street—Uneix Tom's Qian kien May henxee Oy THE PiTcainne Tavanp. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Liast Mar—— Twarve Lasovss of Mencuces—flien Lire Bevow Brains. WHITE'S THEATRE OF VARIETIES, 17 and 19 Bowe-, ery.—Viot Rine—Loca Monrmz—Ronent MACAIRE— Youre Wiwow. AMERICAN MUSEUM.—Afternoon—Dox Crsan DE ZaN—NuGRO ENTERTAINMENTS, Evening—Love. GHRISTY’S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brondway—Ernsorsan Sera xisy wy Cxnisty's Miner Reis. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Broad- (wag.—Ermorian MinstRes DOUBLE SHEET. Hew York, Wed: esday, December 1, 1852, ESTRIAN ENTERTAINMENTS. Maik for Europe. HE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD—OUR AGENTS IN LONDON AND PARIS. The Cunard steamship Asia, Capt. Lott, will leave this port at noon to-day, for Liverpool. Bubecriptions and advertisements for any edition of | the New Youx Henan will be received at thé following Placer:— a,%| B. Sanford & Co., London. | William Themes & Co, 19 and 21 Catherine street. B. H. Revoil, 17 Rue de la Banque Paris. Livingston, Wells & Co., Paris. | ‘The European mails will clove at half-past ten o'clock | ‘this morning, The Werxry Henarv will be pub- | Msbed st half past nine o'clock. Bingle copies, in wrappers, eixpence. | | The News. ‘The Presidential electors of the different States of the Union assembled at their respective capitals | yesterday, and will to day perform the duties as- signed them. The electors of this State organized by the selection of Zadock Pratt as president, as will be seen by the despatch from our special corres- pondent, who gives quite an interesting sketch of the appearance of the different members. The | ramored death of the Hon. Wm R King, the Vice President elect, is eaid to have produced consider- able excitement among the Pennsylvania electors. Bo faras we have been able to assertain this ramor is wholly unfounded. managed thus far to stave off the trials much adroitness as to begin to warrant the belief that the cases will never in fact be heard. How happens this ¢ r Steller, who was recently arrested for counter- feiting half dollars in Phitadelphia, was yeeterday convicted. The business of the Court of Oyer and Terminer has been unusually end painfully beavy this month ‘There have been four convictions for murder. Wil lism: Johnson was yesterday found guilty of the mrarder of Baxter, the watchman on board the thip Thomas Watson, of which Nicholas Mowlo:t and William Saul had been previously convicted. Thus three separate juries passed upon the crime, and three young men, whose ages range from 18 to 23, have been condemned for the heinous offence of murder. The term of this court ends on Saturday, on whivh day no lees than six human beings will be brought up for rentence of death, namely, Hewlett, Saul.and Johnson, for the murder of Baxter; Doyle, for the murder of his landlady, by cutting her throat with a razor; and Clark and Sullivan for re semtence, Clark for the murder of Gillespie the po- liceman, and Sullivan for the murder of Smith, who interfered between him and his wife in a do- mestic broil. This will, indeed, be a tragic scene, “*a sorry sight,” which, we trast, will never again Tall to our lot to record. From a report in another column, it will be seen that the land reform perty is againrearing its head, and has made a complete organisation with the view of successfully agitating the question of freesoilism. Last evening, at the Stuyvesant Institute, Miss Bacon delivered the preliminary lesson of her course of historical instruction. She contended that history was like a drama, and that no part of it could be understood without the whole. She traces man back to a period when he was only a brute, (perhaps inanimate matter,) from which state he image of God. The Hon. Horace Mann deliverd a lecture yester- day evening at the Brooklyn Institute, on Woman. EBThe annexed is a brisf summary of the contents ofour inside pages:—Letters from Paris, Qaebeo, Jamaica, Mexico, Concord, N. H., and Boston; News from Brazil and Venezuela ; Iateresting from Lake Superior; Operation of the Encumbered Estates Bill in Ireland ; Commercial, Theatrical, Loval, Marine and Naval Intelligence, &c. ‘The Position of Government In the Cres- cent City Difficulty, Desirous of placing the administration rectus in curta in regard to the Crescent City controversy, we have procured, and herein give place to, a state- | ment, from a reliable source at Washington, of the exact position of the government in the premises In this statetient, the facts in the case, and the grounds of justification for the course pursued by the President, are detailed as follows:— In the first place, by act of Congress threo vessels | of the “Law line” are placed under the control of the Navy Department—the Ohio, Georgia and Illi- nois. Thege vessels are each commanded by a lien- | tenant of the navy, and three midshipmen are also appointed to act as officers. The officers detailed on thie service are considered as on active duty, ji 8 much as if they were on board men of-war. They must report to the Navy Department in the same manover ag other officers of the navy on as:ive ser- vice. When the diffigulty arose concerning Saith, the Secretary of the Navy sent for Lieutenant Porter, and asked him why he had transforred himself and his officers from the Georgia, (a vessel under the con- trol of the department, and tofwhich he had been as signed, ) without orders from the department. And he was further informed that whilst he was on the Crescent City, or any other vessel shan we Lreorgid, The Webster obsequies in Boston, yesterday, ure reported te have greatly surpassed anything of the kind ever before witnessed in that city. Nearly every house was draped with the emblemsof moura- ing, the public buildings were closed, and the | streets were so crowded with human being: that it | was almost impossible to effect a passage through them. Large delegations were in attendanes from the various New England and many of the other Btates of the Union. Gen. Pierce, however, was not present, he being unable to accept the invita- tion of tho membersof the New Hampshire Legisla- ture, who attended ina body. The funeral oration of Mr. Hilliard, which ie quite lengthy. wa ro- ceived last night. hnt éhe already crowded state cf our columns obliges us to omit it. The processsion | occupied one hour in passing, and was composed of men from all countries, and of every position in so- clety. By our despatch from Washington we learn that | the democrats were holding a grand festival last evening, but up to ten o'clock taose present had been too busily engaged with the edibles to attend to any speaking, although several of the great guns of the party were reported to have come cocked and primed for the occasion. Messengers, with printed copies of the President’s message, will leave Washington this mornipg, for the purpose of delivering them to the Postmasters | throvghout the country, who, in their turn, will de- liver one copy, immediately after its delivery to | Congress, to each newspaper proprietor. From the | act that the New Orleans messenger does not ex- pect to reach his destination till Tuesday morning, it may be possible that the President does not expect | to submit the message to Congress till that day, although both houses will be prepared for business immediately after assembling. Col. Forney; Clerk of the House of Representa- tives, yesterday reinstated ten of the fourteen index clerks whom be dimissed on the day previous for want of employment Our readers will find in this day’s Henan acata - logue of the headsof the Executive and Judicial departments of the government at Washington, and of the members of the two Houses of tho national assembly of the thirty second Congress, the second and closing session of which meet in | Washington on Monday next. The receipts of gold during the past month, at the United States Mint, in Philadelphia, amouated to $7,260,000, and the coinage to $4,990,543 Now, it will be recollected that the greater portion, if not quite all, this gold originally comes from{California to this port, and is from here transported to our sister city, to the great profit of the New Jersey and Pennsylvania railroads, A single steamer, the Georgia, Jatt Sundsy brought $2,742,499 in dust— being more than one-third of the quantity received, and over one: balf of what was coined, during an en- tire month in Philadelphia. Still, the Pennsylvani- an‘, notwithstanding the apparent fact that the mint is unableto meet the demands upon it, are not willing to acquiesce in the establishment of a branch mint | in this city. Under the present system, the posses- ors of the precious metal are compelled to pay the expense of transportation from and back to this city before they can pocket its actual value; the returned miners, who have no other capital, are frequently swindled by avaricious sharpsrs out of a large por. tion of their hard esrnings before they can procure any ready cash, and those who may wish to proceed to their friends in the Eastern or Western States, are either compelled to go to Philadelphia to have it coined, or else diepose of it to speculators at an | enormous sacrifice. Will Congress stand idle, and permit these returned Californians to be unjustly deprived of the proceeds of their labors, merely for the want ofa mint here in the great commercial emporium of the New World? We shall see, Earthquakes are becoming quite common now-a- | days. Last Saturday night nearly all the people of several small towns in Massachusetts were aroused from their slambers by a shock that lasted for some time. It is said to have wholly eclipsed any | achievement ever performed by the spirit rappers in that region of country. F A colored parson, named Logan, who was indicted on a charge of being concerned in the rescue of the fugitive slave Jerry, surrendered himself at Syra- ouse yesterday. Some how or other, those alleged to have been connected with this affair hay | he was liable to be arrested for being abssat from his duty without leave—a moat serious offence Lieat. Porter replied that he was ordered to the Ores- cent City by Mr. Law; but, at once acknowledging the justice of the Secrotary’s position, he expressed his wish immediately to rectify his error by going back to the Georgia. Being an officer, on active service, not on leave of absence, he had no right to absent him- elf from the vessel, or take command of another, without permission of the Navy department. Lieut Porter, having thus resumed the position to which tho department had originally assigned him, as commander of the Georgia, Passed Midshipman Vavenport, of the Navy, was appointed by the Law company captain of the CrescentCity. Passed Mid- ehiptoan Davenport's position differed from that of Lieut. Porter in this respect: Porter, as before stated, was ordered to the Georgia by the depart- ment, and was on active service. Mr. Davenport, on the contrary, come months ago, had applied for and obtained leave of absence from the departmext, £0 a8 to enable him to enter the merchant sorvive. | He was, therefore, commanding the Crescent City, | | not as an officer of the navy, like Porter, butas a private individual, being on leave of absence. The | department bad no official knowledge as to what he was doing, and he was at liberty to follow what oc- | | cupation he pleased, durirg his leave of absence He was asked to give the Captain of the Port of Ha- | yana a certified copy of Mr. Smith’s affidavit; but he refused to do £0, or permit Mr Smith todo soeither When the government found that Mr. Davenport had taken advantage of hisleave ef absence to as | fume the command of the Crescent City, afcer Porter had withdrawn from it, it was determined to stop | his leave and order him to sea; it not*being deemed | proper that the government should be, as it were, set at defiance by its own officers, and the question | having been narrowed down to Smith's being re- tained or not, a point whish the government eom- eeded the Captain-Goneral had the power tq insist | | upon, in the abeence of orders to the contrary from the Spanish government. An order was accordingly made out, directing Mr Davenport upon his arrival forthwith to report himself on board the Macedonia for duty When the Crescent City reached New York it was found, that in ‘addition to Davenport’s having com- manded that vessel, and refused to allow Smith’s deposition to be delivered to the Cuban au- thorities, he had addeessed a letter ta Drake & Co., stating that Swnith would continues on the veseei, come what might; and this letter was signed, not merely as captain of the vessel, but also “U8 N.” But, as he was not in command of the vessel by virtue of his being a Passed Midship- man in the navy, and as ho was in fact for the in- terim unattached to the navy, and in the enjoy- ment of leave of absence, his signing himself “U. 8.N.” was considered entirely out of place. As for the plea that the letter was not written to the Cuban authoritics, but to Drake & Co., its impor tence can easily be estimated, when it is considered that there wee no other means by which Davenport could communicate with the Cuban authorities. A letter from him directed, for instance, to the Captain General, would not have been received The goverament of the United States cannot open any correspondence or negotiations with the Captain-General of Caba. Cuba is a mere colony of Spain. All our negotiations must be with Spain herself. The government has sent a strong protest against the indignity offered in the exclusion of the maile and passengers of the Crescent City, on the one occasion they were excluded, and it has also remonstrated against the want of good feeling exhibited by the present Captain- General. No answer bas yet been received to this communi- cation, svfficient time not having elapsed. But General Cafiedo, the Captain-Genoral, is regarded s wholly unfit for his position, and there is every reason to believe that the Spanish government will recal] him without delay. The assurance which Don Calderon de la Barca, the Spanish minister, says was given him by the Seoretary of State, that Abx. Smith would not re- turn, it is asserted is a mistake, or rather that the Spanich minister has placed a stronger con- struction on the conversation than the fasts war ranted. He was told, in an unoffivial conversation with the Secretary of the Navy, thet Mr. Roberts, of the Law line, on a visit to Wasbington, had said advanced by degrees till at length he assumed the | he would not sail again as purser until the difficulty was arranged. Of course, the government did not with so | there would be no further difficulty with Smith, as | evil ways. The honest commissioner is con” Anoed that all the victories of the Imperial troops gust be ascribed to the divine interposition “¢ th» god that it could prevent Mr. Smith from going, | Kwan. “Outside barbarians,” such * .¢ we are, will as he is a private individual. As in the case of the codfish difficulty, our gov cessity directly with the supreme government of Spain. The Spanish minister makes no secret of his re- gret at the course pursued by the Cay General, and there is little dowbt7it will met be sanctioned by his government. It has not been in atcordance with that spirit of friemdehip which Spain professes to fvel for the United States. A spirit of megnanimity should prevent our acting rashly towards Spain. Tottering on the verge of dissolution, she excites the pity of a great nation and a powerful people. {t would require no exer- tions on the part of the government of the United States to teke Cuba, were that our policy. Let but our goveroment fold its arms, and in a month twenty thousand volunteers would spring up, and, with a blow, strike from Spain the “‘fairast jewel in her crown.” Fear, therefore, can form no partofthe motive which induces the government of the United States to treat Cuba, and the antics of her Captain- General, with patience, till the parent government is heard from. Such is the defence of the administration in the matter of the Crescent City difficulty. We doubt not it is the best that can be made. It is plausible, but it is puerile. In truth, it is only consistent with the manifest policy of Mr. Fillmore, to cripple, in every way, the great ultimate ohjees of the ac | quisition of Cuba. The publication of the corres- | pondence between Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Saunders, in reference to the purchase of Cuba, was an act of | the same complexion. In fact, it may be doubted whether W. H. Seward himself could have pursued a courge, all the way through, indicating more em- bittered hostility to the acquisition of Cuba than the couree pursued by our present amiable executive from the very beginning. In this particular affair of the Crescent City and Mr. Purser 6mith, the exercise of a little responsi- bility on the one side, or of a little firmness and de- cision of purpose en the other, would have ended the trouble in the outset. If the President had only said, through Mr. Consul Sharkey; such is the law of nations, such are our treaty stipulations with you; the demands of our commercial intercourse ad- mit of no trifling; time is precious; we cannot required, until we oan communicate with the ly in the right. please, but you must admit the ship, with “the individual named William Smith” on board The deck of an American ship is Amoeri- can soil, in any harbor in any quarter of the globe. The authorities of Cuba and of Spain have no juris- diction over Mr. Smith while ‘‘on board,” even in the harbor of Havana. Exclude Mr. Smith from tho we think, have ended the trouble at once. But the administration has truckled to the outrageous ca- prices of a reckless colonial agent, without evi relieving the steamship company of their obligations to themselves, the government, or the country. Now, we shall soon have the solution of this pro- blem. The Cherokee, with Purser Smith on board, bas gone down to Havana. She has beon deprived vmviemy ur sue government mails and the govern- ment protection. General Cafiedo may be foolish enough to imagine that this process places the ship beyond the pale of our Jegit mate commerce. The news will most likely reach him in advance of the vereel If fired into, she will surrender, and await her redemption from captivity by our government. In that event, who can answer for the consequences? And that event may happen Such are ever the re- sults of a forei mullahs Ores Policy, like that of the present The Chinese Revolution—Importance Opening the Chinese Rivers. On another page will we foand extracts from the China Mail and Overland Migister, daied Hong Kong, Sept. 28th. We commend them to the notice of our renders. So little is known of the Chinese rebellion, and so unreliable are the sources of information to which foreigners have access, that when we have said that Tienteh, who claims to be heir of the Mings, asserts his right to the Imperial crown of China, and is at the head of 30,000 to 40,000 in- surgentg in the province of Hi-nan, we shall have exhausted our fund of news, and very possibly said mere than we can strictly verify. It is certain that Tienteh was, a short while ago, at Yung-’ngan, in Kwang-si; that he there encountered the Imperial troops, was severely beaten, and retreated on Tau- chau, in the neighboring province. The Chinese military operations remind us.of the movements of our worthy ancestors, the Dutch, as quaintly chro- nicled in Knickerbocker’s hallowed page. After the battle, the Imperial forces resolved to take a month or two holidays, and seo what the rebals would be after. Tienteh captures Tau-chau, and announces bis intention to march on Sz’-chuea. The Imperial Commander in-Chief, Yu- want-teing, thereupon declares that he does not believe Tienteh or | will do anything of the kind, but that ho will wait and see. Meanwhile, the quarters at Yung-’ngan are too comfortable to be abandoned in # hurry. Of the ultimate result of tho rebellion we are told that but little doubt can be entertained. The rebels will assuredly be crushed. If his Sublime Majesty were to set about it in earnest, peace might be restored in a couple of weeks, at furthest; but aman who can bring half a million of soldiers into the field, can afford himself the laxury of playing with bis enemies until he chooses to put an end to the tport. The last manoeuvre on the Imperial side was the publication in the Peking Gazette, of the last dying speech and confession of tho rebel Tienteh, who, it was asserted, hada been taken and executed Whether the dead man was in truth the real Simon Pure, or whether some new Lucillius voluntarily sacrificed himeelf for the Chinese Brutus, or finally, whether the insurgents have a large supply of Tientehs, and are ready to fill the place of cach one whose head is chopped off by ‘a fresh one, as fair, and dauntless ashe,” we have no means of judging; certain it seoms, however, that the experiment was a failure, and the fame of Tienteh undiminished. The utual events of the war are agreeably diver sified with the occasional strangling of a governor anda few gencrals. It seems that Yu want tsing has incurred the displeasure of his Imperial Majes- ty, in consequence of his want of severity at Saou- chow, aud is about to be punished with death, at the earliest convenisnce of the executioner A special commissioner, T’sow Ming-ho, has been sent to the seat of war, and hag reported on the state of affaira. His report is net exactly the sort of thiog Genoral Jackson, General Scott, or General Tayler, used to send usin the like conjucture, but it is, notwith- standing, a very pretty porformance, weil worthy of perusal and attention. The first act of the commis- sioner was to repair to the temple of the god Kwan, whose ‘‘mujestic energy has been remarkably displayed on behalf of the present dynasty,” and to “burn his prayers’ before him This novel sacrifice was a happy thought, it seoms,+for the commissioner, on’ leaving the temple, stumbled upon “twenty-five old guns,” which were “very strong,” and “shot to death many of the rebels” Mars was a poor creature compared to thie Kwan. He was in the habit, it seems, of ap- pearing to the rebels as “a tall man, mounted on a horee, and brandishing a aword” in the air, with a red light ‘‘for’ard,” ond a huge bannor waving over hia Lead, inseribed with the words “Great Happi- est,” and thus warning them of the danger of their ao afford to suspend that intercouse, on the terms | government at Madrid, when wo are so clear- | Protest as much ag you | shore, if you please; but you must admit the ship, | and we will answer to the Queen. Some such con- vincing suggestions to the Captain-General, after the first oflence against the Crescent City, would, | fancy, perhaps, that his Excellency {gow Ming-ho has wound up his report with ® me practical sug- ernment could enter into no negotiations wita the | gestions for the conduct of the, war. Nothing of the colonial governments of Nova Scotia, &e . but only | kind. ‘Sublunary matters ¢ ynoern him little. But with the supreme government of Great Britain, so in | he rerpectfully submits that it would be right amd the cago of Cubs, all correspondence has been of ne | proper for his Tmperia! af ajesty to “add some werds to the excellent titles of the god Kwan, and the King of Great Bappiness, in acknowledgment of the protection # corded.” To turn froza these follies to more serious matters, Chine is becaming every day more importaxt to us. Our export trade thither has increased sixty per vent in three years. Our imports have increased from five and a helf to seven millions of dollars. The demand for owr uncolored cottons is becowing well worthy of attention. The great drawback | under which we labor is being confined to the trade with the seaport towns. It was, doubtless, a very vigilant proceeding on the partof Commodore Kear- ney and Mr. Cushing to secure the same pri- vileges in the five ports as were granted to tho British; but we cannot help wishing that the Ho-ang-ho, the Yeng-tse-keang, and the Can. ton rivers hed been opened to our vessels. Our intercourre with the Chinese goveroment shows conclusively that the Emperor is by no means averse to foreign commerce; with the exception of the opium trade, he seems decidedly favorable to the admiesion of foreign commodities. At @ time when the great rivers of South America are being opened to our vessela—when wo are about to break down the barriers which oncircle Japan—it might be opportune to inquire what would be the result of an embassy to his Celestial Majesty, requesting permission to navigate the Yang-tse keang. It is obvious that the arguments on which the British government and ourselves based the demand to sail up the Parana, would apply with equal force to the Yang-tse-keang ; and if weare entitled, as we undoubtedly are, to in- sist on being allowed to refit at Nangasaki, it will not seem unreasonable to expect that we shall, at no very distant period, enjoy the right of trading to Nankin, and penetrating to the heart of China. No one has ever ascertained how far the Yang tse- keang is navigable; but we know that line-of-bat- tle ships can sail to Nankin, that the tide is felt four hundred miles from the mouth, and that trad- ing craft ply between Napkin and Hoang choo, in the centre of the empire. It i: more than probable that our steamers would be enabled to trade regu- larly at least as far as the heart of the fertile province of Hou-pe. The country between that | province and the Shanghas district has been very properly called the paradise of China. The most thickly populated districts in England give but a | faint idea of the swarms of human beings it contains. | When we bear in mind that this human hive, though | industrious and skilfal in the arts they have learnt from their ancesters, have no idea whatever of | time and Jabor eaving machinery—that everything is done by hand, and that their tools are generally | of the rudest description—we shall not be charged with exaggeration, when we predict that the open- | ing of the Yang-tse-keang would create a traffic with China, compared to which our present in:er- change of five or six millions would seem to be | utterly insignificant. The very travel on the river, which we should at once monopolize, would be an inexhaustible mine of wealth. The British government declared war on China | because the Emperor, very properly, destroyed a | quantity of contraband opium, which the British | merchants persiated in introducing into the country in spite of tho lews, and to the grevious injury of the public health So flimsy, so unreasonable a pretext, could not delude even British dullness. It was perfectly well understood that the object of the war was to establish the China trade on a per- manent basis, and to get possession of some fort or island where a depot for opium might be estab- lished. The British succeeded, as a matter of course ; they obtained the five ports they asked for, and Hong Kong into the bargain. Were we tonotify the Emperor that we require satisfaction for the cruelties practised on our shipwrecked mariners at Formosa, and that if he do not concede to us forthwith the free navigation of the Yang-tse- keang, together with the island of Tsung-ming at the mouth, we shall send a squadron to bombard Nankin, as the British did, we should act on as | reasonable grounds as they, and could not fail to obtain an cqual measure of success. Trex LaNDLorpisaM AND Enaiisn Remepies — We publish to day a rather interesting article from the London Times, in relation t> the operation of the Irish Encumbered Estates bill--the last ofa long series of measures devised by British statesmanship as remedies for Ireland, @whose condition, as the Times truly observos, has been “for years past the chief difficulty of all | English governments,” and whieh, we predict, will | continue tobe the chief difficulty for many year® tocome. The great organ and exponent of Eng- lish opinion, after enumerating all the ineffectual nostrums that have been administered by legisla- tive quackery, concludes by declaring that the Ea- cumbered Ertates bill is “the last conceivable ex- periment forthe social regeneration of Ircland;” so that if this fails, there is no hope for the patient, | ‘and her diseases must then be regarded as insurable. This, no doubt, will prove very consolatory to the Trich people--they have just got one chance, and they must make the best of it. Ifthe last panacea for their ills is not successful, they are lost forever. What the amount of its efficacy may be, and what the potency of its charm, remains to be seen. To our thinking, the strength of the medicine seoms totally inadequate to the power and deep-seated chronic nature of the complication of diseases with which unhappy Ireland has been so long afflicted. Sho has been bled, blistered, and purged almost to | death, her constitution broken and shattered, and | now it is expected that the application of ths new- | ly discovered tonic will prove as efficacious as a | box of patent pills, curing all manner of disorders | to which flesh is heir, no matter of what standing, or how near the patient may be to death's door. Tho Times saysthat a social revolution has been already effected, by the operation of the pill, in less then three years. From October, 1849, to July, 1852, it appears that 1,299,573 acres of land, sold for £7,215,083, have changed hands, and from this change vast benefit is expected to accruc, because, as is ageerted, the cvil lay in a nominal proprietor. ship and an insecurity of title, wheroas the present proprietors represent actual owners, with real inte- rests and substantial responsibilities. The former owners comprised the following: — Baronets iv 8 1 5 Members of Parliament. 9 Honorabies « 6 Ex-Members do... 8 Kight Honorable 1 And 60 encumbered was the property that the lia- bilities exceeded thirty millions of pounds, though the gross produce, at sixteen yearsaverage purchaso, was but a little more than eeven millions of pounds. The new proprietors are classed as follows :—'There are only 114, representing £1,100,000, who are not Trish ; the great bulk of tho purchasers being natives of Ireland, and bidders for lots of £1,000 value and under. Of the buyers who are not Irish, wo are informed that one was furnished by Calcutta, another by the United States, eight by Scotland, and the | rest by England, chiefly from London and its vi- | cinity. In description they comprise— Persons of title 8 Gentr “ Menuiecturers and Merchants, (including eight firms.) $ | Insurance and Land Companies 6 | Farmers seseee sess sp 20 | Such are the changes as to portons ; and woreadily | admit that some good will follow from the measure ; but, compared with the necessities of the case, it sects but as a drop of the bucket to the ocean. It ] ovly touches but a ema!) portion of the surface, and | docs not go to the heart of the evil. [von ifall the | — new proprictors were the best of landlords, and none of them absentees—if they let their land at s fair value to the tenant, and paid him for all bis im- provements on bis eurrender of his farm, (which is more than ean be expected from haman nature, with & bad exemple all around and the competition of tenants who must starve or have land a} any price,) stitl, what would the benefit of a million of acres, thus managed, amount to, when we take into acoount that the area of the island is nearly twenty- one millions of acres? The restoration of a million of acrea to Irish owners—for which they have paid in herd cash—is but # swall instalment of the debt of justice to s people, the greater portion of whose soil was confiscated and ma’e the lawful prey of Eoglish plunaerers. Sir John Davis remarks that ell Ireland was colonized at ono time among ten ‘persons of the Boglish nation, and for the space of 800 years only two Irishmen were permitted to hold anacre, the king of Thomond, and Roderick O’Con- nor, king of Ooonaught. Lord Clare estimates the forfeitures ia the various periods of confiscation as follows :— No of Acres. Forfeited up to the close of James the First’s reign 2,896 837 7,800,000 1,080,792 Total... csecessseeees - ‘11 607.629 The portion not comprehended in this enumera- tion consisted of the estates of families of English blood. If the wars of England, waged in Ireland, had been carried on against a distant enemy, the inhabitants would bave retained their possessions, under the established lawvof civilized nations, and their country would have been annexed asa pro- vinoe to England; but instead of this, because only & narrew channel ran between, the Isish people were treated worse than if they were wild beasts. In the insurrection of 1641, a London company of adventu- rers propozed to Parliament to put down the rabel- lion, which they estimated would cost a million of pounds, on the condition of getting the whole of the fertile lands, which they calculated at ton millons of acres, to be divided among them in lots, as fol- lows: ’ For cach adventurer of £200, 1,000 acres in Ulster. Do do, 300, do, Connaught. Do. de. £450, do. Munster. Do. do, £600, do, Leinster. The English parliament acquiesced in the propos- al, only changing ‘‘ ten millions of acres” inte many millions. Carte, in hishistory,states that Lord An- trim’s estate, consisting of 107,671 acres of improved land, was allotted to Sir John Clotworthy, after- wards Lord Massareene, and a few other adventurers and goldiere, in consideration of a demand for expen- ses against the government amounting to only £7,000 eterling. Suoh men and their descendants became the owners of the soil, and the native inhabitants had not aright to asingle foot This state of things, together with the drain of the rents of absentee land lords, epent in England, amounting to one-third of the whole rental; also, an annual taxation of about seven millions of pounds; and, finally, the destruction, by law, of the trade, and commerce, and manufac- tures of the country, constitute such a mass of ac- cumulated evil that the Encumbered Estates bill only weighs as the dust in the balance against it. The picture given by Dean Swift, more than a hundred years ago, is as true now as it was then. In his “Short View of the State of Ireland,” he Bays :— A stranger would be cr to think himeelf travel- ling in Lapland or Iceland, rather than in a country £0 favored by nature as ours, both in fruitfulness of coil ard temperature of climate. The miserable drers and diet, and dwellings of the people, the gen- eral destitution in most etn of the kingdom, the old seats of the gentry and nobility all in ruins, and no new ones in their stead; the families of farm. ers who pay rents, living in filth and nastiness, upon buttermilk and potatees, without a shoe or stocking to their feet, ora house so con- venient as an a eo orn to receive them; these, indeed, may be comfortable sightsto an Eng- lish spectator, who comes for a short time only to learn the language, and returns back to his own corey? whither he finds all our wealth transmit- “Nostra miseria magnus es.” The rise of our rents is equeezed out of the very blood and vitals and clothes and dwellings of the tenants, who live worse than English beg, The lowness of interest, in all other countries wealth, is in ours a proof of eee ther i trade to employ any borrower. Hence alone comes the dearness of land, since the savers have no other way to lay out their money. Hence the dearness of the necessaries of life, because the tenants cannot afford to pay such extravagant rates for land, ( they must take or go a begging,) without raising the price of cattle, and of corn, although they should live upon cha! The whole population is thrown upon the land for support in consequence of British legislation; anda competition is thus produced which’enables the land- lord to exact any amount of rent. When, by the prevalence of the doctrines of Swift and other patri- ote, and by a native militia of one hundred thousand fighting men, raised to repel a threatened French ‘Unrars TazaTuenr or Awrntcan MERC awrs BY Tas Mexican AUTHORITIES.—TIt will’ bein the re- collection ef our readers, that we published, about portant intelligence from Mexioo, and that we par- ticularly directed attention to the injustice done te Mr. Spoyers, an American merchant, by the author- ities of the country The facts are During a revolution in Metamoras, the Governor, Aval for a political motive, and throagh the necessity of raising funds, repealed the high pro- hibitive tariff which existed, and permitted the importation of merchandise at a scale of greatly reduced prices. Mr. Speyers, under this Avalog tariff, imported a large quantity of goods, on which he paid all the existing duties and fees; but sub- sequently, on his sending these govds into the interior, they were seized by government officers at Monterey, and more than 1500 bales have been confiscated as contraband We are in possession of further intelligence from Mexico, on this and other subjects, which, as published in another portion of our columns, will be found highly interesting. The information therein contained consists of extracts from private letters to a gentleman in this city. It appears from this thatthe Bri- tish minister in Mexico exercises a pi ing influence over the government and procures facilities for the iotro?uction of Eaglish goods into the country, while he takes every means of prohibiting the entry of American merchandise, and of prejudicing our trade. It also appears that Mr. Speyers has advanced no further in his prospests of obtaining justice from the government, or the restoration of his goods; and it is said that if the merican minister had supported his claim in a oper and determined manner he would long since Tare obtained redress. We do not know how this fact may be, but this we know that it is absolutely incumbent on our government to take for the rotection of our commerce in Mexico, and prevent. the robbery of our merchants, end finally the totad abandonment of their trade with that country. Anniversary of the St. Andreq’s Society, FESTIVAL AT THE IRVING HOUSE. ‘The members of the Saint Andrew's Society, and a large number of the Scotch residents of New York, cele-~ brated the anniversery of their country’s Patron Saint, by ® grand banquet last evening, at the Irving House. The dinner. as all dipners givem at-that e: was excellent, (comprising the natioual dish of ‘The wine, as far as it went, was good; but the whiskey punch was the great treat of the evening, and brewed in @ style chat woald have satish: jobby Burns himself, ‘The usual after dinner t: were drunk with no lack of applause, and were re«ponded to in the ordinary stereo. typed ttyle The company, however, were more heppy ip inging sovgs than in making speeches. and while we skip over the latier as not worthy of publication, we ik the following origins! composition, sung during the. ing, as deserving of more favor :— THE RIGHTS OF WOMAN. Air—“ A man’s @ man for a’ that.” Though man “ creation’s lord” we call, Kiog—President—and a’ that. By woman's rights his power shall fall, ‘His pride of place. and a’ that; For a’ that, and a’ that, invasion, the legislative independence of Ireland was extorted, in 1782, the oppression of the system of landlordism was not felt to the same extent for the eighteen years that the lusid interval in the dark history ot that unfortunate ceuntry lasted, because her trade and commerce were developed, and manu- factures sprung up and prospered under native legis- lation and national spirit, until, as the representative of the British government in Dublin Castle declared, the country had grown {oo great to be governed, if any longer left independent and free. Bat when the Irish volunteers were disbanded by fraud, and this prosperity was struck down at one blow by the anni- hilation of the Irish Parliament, then the monster evil of the land-monopoly was exhibited again in all its horrors, while the whole population were thrown upon the soil for support. No tinkering or patch- ing will, therefore, get ridof the difficulty. There is but one way of doing it—and it is strange that this neyer occurred to the 'imes—and that is the restoration of the legislative independence of Ire- land, with univereal suffrage. This is surely “a conceivable experiment,” and one which, as long as it was tried before, was found to be most suc- cessful. Let it be tried again. Should that day ever arzive, from such a combination of circum stances ag brought it about before, the law of pri- mogeniture would be speedily repealed; and this is the only measure that can break up the system of Irish landJordism, and distribute the soil among small proprictors. Other ancillary measures would of course, be adopted—such asa tenant right bill, protecting the cultivator of the soil in his improve- ments, and in his tenure, as long as ho paid a fair rent for the land, and not the present exorbitant exactions of a luxurious idle aristocracy, who live in regal splendor upon the unrequited toil of their half starved serfs. Till then, law after law may be adopted by Britizh legislation, but ot best they will only prove mere palliatives, and not cures; and “the chief difficulty of all British governments” will remain handed down from cabinet to cabinot, asa legacy of the injustice and cruelty of other times. Fare Repuced TO PrinapsLPara —It will, no doubt, be gratifying to a great portion of the tra- velling public to Jearn that they can now be con- veyed from New York to Philadelphia, for tho re- duced and comparatively low price of two dollars, which is a somowhat nesrer opproach to the stand- ard charges of other routes to various sections of tho country. The exorbitant charges for passage between Philadelphia and New York has long been a subject of complaint by those who have beencall- ¢d to make frequent visits from one city to the other, and has unquestionably kept backa groat deal of travel, and grevented the increase of intercou:se be- tween the two places The cheap route will be by | steamboat to South Amboy, thenee by railroad to Bordentown, and from the latter place by steam- boat again to Philadelphia. f “Rank Prence’s Coat or Arms —Tho Boston Peter gh tier eh the committee having in charge the buildieg of carriage for Gen Pieroe, wrote to him to accertein what was his family coat of arma, probably with a view of painting it on the panels of the coach The President Rect replied that the only coat of arms which be knew bis family ever possessed, was that of hie father's phirt fleeves. in which he fought the battle of Hupvker Hil), There je nothing irieh in that, For woman's rights and a’ that, The rex though weak, can sharply speak,. A tongue’s a tongue for a that. Men long have wanton'd at their will, In Copgress— camp. snd a’ that, But when their posts brave women fill, A cure Will come for a’ that. For ae’ that. and a’ that, King Solomon foreraw that, And in his book, whce’er will look, ‘Will find 8 note of a’ that, Men have too long usurped the sway, Ta’en lion’s ee and a’ that, ‘There's not a goose in Syrac But tells the gandors a’ that, For a’ that. and a’ that “ Strong mental light.” and a’ that Shall pilot women on her way, To wondrous spheres, and a’ that O, what a world will open when Fair ladies vote and a’ that, And female Generals lead their men ‘Through showers of shot. and a’ that; ‘Their minds co high. while bullets fly, No thoughts cf home, or a’ that, ‘Where husband wild, rocks screaming ebiléi, Sweeps up the hearth, and a’ that. Or when in hospitals they clip, Nerves, sinews. veins and a’ that, Invade the pulpit—guide the ship, Preach doctrine—law—and @’ that. For a’ that. and a? that, * High destiny.”’ aud a’ that, In which poor man. since time began, Has toiled and moil’d, and a’ that. O, could they change for one short year, And take a spell at a’ that, No more of “lofty types” we'd hear, Of * worlds use,”? and a’ that, For a’ that \d 4? that, Fond sighs for home, and a’ that, Where ne'er ogain rhould rise tlie strain, Of women’s rights, and a that. ‘The bloomer guise. in exile laid, ‘The parts—the kilts and a’ that, To be in after years survay’d, As moonstruck mad and a’ that, For ) that. and a’ that, ‘The monster bat. and a’ that. Might stitl deverve. a use to In marque or farce, and a’ that. But women’s rights, and rappi tes, ¥ox—Davis—Fish—and a or i E’en wathing darkies into whites, Has had its day. and a’ that, The cry 1s s'iil for something new, More wild and strange, than a’ that, And soon—be sure—'twill meet the view, New York's the piace for a? that, THE LASsES. RY MRS. BALMANNO, Air—“ Green Grow the Rushes, 0 ‘There's some sweet charm to every land, O’er which the sunbeam passes, By Angels brought at Heaven's To deck its bonny lasses, 0. Blost bo the lasees, 0, Fair bloom the lasses, 0, For man’s — to soul and sight, ‘The bright and bonnie lasses, 0. ‘The waid of Spain, whose stately air Her beauty’s power enhancer, 0; ks) Ler hs rance, Foti debonn aire, y sprightly grace entrances, 0. Blest be the lasses, 0. Italian eyes flash love's own fire, ‘And Grecian orbs its eplendor, 0; y \d feels th’ electric wire, And give: winkle tender, 0. Blest be the lasses, 0. a blue retoer tn, softly beam, ike mi ight o’er the waters, 0, ‘And beautiful as pot’s dream,” America’s fair daughters, 0. Blest be the lasees, 0. ‘The English Rose, all bloom and smiles, ‘To home gives Heaven’s attraction, 0, Sweet Nora Creina’s artless wiles Drive mortals to distraction, 0. Blest be the lasses, 0, But charms divine. howe’er display’d, No true born Scot e’er classes 0, With thore tha: grace the mountain maid, Jlis own loved Highland lassie, 0. Blest be the lasres, 0. Beotland’s bonnie lasses, 0, ‘The mountain maid in snood and plaid, Dear Scotland’s bonnie lasses, 0. ‘The company reparated at @ late hour, after singing: Burn’s bacchsnalian song— “ We are na fou. We're nae that fou, But just a drappie in our ee ” And thus the celebration of the Saint Andrew's anniver- sary in this city concluded, and the convives toddled home to their several domicies, Personal {ntelligence. Arrivals at the Metropolitan—Sir Charles and Lad: £yell, London ; Dr. Cowman, Avnapolis, Md.; E. Pickerall, Georgetown, D.C ; Thomas D Day, 8t. Louis; 4, Wi field Georgia; John M. Coleman, Philadelphia ; Jame Perris Montreal; JA Farnsworth, Vermont; 8’ L Ha- Yon. Colifornin ; 8. W. Sperry, Ogdensburg ; W. D. Chef. fee, Rhode Inland ; D. F Nicce, New Jersey; E. P. King, Montreal; E Lowber, New Orleans; 0, Durand, Conn ; Tilly Haynes, Springfield. At the Howard—iton W Phelps. Springtold; 8, Marsh, Chicago ; B. Bullock, Philadelphia; F. 8, Root, Sara toga ; F. I. Henshaw, Boston ; 8. Lyman, Mobile ; Dr. Mason, Charleston ; 1 Bell. Virginia, At the Irving House—Eir Allen MoNab, Canada ; F, MoMellen, Colonel W. 18, Whitehead, Va.; Hon. Judd, Syracuse; Hon. W. Ives, Pa; Gen. B, A. Gonn ; G, H, Stewart, U8 A.; A. N. Smith, U. 8.N.; Hom J. Hal, Canada ; W. D. Hall, Montreal; Hoa, J: Cameron, England. At the Anter—Col Morgan, Col. Wells, Aurora ; Geo. Werdner, Col. Faicbanks, Vermont ; T.' J. MeKeni Charleston; G, Gage, Mobile; F.M. Wilson. Look Capt. Proal, Ky.; A. Reynolds, Buffalo; Rt. Rev, Doane, New Jersey ; J. Washburne, Maine. At the American—W. Gardner. Wardwell, Conn. ; Geo Taft, New Orleans ; H M. 8 a ; W. H. Dance, Ohio; J Thomas, D 8. Porter, Bos Aniivals at Washington—SenatozsSMossrs, Clomens, of Alabama, Rusk of Texas. Chase of Ohio, and Dodge of Towa, Iepresentatives~Mesers, Freemen of Misaia- fippi Wall of Miseouri, Taylor of Obto, and Lockhart of indiana Mr. Lemmon and family. to whom belorged the slaves lately set free in this city, have arrived ia Richmond, ‘irgini 9, command, Hon. 8 0. 333 Broadway, corner of Anthony Street GEORGE FP, Ft acd U.8..N. feabivnatls anes Make r of porfoot fitting te, pantaloons, and ey: conceivable req in the doparto 2 ing. Authrreft sof the Philosophy of Moderm Dress and Fashion. and sole maratsot of the designed in many Va~ tion, oF ro 19 to be worn in forwarded by om collection om on lowent onwh termi maar lotter giving the heigl tion of the eusto jog, which can ay 27 Cortlandt street, where purchased at ‘No eatablishment,, Sn cof areas can be tho lo west prices, nd at hit overy article