The New York Herald Newspaper, December 23, 1851, Page 2

THE WONDERS OF CALIFORNIA. Our California Correspondence, Sacramento Crry, Nov. 1, 1851. Mai Rodvery by the Indians—Hostility and Equip- ment of the Tribes—Dangers of the Overland Rowte. Our Daily Union of to-day, gives s hurried ac- count of the capture of the United States mail by Indians, between this and the valley of the (reat Salt Lake, onthe Sth ultimo. I was an oye witness of the affair, and would fain erave permission through your columns to apprise the public of the dangers of the route, and the necessity of our go- vVernment taking immediate cognizance of such de- predations, and adopting measures to prevent their now alarmingly frequent occurrence. The plains have become the high road to and from California, a road by which the farmer of the West, will, im future, gain access to this market, the on); one open to the poorer citizens of our country, an for the ble use of which an annual toil is paid to the iotion tatbes. Will our government permit to be butchered and scaiped on this pub- yughfare, while they are burthened to pay re who remain housed and fed almost within it ef the audacious savage who revels over the trophy torn from the brows of its most in- d@astrious, useful, and peaceful citizens? Surely not, when it ismede publicly aware of the grievous outrages. When the ite to an 2. ™ first overland emigration to California occurred, the Indians of the far west were found to be destitute of fire arms or horses. There is not now atribe to be met with but what is equipped with rifles, and possess horses of the best American breed, the property of murdered individuals. The United States mail has now been seized, and but for the intrepidity of two gener who tra- velled with it, Dr. Hylton and Mr. Inman, che post- man must have fallen a victim to the scoleing knife ¥t will possibly be gratifying to the friends of these brave men to learn that when the terrified little bend of eight, to which they belonged, were fired and charged by the overwhelming force of some 1) ee hundred Indians, they alone were calm, con- !, mted the yelling savage, and sternly played their t, killing five Indians, and holding tue others in ) ek until the postman could cut the horses from * ‘wagon, and prepare for flight; and when that * gbt bad to be conducted over a desert plain, six hundred miles in extent, these master spirits alone eid out to the last, unconquered by fatigue, hun- ger, and exporure, and were the only mon who never murmured at the necessity of travelling night and Gay for nine tedious days. a the ninth day they were fortunately relieved by a train of wagons which they overtook. | The two following articles, from two respectable | and reliable San Francisco papers, afford a striking | exhibit of the almost miraculous products and re- sources of California :— Address before t Agricultural Mineral Fair. (¥xom the San Francisco Herald.) We + to-day, some interesting extracts, Uburtrative of California and her productions, from the address delivered ‘ast night by Mr. Andrew ‘Williams, before the audience assembled at Mr. Shelton’s Agricultural and Mineral Fair. We re- Reso limits will not permit us to give it Lapizs ann GenTLEMEN—Having been invited by Mr. Shelton to present to our fellow citizen, Mr. erner, @ silver goblet, as a premium for his suc- cess in advancing the agricultural interests of oar State, | embrace the opportunity to congratulate on the oceasion upon which we are assembled. T son him — Dapeng ——— and untiring industry in jucing so varied and rich a | display of the Prodacte of our soil and State, have been crowned with such brilliamt success; and es- ecially do | congratulate our State and coun apon the first dawn of that developement of our ealtural wealth and resources, which soon to convert these Western “forests into a garden, and make the wilderness bud and blossom as the roee.” In most of the others a single ex- edly er = a Sad lumber of Maine, ‘granite of New Hamps! > | Re ve » the manufactures of siassa- ture of New York, the coal and iron of enney vania, the grain and fruits of the Middle and Western States, the copper of Michi- > corn, tobacco, and hemp of Virginia and ky, the cotton of Alabama and Georgia, the jar of Louisiana, the sugar, cotton, indigo ‘exas, the turpentine of North Carolifle, and rice of South Carolina, constitute respectively their most prominent and distinctive interests, aud are | ‘the pride and glory of their citizens. But there is | scarcely one of these that cannot be found er pro- daced in our own State. In the natural produc- | tions of the earth, conducive to the sustenance of man, is our State abundantly prolitic Aawe the centre of the State, the ba- | Bana, the orange, the lemon, the olive, the fig, the | plaintain, the nectarine, the almond, the apricot, and the pomegranate of the Soutb, mingle in the eame a oaes of a a gee the peach, erry, the plum, the quince, and the ofthe North—tte fruits of the oak aud the of gigantic size and delicious taste, to man and beast the richest and most nutritious food; the beautiful salmon of the noble Sacramento, often weighing thirty, forty, and in some instance, sixty pounds, vieing with any, cither im fineners of texture and richness of flavor, as well in size; and one uncommon article of fine white ex ion of @ species of pine tree called pine; the successive range of mountains, is lost to view in the distance, waving ests of oats, the = ere wn prodac- soil; solid trees of the red wood on the ‘rinity and Shasta rivers, sixty-eight ; hollow ones whose cavity sheltered sixtoon men and twenty mules for the night; pines crowning the divzy peaks of the Sierra Nevada, hundred and oighty feetin height, the firet two hundred and fifty feet without # branch or limb—an extent of growth so far beyond the or- dinary size, as to seem almost incredible, but well and seen, and verified by the uniform and | concurrent testimony of many whom | see sitting around me And we bave some still farger and taller speci- | mens of other things nearer home, here ia oar own | eity, to which many who hear me will bear witness from experience, and which come to maturity “ in advance”—rents, the tallest kind of rents, put up higher thau the pines, and sometimes | harder to get around than red-wood' | hold iu my | band a statement signed by twelve citizens of the | eounty of Santa Cruz—Moessrs. McLean, Gibson, a Clements, Pedrict, Mills, vens, McHenry, Sanborn, Kista and Loveland—gentle- ot uestionable integrity, an extract from which is as wes “On land owned and cultivated by Mr. James Williams, an ovion grew to the enormous weight : ; F Hi ee z z of twenty-one ds; on this same land a turnip wae which equalled exactly in size the head ole barrel. (n land owned and cultivated by Thomas Follen, a cabbage grew, which measured while growing, |% feet 6 inches around its body ; its weight is not known. ‘The various cereal grains also grow to s height of from 6 to 12 feet. One red-wood tree in the valley, known as Fremont's tree, moa: ver fifty feet in circumference, is nearly 300 feot high.” Added to there Productions avs. a beet grown by Dan, at San Jose, weighing 3 pounds feet in length Seighing isa Jarger than the sire of an ry bat, all partook, jeaving at leet the baif untoucnrd sie These may be ruperiativ:s, do exist. aad they show what our climate a: capable of Nor are these mc ngly incredi- | the well known fact of a oo State, nearly 0) miles in length, and whose every foot of ground from hill top t i is more or Jess impregnated with gold of ever, form and site, from dust up to jumps bing nas — jet een our eyes eround this hall, and | What do we see—even from thir hes and casual contribation— an agriou| oa angen mineral, and floral exh acing nearly one thousand varieties irs, of every bue, and nea) mi e of rovehat , than 3,000 var of natir fily and other bulbous markable soap plant the toilet adding t and ! sanitary went of the forest ; spec ree quart: vein Varietice of ¢ and withered: Shelton « stalke from one root cov feet, some of the stalks 6 f diam, and the clover he: ference : single stalke of 100 flowers, of indescribab! beautiful specimer i from H. Pratten, | oats gathered by Mr mans of wheat and nanm " duce of grown by delicacy eight inebesir n ference some from the |u Green, of thie ¢ity, " | a ctop worth at present: | ing bim for his contributions to | ofthe -ummer, are connected; but from the upp | one there is no visible outlet. From the lowe=: of tivated by Mesers. Chamberlain & M d seven inches in eter, three sod four pounds each—nearly 70,000 to an sore—ane the whole number from acre sup- owed to average one peund each; Fe rom Mr. H. Speel, of Santa Cruz, 120 pounds from five vines of a single hill; one from Mr. B. J. Stevens, of Sante Clare, 13 inches in length, 27 inches in circumference, and meighing 7 pounds ; the Russian bald barley, grown by Mr. Jo! on his ranch, upon the banks of Bear river, Jreighing theze of large wheak) rampbersion Ave ache the size of large wheat ; ve in cireumaferonces barley from the San Jose valley, of which %5 bushels were produced from less than five ores of land; some from the farm of Madame Seoofy, of Sonora, where 12 acres, by ordinary cul- tivation, Juced a crop of 53,000 lbs.; these walls, festooned with luscious grapes from Captain Malt- by,,of Los Angeles—single bunches from the garden ofGen. Vallejo, at Sonoms, weighing 10 pounds ; apples, peaches, figs, and ot uits of enormous size, from, the mame fom Mr. Jee, jemaioe s weighing two pounds each ; pum} juashes 100 to 1 pounds; aabagee two feet in ‘ain, and weighing 50 pourds; onions, beets, and pota- toes of enormous size, not isolatea, but by hun of bushels, the top onion roduced the season from the ordinary seed ; ebsamnnies of wheat and barley of uacommon size and Weight 5 and added to the exhibition are also beaut spesimens of the daguerrean and photographic art from Mr. Shew, and also from Mr. Bradley ; lemen seme of exceeding excellence, manufactured and exhibited by Messrs. Sweet & Co., of this city; exquisite fea- ther work by Madame Paacard; besides samples and specimens of countless varieties of plants, herbs, vines, fruits, grains, and esculents of exceeding size and sicgular perfection, collected by Mr. Shelton, to the enumeration ef which the pro- per extent of this address is wholl uate. Among the tropical productions introduced by him, are coffee, ginger, banana, plaintain, and pome- granate, which are now in progress of succeasfal cultivation, and he has this day received from Val- paraiso, a choice assortment of rare and valuable exetics, the entire stock of a greanhouse, embrac- ing two thousand of the choicest French and Italian grape vines, fifty varieties choice trees, six varieties of plums, three of apricots, twenty of peaches, five of currants, and seven thousand aspa- ragus plants. Of flowers, there are fifty varieties of jessamices, four of althea fratres or African Hibiscus, eight of chrysanthemums, twelve of althea, the wax plant, pinks, cacti, eighty-foar dahilas, and over one thousand rose bushes. 1 bave recently been informed by one of our aiopted Celestials, whose phenological develo mente of ‘“‘auri sacra fames” predo d over his “‘amor patric,” that our soil, climate, and seasous are well adapted to the growth of the tea plant, and that as there existed no natural obstacle to its successful cultivation here, he had sent to China for seed, and intends to commence growing it in the ensuing spring. Indeed, there is scarcely a frait ora plant, a shrab or a flower, a mineral or a vegetable. of w any land can boast, but what is embraced within the | limits of California, a “bright and particular in the constellation of States—the crowning gem | in the tiara of freedom. The speaker then gives the following as the pro- duct of 500 acres of Mr Horner’s farm in Santa Clara Valley, for the fifth year, with theaverage aid of sixty co-laborers:— Potatces, bushels...120,000 Sclid headed cab: Onions, do... 2,000 dager... “108,000 ° 606 bage |, do. @ cost of about $50,000, pr ‘ices some $200,000. If any of these remarks should meet the public eye (for 1 see here present representatives of the prece,) I wish none abroad to be misled by the sup- i can be as successful as yourseli— orgbat “-¥y gains can be obtained without t t I hazard nothing a gens richer @ farmer than eur fertile valleys ever spread its alluring invitation to man, and that the cultivation of the soil here ie far more conducive to personal happiness, far more advantageous to the State, far lese expens.ve and laborious, far more healthy and profitable, and far more certain of ebundant remuneration for toil than the al absor>- ing mania for geld. And when mills shall be erect- ed on our bi d streams, co-extensive with our wants, California, instead of importing foreign breadstufis, will be the great granary for supplying the commercial marine of the Pacific and Sou:hern oceans with the staff of life. The speaker then presented Mr. Horner with a silver goblet, at the same time highly compliment- the agricultural wealth of the State. 1 am also requested by the committee, in behalf of Mr. Shelton, to prerent to Messrs. Boyd & Del- sen of thie city, a miniature hat, made of pure Ca lifornia gold, a8 a premium, from the lific and perfect factory of Messrs. Jacks & Woodruff, of this city, for the beet epecimeus oi Catifornia mvou- factured bats; ard in cheertul compliance with their request, I present to you, gentlemen, this gold hat, an Bppropr: embiou of the extraordinary beau- ty and style of the specimens exbibited by you. Notwithstending the great difficelty and prodigious expense of procuring suitable implements, tools, and eppliances, your perseverance bas triumphaot- ly surmounted ail discouragements, and the bean- tiful fabries before us would do creditto any part of tbe world. Mr. Boyd returned bis thanks for the premium that had been awarded him, ina brief and neat eee. The Tulare Lakes. Frem the San Francisco Picayune, Nov. 15 | These magni ects of water, which form one of the distinctive features ef California, and which, though freyuently mentioned, have not been generally visited by the whites, are tituated at the extreme end of the Tulare Valley, and close to the northern boundary of Los A county. They are three in number, an all of very considerable i considerably with the safe to state the width of at thirty miles, and its length at forty. The othere, though somewhat smaller, do not vary much from this. The two lower lakes in the spring and carly part er the three a deep slough flows with a sluggish cur- into the San /oaquin river; the course of this ngiy tortuour, end from which other sloughs are continuaily cetting off, eo that it would, in mary places, be difficult te recognise which is the main sti On the slough the timber is exceedingly ¢ prese ntit in this Tespect, @ marked contrast to the San quin, which, at the point of junction, and for many miles abore and below ‘ily timbered. looking country than that en- ler on striking the Talare slough, can bardly be . soil ie seoming!y retten; in the vicinity of water it forms here there is no moisture, it flies 4 chokes both horse and rider. The slough, in upper part, where it uch divided, is in many pieces uxapproachable on account of this peculiar. ity, and @ more unpleasant to camp in could not be found in Califermia. To find grass, the traveller has to no fuel can be found mustangs and wild cattle side of the lakes and slough is exceedingly level, elevated, as it would appear, hardly a fot above fi pon damp ground, while uch as ia popplied by the the » of the water; and the conse, wence is, that in many spots tracte of several hundred yards inextent aseed, which have evidently been d the water which hae akes e the slough issues from the lower lake, the sheet of water is eo broad that no boundary ean be discerned on the othet si arple streak which marke the Sierra ada t reside the Atache nation of Indians, m of them governed by Tinsin, one of ree The rancheri of some forty very lar; #, and capable each in which the Indi Tinsi & large one, eon- te, built entire'y accommodating, ip live, from ten to a brawny ¢ whore ne | ore advantageously with that of any Rocky M ef, and who boatts of five wives, porsesses a hut in which twenty men could easily sleep je rancheria ie built on the border of the lake, and not @ tree ic to be seen within miles of it The + deserver, in the fuilest | extent, t are, or Tule. A border of ne hundred yards wide, sine, fringes the shect of or mile aft In fae around the the same border extends, but in no place have seen £0 heavy as a: the Atache indians use thi 3 poses. Theit y. The green roots are used fe ground into pulp and baked into cake alatabie, and soem to be nutricious ; the dr; erve for fuel; from the stalks baskets a while more sunder gmat ofthem. Cattle and horses of them; and a better bed pulled tules, no man could r & great of them d, and after leaving the slough to rise, the mountains water, or more properly, nearer to the bills. The however, in mort places, » marshy border, filled with dead tule Water i e on this aco kk legree thirst before niry, ontil the Sierra side of the VVE MAVECEA ODE 5 VbuvNe, GUL’ | valley ip FeRGhEd, coMtiNWeS poor, Blsaough avt | she Lippling shop woud OP forgoweD, aud ihelasd | Aivrivn eve 1 The country o this | than one Indian conceals his | immediate neigh- hood of the slough. is probable that the communication be’ the lower lakes is at times cut off, as the whole ix- vei 5 a ir pathy At times, too, waters rise to such an extent as to render the ross the isthmus impossible. The country here, too, is end samy, ond tho Indians live mostly on | : eae nee ee eee tS Seen | marigold, which they co! | grind between stones, the product At the Sierra side the banks of the | more and one of the finest | districts in California opens before the The timber is abundant and heavy, the luxuriant; and to him who has trav ‘Tulares, and around the lakes, it seems an | perndee. ‘This tract stretches for many | the lakes, as far, indeed, as the most the Four Creeks, and even to King’s that a rolling country, destitute of over which immense herds of 3. efter is fow ot, a wil een roam unmolested. The region are numerous. The waters of the are generally, as is cur- rently reported, shallow, sithoagh, faa ithe for- mation of the country,we should some | parts, particularly towards the e r, they must be of very considerable depth. can be = doubt, aide that seme ae iy fordable completely across w stages o water; and various have out to us, at which, accor: to the Ij fords exi and that at points where the ite shore coul: not be seen. Throughout the wi length ef the western and southern borders, ‘water appears to be exceedingly shallow, not more than two feet a distance of fifty yards from the shore. In the lowest lake quite a farge number of islands are to be fe on #0me of which wiid horses can be seen. however, are not over a long, and all are, as ui belt of tules. 1tis doubtful whether those more distant from the shores ever visited by the Indians, as they have no better means of navigat- ing the waters than 3 of dried tules, upon “generality of them, couple of hundred yards dered by a heavy which they float about the Papas of fishing. The abundance of of all kinds in these wa- ters is absolutely ig. The waters seem alive with them, the variety is as great as the quality of most of mm is good. Pike, perch, bass, salmon trout, ee! suckerg, and many other kinds, with the names of which we are unacquainted, are caught with the greatest ease, and we have no deubt that the lordly salmon himself frequents the lakes in his proper season. Strange as it may seem. the I catch them with their hands alene, an that £0 rapi we have seen four strings, each of which when held in a man’s hands in an upright trailed along the ground, caught by two in this method, in certainly less than half ir. Upon one of them might be seen a pick- which must have weighed five pounds. quantity of game which frequent these a perege sheets of water, and build their ness hatch their young among the tules, is immense. Large flocks of , swans, cans, oranes, ducks, teal and curlews, can be seen at every point, and-furnish a of the subsistence of the part Indians, who frequently bring in large baskets fa'! of eggs from among the ‘ae Some of the largest eagles to be met with in California are to be seen in this section of the country; and, ifgame abounds, so also do rattlesvakes, there being more, iu any square mile of this district, than in ten of any other. The Indians seem to mind them me little, however, and kill them by means of at da forked stick. Other reptiles are also to be met with, but not in such abundance The color of the water at the berders of the lakes is nearly that of a tan vat, which is caused by the number of decayed roots and uther vegetable matter. Inthe middle, it is clear, pure, and very soft. The climate in the neighborhood, as might be expected from the situation, is much warmer than in the same latitude on the coast. A dull, smoky mist, probably caused by the evaporation of the water, floats over the earth for a considerable por- tion of the year, becoming frequently so dense, in the middle of the day, as to shut out the nei ing mountains from view. Towards suns mist clears away, and the nights are delightful. The fog prevails mostly on the western and south- ern sides of the lakes, which are destitate, to a great degree, of timbe Anvmber of fine streams fall into these lakes, from Kern river, which isthe most southerly, to ing’s river, which flo into the lower lake. The four creeks—Elbow Creek, and a number of small streams—empty their waters, after tuous course, into theso receptacles. King’s river is @ deep, bold stream, tally as large as the San 3 " above Stockto: ent. Its bauks ting, i an abrupt wall of from sixty to in beight. approaches the lake, however, it divides into a num der of sloughs, forming delta. The other stream ti fummer, coep and ra t . The lake canuet be reached trom n Joaquin by any ciher weane than by es. ‘The country back ita mineral wealth, axother ar icle. The W California, great an sources, has ber wants. be lakes, *~ capa may fort the eu of t & of Caitfurntes onlahing as are her re- The country in midsum- mer wants rain, in winter it wants a little more dry | weather; bet the great want is the want of women, and society in California will inevitably dec barbariem and the wildest anarchy, unle want is supplied. Hear the appe if an editor in [From the Alta California } s y ago the cheering intelligence reached this then far otf land, that a ship with the yd name of ** Angelique” was about to sail from he harbor of New York, freighted with » precious cargo of respectable young women from the New England states, who were voming here with the in- tention of remaining and settiing down, and would not object to for matrimoni«! alliances. For a few daye efter the reception of the news, joy sat upon many bachelor s countenance tha’ had | been wreathed in sorrow at thought that his days were to end in thi , with oo wife—no dear loved ome to pees turough the weary world with bia. Bat bke | th il ** busted up,” and when the Angelique ar- rived, she brought only three or four ladies, who were either married, or had parsed the age when matrimonial alliances are — with any degree of avidity. Then came the old sorrow again, and from that time to this co attempt has been made te introduce asnong:t us im any pumber respestable and virtuous yonne, Women, who should becom belpmates to those who have made th’ land their permanent home The Seryptures inform ns that it ie “not good for man to be alone,” and ali time and experience bave proven the truth of the text. Woman hae ever been to man bis other self. In joy she hae pacsed with him in the sunshine and beauty of the world. In sorrow she has mingled her peark tears with bis. I+ danger she has breasted wit him the storm of life, and has been to him e blessing and a joy. Who that has been separ for atime from the bright being, who, ye at the hely altar step, pledged her young bas not often thought upen the biessing of a virtuous wife—how she anticipated his yo wieh—hew eagerly sbe ran to meet him is re- turning footstep pressed the threshold of nd ber home—how, in the loug winter evenings, he sat his own fire side, and she, his carly choice, was with him, and how the little tilers, their chi dren, played about bie knees, and welcomed | with ber when he entered bis home! \ | sence from these fond and happy their remembrance, and the absen back to them in thought, end r mery with asus on the derert | epring in the Moonstruct , silly therealized the ei ped poets have so disterted, s be | principle of love— the affection which man, in | nature, bears to womar—tbat it bas como much locked upon ae a sub; ertheless, @ reali and practical i The huma nizing een acknowie in it is, that no ve and Gner fc cling unless her hand has been ure ple shown, in the mov g of them out ber presence is but hal de up California hae now come to be looked upon as not the world ov en grow up with the ' properly developed, end her bright exam- Society with oply a babitable, but a derirable, place of resi- cence. The wild idear of the rapid accumulation f fortunes, end @ cafe retroa mi the country, bave given way to more prac nes of set | tling bere, and living a8 well apy other uarter of the globe. God has d us with a specafation of Jem Lage, | iod-biessed © on with renewe: and vigor, the Stought that the shater of his hile weeld br atzo the sbarer of his hard-earned gains. A more settled and contented state of society would ensue. The ides of * home,” instead of far off | to the At shores, would extend to the | dwelling bere in our own loved land, the his lifejeurney would welcome to her her husband. In the Atlantic States, there is a surplus of | | what we so much need hi In the ananu- 5 States, amiable, virtuous and well edu- | cated work from daylight to dark in the dim | and cotton factories, deafened by the eternal | | din of whir! spindles or dasaing shuttles. | | In ey ly cunree net Ahongl ms gerwe | ‘cumstanced, of ador! 1 £0cie! | proreny, they might move, strain their ‘on Monday morning to Saturday night, over their taske of sewing, for which they receive a bare and grudged pittance from some ‘Shylock ofan em- ployer who fattenson their toil. Others, naturally as good as any, are driven into sin and misery in the tial cities. How much better would it be for these girls to come in hundreds here to California—to come with the intention ef becoming Californians, and of mal this their home! Thoy would become tho wives our minere, laborere, m farmers, merchants and tradesmen, and would not only better their own condition, but would exercise a greater influence toward building up here a solid and permanent societ: “ban any means which can be thought of. Many can save sufficient means to come here, and for those who cannot, means should be provided. Who will devise a plan to bring out a few cargoes of respectable women to California? ‘Theatricals in California, The suddenness of California’s growth is in no- exemplified mere forcibly than in the for- ess of thectrical amusements. Io this city there are two very handsome theatres, and thore is scarcely a town of one thousand inhabitants in the mining counties, where dramatic performances have not been introduced. Wherever theatricals have" gone the gaming table has lost its charm, and the existence of a healthy relish fer the refine- ments ofthe drama is fully demonstrated in the patronage bestowed on such amusements, and the Steady decline of the gaming houses. The profes- sion of an actor is, therefore, highly prefitable in this country—the remuneration of his services cor- responding to the demand of their exercise. Thi hasinduced many excellent actors to emigrate to Caen om from me older States; a —_ is now, 10 er cities, a very respectable share of dramatic po ce lane) sufficient, if properly husbanded and intermingled, to enable managers of theatres to present their entertainments in hand- some style. But the taken | to be that there are too many stars in this limited theatrical firmament of ours.—San Francisco Herald. O Know Ye the Land! Some philosepher has sent us a dozen or more of verses, in the style of Byron’s passionate song of Greece, commencing a3 above, in which all the “horrors on horrors’ head accumulated” of life in California are “‘ set to tute.” Inasmuch as the resent state of society will permit of the worst ing shown without fear of a ‘‘bowie knife’s sheen or @ six-ebooter’s shadow,” we subjoin a sample of the author’s prowess in pootry, merely remarking that he has succeeded better in rhyme than in rea- son. Here it is. Know ye the land? ‘The land where we find, if you trust to the papers, More gold in « bole than fills ups big tub; The laud, too, where chance cuts such damnable capers ‘That eome can ecarce dig out the price of their grab. The land. too, where Justice and Law 80 jealous, ‘They plied all their arts to the very luet stretch; And Justice's friends werero strong and 60 zealous, That gentlemen ran for the post of Jack Ketch The land where, three times in a year, its best cities In smoke aud in vapor ascend to the skier, While harpier, like Nero, chant praise giving ditties, To the tune of‘ How carpenters’ wages will rise” The land where, like Tantalus tied im the fable, | unger and thirst for a surfeit of gold, While it lies fall as near asto him did his teble; But where it lies buried I'd like to be told. The land where the morning, intended by beaven For preyer and reflection, religion and reet, Ik ary spent watching a deuse or a seven, Ww. hundreds are ttaked on the worst or the best The land where the old scattered builders cf Babel Have met and united, by tribe and by elan; Where they gable ro sizange that no linguist is able To tell if he talks to a horse er aman, A Lroxy Canivornian.—The Albany L£upress of Thursday gives @ history of the adventures of Mr. Williem fis formerty of Albany, who bas accumulated from the mines the nice litle fortuse of $160,000, He bad no particular good fortane, till, wandering about, sick and disheartened, his eye feil upon & swall piece cf rock near bY, with ecmething intermingled with its formation whica to him spy<ared like the object of his search. His hopes sucdenly revived. In an inetant the thong? of untold wealth, competence, and commandisg influence, Jlaehed ‘across his mind. With the as tistance of the stock or bust of his gun, be quickly separated the piece from its native position, and found that ¢ pure gold, of a rich quaiity—was partof the material of this quartz rock. ithout Pape | his labors further that day, he retraced is steps to his hermit home, a short distance from the locality; first baving marked the spot at which be hoped to realize afortune. The succeeding day, armed with a smal! chisel, he returned to the epot, andatcnce commenced his work. Without soy | extraordii exertion om his part, in the brief | epace of five , he secured, in juarts rock gold | a sum in value equal to fourteen hundred dollars! | His bright vision of fature plenty was already half | realized. A mine of wealth seemed to open to his | view; and his ideas expanding, he looked forward bow to the full enjoyment of the treagures hidden in the “ mountain ot gold.” Keeping h “ | Peeret, he at once started for San m | riving there, he obtained a deed of the place, re- corded it in the County Clerk's office, and imme- diately returned with another Albanian, () Niche! | with him. By the use of euch machinery ae could be obtained, thesnine was most successfully worked, and still continues to yield a rich resurn to the original proprietors, who yet chit. They have | also engaged in other busin a branch of whic the ti portation of passe: from one point to another; and ceaches, of lroy manufacture, are Bow makin, h Lo betweea diferent p iliam Hance, (formerly | G00 adds a greater | ones; and like hia lottery, is the exception ra- n in Califor bar. known as Bill Rance, but th dignity.) is one of the Juco! who draws a,prize in , ther than the rule. Oregon, i VFORTANLE PRODUCTIONS OF OREGON. | The Oregonian of Nov. lst., gives the following | account of some specimens of the vegetable pro- | duction of the country :-— | toe B. oar sent to hae Be omg ag ig: ois specimen of potatoes ri Co- lumbia Bottom—two of which. a four inches by seventeen in circumference each. Anotber gettioman sent us the product of one hill, Pm ge in the asual and dug from eld, which weighs ¢ wo ibe. Wi received from the Dalles, by the han Bell, some beautiful imens ef po Woods, of the S. A., ent us from the o few boads of cate, which eurpass any thing | yeteoon. The heade average one foot in length, one of which was fourteen inches—all hang- | n,) having entered into a coparthersnip | is | §, | the government, whether under the control of the Wasurneton, Dec. 20. 1851. The Policy of the Government—Non-Intervention— Aation of Congress. Your remarks in the Herat in regard to the dinner given to Kossuth by the gontlemen ef the Frese, in New York, have excited general attention and remark. No friend of the Union can view with indifference the course of proceeding on that occasion, under the guidance of those who led the way init. The omission to toast the President of the United States was an act of injustice, only equalled by the insult offered to Mr. Webster by his letter of apology for not belie able te attend the festival. ‘hat real friend of the Union could be grilty of such conduct towards the Prosi- dent and Mr. Webster, after the patriotic services they have rendered tho country in the great crisis just peesed? Are such services so soon forgotten? Or were these insults offered by those who never appreciated the value of them ‘he President and Mr. ater have also been eesailed for their course in re; te the reception of Kossuth. What more could theydo! The Pre tident sent @ war steamer for him, as he was re- quested to do by the joint resolution of Congress, and then recommended to Congress to take the proper st for his reception. He coulddo no more in official capacity. Iu addition to this, he eent his son to tender to Kossuth the hospitali- ties of the executive mansion. He could do no more in bis official or his individual capacity. We have the authority of (seneral Foote for saying, that his resalution in the Senate, of welcome to Keseuth, introduced at the instanee of Mr. Webster, an Sppcored by the President. And still, the former is hissed, and the latter entirely unncticed a; this editorial banquet. I can scarcely conceive of srseniog: more disgraceful. I assure you your remarks on the occasion have given great and very general satisfaction. The course of the Hrraup, in regard to Kos gath has been marked by great sagacity, as well ae by great prudence. Your article of the Sch inst. contains just and sound views. Like yourself, | do not approve of all he avks. At the same time, Ido not blame him for asking; but it is for the government ard people to grant what they deem lect. I agree with yeu, that if the United tates and Great Britrin, with the consequent oo operation cf France, should adopt the principle of nonintervention which Kossuth asks, there would be no attempt on the part of Russia again to inter- fere in the struggle for Hungarian independence. All would be Sonnet, without the expendi- Tr, or the shedding of a single ro of blood by Great Britain or the United States. Bat if Russia should interfere, what would be the re- sult? You have foretold that as clearly as if it were written with a sunbea: I quote your views, they cannot be too often repeated. “A naval alliance between England, France, and the United States would be competent to hold the Czar fast peer nea boundaries, though al) the Continent without might be trembling under the throes of a gen- ere] revolution. His intervention would, of course, de- manda blockade of the Baltic and the Black Sea, by the combined fleets of the allied powers. Thus, upon the ture two yoars hence. Mr. Clay’ h is ; tro but he is not ‘confined to bed by it. He still attends to his corresponden writes nearly al! his own letters. He yer] the Senate whenever his prosence is req inclement as the weather was yesterday, in- tended to have gone to the capitol and his vote in favor of the Foote resolution, had a vote been taken. of Mr. Marshall's elegant theatre, a des which you gave in the Hgratp some ago, was opened on Monday with an excellent com- pany, under the management ef Mr. Fle: a entleman who has already become a favorits here. he audiences have bees highly fashionable, and the performances we great satisfaction. The President, Mr. Webster, Mr. Crittenden, and nearly all the diplomatic corps, together with most of the distinguished people here, have attended during the week, The eegement on Mond: California Travel. 70 THE RDITOR OF THR BARA te favina House, Dec 2 . In the Herald of this day. under the head of Ni Correspondence, “the citizens of the United States residing in San Juan, or Grey Town’ request the publica tion ofa statement. The statement, in connection, fol- lows, signed at the bottom of the whole article with the Demes Of teven gentlemen, who declare themselves to be the present council, chosen by general election by the people, and that Mr. Green, the English Consul, is chair- man. The article does guins commence an en- t not tell us how Mr. Green becomes the Chairman, and his name is there © who declare themselves as constitutin, vthe Coun- ? 80 that we are to inferthat the eutborit is ururpation in keeping with the whole which appears to have form only to establish tality, We are told. in the same statement, that but two ofthe signers wre Ampricans; and ss the whole document emanates directly from the Couneil, and is signed by them, the irresistable conclueton is, that those twe gentlemen are “the citizens of the United Btates resi- ding at Sap Juan ” Then we should be glad to knew what thote citizens of the United States deat san Jusa, admin- istering @ govern it there in connection with one “Frencbmap,’’ one “native of this coast,” and “a native of Bcotiand,” snd commanding the (jueen’s mun of wartoen- fore tueir usurpations, without being her loyal subjects. If they are not her rubjecta, but citizens of the United States, we ebould be glad to know, slso, what right her majesty bas there, in bail and powder uniform, except to pro- tect ber wa rubjects. aad then to be very modest about it, But here we find her exercising sove it over the acknowledged oftspring of Brother Jonathan, La belle France. the kilted Highlander. the britchesless King of the Moequitians, and two others, whose pedigree: is not told us, The Britich Congul is c’ this Council, when declari man over the gravity of » hat any act, whether re- lating to the city or the harbor. must be approved of by the Council before it can become a law; that all vessels entering the barber must be boarded by # port captain and a port rurgeon, whore duty it is te board all vessels entering the harbor, which are required to harbor ues, except the Erglish mail steamers which are ex- “mpt, because they bring a mgil to and from that place, which exempts any other vessel in like service. ‘This ridiculous document, emanating from that singu- algemated organization. presents the extraordi- that in view of the Prometheus having de- eral times from that port without paying port (ip a free port by treaty). at the same time that “all other veseels arriving and departing paid the a dues. caused a warrant to be issued” (the Counei = ccean, at least, he would be rendered utterly powerless, | proving) for the arrest of the captain of the steamer while the commerce of the world, upon the world’s great | debt. The captain resisted; the Prometheus was drop- highways, would flow on without the slightest int-rrap- | ping down the harbor, aud’ immediately “the English tion or disturbance The combined fleets of Guziand, | brig-cf-war F-xpress got under weigh ; one or two bank France, and the United States more than quadruple tae whole naval power of the rest of the world. They could dictate peace to the Czar at St. Petezeburg, or lay his capital in arher. They contd not only lock him up in the Baltic and the Black Sea, but exterminate his forces in those waters, and give him abundance of employment in the East, by furnishing arms and munitions of war to the Circastians. The Czar, the great dictator ot the Vonti- next, and the powerful protector of absoluti«m, i only serious obstacle to Europe’s liberation; no there be any coalition sufficien: to hold him in except the alliance suggested between the two naval powers of Europe aud the United States.”” I see no danger from such a stand. It is a mat- ter, however, which ought to be maturely con- sidered. Congress, after some delay, has passed the resolution of welcome to Koseuth ; but | have no idea that any action will be had in that body in regard to the principle of non-intervention. Some complain because Senator Seward has taken such a Jead in this matter of welcome. The folly was with Goeral Foote, in withdrawing his resolution. That being done, Seward had sagacity enough to become the champion for the reception of Kos- ruth. He hasgained reputation byit. If any com- pinin of that, it was their folly, and not his fault. x Wasuinoton, Dec. 20, 1851. Movements of Mr. Foote—Printing Contract — Bu reau of the Inte ior—Theatricals, §c. ‘Talk—talk—talk, is the sum and substance of the Goinge of Congrers, 60 far; and from all appearances will form the great staple for months to come Hoxcrable gentlemen have so many private axes to grind, to much capital to make, for their own individual uze, that they have no time, andless inclination, to attend to any measures for the good of the country at large. Thus, in the Senate, Mr. Foote, in order to strengthen position in Mis sissipyi, has occupied the attention of that grave cartridges were fired 4 round shot was then sem: aeress the bow, and anether across the stern, from the brig.”* Thus we bave thevstatement of the councilmen of Greytown, verifying, in ‘every particular, the statement of the captain of the Prometheus as to the outrages, anJ without offering apything in extenuation but # claim for port dues, ‘The accusation that the Prometheus rey Iv called on the authorities and the Captaia of the Eng- leh brig ef war ip the ‘bor, for assistance im quelling insubordination on board their vessel. is pronounced te be afalrehood. But if true. that would not prove a re- cognition of absolute control or custody of police regu- lations on the part of either of them: for aid. in relief of distress, of any character, is always sougat by every versel f any other vessel or any people that may be the moet earily accessible in momentary emergency. ‘The Councilmen cf Greytown cautiously avoided in- treducing into their statement, in vindication of the ac of the English man of war, the following article in the treety ef protection made between this country and Great Britein, for the con-ummation of whichtreaty we are indebted to Mr. Vanderbilt:-— “The government of the United States and Great Britain hereby declare that neither the one nor tke other will ever attain or maintain for itseif auy exclusive control over the raid ship canwi; agreeing that neither will ever erect or inaintain any fortification command- irg the same, or in the vicinity thereof; or eceupy or fortify, or colonize, er astume, or exercise any over Nicaragua, Corta Rica, the Mosquito coast, or any partof Central America; nor will either make use of apy protection which either affords or may afford, or evy aliance which either has or nay have, er to any State cr people, for the puryose of maintaining er erect- ing any such fertification. or occupying. fortifyimg or colonizing Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the soequito coast, or any part of Uebtral America, or sssumiog or exer- cising dominion cover the same; nor will the United States or Great Britain take advantage of any intimacy, or ure any alliance, connection or jaf! © that either may porsers With any State or governme: The Bar Bang 10 THE RUITOR =F THE Not having seen any opinion in your eo’ uume on the eonduct exhibited towards Judge Duer, at the ban- and refpectable bocy, fur a couple of weeks, in dis- | auet given by the New York bor to Korruch, on Friday omni: i d lest. I have taken the liberty of hastily compiling a few cussion on the compromise, gracefully interlarded | jut. ' here tujeot, which Toabasit to yan for publien, with allugions to the distinguished part he has played in oe brought those measures to a suc- eertful issue. But, lev us not be hard upon the erratic little gentleman. He leaves for home on Monday, and perchance he may find it hard work toreturn. He has ce ‘one the State some service, ard we wish him a safe deliverance. The joint committee of Congress on printi have agreed to give the census job to Messrs son and Armstrong, of the Union, avd th | doubt the matter will be thus arrenged. As be- tween the Union and Blair & Rives, we unkesitat- ingly approve of the decigion. It is due to the Union that it should receive this support from its friends, so long as the doctrine of keeping up the party organs by public pap prevails; and that this course will continue to prevail for a con- siderable time longer, is very likely. Asanab- | ttract, no-party, independent, question, the estab- Iiebment of @ national printing oflice as a bureau of the government, posserres many and great ad: but then Congress is not composed of and independent material, and therefore ll the arguments which may bo used in ational printing office, will meet with but small favor. Besides all this, iteannot be denied top. They are directed rather to en imquiry as to the propriety of the ecnduct, than to ite reprehension. ‘The object of Kossuth, in visiting the United States, ix principally to ark cur countenance ae & nation, of HTupgarian independence. and if need be, to throw our force in the reale, in order to outweigh any power ot foreign nation, which may be directed to prevent its attainment. This he must ask us, 66 & nation, to do, either as a matter of principle or asa motter of policy He does not simply submit the question to usas ® propo- sition for our consideration, but urges ite importance cn us by stropg end +l quent reasoning, and we, to give an cpportunity of informing us what he waate us to do, offer him occasions on which to advance his views. The banquet of the bar. on Friday e' Test | wes one of these cecasions. Now, then, if the case of eabibits any disregard on the of any na- py internativnsl principle, BT yk heretofore monly regarded by the world as 0! on en oUF advocacy of ite cause is not with us = matter ofeboice, but « matter of duty see nation, If it exhibits no euch case, then it isa matter of option, and not of duty Inwither case we suppose that what Kos- vuth requeste of us ls not sufficiently self-evident to be clarified. by Dpivertal consent, with ei:her questions of ey or of duty. It therefore rag to taing it forth and give it that clearness which it does net itmelt possess. And it is to thie end that thet tke establishment of s printing buroaa | yin, asic hat ne tiation involtes is alto in. itself open to objection. No one | our country ina matter of duty. Whether daty or poli- familiar wich the mode in whish the great | majority of the clerks under the government work, need be told, that ifthese eame clerks were em. ployed ina merchant's counting office they would , not—doing the fame amount of work they render to Uncle sam—be able to earn their enlt. And if yeu establish » naticnal printing offiee, it would as ence assume the same inertness, the same inefli- ciency which now cheracterizes all the bureaus of Executive or the legisiative branches, whether em- Hoyed at one end of Pennsylvania avenue or the other. If this objeciion could bo overcome, then, indeed, would establishmonf of a national print- —— bea vact improvement on the present fyetem. The Secretary of the Interier;recommends several new bureaus to be established—a census bureau, &n egricultural nwreau, &o., &e. Now, of what | use, in the name of practical common sense, is there | in either of those just mentioned, as permanent in- stitutions. The census, under the constitution, has | oft ce Bad Bove savéied tc e taken every ten years. Under a syatem ef a eo wise” legislation, u Vast amouut of other infor- | Sens It! part irom the more enumeration of ine | dande Ithe hed a invitetation to deliver bos been crdered. to bs gathered for the a Ceneus tables, and the rame was (he oase in #0 Handrede of thousands ot dollars are expend- ‘ng full ef teed.-and heretofore known in ¢ ates os the Engiith black oats; the kernel is very larze On one head we counted eighty-one | whiok there were | end beavy. hurks, in cash one of wo oat gral three We rvested «ix where the land was ploughed only once—the tered on and dragged in, without applying rany other eu to entick the land, the growth. We have seen and ured a bage head, which grew ina common field, feet nine inches im eirctumference, ghivg over thirty ibe; ratabagas, eet, top and root; beets, parsaipe, 8, &e., bat far surpassed anysaing of if withesrod inthe States. Lettuce, spring, will mature, and produce the wound ¢ obert Thompson has now in his | garden. nh peas with well filled pods, which ere | irom the seed of those grown on the Cary * spring. When we take into consideration the | that all these can be Eaes in great abuadance | in Opegor, with leas than balf the labor vecesearity | ured ia the States for their cultivation. we can ¥ and truly sey, Oregon ian “ growing” if mot you a great country. Tho plains and fields aro, at the | present time, clothed mn their richest garniture green, and everything looks more }ike the bloom. ing epring, than that ofthe “sere and yellow wat MARRIED The Oregonian gives the following mar tices :— In thie city, on Tharsday evenir H. Wilbur, Mr. John F. ibemas cavghter of Mrs. Apperton the printer's foe wan't herd te min, Jr. y the reme, on the bere), Lr BH. Gr Holo muckamurk—lalo (um On the same day, t | planted ia the P g. by the ” end rich in agricultural and a lard sffording every vari land of noble golden hills of beautiful runny vales and broad p unbreke he ploughebare of the i a Itiseg and, end wents bat one addition to moke earthly Paradive as certh oan efford t an emigration of reepectable : of rosy-cheeked “down easy” | hall be wives i me ben'ce, and m te native Yankee Ca We war ales ry & social p hey be dt With the introduet f ruch teoe an itfoence, the charms of the gaming table and | onto Mise Tirvab muck Aico, Me. John W. Pattie to Mire ed in proowring this information, and when you haveit, whet does it amount to? Nothing—ab- tolutely nothing’ ‘The reepovse may startle the reader, bat ® moment's reflection will convine udielal man tpt it is eo any The information ed by persons going stoned and acking ery man What the ameunt of his business is—how ach rooney be is making, &e. New, if this in- formation is given at all, 0 is always accompanied by that want of deGaiten that sort of exaggera- tion, whieh renders the fi either far below or above the actual statement made. In the mere matter of ages alcne, it haa bosome a parable that the information given is always mere moonshine; and this want of eeouraey, so unimportant in the mere matter of ogee, is carried into every other brench of the inquiriee, whore the information would | really be desirable. You have then a large maes of figures, given at random, without any responsi- bility, ond whieh aro paraded before the country | at vast expense, nO person in tho end reading them, | or placing any confidence in the reeult. And it i: this ecrt of a bereau—to obtain this dercription of information—which itis now sought to make per- nt. j, As fer the ogrieultural bureax, it haea very tel- | & name, oe & mere matter of buncombe, for the cere, but of what good would it be to them! The mere coilcction of statistics, if doemed neces ary or useful, could be accomplished by a clerk or two attached to the Department of the Interior, wi at the great expenre of an additional bureau. | 1s bave bureaus for practical objects—to bieve real benefits—and not mere visionary of- for the tole benefit of the lucky gentlemen ¢ manogement of them | ely sent his resi, cy if inycived, we contend that each one hae the right to be leord, either chat be way satisfy any oljections whict moy exist in his mind against it being ® point of dut: or Lo enter bis prot «f puiey, Why, then, day vight? Kossuth certi bis views or demands upon us with or without our consent Judge Ducr expresed no bigotted or insult - ing remarks om the subject. Oathe contrary, no one can tw lo obserte how temperate they wore. and with y: at | what ® judicial topartiality they were conceived. The | Yer) lengemge of the toast to whieh Judge Duer wae re- plying *culd seem to bave warranted bim in making dictated by honesty of 1 was chould have afforded hist Mlered a rebuke to his reply. { the pursuit of which iste ' truth by the ciseh of minds—te | OPP wth to etter and to make truth appear more brili‘ent by ite victory over error—this was the profes- sion which denied to cue cf tte most respected members the exereise of rolea¢ which ie the life of its body. Ne od taste condemned the propriety scdrers which did not necessarily bear on any fa! scticn of tore who heard him, ood taste would have forbidden «reply But it war to actuate the fa ture cerduet of his audience that he epoke--instend of ing to avoid. he courted a reply, And shall we ene who, being lea by his admiration of the man to join bis soviety, ba give bi Of our gover te Mungery. ye Kerwath had ee he denied the propriet the coure of unfort 7 te the cause wh. nobly erpoured? Impromptu Lin SUOOKETED PY THE FPEREH OF KOSSUIH. WHkREN HE SAS HE MAS NO HONE ON KANT Ob! sey not ro, thou hast » home, “Tis everywhere thine own, Thowl't find where o'er thy etepe may wend. boarte thy throne for Koerath ret @ heme ee will rise ‘er for bia name Whore height shail roach tie ekles Thy hem Of every Chris Ort One fathe The to take eifee This lersen « on y #2 adopted this Great (ee r that the Legislature, + he He, who 4 adjournment, meet for two years, opportunity of electing his suovestor, than y very alarming sudden failing of pmstanoes he wold net a | and, if ho were to hold over Andis ft nigh; sesrion, 1% would leave a ¥ ‘Thew'lt trace it in the rm iles of earth Mey Mead bb hoa Mee K Lae Logiciae Awd meet it apon bith dew Verb, Yeo ad, Abo, ALIZA ©. UU ALE,