The New York Herald Newspaper, June 9, 1852, Page 6

ree - ORIGINAL ARTICLIBS. inereased to 10,000 francs to Dag The Art of Photorrsphy—Its Wonderfal rogress. whet, + country, and especially in this city, noes it high among those arts is lwith the beautiful; and it | the latter process of M. Daguerre, f that cembine the vretul w rm is pow estab nt business, in which | ges of the camera obscura. f money is invested and a very | ments of Daguerre might Lave gon a very : large number of artists employed. The number of | known, as all bis plans and ay + city is about one hundred, | by an sccidental fire. | and the ave: cr of pictures taken amounts Before the plan of Dagee to about one tLousa:d dil The amount of eapi- | Talbot, in England, had published tal embarked in th partments of the art, | pictures on paper—no throughout the U estimated at four | This is even now preferred by son millions of do! | process of Dagnerre, and they ce pleyed in manufa It day i y | more into use. It ts called Talb: and in other ways i : | In America, also, Mr. Wattles, b | establishments in pur ted States, vs. The number of persons em- i eriuls for the pictures, th the business, i eve yet supersede country, is abou ( This may appear ine! La ‘i ble to those unzeqnuinied with the progress und ox- | tion of cither plan, displayed very tent of the tr our information is from the | @ndsome zealous Ame an arth most nuthentic sources, aud may be relied on as ac- priority of invention both over French. However that may bo, 0: that the art made rapid prog: and has now attained a degree eur To trace the p dawn to its prosent and instructive. ‘I graphy are genera!ly the Frenchman, Daguecrre. to be the inventor of tie art, but who on vered before—to nas placed the art vasis. Others had , and somo ing land- but Da- | continually introduced,» erof the art, and so | at length hiy finished w art itself called | guerreneverdreamedof Amongt hotography--which | is the process of gil or enam ; transparent coating of the solut on also | Sold is laid on the picture afte Dacuerre himself called it | giving it durability, and proservi i ired by the elements. Mr. art from its rst | ion is both curious s produced by photo aorteotypes, from vho is supposed by many reduced | method. Mr. M. B. Brady, of this city, mention, for he was amoung the fi practised the art in this couatry, ite prineiples—which were d such a state of p Upon ® permanent and wu known the science aud | heory of bad m seapes and portraits b. guerre was tbe first ¢ ear n. I strengthened with its st do practical } and the term means eng phote applied to the art; » heliography—the art of sun. All these u a idea-light enie—created ithe rs hy the ve of the nee of } in this count eat principles were dig- | the Annual In 1341, he rece ‘air of the Ameri wo or three k f these pri ciples was discovered two centu- he received the first gold medal Seapolitan, who foand that | the Institute to Daguerrtotypes it } through a small eircular | Inthe same year, he brought ou Lthe objects outside, | of General Taylor and his ctod through thia apor- | artist great houor. He bas opposite wall, just as | tableau of President Poll and f light to the are | portraits of ('resideat Fillmore nid that by the appli- | The branch of his establisim gave him the facility of gotti red years ago ries ago by Porta, if light were a aperture into a from which ray ture, would be painied on all tho objects r painted on the roti ation of alens to the aperture tralizing, avd cond became wonderf discovery quainted with that art might trace the object painted upon a white card pliced within the focus 8 tho glass in a dark chimber. Mere is the first idea | of the instrument of Daguerre. Thisis the rade camera chscura, which has s become so powerful creasing, cen- | in the country. Ue the jf great mon, now dead, and wi except by copy from his or aniong the first to introduce taking Daguerrean portrait eminently successful in the novel t. Porta applied this | his collection by \ eture of lenses. The the image thus im- | exquisitely, that while they p by improve great de pressed, and make iti nescent ag an image in long as the object was before it Daguerro sueceeded in fixing it by the appli of another principle, discovered more than threo hundred years ago prinsiple is that the rays | of the aun, under given couditions, will Jeave a black | Jet apy one call at Mr 4 | collection thar obiaived thi very ig curious, and bears | ot be surprised | discovery of Chris | soft | eratum Wo metrical precision of the art mirror, only remaining as | exhibit at the same time th Niepce and | of highly finished min World’s Fair, in London, M prize for the best D: rreot lible, for it was as eva- jon | prtain sub mark vy The origin of this d a remarkable aualogy rColumbus Th with the ide ¢ by the west, and li what was far betier-—Aw in the middle ages, in thei elixir vite, the trans: foundation of tie valuch! s of an oil is inti art hb the East Indies | state in this coun the Bast Iudies, but | working in the way that Ame 1. The alchemists, | or ten years ago. They still ‘or tha | machinery is used here, and ast of Gonva set ont that | s sear of the ar zg stune, inid the | tr ence of chemistry. | though the birth pl al- | state compared with its Aydin auuiti A had tt i | grado the art by muking it'me transparency of horn, but the fusibility aud soft. | stead of an art ef ta ness of wax. If exjosed to tho light Violet, and by the continuod action camo nearly black. This was lunar it isnow called, salis of sily nitrate of silver Cover a ovating of this subs’ lens, tho form of some ot the parts co » will chang: dark color, while the rest of the paper will remain | of the sun, but to pa white. Place an egraving, done apon semi | Parent paper, upou the paper coated with chloride of | arrive at ove silver, 1 «© both tot "s rays, with the | tho art now it is only engraving uppermost, and that part of the prepared | mysteriesare not all revealed, paper covered by the outline of tho engraviag wil] | hidden charms to reward those remain white, it chang su ‘rail ito | | it be esses Are EXCCL rhere in the world. There i uc | which is anid to be pay a! this Stu » by means of a 1 that ht eb which he has r mparting the color the same time that the imng n the paper, red by the fi nt by its beli th rans- | of nature i The great utility of This is called the ne- | be developed. At first, painte mpres gative proof, be white; but b, paper, aud sing thi gain sul proof over the sensitive | cog: both to the netion of | ing, be duced, the object being | which n now dark, and the rest of the paper ¥ The alchemisis were too busy in the the philosophor’s stone, and other vision to turn this impo t discovery count, and it was reserved for modern science to | Emperor of Russia, who bring it to the perfec most exquisite of arts. A Frenchman many years | mond These pictur: ago succeeded in obtaining black profile portraits; | the exhibition of all natior but his secret died with him. Wedgwood, an Eng- | competing with the e er, lishman, the celebrated improver of the ianufac- | daguerreotye work exhibiting ture of porcelain, was the next to challenge | ancient buildings of classic public attention in councetion with this art. Ho | ‘Monumental Italy,” and is pr was desirous of obtaining, on paper conted with ni- | He has opened with the city o trate of silver, repres | i and of engravings, f assisting it, and oc er could have beer For instance, what painter coul rsuit of | curate repres objects, | find that M. Claudet t to practical ac- | his pottery; but he failed, the | Towe Journal of the Royal Institution, in 1802. Sir H. | of the architecture of Florence Davy also made experiments, but did not appear to | plated to copy the millions uf be more successful. Neither could prevent the bor- | hieroglyphics which cover the me + ders of their drawings from becoming black, nor | Memphis, and Carnac. A sin eould their pictures be exumined in broad daylight, | Legions of painters would take for as soon as expoved to the sun’s rays, the whole | accomplish such a work, ond after all would fail the paper began to assume one uniform dark | in equalling the fidelity of the poncil of light. The tinge. After these imperfect results, nothing was | beautiful view of the city of San Francisco and its attemptod, or at all events attained, until Niepee | bay, at Brady's gallery, gives a and Daguerre, by their researches and labors, re- | be done bh moved evory obstacle, and established the art upon a lasting foundation, leaving the superstructure to | reotype, in ne limit to the extent be improved, beautified, and adorned, by future pictures are now taken on a variety of substances—~ is ; plated copper, steel, glass, ivory, paper, and Niepee was a retired man of business, who do- | porcelain—and other substances will be added by the artists. ailve voted his leisure to scientific pursuits; and his first | inventive genius of the age. experiments in photography, or making permanent process will improve the taste o marks by means of light, were made in 1814. The give them a truer appreciation of the fine arts than earliest works of Daguerre were not effected till | any other invention that has the purchase money of the invention, and the French government gave it freely to the world on the 19th of the agreement, a2 “the process of M. Niepce, fen., with the improvements of M. Daguerre, snd How far the impreve- atus were destroyed He is now dead. unequalled either in France or Ea Morse and Mr. Draper, of New Yo to tuke living portraits with succe emarch of Daguerreotype im als. Mr. has !ately introduced on ivory, W Lighly for this department of Americar ts taken here for one there. tion in the greater skill th on on it will be | and cried it down. But the great artists have re_ lit—not as interfering with the art of paint- views of the grand exhibition, and se 30 pleased th: ion of one of the finest and | the artist a flattering letter, and a mugni give a complete tations of church windows, | gives a correct representation of “the Leaning which painters have failed to do. Two | images being too fuint. His paper appeared in the | other engravings of the number give representations | ; | month is paid to their families for subsistenee, and the amount deducted from their wages. The usual 4,000 francs a year. Tho ponsion was afterwards | THE uerre. This waa for fixing the ima- ne on can never be La plan of taking r—not metal—by means of light mo artists to the mtend that it will coming more and pe, or calotypa. efore the publisn- y ingenious efforts, sts claim for him | js the and | 1e thing is 3 in this country, ion hero of perfe: by Daguerre’s | especial | fully | glod ns- deserr & who suc pmidst mi tonishment and incredulity, grow with its growthand provements were \ the rude pictures beeame ach as Da- hos@ improvements elling, by which 9 do of r it is completed, ng its beauty un- | Brady always led roveront jon of chlor ived a premium at ean Tnstituie, In 1845 and 1846 he also obtained prizos. In 1819, ever awarded by n the United States. t his argo picture able his Cabinet, and and hia Cabinet. nt at Washington tho portraits of the light—the images | nearly all the distinguished men in the nation, and far exceeds that of any ott artist vortraits of several h cant gle in and be has beea f likenosses ho the sky 1 are painied so pe all the geo- of © beauty and tone intings. At the Pe rigans W manipy there oitw Chit rely moch noaent, photo; light the y hat it is possible to this perfection, and that bomutifal as yel in its infancy—its ill meny who diligently soak and it has st ing to jealous of it, reupying new gre taken by painters d have taken an ac- | ho sent dia dea of gene Piot is now and bringing out a the most celebrated Italy. He calis it ublighing it in pacts. of Pisa, in which he + Itis also contem- pon millions of the ounents of Thebes, gle man cam do it. s scores of years to n idea of what may furnishing pictures of this art. The The daguerreotype nited States. | SACKANE To me SPNATE AND Teannot permit the oficial relations wi i ato bof y dissolve inviting your | 5 i: Pee te ts Coole? Se ee etaes ‘i soe a it ste inhabitants of the country where it is atveumpted to | it- Cor oly’ As to me, to the welfure ofthe State. The vari i sts which hav to us must be protected, and the spi andenterprise which disting be encouraged h concern wust often arise, whi . ich © ‘comps i ution and e , pature end Shiela a The. sua ts pee ova | tracts whieh are opposed to the national policy and attention to important rapid and growth, tranquil to aoe th prevent the expert metal which they dig up and withou posed upon of Asint | as T am ass contracts te i vernment nal arms to pas offered iron rig weary im blo hosp it affects Europeans or of citizens und nor do I de of liberal of the U A question around which some doubt, is whether Asi: be admitted to the citizens in rantof the tion in the statutcs, 01 ligation which a it would be unwise to permit th ospecial than As become ing with ¢ this what disqualify them ure law. Tt ! tory, and have evir Bee! be indu people. thous master hi clothing 1 have highly int closing a dated * which the ping which caused by Glenlyon, ington 460, of the people, and preceded it. The 1826. Niepce knew at that time how to copy en- | moderate Price of a portrait placos within the reach gravings, to make shades correspond to shades and | ofall, pictures of themsclves and t heir friends, whose lights to lights, and he discovered what baffled accuracy no painter can rival, whi ii A 3 ile this wonderful Wedgwood and Davy—a mode of making his copies | discovery will enable future astiste to paint fie Sa insensible to the blacke he could only make copies. He could not create | the most eminent men of the pre: original pictures from nature. He could not trans- OTe RETR _ for the images of natural objects. He failed to ren- | __Tarnipav.—Frederick Bazice, Era der the dark marks produced by light sufficiently | Eyer at and Mineralogist, bad arr sent generation, .. & distinguished ved at Trinidad; the 7 object of his visi It wrong. Niepee found, by accident, that Daguerre | derciopemcnt of the ctcbrated Pint at th ote ge was pursuing the same inquiries as himself, and he | firmtiagit® ‘hove to whieh its use has hitherto tom formed a connection with him in 1826. The extent of the Pitch Lake is about 100 seres, of Daguerre, who was a painter of distinction, | Whick twenty-three were, some time by a number of most minute and patient re- tons of asphalt were ex) tg ew searches succeeded in perfecting and completing poof a England and the U; the discoveries of Niepee, and adding others A more ecient since, leased to the rl of Dun ; and in the ‘no less than Lema bfeth teh P nited States, where fly employed In the production of gaa, rary tifle know! of this bituminous trea- of bis own. By means of iodine, the vapor | #ure will doubtless lead to its adaptation to objects of cession, he fixed the image permanently on thesilver | of #0 valuable a production, may of mercury, and other chemicals used in suc. Tins etnied. ponoeanieg eens, bees entertained, and ponsese! , “emile thro plate, or, what proved to be better for his purpose, | {°pity, 2nd hope for the © good days coming” copper iy hts silver. Daguerre submitted his process to the French Chamber, and in the mean- 8 st on ase RORETARY or Utan.—Hon. time bis partner, Niepeo, died. But the son of | Tompkins, has been offered, a, Niepee succeeded to his father's rights, and the | Cépted,,the post of Secretary of brenel’Onamber grauted Lo BM. Daguores « ponsiog | Utah: fr life of 6,000 francs a year, and to M. | Unree yours since, wud will Li Li. epeesjun., ably. y ” vei “Pitch Lake,”"—=Tyinidad (Port Spain) Gazet , ord 18, B. it is sai as aon the Territory of Mr. F. was a member of the Legislature 8 WLW ONS Ciedite ment.”* ‘The letter enclosing the cireular from which the | legislation. The hist y ger eae is eae ine dated, ee Eransisoo, ¥ Povullan—is withous persia ee cuutoents D . 1852. @ writer says:—The Challenge, © he i 4 from Hong Kong, is in this morning; with a full is: Lewin tauretfeen toe ae of Chinese, frat w, Ch at over twent, be hired by Ch Thoy usually come Carolina, 571 Pxe To € asubject deeply ublic iutere ve action. is tide of As t assuming citizens. Lal ured, yw in our my am sel The gove » * the op) them an sire 10 see ed States our f rif they are em t Congress. possessing the e rm rule of natural g a free white p United States.” by eomply Of the constraction of an ahen fi whi is the do ‘cod a dizpo several of the ce mself, who acco: ell Cl from seven to eight hundred. Sho re- | is clear that we cannot n of that tern tify the hemsel SINGULAR CHINESE DOCUMENT. juge fei how Ta that ‘ <! The is deseri ii ivle Iston ef the Chinese— | ps Rete Tey | fe eda degree of impor- | of August, 1839. ‘The art is described in article] | Whe Proposed Karu Ge erteaan Gaoanlicn i one’ etiemel by shen Mesange of the Governor of Califoraims | preme Court of Louisiana, that the rule in regard ITY, oh past the period of infa s to become speedily one of the most POD. | aidarg incousistent with the good omer and solid | your dr and powerful sovereigniies of the Ameren | Frets of society, Ail such contracts, eventhough | sidered Tdocm it my daty to present | gyemavte. would bo beld void elsewhore or wt toast | mean by * nt wholesale importation to thi jon by them of the nd as is generally hol) for & torm ine tion of even Asiatics, would appear to co the long cherished and bea ‘ole which pervades the imposes to 6 them 1 fi vit i They come to neqire nm eortan | the authority of adjudged caves, thatthe yee A riads without any perceptible diminution of the | tax upon “ free white ate population | aud that vast numbers may | the Pukot aera , under contracts, to immigrate to a | sent instance, itis proposed cone country which they are told contains inexhaustable | believed, ear mines of gold and silver. Tho facilities afforded | upon, nor acquire the civil o thom for immigration are rapidly incroasing, nnd | citizens of the United States few vessels now enter our ports from Asintic | public health morel . countries which are not crowded with this peculiar | lieved that in this T have received intelligence from reliable~sources | pes that the average rate charged an Asiatic from By th China to California is forty dollars; that over two | that it h i tte brea ae En ade at San Mran- | there cisco, within the last few weeks, and that at least | this State, Imposi five thousand are now on their way hither, “l cleave it t8 yous ar i istaki On CLT Gane ey eee eaters mate Aye ito you, and to other tribuncisto de. | leney rather mistakingly calls us, is attended with | , 3 Tbe two companies of tho fourth artillery in Chark immigration from that port to California for 1852 y thousand, nearly all of whom will inese masters, to come here and col- | lect gold under the direction and control of the accompanies them, or an agent. toh elie ue ey, or more; a essel, however, recently arrived with one h 7 i = an bose tte whtle Meleunter tae Pu ree state of voluntary or involuntary servitude. man. <A practice has long existed in China of hir- ing coolies under contracts made there to work for a term of years in other countries. These coolies are Uhl ores eat home, with wages at ie rate of three to four dollars per month. 4} ituti hi i aieih ste inkneind coaaeuite atbne Sb to nr constitution which forbids the enactment of such dollar per month and food enough to sustain life, c cide aoe morning a letter from a teen ti igent merchant at Sen Franciseo, in- | St#rantees important commercial privi i minercial circular, issued by rt Bo prifloges, ao | bu iaeres ne on nton, (China) January 27th, 1 following extract is uade:— “The most remarkab been increasing for seme months past, and the following | _ Indeed, in view of the fact that in all the govern- | drays, steamboats, wa Vessels are now under engogement to take Chi 4 I i ‘ frigat Yersla aro now un cr eng een 10 take Chinese paagen ments of Europe and Asia, foreigners aro excluded | us. Some of us ‘ren: in tho papers the other day, | °"° Shoat tos now en the stocks taking they 400 tons; Blenheim. 689; Constant. 5: Henbury, 467; Land Cakes, 561; North i nme! Brahmin, 614; Kaen, 61s: Grace Moved, | Tetsined by the government to the exclusion even of | rican trade That 845; Osceola, 759; Rajasthan, 600; Robe | | their own citizens, it is not,eaay to beli i ith Chi fh B45; Oneela, 7604 yt ay 1000; bert Small, 610; 5 ony to believe’that the | wished with China as well as other countries; but it | land, viz. :— After ihe New Year holiday that a number of other vessels will tint’ rimilar employs It must be conceded that the extraordinary wants | faster you will get the Pemetes oar euntey,,tho | Commanders Dupont and Ringg LY OF CALTPORNIA \ hes our people must Iv this State questions of public the conviction a pr yrs capall awe, I desire to + ted States, b re im connection with ships recommended you to ennet, would not, of course, | your ships in preference to any we have to note. isthe employment of tonnage : mere emigration to California. This hy now residing in that country. everybody sees how actively pe Srenbehie ee? liveuane onde we seine ie ne 1| ge id + | j mueuiven aa ae = Koying, whe mada tl CELESTIALS IFORNIA : t Stato; and whatover is attributed te them according to hisedncation. iN Cal "| weer ‘< from comity and not of strict rights | treuty with Mr Cushing, was not only | our words carry in them to satisfy yon of the i At has grieved us that you should publish so bad the Emperor, but one of the most learned men ia | character of us, and we wish that you conld chan | rej otherwise he would not have been Go- | Your opinion, and® speak well of us to tho pabli tao, we doubt not, it is in | We do not deny that many Chinamen tell jigs. pnlightened countries. Butit | so do many Americans, even ia courts of j ree, » of your attainments to sup- | ut we have our courts, too, and our forms of oathm pose that you do not know a8 much about our pooplo | which are as sacredly respevted by our countrymen asyou de of yourown. — A | asotber nations respect theirs "We do not swear You speak of the Chinamen as “Coolies,” and | upon so many little oecagious as you do, and out in one sense the word is applicable to a groat meny | forms will sceim as ridiculous to you as yours do & not in that in whieh yyu seem to use | us when we first see them, You will smile whe? a Chinese word; it his beea | we tell you that on ordinary occasions an oath i} China from foreign parts, ay it bh _ atiested by burning @ piece of yellow paper, aud oy | scountry. What its origioal siguifica- | the move important ones by cutting olf che bead to the universil validity of contracts, have been | tion was, we do not know; but with us it means a | a cock; yet these are only forms, and eannot be classified by emine al authorities. Amoug | common laborer, and nothing era eethre never | groat importance, we would thinks Bat in tho | | those enumorated, ‘tracts to corrupt or evade |' known it used among us as a designation of a class, | Portaut matters we aro good men; wo hoaor our | eousim $3 and every indepeudent eommauity will and ought to mity ought to ex- | the | tend. The reasonable limitationis that it shall nob suffer prejudice by its comity.” Z 4 ta) will not be m to the untversal validity of contracts, ‘is subjoct ) only to the exception that the contract, to which | | nid’is required, should not, either in itself or in the jury to tho | of them; but April 23, 1 oh have means used to give it effect, work aa be enforced.” | imported i The eases which form an exesption to the rale, as | been into &: } Maird pe | theadue aduvinistration of justice; contrasts to cheat | such a6 you have in view—porsovs bound to labor | rents; we tuke care of our childrens we aro indus public agents, orto defeat the publie rights; eoa- | under epntracts, which they can be forcibly com- | trions and peaceablo; we trade umeh; we are teaste# n 4 pelled to comply with. The Trishmou wao aro ea- | for stall avd large sums; we pay our debis und a institutions; and, in short, all contracts which, in | gaged in diggmg down your hills, the mea who wn | honest; and of course must tell the truth Goo | their own nature, are founded in moral turpitad, | load ships, who clean your, streets, or evon drive | iuen cannot tell lies and be ignorant of tho did ys would, if they were in’ China, be con- | ence between the right and tho, wrong. Covhies;”’ tradesinen, meshepios of Pat ; We do net think much about your poll y might be held valid i # country where the: kind, and wasional men, would not. if you | helieve you are mistaken in supposin a they might be held valid in the country where they | kind, ottoa”" laber any of oir oountry- | has ever yet applied to be nneuralixed or bes eadatl + | ought to be, if tho dictates of Christian moratity, or | men in the mines are * Coolies,” avd many again | ed a domicil in the Unites States, except bere. Toor! sven of natural justice, are allowed to haye their | are not. ‘Phere areamong them tradesmen, mechan~ a Chinaman now in San Mrauciseo who is said. ty, ue force and iniluence in the adininistration of | ics, gentry (being persons of respectability, and who | bo a paturalized citizen, and to have a trop white international j enjoy a certain rank and privilege.) and schoolmas- | American wifo. Ho wears the American dross, ag | reasonable doubt t ters, who ckoned with the gentry, and with wy} is idered a man of respectability, Apd the the subjects of that empi by tbeir own country. | consider tuble class of people. None are | are, or were lately, we are imformed, Chiuamen men or by resident forenga or the performance of | “Coolies,” ifby that word mean bound your men or | siding in Boston, New York aud New Orlewas. * | Work and labor within the State of California, come | contract Ones aE» the privileges of your laws are open Lo us, some | within the class of ts hore enumerated 3 ox- The ship Challenge, of which you spoak in your | us will doubiless acquire your habits, your la ceptions to the rule to the universal | message as bringing over more than five hundred age, your ideas, your feelings, your morals, you § | validity of contracts question will form an | Cbinamen, did not bring over one who was under tas, and becomo citizens of your eountry—mas | appropriate subject for the consideration of vourts of | ‘* Cooly” contract to labor. Hab wa, who came in eady adopted your get in their own : law; but I cannot forbear to express the opinic her as agent for the oliarterers, one of the signers of and we will be good citizens. hore are very gor | bat such contr wut not to be recognized this letter, states to y iency that they were | Chinamen now in the country, and & botbor ely to work inthe mines | will, if allowed, come h —men of lenruial | | liar in their are pec’ 3 bab juarter of tho repay the enforced within the limits of this Stato, either upon | ¥ll passengers, and are gol ‘ ¢ " . the score of interoutional comity or law. ‘or themselves. J and wealth, bringing their es with them. iy or to cheek tho i arr If it be udmitted that tho introduction of one As cur countrymen coming over here to labor In concluding this le will only beg you ict with » | for 88 or $4 per month wages, it is unreasonableon | Lxeellency nov to } with wi, to tiaid Se undred thousand, or a Jess uumber of ** Cooli are oo) | ont and know us weil, ‘ o} r go- hs hear A re fac 7 x iti e ' " t poliey of our #" | into this State, under sich contracts with noa resis] thefhes of it, and itis nov erue. That atroag affee- | ont sad then we is opened is per | dolts, may endanger the public tranquility, and in- | tion which they have for their own country, which not command your Legislature tom a and it Cem . hem to return with the gold they dig, as | driving us out of your counizy. Let us stay heros induces juriously affect (ue interests of oar peopta, then we | i com, the | aye bound to adopt moueures to uvert such evils. [| you say, would prevent them from lea fhe Advrionnu are doing gooil to. us, and we Willa De 8 | therefore respecttully sulmit to your consideration homes for wages so little, if wt all bottor than th god to them } Bat sof Us Te. | Wo, als St could got there. ‘The Chinamen are indeed romar Your most humble servants, at icy, so far es | UTE Such an exercise of the taxing power by the | able fur their love of their country in a Has Wa, Sam Wo & Co. gli | of becoming | 5 ate aa will cl ssont system Of indicrimi- | Way. They gather together in clans fn d Long Actes, ‘Lox Wo & Go. no changes | te and unlin ‘ peighborboods, and ia some villages thero For the Chinamen in California, 2d, A demand, by the i tho | sane nisende of tho sume surname lock prompt interposition of Cov by the passage of | around the original family hou They honor Montgomery's Excavator. sraia | parents and generally with a respect hkor gion, and have the deepe lety to their descendants. To honor his purent IMPORTANT TO RALLROAD AND CANAL CONTRAOTORG GOLD DiC ) CONTRACTOKE FOR REMOg, ING SHOALS AND SANDBARS IN RIVERS AND HA) ting * Co 8, feom labo: * shipped t n the mines of Con un act p under contra: the great State, With the e . ‘het, + would have the clear right to. interpose duty of the son, A Chinese proverb rans somewhat pig: ai giirds as in their wisdom might be deeme pian Side, wieyiss La 2s caanaiiigs Ban 70. BAB) 10 chine is based upon the principle of tM) | ary. ‘The powor to tax, as well aa to entirely ox. | quiro after your parenta’ healt; at midtay bo archimedean screw. An immense auger, in of | ciuso this ef mmigrants, it is belloved | far from thom, aud in the even comilort visi w form of a revolving cylinder, of from four to eig’ they go to r this fs to be w pious son. such foolings as these, it is to be expected that t foot in diameter, poised at the proper inclinatig and impelled hy steam power, docs the work. E Jand excuvations it is supported upon a truck equig| alent to its weight and capacity, aud for sub-aque: avations it is fixed upon ascow. Five thousal en, in the work of removing sandbars and sho#® | bors and rivers with ordinary means, it is @ > | reely equal to the working ctl ily exercised hy the State. reat magnitude, | have 7 E amino the opinious of 0 ill return with the writers on inte mal law, as well as the written | is foolirh to believe the opmions of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the | inducements: To the ed States. the reason why the: be urged cots, nor con can ht the sul od it 8 jurors, orto | ts of Inw, more | rights of others | + to ostab- ri bmi tion of tion of comme tho power ¢ commerce is exclu v reposed in ( Q thet a majority ef the Juc ne Court of the United s ratutes pus i Massach ut to y K hard, and take y have the means of pro- nd living amidst their which you allady to—ihoir . leaving the in pledge as seenrity for the on pas performance of their contr ill mor is- Tar | tent with their eliaracter, @ absurd. Have you | Pe nen of @,cerew , Fe ae an een aD tutto. ho | ewould be impossible, in the limited scopo 2 chow? Tf he ured any fores tovracds rem he | his article, to give 2 full explanation of this Sham | then well, they would only be a burden and an ad- | it moy be applicd. | Suflice it to say thas ft oat b | ditional expense to him. Sometimes very rich por. | onder water: and the immonse diapurity betwes | luv, | sons who Lave poor men in their employment at | yUmeer Mitels te thods of excavating oe || 8 ona) oD, mm vators of eight fect diametq) It is enleulated that a cylinder of the above di ter is capable of removing 1,300 cubic feet por a nute. r The machine is so constructed that it can be ef vated or depre: as to be worked at any ang’ fl viding for their homes lies ‘The other matt that * tho act | ns capa that this | wand their desson- | jon to what ox xeluded, and mixture of color foreign por and th sively roposed in were void, But the whole 5 needs the right of tho | laws, ju i power of sta i by the best writers on international rs tea support their families through 3 by the decisivas c DSi oat of | home, or abroad r : SESE , oof Nociava. the | times ihey bind themselves to do it by thoir con- | yA model of the machine tiny ‘ vot w Yo “it haviug been, both in | tract but this gives thom no power over them as ‘Tho following gentlemen have given their cortdl es or pledges ewill tall you Low it is that the Chineso poor | cates of the practical superiority of this inrentey Ban er aL | over all others, is .te, or even cross its borders, it follows | come to California, ave borrowed the sinall y OVCT GhAdednotOr axtavanionsTNties Renwit he gu State pleases, it may, asa matter | Amount necessary, to be returned with unusual in- ‘ol. Coll, J, W-@Adams, civil engineor, editor? of clear right, exelude them catirely;? and, ‘as | terest on account of the risk; some bave been fur- Appletons’ Mechanics’ Magazine; H. Tt Durhat further proof aud illnstration that this power ¢ nished with money without interest by their friends | APHcmone Auiamrn ofl he, Fulton found! ihe States, and has never been parted v and relations in, but much che smaller | jee ap, capineers Joba F. Rodman, ¢ learly exercised by Virginia, as to other portion, have dyancos in money, to be | oi cor, whose opinions in writing may bo secon) | | paupers; and it is now exercised, in one form or returned out of the profits of theadventure. The usu- gw i] | | 4, @ uintter of municipal regala- il or shall not reside in any particuls thatif a sever doinicile in haps in woof them | micile, 0 : L et the above address. } another, as to various persons, by more “than half | al ay portionment of the profits is about three tenths eS } the es of the Union. to tho lender of the money, and rarely, if ever, any | wWoyton’s St. Lawrence Line of Steamsh® Ta the ease above referred to, involving the quos- | more. These urrangements made. at home seldom eecex Piston to Gunter mi) | tion whether the State of Now York, imposing taxes | bring them farther than San Prancisoo, and here the } BR, Hammatt Norton, Amer‘can Consul at Pio! J jen passe riving i 7 sh ¢ traders furnish them the means of gotting | Nova Scotia, i lin establishing a | “PCY | pon alien passengers arriving in the ports of that | Ch t h pe Nova Scotia, is now engaged in e rf 1 Lei eshe hick State, pak cot CA the constitution of the United | to the mines. A great deal of imoney is thus lent | oF steamers between the above ports, which Wj | | ewhich | Crates, five of tho Judges of the Supreme Court | ata nomiual or vory low interest, which, to the | oren up a new line of travel for the fashiona® | | red opinions in the affirmative, and four in | credit of our countrymen, we are uble to say, i8 | tourist, the ensuing summer. Mr, Norton has j¥ almost invariubly taithfully repaid. The poor Chi- | yeturned from Qucbce, where he had an interv.. paman does not come here as a slave. He comes | with the Governor General and members of /) | use of his desire for independence, wud he 1s | gouncil, who expressed a strong desire to have | | ted by the charity of his countrymen, which enterprise prove successful. The Provinces of Ny pestow on him safely, because he is industrious | Seotia and New Brunswick have voted £500 a y ays them, When he gets to the | for three years, aud Prince Edward Island £2h) | ast, oe the negative. In delivering his dissenting opinion, Chief Justice Taney remarked that ‘tne first in- quiry suggested by these cases was, whether, under ; do nt | tHe constitution of the United States, the Fedoral , a ¢ | government has the power to compel the sev to other’ powers, and | RBEX Ly amnnive “ai, .a4RAVT OK lass of pi ome Ame- | thoughtit * very clear, both upon the principle and ’ work with patience, nd he is contented with small gall It is supposed Canada will employ this line in tra, pyrtieg = wail, for which they will grant Dot : et eiott : : ‘ two or three doliars per day. “His li than £1,800 per year. for a. achueit to.toadie: | RReHne fi Ae pe hua iptions of persons rahe three or eae dollars a year. Like Popular, as it Me eats the tourist to visit cac! | ensuo, if by iuzetion we give further ene | iuterests and welfare of its citi t peoted of ther gee per toularly to Be ex- | vinces.” The cone ern ee TOE 10, gi ‘ on- | inter a1 nd thatthe | pected of them, many ret . . ; vinces. The course will be to take t i nt to the mi for cmigcation which | State has the exclusive right to deiermine, in its money, ibere to rane, bay Hee alan: felt steamers to Halifax, or St. Johns en Berea states. tad whieh ir | Sound discretion, whether the danger does, or do and then by land, over a beautiful road, to Piotd es, and devote themselves to the society of psumed, i i rapidly diffuse: of fst, free from the contr 3 seh i M bie ls ng ray ie ae through- core from the control of the goueral go- their own households the ease of the pro, | 88d then embark in the steamer, touching at Pris! sigh hawrad’ aun abet fivecce i : Sucts of their country, of its exports and imports Edward Island and New Brunswick, up tho {| j sand-Bnglish square miles, andthe totey poraece ut, Without further reference to the able opinion | Of its commerce aud’ the general wealth ot the | 8Wrence to Quebec. i one eh a ee delivered in this ease hy Mr. Justia Tanoy, [ will | World. But not all; others—full as many as of a i Helraaltahaead iid geranivcre ne remark that (ho principle involved in the recommen- | other nations—invest their gains in merchandise Military Affairs. f and thirty thousand. ‘The population of the Ohtve, dation that I have made, does not pper to me to he | #24 bring it into the country and sell it at your IinapQuanters or tHe Anny, Empire and dependant states. alone, is one hy au ee cuanaly ane eoe to that contained in statutes of | Markets. It is possible, sir, that you may not be td ANT Gawenar’s Orrick, and sixty-eight millions. It will be readily per- unconstitutional bs thee and declared to be | aware how great this trade is, and How rapidly it i 1. The companies of the fourth Toglsent of tetas : ceived that millions might be detached from such | States. In those sates ieee cout oF the United g, and how many are now returning to | Will leave their present stations, and proceed witheae di Ww ‘ proposed to impose a | California as merchants; who came over originally as | My to Governor's Island, New York, whet who could acquire miners. We are not able to tell you how ah has wil be concentrated preparatory to its prides he of Am Bat, in the -pre- been paid by Chinese importers at the Custom | Vices the Pacife division. (California and Oregon.) Ty} » itis proposed to tax persons who, it ia | House, but the sum must be very large. In thie | 2pinent will proceed to California via Panama, touchi? | nnot assume the obligations city alone there are twenty stores kept by Chinan at San Diego. to receive any instructions that may be seq) 1 politieal pri Who ovn the lots and erveted the buildings thom: | reveral bempantos to etayisie? Gemmander. assigning ¢3) | In those Selves. In thete stores a great deal of business is | found at San Diego. the travspere oe ee reo ly was ondangered ; dione ; all kinds of Chinese goods, rico, silks, sugar: | Mencia, The fmedical nate er, til then, proceed iF | of tas nstance the most ¥ tea, ete , are sold in them, and alse a great quao- iment will accompany it to the Pacific nf e regi t he Btato and people, and perhay tity of American goods, especially boots, of which | p,2;,£0ts Howard and Gratiot. Madison Barracks, at’) arent stoke. Whether the ohjecti d | every Chinaman buys one ormore pairsimmediately | flsttsburgh Barracks. will be temporarily abandoned ay | | Supreme Court to the statute of New York, | 2% lunding. And then there are the Amorican bed public property not taken with the troops will |. | As & regulation of commerce, und that, | *0resdealing in Chinese raticles on a very largo | Pmtetldn charge of the proper ofilcers of the staff” F it was void, would apply to a statute of | Seale, and ome with the most remarkable success, | rieened iy ate eeckinae, und Brady, will Sach bo | i A similar tax upor Asiatics, 1 | The emigration of the “Coolies,” as your Excel. | to be designated by the sche auth Fegiment of art Lor, | j - the opening of all this Chinese trade, which, if it | tom barber, (C. ~ | ne : which, if it arber, (C, and M.,) and the two companies at F There is no official information in this departmont | P70duees the same results here as eléowhere, will | Johnston, North Carolina, (A. and H..) will immediate} | touching the nature of the contracts suid to Ince | Yet be.the pride and richos of this city and State. | PPogred to Fort Columbus, aud report to the comma | been made with Asiatics by their own oom has Wve | One of the subscribers of this letter is now em: loy ed si? ya or by foreign residents in’ the Chinese cepirs, ie asa he in an American store, because of the ser- paniiaits earintes he nee will Seen | wok our mines. Tt is not officially known to this | Vices be can rezder thom as a broker in busi for the above movements, and tli: ° ly knos thie (a Q roker in business | ecmmanding officers will notify the Quarta ‘ department whether those es Wecee yith his countrymen; he has sometimes sold | the tzops will be ready for embarkaten eee MO Heat | $10,060 a day of ‘Chinese goods. Chy L 5. All absent offi nari bvoluntary if it | arrived f Saget nail Sebel y Lung, who ent officers of the fourth infantry. new on ¢ be ascertained that their emigration and sorvitide are one a few days since with some $10,000 in detailed for tho reeruiting service and the coast survey | voluntary, I am still of the opinion that the Logisla: ts goods, has sold out and returns for ay Lirety relieved from extra and they, as alsom, | ents of vast bodies ‘oolies i Cray Nght in a cargo al ) tm oonvineed that there fa nothin his Siato—T | has gold rout «Addi Glug: selnene hence Chat! By command of Major General Scott : ; F meri’ federal | lenge, So does the partner of San-wa, of this ale ead reo city; Tuk-Shaong for the same purpose—for more —— Iti , . than a year ho has been continually i Naval Intelligence, b pay of coolies employed as farmers in China, i at Wang Hiya, ou theo sey hte Meaty concluded | selling “cargoes, A great many Others. sere for |, The United States brig Perey was towed trom the Navi China, is one United Neate an Chine pied he pes even pu by the Challenge, and all the other ships Yard, yesterday morning, to sea, bound to the const oy || but they are required to purchaco thal 1 | relation to the civil or political privileges ile te plete of as being expected, will bring | Aftica. The following aze her officers :— fs | 7 inese goods aswellas Chinamen. Nor | Lientenant Commandant, Richard L. Page; Lien-! subjects of the Chinese empire, immigrati i acre e re, igrating to the | dees this by any incans give you a full idea of the | tenunis. M.B Weol Jo A 8 shall enjoy. Te is true that this treaty | trade of the Chinamen. ney ag only freight vou Chas. W. Aby; ‘Passed Ae tant Surgeon Ie " raat 1 &Co,, | citizens; but in the exercise of ‘ ‘ @ bought many of thom, and will | Quharon; Passed Midshipmen, 8. P. Quackenbush, J. Li) OY HOLE : our attent on to know that such ds property he measures which I have now | our Preference for your countrymen that we employ The old frigate Macedonian, eaptured ducing the wat o others, even whon we | 1812, from the British, by the frigate United States havi) 1] ay justify any retaliation by Chinese upon Americans | could get them chenper. profitably 1 Geen are ontaby ZGUE | Yard, ns w corvette. into recive the name of the Ratoigtg| . et, | from mines, and in view of the further fact that ii cae 0 at in | that the government of the United States w i name of the Macedonian. po thore countries, the precious metals aro commonly | to send ‘shina to Japan to open that country to aie The following officers compose the Board of Hxaminore is what we su; d your country | now in session at the Naval Academy, Annapolis, Mary-, 6 ; ; | Chinese will urge objections to’ the i i i “icivexpested | have here presented, itadopted. =’ “Meh | cannot all be on ono ede, and it ie plain that the Commodore Perry, Captains Paulding and Wyman, ang _ benefits of our trade. ‘The H gold we have been allowe iy dipth your minoone can eine ke the date of 1846 will como betore?| made the China trade grow ap £o fast, like at eff final examination. a everything elso in this country. If you want to Accounts from Pensacola to the 27th ult. havo been ro of this State will demand novel, if notoxtraordinary | gold we have been allot framing laws, theretoro, to meet such exi; igencios, it | it by check! be guided entirely by prece- from all that we have ever knowu of your govern- ports an extended emigration to this State, with a | dents which have been established in the common ment, the United States most desired to increase. bere ar nl. ig rays of the sun. But | terity, on the glowing canvass, faithful portraits of Le chal lah er increase—many large | course of events in other States. But though our What. \ The U. 8. steamer Vandalia, W. 1 “ ape eis on the way, crowded with Celestials. condition may sometimes require departures’ ‘tots lene rs your Excellency has said about pase a a, W. HH. Gardner, com. ' prevent Coolios shipped to Californi mander, arrived at San Francises, April 19th, in cightocm ‘ave mentioned in the preceding portion of this | precedents in the enactment, as woll as in the oxo- | conteacts from laboring in the mines, we do not con- | 48y8 from Honolulu, where she had been stationed for © communication, that numbers of Asiatics have been | cution of laws, we should not fail to follow tho and are being sent here, under contracts to labor for | constitution, both as our chart and as the palladium pitt airy rahe Fy GES CO ee cee eee eee. Te RULOWING 12 wep of her | a term of 7 wages, an hostages for the faithful ears in our mines, at merely nominal | of our liberties. China, nor do wo believo any are coming, except a | officers:—Willam H. G: lardner, Commander; that theis famitiog have been retained as | , Having thas performed one of the most important | hava bolore etnies k en ar ek oe shares, ag wo | Johnton, Reed Warden, 7, Harmon Pattoron Tetae: ante; Ban performance of the con- | duties which ‘haps devolve uj Palmer, tracts. If this intelligence is correct, it term of pon me during | countries sometimes do. We will not believe it is Sargeon; John V. be doubted whether such contracts should be yoosee | ald erm of ee, Feo ts tiferasige tt A> | Your intention to pase a law treating us ne Coolie, | Yous, Acting , just as people from all other head. foting Lieutenant; James C. ‘ker, Purser; Walter v. Master; Robert . Assistant 8 ne Lee Read, Lieutenant of Marines; John B. Btew= Luce, enforced wheth ‘ pised f pn ptioag oe Fomine an so ee Joux Braver. treaty provision for the hey he Chinese _jisberbam, H. 8t. George Hunter, Stephen B. | the tethes of Extra aad rite ee | ahaa hens emigrants shall be treated, and that tho Ohinese | aninean erat Charlee H. Cushman, Mid- ; gentends with great foree and clearnes, that “there Bax Fuanonece, Aen ah tee y snutaiiog ca fen he Tight to hocgemiy ‘i ‘ Beatevai, jan Doran humor, Hate / is an exception to the rale as to the universal | SiR—The Chinamen ha ‘ ‘" hen hod the country, by taxation or | M. Bain, Carpenter; John W. North, Sallmaker; yey, gitlne which is, that no nation | that you have published iy parte star bb en fy te true of the Lid png Gen” ventas is = Warrington, Pures 4 mice infin fo Th wm utergor that | edweted American sie Sn harclaeh sees | Sega ling of the Chines poole apd in| it, Z. 2; Reha wi jae to he lp Aw of its own subjects.” Mr. Justice Martin has | language, which has enabled us to pide ing hel comaaretal eee Seremtied 16 Sense Mediterranean, boas amir at i expreseed it in the fellowin; terms:—“The ox- in the newspapers for ourselvos, and fo explain | by the Troathror Wing tive, . pwr Samm ception U. commander 8, W. 5 foo lon applies to cases in which the contract is | it the rest of our countrymen. We have all thought In what we heresay, wo have most care told ing, bs rn ed Pernambuco April 27, and sailed next moral and aeheae? Worl anda, or in which the ng itin Ferris, of | terests or the cony zens.” The exception results from th i tho authority of t Mery dee lated, are ni . ob of aay effeac, a jurious to the rights, the in- | with one anothei hi enience of such State or ite citi: | ‘and fespoctatles letter er eae yaa acts nnd contracts dono in other When you speak of the laws « . bY Whi thay ate 0 ae exam ae irene tocontatiel ey haa different to ‘the solemn obligation to speak the ¥ be: t deal about it, and, after consultation erence the truth; but wo fear you not United States sloops of war Germante wn and John lieve us, because you have spoken i Adams were at F | ’ ors yor character of the oath or affirmation in t! » March 2, C n that | have fallen into.about us. scribed in the constitution or the ratuteg antic a a tent St. Lawrence, Command maaan , Commander Braden Dulancy, tinth which an oath imposes.” Te is truth, novo, | Mpaerom weet: April 18, for Culng, vin Catdert youd the limits of | great men are learned mon. and aman’s rank ia just 1 theless, and we loavo it to time and tho proot which | sailed trom Val "April 18th, for Gales ler Luracr, 4 7 4 In | eheck immigration from Asia, you will have to do | ceived. The United States sl ir . loop-of-war Cyane was | ay Asiatic commerce, which we suppose | Navy Yard, and the sloop-of-war Distt was « ia |