The New York Herald Newspaper, November 30, 1852, Page 6

OLD LULLION AND T4s PUBLIC LANDS. (aterestiag Between Senator Dedge and Col, Benton. ‘The Twenty-Two *illions of Land Scrip. WORK FOR CONGRESS. [From the St. Louis Democrat, November 20 } The public attention is earnestly invoked to the correspondence this day published betwoen Sonator Angustus Dodge, ofl wa, and the Re} ta" elect from this congressonal —— welfare of all the new Stat of Congress— the integrity of the old St and the salvation of the uew ones. Never bofore was such a gigantic ach» me of corruption displayed in our cowatry. Near siary millions of acres to as plunder to the looby m«im>ers—the legislative brokers and jobbers—who infest and pollute the capitals of the old S:a « and of Congress—and a pam eeg ton bribe to b» given to the new States to —_ them submit to be plundered by jobdersin the | old ougs. THE CORKESPONDENCE TUE HON ME DODGE TO COL. BENTON i Buruineton, Iowa, Nov 11, 1852 | Cou. Brenton: Draw Six:—The deep interess you have ever manifested in favor of » I:berat and just disposition of the public domain. and your well known famili- arity with the history progress and present condi- tion of our land system, will. | trust, be a safficient apolegy fer obtruding this letter upon you, and for oe opinion of soe meri'y of a particular Land Bill now attractiiyg attention all over the country. I mean House Bili No. 350, which ascom- panies this letter, and wich is jamiliarly known every where as “ Benuest’s ” It passed the House of Representatives as the last s:ssion, but Gid pot reocive fina! activn in the Sonate. It was forced through the House under the operatioa of the previous question, and without giving thove op posed to it an opportunity to say a word in relation toit. It was warmly pressed apon the Senate, at the last moments of the session—its friends showing an evident desire to pass it througo that body, as they bad through the House, withou: discussion Tmay be wrong in my estimate of the injurious juences which will resuit to the wholejoouatry, but more ezpecially to new States, from tue peas of this measure; and if in error, [ ksow of none by whom I am so likely to be setiight as by oareell, : I beg to call your attention to an original letter from the Commis ioner of the General Land Offixe touching this bill, and besriog dsto the 24ch of Au- gust Jest, which 1 herewith transmit. From this detter it will be seen that the Bennett bill proposes to issue scrip to the amount of fifty-eight mil- Views three hundred thousand a:res, and that, including the warrants issued and to be issued for military services, there will be thrown on tha market, if this measure pass, tho envurmous amount of ore hundred aad eight millions (10: 510,540) of acres of landserip Among other evil results which 1 anticipate trem this measure is, it will enable sp-culacers to buy up ail the desirable lands in tue new States, as they wore with bavk psper im 1835-6, when General Jackson issued his celebrated specie circular, and saved the public demain from the grasp of the monopolista, who were entering it by whole towa- ships and counties, to sell to une bona fide settlers, at $3, $5, and $10 an acre. In Wisconsin, Lord Murray (am English lord) entered at the time men- tioned, a8 did many other spscuiators and capital- | ists, large bodies of land. the effeo: of whish has beom greatly to retard the cettlement of the western portion of tpat young Stuie. Few things, in my judgment, are 80 much to be deprecated as a monopely of the soil ot a country in the hands of who do not possess it for purposes of cultiva- but that they =, ring the jast dollar from ii is for the support of them- fre Looking to the consequences which enured to the States from the ereene of forty millions of surples revenue, made with them in 1836 by the Federal | gevoroment, I canno; think otherwise than that the distribution among the States of paper money, land scrip, er whatever it may be called: will serve further to stimula e the already excited ‘veliug | for lecal works of intermal improvement, and resuit | in lasting injury to the country. | Like the o:d distrikution vill, this one seeks to bribe its way through Congress, by douceur! the mow States. it maxes the grant ir alump, saying nethivg of the road or reads upon which is is to be —thus laying the foundation of a home soramble and fight, which will probably end ia ayenndering and frittoring awey the land between eoutending Jocalities in our Svate:, without effsot- ing any useful or great objet I acknowledge that I may be prejudiced against the bill upon which i aor gree your views, because it is the work of our encmies—men entertaining the same hos- tility against the Western States and people, as those against whom you contended for pre-emp- tion rights, graduation bile, &o , in the early sav tiement of ihe western oountry. Its authors are the deadly enemies of the alternate ecotion railroad grante, which passed tho Senate for the benefit of those States in which the puoiic lands are situates; and étill more hostile to tbe bomestend vill, grant- img 160 aores of land to every head of a family who may go into the wilderness, reside upon and calti- vate kis quarter section for five consesative years— a mea which I humbly thiok far transoends and surpasses all others in the benefits which it would confer, no: only on the public land Sates, but on the entire Union Ths pillagers of the Treasury and public lands, ‘whose operations at Wasbisgton you so appropriate. ly deeoribed in a recent speech at Jackson, have ady sent their emissuries into lowa, in the por- sons of unprincipled New York bankrupt contras- tors, who are seeking to influcnce§ihe people a Legisiature in favor of the so-called Bennett 5 individual who im- nal Tmprove- ment, P’ tanding, but who has failed to mcet his every cogagement, thus greatly retaiding a noble work of iuterus! improve- ment in our State—was heard often to sy, during the last seseion of Congress, that he would be able to meet his covtract for the improvement of the Dea Moines, providing always iat the Sixty Mil- lion bili (Bennett's) passed. That man, Anson Bangr, now in lowa for ihe purpose of workivg, or rather lobbying (hrough the Legis!a‘ure his schemes of plunder, openly bossts that be drew the bofure mentioned Bennett bill I mentio’ Dot to pre- judice you against the mousure, but ae item in the history of Congressions! legislation. With higa eonsiderations of respect and esteom, your friend, A © Dopas Tho following is the letter of tho Commissioner of the General Land Office, referred to by Mr Dodge :— Geevnar Laxp Orrice, August 24 1852 Sim—In anewer to your inquiries. have the honor to state, feces That the serip prepored to be issued by } BUL No 390, will embreee adout |....... 68,300,000 The outetending warrants for military services include. it ir estimate: « 44819 540 Those yet to be iesued, it is estimated. will ab- BORD BDOUL se. veeveererree es seeeees £490,000 Making @ total of...... 107.510 540 ‘The averege amount of lend diepoeed of for the Jest ten years, is about 4,141,000 acres per avaum ; consequently, at that raie it would take about twenty-six years to absorb the whole amouut of sorip above mentioned It is difficult to form an opinion as to the extentof the depreciation of these warrants, if the minimum is not fixed by law, having reference to the experi- ence of the part on thie subject; for the reason that the act authorizing the ieue of those for services in the Mexican war, gave the opticu to the claimants to receive trea:ury scrip bearing six per cont. inter- ert, at the rate of 625 cents per acre, and they could not of courte fall below that rate; and when the mars of thore authorized by the act of 182 were iseued, there was but littio demand for them, as they could not be assigned till the patonts were feud’ The supply, it is man'feet, would far outsiri demand, if the scrip be put into circulation at or within rief period ; and ag tue laud would become taxable as soon as it was located with the scrip, the value of that sorip would be proportiona- ably reduced. Moreover, if retained as an investment, the szrip would be dead etock, as it bears no interest, aud fairly chargeable with @ redas- including taxation, of about of course, absorb the f vhis bill paseca, 1 wonld nos Price of the curip fell to fifty, or Uta per sere With great respeot, Your ob’t Joux Wiweon, Acting Com’r. Hon. A OC. Doper, Senate REPLY OF COLONRL Sr. Lot To raz Hox Avovsten 0 De Dear Bir—The reading o EXTON ¢ and the "and Office, statement from the oneal e, bring forcibly to my mind the recollection of what I was acoustomed to hinc wire men, (suca as Mr. Macon.) way whon I first went to Ooogrens—* pable lands were & curse to aby gover ut, always giv: ing rise to schemes of corrupt legiviation, aud be coming the prey of epvculators.”” This wae said in view of the Fepicissive corruption, speculatiag, aud Jobbing, (such as the Yazoo fraud, fur example,) to which the ownership of euch property geve riso in Db pors wrod it Asie we Byles OL Matai Eyre nn 1" Wh | distribution of lands or mon if such, succes d as are now in . Nearly an lalors by tho soldiers’ 1and warrants; before that is more than half devoured, the same fell spirit de- mands another huge feast, in the bill which you bring before me; and, if successful im that, they wil) take the whole at che next swallow. Fitty-2ix millions of acres, equal to seventy-two millions of | dollars, are to be thrown into the old States, which, added te the (near) fifty millions yet remat ing of | the soldier's warrants, wilh amouat to one hundiod avd seven millions of dollars; all to be in the hands | of speculators! and constituting them, (sc:ording to the computation of the genera! land office) mono- polizers of the land sales tor twenty-six Ri Ib is the duty of every upright man io tho United Statea to oppose this enormous iniquity, and the duty of every new State to remonstrate against it; 9 | and you have rendered a great service to the country by bringing the subject before it. The public will be taken by surprise by your totter, the manner in which the biil was passed through the House of Ke tives under the gag of the previous question oe stifled ali dis- Cussion, and concealed all view of it from the mass 0: the peopie, It was a flagrant abuse of the pre- Vicus question to apply itin that way, and its appii- cation and success implies an understanding outside of the House to furce the bill through without giving the country a charce to know it, or its iniqui- tics to be exposed. The previous question was only invented to put an end to interminable and useless debate; here it was applied to prevent ali debate, and tbat upon a measure of the greatest possible consequence, aud evidvatly upon concert, and to save 1 from the exposure which boncsty and patri- otism would have given it. To seduce the new States into this fatal measure, they are offered a pitcauce to themeelves, and on the most uvequal terms. For example: your owa Sate. which hus already, perhaps, received larger federal grants than any other Stute, is to get three smiiions of acres, wichout deductioa of the amount 800 bas received ; other new States are to receive the same, subject to a deduction. This is cloarly an attempt to seduce lows, aud detach her from the other new States to whose system she belongs. Lais favor to the new States—this slice to themsalves off of themselves before they are swallowed up by the old Siaies—is on the principle of the favor waich was grapted to the man on whom the lot feil t> be killed and eaten in the starving ship at soa; and who was allowed to eat a slice off of himself betore his body wascut up among his companions. I: is an insulting cheat to the ne# States! deprivicg them of their five per centum on the sale of the lands if sold by the United States, and whish would amonnt to near four millions of dollars—sinking their railroad grants down to the minimum ef the land scrip, (say 25 toe50 vents ) aud sondiag thoir citizens to speculators for twenty-six years, to buy land, instead of buying from the federal goycra- ment, and paying these speculators, rome years hence five or ten doliars an_aocre, after they had | monopolized the scrip at 25 or 50 cents The dist ion to the old States is made upon the basis of 150,000 acres to the constituency of each momber, which, if fairly divided, would only come to two aore: jiece. Bat it will not be fairly di- vided. It isto be made into assignable scrip, and in that form will benothing but so much * pabulum to the stock-jubbiog herd” Speculators will mo- nopolize it, getting laws passed in the Sta:e Logis- latures to suit themselves, then combining to sink | the price till all is bought up, then combining to raise it ten or twenty fold to the cultivators Dreadful wou'd be the scenes of corruption to which it would give rise in the State Legislatures, aud of which the oli Yazoo fraud was but a faint example. Surely, if this scheme goes on, there ought to be a limitation on the assignability clause—a limitation which would prevent any member of Congress, or of a State Legislature, or any of their relations within the levitical degrees of prohibited inarriages, from eee assignees of any scrip on which they had voted. This would help to guard, in aligh: de- gree, the purity of legislation. You have well and forcibly touched many of the ipiquities of this scheme. would require weeks of fearless debate in Con- ar Your letter, and the statement from the | general lend office, ought to be universally repub- dished. can add bus little te them in this brief | letter of reply. I consider 1t a clear breach of the compacts with | the new States, thus to make speculators the sule teliers of the public Jands for twenty-six years--I might say forever; fer if this amount of pabulum goes to the jobbers, they will avon have the remainder. Armed with the additional power which tuis piua- der would give them, they would qaickly take the remeinder. KM is ouly the fi pb in any cri or enormity which costs t difficulty. That first step taken, the rost follews, of course. Tue (vear) one hundred millions of acres of soldiers’, or ratber speculators’, warrante, is the incentive, aud the motive power tothis newscheme Ifitis success ful, it becomes the incentive aud the motive powertor the surrender of all the rest of the public lands to mil- Already theee epecu- jiousry Wall street jobbers. Jators sre nearly masters of Congress legislation in relation to the pub ic Jands, and des their owo ecbemes of plunder, and besides allying themaelvos with every other scheme of plunder, plaice their veto upou every land bill for the benetit of the people or the States—upon railroad bills, homestead, and all. Every part of this scheme is iniquitous, and its Cotails, with respect to the old Si seom to be tounded in a wtai ignorance of vheir hisvory in re- lation to the public lands, or a total ‘agard of justice among them. hus New York and Peansyl vunia, which gave no lands to the federal govern- ment, receive three or four times as much as Vir- ginia aud the other Southera S.ates, which were the real aonors; Massachusetts and Maine, which ksps their public lands and sold thom ior their own benefit, share equally with those who gave; ard Connecticut, which bad a reserve of two millions of acres in the State of Oulo, is sub- jected to no pars of that dedustion whic imposed on all the ew States exept Lowa, Theee are imiquities which just legislatioa would svoid, but which plunder Jegislatioa embraces as a means of creating un interest strong enough to carry the measure through — Certuiuly if Congress is go- ing to abdicate 18 ‘trast’ over the puodlic lands, give them away, there are two elasses of States which are entitled to preference in the donatioa— first, Virginia and the o-her Southern States which gave the Jands; and secondly the new Stites whose jabor and improvements have given them valus, Bu: there is nothing which can justify Coagroas this abdication of ita ‘*trust”’—in this corrup would introduce into Congress andthe State | tures—in this emission of seventy-t¥o mill peper money rerip to pamper speculation, and sub- ject the cultivator to Wall street ¢: ybin I was in Congrecs I op other in the form of soldiers’ bounties, or s revonue, or the land money iteelf afver the sales. My plan was to tuke all the disposable moans to pay off the public debt, sid reduce the expenditures to the mi Lowes] amount, abolishiog duties on articles not made at home, nor coming in competition with our industry; and leaving as tiuch mioney as possib'e in the pockets of the people, as the safest and cheap- eat of all treasuries, aud whence the governmcn:, when vecding it, could obtaia all the necessary sup- ply in the form of joans and texes. This was my jlanthen, andis vow. And with rospest to the publis lands, the danger of their being squandered, end the beet means of disposing of them, { gave my opinion in a speech to my cons ituents a few wouks ego, and of which I enclose an extract. fhe Romars, in the better days of the ropablic, encoureged their young men to the attack of great abuser and great criminals, and by that moans lore preserved the purity of the government. If a ticne of what we hear of legislative corruption in our Congress, (and of the conduct of sgea's aud job- bers.) be true, there is crying neod tor our young men to imitate the condact of the young Romans in the earlier ages of the republic, and to entitle themselves to the gratitude of their voustry in srrestirg abuses, exposing criminels, and parity ing the capitol from the banaitti which beseige it Thenking you for what you have said ia your let- ter, and for your cflorts in the Senate, oeesfal, with the aid of other well deserving Senators, in arresting this monstrous bill thore, #fcer it had boen gagged through the House of Representatives, I re main, dear sir, Your obliged fellow citizca, Thomas H Benton ‘The following is the extract from the speech ro- ed tor— t che mort immediate subject which presses upon jon of the new States, 1s the astan\ condition of owed to come to the baude of the oullira! State. Abore fife 44 public lands ¢ they are ll and to che taxetion of federal government has sicrippl, ond neer fifty years it bas held thom river, ord in many States the fourch, or the federal onde remain yet undiepored of; ax saxds of cilizeas remela without lands in unenjoye) and boarded ruperfiaity, Ti se injory both to the new S aces and t ment avd sclear breach of the coudition 60 government was allowed to bold lads feve of taxation ia those Dtates. was allowed to hold thom for eale. and not for perpetanl dominion They were beld to bo die pored of amd of course in a reasousble tiao tovable time bes elepsed, and the lands ave be Pry or epesciatore in soldiers’ warrants, ooean | tteamers, poli eohemes of dis'iivucie grees legislation; and no aymptou be Inver or justice to the farmers who would or che Staios in whore Jimits they Le, sctuak settiors; no reduction of prices according to q Hity; Lo iiberat grants for interasl improvements; 9 Vanit fixed. or even thought of, whem this upoutural do. minion, injurious to both sides. Is to osare and devermiue The extinotion of the federal title to all the Jauds in sf fs wae La 9 sod all the autho dian 4 nt + ge lew aw ok ay oS To explore them all | nds. and the slow and bard terms on whic to the Fifthiy—An absolute cosrion of all the isads undispored of in each State om the firet day of ceived through the regular operations of commerce in ‘the export of domestic aad the import ok ony canes - tions, and the duties paid upon them by the 9 con. rumer, This is an economy which statesmem understand end which the history of our fiuauces annually ill trates. Thus. the eaies of the public lands are about two millions per annum; the revenue derived from custom houre duties is fifty millions per aunun. Now, thie revenue is derived from im) which are purchased withfjexports, chiefly projuct of the earth which cultivation brings forth. I speak of the whole Union; and it gives twenty-five times as much revenue from the annual cultivation of the lands aa from the annual sales. How much of this tony be set down io the cultivation im the new States is not very material to know—jerhaps the one half; and upon that hypotheris the federal treasury is deriving tra times a« muck annually from the cultivation of the sew | btetes as from the sales ot the lamds within them; and. | therefore bas the deepest interest in imoreasing the | amount of this cultivation To effest this, the obvious way is to pasa the public lands rapidiy into the baeds of the cuitivators—cbeaply to the general purchaser, and gratuitously to the laboring man, whow small means would find ample employment om a small refuse tract of one buvdred and sxty aores. General Jackson, in one of his latter messages, pro- elximed the principle that, after the extinotion of the revclutionury debt, to the payment of which they wera | pledged. the publ'c lands should no lopger be used as a source of revenue. That deb; was paid off im the year 1835, being the second year of the se- coud term of his glorious administration; and his wi’ and patriotic recommendation should have taken effeot reventcen years ago Why has 4% not done so? want of unity of wiil and concert of action among Wes- tern mep—for want of a Wes'ern spirit im Congre's, which would give the We-t a lead at the head of her own interests, instead of a subaltern position at the tail of Atlantic projects Sovenicen years have passed by since the public lands ought to have ceased to be a source of revenue--how many more are to elapse before that ans- picious event takes piace? The new States have in- creseed iu numbrr, and the late census has given them an augmented population "snd increased representation. ‘They are now nearly half the States of the Union and more than @ third of the nsetional reprerentation, They sre strong enough to command justice, and have only to s'and together upon a principle of right~-upon the pria- pie of Jackeon’s recommendation--im order to obtain ihe great justice of the extinetioa of the federal titie to all the lands within their bounds by the year 1860. Our Wass ingt Correspondence. Wasutneton, Nov. 27, 1852. The Banking System in Washington. Banks and banking in this vity have lately crested such an interest, if we may judge from the frequent allusions made to them, in all directions, that a plain statement of the facts will not be out of place. Within the last six months there have been ‘‘es- tablished” here something like thirty ‘banks.” The greater number of these concerns are owned either in New York city or Virginia. They issue small notes of from one dollar up, and are redeem- able, not in gold orsilver, bu’ ia Virginia notes, | when presented in sums of five dollars. Virginia | % money ia, at a discount here of about one-half per cent. The system of issuing these indivi- dual promises to pay, redeemable in depreciated Yor | currency, was frat commenced by Latham, now | Selden, Withers & Co, somo The issue of one dollar notes is in direct violation of law; but, nevertheless, so profitable is it found to be that the fine for such illegal issue is cheerfully paid whenever it isimposed Selden, Withers & Uo. offer no security to the public for the payment of their notes than what may be found in their personal promite to pay. [hey never make an exposé of their business, and the only limit to their irvsues is their own inclination, or the facility with years ago. | 26L 398 1 90l 1.059 13 | ¢f victory. Mojority for a Sans | ies against poy!n y 7 Official returns received at the office of the eae tees 2S | of State for Presidential electors, from all the counties in 1.200 1510 98 | the State, except De Soto, give the following result :— 500 734—s@_| Pierce. fy 26.0% 136 96487 tt. 620 (379 . ve 701 2 822 64 58 1,245 1096 143 1,878 «1,801 19 347 OTT 258 BT 1 756 1, 142 1 aus 1s v i Majority against payit PS o btn 1 ch 4 Vbich ay be increased slighily by the four remaining 1,411 1,605 61 | counties. ais Salhi se eee ght | _Inpiaxa Usirep Srarxa Sexavon,—Charles W Cuth- 913 921 6 | cart, of Laporte county, bas been appointed by the 1377 1,017 1 | Governor of Indians to be Senator in Congrezs. to fill the 365 «806 «S49 | Y#eRUCY Cocasioned by the death of James Whitcomb. | 1,215 1006 455 | Mr. Cathcart is a democrat, and has been often a Senator 1158 -775-—S «173 | im the State Legislature The most prominent oandi- 7809 805 3:7 | dates which it iv said will come before the Legislature for 2 SM | the vacaxoy, will be John Pettit, John W. Davis, 8 D. 47463 45 | Owen, W J. Brown, Henry Seorest, J. L. Robinson, and 632 (1071 7 | Col. Willis A Gorman. bert eo 4 Arkaysas Leersnaturs —Etection or U.S 676 1114 46. | SFNax0K anv Crusr Justice —At tweive o'clock, Mom 86 190 ©: 128 | the 10th inst.. the two houses convened in the hail of re. 276 «892142 | ~Prerentatives. 1,04 T4L 3 | _ The two houses procesded to the eleotion of Chief Tor 676. ~—«G4. | FUstiCe of the Supreme Court. L07L 1,031 18 Mr. Witherspoon nominated Geo. C. Watkins ; and no 138 «908 «139 | farther nomination being made, the roll was called. which 1027 877 223 | Tesulted as followr: G C, Watkins received 94 votes, and 629 «616.414 | Mr. Craighead 1 vo! 34407 7 | , The Speaker then announced that George C. Watkins 1,877 1,789 109 | Daving received a ity of all the votes cast, was duly "984 «11029 = 1a._| elected Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for the time 780 1084 60 | Preecribed by law. si ig 284 | Martin Van Buren on the Recent Hlection. 1601 1647 © 109 At the recent demooratio festival at Albany, the Bu (NS 65 | following lotter from ex-President Van Buren was 497613 53 | read:— 439 «459 6 LINDENWALD, Nov. 23, 1852. 760 (961 6 GrntTLEMEN—I have had the honor to receive your 832 953 13 | friendly invitation, and regret that it ia not in my 1,396 1,319. 9 power to comply with your request. The revollec- ey of ms tions of my early and fong continued associations 1352 1 | With the democracy of Albany are of tho most on- 509 «335 g during and gratifying character, and if I gould ever 519 «610 1 | be induced te depart from the rule in regard to such 763 1,220 19 | subjects which I have long since prescribed to myself, 1114 988 178 and for many yoars adhered to, it would be oa the 1.142 1,802 8Y occasion whioh you have presented. Ost = 787523 ‘There is no political district in this groat republic 483 “ ot < , in whic persevering and undaunted efforts, on the Rv) ae toank | part of the friends of a good cause, have produced 817 6aT 7 “932 more gratifying or comparatively greater results $15 352 194 | than has been the caso in yours I remember the 1,121 1114 18 | time when the old republicans of Albany were not 1,093 1,106 44 | sufficiently numerous to hold a political meeting in 681 471 «= 24 any degree imposing, without the aid of their zeal- 1,209 1,528 405 | ons friends in the neighboring towns; and a com- 183 es a | pariscn of your present triumphant condition with = Kg | the relatively very diminutive vote whioh your pre- 1585 852 7 | deoessors in the same political field were only able 534 «G87 .. | to give in the early struggles of our party, will 467 «862 21 | offord a striking illustration of the grea: change to 11 1,126 1,643 22 | which I have referred—an illustration well calcu 085 1,432 939 | lated to give an increased zest to your enjoyment of 708 = 60 68 | a festival so appropriately designed to celebrate ie oe t | aS, late glorious triumph of the democracy of the Union. 847730 140 | The high iti, igh characters, porsonal and politiacl, of the = as SS a | cantieeee (pease slcons an Age malt of thes 934 69,007 74745 8,100 , triumph, and the hope of good times for our coun- | by x | try and the people promised by their success, are in- | — —— | deed fit subjects for rejoicing, and if I cannot be Dem. majority...... to 4,638 nike you in person, you may besure! will bo in feeling. Se But whilst our grateful thanks are thus freely and Dem: gsin since! 1848, 9.600 183134 | Properly expressed, for results of a more soa Total vote in 1843. “* 152749 | Character, we ought uot to be uomindful of those, te -——= | which, though immediately applicable to our own . ++ 80,385 State, msy, nevertheless, prove to be of transcen- Tnosease im four years.. INTERESTING POLITICAL STATISTICS. Presidential Vote ef Indiana. Presidential Vete of Vermont. OFFICIAL. ‘ +150 which they oan pass their notes off. As their notes ks AG ri are only redeemable when presented in sums of $5, S7t 1,516 3 it cen readily be concelved that among the laboring ae clasees ‘sums must always remain floating. 3300 '10t 186, The example thus set by Mr. Latham, and Selden, 474 Tt 462 Wivbers & Co , bas led to the influx of similarspecu- , OF ae ie | lations, and hen:ze the number of small note **banks” 2 recently started by individuals. Thoy may ali bs good, but they ure none of them any thing more thanindivi- dus] promises to pay, issued in violation of law, aud not secured in apy way. ‘The ‘Bank of the Republic,” one of the indivi- dual note concerns, redeems its issues in gold and silver, and in this respect differs from the othera, avd so far is deserving of praise. What renders the whole matter more singular is the fact that the government, or its officers, deposit the pubiic funds with some of these ‘ banks,” thus eucouraging their violation of law. This should be looked into by Congress. It ia manifestly wrong that any public funds should be placed in the ke ing of “banks,” no matter how solvent, which are mairisined in opposition to Jaw. The only banks bere which are “secured,” and which are not doing business in open violation of law, are the Bank of Washington, Bank of Metro- polis, and Patriotic Bank, all of Washington, and the Bunk of Commerce, (ieorgetown These banks were originally established by acts of incorporation from Congress. Some years ago tiey were directed to wind up their concerns, and trustees were appoint- ed By the wording of the act this is construed into a perpetual act ot incorporation, and the insti- tutions bave cont'nued to do a regular business— their stock commanding a high price They publish regular sworn statements of their issaes and asaets, and ave regarded a8 in excellent standing. They issue no votes below the decomination of five doll: Ali the otherso called ‘*banks’’ are mere individual concerns, with no security for the redewption of taeir ie: to be found in the honesty ing them Many of them have uck up to show whore they not even shing’ are redcemed. It is to be hoped Gengroes will either pass = free banking law, as iu ew York, or efecwually cupprees the icsus of notes by individuals . Wasnineron, Nov. 7, 1852 The Insane Asylwin at the National Capital A geod deal of dissatisfaction is manifested here at tLe eppointment of a medical geutlemaa from the State of New York, a8 Superintendent of the Insane Asylum of the Dis.rict of Columbia, the erection of which was provided for by an act of the last session It is known to every one here that the as) in ques | tion was pavsed principally through tho unwoaried | attention of a prominent medical gentlemen of this city, and who had to contend against the opposition of Mies Dix and her friends, who feared that the ap plication of a luaatio asylum here, migut endanger her plan for the several States. Day «fier day, last acscion, the gentleman alluded to attended in the balie of Congress, and advocated his humane propo- sition. At length his assidaity was rewarded ny the pasaege of the bill creating aa asylun in ths Disirict No salary was fixed for the superintendens, acd it wes simply intended that the money appro- inted should be expended ia the purchase of a Fite, end erection of @ building for the lum. At the tame time, it was supposed that when (ho proper period arrived, the gentleman who bsd been instrumcutal in pot oaly originating the bill, but having it passed, would at leass be con- suited as to ite organization But Mr. Stuart, th Secretary of the Interior, in his anxiety to distri bute government pap, at once appoiated a sup tendent, at » Jarge salary, whose ouly duty for months will be to euperintend the building of the asylum, & position certainly much better euired to an architect thin @ mediosl man. Not only has a groze injustice beon perpetrated by thls ooadust of Mr Seore tary Stuart, but the money woted by ra epecific purpore—the ereo usylum—ia equaudercd in salaries to a cannot have avy duties to perform bil Loe asy lum is built. And, asi wate this still riher, although nearly tarce mouths hive clapsed © the aot was preved, not tho first step has becn taken even to purchaso & site, the retary reeting satiofied that tho money qill bo xp " ded sufivicutly fast in paying ussleys oflioors, providing homes for the indigent iazane at me time. Verily, & change in the edministra of tho government will not bo brought avout itis needed. The matter I have aliaded to but ® specimen of the abuso which prevails in avery deport ment OR OF THon —It is feared by .e prevent high prices of trom wii ulus to that braneb of bu ineve. Th dent persona ved an unt si danger ap hended je (hat a large numoer of furnages and rolling rile thi be erected by iuexpertenced wen, andor the toief thet the prosemt condition of the market will bs yermsnent, To scecuplich this $15 supposed cha: two year Wit De required, wt Ube end of whisle U Huh manufeovurers, finding as great compe.ition as Levore (he reooxt ruin of the pustuces, will bring down pricer, an@ once more rpread decole'ion im the land, Whether this will happem or mot it is imyorsivle to tors. | tl Bot the faot that it is posetble, should joduos those who propore to emberk ig new projects, (6 consider the | matter well beforeband, One thing is certain have hed the mesne to stem the thove who + thieof the last he wht ve ow 48. 3,045 Tote) vote in 148, Total vote in 1852, Deorease in four years There were fifty election. scattering votes oast a! Taylor. Cass, V.Buren. Pierce. Scott, Hale. 2683 319 1,035 878,04 12 1,388 Bt 1673 48 1,672 WS, 4676 1,675 535 295 SL 33689 1799-752 1,199 308 773 22,173 isu 9,129 Presidential Vote of New Hampshire. [orrictan.] —— -1862—. Scott. Pierce. Hale. + 787, 1.8387 262 491 1825 350 20°32 2264 698 376 h Merrimack Rockipgbem. Scrafiord 2.00: 1,816 2069 Suliiva 480-1178 1,866 Totel...... 16.147 29907 6695 14781 27788 7.560 16.147 44 781 Dem mpj.......... 18.850 12982 12.982 Dem, gain tince 18 Total vote in 1852, Totel vote in 1848. Irerease in four years .. The Presidential Vote of Ohio, [From the Cinncinnati Gazette, Nov. 26.] It is s little remarkable, thet notwithstanding four years bave elapsed. and gieat changes in the individanis voting (by death. navurcdization, and young men acriy- ing at majority), there should be so very lictiy change im the proportions of the parties voter given b: Taking the statem~as of the State Journat to be corres’, the follow. dant impertanoe to the people of the whele country. Your feelings will, I doubt not, readily anticipate my reference to tho great, for the preeent at least, overwhe)lmin; murat’ which the success of the late | election is calcula:ed to give to the only saving principle of rence government—that of a strict saherence to the provisions of writton constitution. I am gentlemen, very zvepenttally yan servant and friend, Van Buren. Hogs and Cattle. [Prom the Cincinna i Gazette Nov. 18 The perk packing season has now fairly com- menced, and the market is not devoid of tho asual excitemcnt, though it is evident that packers general'y regard present prices as sufficiontly high to induce very cautious movements. The advance in products in the Eastern and Southern markets has, however, imparted more confidence to the trade ; although at the same time it is bolieved that current rates tor old sald aro not calculated to affect soaterially the future price of the new; and we call the advance in the price of hogs during the week fully 25 cents per 100 ibs. In addition to this, the rates of premium paid by slaughterers have ad- yanced, and we understand that 35 cents per head isnow obtainable. Hogs, therefore, net holders $5 60 a 35 70 per 100 lbs. We find that prices in this market are as urual considerably above those pala at other points in the West, and will doubtless ave the efiect to divert hogs in this direction that were criginal'y iutended for other points Our correspondent at St Louis writes that packers | there aro very fearful, and in consequence of their refusal to accede to the demands of sollers, it is probable the number packed in the city will not ex: | ceed 50,000 head. It follows from this that there will be an increased business done at points in thé interior; and this, so far as we can judge from prevent indications, will be the case throagbout the entire West. As remarked on a former ocoxsion, the businces of contracting has this season been | carried to a great extreme, not only by packers, but | by parties who are oeither hog raisers nor pork | packers; aid some of this class of operators cannot ing ere the eggregate votes of 1848 and 1353:— 1848 1802, Tnovrase 152,626 14,230 169.160 14,298 | Pov) vote Bo do of 159: Tncteare of total vote Total vow of 1844... Trereese from 1844, Ciey?e vote in 1844 Beott’e do in 1 Scott's less than Clay Seott’s ip 1852. Feylor’s im 1848 ?eott’s mere than Taylor. Pierce's gain over Cras whe voters of three per cont per anoam. Assuming th # ful) one, (und ie was probebly as fail there were stil about 34.000 non- voters. W tibhey would have charged the result had thay put we bave no avubt » majority of them wore pore th all voted wigs. 81,182 decreare, 36 B23 4 ever wilbe given.) the whole number of voters im the State is, in round numbers, 857.600. This proves that atthough the recent vote was (under the circumstances) @ large one, e do not ep ties respectively ic almost exectly equal, and the plurall- ty of Pierce almort exactly the rama as Case's As tho whig vote of 1848 wae mucb iss than the democratic, the relarive inerease 0! Ube whig vole is the largost. The free soll ve'9 wan slightly dimlnia member how Largely the Vao Buren vote of pored of harnuncners, or mersiy factions dem apparent thet “be real fore gol! yobs has incven If we cenlyze the comporition of the demoora'is we rhall tind The increase aud the majority to be composed | us tawe the tacreaved me | of naturslized foreieners. jorities Ina balf dozen ait WNeWEA Vronkiia Bight countice There are the connties, in j which the foreign if any ore dy 1 complete evidor north we ; but if were 1848 waseom: rats, 1b is vote, imigran'a baye how (his vote mm ibe vores of | anything, an upward iendency; but this fecling may | | be owing in some cegroe to the emall number of wards, Why thtsneturalized vor line nonilormly cat eeatane the ib fs unneoersaty quire, beyond the well-kwown fact, that they have fel'en ceder the influense of @ class of demagoguns, | whose role buriress it bas bern to deccive and poison thelr minds, not merely in reforecee to whig polloy aud wea ures, but So regard to the most eminest and worthy men ef the neon. There is no ether polmt upon wal there bes beon #9 muob imposition upon the Igaoraat, 0 rlander upon the great, aod to much impadent as on Of superior virtue fn the most worthiness poll- The ineresse of volex to tho whig and democratic par. | {OU deliverable ina few days, et out with less than $6, in (his market, andrather than submit to a loss at ones, they will be likely to pack ov theirowh account, acd rely upona fature improvement. BIeSeUER the market muy bo regarded as opened at $587 a $550, icts not by any moansina settled con- dition ; but, on the contrary. 1< stato which renders it almost impossible to say whe- ther the next move will be up or down go00 revgon to be so, The movomonts of last sea- son demonstrated very o early that high prices cause % great falling otf in consump.ion, and as the aver- | age value of products, in order to pay for hogs at present prices, must rule high throughout the entire season, We muy expect to Bee a comparatively light home consumption, and a vory limited oxport de- mend; end in addition to this, there wiil be, as is Renerally gupposed, au increase of equal to iifteca or twerty percent in the number of aogs as com- pered with last year. Tho following comparison of prices Jest season acd this, will prove interesting as | show2g the startling points for the rates of two yee 4 | Nov. 16th, 1851, 1852. New mess pork +++ B12 00 $4 5 G.cen hams . ota 636) TjaTy Green shoulders,. Green rides,... Prime No t bbl. lard . is ‘The rccoipte of hog: yet, beon light, bi they are increasing, uite a number, we learn, Wl be in towards the last of the week. Mieyon houees are now cutting, and within the ensuln, weck all will be im operation. Owiog to the fact that the great bulk of the early hogs will bo dvli- vered on contracts, the sales in the early part of the scacon will be light, as compared with the number packed. Tho transactione reported to us during the week were as follows :—Wodnesday, 400, 25; 510 do, at $5 15; Tirursduy, 500, at Menday, 1,000, deliverable in ten di at $5 25; at $5 37h; aiorday, 400 and 142, at $5 50; 326, averaging 225 ibs., at 95 00, and & premivm, Tho market is decidedly firm and closod with, if hey that are offermg, the favorable wosther for cutiing, and the desire tkat some buye to be ope- rating. Tho number packed, so fax, is estimated at 15,000 bead. In beet cattle there is ao obange The supply is ample ani the market not firm, at ¢5 # $5 25 pur 100 lbs, net for those averaging from 500 to 750 ibs, while inferior range as low a $4 50. [from the Louieville Commorelal, Nov. 12] Mos, of our pavkere were ready to commence Ope retinue in hog slanghtoring yesterday; put the weather turned warm, and they postponed killing. Bet one house bas as yet been im operation, and only some eight hundred noge have boon killed. A‘ Cincinnati slauglvering had fully commenced ‘Tuceday, acd wt one establianment seven hundred vere kided in three hours and forty nine mi- nu er. ‘Throughout Missouri prives have beon dull, at sho tobe, not, with » downward tendency, which was Pico the prevailing tope wt ail points along the up- ee ppl Pa aitie Journal of the 16th inst says:— Tne packing seoacon bas just commonood, but tho kegs are gorcrally Backing. on country account Balos of shoulders an the week, ef 4jo.a So and7o , from the bleok, with ‘ime enles for future delivery from salt, ot Sho, aad Bo., proked and delivered. Sales of 5 s in that peculiar | ‘ Asalready | remarked, packers are cautious, and they have very | bams have been made during | teresting from Costa Rico. San Juan vex Norra, Nev. 18, 1868, To J. G. Bennett, Esq , Editor of the Hanaup. Bir—I take the liberty of enclesing to you, fer publication, the subjoined letter, which I have re- ceived trom an esteemed friend. It gives s faithful and correst account of what is going on im that beautiful and flourmbing country. The route from this to the capital of Costa Rica is up the river St. Jobn’s, thirty-five miles by the Nicaragua transit steamers, to the mouth of the Sarapaqui, and thea, by bungoes, up that river twenty-four miles, and from thence over land forty five miles, to San Jose the capital. If you ehould deem this of safficient interest to publish, on somo future eceasion I will furnich you information more in detail. I remain, sir, yours, truly, aL. San Josn, Costa Rica, Oot. 15, 1852. } Dear Sir—Boing desirous of favoring you with © few notes of the actual stato of this country, I bag loave to do #0, as far a3 I consider most interesting to the foreigners who intend to ostablish themselves in speculations in Costa Rica. The population of this republio is about two hun- dred thourand persons, of industrious and pacific habits; it contains immenge fertile and weil watered lands, which are at present uncultivated, for want of laborers. There are great variotios of climate and temperature, which in genoral are very hoalthy. The soil produces coffee, sugar, indigo, coshinoal, tobacco, and many other appreciable fruits; but the Batives have devoted themselves with perseverance to the cuitivation of coffee, the quality of whieh is well known in the English market, as well as im Valparaiso and Cslifornia, to which ports there is ap aunual exportation of one hundred and 4 thourand quintals, and it may be fairly oatoul | that this quantity will be doubled Tefen three years, on account of the new and extensive planta- tion3 now in progress, of that article. A ‘There is a cart road from the interior to the Pa- cific, and there is one also in progress to the river paqui, by a company compored of the pies al land ewners of the country, through which an im- portant communication will be opened with San Juan del Norte, to facilitate the commerce between Ve reeds Europe, and the United States, via the antic Tbe consumption of foreign goods is principally ordinary etiee fabrios an haves: ba various -qualities, whose value is not less than million dollars anuually. There is also a large consu tion of the productions of the United states, a ascotton goods, furniture, flour, Virginia tobacco, and other articles, which are at present brought from Vaiparaiso. ‘The poiitioal institutions offer all kinds of induce- ments There is religious toleration, and ths lower orders are moderate, without fanaticicom There is great need of professors of all scientific subjects; and principally we are in want of institutions which unite the necessary qualities for tho education and instruction of the females. Finally, I can assure you thas all industrious people will fad satisfactory ane lucrative afin pms The country is pre- | gressing rapidly, and there is no doubt that as zoom | as we have # communica‘ion with the Atlantic, the opulation will be extraordinarily increased by Suropean See and,as a matter of course, agricultare and commerce will develope themselves in proportion. The government being convinced of thir, they are, as well as the inhabitants in of Costa Rica, in the best disposition to take into consideration the yarious propositions which foreign speculators may wish to make for the establishing of steamboats on the river Sarapaqui, and for tho formation of or railroad from that river to the capital, and from thence to Punta on the Pacific—-it being clearly understood that si enterprises would be compensated with concessions of exclusive privileges. I beg to conclude, beseeching you to oxeuse the defects of this short account, which I make with aswuch pleasure as I would do in any future com- muzication which you may wish me te make. I remain, your obedient servant, V. AquiLaR: iets iain all Theatrical and Musical. Bowrry Turaine.—The beautiful play called ‘ Gisip- pus,” written by Gerald Griflin author ef the “Colle- glans,” and other talented works, will commence the on- tertainments to-night. Mr. Eddy and Miss Heren will eppear in the leading characters. The oj lo drams of b: Freischutz”’ wiil terminate the performances. The | attendance, no doubt, will be respectable te see" Gisip- pus.” Baoapway Turatre.—Mrs Mowatt, the distinguish- ed actress, will appear tonight as Rosalind, in the beautiful comedy of ‘As You Like It,” assisted im the other leading parts by Messrs. Conway, stand, Dat Mrs Vernon, and Mrs. F. Conway. ‘Tho ent 2 aad Sottled.* will conclude with the piece called “Mar; | This programme must insure a fall hoa» | Ninto’s Garvev.—The beautiful opera of “Linda af | Chemouni"’ wili commence the enter‘ain:nonts toni Mad. Bishop will sustain her celebrated character of | da, which she fills with excellent vocal ability, and with great artistic talent. Mr. Braham. one of the best tenors we have at preeemt in the country, with Miss Rose | Jucques, and M_ Strini, in the other leading characters. | All will close with One Fete de Constantinople.” | Boetox's Taratrr.—Tho comedy of “Portume's Pro- lio” will commence the entertainments at this is will be followed by the “Patrician po Par- the amusi d laughable pirce entitied ited for the Guld Diggit Will conglude t ntertainments, by tig) Burton's star company will be introduced in those pieces. Nationa. Tuvatee = Vhe drama oalled “ Uncle Tom's Cabin" will be the first of the entertainments given to- night at this alar resort. This wil be succesded by the orama called the “ Saxon Ubief.’ aud wiil terminate with the “ Monkey of Pitcairne Isiand,” in whieh Master | Ocny will give his imimitable represeu‘ation of tae mon- key. Purdy’s dremetic company will appear in the other pieces, Waxtack’s Lrcxum.—The fue old comedy called “O18 | Heace snd Young Hearts’ with those ovlebrated come dians, Blake, Lester. snd Miss Laura Keene in the prin- cipal characters, Wallick has fine compauy, who are eveiy night received with emthuissm. aud he bas now completely established hia theatre, by his excellant celea- tions, The enterteimmenis close with “ High Life be~ low Stairs,” with @ fine cast. Amrnicas Musnum —The pieces tolected for this after- acon and evening, consis's of “Misobief Making.” the emuring piece celled “One Thousand Millinora Waated,? | end the beautifol moral drataa oalled the “Last Nail?! Wurin's Vanieres —Thir flourishing place of areusemont is very popular. The enteriaivmenis consist of a “Ro- land for an Oliver.” the “Wirst Night,” “Servants by Le- cacy snd “Family Jars.” Chis programme is vory at: tractive Cunisiy’s Orrra Hover, —The beautiful negro molodies which are sung every night at Mechanic's Hall, attract, sual, large assemblages. Woon’s Minsixris—A bili of groat variety it annonue. ed for thie evening; songs, duetts, aud instrumental por. , formance, with dancing. Mronanicar. Mvsrcan Picunes.—A very interesting ¢x- hibition is ES at the Gellery of Varicties, 636 Broad- way, every hour during the day. Mn. Banner, formerly o taanager of the Broadway theatre, is playing ® very eucceesfal engagement im Cherlestoa. 8 Co His represe: m of Sir Hereourt, ia “London Assurance,” has been epoken of in toems of prote Pror. Cranies Wi is to lecture at the Stuyve- fant Ipotitete, on Friday evening next, Noveity vrow Nove.rr.—The advemt of Mr. Robert Heller. « protes-or of the mystic sciences, of Bardpeam fame, bas been duly chronicied in cur columas for the past week Mr, Helier, by the tome of hie announcement, reems the most modest of his profersion, uevertheles, he comes to ua with a reputati He is an acknowi orlebrity, equal te Houdin. and vastly sucerior to his pre decerrors, We have often wondered why a permanent exhibition of the mystorics of the oooult sclenoes was never sttempted in this city. There is food enough fur the amusement and invtruation of the million hidden im them end there in every reason to suppose that such am exh. dition, in the hands of a studied nad competent ola. eidator. would prove lucrative Lot us have a resident Temple of Magio as well as an Ethiopean opera, Mrs. Bostwick was announced to give @ concert fa Cleveland, Ohio, on the 20th inst The Mobile theatre opened on the 18th inst , with Mea. Howard. Mra Visher, and Mr. Chippendale, as a portion of the company. Mr. Geo, F. Browne, who has bee. performing at the Fogle street thealre, Buffalo, for some time post, re ceived « benefit on the 27th inst, Ole Bull's coneSrtu in the Wastern oft highly sua cessful. He wan at Olnoinuaticn the 20h ¥, Mr and Mrs Connor are perforining at Cinoimaati. Miew bag a is pinying to crowded audionoos at the theatre, berly made her first appearance te Philedel- phia loot nighé at the Uzestnut atroet theaters, Wrrsier Onseguivs in Voston —To day the obsequiee in Loner pi) suiel Webreer will 2 ovlebraton fa Boston. Vrom the ‘ations which beve been made, we should judge 10 will be the most gorgerous fauceal Pegeant (het wae ever Wiimeavod in country, P Boarn —Tho Britich shipha- pire Quren, ived yusterday from Liverpool. had teven death on boord durior her pasenge and fifteen still | Femalning sick.—New Orleen Picmyune Nov. 20, | —_—_—__. APPOINTMENTS by THE GovERNOK oF INDIAVA ~ Nenjamin Wolfe. of Menros county, @ be agent for relort- | ing the 4.106 sores of land granted to the Bloom University James GriMn, of Tippomanoe oonnty, to be temiortoner for erecting: « fenee around the Tapeawaye