The New York Herald Newspaper, December 18, 1851, Page 6

Interesting Correspondence, Our Marseilles Correspondence. « Marserwes, Nov. 20, 1851. What Sort of a Place is Marseilles? — American Ship- ping—Amerwan Visiters—Politics—The Police Regulations—Kossuth’s Visit—Theatrical and Dhusical, $c., $c. “1 am afraid there is no doubt that it (Marseilles) is a dirty and disagreeable place.” Lam afraid that Mr. Charles Dickens, who is re- sponsible for the above sentence, in & pamphiet called “+ Pictures from Italy,” has become 80 accus- tomed to writo fiction, that it is impossible for him to write fact. But what American ever lends credence to @ beok of travels from the pon of the author of ‘ American Notes?” Marseilles is ‘a beautiful city,” and Dumas is Our Albany Correspondence. Axuany, Deo. 15, 1851. The Rival Railroads Between the Cities of New York and Albany. The public who patronise railroads are becoming greatly dissatisfied with the management of the Hud- son River Railroad. The frequent collisions which have occurred, and the alarming loss of life and limbe occasioned either by accident or culpable care- leseness, since the opening of that road through to this city, has exceeded that on any other road in the country forthe same space of time. The ca- lamity at Croton, that double calamity, has con- tributed very considerably in withdrawing confi- dence, and, consequently, patronage from the road. but just when he se styles it in “ Monte Christo.” Indeed, always excepting ‘* Bella Venezia,” | know not @ more delightful city in southern Europe. Rome and Florence cannot compare with it. Even Naples has not its charming boulevards, and, among ail its imposing views, can present no view mere imposing than that beheld from the lofty for- tress church of Notre Dame de la Garde, of Mar- seilles. It was Sunday morning when we reached here, and ‘among the flags of all nat ons displayed by the ship- ping io the crowded port, none was 80 001 ous aa that of the stars and stri Ours is, indeed, @ most brilliant * bit of bunting” in “‘any crowd.” The American ships here are the Lo} ee ae : N Orleans, Capt il- Be ; Kate Hunter, of Porta- moatb, N Il, just arrived from New Orleans, and bound for Palermo ; Meteor, of Bos- ton, Capt. Robinson, up for freight; Marmora, bark), of New York, Capt Duncan, up for freight; ‘onchitte (bark), of New York, Captain Lane, bound, for Palermo; ship Henry, of Portsmouth, N.H., Capt. Clark, undergoing repairs; Diogenes, of New Orleans, Capt. Silvester, cleared for New Orleans, with a cargo of wines and fruits. The Fairy, of Boston, # bark, was going out of the Be ‘as our steamer entered, on the morning of the 10th. the Americans recently here may be pamed Creneral De a of New York, bound for Algiers; Peter C. Brooks and lady, with Miss Sullivan aad Mies Winthrop, and James Bowdoin, of Boston, and W. H Bardsel! and lady, of Phila- delphia, al! bound for Italy, to pass the winter ; Mrs. Eliza M. Burr, of New York, widow of Aaron Burr, now seventy-five years old, accompanied by her niece, I , en route for Nice, where they winterfor health. Mr. Islam,of New York, is also on his way to Italy; also Mr. Lind. T. &. Zell, of Philade!phia, and Josiah A. Quincy, of Boston, have through here from Italy, en route for Paris, and thence te Mavre and the United States. Edmund Flagg, of St. Louis, United States | Consul at Venice, embarks on the ship Diogenes, | for New Orleans. ius Panon and family, and J. E. Berard, of New York, are residing here. Mr. S. A. Lawrence and lady, with Mrs. Taylor, of Bos- ton, here, om their ay to ltaly. Also, J. T.V Allen, of New York Politicall: , Marseilles may be considered as sus- taniing ite character, ever sin x¢ the reign of terror, of avery quiet city. ‘True, it has agarrison of 6,000 men, and from morning until night, you hearmartial musio, and witnese the movement of troops. In this re! » Marseilles furnishes no exception to every — ether city of Europe. The police re; ions are, jevere, and severely executed. The or- dinance requiring all strangers residing in France to ‘appear within three days at the Matrteand “ regu (arise” their position, by giving a detailed and mi- Bute account of themseives, on pain of expulsion from French territory, has been peculiarly felt, inasmuch as the engers who have sought Frapce as an asylum, have Free eg at ilies in great pumbers. Anarrac of the Pre- September 2, forbidding the lic expo- f any badge or symbol of party, such as red cape, es, Vests, cravats, or ribl ir quite worthy of the Austrian police of Venice There, however, red is s loyal oclor—“ the only wear,” i—while and blue were proscribed. the aut bere got aroused against the decoration—the bit of red ribbon worn in the but- ton hole of every other man you meet in Franee--[ Kaownct. Marseilies is not in a state of seige, and, therefore, the penalties existing in all Italy against the possession of arms, are not known; but the ‘wearing of pistols, knives, loaded canes, clubs, &o., is forbidden by edict, under severe penalties. All Bpplause at theatres, either of sentiments of the | Grama or the performance of the ree. is forbid den until the close’ of the piece Li cafes, caba- rets, and other public places, are forbidden to be opened before day! in the morning, or continue Open after 11 o'clock at night; and political songs ase formally interdicted in such places at al! hcurs of day or night; while any cafe which becomes a place ef rendezvous or re-union for any political party or club, is to be at once closed, and the pro tietor isto be deemed the principal yiolater of law. But I conid Gil letter with a more mioute account of the prudential police provi- Bions of reeilles. Despite all this vigilance and Severity, however, the authonties feel by no means secure; and | was informed to-day, by one whose opision should be of value, that aa outbreak inthis Ayan. at any moment, would astonish no one. ‘ben the Mississippi was here, with Kossuth mand bis associates, the Prefect was perfectly nervous in bis apprehensions; and, in good sooth, this phould seem to have been not altogether without ause They charge the great Hungarian with having endeavored rather to augment than to —— the excitement caused by his presence. At all evente, certain violent publications, said to have been made through the instrumentality of Kossuth or bis friends, m a red journal called Le Peuple, sod which caused it to be seized by the govern- ent, gave rise to a severe letter from Kossuth to ur yo the United States Consul at this port, is which he declares his purpose to quit the Mis- Biesippi at Gibraltar, because he had been accused of “ compromising the United States fag.” Bat | bist letter (as be declares in it an intention to it in the United States) you will doubtless Weseen. A rupture seems a'so to beve taken @ between Captain Long and Kossuth, be- cause (as | am told) the former strove to avoid all Cause of variance with the French government, nd to give no occasion for incre popular ex- citement. Indeed, Captain Long's only excuse for —- st Marseilles or Gibraltar at all, under , is said to have been to complete his sup- lies for the , inasmuch was desired 0 leave eo yy the Si ern ment even before be iter on coal he had urchased for voyage at | write only from earsay, and can, of course, ex; no opinion in ibe matter. There seems considerable complicity a the whole afair. Marseilles has, just now, three or four theatres in fali blest. At the Grand Theatre—whics, by- the-bye, looks much better outside than it does 1 they are performing with much success ia three acts, calied “ Songe d'une Noite dE té ; je Thomas, libretto by Rosier. Pi is ye J a ra St the Theatre de 'Ambigue Comique, at Paris; it contains some very ee mor- ¢rawx of melody, and, despite ihe fearful vio lence done by its plot to history and pro- Dability, isquite an amusing ana effective affair. ; vd, and the lead- ‘The scene is London and Kichm ing characters «{ the piece are than Queen Hlirabeth, Sir Job liam Shakespeare’ ‘Ihe fr turoal féte at a tavern, g | opening to this da; belt the The discharge of two or three condustors, as coolly and formally announced by a few of the directors, gives very little guaranty to the public that more care will, in futured, be exercised; and very little consolation to those two er three dozen sufferers who are now writhing in pain in consequemoe of be- ing crippled, maimed, and broken to fragmenta, bé- cause an aristocratic comductor could not, at the moment, obtainsome twenty cents additional fare. The public are more interested than the appearance of this card of the directors. They demand alogal investigation. This murderous affair requires ox- planation, and these who were the means of thus recklessly sporting with human life and fimb, should be brought before a competent tribunal, the facts legally elicited, and the guilty ones severe- ly punished, as an example to others and a to public agents who are entrusted with the hundreds of persons every night and day. jat the conductors have been ‘ged; and we hear noth- ing farther, whether the company or the authori- ties of Westchester county have arrested them for examination. Weare free to aseert that the pub- lic prosecutor of that ceun'y will be deservedly censurable if he does not immediately investigate the mater, im order that public expectation may be ratified. 7 The system of freighting upon this road is also unsatisfactory to shippers. The directors were well aware that upon the close of navigation they would be required to enter very extensively in the conveyance of ht over the road. Large quan- tities, as expected, have been bg sora at their warehouses for shipment, but the incompetency of the agents and employees, and the juacy of the means of conveyance, has eyed usted many shippers who are in the habit of having their business transacted with promptzess. Complaints of delay, bap of business, and even of inso- lence, a ily occurring, and if men of more busi- ness capacities are not soon at East Albany, as superintendents of freight, immonse quantities will be diverted from the road, and transferred to other routes. A ae will soon exist which will compel the River Railroad Company to offer more liberal wages, and employ more competent men, such as switch tenders, euper- intendents, &c, if they intend to attract travel and freight to their cars. The repens ee ie now opened, and ~ rangements are perfected to carry 3 an fr ns ween this ar wt abt Tock a Pande for ut at pri m former years. The f moo. have made a mistake, how- ever, in exacting an extra dollar per ten on freight sent from the of New York. ‘The price should be uniform. road has always been m: d with skill and care, and from the time of its , it has never been subjected to lents (*) which have occurred on the Hudson River road, during the three months since it was opened throvgh to Greenbush. The Harlem road is now about sufficiently com- plete to convey and freight between this cityand New York. The first train of cars will run through inafewdays. The road meets the Boston road at Chatham Four Comers, some twen- ty miles southeast of this city, and from that point ¢ Harlem cars and engines will run on the Albany and Boston road, making s continuous line from the depot, opposite Albany, to the door of the Astor House, in the city of New Y ork, and vice versa. ¢ Harlem, now finished tous far, will be & formidable competitor with the river road. The difference of some half an hour in time will not be much regarded; and the public confidence which is naturally extended to it, in consequence of enn experienced engineers, conductors, &>, will weig’ mightily in the minds of passengers, and indase many to seek that conveyance in preference to the tiver route. A further extension of this road is now being surveyed, from Ohatham Four ( orners o Lebanon Springs, which will soon be located, and the grading commenced early in the spring, with the intention to complete it in season for the onveyance of passengers direct from New York to Lebanon in the early part of the summer of 1853. The road is to be continued farther norsh, until it strikes the Vermont State line, where it will inter- ect the Beningvonreed, and thus secure the north- ern trave: Our Troy Correspondence: Troy, Dee. 16, 1351. The Attempt to bring Gen. Wool before the People A meeting was held in one of the rooms of the ourt-house in this city, a few evenings since, hav- ing for its object the placing before the public, somewhat prominently, the name of John E. Wool candidate for the next presidency, on the demo- ratic side. As appropriate to the occasion, the assemblage was drawn together by spirit-stirring drums and bugles. The principal actor on the oc casion was John J. Viele, who has worn militia epaulettes at several country parades, and possessod valor sufficient to solicit the appointment of Briga ‘er General during the war with Mexieo. He de- clared that General Wool was the only man that could be elected, as the State of New York would go for him with a rush He scouted the idea of electing Cass, Buchasan, Marey, or Butler. Ex- Senator troll, who has been recently beaten as @ candidate for Senator, made a few re- marks, in which be avowed himself in favor of the candidate for the pany, nominated at altimore; and if Gen. Wool should be there legi- timately nominated, he would cordially support him; but until the national convention made a celection, be (Mr. C.) should not commit himself to any particular name of the half dozen prominent and worthy democrats whose names wil! be submit- ted to the convention. ‘The resolutions nominating General Wool were, notwithstanding, adopted almost unanimously; and so Troy has now a candi- date in the field for the Presidency Now, that General Wool possesses the nocessai ualifications to fill that high office, his most inti- mate and confidential friends do not pretend to affirm. He has never held any civil office, or any position where he hae been able to become ac yainted with the juties of the Pr through lif vice. His experience in public affairs is of another racter, requiring the exercise of a talent in no ner corre-ponding with the reapensibilities and statesmanship requisite for the Presidency nomination is based exclusively upon hie reputation, which is second only to that d by » has been in the m of Suakspeare. Into thie fe males, im mask: hom they to see Shakspeare. These fem Queen Elizabeth and ber friend Ulivi i#, it seems, in love with the post, She course of th fore gots dead drunk grort ture, is the stage direction. The (ue id at this, orders bi conveyed, in his di siumbérs, to the gardens of Kichmond, from the revel undiscovered. in the Shakespeare awakes from his drunkean thinks himself, io a dream, Gens, and the (Queen, shrouded in a veil his good genius, and warns him from t bis ways. The third act is devoted to the devel ment of the mysteries of the first and second, and to the reconciliation of Olivia with her lover, Lord Latimer, who becoming aware of ber nocturnal Fambles, bas become, also, very justly jealous. The fot knight, whose character i# pretty well outlined Bnd personated, plays a secondary, but indiapensa- bie and characteristic part in the whole affair, ibe t piece ie rather a w al drama than on ope ‘ at least two-thirds of it is dialogue. To one fami liar with the character and soon ¢ piece is irre amusing, from the ii) Shakepeare, the busband of one wi t of @ family of children, & young ar That ugly old prade and vixen absurdity of ite and dashing fath r roving about at night under & mack, with asingle | female attendant, to tavern org n love with a ay Nd Joba of Windsor, who, if he ever | ° and the Maidea Qa playing a cha- | ra part in these prepotterour intrig | A s, L repeat, is resistiowsly amuring ay th 3 a Montes danced an engagement be ‘ nited States ay bew And ew ten nowh ir 7 "i te f service forty years when a young man, ana aleo in the late war with Mexico, he acquitted himself nobly, and distin. d bimself as an unrivalled discip|\inart: nd prudent commander, and the bravest There is no man in the country better H expedition, and « of any duty, General Wool. He discipline on the field, and bis od received in battle, io not qualify him fi ng over the civil as wel the mil t and constant!» increasing atthismom , agrave matter agitating the minds of the pr of this country, recently sprung up, which tance of oonsilerit m n us to the impor be expediency of clovating a to the Presid and tha need by K th, askin; to stand between Hungary repoe. This is a momentous ¢ eof more importance, as relatin our star ; with foreign nations, than any that hasev en mooted. Our rulers must exercise the gr st care and caution, lest they involve us in the rrels of foreign nations. To elevate « man ¢ to the head of the country, at such a period i be extremely hasardous, at least Hew ¢ natarally cl the eword than the pen of acy. He would be more apt to usen aden argument than to eubmit one from b Le ards wrorg movement in treating with na he would find more difficult to correct than tion ma nm the course of mancuvring atte briged Troy, Deo. 18, 1861 General Wool at Home—The War Horse on the Pr dential Comrce— Democratic Mesteng—Sprerhe Resokutioms— Addret:—Enthusiaom, & The democracy of Troe end Ren mere - eral Woal's home—bave apok t k Jeciared in favor of bis nomi . cratic lieved | No 1, Henry Manon; No. 2 Jas @.¥ , No 8, Robert andy To be Becomd Assisten 9.--No_ 1, | George T W. Logan; No. 2 Mo ery Fletoher; Ne. candidate for the Presidency. It was be- to be propor that these whe knew the Geae- ral best—those who had mingled with him inthe sosial relations of life, anf were in a position, there- fore, to appreciate most fully his merite—should first raise the banner for their distinguished fellew- citizen; and it was, therefore, determined to bold public meeting, to give expression to their pre- ferences, and direction to their sentiments. The meoting was held at the Court House, in this city, last evening, and the call was responded to by the attendance ofa large number of the ‘unterrified,” both from the city and country towns. Every portion of the large room was filled. Hon. Joseph M. Warren, Mayor of the city, was galled to | the chair; and # aumber of Vice Presidents and Secretaries, embracing some of the leading and most influential democrats of the city and county, ost active young dem: It might be aid he bad been. dimoscas from his tafanoy, s . His brilliant services in the war of 1812, at Queenstown, and along the Lake hamplais sudsequ 0n- discharge of important pone iy» entrusted to him by the govern- ment, in which be cere administrative talents oftthe highest order—in Europe—through the Chero- kee country—on our northern e's Gar the Canadian rebellion—his brilliant m: in Maxico —his important services in the battle of Baens Vista --all these wore dwelt Spo, ant mised, Se wsiafes to the Kighest honors ts @ gift to bestow. x The resolutions were read by Gen. Vicle. They set forth democratic doctrine, declare in favor of —— ie ofthe peopl his © dlatriot™ ta. favor ference ) Gen, Wool’s no: for the Presidency. The address is an able production, and eloquently presenta the reasons upon which the preference for Gen. Wool is based. a Speeches were made by Messrs. Viole, Raymond, and others. The former declared his belief that neither Cass or Marcy could carry New York: Wool could, and, if nominated, would be triamph- antly elected. The demonstration was most enthusiastic, and lainly indicated the sentiments of the democrasy E favor of Gen. Wool, by hia political friends at home. Asa compliment, this is no mean tribute to our distinguished fellow-citizen ; while, as a politi- cal nt, it will serve to show the democracy of the Union the regard in which he is hold by those who know him es a citizen as well as military chiof- teim.—Yours,&e, yf Our Baltimore Correspondence. Barrnsone, Decemter 16, 1861 Cold Weather and Destructive Firee—Noble Rescue—Arvival of the Liberia Packet— Religious Blission, $c. Yesterday was a cold, winterish day, the first of the searon, and the manufacture of ice is still progressing, with the prospect of a good harvest. As @ suitable accompaniment to the cold weather, there was quite @ number of firesduring Saturday night and yesterday. The first fire, at 40’clock yesterday morning, destroyed the fine brick church of the Emmanuel German Evangelical Association, cn the corner of Camden and Eutaw streets, leaving nothing but the bare walls stand- . There was on insurance of $3.000 in the Firemen’s office, onthe building. The fire originated in the lumber yard of Messrs Hiss & Austin, adjoining, which was da. moged to the extent of about $1,600, the amount of their insurance in the Associated Firemen’s office. The barn and stable of the country residence of John Glenn, Esq, was also destroyed yesterday, and last night an immense barn, near the Alms House, was burnt. On Saturday night. at the residence of Mr. J. D. Bichalberger, in West street. fire was acciden- tally communicated tos bed in which two ef his children Liverty Company, Mr Henry Ryen, ruched threugh the ir. Hen: , Tus! 5 flames and Teswaed the children before they were se- riously burnt. Mr. Ryan was seriously burnt himself, in his hands end face, whilst nearly all the hair was burnt off bis bead. ‘The bark Liberia Packet, Captain Home, arrived at this pert on Saturday evening, in fifty days from Li- berta, with a ci ot oil and cam wood, consigned to Dr. James Hall. Eli and Sybil Jones, of Maine, min- isters of the Laroye | of Friends, returned in the Packet, after an absence of five months in Africa, during which they enjoyed good health, visited all the American colonies, and were much with all they saw in the colony. The Packet will sail for Liberia again on the Sirt imst., and it is expected will take ou! a large rumber of emigrants jaryland and Virginis, The Rev. J.A Peyton and Key. K. Mallen have ar- rived in this city, deputed by the Archbishop and Bish- ops of d,to solicit subscriptions for founding a a:holic University. Our Philadelphia Correspondence. Puicaverr mia, Dee 16, 1851. Decision of our New Supreme Court--Boring the Marshal Triennial Parade of our Firemen. A case has long been pending in our Supreme Court, brought by our merchants, who conceived that a por- tion of the half million dollars devised by the late Ste. phew Girard for the improvement of the Delaware front shculd be used in dredging out their private docks, The decision was pronounced, this morning, by the new Judges, denying any such application of the funds, and deoiding that dock owners pay for dredging Our Marshal of Police has his full about this time in the inspection of candidates for his police force during the ensuing year. He has to of about five hundred returned to bi iy Couneils and other corporate authorities. Meanwhile, he is bored by politicians and others for the selection of certain favorites of their own, who till were in pressing their claims, despite an exp: determina- tien not to be guided by any such recommendations. Our Fire Department bas resolved to parade on the third of May, instead of the twenty.seventh of March, hich is the anniversary of the Fire Association The ge bas beew made in consequence of the day gene- proving stormy. ick his rally Our Curacoa Correspondence. Istaxp or Ovnacoa, Nov. 22, 1851 Important to Mariners—New Packet Line to New Yerk You will confer a great fevor on mariners, who may be trading im the Caribbean Sea, by giving the following an insertion in your valuable and widely circulated journa. On the 15ch of the present month, the light house on the island of Little Curacca (which was to have been lighted tome months ago,) was lighted; the light is a red fixed one, and can be seen dietinetly from all points of the compass three leagues off The new steamship Berta Hassasowits, arrived here a | few days ago from Baltimore. She is intended to run as 4 packet between this inland, 8t. Thomas, Laguayra, and | Porto Cabello; ber cabins are fitted up very handsomely, and will scquisition to the travelling o - In addition to the steamer. there are two oot - Esther sod Morris, (the latter new ited States,) that ran as ular NEW MEXICO, Our Santa Ve Correspondence. Santa Fx, New Mexico, } November 1, 1851. The Navaho Expedition—Ms Safe Rewn—The “ Canon Bonito” —The Valley of Chaide—Wow ders of Geology—Bullets and Arrows, and the De scensus Averni— Redskins, Pumpkins and Para- dise—Gold and Silver, and Prectous Stones, and the City Within a Rock—Murder and Massacre Just “the Wonder of an How”—The Way Horses change Owners in New Mexico, whichis @ Matter of Cowrse--A Fight, Fowr Warriors Bite the Dust —We Must Drink Water Instead of Generous Wine, Must Throw Down the Miner’s Pick, and gather owr Herds from a Thousand Hills, into Safe Enclosures-- Wanted, a Western Mam for Presi- dent. Dxgar Sin:—In my last letter I mado mention of the departure from this territory ef a large military force, under the command of our new commander, Col. Sumner, against the Navaho tribe of Indians; and [ expected to be able, by this time, to inform you of a brilliant termination to that campaign. But all future events are uncertain, and often bring disappointment to those who are sanguine onough to mistake their hopes for their expectations Wo, of this territory, have been somew! disap) inted at the result of this expeditien—some so much 80 as to cast, what tho writer believes to be,unjust cen- sure upon the commander of the expedition. His motives were good, and his efforts to accomplish something were energetic and A iyecreienee 2 Suo- cess is sure to beget praise in all things; misfortune is either unaccompanied by sympathy, or followed by condemnation Justice requires that credit should be given for whatever good may have result- ed from the expedition. The country to be traversed was one of much ruggedness, and was often, fer many mil Hes george pile 1 ee ees ho country, to the True, this feat has often been accomplished before; but no previous expedition thither has ever smoothed the way for succeeding one. The Colonel dashed ly into the valley, ‘bearding the lion in his den,” and often harenriag as he thought Proper, retired from the valley without injury, notwith- standing the enemy kept up an incessant fire upon bim from the inaccessible crags on either side. The ignorance of the savages was such that it would seem they regarded the Colonel’s couater- march, in instance, in the light of a retreat. That they entertained this ridiculous ides is to be om the fact that they not only had the audacity to maintain their ground among the cliffs of the valley of Chaille, but even to pursue aod harrass the troops on their return home. One In- ppc bar his life cores this temerity ny nant per expedition returned without any men, but, it is said, considerable in horses. But it is grati to know that our loss was not the gain of the Indians, as all ex! horses were 9 to —— their falling into the hands of the enemy. hilst in the country of the Navajoes, the com- manding officer established a fort at tiful valley, hence called by the Mexicans “Canon Bo- nito.” The establishment of this post is valuable, as proving tothe Navahoes that the Americans have ngt only the courage to penetrate within their =) but to take possession of it, and reside there. A word, in passing, about this ‘valley of Chaille,” or, as it is more commo! “canon of Chaille.” It must be, without a doubt, one of the most extraordinary geol curiosities in the known world. The canon is nothing more nor less than a split, or crack, in the surface of the earth, which is not more than four or five hundred in width, and fully twelve hundred feet in bh. The length of earthly rent the Lord and the Navahoes only know, as I have never heard of a white man's penetrating more than eight or ten milet, and that was about the distance that Col. Sumner penetrated. The walls of this vast cavity are perpendicular throughout their entire length— at least so perpendicular, that a horse can nowhere climb them, nor even # man, save in a very few piso Frem these giddy but safe heights the wild odians launched their arrows, during the whole day, at the American army. But arrows and balls were both harmless—the latter from the fact that they were overshot, in almost every instance. The capon becomes gradually narrower the farther you advance within it, until at length it becomes so narrow as to make it an easy matter for the Indians to exterminate any number ef men who may be ash enough to advance so far, by arly * ing ig them, by rol tones upon their heads; or ng upon them large boulders down the perpendicu- ‘ar precipice. ‘Twelve hundred feet, I have said, from the com- won surface of the earth, is the bottom of this great canon. The bottom is very small, of course, but level, and exceedingly fertile. This is the garden spot, the paradise, of the Navahoes. Here are tound laxuriant fields of wheat and maize, orchards of delicious peaches, and patches teeming with pumpkins, melons, &e, &o. Im the face of the precipices om either side, are the houses, natural Sé Well as artificial. of the wild Navaho. This is the Petrea of the New World, the city ia a rock, endit isthe stronghold of the powerfal vaho nation. This is their only permanent idin, place; and it is here that they have hidden a: stored away, generation after generation, the rich — in gold, and silver, and ‘ious stones, that they have carried off, by superior valor, from their more refined, but more nate neighbors, the New Mexicans. Indian depredations upon this poor and neglected | territory, I could recount you by the hour ; but they are of such common eccurrence that they are care- jessly mentioned as the news of the day, and for- gotten = Le Pere hana I Le pee men- tion only the st forays—only a fow se bat already rapidly passing into Mitton og _ Twenty miles from here—the ‘City of the Holy Faith” —tho capital of the venerable territory of Mexico—at a town called Pena Blanca, were tly grazing upon the common a noble herd of borses and mules, some one or two hundred ia num- ber, when, unlike the thief in the night, but very suddenly, when the was in the zenith, there came down «few Navaho warriors, in all thoir impudence, and drove them away to the valley of Chaille, I presume quietly smoking their cigarritos all the time. Again: — batt ago mone, sts or om Ameori- cans, @ jon e travel Captain Walkers famous and valiant ha Ri attacked, within fifteen miles of Albuq’ some seventy or eighty Navahoes. The 008 came off ‘second best” in the conflict, but one American being wounded, and four Indian warriors being killed. The territory is at present in a very depressed ondition, owing to an unusual scarcity of money. ince the Americans came in possession of the , the expenditures of the army re been its only resource. Those ex: yy have count about 908 packets between Bt. Thomas and this island ey | amounted to quite a large sum; but, doubtices, the leave each port alternately. twice every month. thus lay- |; it inducements to invalids and others who | | ing out may wish to spend s winter in the tropics. } Sourn Caronina Ononancr li erort.—Major Tra- pier, the Chief ef the Ordnance Department of South Carolina, bas, at the call of the ture, made a report, of which the following is an abstract: —The con- t for heavy guns was given to a Richmond con- The origiaal contract included 12 twenty-four ns. 8 ten inch mortars, (siege,) and 4 eight inch €olumbiads; to which was afterwards added 20 twenty four pounders, and 4 eight inch siege howitzers Thirty. two twenty-four pounders have been fiaished and inspected—the remainder of the gums to be ready about the 16th December. The contrect for small arms, (viz 6060 muskets, 1000 riffes, 1,000 pire of pistols 1000 sabres, and 1,000 artillery «words,) has been taken by lenars. Glaze & Flegg. of Columbia~all to be mana- fectured in this State, The delivery of these arms in Jani 1862, and to be completed by the Ist of January, 1859, Mensre. Glaze & Flagg have also taken a contract to alter a large portion of the flint lock muskets bel ing tothe Btate to percussion locks Six hundred h been already altered. The contracts for furnishing in fantry, cavalry. and artillery accoutrements. have been given to 8 M. Howell, of Columbia and RB McKenzie, of Charleston. These accoutrements are expected to be finished by let May, 1862 The contract for gun carriages bas been given to ©. Werner. of Charleston Contracts for projectiles have been made with Mesers on, of Charleston, and the Spartanburg [ron Works company. The whole contract embraces abvut 17,000 lis and shells. Bighty thousand po been contracted for with the Hazard Com @ Been compl ’ erected at Magnolia. neat Uhari«s lon. where tbe company has brea heretofore inatructed snd drilled Attention te called to the condition of the or-enai at thi« place, and it is eecommended that addi tional pillars be placed t the first floor. It is also sted that appropriations br he rorgunines attached to the inoney passed through the M { which $60 461 67 has been The amount is $75,000, Naval Intelligence, xes—The examining Board of Chief rs which was convened at Philadelphia the y the order of the Becretary of the Navy, have Nava cf thore ho peared the board fed for promotion. To be com 4 are pronounced qual ore in the United States navy —No 1, Wm K. Bverett; No. 2.dae W. King. To be First Assdstant Bngineers:— as Ohief Bngi- | Wm H King: No 4,R ©. Potts; No 6, Jan M. Ad 6.6.8 B Keox; No 7, D, T Mapes; No 8 A.W ‘The United Btetes sloop of Portamon‘h tyrnie, railed ror: Merton on Tuetday it portioa of the money ex; fow ti pended, not New Mexico, but in the m whence the substantials of life, as been brought Perha) $500,000 are thus annually expended in tl vory, and this, 4 my would gladly oxc or peace, that is for a good government; since it be obvious to the most shallow thinker that sixty or seventy thousand inhabitants of the territery could yearly add many millions to ite hey could work their gold and silver 8 in safety, and herd their flocks afar off upon be luxuriant prairies Would that New Mexico wore our own, and not the Indians; then would a fow short years witness be exportation from her limits of vast quantities { the finest wine the world has ever produced; he would furnish millions of pounds of wool to the public of Mexico; and she would give to the world anoually an amount of gold and silver that sould astonish even @ Califorman. Hut men of the Atlantic States, who inhabit that arrow ribbon Na soil, which lies east of the Auegbesy mountains, when put into the great Federal Executive offiecs at Washington, find hemeelves unable to comprehend the magnitude, the rights, and the wants of that portion of the North Ameriean, which lies wos} of the Allogha- vies’ We must have a Western man in tho Prosi- dential chair, before tho people of the Groat West will be thought of more account than the oysters of the Chesapeake. OH to support stationed in New Mexico, is ex- States, Jate Events ani Condition of Things in New Mexico lehall try and drop you a line or two once ina while, ae the epirit may movo; for away out in these ends of nowhere, we only hear from your ci vilized region onee in each moon; and as you, no doubt, have many means of learning our ways and doings, 1 nood not enter into particulars, as far as emall matters are concerned. But here goes, at random First. Since the commencement of the last spring's campaign of the N Indians upon the set- tloments or frontier ranchos of New Mexico—from tho first descent upon our worthy and reapocted Mayor's stock, (Robert Nesbit, Neq.,) of which stook they ran off with one hundred aod twenty. eeven head of males and horses, killing one man z others, they have boon maseasing in plain and woundir heir dep: odations, t 2 North called, ly, events, he had not time voted city, where his to come by way of our de- prosonce was much needed; but he probably had pressing basiness which pre- vented him. All right, I suppose. for our military nt as & couple of dozen of old are a8 about as efficie: grannies. When will we be protected it to bod ® moun- Third. Our worthy Governor was bro’ about election time. He had conccive tain, but brought forth only a mouse, and a very little one at that. one @ native of your city of Now Versarts son of | es Ideas of ancs Company. But asl pre« ee by nine sheet, at prosent, except that the ro- mains of Skinner, Esq. wore brought to this city, and interred by the I O. of 0. I’., of which he was a member, together with a pro ceasion of ree Masons, members of the lature, bar, City Council, ke We have plerty of rain latterly, but not in time to save our crops, which will not tyrn out more than two-thirds the general yield. We are jogging along as usual, marry and being given in marriage. Our new Catholic bishop seems to give sa! ction to the people. The health of our country is good —indeed, we are elevated se far above ray city of Gotham, that disease can scarcely climb up to us. Your paper is the paper here, but you must give Uncle Sam some advice as to our wants and nocossities, for he does not certain!y comprehend them. Our election will be contested, and justly, too—our judges have got drunk, and ove has gone to the States, to help bis favorite man for delegate to represent ua through, although he tried to persuade us, poor plebeians, that he was going to Bet our organic law altered for us. Captain Reynolds was honestly elected, though I must confess I was op- posed to him, but he has been very busy in his effo: to have the eeat contested: how it turn out I know not, as 1am no politician. Send paper, but they will steal it sometimes, somewhere on the route. Yours, a8 usual, Tyro. P.S—I bore just thia moment learned that the Navajo Indians have attacked Captain Walker's California Company, abeut eighteen miles from Albequeque. one of our military posts, and shot ene man, and ran off several of their animals. When wilt our government quit talking, at al for us ‘ two Americ, sume you have seen it all ia our 1 will sap on ee m. C. Newepapes Account. We bare received papers from Saate Fe to November 1, The Gazette contains on account of the examination of Juan Cristobal Armijo, who stood charged with the murder of Wm C. Skinner. He was admitted to bail, end subsequently discharged by the grand jury. The Gazette ctiaracteriaes the whole proceeding as farcical. In relation to the crops in New Mexico, the Gazette says: We notice in some of our exchange rs accounts of failure in the corm cropa of New Mexico, prospective famine, ke. These accounts are not correct. The eorn crop im the territory, so far as we have been able to learn, with the exception of Taos valley. is very good. The enly comp’aint we have heard is, that owing to the pre- rent policy of the Military Department, there is no mar- ket for the corm that has been raised. Although the beginning of the season was very unpromising for every- thing of the vegetable kind, yet the crops have et ly surpassed all our expectations, A dent of the Bt Louis Repudlicon, under date of Santa Fe, October 27th, writes as follows concerning ld excitement on the Gils:— is great excitement all through the lower paet of this countryjabout some rich gold discoveries on the Gila. There are now out, near the celebrated copper mines, which are on the waters of the Gils, and about one hundred and fifty miles from Becorro, ‘not at some points more than seventy miles from the Rio del Norte, a number of pining pes from Boeorro and its neighborhood, who are actively engaged 2 digging the earth and washing the ore. reports from there show that the business is very promising. One party of three men have succeeded in working an ounce oegola a day. or over fi @ dollars to each hand. ‘The excitement is , and parties are now making u, ou fon aemis Abajo country. 100 miles below this It is highly probable, from all{can learn now, that the gold deportes on the Gils, not far from our sottlements, are = _ and oes oe in this territory, with the exception javajoes. are professediy friendly, and do mot seem at this time to be doing any mischief to the whites, The Union Lottery. ‘ To THE ce ge On , The time ie approac! when roperty of this incorporation, consisting of Sograrings oil paintings, in costly frames, which have been pur. chased by them, are to be distributed among the subseribers by lottery—a chance;_and that the wheel of fortune is to be put upon a stage or — (as was formerly done by the managers of lotteries in the Park), and the numbers put therein by two parties, called “‘scrutinizers,” under a scheme devised as towbat drawing numbers should be entitled to the highest prizes. When the tickets, or sumbers, are thus deposited in the wheel, the drawing is to be presided over Mayors of the cities of New by the | York and Brooklyn, and the prizes distributed by two distinguished and wealthy citizens. This lot- tery isto take place in the presence of what are called subscribers, who hold each a certificate, or d, and who will assemble un- nd eagerness of hope and apes at all times characterize all gambling ‘tions. There is, no doubt, a large majority of our oiti- zens who, from the imposing array of namos, comprising our most respectable and influential members of the — including, also, some of our high officials, aro under the impression that this annual distribution—by TO] of the fa that is oon- lot, as it is called—of tho Art Unien, is not a lottery, ani ducted under authority of law, and with the constitution and statute la and hence they purchase annuall, specious garb of subscribers’ shares or tickets, which are offered for sale at the various depots or agencies of theincorporation. t is needless to add that the inducement to do this is net so much the encouragement of the fine arts as it is the hope of drawing @ prize, or, in other words, the chance that the number of their ticket may come out of the wheel of fortune, and entitle them to @ valuable oil painting, with a gorgeous frame—which they could ell for from @ to $1,000—which was offered for one or two, which was thus drawn by a for- tunate ehare-holder at one of their recent dra Our citizens are also under the impression that the charter of the Art Union authorizes this distri- bution by lottery—an opinion which has been indus- triously circulated and generally believed. Now, although it is tiue that our laws aro net like those of Caligula—placed so high that the people could not read them—yet most of them, from the nocos- sity of the case, are unacquainted with a mass of the laws of the State, which do not immediately affect or conflict with their interests or pursuits. It is only necessary, therefore, to show our law-abidi: people that not only this scheme of lottery ado, by the managers of the Art Union, yw 4 clearly vielates the constitution of this State, and the statutory provisions passed in pursuance thereof, bat that they have forfeited their charter, and sab- jected themselves to the penalties and action of the constituted authorities By the constitution of 1821, and the present one of TS46, all lotteries wore forever prohibited in this State. At the adoption of the first named, there were several lottery grants which could not be in- terfered with until the period for which thoss grante were givon had oxpired; but no now grants could be made, of any kind ‘Those statutory provisions will be found in the first and succeeding editions of our Kevised Statutes, under the head of ‘ Kafling and Lotteries.” Section 22 of article 4 provides that “no person sball set up or propose any money, goods, chattels, or things in action, to bo raffled for, or te te distributed by lot or chance, to any person who rhall have paid, or contracted to pay, any valuable consideration for the chanoe obtaining such money, good, or things, in aot! Seo. 23.—No person shall raffle for any sum of money, goods, or things in action, or becom rested in the distribution of any money things in action, by lot or chance Seo. 21—Makes all contracts, agreements and ecurities made or executed for or on account of ony rafile or distribution of money, goods, or things n notion, &o, in consideration of ® ohance in arafiic or dietribation, or for the dolivery of om cney, goods, &o., to bo railed for or to be distri uted, utterly void co. 25—Provides that any person who shall have paid apy money, , for a chance or interost n such tafile or tion, may sve for and ro vor the same Hence every su’ snes in the Art Union lottery, poration 2%—Providos that any lottery, gamo, or ioe of chanoe, in tho nature of a lottory, by what- r name it may be called, shall be deemed unlaw- v/, and a common and public nuisance 20. 27-—No porson, &o, shall, within this State, pen, cet on foot, carry oo, prom tdraw pub | for meanor, and, on conviotio ties or arin acl tery, or amount cannot be ascertain both, in of the court. Sec. 29, 30, and 31, create penalties for procuring, or ending Hokett i for offering any propert; upon ae the forfeiture of the for sale or distribution, and make it the duty of the district attorneys to demand, sue for, and recover, in behalf of the State, all property 20 forfeited, and to pe the ds into the county treasury, for tia tho poor. . 33 forfeits all 8 drawn in any lotte: forbiden by law, fy of the poor, and Aero the dut a the overseers of the poorfiel the towa where the person or persons drawing such prise, or any of them, shall reside, to sue fer the same in their names; and they shall recover the zame in an action for money had and received. Such are our statute laws, pursuant to the eoa- stitution; and nothing can be clearer as to their application to the lottery achomé and device peor ted by the Art Union for the distribution of the! property eer wey of lot or chance, and no- thing can clearer than that it is, in all ite essential siements, and to all intents and pur- ery. Tho third section Hho them the power to make euch @ constitution, by-laws, time a lana a4 Sate ll hink er, but same time restricts them to the following objects: — 1. For prescribing their respective functions and the mole of discharging the same ; 2. For the ad- mission of new members; 3. For t! the officers and members; 4 For rogt the annual contributions towards the fonds, the time of meeting, and for expelling members not con- forming to the constitution, by-! regula- peop ate is conan om - io 2 coe an thei; rtered powers ai }, whic! Yy. last section it 13 expressly provided that they shali possess the gem wers, and be aubject tothe restrictions and liabilities prescribed in tho Third Title of Chapter xviii of tho Tirat Part of tho Revised Statutes of this State, the sixth eab- division of the first section of which is as fol- lows:—*To make by-laws not inconsistent with apy law of this State for the man: nt of ite ogulat of its a and the tock.” Itis here obvious that the ssociation can have no pores beyond those 2 Bre scribed “to it by the act of incorporation, which in no respect authorizes them to dispose of their property by lottery, devise, or game of chance; pe boss sixth p soregeace of sae. | act rela- tive to incorporations, as previously state Pha shoo 1, prohibite them, from making any by-laws incon- stent with any law of the State. hat these atatute laws are, have boon seen; and, not withsteand- ing, they do, in open and ble violation of these statutes, distribute by a device, or sehome, and by lottery, let, or chance, the property of the assoeiation, in the face of these well known stat- utes—at least, well knewn to the managers aad those officials whose duty it is to admi the law against offenders. It is true that, by the fourtia section of the act of January 29, 1814, which ob the mame to the present one of Art Union, the words distribution of works of art, provided for ia the constitution thereof, and the annual election of officers, was changed, and provided to be held on the first Friday preceding the 25th December; aad that the twentieth article of the constitution of the Association, adopted December, 1847, provides for the hase or production of works of art, rincipally paintings, shal) be distributed publioly by lot, each member having one share for every $ paid. But this gives the association no authority or power to make a lottery, or to distribute these prizes in the oil paintings | eee such dovice or scheme. Nor did the Legislature, nor the act, when it provided for the annual distribution on a different day, mean, by referriuog to the constita- tion, of the provision then oxisting of the association, to sanction or legalize any su0b thing as @ lottery of the Art Union. If they did, then are all our statutes, in effect, repealed relating to games of chance and distribution of one perty, money, and things in action, provided they ure not called by the name of lottery; for, if this is for of any not a lottery, a gal f chance, whieh givos ove ticket holder, costing 26h mht» $1,000, and another an en; etching, or woodcut, worth less than $5, or a blank, and the operation of which is to leave a large profit to tho managers—* a rore by some other name which deos not smell as eweet.” And if such things be so, it is time the pub- lic should know it, for such a monopoly should not be confined to an association because the managers ed associates hay to be rich, influential, and the highly respectable aristocracy of our city. And f they are sanctioned by law, a public opinion “overtopping law” and these who are entrusted with the administration of law sanction it, thea games of chance and gambling should also be tole- rated, and lottery tickets sold, provided the mana- gers of lotteries only call their tickets, shares, or subscriptions for the sonerearnet of building churches and academies of science. Selli po- licies in these games of chance is also legal, certainly. Uf drawing of the pictures o! the Art Union is right and legal. The sale of policies, which are nothing more than bets upon the numbers and value of the pictures drawn, in which the policy vender, for a considera- tion of one dollar, offers to pay sixty dollars If the numbers designated in the lottery scheme of the Art Union comes out the highest priced picture, and he can issue polisy to any holder or holders of tickets. If the one is legal the other is equally 30; and if the Art Union lottery scheme and drawing goes on, then every policy and loteery ticket vendor, if arrested, can turn upon end arrest the managers ef the Art Union, and the venders of their shares. In this country the laws and their operation should be equal, and not one law for the rich and another for oor. It has been well said that improved the breed of horses, and answered, true, but it wae at the expense of the morals of the ple. Does not t! pply to the Art Union? Art Union, TO THE BDITOK CF THE MERALD ‘ir—In addition to the questions to tho ma- nagers, published in the Huraxon of the L5ta inst, permit me to ask the following: — Why have they this year deviated from the cus- tom et Art Unions, to which they have heretofore conformed, of publishing an annual rt of trans actions, with an alphabetical list of s' ribors? Hlow much per year, according to their estimate, is paid by for freight of pictures, from Kome, Florenee, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Boston, and many other places in Europe and Americal What pro- portion of them are purchased! How much is paid tor the return freight, boxing, ke 7 How much is paid by the [wn] fortunate drawers, for freight’ And hat is the difference, in expenses of this . between their pian, which requires that al! pictures, to have a choice to be sold, must be sent to their ehop in Broadway, and the plans of the London, the , and New En id Art Unions, which prize drawers to select their own works, wherever they fird it convenient! Why did they not publish, in their bullotia, the whole of the London Art wp tes bane of = only that part which gives them faint praise, quali- fied by damning seinen t retract or proved their asser- * copies of the Vono- ” painted by me, which assertion Pi { gubliciy declared to be uatrue, and & calumny? J. K. Fisner 2 of the South Carolina Legiriature, proposition to re- peal eo much of the act of 1800 as relates to the @ convention, has been defeated by @ decided vote. mir get, of Charles! or the hat the people had already taken this matter nto their own hands. and, through the late election fr members to a Bouthern Congress, had declared their opporition to ® call of the convertion, composed, as tt well known to be. of those who do not represent the of the people in the premises the B.C. senate Mr. Gist, Senator from Wanion, offered the following preambie and resolution, viz — W hereas the people of South Jarolina, in the late olee- tion for delegates to the Southern Congress, heve de- cided against secession without co operation, for past ions; and have also decided not to submit to and whereas the ether Southern States have re- rate ip secession Kesolved, that in fixing the day for assembling the convention. it wae to enabl capacity, to resort to euch je of resistence as they termine on; and to vindicate the Btate from the one #0 lavishly cast upon her, thatshe hes eub- , ip common with the other Aoutherm States, to the past aggressions of the federal government. After rome Little disoussion, the preamble was strickea out. and the resolution sitered to read as follows — Resolved, That in fixing the day for assembling th* convention it was to eral e the people in their sovereign capacity to resort to such modes as they may determine on, &o., and then adopted Considerable excitemen prevailed during the discus meeting of the democracy of Wi ded by Cel dopted — 7 re-nfirm the t bE cratic Convention beld in Baltimore in ¢ leading doctrines of their party, w pared to unite wit! ot the Union in th om which they their brethren from all_ ave navans for Previdemt in 1952 Col Benton's friewde, in Missouri, havegnominated bim peters. and recommend the nominetion of Willism ©. Butler for the Presideney aud Henry Dodge, of Lows fot the Vice Presidency A “Beott and Crittenden Clab by the wh that venticn hes been organized of Weetmoreiand county Pa, who declare people are determined to go for Soot 08 BO copYention