The New York Herald Newspaper, October 1, 1852, Page 4

AgE Ty PROPAIETOB AND BDITOR. Drvrok 8. W, CORNER OP FULTON AND NASSAU OTS return those IB PRINTING eaccuted with neatness, cheapness, and mate romewed every cays cash in adwunce. -No, 273. 44 SEMENTS THIS BVRNING. BOWSRY THEATRE, Gowery.—Kaerrera—Bercusns Deo ov Gimnr. AY THEATRE, Broadway.—Buoxrm ov Bo- eora—Lapres’ Bewann. NIBLO'S, Breadway.—N« Tovones Pas A La Rewwee. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street.—Tus Rivars— Featunn's none, MATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street.—IneLany a9 we wae in 179—Tront Rope—Macic Tavmret—Binus, wus Bacar. jan Puav at Twat RPMISTOPHELES. WALLACK’S LYCEUM—Two @aun—Perrive THE Quanto NEW YORK THEATRE—Tue Sraancen—Wivow's Voor. ~ MINERVA ROOMS—Tue Pasonama ov Mexico, AMERICAN MUSEUM.—Amumve Parvormarces mm = IBNOON AND EVENING. CHRISTY’S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway.—Ermorias Sewermzasy sy Cunisry’s Miverrere. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musics! Dail, 444 Broad- vey. —Erurorian MinstReisy. WHITS’S VARIETIES, 17 and 19 Bowery.—Amverme Perron ances, DOUBLE SHEET. New Work, Friday, October 1, 1852. Malis for Europe. THE NEW YORK WEEKLY AERALD. The Collins steamship Pacitie, Captain Nye, will leave this port at noon, to-morrow, for Liverpool. The Eu- ropean mails will close at half past tem o’elock to-morrow morning. The New Youn Weexiy Henaup will be pablisbed at haif-past mine c'clevk im the morning. Bingie copies, in wreppere. sixpence. The News. The telegraphic wires announee the arrival of the tteamsbip Paleen at New Orleans, with advices from (al fornia to the Ist of September, being six- teen eryo later than previously received The only feature of interest by this arrival, is the announce- men! tbat two millions of dollars, in gold dust, is Bow on i's way to this city, in the steamer Ohio. She will. probably be here to-day. It is said that the general news is of no importance, which may be taleen as an indication that affairs are progress- ing rather favorably than otherwise, in the golden &tate. While upen the subject, we may as well re- mark that a telegraphic dispatch from Norfolk contrar dicts the rumor current in this city yesterday, that a California steamer had putinto that port. The proceedings of the National Liberty Conven- tion, which met at Syracuse yesterday, are charac. teristic of the past history of the party. During the morning session some of the delegates entertained the audience by advocating State rights doctrines, Dpon nonintervention principles—that is, that one ®rate has no right to interfere with the internal ar- rangements of another; that, although a negro may be a slave, according to the laws of some States, the moment he sets foot in others, he is, according to their laws, a free man, and any United States marshal who attempts to arrest and remand him to his master, commits a gross vielation of State lawe, and should be prosecuted for kidnapping; at least, according to their peculiar view of the matter, the general government has no ‘Dusinese to meddle with the disputes which spring ap between the different States. In the afternoon resolutions were passed, re-affirming the old party issues, and then the body commenved balloting for a Presidential candidate. Senator Hale, the Pitts- burg free democratic nominee, was thrown over- board, and Wm. Goodell, the Canastota nominee, was eclected aa the standard rer of the liberty party in the coming campaign. Gerrit Smith turned his back upon Hale, and went for Goodell. &S. M. Piper, of Va , was fixed upon as the candidate for the Vice Presidency. But enough of the abolitionisis—let us see what is going on in the Conventien of Spirit Rappers, at Worcester. There we have atreat—something that will attract far more attention than anything that has happened for some time. Andrew Jacxson Davis has bad a vision—a miraculous vision—most wonderful to behold! He very coolly tells us that, through theenlightenment e#@pirituel lorgnettes, he saw, among other strange things, a hail-stone crozs. Another geotlemen, also, named Hewitt—who is to be the editor of the organ to be called the New Era, or Heaven Opencr—presented a com- munication from the spirit ef John Hancock, which was endorsed by the spirits of George Washington, Ben. Franklin, and other il- lustrious persons who formerly inhabited this world. A Scotchman present, objected to some of the language of this communication, notwithstand- img that it was brought forward by an embryo edi- tor. This gentleman, perksps, did not take into eonrideration the fact that John Hancock departed from this sphere prior to the innovations of Kirkham Webster, and other philologists, upon the’ English language. It isnot probable that Webster’s now dietionary has yet been introduced into the spirit world. This reminds us of the fact that a lady in thie city, the other evening, while in a supposed c*mmunication with her departed husband, was in- Jormed that the doctors had mistaken his disoase. Being told to write down the names of such com- plaints as ber husband might have had, she wrote 4h word “gizzard,” whereupon the spirit rapped ‘and the medium very gravely informed her that tha: ‘was what ailed her husband—the poor fellow had actually died of the gizzard complaint. Read the report of the proceedings at Worcester, and enjoy it No wonder that even the chairman of the Conven tion repudisted the conduct of somo of the crazy mediums. General Stott doce not appesr to have mot with quite so warm a reception in Lexingten, Ky., as he tid in other places along the route. Indeed, thus far in Kentucky, the honors seem to have been about equally divided between kim and General Wool. Both gentlemen held levees yesterday morn. ing, waich were attended by many of the leading men in the State, without distinction of party. In the course of the forenoon, they called on the widow of the lamented Henry Clay. In the afternoon the party proceeded to Frankfort, whore extensive prepa- rations had been made for the holding of a demo- eratie meeting, before which General Wool was ex- pestedto speak. It Gen Scott is not careful, his o}d companion-in arms will out-general him in pow litioal manmuvering The speech of Mr. Leavitt, at the meeting of the Free Democracy last night, honorably vindic General Pierce from the slandere of the Creeley elique. The teieg-aphe furnist ings ofall kinds in P. where As usual, is prow 1 o ‘ Jarge and entha nstrat bus, as will be seon by on article f n ay th re iy « great deal of humb ing on in thie line of business now a days, an therefore, as well te be cautions about the amount of rol'snce to ve placed on the gecerelity 07 these dospatches The workiag men of Masachorerte Lelé 4 stute Wmdwenes eeoxected therewith. clested Vine President on the ame ticket, and be eame, im eonsequenee of bis positiva, tho beir-ap- parent to the mantle of General Jaskson’s populari- ty. ‘The State cleetions from 1832 to 1836 are not given in ourtables, because they are unnecessary to the elucidation of the conclusions which we wish, at Ppreeent, to reach. The country was prosperous in those years. Every interest expanded, enlarged, sad Brew, from. 1932 to 1836, and perfect repose charac- terized the whole nation. The calamity which sub- sequently grew out of too much paper expansion, was then unknown. (eneral Jackson, therefore, had a gmeoth time during his second term; and his ‘successor, Mr. Van Buren, was elected by 2 con- Convention in Boston yesterday, at which it was resolved to question candidates for oftieo whother they were in favor of the passage of {e ‘en hour aw. A despatch from Springfield announces that M, Petin and co nj avions made a most beautifal as- cent with his balloon, yesterday afternoon. At last advices no tidings had been received from the acronauts. From A bany we Jearn that the sentence of death pronounce! »giins: Ira Sheridin, for murder, has been commuted by the Governor to imprisonment forlife. We eleewhere publish some additional European intelligence brought by the steamship Canada, which will be found rather interesting. 7 Accounts of fires at Dayton and Cleveland, and the announcement that the Michigan State Prison was on fire at the date of the despatch, will be fou d urder the telegraph head. The latter may have prove! @ very serious affair. There is said to have been a most magnificent ox- hibition of animal and vegetable productions, at the Fair held yesterday in Hampden county, Mass. Nearly the whole of yesterday was consumed by the :copal Diocesan Convention, in unsuccessfal- ly balloting for a provisional bishop, The contest willbe renewed this morning. The chief candidates are Doctors Wainwright and Vinton. bough cotton and breadstuffs are net active, quits a movemen: in other arti- cle } aval store’, so largely produced by our Southern ‘pine forests, having taken quite astart. The demand being good, »n/ stooke \izht, spirits of turpectine suddenly advanced from 47c. 48c. to 52e. per gal’on,utwhch closed yesterday. Raw t&rpentine has gone up from $3 87 to $4; and rosin from $120 a $1 40 ‘0 $1 40 ani ¢! 50 per bar- rel. Tho stock ot s ger. in this market, is light; which was ascertained, yesterday, to amount to about 26,500 hids., +0.000 boxes, and 5,000 bags, against 34,/07 Whds. 32,077 boxes, and 7.324 bags on the 30th of September, 1851. The falling off in Havana, the present year, is estimated, by well informed parties, at 10t less than 22 por cent. while some goas high as30 per cent. The only zn guint where a full crop is said to have been io he is and ot Barbadoes, which will rout 15.000 thds. The domestic sugars of ‘Texas and New Orleans, are requires for consump tion iu the We tern States. Toe first sale of rice, of the now crop, was made .yesterday, by Messrs. Pond, Gilman, & Mack, and brought $5 31jc. per 100Ibs. Our inside pages to-day contain very important information to politicians, in bh» shape of tables giving the popular vote at the Prosidential elections sinee 1824; descriptions of new buildings in the E ghtee th wad; evidenge taken by the Coroner in the Forsyth street murder case; meeting of the New Yerk Colonization Society; breaking up of a gang of counterfeiters in Philadelphia; appearance of Kanesville, or Council Bluffs; proceedings in va- rious courts; reviews of financial and commercial affairs; advertisements, &e. Who is to be our Next President !—Figures Never Lie. The records of the p:st are the seeds of the fa- ture. If we possess a desire to make an approximation to the results of the Presidential election of next month, the only mode of doing so is by moans of a thorough and careful and dehberate analysis of the past elections,"and their peculiar characteristics. Tn our columns elsewhere, to-day, we have compiled in one mass the popular and State elections which have taken place in this country from the yoar 1824 up to the present time. These tables are cal- culated from the most accurate data, and have been compiled and preserved during a serios of twonty year, the most of that tine in connection with or under the supervision of this establishment. They compr'se the figures of every Presidential election, from that of 1824 up to 1848, besides including al- most every intervening State election since the year 1836. These tables will form, for the politician as well as for the man of business and the man of lei- sure, a series of authentic and curious facts, from which, with his own recollection, united with the facts of history, he may be enab'ed to form certain conclusions based npon the past elections in ths country, as to the probable results of the approaching ono for the Presidency now pending. We have no room within the condensed limits of an editorial article, to generalize to any extent om the various financial, political, social, and other causes, which have, during the last thirty years, decided cometimes in favor of one party and some- times in favor of another, beth in the State and Presidential contest: Yet even the tables which wo now publish would be badly understood without some general view connecting tho serics and the re- sults in one unbrokea line of natural causes and efleets. We donot mean to say much—because wo have notime—of the organization of the old de- mocratic and federal parties—their rise, their pro- grces, their decline, and their final extinction during tho last Presideney of James Monroe. From 1824 up to 1828 all the old party ties and party princi- ples of jrevious years were broken into pieces and fcattered to the winds of heaven. The Presi~ dential contest ending in 1828 was a guerilla fight. All the candidates were rominally democrats or ro publicanr—none of them acknowledged themselves to be federalists. Jackson, Adaws, Clay, Crawford, a'lran ascandidates. Jhree of thom were ret»racd, uuder the constitutional provision, to the House of Representatives, and that bedy, by @ coalition of the Clay and Adamsstrengthin the House, clevated Mr Adams to the Presidency, although he iad a less number of yotes than General Jackson. From that moment commenced the movements which led to tho organization of the modern democratic and whig parties, although the latter did not assume thet particular «ppellation till the year 1832, at Baltimore. During the administration of John Quincey Adams, the factions of which Jackson, Calhoun and Crawford had been the reprosentatives, a}l united, and formed an opposition to the new ad- ministration. General Jeckson became their sole candidate ; and slthough this was the first time in Which military availability was brought before the people, it is yet very well known that even General Jackson, who had lost the election on the firet trial, could not have been elected in 1828 without the union of the old factions of the ancient democrats, then reunited for tho firet time in this country, since the close of the war of 1812. The triumph of General Jackson in 1828 gave an existenco and a name te what is called the modern democracy. The of position to that administration had not yet assumed the name of whigs, but they were led into the politics) field by such spirits as Clay and Web- ster, ond ultimately received the accession of John C. Calhoun, who had quarrelled with and soparated from Genoral Jackson. It was during the first administration of that President that the real principles and measures which distinguish the modern democracy and the modern whiggery, received their form and linoa- ments. These principally sprung out of the tariff upon imports, the action with respect to a na- tiona bank, internal improvements, and various other measures of less importance and conse- quence. The principal question, however, which overruled al] the rest, was that in connection with a national bonk. General Jackson, preparing for his r.-election in 1832, was advised to assume the ground of opposition to the renewal of the charter of the United States Bank, and being assisted and supported in that view, through finaneia! joatousy, | by most of the State banks throughont the country, ho easily achieved w signal trium his re elon | tion in IS82, against all tho forse and ’ } the whige, th 19 j a 0 0 £ Og Most bin i n t ° mn tw a ” now began in earnes: General Jackson was ate President 92 ond ¢ an ovor wbeliniog wae jority, having ». Qcsiaied in that ensounte mort of the Stave banks s* that ti ne.'n oxtetonce ia the country,and by the grout ccmmer:.al aud daswial 0, b Mr. Vau Buren was siderable majority, in opposition to three or four epposing candidates. In 1837, however, an évent took place which, in its culmniations, changed the whole character of political partics, and gave a new direction to political events. Soarce- ly bad Mr. Van Buren taken his seat in the White Hose, when the overburdened and inflated paper system which had beenenoouraged during the pre- vious eight years, by both the great parties of tho countrge—the one aiding the State Banks, and tho other fhe United States Bank—fell through, and brought upon the country and the world, with as- tounding force, the terrible revulsion of 1837. From that moment commenced the reaction in the ranks of the demoeracy in this city and in this State, which increased every year up to the Presidw- tial election of 1840, when Mr. Van Buren was defeated by an overwhelming majority throughout the Union. Every one may remember the move- ment begun by a large portion of the democracy of this city— designated conservatives— which spread for several years, arising entirely on financial quostions andthe disapprobation of Mr. Van Buren’s finan- cial policy. This movement was the cause of al! the changes in the political action of the two parties up to 1840. The policy of General Harrison weighed as nothing in the midst of the com- mercial and secial success which had combined in opposition to the policy of Mr. Van Buren, through all tbe commercial States, and which ultimately overwhelmed him in the election of 1840. Commercial and financial disasters, supposed to have been occasioned by the democratic policy of Mr. Van Buren, caused the reaction throughout the country which gave the whig party the formidable triumph it attained in 1840. It is a mistake to sup- pose that the military popularity of General Har- rison bad anything to do with such a complicated result. Those causes however, which had been ac- cumulating and increasing from 1838 up to 1840, im mediately disappeared in the election of 1841, when the democrats throughout the country again at- tained a mojority—although to a less extent than proviously—in all the Southern States. The organi- zation of the democrats has always been more com- plete, as a political party, than that of the whigs; and accordingly, during the years 1811-2-3, they gradually increased their forees and power. Bat during those years, a new clement began to appear in the elections in the Northern States, where it has operated to a vast and remarkable extent ever since. We allude to the agitation of the Southern slavery question, begun originally in Boston and Now York by certain abolitionists, about twenty years ago But this element had not assumed any form of moment in the election, nor attempted any politica) action, until 1840 and 1842. During the years in- tervening between the election of General Harrison and that of Mr. Polk, the democratic party, as com pared with the whig party, showed a manifest mu jority throughout the Union. But tho abolitionist: began at the same time to indicate and to incr their strength at each succeeding election, till thoy had reached over sixty-two thousand in the Pres dential election of 1844, and by such a deduction from the whig forces, gave the Presidency to Mr Polk, in opposition to Mr. Clay. The moasuros and principles agitated by the two parties wor +till nominally the same, although tho tariff, the bank, and internal improvements, had become in ¢ great measure mere shadows of distinction betweon them. In the great contest of 1814, a new cle ment had been thrown into the caavass, and that wasthe annexation of Texas. By some singula: coincidence of thought and ac'ion, Mr. Van Buren who had been a candidate—and the principal one thought of in the democratic party—had taken the game ground on thia question which had been adopt- ed by Mr. Clay on the whig side. On the meeting of the democratic convention, the position of Mr Van Buren, in opposition to the acquisition of Texas, was made one of the strongest argumente against him, and overwhelmed him with the Southern delo- gates. Mr. Polk was therefore nominated, princi- pally on the ground of favoring the annexationist policy, and was supported by the Southern States, including, also, the democratic States of the North Yet the contest wasa very close one, and but for the new disturbing element of abolitionism, which abstracted a large vote from the whig party in New York, it is highly probable that Mr. Clay would have been elected President at that period. We now approach the Presidential election of 1813, in which the whigs again availed themselves of u military man as their candidate, in the person of Gen. Taylor. For some years past the democratic party still held its own in the several States, with the single exception of the year 1847, in which the aggregate vote of the whigs somewhat exceeded the aggregate popular vote of the democrats throughout the country. But at that time, the abolitionist vote gradually began toincrease; the election of 1848 came on, in which Gen. Cuss was the democratic can- didate, and Gen. Taylor the whig candidate. Mr. Van Buren, of New York, and his friends, had concluded upon receiaing tks nomination, in the convention of 1848, in consequence of thair submitting to the defeat of their expectations in 1814, and of the sup- port which they then gave to Mr. Polk. They were disappointed again, and they now resolved on satis- faction. Mr. Van Buren accordingly created a great defection in the democracy, by joining with the abolitionists on the general question of free soilism. In that election the free soil party ab- stracted nearly three hundred thousand votes, prin- cipally from the democratic party, through the influ ence of Mr. Van Buren and his friends in the State of New York. This defection and bolt caused the defeat of the democrats and thoir candidate in 1848, But for this groat move- ment of Van Buren, in opposition to the principles of his whole life, and contrary to the expectation of his Southern friends, General Taylor, with all his military popularity, never could have been elected President of the United States. In every contest ip this country, in which the Prosidency is involved, it will be seen that the principles by which it has been decided have been something deeper, wider spread, and altogether of a different character from that of mere military availability. Gon. Jackson, defeated in 1824, was elected in 1828 by a combination of the democratic factions under his name. Gen. Harrison, defeated in 1836, was elected overwhelmingly in 1840, by a combination of social, commercial, and financial causes, operating against Mr. Van Buron in that year; and Gen. Taylor, with more military popularity than either of the preceding candidates, was barely elected to the Presidency in 1848, by the defection of Mr. Van Buren and his friends, combined with the abolition vote of the Northern States. It is evident, therefore, that more military popn- larity is by no means available against deep and radical political, social, commercial, and financial causes actuating for 3 previously, and culmi- nating at particular periods of history. Tho State elections subsequently to 1s up to the present timo are curious, and instruct sanse they como, at this period, home to on During the Inst four yoo yh Union the demoer strength, its power, i 3 while the whigs and tho ebolitionivts, or free soilers, gaffered gradual diminution. In » remarkwble ex- tent has this country been prosperous and successful since the termination of the Mexicen war. This motropelisand the whole Union, by the accession of over, and ite p the gold importations from California, have been evjoying ® reason of prosperity far beyond that which prevailed in the interval between 1832 and 1836, and in its magnitude startling to the world. The commercia) prosperity of the country hasalways produced an apsthy in respect to its politics and its politicians. Although the voting population has increased each year, yet it is very evident that the | number of those who visit the polls at exch suc | ceeding election has not inereased in the same ratio. ‘This does not. arise from the absolute want of aug- mentation in the voters, but from the absenoe of ali enthuslasm, and want of excitement, in the masses, and the utter impossibility of tho mere office -seekers and politicians interesting those whe are doing well | in the world, and prospering, without politics. The elections of the present year, particularly since tho | nomination of the several Presidential candidates, must be considered the premonicory symptoms of | the results which will be produced by tho voting of | next November. Now, we would particularly refer our readers to the elections, recorded in our tables, together with the estimates founded on the figures which we make of the probable results ef the present con- test for the Presidency. The estimated result of the contest between Soott and Pierce, founded on the facts of all the previous elections, is perfectly startling. We cam hardly credit it while we sot it down; yet it is as accurately calculated as any pre- eeding election result that has taken place for tho last thirty years. The defeat of Mr. Van Buren in 1840, was pre- figured by the democratic defeats of 1833 and 1839; the triumph of Polk in 1844 was foretold by the gradual triumphs in the democratic State eleetions during the previous three years; the great demorali zation of the whig party was typified by the con- flicts between President Tyler and Mr. Clay; and the triumph of Gen. Taylor in 1848 was indicated in the defeat of the democrats in the State elections in the preceding year. According to all these incontestible facts, fur- nished by the history of the past, we must arrive at the inevitable conclusion that Gen. Pierce will be elected in the election of next month, by an ovcr- whelming majority. Every State election for the last three years, up to the recent elections since the nominations have been made, has invariably pointed out the gradual! increase and re-union of the democrats, as well as the decrease in power and the demoralization of the whig party throughout the Union. At this moment no sensible man can place any dependence on newspaper assertions, 2p- pearing in any of the partisan journals on either side, and least of all om tke boasting of the orators and spouters who are perambulating the country, and disgracing themselves and their cause by every species of vulgar and personal vitupe- ratior. The figures which we give in this tavle today, cannot lie, and they give assurance, beyond any possibility of doubt, of the per fect union and strength of the modorn demo. cracy, at the coming election, in opposition to the demoralization and division of the modern whig party. There is hardly a general principle or mea- sure in contest between them ; both parties have adopted a platform similar in character and color. There is, however, more confidence placed by the Southern States in the promises and pledges of the democrate, under Pierce, than there is in those of the whigs, headed by Gen. Scott and steered by Wm. H. Seward. The new born zeal of the Van Burens of this State, in favor of Pierce, does not even seem to detract from or lessen the confidence which the South places in the sound constitutional principles of the Northera democrats. The Van Buren free soil difficulty in 1848 wasa sudden and personal movement, contrary to the principles of his whole life, and repented cf as soon as por- petrated. Wm. H. Seward’s principles of aboli- tion are at the foundation of his career, his rise in public life, and his hopes for the future. Hence tis that the Suuthern States, and those who are in favor of the constitutional union of this great re- public, have moro confidence in tho integrity of the democracy on these points, at this crisis, than in that of the whig party. Such are the general views with which we ac. company these important 2nd valuable tables of election results for the past thirty years. According to all rational conclusions, founded on facts and on natural inferences, it would appear that General Scott has not the slightest chance of reaching the Presidency, and that all the military popularity at- tributed to him is an utter and unquelified absurdity inthe history of politics in this country. Our elec- tions have been decided by other causes and springs than those arising from military popularity, and even the military renown of Jackson, Harrison, ami Taylor would never have elevated any of them to the Presidency without the combination of other political, social, commercial, and financial causos concurring in those particular times and junctures. The free soil vote, beroft of its Van Buren influence, which gave it a factitious importance in 1848, will be reduced to its natural dimensions. The contest will be similar in its gene- ral features and character to those which have marked the history of the country for the last twelve years ; but it will be tho last contest between the democratic and whig parties under ese particular appellations. Ifthe democratic party be trium- phant—as every figure seems to indicate it will—the whig party will efnk into total extinction. Hereaftcr it will be ruled in conjunction with the abolition section, and William H. Seward, defeated in carry- ing General Scott into the Presidency, twill fall back on his original principlos of agitation, abolitionism, and demagoguiem, out of which be sprang, and by which ho has reached his present position Who is to be the next President? The figures of thirty years past indieate that General Pierce, by the present combination and complication of par ties, will be elected President over General Soott, by a probable plurality of winety three thousand votes in the several States, and one hundred and eighty-two electoral votes im the Union. Tue Steamboat CaLamities—InpIcrMENT oF THE REINDEER.— We perceive that the United State, District Grand Jary have found « bill of indictment for manslaughter, against the captain and engineer of the steamboat Reindeer, for the explosion of her boiler, on the 4th of September last, by which so many human beings were launched into oternity, and some of them after the endurance of the most hideous torture that can be conceived. This make fome amends for the silly verdict of the Coroner's Jury at Malden. Woe trust, howover, that the ease will not end hore, like so many other cases of a similar nature that have evaporated in smoke In the case of the Atlantic, on Lake Erie, no ac- tive step has been, as yet, taken to bring the of- fenders to justice, and it is just as bad a case asany that bas occurred, on the part of the managers of the boat, while tho loss of life was more cala- mitous. Justice, we fear, alumbors so deeply on the shores of Lake Erie, that there is no pos sibility of waking her up. In the case of the Henry Clay calamity, nothing has been, as yet, done, though we are not without hope that the day of retribution will oome at last. Upon an application to the Judge of the United States District Court, yesterday, the caso was transferred to the United States Circuit Court, where two Judges, instead of one, will try it; but the effect of this transfer is to ve off the trial probably till November. We not adyooates of hasty justice. We desire to seo 4 fair tial given to every man who is ascused, and mple time to prepare it. The operations of jus- ‘ t to be slow, deliberate, and dignified; but sure, and not so tardy that ver overtuko their object, like the move- of the District Attorney of New York, in refo- to the rowdies, some of whom he never indicts atall, and others, thongh they are indicted, and the bills of indictment found by the Grand Jury, are never brought to trial, and the cases aro forgo! til] some other rowdies disgrace the city; and then ght, also to be a | eratie Republican cone & momentary fuss is made, which soon relapses into quictude again—and that is the last wo hear of the indictments. We do trust, for the honor of tho eouniry, and for the sake of the character of the ad- ministration of justice, that » similar fate is not re- served for the indictments in the oases of the steam- boats Reindeer and Henry Clay. Military Interference in Politics. On the arrival of General Harney, U.S. A., a few days ago, in this city, the Democratic Republi- can Young Men’s General Committee were desirous What be should address & meeting, on the Presiden- tial question, at Tammany Hall. The following correspondence shows the result of the request they made to the General to that effect :— } Tammany Hatt, New York, September 28, Be if Genenat—The Corresponding Committee yO = ts Men’s — gprs for the City and County of New Yor! your ar- rival eet authorized. in bebalf of the Young Men's General Committee. and of the people they represent, to imvite you to meet and address the democratic citizens of New York. on Monday evening Octoner 4, at Tam. many Hall, on the occasion of the grand democratic torch ies procesrion. ‘he distinguished services you have rendered the coun- try. especially in the recent just war aguinst Mexivo, in which you established for yourself aud the American arms an indelible fame. and your known devotion to the icy and princtples which mark the democratic party ite opponents. are understood and appreciated by the democracy of this city, aud it would, therefore, af ford.them the highest gratification to meet and greet you within the walle of the * Old Wigwam.”” With great esteem, your feliow-citizens, ULYSSES D FREN WILLIAM MONTE! CHARLES A. MAY, | Correspond JOBN WILSON, ing Com ‘AT. GALLAGHER, mittee, JOHN B. KELLY, J. B BRECKINRIDGE, To Gen, Wm. 8. Harney, U. 8. Army, Astor House. Aston House. New York, Sept. 30, 1852, Genttemrx-rl ackvowledge the receipt cf yours, in- viting me to meet and address the democratic republican electors of the city of New York. at Tammany Hall. This mark of your remembrance I fully aud deeply ap- preciate, Itis adistinetion unexpected as undeserved, I must, howeter decline the honor intended, and, in doing 80, feel myself compelled, from the high respect I hold tor you and the democratic masses ‘Ae Tepresent, to ‘ive you, in all fiankners, the reason which governs me. White holding # commission ip the army of the United Btates, I have always fcom a sense of propriety, withheld apy active participation in political contests Lyield no right which appertains to an American citizen, when I say that I never will, while holding a military po-ition, enter m tuch contoveries. My vocation is ut the bidding of the constitutional authority—to assist in repelling for? eign invasion—to maintain the honor and dignity of the country, here or in a foreign laud—to do alt things which. Congress and the Commander-in-cliet have a right to im- pose upon me, The people of this country are in- Btinctively jelous of avy combination of military in- fluences to dontrol political affairs The powers of the constitution mxde the military subor- dinate to the «civil: power. They have not, to be sure, restricted any military man from the exer- cise of rights belonging to any viher citizen; but I deem any active interference on my part, while holding my commission, a8 2 military impropriety; such interference being repugnant to the general sentiment, and in conflict with thet stern republican prejudice which our paople have imbibed from their fathers, and which, I trust, will never be eradicated Thave no hesitation in saying. however, that did I not feel as I do upon .shis matter of military interference in political sffairs. it would have afforded me the highest fatisfaction to haye met my feliow-citizens at Tammany Hall—a pd pes | consecrated to liberty, and renowned for the wise aud patriotic prine ples which resound within ite walls, In war the party which has made that its temple, has uttered malediction# against the country’s enemtes, and sustained the national tonor and dignity. In peace that policy based upon freedom of trade, the disconnec- tion of government from incorporated paper mopey mo nopolies. the integrity of the States to the Union and the Union to the States, has bei policy of Tammany Hall. In a word, its een . Which has been the democratic progressive ent, has ever been my senti ment; snd could tiny conscience permit me to lay aside the scrupie which mterdiets me from an active participa tion in the coming Presidential contest, there is no build. ing in the Union where I would rather promuige the de- yotion I entertain tor the principles of the democratic party. and bear testimony to the statexmanlike ebility, the political orthodoxy. und the noble. generous, brave and galiant character ‘of Franklin Pierce. of New Hamp shire. who has been felected as its standard bearer. I have the honor to be, your fellow citizen, Wm. 8, RARNEY, Col. 2¢ Drogoons and Brev't Brig. Gen. U. 8. A. To Liysses D. drench, Eeq, &¢,, &€., Corresponding Committee, Tawmany Hail. The principle en which the gallant soldier do- clines to take that active part in the Presidential struggle, which his friends wished to impose on him, is one equally honorable to himself, and to the service of whieh he is a distinguished ornament. General Harney has well characterised the genius of this country, in saying that the American people are jeslous of any militery interference in their po- litical concerns, The constitution of society anong us is such, that the only quarter from which our liberty can be assailed is the army. Therefore it is that the spirit of our internal policy inclines us to restrict military men to the exercise of their talents in their peculiar vocation; therefore do we look with disfavor on a soldier who strives to raise him- self, by a political Jadder, to an eminence where his military power may possibly become dangerous to the State. Ifa mero politician conspires against our liberties, he is quickly hurled back to the ob- security which gave bim birth; but it is by no means such an easy matter to got rid of an ambi- tious ard successful general. . No one who reads General Harney’s letter, can fail to draw ao comparison between the writer aad the ‘Commander-in-chief” of whom he speaks in terms of such honorable respect. While the stern republican virtue of the former forbids him even to. addrees a mecting at Tammany Hall, so as not to give the countenance of his example to a practice which may hereafter mi- litate against the liberties of his country, the latter is emulating Louis Napoleon, in an elec- tioneering tour through the States, and lowering the high ofiice of Commander-in-chief in the American army, to the same level with a petty/post in the cus tom house. Blind to the degrading effect of such a hunt for popularity, our greatest living soldier is employing the same means of advancing his cause asthe miserable politicians who gain a living by slandering one candidate and fawning on the other. Neither a sense of his own dignity, nora respect for the rank he holds, nor any consideration of regard for the truly republican principles which are so well laid down in General Harney’s letter, can prevent General Seott from personally engaging inthe by no means honorable toils of a political canvass. Every morning brings us fresh accounts of his progress through the country: here he abuses his adversaries, there he modestly eulogizes himself; overywhore he is ready to make a sacrifice of his personal dignity for the guerdon of a yote. We had occasion, the other day, to notice his speech at Columbus, when, forget- ting that for tho nonce he had doffed the soldior’s uniform to appear in the part of an humble postu- lant and a courtier, he so blandly gave “ the lic di- rect’? to some half dozen political opponents. Yes terday he was in company with a variety of charla- tans of different callings, at a Kentucky fair, where, in the presence of some thirty or for'y thousand per- sons, he assured his hearers that ‘it was tho most agreeable incident of his life that be chanced tobe there at that time,” and was as profuse as usnal in professions of high esteem for his motley audience. To-morrow, he will ‘chance to be” somewhere else, where a crowd is assembled, and the Commander-in- cbief will again fraternise with Tom, Dick and Harry. He will again assure the farmers, and butch- ers, and bakers, and blacksmiths, and tavern- keepers, ¢ ulti quanti, “that it is vain for any sol- dier to lay claim to unusual distinction ameng men” such as those he addresses—will again “bo re- minded that ho is before citizens who excel all others, in their power of oratory and their able siatesmanlike qualities” and, hurried away by the excitement of his feelings, will in all probability again forget that horeea have no votes, and give way tothe impulsive burst of enthusiasm at the “ growth of cattle in the vicinity.” Tho butchers, bakers, &o , aforesaid, having thereupov made the air ring with shouty of applause wt thess compti- mente, tho sincerity of which no one can doubt for an instant, the caravan of the commander of the United States army will move on to somy other town or village, where Gen Beoit will once more “fee) it a proud thing for him, as well as for his as- rociates in arms, to stand boforo an assembly,’ bat little differing from the Just, And so on to the end of the chapter—or, in other words, till the month of November. We have already alluded to ono illustrious preco- dent for General Soott's canvassing tour. It ia quite in keeping with ‘the way they order things yp Franee” for Louis Napoleon to travel with pomp and noise, from one department to another, distri- buting speeches, stars and sausages on his way, anc} collecting in return pledges of votes, and promises of support if he gives the coup de grace to tha wretched caricature of a republic over which ho presides. General Soott has another illustrious model, in the eminent Emperor Souloque, of Hayti» who, with amiable condescension, is fond of as.o- ciating familiarly with his distinguished aubjee' +. and loves to— Sur un fine. pas d pas, Parcourir son royaume. But, however abstractly laudable the practices of these two great men may be, we doubt the propriciyy of their application to the circumstances of this country, unless it be in the single case of Billy Bow- legs, who, as everybody knows, is eminently euv- cessful in this peculiar method of gaining popularity . That a citizen, engaged in traie, or any other honest. vocation, and who, at the call of his country, lays down the pen, the beok, or the ledger, to take up the sword, should on that account be debarred from the full enjoyment of his civil und civic rights, cannot: be pretended by any; but few, we imagine, will approve of the conduct of un officer in the regular grmy, who, while holiing » commission im the United States service, and drawing pay regularly therefor, takes a leading part in political contests, and aspires to play the part of a successful dema- gogue at fairs. Such a course, to characterize it im the mildest language, is in excesdingly bad taste. Appointments forto-day. Grand Democratic Encompwent, Barbecue and brap dunce of Louisiana, to be held two days, in the town of Cliuton Detacetage coualy eneniiinn of wile, New York, te nominate a member ot ures and county officers, Musical convention, to he beid at Lynn, }.; for two days ‘Ahotition first annual celebration at Syracuse, of the rescue of Jerry, a ive sinve Movements about the Crystal Palace, We learn that the sperations of the Crystal Palace Company are going on steadily The mason work is more than half done—the iro contracts are principally made—and it is expected tha! the chief part of the cast- ings will be delivered from the Ist to the 15th of Decem- ber, The inauguration of the first column will probably take place about ibe 1th of October, There is some talk of ® fresh issue of +!ce\ to the amount of $50,000, the capital of $200.000 being full, and the charter author- izing the directors to increase it to $300,000, The direc- tors have just issued the following circular, which ap- pears to be addressed to the house here engaged in the im- portation of foreign goods. ‘this is a very judicious move; it states distinctly that the Crystal Palace is to be con- fined to the objects of exhibition alone. and is ealoulated. to allay the jealousy which might otherwise be felt by. our city people engaged in the wholesale and retail trade. It would not do to have the Reservoir Square Building turned into a grat shop for the sale of goods, or for the company to have any interest, direct or indirect, inthe sales. This the directors have perceived; amd as the matter now stardr ins.ead of running foul of all the established houses of the city, they have wisely enough enlisted their interest on the side of the exhibition, for every person that comes to New York to see it must, without fail, pay toll to some one or more of the Broad- way sbopkeepers, Herw is the circular:— Orrick OF THE Association ¥OR THE Exninition Y OF THe InvustaY OF ALL NaTions, New Yorx. Sept. 28, 1862 J Gentlemen-—I addrees you im behalf of the Association for the Exhibition of the Ludustry of All Nations. for the purpose of -ecuripg your co-operation in the objects of the enterprise. ‘The building on Reservoir square isin such a state of forwarduess, #nd the ireu work isso far advanced, that we are able, with entire c mtidence. to repeat to you the assurance already Ve to the public. that the Exhibition will take place in May of the year 1853 In order to give our enterprise toat publicity in Europe which is estential to its success, and at the same time to secure oder and uniformity to our operations, we have appointed as our sole agent Mr. Charles Bu-ehek, of No. 6 Charing Cross, London who has been long domiciled in- Engiand. and whose experience as one of the eommission- ere Of the great London Exhibition of 1851. as well as his social position, capacity, and character. furnishes the most ample guarantee that the work entrusted to him will be thoroughly done We now address you for the purpose of eal!ing your particular attention to the subject, and of inviting your assistance in such manner as shall seem most practicable to you, after our general objects and wishes are stated. Ve have already reovived from all the auchorities in this country, whether municipal, State, or federal, every aidand encouragement iu ther power to give, and we have been equally fortunate ia recuriwg the Strongest ex. pressions of sympathy and good will from the principal representatives of the Luropcan powers, Ve think, therefore, that we have every reason to expect manifestations of a rimilar spirit from gentlemen as intimately familiar as you are with the condition and wants of both hemispberes, and to whom the interests of neither can be indillerent. We believe it to be unneces- sary to use any elaborate arguments to persuade you that. an Exhibition of this kind. it made what it ought to be, cannot be productive of ocher than the best results to the commerce and peace of the world. We are equally satisfied that your position here must make you wish that it should succeed. and that your sti i associations and ties must also render you desirous that the industry of the Old World should be fally represented. But in ndui.ion to the gencral interest, which, we have no doubt, as sctive men and spizited citizens you will feel im the general objects of the enterprise your position gives you # clearinducewent to take such'steps as will give the fullest developement to our operations, Desircus not to avail ourrelves in apy undue way of ite corporate facilities. this association has. from the ‘outset, avowed its determination to baye nothing whatever to do With the sue cf articles exbibited—we oo not intend in the tlightest degree. to interfere with the legitimate occupations and interests of either the retail deaiers or importers «four ei y In order tbat we “may know precisely the relative ex- tent of room required by European and’ American indus- try, itis esscntial that all applications for space be ar- ranged with Mr. Buschek; and as this association ad- Yaneer the freight ani in-urance on goods sent from Europe, (to be refunded in case of witndrawal,) it is equally indispensable tbat, if foreign exhibitors wish to avail them: of this udveatage, the time, mode, and terms of forwarding, be al-o arranged with him, Me. Bu:ehek is our general and sole agent for the purpose of fecuring the co operation of European manafaccurers, and of setting the necessary details in relation thereto: but the whole matter of ecnsizmment and disposition of the gocds i: left, where it belongs. to the regalar industry ofour citizens; and it is plaia that just so far as our s just ro far the business relations of Our Px opte Will be extended and their interests promoted. Tiaving already. in our ral circular, requested all exhibitors to neme an agent for the receipt of their goods when withdrawn from the exhibition. it remains with them. of cour/e. to select their own eonsignee, We toke the jiteriy of enclosing @ copy of our general Plospectus. which we contirm in all particulars. and which we will furn: b you in French or in any language that JOU Wey deire; and onr iinmediate request is, that you Will have the goodners to call the attention of your cor- respondents to the enterprise, and impress on them the importance of availing themselves of this opportunity for- the exhibition of the products ot their industry, If there isany rmode io which we can Reve your 60 operation we be most happy to know ig Ags we aie desirous to know how far the views contained in this communication meet with your concurrence, we shall be greatiy obliged by the favor of a reply. [have the honor to be, gentiemen, with grant respect, your obed't serv't, THEODORE SEDQWICK. Pres’t. Court Cateader—This Day,, Surrrate Covatr—Cincurr— Nos, 581, 643, 627, 636, 107, 566, 688 to 646. 3 To the Public. nt cxtraordiuary decision of Inder Ori at Trent fused to give me a trial by jury, thombelves con questions of fa iM the advice of all my Ye appealed to The a cision, it will by at Washington, ne W on the exp usually allowed to citizens, vi for trial before the same court. 1 mony on wh ar’ to be faston= ed ns @ perma’ has never yet been Inia b 1 tostimony on which I rely, oe used, before any court, Under these cireumstances, it is but just to mo that a full and trie op be afforded, before my rights ary torn fro pendous power of Chancery. The dogree of its exercise in this cave would seem to be opening m new era or the reflection of freemen, the following extract from the argumend Choate: there has never been adjudt- Jaw, under circumstances like: 1 hearing has hoon here to say th cated a case reported in th these, on which an injuni ordered hy the Court; ted caso—not one! And we live under the t ndved and sixtieth year of the chancery of England, and under the sixtieth or soventioth ear of our own. TH beon innumerable objections 1 have called to my ail the jaintiff; I have addressed ciaces, and bestowed on tine and as much eapacity of ro- myself to tho learning of my the investigation as much omaibility under wh: adjudicated against To the ab time, commend! notice of my friends, with no little solace, at thie. riticism of the bar, and the n generally. HORACE H. DAY. om t and froome Rich Curtain Materials, MON & HART, 241 Bron steamer, a beautiful aveor nto ain wn goods, of entirely wew patterns, to whieh they iny: ons w atyles.—Solo- ust received, per 4 upholate ite publio French Slippers, Galte Children’s Shoes, &e.— CAN teanx, for many yeors 4 fanh now ishing the mont ¢ 5 the lowest cash prices, quality and make of his Gaiters jen, Be. be eur] f y Say, Hee way ey tN while 3 hoon judiciously placed at least twon' re demanded at such patablishmente Cor similae ho wish to study economy, oan ‘antrell, while ean ad it by dealing with tu Great Jones trees,