The New York Herald Newspaper, December 2, 1851, Page 2

SEESE 3 at e tEe é i i = 8 F3 bl Fe for, at his first con- rence with Secretary Castellan, questions wore brought up which forbade » full recognitiea of him ae the “American Charge ” just then ; and, imme- diately afterwards, the revolution or rebellion Mr. Kerr. with some sort cy it his government, eo _new steamer Cen- ake, and is pow ply- the rapids syed ee, are end ssengers ous . PR H. D. 3. The intelligence from California by the P. is no later, but we are enabled to give additional details, ‘The affairs of the clipper Challenge continued to ereate great excitement. -The mate,Mr. Douglass, “bad been arrested about eight miles “from San ing regularly between Viegia Bay) with’ the Francisco, and lodged iu prison. A letter dated fan Francisco, Oct. 31, say#:— - Capt. Land, formerly of the ship Helena, took c! of the ship this ; the mob seized him + ‘and carried him on shore, it hat ‘Decomte known that ee a gag? clothes, but ing him. He bi reseued by several of his mot, however, be- re there had been threats of him, by the mob, beoaure they could not find a or his mate. ‘The Challenge is in charge of the harbor master, Capt. @ e Bimj , ® man well knowm and much esteemed by rallore and watermen, and he her from berm. Her diseharging, however, be greatly de- Jayed. Our Califor: Correspondence. San Franeisco, Nov. 1, 1851. Miners Returning-- Rumored Expedition to Annex the Sandwich Islands, or to Buy owt King Kame tamehas’ Interest—Sailing of the Clipper Shp Game Co:k— Chased by the Revenue Cutter--Success of the Whalers Fitted owt from San Franctsco— Ship Challenge and Captain Waterman—Oregon Jmmigration— Payment of the Interest on the Fund- ed Debt of San Francisco—Prosperity of the Miners—Amownt of Gold Shipped—Cholera at Mazatlan, §c. ‘The steamer Pacifie, of the Vanderbilt line, is off, in a few hours, for the Nicaragua route, and the Tennessee for Panama. The passenger list of both ‘vessels show that the approach of the rainy season is driving home hundreds of miners, many of whom will return with their familics in time to commence operations again with the falling of the water in the streams and gulches. The only particularly interesting item of intelli- gence on the Pacific side, since the sailing of the last steamer, is the miniature Cuban expedition sailed during the present week for the Sand- wich Isiands, and which, if the designs of the lead- ers and participators succeed, will attract full as much attention from the government, as well as from other nations, and particularly France, as that unfortunate adventure which for its object the freedom of the Spanish sions on the Southern coast. The history of the matter, and ‘fects concerning the expedition, will be read with much interest upon the Atlantic side, and will, probably, form quite as exsiting a topic in political + circles as ay which your correspondent could furnieh, in the absence of the many startling events which have characterized the past few months of * California life. You have your Cuba in the Atlan- | tic, and we have ours in the Pacifico; and while the blood of Americans flows on that side fruitlessly, our longings will probably be gratified in the peace- ful acqu wition of King Kamehameha’s present pos- sessions. intelligence was received here, some time since, that the King of the Sandwich Islands had formerly tendered his possessions to the Wnited States, pro- vided they would be accepted upon propor terms of reciprocal benefit, and that the proposition was not accepted by our government. The insolence of the French towards the islanders, and their insults to the King and royal family on « well remembered occasion, when they even penetrated to the apart- ments of the (.ueen in the royal residence, and com- mitted indecencies which should have disgraced savages, has induced a lasting hatred of the French troublesome, a detach ment of United States have been tohed to Port Orford, unde mand of Col. Moat of the tribes have tered into tseaties with the Commissioners, a few only still standing out and annoying the white bs can only be forcéd to come terms. An important financial fact, to go forward-by this steamer, is the payment of the ameunt ne to pay the semi-annual interest upon the fanded debt due to-da; The total amount was somewhere over $60, ad not only was this col lected, but an excess o: Cn also, towards the / payment of the original debt. This ‘places the credit of the city upen a geod basis, and as the in- ' terest upon the bonds is liberal--ten per cent per month, the stock will be tho best.in the market. Sinee the sailing of the last steamer, the. follow- ng vessels have arrived from the Atlantic side:— From New York, ships Joshua Bates, Eureka, St. Thomas, Challenge, Francis, and Gallego. From Boston, the bark Mermaid. None from any other port. Th ip Desdemona cleared for New Orleans; the Lucinda Sears, for New York; and the Lanerk, for Boston. Tho following vessols have discharged their car- goes at this port, and have sailed for Hong Kong since my last despatch to the Heraup, Oct. 15 Ships Oneco, Flying Cloud, Witeh of the Wave, and Game Cock. The Challenge is bound thither also; but when she will leave, is quite uncertain, doing » and many of them returning with a fair competence. No change in the marke! E quiet. The raining season holda off. P. are figuring for the next legislative and the Southern Califor- nians are active in ‘of their favorite measure, the division of the State. The nows of special im- portance, farther than the fact ao apes ships, ne steamer So-daye $2,400,000 in treasure. Of amount Page, Bacon & Co. send $613,000. To-day’s Pat makes an aggrogate, for the month of October, of and treasure, of $6.884,875, or $22,615,590 for the year The cholera raging fearfully at Mazatlan, the deaths avering from twenty to thirty per day. Ru- mors of the prevalence of the scourge in this city, have been rife, in consequence of the sudden death of two very minent citizens; but the report is doubtless without foundation. God forbid we should be ‘visited again by the destroyer. I have been through one cholera season in San Francisco, and never wish to experience a second. The ex- press closes, and I mnst say adios. FRANK. Our San Francisco Cotrespondence. San Franorsco, Nov. 1, 1851. Excitement occasioned by the Rezeption of the News of the Yacht Race and the Victory of the America— Marks of Respect to the Memory of the Hon. Levi Woodbury—Fine Weather-—Business “Dull—Re- duction of the Price of Passage to Panama—Agri- cultural and Horticultural Exhibition—Theatricals —New Theatre—The Sandwich Island Exped tion—Improvements in San Francisco— Proposed Telegraphic Lines in California—Description of Marysville and Vicinity—Visit to Captarn Sutter's Farm, Absence from the city at the time of the sailing of the two last steamers prevented me from keep- ing up my correspondence regularly, having re- turned, I again resume the privilege. There is nothing new or interestiug occurring in our city worthy of any particular consideration.. We have had two arrivals, with later news from the States, by the Pacific, Vanderbilt's line, in twelve day and afew hours from San Juan del Ser; and the Pacific Mail Steamship Company's steamer Ten- neasee, in fifteen days nine hours, from Panama, the latter being the quickest trip ever made on this ; and as they are illy prepared to defoad themselves against atiack, the King long since de termined, in case of farther interferenoe, to hoist the flag of the United States, and claim protection. His willingness to place himself under the American government, and the importance of se the islands as & stopping pl for the eontemplated line of steam communication between this port and China, attracted the attention of many of our enter- prising citizens, who immediately formed the project of gotring up an hay ome the ident. gaa tf — le, to acquire peaceable possession, mock at the ‘door of the Union for admission. ‘With this view, they rapidly enlarged the circle of adventurers, until they numbered nearly 200 To render the pr jess doubtful success, let- ters were received- ‘American residents in the islands, urging the yay omy of ant 8x; tion, and stating the fac: that the hing was to sell his crown and rich possessions for « life annuity for himeelfand family, amounting to some $10,000 per . Rumors were rife here that the expedition Kiting out was to be an armed force, and the United States authorities took the precaution to examine every veest! which left the port, for arms, but nono were discovered. The truth was, the arms and am- munition had preceded.hem several weeks A ¢on- siderable number of those engaged in the affair took passage in the clipper ship Game Cock, which sailed for China, via the islands, en the 26th, and the remainder go in the brig Fremont, on the 4th inst. As the Game Cock got under er ib followed by & revenue cutter in port, across her bows, which brought b , officer was rent on board to reconnoitre; but thing was apparently satisfactory, as she was al- lowed to proceed. Subsequently, the cutter gave chase, and both stood out to ; but daring the night, the Game Cock took advantage of the wind proceeded on her course . Many of the men en, din this expedition, do 80 for pelitical ends, from the excitement, and the remainder from brilliant hopes of cer- tain fortunes. The leaders are of the better class of our citizens, propose, in case the King is de- sirous of selling, to purchase his possessions, and give him the proposed annuity, and thus acquire peaceable possession. if he refuses to sell, all of them will very much dislike to come back, to be the laughing stocks of their friends ; and you need not be surprised to see foul measures resorted to where fair ones fail. The Sandwich Islands must be ours. The matter is only « question of time At a supply port for whale: itis the best in the Pacific, and as the half-way house between “an Francisco and China, is doubly dotirable. The French have long leoked to them with a jealous eye, and would giadly keep them out of our posses- jon—and equally so would the English; but “* mannii ivy” is plainly written upon their future, an: rtain and unmistabable in its meaa- ing, to the mind cf the obse as the simplest ition in Luclid to the waster of the work If the expedition which has just sailed for that desti nation does not accomplith ite purpose at will bave iaid the foundation for another the Pacific, which will be seeking admis national councils long before | thrown off the yoke of her Cathol ¥ . who have apportioned the offices already, name: the occupants of the various official stations, from to the lowest in his gift, will hardly recognize any such words as “tail” in their vocabalarly With such views do many of these adventurers go te the Sandwich Islands, to dispossess, peaceably or otherwise, King Kamehw meba of bit crown, and add another star to the fold of striper The pioneer vessels in the whaling trade of San Francisce, the Nussell and the Nie, both fitted ows dl State Executive here, six monthe ago, for the Arctic ooeaa, have , the former with 1,2) barrels . latter with six hundred. As the t attempt at fitting out whalers this has been moet successful, ani will lead to far more extended Operations, the reeults of which can searcely yet be calculated The clipper ship Challenge, Capt. Waterman, of New York, on whose speed a bet of $10,000 was ponding, that she would make the run from port to rt in YO days, made the iden Gate on the 24th, fect 108 days from New ork, tho captain thus ing hie money by I* days Nor is this ali the ilk wind that betides him. (n his arrival in port, in before the vessel was moored, rumors got at of most bitter cruelties and outrages, com- d beth by himself and the mate, cowaris the n, infifeting injuries from which several have it ie also stated that, while off Cape torn, of th en were aloft fixing sails, and not per- ng the work to his satisfaction, the — red the heimeman to bring the vesse! suddenly and the result was that the four men were from the sails into the sea, and drowned tan effort to save them. Yesterday and to- . prosented sopmes of excitement. coast. The full report contained in the Heratn, of the great yacht race, caused a tremendous ex- citement in this city, and in fact, throughout the State and Oregon. The news was brought by the Pacific, and although her arrival was late in the evening, yet through the ‘ey of G ry, the famous expressman, parcels of the New York Hexatp were brought on shore, and sold at counter at a premium. His office, even at eleven o'clock, P. M., was Glled with our citizens anxiously listening to the ne’ The joy and exultation of the people knew a bounds, and the night appeared more like the termination of seme great national holiday, than the simple fact that @ further proof had been given that “ Columbia ruled the wave oh death of manitestation of res to the distinguished jurist by the bar regret to say that business, in all depa~tments of trade, been excessively dull, and, in fact, almost stagnant. Some three er four weeks » when strong indications were given that the y season was at hand, trade manifestly Heian and the up-river merchants began to come into our market; since then, however, we have had a succession of the most delightful weather, @ season something simi- lar to that which visited us last year, and wet season appearsto be far distant. Whether the fair and beautiful skies we have had affected trade or not, | canoot say; but certain it is that « large number of our merchants do not make their ex- nses. The most contradictory reports come down mm the interior in regard to the stocks on hand inthe mines; but as far as calculation goes, there must certainly be « large supply of bread- stuffs and provisions on hand. very large number bave left the mines within the last two months, and there appears to be no decrease to the emigration ; this may have a tendency to render the removal of cupplies in the country unnecessary, although one would suppoee that the large number of those im- migrating to our shores would keep things about equally balanced. Our markets are overstocked, and in my opinion that one thing is the stumbling block to our merchants, as | have written and re- written that with the steck we have on hand. that which is now due and expected to arrive, a eufficiency to last this State and Oregon at least one year without an increase. Unless those in the Atlantic States cease shipping for at least twelve or nine months, the most disastrous results will follow, and they themselves must bear the blame. It is utterly impossible for the population now In our State to consume the immense avalanche of mer chandize now pouring in upon them. Tae attend- ance at the numerous auctions, which are «daily held, has been very small in comparison to that which distinguished them during the last month, showing conslusively that the market is surfeited. In fact, there is no activity visible, unless it be in “ bricks,” and they are rapidly ascendiog An important reduction has been made by the Pacific Mail Steamship Company in the price of pareege to Panama, it now being but $200 in th cabin, with state room; $175 cabin fare and be and $100 in the steerage. Under the management { Capt Knight, and with the liberality which dis- tinguish Mesers’ Howland & Aspinwall, this lice is daily increasing in popular favor. There is no which prevents their st 2 sailing inted day, for everything well ar- in case of accident, tac: at on A to take the p' abled one. Nothing fs left undone by | to contribute to the comfort and convenience of his passengers. The (olden Gate, not yet arrived, is | advertised te eail on the Ist December, for Panama She will, no doubt, be crowded to exce An agricultural and horticultural exhibition has been epened in this city, for the last ten days, at the \ erandah, on the Plaza, bya Mr ©. A. Shelton; and,! must say, that it is mainly one of the ‘< greatest’ vegetable shows extant. Amongst the moet prominent of the vegetable kingdom, in Mr Shelton’s exbibition, it @ beet, weighing 67 Ibs ; first clase pt. Knight, petatocs, from Sto 12, and 14 lbs ; cabbages, 13) leet in circumference; onions, weighing 12 Ibs ; pumpkins, no limit to at all—some, however, of a weight almost fabulous. And, in fact, everything, ; a8 | heard a miner say, “has done ite darndest,” to ; show that Americans generally, and California par- ticularly, cannot be “‘beet” in anything. There is also exhibited a part of a watermelon vine, which, it is eaidran “five miles,” and would have extended much further had it not been that it was encroaching onthe ranshe of a neighbo though it wae a melancholy duty for Mr. Suelton to perform, yet he was obliged to check ite further course. Jiad the vine been allowed to proceed, there is no telling where it would have stopped, at any rate in this count 7 ( alifornians are a people of excitetonte, for we are ho sooner out of one than we are ripe for another. The country is just getting cleverly out of a “ theat- 9 American tra- hen J have seen more enthusiasm than on that ossasion. Since the Cuba excitement has died away, and “the untimely death of thote brave spirits, who, in an ded thometit, were led astray by the euning of those who had their owa pd to serve in that invasion, made known aad upon, ‘the restless portion of our community have racking their brains for some new expeditio! their own fruit imaginations have told them that the next best p!ace to Cuba is ths Sandwich Islands, and, on eet within the ore four Tet stad numbers of our citizens, many in very - ing, have left in sailing vessels for the new El Dorado of their hopes. if Monday, the 27th of October, a large party satled in the clipper ship Gamecock, with what intention yor respondent cannot, with any degree of trut n intimate, unless it be to Bas mag Am ”” amon; the Kanakas, Sandwichers, and the other races digenous to the country. We are all anxiously awaiting the return of some ef the first o1 ts, as it is shrewdly expected that a much er elephant than the one on exhibition here will be seen on the islands. The improvements which have taken place in our city within the last six weeks are almost incre- dible, and seem to be increasing daily. ‘There ap- pears to be no cessation to the number of substan- tial brick edifices going up; giving the strongest indications that capital is not gong ct of the, country, by any manner of m 5 lontgomery street, the Wall street of our city, is fast assuming all ite former agente and permanency. splendid and _ cos! iy buildings now beautify it, as before the fire. in California, Sansome, Clay, Sacramento, Battery, Washington, and others, fine buildings of brick and stone are erected, with every attention to durability and the above streets are being ontire: very nearly altogether by private ent ing panes | what rest the the welfare ity ef the place. oil eatined to halal her manifest and islands: Whitney, one of the United States mail agents, lately arrived by the Tennosseo, bas been, endeavoring for the lagt two weeks to eee arrangements for the construction of 8 of tc asap ta different sections of the State. Mr. W. is empowered by Mr. H. O. Ray to act for him in the matter, and as soon as a feas! ble plan can be determined upon,'to put the lines in 9 ion ; he will send on all the materials re- to construct.the same. Considerable atten- ul pots of the pro, lines will be located, and by the next steamer [have not the slightest doubt but that the arrangemants sought for by Mr. Whitney will have been consummated. For the present, Stockton, from Stockton to San Jose, and from San Jose to San Francisco. Various other improve- ments are also in contemplation in our State; and after the expected rainy season is over, the work will commence in right earnest. Three years will not elapse before our different cities will be coanected by railroads. Since my last, 1 have paid a visit to the far- famed city of ee in Yuba county many parts of 1 Dorado and Placer counties; and knowing that s description of these distaat Califor- nia localities will prove of interest to those having friends in the places spoken of, [ give yous slight history of my trip. 1 went from ‘rancisco to Secramente in th lid steamer Senator, which vessel bas been running in the Sacraments river for the last eighteon months, and has made money enough to ber, alchough her re- ceipts now are not so large as formerly. jn she first commenced her to Sacramento was thirty-five dollar passage money, state rooms ten dellars, and m two dollars each, making total amy ene anno weet mark the differ- ence. The price woe Ay ET . five oilers, etate rem, ive Matueen! ont’ masels, each one dollar and fifty cents, being « total of eleven doliars and fifty when opposition pans strong, is the price paid. trip to Marysville, and to all the northern jade in npr ye ‘roy built coaches, of fine make and finish, and equal to anything of the kind in the older States. A word, however, in regard tojatage coaching; it is one of the greatest, if not the greatest of travel inthis State; the grand depot or starting lace for coaches for the northern mines, is at th y some confusi ite similarity to Yuba City, it was determined to change the name, when it was christened the pretty, m and e phonious title of Marysville, in ho- nor ofthe lady of Mr. Covilland, whom 1 have alleies to spew. ake Legislati paseo ‘obruary, Pring the town a. cit} org uly alt if Californie whose porati bt. Ite fe ¥; i left al: tea IMEEM OR peta eae hone &@ rancheadero'theré, Ww ‘@ recorder. It is last, and 10th September, the city has very mush improved in aw many brek buildings orl taken the place of wood. The city has now about 4,000 inhabitants, two charches, Methodist and Presbyterian; nine hotels, the principal one in size being the United States, about as large pve pst an Hens in Loam pee Ly one structed of wi the front supported by ni ge ‘Doric columns. Besides the hotels, there are nume- reus restaurants. Light draught steamers ply be- tween Sacramento City and ville ren at the lowest sta; f water; and in the season, of high water, large steamers go direst from this place to the latter city, a distance of 225 miles, freighted with merchandise and ngers. Mr. Robert H, Taylor, a son of your friend the late Justice Taylor, of New York eity, established a esmall Leta news} in Marysville, the Marysville Herald, in A: a a 4 of last year; he was subsequently joined by Mr. Stephen C. Massett, well known in New York, particularly in m circles, and by L. W. Ransom, Esq., of Brooklyn. Mr. R. by the way has recently retired, and Mr. D. J. Mi formerly of the firm of Marrenner & , booksellers, corner ef Broadway and Grand street, has taken his place. Tho Herald has been considerably enlarged since its it publica tion, and is now issued tri-weekly. It espoused the whig cause when party lines were drawn in this tate. State. An overland suigreet mail has been opened through the Sierra Nevada mountains, at a point eighty miles above Marysville, between the ry waters of Yuba and Feather rivers; and during the t sum mer many emigrants have come tl h the latter city, instead of taking the old trail a aan city. Hun 3 of mules are daily packed at Marys- ville for all parts of the northern mines. Nume- rous quartz veins have been discovered during the present season, yielding rich returns to the opera- tor, while miners e streams have been doing better than last year. ;While at Maryville I could not resist the temp- ition of paying a visit to Hock Farm, the seat of the celebrated Capt. Sutter. 1 mounted a Califor nia horse, and in com with a friend, crossed the Feather river, at a point near its junction with Yuba ; and after a deli; htfgl gallop of seven reached the veteran's mansion. Captain + had just recovered from a severe illness, but metus with all the cordiality of an old soldier, and tieman of The Captain has cee a = Coys hon pears to be about filty years 6, (thoug' is elaine all ah fire and vi- upon the sub- somewhat older,) and vacity 6f youth. While conve: we of nia as she was before the flood of ‘ation, he becomes eloquent, and ashe draws from storehouse of me scenes of his life in California, and “ fights his batsles over 56 ,” the listener cannot but feel both delighted ith the and ith heart thril- ling warmth toward the venerable narrator. He has two sons with him onthe farm, and a lovely daughter, who, it is said, is to be united to a tall Vermonter. Even at the prosent time flow- ere age stillin bloom in his parterre; dahlias of crimson, and varied hues still rear their beau- teous beads, while the air ié filled with the fr tte, and the waters of the easly along within a few ling. e whole pla e has an air peace, which one would imagine to Two Weeks Events in Californii From the Calaveras Chronicle. } ‘There is paid to be an extraordinary cave in our county, about six miles from Ban Antonio, which has been en- tered and partially ex) to a distance of over four- teen hundred feet. It seen it as being divided into Srescent City Hotel, on J street, Sacramento, all the lines art at the same hout, Zo'olock, A M., da, Grass o o oe wey, , bars, tlored Rither aed thither rnians become, | send a 801 7 ine phe El Senate ont o ul whic! je stages a6 fol derer's Paty, bid nn! Baar Home,” “ im's | Digeings, Rattlesnake Bar,” “Dead Man's ” “Harrisseokit Bar, placer counties “MM ineret in: population,’ business, and wealth. Sines the tisuatlous fires of 3let of August | ‘tions, and from di te i a Fee? > i 4 ‘ 5 Es Fs 2 H i i g 5 £ z it itil Hy 28 7 ae at H lon is out of |i aay pionee. We have m4 dead, Hod tous Up eats parted to us cal geologist, who has been ete parts of the State for some’ oe localities 5 ore ot hills, equally as rich that would pay as well on capital invested, and would require no more labor to take out the ore from its native bed. Indeed, there cam be no doubt in the i of amy one who has ex- amined the locality, and whd has any knowledge on the subject. that the amount cf mineral wealth of this kind, a ited by nature in the hidden depths in this range of is almost incalculable; and will, at no distant day, beeome one of the lea: interests, if not the lead- tow infal operation, g ag joyment to two huadsed jon, giving em) nt to two hui or more of laborers. and dd about ten thousand pounds of quicksilver 3 company are exce- into the hill from which the ore is taken, by means of cars, it can be run out much by the present method, and with greater ease to the workmen. This improvement will peters emownng! of money, but when completed will greatly itate their operations. California affords the only mince of found within the territory of the United States; bat fee agg ten natural resources, they far excel in 1.000 lative amount of ab Germany, and {trien, where labor is cheap, the whole capacity of the mines would be brought into action; whereas, here, in the New Almaden, although the works are extensive now, yet they are daily imcreasing, and are capable of being increased to an almost unlimited extent. In view of there facts, we look forward with confidence to the day when quicksilver will become one of the chief articles of California export, and one of the main sources of her wealth. {From the Sacramento Union, Oct. 29.] We were yesterday conversing with a mi just come down from the Forks of the Yuba, and the ac- count he gives of the great suceess of the miners in the northern regions is really astonishing. A eompany at Industry Bar last week. consisting of five mon, took out, gol ‘there was not a piece of less first quality. At Barton's, success of the miners has ‘beén beyond all Eight, ten and twelve dollars is readily labor; and $4,000 was lately given for a single Rore’s! Previsions are plentiful and moderately cheal excelleat. They ar ee of rns in ev e sen (trom the Altes California, Oct. 26.) We have been shown some very beautiful of native copper in its ptire state, which, in sise, much resembles fi dating Oct 25, relates the discover ody gl a ae ste point known asthe Alirel. It was discovered by parties engaged by Mr. J.P. Leese. . "(From the Ban Francisco Post. Oot. 27.) Fear Mitxn, October 10, 1851 ‘The miners on the river are doing rei iy well; one company succeded in turning the river at two dif Indian Battle, ‘The Sen Diego Herald contains the af between Lieut. Sweeny's command zy 900, near the Gils, where States troops were stationed. We copy the following ac- It seems the \umas and Cocopas had a difficulty, and jen in to Major Heintzelman, who acted as stationed at the Gila, to settle ; Nevada, 80 miles, from $10 to $2i accordance with the yf nee then ex- isting—-sometimes more, juently less.~— But to my trip to Marysville :—Oa arriving stage office I had the satisfaction of finding myself booked for a passage in the Granite St: driven by Jabe Sharp; I took my seat on the outside, for the purpose of viewing the country passed he neem | and noticing anything worthy of note. For the first seven miles, from Sacramento to a place called Ma- rion’s Ranehe, the road is very dusty, but perfectly level, as, in fact, is the whole distance between east particle of dust, and so withio abo iles of Mar; road becomes disag the immense quan- tities of dust, rendering an outeider’s ride anything but pleasant. The comntry travelled through is entirely pr but thickly settled for this country, es being built tue whole length of each oth, iT any importance en the road is thi icolaus, about twenty-seven miles from Sacramento, situated on the Feather or Rio do la Plumas, a small stream the dry season, but a mighty rush of water in the rainy season. When Nicolaus was first settled, or laid out as an inhabitable place, it was supposed to be at the head of navigation, and every. thing indicated a most flourishing city ; three hotels . the * Nicolas,” “City,” and * Bell and about thirty-five houses erected; « government vessel was a up from the bay and was moored at the bank, at the same time having the effect of securely mooring the city, for it has never increased from that day to the present, ‘The next place of any consideration was Plumas, containing @ hotel and about half a dozen houses, situated on the Feather river. The most interest ing inform connected with this city is that it was a speculation of Captain Sutt da Mrs | Beach i merchant of this place, and a relative | of Moses Reach, of Plainfield aad ‘h Bank notoriety. Owing to the singular fatality which aitends everything with which the Beaches connect themselves, the whole concern failed, and the only redeeming feature in the place is, that two fair and dark-e,ed daughters of Missouri reside on # ranche Within the city limite. [lina the name of the last town before reaching | Maryevilie, being about three miles from the latcer | place, was also once supposed to e head of na vigatior, dl ri town but noching ever came of wae once, in reality, a flourishing P ; but « to the rapid strides taken by the Maryvillos was completely outstripped; and Marysville, which Ithough Eliza place | have now reached, became, and still main- tains the reputation of being the groatest city above at the | Pithe corner stone of a new Catholic church was laid at Ban Diego, with appropriate religious ceremonies. on the ‘wth ult Agentleman of our scquaintance, in order to form some idea of the amount of travel on the plank toad, took a position, on Sunday afternoon, near the toll gate, ard bis observations between the hours of 8 and 6 o'clock gives us the following: The perrons, ‘and horses were all coming into town—those going out exceeding the number coming In by about 20 per cent. Exclusive of the regular lines of Omnibuses, there passed in 7 four- horse evaches; 34 two-horee i coaches ; 260 eaddie horses; 1,465 wcmen on horseback ; 36 women on foot. ‘The steamer (Ohio, from tuit, and 10 tons onions Mining Intelitgence. (Prom the Sonora Heraid, Oct. 26 | Our monthly report of mining news is mot #0 complete as it would have been, but for the sickness of a gentle. man who bad promised us @ very interesting ve We can only say, in general terms, that the placers are * = ever. Im very many of the claim: iners are mot washing the dirt, from scarcity of water, but they are making great preparations fcr winter. On Wood's Creek the various companies are making quite heavy stri Company is as successful or; and so are the Invin- cible and the New York Compénies, Our best means of judging of the average result of the diggings, ie by « reference to the books in the Express offices Reynolis & Co. bave remitted about $33,000 within the last month. ‘They have also received special deporita to the amount of $20,000. By the way, we may aa weil say here that what they call special deposits are of gold stored awny for safe keeping, in the inner chest of their big safe. It is meither used by themselves, nor loaned on in- terest, butts returnable to (he owner, the same lieu tie The Fort Washington ticle whieh he had deposited reference to quarts mimes, a few facts may be meu tioned, At Tuttletown thy Prndieton Mining Company biasted out a lump weighing avout one hundced pounds, erUimated to contain one thousand dollars. ‘be ma chinery of that company it nearly teady for operation Fowler, Van Praag, & Co, have broken out large jwantities of peoting to begin to grind in a f and powerful machines for grinding quatte being erected om the flat above Holden's ne they are finished the work © nee dese ago we had nn favitation to rs known e¢ the Boglishmen’s mine [tie situated dire 8, Hotel, end #dj-iniog goiden ore frou their mine, wad are «x verel large y afte connect by & D feet apart, and oi bs vx feet high ang foag ° s them armed with slightert doubt bat that t! bave been and slat z 5 a Hie ? 2 a THE left the Colorado. We tremble for poor Bweeney’s » unless he receives ald from this post. which, we regret to ray, ie not at all likely, in the present crippled condition ot the army composing the Bouther: F Prospects of Trade tn © dite, but from the want of population. have been overstocked with shi been shipped to any other State, with no more ulatirn than we possess, that has been shipped to California, the shippers would hardly have realized a farthing. by considerabie more suin/ people of any State in the nien. work hard, and therefore eat freely. The farmer and the gardener have always abundant to cat, and a plenty ¢ to their neighbors. The mer- chants, li tie Neral Oey, from their wives and coke we their gatherings when their day's work The lawyer a siways bave a large body of people, whom they hy be of moving as policy may require. @ most of the inerchandise that lost by bein, eras most cases falis on the California je eastern shippers are generally ly then the bere and tact of our merchants in | preventing perishabie goods from sailing upon the | bands of thei fowners The miners generally | have to pay for one-half of the articles which m: become unfit for service before it is used. ‘Lhe people of California have paid better prices for goods, considering the quantity in market for tho consumers, than any other people we evor knew. Onr friends In the Atlantic States do not appear | to study our condition. They purchase without », and ship to ( alitornia, considering bave an abundance of gold, we bave bundance of consumers. Although the; crow ly dewaged by every thipwon man whe Bas lost at fern nro inte to ph fertune with the hope ¢ Had éne third of the mercba bere been kept at home, it would have veon be ndis oe cial, no doubt, to poth sections. Prudenge this and other | there are other | account of | onda the United | The people of California, as a whole, have lived, | The minors all | the doctor | are | is to we that will He in oe a ad every ment, advanee This is the opinion now eaterte.cd by a of the most ebserving mercham. done, » many reckless to go by the board, and the moo and dog usiness will have to iY form. Just now no regular »; the ment of business hae any established autho: Every merchant hag had his own wayaod own rules. They are,. however, comoOg and beeoming better known to each oth The merchants, as a body, will soon be gnitey_the A are the chiof agents of @ city’s rise, piigress, ra commercial power. A fow years more and our merobants will: be felt in every port ang ne- tion whose shores are washed by the was the we shail consoatrate ont’? 20 re se: Pacific. te achieve commercial renown and prospm, will progress with unexampled sucess: The Conntry East of the Sterra Nevada, Tein ferme tan Pranclaco Post, Oct ag) wee Pres rn aso least five er six rivers take declivities of the epee mountains, yn the Oregon tine and the southeastern limits of Mari county, and waste themselves in the desert of the’ Great Basin. These rivers have numerous tribu- taries, many of which act as drainers to the ‘about their sources, through ran ‘greater or -less extent; spvemnng 38 wild ag fix. settlements : umbers, iy, we &e. Ini tribes, have . ralph but to what pe of a have any connection with those on the west side, is not known. The line between his State and Utah territory trains along the lower mountains and the desert, until it intersects the 39th parallel of latitude, Caraon Valley, whe turns to the sawshecst, along the desert, and over the southern range which encloses the Great Basin, to the Colorado, at the 35th 80 that it intersects nearly all these stroams, t! ing some of their habitable valleys into Utah. would bave been better if the northern portion of this dividing line had been fixed-one dégroe east of the country along all the rivers west of the deserts, ne more properly to California than to This portion of California remains less kaown than any portion of the State, and is likely to re- main so, unless more extensive discoveries of gold thall tempt our adventurous population to scale the mountains and explore the n vallies and moun- tain streams. Very little accurate information is possessed of this vast extent of country. with its in- dependent rivers and isolated vallies, except the regions bordering on Carson and Truckee rivers, along the emigrant trails. Jadging from what is known of them, however, and from imperfect and partial explorations of the other portions of our trans-montaine territory, there is an extent of habit- able around the mountaias and in the fer- tile vallies, along the course of the rivers, sufficient to answer as a receptacle and more secure asylum. for all the Indian tribes west of the mountains. Fish abound in these streams and lakes, and wild game is now more abundant than on this side. Upon this score, they would be quite as well situated as where they oe ‘are, and indaitely better in every other respect. Tt would be of equal advantage to both races if our 1 Mage? sea would, at as carly a day as prac- ticable, bad the policy this case that necessity hi ere él ictated, and remove all the ‘cept the little remnants that are domiciled: r rivers—converted, as they are some- ted) beyond the Sierra Nevada. The Deuce to the frontiers, and © better ne tl ntiers, a better se y te the miner than any treaties, or even arms can, under the circumstances, afford; and these measures are urged by considerations of humanity aswell as of sound policy. The same hostiliti which have marked the of settlement and ci’ ion westward, must exist so long 1e are settled on the verge of the miming districts, where our population is unsettled; and, from the seinte of sad occupation, scarcely less nomadic in lg With a view to the ultimate adoption of the measure, and as a means of acquiring valuable in- formation as to the ter and resources of ® country at present but little known, tt is desira- ble that an expedition, with a small military escort, either under control of some officer of. the me. or of some of the Indian Commissioners, eh be sent out to lore the country upon the eastern borders o untains, from the Oregon | line south to Owen's Ri If would come wituin the of such iv an expedition to ascertain whet the depesits of gold on any of this series of rivers, corresponding in some re: with those west of the mountains, are as rich as many selec If — sseute byt Re yy) se regarded as y the ci ized, and, not, it would prove a bicsiag to uiture in California. [From the San Jose Visit-r, October 30 ) Se Soe aes indie dees tebe jurea our pear Some farmers have ante ately 5 theemeeeh ol they expected to the tillers ofthe oil about here hay more that u the soil about here have made far more than Hani Hy sueiaele + im (@ delightful aed valuabie ) ‘ong and twenty-seven yg 3 5 were also fine specimens of igious growth of oats, the buch ht. and the i i ‘ffl i Hi #33 ? | d Ar. Shelton may prorecute hin cent enterprise to the collection of our store, In which case we would advise him to move to the oy for a sufficient « and of veritable from near Benicia, are all subjects of interest; but *e have not «pace to do more than notice them thnr gererelly. We must add, however, that Mr. Shelton is increasing the inducement to visit his room, ue yor neral Pacifie museum | Tle has ai- mber of interesting specimens of the arte jucte from Obina, the islands, ent even the polar regions. huge bear | Miscellaneous, | _ The following i* a list of the arrival and departures at fan Prancieco during the month of October: = ARRIVED Females, Chitin. Total, ” al Moles From let to 14th Oct ... 880 a 15th to 80th Oot. .1,006 ei so 11% Total up to 90th ©...1,866 = ATi t8 2G prrarren Mates. Pemales, Chetd™. Totet. From lst todth Oct... 961 a 2 15th to 80th Oct..1,604 A - 1 Total jo 20th ...4016 = 108 aie