The New York Herald Newspaper, October 14, 1851, Page 3

1 flags and streame: Venice, Sept. 16, 1851. 2Scenes on the Announcement of the Emperor's Visit to Venice—Radetsky—Acccownt of the Emperor's Visu—Venice, $c. At dawn, on the morning of Sunday, the 14th, all ‘Venice was aroused by the reverberations of three ‘beavy cannon shots, which echoed and re-echoed over the Lagune, among the islands, and through ‘the crooked canals, or calles, of the city, until its slumbering population was wide awake. Three cannon shots had been announced by a municipal avoiso, posted around the streets for some - days previous, and published in the papers, as the signal to the city of the approach of *‘ his most illus trious, sacred, apostolic, imperial, royal majesty, the Emperor,” from Trieste, to honor it with his presence, en route for Verona and Milen. Hand- “bills, also, had been sent to every house, requesting the inhabitante to assemble and receive the “au- gust traveller,” and to go out in their gondolas to meet him at the public.gardens—a mile or so below the Piassa—aend thence accompany him up the Grand Canal, about three miles further, to the Strada Fenrata, where he was to take the cars for “Verona. The inmates of the palaces along the Riva dei Schiavoni and the Grand Canal, were, also, requested to decorate the windows and facades -of their residences with hangings. As an incentive to allthis, the extreme and unprecedented grace and beneficence of his apostelio majesty, in thus making Venice a point in his progress, (a thing, by the by, not very easy to have been avoided,) was cited, and the gratitude due from the Venetians, ‘because of this imperial condescension, emphatically enforced. On entering the Piazza at half-past five, I found that magnificent square, usuaily utterly desorte at that hour, already filled with troops. The whole n, ‘of 6,000 men, arms, was 0 [og od attire, and wit! ‘igs of evergreen their Cag he gaghet standards, indicattve of : juest, festivity, and triumph. From the three celebrated mare io front of the basilicacf St Mark, waved the imperial standards, as, also, from the summit ef the Campanile, and from the flag-i of the cathedral itself; while from the innumerable windows and balconies of the long tine of palaces, which, on three sides, bouad the immense gle, were suspended flags, tapes- try, a damasks, carpeting, rich rugs, and hangings of every variety, and also of every com- bination of hue—the prohibited tri-color of [taly— green, white, and red—always excepted. from the windows and balconies of the Governor's palace, however, were suspended cnly the Austrian colors— crimson and white. Moving along beneath the endless arcades, I found sip Badal persons astir except the soldiers, while the shops, and cafés, and offices, were none of them as yet opened. The sky was lowering, and threatened rein; but the heavy clouds soon trooped off in squadrons before the rising sun, and a cool and delightful morning ensued. On reaching the Piazetta, I found that also filled with , rapged in double columns, faciag the ducal ; but there were still but few spectators, and anly of the lower omega becuse fishermen, hucksters, and laborers. The guns of Lido, joceo, Palestinna, Burano, Chiossa, and of the numerous other batteries which defend the approach to Venice, could now be distinguished in the distance; and the smoke of a steamer, six or eight miles distant, outside the jo, announced the imperial advent. As the vessel approached, the guns of the batt er and more near the city were discharged, the reports besame more startling. At length the steamer came full in sight, and beld her way proudly - the port. It was the anna, a steame of half a dozen Paixhans and one midship gun oa a swivel. She was met by a group of gondolas at the public gene: but instead of stopping to debark her justrious er, as had beeu announced, held her course steadily up to the Molo. Probably the | gondo was less numerous thau had been anticipated. On passing the Port- d, the corvette stationed we the arsenal, the steamer was saluted with a discharge of ail her sixteen guns, while her yards wers manaed, and three cheers were given by her seamen. By the by, these cheers were the only ones heard through- out the occasion. The corvette was decked with were the numerous gun- boats, which form crescent before the city, and which, with the batteries of St. Giorgio, belched forth their thunders as the steamer passed. -Allthe merchant shipping in front displayed i flags of different mations, and the windows, b and facades of the palaces along the Ri dei Schiavoni were decked with hangings. By this time an immense multitude, roused from their beds by the tremendous cannonade, inundated the 8, from the bridge of the arsenal to that o \. 's, as Well as the Molo and the Piasetta broad sheet of water in front, calm and smooth as a mirror, was covered with » moving mass of gondolas. The scene had now become really exi tings and the ringing of all the innumerable bells of Venice, mingling with the roar of artillery. almost deafened the ear, while the smoke and smell of guppowder, and the moving waves of the multitude, served to bewilder almost every other sense. In the midst of all this uproar, and exactly as the hour of seven pealed from the Campanile, agreeably to prior announce nent, the anchor of the steamer ang the bottom, opposite the ite columns of the Piasetta. The two sp barges of Napoleon, which are as magnifi- cent as » gilding, painting, velvet, satin, gold fringe, lace, tassele, and costly woods, i can make them, now approached the steamer an received the illustrious guest. Th» imperial stan- dard—the black eagle ona yor ground—imme- diate'y descended the mast of the steamer and rose on that of the barge, which, by the long and measured stroke of twenty rowers, was propelled to the shore, followed by its fellow, bearing General Wimpfen, the ly appointed Admiral, Governor end other distinguished functionaries. Radetaky, who arrived from Verona the night before, to receive the Emperor, attended ae Goehomsky and Count Loggenburg, the ilitary and Civil Governors of Venice, and Count Correr, the Podista of the city, with a crowd of civil functionaries, and a whole army of military and naval had meentime assembled on the Molo, to give their young master a fitting recep- tion. Radeteky is a man ofeighty-five, rather halethan squadron of infirm; of low stature, 1 limbs, broad shoulders, rather full. , hair and closely cut; c-m- plexion pale, rather rubicond; heavy mou- stache, perfectly white; small eyes, very small, very red, and seemingly very sore; expression som- bre andéad, rather ¢! stern; motions slow, but 3 and figure erect, though supported by a staff. His dress was that of Field ‘shal—crimson pants and white frook, with no decorations excep: the broad baldrich of his office across his breast. Ra- the oldest active military man in, Europe. present ago, and owes his health and jis advanced age, to regular habits, as never, ee etdces” usual movement of Austrian those days. He seems to owe his high more to his long service, resulting from Juck ia not getsing killed in the numerous hbe-has witneseed, thanto anything else. He man and safe counrellor, is popular hem the horrors of . They tes- them, by presenti: made of glass, at Murano, service of plate as | for- veteran is still as active as stiffness of his joints forces put him into the saddle, but, finest look: pare 3 ang Ititude of amon; @ multitude o! officers was Gorabemty His eight, port, gor- geous uniform of General of Hussars, tle a and the whole constellation of stars and orders on made him the most conspicuous man in Count Corolat wore the same uniform Radoteky seemed a dwarf beside him. really large man in the whole - Seott would have been looked file of the Austrian tetope ‘gssereliy, wenll Ge come ge 1, Wo con- inutive ‘ ited States. rd All 23 i g i ce E 3 i = é i ut ed. staf. Thi reeebve aid to i f _ iter if ie 'y, dim size, a8 well as the offi- Eanperor seized the old. Marshal we aoges ead te tte, carrying his hand incessantly yover jcers. sametime, the place resounded with the rollin, P of bells, and tho music of the completed y The Emperor, Francis Jose his twonky-Aret year just ® month » July 18, an vent co | celebrated in this city, and in former letter. He seems however, rather older than 21; his is of me- dium heigst, rect and firm, slightly framed, bot fine! ; and his simple dress of a general of frock and of the same color, er, set off by no ornament what- pa kage amd him. nteis a wee aa with the ordinary green ick plume. is light and closely cut—eyes Blue and expressive— li rehead low—mouth and nose large— cheek bones high —face aquiline rather than oval— movements rapid, Say octgp fed. le wears no beard, for the same reason, d suppose, that Rosaligd a few shades i pardons its ebeenge on the Srethers revtaxe’” Ne obs, woeld ts sured than ie usual. His mane sé pusned though courteous and simple The con! be- tlong at hs eld Std to scoommodate whoa toe he slackened his pace, was After reviewing the of soldiers, the Em i and all his 6! » in ith » bell, candle, gilded umbrella, and holy water. The Pattiareh of Venice, Jacobo Monica, wh» died this spring, has beon succeeded by Muti, of erona, but has muh get ent on the duties of his office. The Canon Trevisonato, of this city, = e FS Bishop of Verona. to ing spectacle” few obsequious lines devoted to the sul official page that, Beno the saci raised, ‘mperor step) velvet cushion placed eee accommodation, knelt on the marble pavement, like the most com- mon Bohemian in the ranks before the church. Loerisg the Emperor in the s throt Pigsetta and the gardens of the ducal palace, he took &@government;gondola, covered with crimson velvet, sencmupanie’ %, we suite and me stoma other gondolas, for his passage up yrand Cai to the railroad station at San Lucia. About three hundred gondolas followed in procession. Very few ladies honored the occasion with their Eee, and but few also of the better class of citizens. Tho earliness of the hour, perhaps—although it was now nearly nine—prevented a more general attendance; although other reasons might possibly be assigned why the pressing invitation to the citizens to swell the cortege in honor of ‘‘their sovereign,” was not fully accepted. A large proportion of the inmates of the gondolas were officials of the army, navy, or city, and most of them bore the Austrian colors at the bows. The flags of nearly all the nations of Europe appearedin the train; even the British ensign displayed itself. The stars and stripes, however, were not beheld ia the imperial ovation. Venice is a great @ for consula, though by no means re- markable for trade. All Christendom, and some of Heathendom, seems representedhere. England, France, Spain, Russia, Austria, Sas, Prussia, opy, rdinia, Switzerland, aples, Papal , Turkey, and numerous other governments, representatives, and some have two or three. 8 to be reviewed as very important, for 801 eon, by European States. The grand presented a most splendid as- pect as the procession moved along. The morning was wel and Mg? bel ey Ae raced < the angient palaces jaye eir richest hangings. The facade of the Dalesso Manin was half covered with crimson velvet, a: was that also of the Dutchees of Berri with blue, spangled with silver ta have The eur de lis. The quays, windows, and balconies, as the procetsion passed, swarmed with spectators, while the Rialto presented a living mass of heads. The scene could not but recall to the mind those gorgeous pageants ofother days, of which history tella us, and of which this magnificent sheet of water bas been the scene, and on which these old palaces have looked. Nor could an American avoid contrasting this parade with those he some- times witnesses inhis own land. The whole affair was characterized by the absence of the least spark of popular enthusiasm. The pro- cession was be pmoay sec ce by ane ay moved on in solemn silence, broken only by the dippings of the countless oars. Here and there, indeed, might, from time to time, be caught the waving of a white handkerchief from the balcony of some ex- cited fair one, who, probably, had just opened her eyes, and who kept them open long enough to see e pageant pass, and then quietly resumed her morning nap. But from the people came not forth one syllable of weleoome—not one word of rejoicing —all the asseverations of the official journals next day tothe contrary nevertheless. An effort, indeed, was made when the Emperor landed at the Strada Ferrata to raise out; but it wa most de- plorable failure—infinitely worse than the former silence, and strongly Suggestive of that scene des- cribed by Buckingham, “ Richard the Third,” when he strove to elicit similar shouts in behalf of a similar usurper, and the people of London, “like dumb statues or living stones, only stared at each other and looked pale. The whole affair as a reception, was chilly enough, and would have disgraced forever any of our second ra’e statesmen on an sloctlencieing | Yanrm in a second rate village of the United tes. At the same time it presented all that im- posing effect which a richly attired staff, a numerous and well eet garrison, and the finest bands of music in Europe, cannot fail to pro- duce; andfor which pageant, of all cities in the world, the City of the Sea can afford the most une- jualled theatre. There never has been, nor can ere ever be, a city so well adapted to gorgeous pomp and splendid as Venice; and the re | tion of the young Ewperor of Austria, cold as it was, sud despot t ough he is, could not but inte- rest the spectator affording him some faint idea of those magnificent pageants of by-gone ages, on that very spot, when a Dandolo, 7 Moncenigo, and Morisini, returned in triumph frem his sple: id achievements. From this very spot, also, every year, on the Feast of the Ascension, for more than ten centuries, went forth the Doge in the gilded bucentauro to use the Adriatic; and hete Bar- barogsa, Carrara, Francis of Val Henry of Po- land, Catharine Conaro, the lovely Queen of ys preee, and many other illustrious guests, during the centuries of the career of the republic, were received with splendor and pomp. Is there a spot in all the world which can well recall mamneriee these ? ° Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, Sept. 26, 1851. The High Church Party—Irdand and the American Ministor—The Protestants Changing their Tack— Bad Management of all English Colones—The true Cause of the Caffre War. ‘The Archbishop of Conterbury has come out with an explanation, easing off and modifying his lste admission of foreign preachers, not epissopally or- dained, which had created so much hos:ility against him. ‘hie is intended as a concession and bonne bouche to the high church party, and is thought will have the effect of pacifying them, and prevent- ing the indignation meoting which was to be holden to denounce his liberal opinions. But churchmen, of all men, are least easily pacified, and if they do not denounce him and try to unfrock him, for the heresy of suppesing that any human being can speak the truth, unless specially authorised to do so bys bishop of the Church of England, they will never forgive nor forget an admission so derogatory to the dignity and exclusive pretentions of the church established by law, with a woman at the head of it. Ireland is now beginning to open her eyes, and take anew view o matters; she is beginning to be ivided into two general parties, which are, the tay-at home, and the emigrating classes. Those he are inclined to etay a e Dow begin to be hold with dismay the vast masses which are con- stantly going away. In the gee | arms, strong bones, and wiry rinews of those who de; , they behold (as we they may) corn, aad wheat, and oats, and rye, houses, wharves, railroads, palaces, rising up to the benefit of other people, from their employed Iabor, in the country, whatever it may be, to which they are proceeding. hb keepers behold with alarm, as well they m: custemers fleeing in shoals from them, and begia to calculate the amount of the of labor, earned te quetber comet, which will all be expended with other and foreign shopkeepers. A general outery and wailing begins to be raised, suck as the F:gyptians raised when the whole population of erect w on the move to leave them. Thus it seems to be the character of the human nature, oftentimes to ill-treat our friends while they are with us, and to lament over then when they are going or gone. Tho results of the late census have cast alarm 2 the politicians; they behold Ireland — ing depopulated, nd thoughts for the future; how it will ond if this constant drain on, engage all thinking minds. It is not the jo loss of a population which touches the hearts of British statesmen, and makes the Times oceasionally wail and lament. If they were all mee annihilated and destroyed by war or pestilence, it would be thought little of; bu: the vexatious idea is, that o2 go to enrich another and rival country; to up fleets, to convert wildernerses into fruitfal lands, for another great and 1 tion. Hine tlle lachrym @ e American minister, Mr. Lawrence, who has con- cilated all minds, high and low, in favor of America, and inspired respect into the high aristocracy for America, such as they hardl; before, is now on atourin Ireland, where ti arm hearted Irish et him as a brother, for they look him as fe re) tative and visible type of a country dear to their hearts, to which their eyes are all directed as the asylum of industry and the ref for the Seprented a country in every nook and corner of v their fathers, brot! mothers, sisters, and cousins, without number, are found. Whorover our minister, goes they rush out to meet him, aad gare in hi reson. In the great cities, SEreurboriion sprees him with addresses flat- i i iH ee Ei i f i i i i ; g é : : id fl El sk EE i Ys to be “ protection” mn, and bec ame onl; - » Numberless mia iJ putting down popular rights, wore by this war cry seperated from them, because commer- ially they belonged te the opposite side, that is, as to the bread question; and whatever their political tendencies might be, they had pred tion for cheap bread. Tails ory, therefore, instead of rallying, divided the Pim of the aristocrasy, sent thousands of their friends who loved cheap bread, ever to the ranks of free trade and no “pro- tection.” The aristocracy now see that they must obange their course, and get up another na ne and hoist different flag, for with this party caption they never can obtain power. Werelit not for this Barrow name and limited issue, they would be at this moment in pewer. They are, therefore, hat tening to abandon it, and are seoking to rally en eee under more general colors. The whigs are ed, they smell the rat, and their organs let loose upon them. In Australia, in New Zealand, in the Cape of Good Hope, in the East Indies, in the West Indies, in Canada, in Central America, in Berbice and South erica, in the Ionian Islee—in all those re the British have dominions, and where ts, Governors and troops, and bishops, farce of church and state, receiving sa- and pay, drawn from the of John Bull to keep up state dignity, and teach the new world to ip and venerate the royalty of the old—in all these colonies, with no exception, the utmost folly, one might say ay lunacy, of con- duct and management is exhibited. The wonder is how such an empire can subsist Sate ried cre ih ab & EE under such ma- nagement. Ifall these people and nations were wise enough to govern themselves, they need not go to such @ distance as England to fetch a government. It would be wrong to attribute any of these follies and misdoings to the Queen, a fine and clever woman; it ie her Majesty’s aa they are called, who managts, these things. Nor is it the people of England. It is the in Parlia- ment which governs England and her colonies, and from whom alone her “advisers” are selected. The people have not suffrage enough to balance and chech this aristocracy. They have just enough merely to make a show of opposition and an occa- sional clamor in Parliament; and then, after all this show, there are decent ways of stopping their mouths, of glossing over mean and base proceed- ings in diplomacy, Ear nne oer and finance, and thus evading all their futile show of opposition. Such is ly the whole amount and value of the opular element in the British government. Among jhe colonies which have had a large share of the common misrule, is the Cape of Good Hope, and the consequences which have followed are very se- tious. The Caffre war, which is now ragiag there, and visiting the unhappy perme wil zie end de- struction, was brought on en’ e tyranny and injustice of the Governor, Se Parry ‘mith, His measures and disregard of the faith of troaties drove them to dei . They suffered con- tinual encroachments upon their territory, which was secured to them by solemn treaty; and when pad sent deputations to Sir pness ie make knowao their complaints and obtain redress, they were told, in reply, that they had plenty of land left. ised as they were. formidable hostilit despicable uld b hey have since proved, by , that they are not such a enemy as was first imagined they They have now held out for years the British resources and power brought against them, and ten the complete destruction of the ual thing of this would have happe: ment been in the hands of the people. thereof, the colonists are left to the mercy of an ar- bitrary Governor, and have been, for some years, seeking in vain to obtain the boon of what is called **a constitution,” which is simply putting some nominal check over the Governor—s check copes | ineffective and easily evaded. Thecase of ti this all the other extensive colonies and tributaries of England plainly chows that distant people in new countries cannot be well governed by orders from a foreign head, and that the labors of the British to erect the form and shadow of the British church and state government in distant colonies ends in disorder, discontent andruin. Thereis not a single colony of Great Britain where tiny have not pur- sued this bad system, and there is not one where the tggeont is badly managed, its interests thrown back, and its people suffering and conan. Our Boston Correspondence. Boston, October 11, 1851. Whig Senatorial Nominations—Further Tempe rance Movements—Irish Appointments to Civic Offices—State of Business, Hotels, &c., §c. There is a sort of lull in the political world, and nothing has openly occurred in it, since I last wrote ofany importance, except that the whigs eno minated their Senatorial candidates in severa counties, where the coalitionists will not be in the field until next week. These whig nomination, are all respectable, and such asin the old time would have been more of popular or legislative ratification, but now they must remain subject to the caprices of political fortune, of all things the most fickle and unstable. The most emiaent whig nominated is Myron Lawrence, in Hampshire, ao old whig county, which I have been accastomed to put down as safe for that party, but which the free soilers will not concede to them now, pointing to the fact that in 1818 the whig majority there was but 170. They also aver that Mr. Lawrence is not popular man. It was recommended that (over- nor Briggs should be nominated for Senator in Berkshire county; but I have excellent authority for saying that that distinguished gentleman said that he would rot accept any such nomination, though I could without difficulty imagine a change of mind on his part. Governor Briggs, though as strongly attached to the Union as any man in it, is far from approving of the curse pur- sued by the whigs to establirh the “ nationality’ of their sentiments. It is but two or three days since he expreseed his decided objection to that course of policy which has led to the exclusion of such men as Joho G. Palfrey, Horace Mann, and others of that ~— from the whig party— of whom it may be said that nothing short of an im- esity would have arrayed thein against perati the whi, I find the opinion very prevalent among mea of all parties, that (iovernor Boutwell’s vote will be largely,increased, the reasons for it being all colored b; political sentiments of the utterers of the on. The whigs say that it will be through ¢ return of many of the democratic free soilera to their old associations. The democrats say it will happen from many moderate whigs voting for his Excellency’s re-election. The free soilers declare that it will result from many democrats voting who bave not come out to the polls for come years. Of there opinions, the last seems to me ts be the most reasonable. The only place in which aay opposi- tion has as yet been made to the coalition, through the succees of which, alone, can the (iover- ror hope fer « re-election, ia Newton, a town in Middlesex County. Some of the “old liners” there, raid to be headed by ir. Ward, a relation of Mr. haw, will organize for the purpose of litionists. Mr. Ward is, | believe, e officer, who ived bi int- ment at the time his distingu i relative filled the pest of Secretary of the Navy, and has since held over. His opposition is reported to bave its cr‘gin in his beirg terested in the South boston improvement plan, which withered and died under his Excellency's veto, but for the truth of tais story waked up to of giving to wonderful fact, when that the election is > pean c is that an Trish we Shaceenas cee uence here, recent]; state Ge neal sai x to the mon, and nominate himeelf on their ticket, in retarn for which he would the Irish vote for Mc teas and ERR ed; man has been raised to official and the others will, no doubt, soon ition. An at- tempt was made to a of tho first ap intment, on which Honor tao isyor made a very hai and liberal speech, in which he pointed out the ties of rufusing to confer office on citizens of yn birth, and the Aldermen, with one except sustained hin The movement is a very clever and may rere the whigs a lift that the: Mivir shaft right lato therwbito,, sad 1 hat it i remsins. to be seen, weother the other side, like Rowehy at Ashby-de-la Zouche, cam notch it or “ Young Ireland” and “ Old have shaken hands in this city, and now Dr. Brownson and Mr. McGee, the and the Celt, are ‘* Pd excellent friends.” Some People infer * thi that the Irish are be; ‘to feel their , and that they are not lil to be used by th leadas of py party: The number of their votes, by themext Presidential election, will be pkg steno ifer cant to carry the State in any direction t! lease. In copnection with what I said on the temperance movement, I should have mentionod that the whigs of Boston propose placing Deacon Grant on the representative ticket. Mr. Grant is our leadi moral ‘mer, and a man ef wealth, character a influence. He said, in the State Convention, that it would be impossible for the Maine law to be en- forced in Boston; a declaration that has done him no harm here. M; own opinion is that the law, as a law, could be atin here under an active, euer- etic Mayor, assisted by Marshal Tukey; but the ould be vast, and the strife horrible. One uble wi way oranother, there must be some miliions of —_ invested in the liquor trade in Boston—what with importers, manufacturers, retailers in shop, and restaurants, and hotels. Then the buildings rented as hotels, and other places, for the sale of liquor, bring enormous rents, all of which would disap) before the Maine law, rigidly enforced, like the morning cloud and the early dew. You may judge, then, of the vital interest which many of our citizens feel in this matter, and how in politics is to make som: whigs, however, encourage the move ol as they dare to, well knowing that while they can use it, neither their party, nor the coalition, would dare to @ law like that of Maine on the eve of a Presidential election. The monied world has beon considerable easier this week than it was last. Tho story that the Grocers’ Bank had failed created @ little panic on Monday, but it was soonover. Mr. Pingree’s failure has caused cansiderable remark. He is the samo gentleman of whom I wrote you some time ago when king of the lands owned by Massachu- setts in Maine. With those lands Mr. Pingree has had a good deel to do, but [ am not aware that it ever was supposed that he had any connec:ion, even the remotest, with these operations by which the State was cheated right and left, and great Rive, fortunes made at the expense of the public. s failure is said to have been volun- tarily, as he does not wish to pay certain paper that he had endorsed, a rather queer motive for a sus- nsion of payment on the part of a great capital- it, who never can suppose that when he puts his name on the paper of another man, t! it is, as the man in Punch tells his friend will be the case with his acceptance of one of the said friend’s bills, a mere matter of form. I know that some of our best-informed business men consider this to be a mere pretence, and expect that sumething important will yet come out to explain the bankruptey of a man whose property the world has been accustomed to rate by millions. If it be true that much of that roperty is in wild lands in Maine, they will not ve far to seek for either the causes or the conse- quences of the failure at Salem. The effect of the panic on politics is supposed to be rather adverse to the whigs than otherwise. [t causes the attention of some of their best men to be diverted to their private business—to be mono- polized by it. The politician in the world, who finds himeelf in er of private ruin if he do not tend to his own affairs rather than those of his party, will have his zeal wondrously cooled by the reflection. [ was told, the other day, by a gentle- man whose opportunities for acquiring much infor- mation are good, that scarcely one of the old whigs bad moved, as yet, in the contest, but that the young men of the party were, as usual, workiog with energy. But for the exertions of this latter class, it is said that the vote for Mr. Winthrop would be even smaller, in Boston, than it was ia 1850 for Governor Briges: but this I am inclined to place among the political exaggerations of the day. { should not be surprised to see Mr. Win- throp receive 9,000 votes here, while Governor Briggs had but 6,500. e Webster movement has assumed now into- rest, and we are to have a convention. at \y day, of the great man’s supporters, ia Old Faneuil, when and w! he will be formally nominated for the Presidency. The Advertiser, the organ of the slow and steady men of the whig party, came out with a leader, yesterday morning, in favor of Mr. Webster's nominatior the Courier, whith is more particularly the organ of the Webster party, did the same; and pote Poemt republished an ar- ticle in favor of Mr. Webster's nomination, from the Courier and Enquirer, of your city. I have no doubt that the Faneuil Hall Convention will bea reat affair; but I think Mr. Webster's friends are Keccived, or deceive themselves, when they seek to convey the impression that there are many democrats who are ready to join a Web- ster rty. I speak particularly of this part of the ype! and their opinion may be sound, as applied to some other questions of the Union. It is expected by the whigs that Virginia will 50 for them, which would work for the benefit of Mr. Webster; but it is altogether probable that in such an ovent no small number of our whigs would ‘imitate the example of Horace Mann, and abandon their party. higs of this State are far from being unanimous in their opinions on the compromise question, some of them still coeahiog with as mush bitterness of thateettlement —if such it can be called—as do the most ardent free seilers. Indeed, you must have inferred as much from the course of the Whig State Conven- tion in not nominating Mr. Webster for the Presi- dency. The very fact that a convention is to be called in Boston, intwo months after that of Spring- field, is evidence enough that the latter failed to do what was expected from it by an influential portion of the whigs. The Advertiser tak und tha: Mr. Fillmore is in favor of Mr. Webst nomina- tion; and this factalone would be found sufficient to disgust not a few of our whigs, who, by no means edmire the gentleman whose name stands affixed to the Fugitive Slave Law. They are the last people likely to violate the law, but they never will forgive him who bore so promioent a part in placing them in a position where they are compelled to choose be- tween their long settled convictions and their con- servative regard for law. The Norfolk whigs, at their county convention for the nomination of Senatorial can nomi- nated Mr. Webster for the Presidency. This act is regarded by some of the more moderate Webster men as one of unnecessary defiance to Mr. Mann, a large part of whese district ie in Norfolk county. The rae is that the Norfolk whigs only wiehed to be ahead in what is of the nature of an in- evitable act, a foregone conclusion. Mr. Walley, whom the Webs: supported for the guber- natorial nom: ainst Mr. Winthrop, | Norfotk, and is the most iofluential whig in that county, and icinity, now that Mr. Mann is no er of the whig determination. ie of our more conservative or timid eo ade ministration is about to turn into a filibuster con cern, as they think. The articles of the Republic, in their estimate of their character and importa: are sufficient to 6 that Mr. Fill than General i he been elected President been, Ido not vouch. I um hat the coalition candidates in Middlesex are all in favor of that plan, atd also of a similar one bad at heart by the | Pee of Charlestown. Both these plans will pro- ably have ¢ influence on the election. | The temperance movement, though you will see but little concerning it in our papers, is far from having been put an end to. It is, eed, more threatening than ever, and is the source of no little anxiety to gentlemon of an ambitious turn of mind Failing to get the State convention to make the question assume a do’ ht political aspect, the | more ardent temperanee reformers are now deter- mined to move jn the counties. In Middlesex, there is to bes convention on the 22d of Wotober, at which the subject will most likely be thrown into the political arena in a direct and formal manner Such a eeding will prove a perfect filip to the whig palate; it will be olives to their wine, if I may be Aibwed such a figure in such a connection. regular bombshell is expected in quarters whence intelligent opinions on the subject snould emanate It cannot burt the whigs, bat may prove a perfect | cholera to their opponents I have more than onee spoken of the vastness of | the foreign element in our cit tion. Four | fifths, or more, of the so call igners residing in Boston are Irish, many of whom are veters, or in i cose of naturalization. To obtain their support 8 @ very natural desire on the part of our palit. | cians, though the total want of paz Shing oa good organization on the part of democrats gives to the whigs an immense advantage over The ¢ Aone y yoage is all ia the bands of whigs, and feom to have | } | ‘The defiance of Muro; informally put forth by the administration, doee yf ay z ut express the sentiments of the ye ye the people; but what would be the | effect of logically carrying out the — it in- volves, on our business world! That is the ques- tion which many of our “ first men” ask themselves, and the ‘‘ inevitable” answer is anything but agreea- ble to them. It would be a curtous working of the political wheel of fortune, were a whig adminis tration, which, in fact, owes its existence to the belief that provailed that General Cass was beat on war with some nation or other, should gst the country into a war with two-thirds of Lurope That would be making the ‘‘whirligig of time” bring about its revenges after a most wholesale fashion a who pass for baving long heads declare that Mr. Fillmore is making a bid for the Southern vote in 1862. We are having the Indian summer—the Martin- mas summer, as they call it in the old country—— in all ite glory. Jt has come on rather earlier this | year than usual, and therefore is rather warmer, ome of the days durirg the present week being even too warm, @ rare occurrence in the fair but melancholy month of October. It is in ble to imagine any thing more beautiful than the country bo! The fioree beats and drought of the closing sof summer were followed by frosts scarcely lees flere, and the conse was that the trees were affected in ® very rapid and universal man- rer. Travel in what direction you will, in Massa- chusetts, at thistime, and gee Will see something more beautiful than the lilies of the field, whion exceeded in magnificence Solomon in all his glory You will see ono of the few beauties of our stern land—what Halleck, in perhaps the finest f American poetry, and equal to enything of “he rainbow beauty of the forest leaves’ Nothing can be more pathetically touching; and though the subject has been arenes ever since days of Homer, men will dwell upon it uatil the Greek bard shall have become as fo: a as the “falling leaves” ot which he sang, if one could imagine such a fate befalling the ‘blind old man of Grio’s rocky ”* Noone who sees New Eng- land at thistime, can wonder that our people are so fond of their native land in spite of its 1 rug gedness, its grud, soil, its score! summer. and its iron fiat tis enough to raise poetical ideas in the mind of even # frequenter of State Street, togo out into the fields and forests of tho land of ice and granite, and ie jock through nature w to Metare's dod.” , 0 suppose @ money c! ‘or’s vision is equal to 00 sublimera, flight. Te ’ Our hotels are doing an excellent business. The ‘Tremont maintains its standing as one of the best in the country, especially for familios. Indeed, the Tremont has a charm about it that is attractive to all travellers. The table is all that could be de- sired; the waiters are polite and attentive, and the Parkers and the well known Mr. John D. Olmstead are indefatigable in their exertions to please their eae Once domiciled in the Tremont, and it difficult to leave it; and when you do leave it, you do so with regret, and with the presentiment that there are a thousand chances to one against your receiving such comfort, kindness and atten- tion in apy of hotel. This is the secret of the success of the Tremont House in Boston. ALooma. P. 8.—The democrats of the fifth district—Judgo Allen’s—have chosen Mr. Knowlton @ delegate to the National Convention of their party: 1 is edi- tor of the ahlest democratic papor in Now England —the . He is opposed to the Fugitive Slave law, because he believes it to be an invasion of State rights. His election to the Baltimore Convention is evidence that the democracy of his county and district are far from rearain that law as “@ fixed ” Mr. Rantoul will elected from his district, and you know what his views are. General Cushing is spoken of most prominentl; from the third; and I have heard that 3. D. Brad- ford is su re ies —e Feet of Fd candi- ou; r. mi supporters. ‘All things considered, believe that the democratic del will_be con- siderably divided as to the merits of the Fagitive Slave law, and perhaps, also, on the que: of the election of a Presidential candidate. A yoar ago, General Cass was at the head of all other men in the estimation of the Massachusetts demo- cracy, but some of his principal friends have been 80 overbearing towards the bulk of the party, de- nouncing them as abolitionists on account of the “coalition,” that his prospects of support from these have been greatly diminished. ir. Hallett, with the very best possible intentions, has done General Cass immense injury i but that Donaldson letter has very nearly settled him. When it is proclaimed to a party that, in the event of the election of a certain man, whom they stood stoutly by in the day of his defeat, they will ail be put under the ban, they are excusable in turning their attention to some other person. Mr. Hallett has been chosen a delegate to the National Convention by the ward and county com- mittees of Boston and Suffolk, subject to the popu- lar vote of the district, which will be favorable. At the meeting all was national democracy. Mr. Hallett said he should go for a democratic candi- date, who would be thoroughly national, of talent, and most likely to harmonize the party. This is more moderate than his usual language. Our Canadian Correspondence. Brantrorp, October 1, 1851. Trade of Buffalo--Intercourse with Canala—The Weland Canal—Routes from Buffalo, and View of the Fails of Niagara—Their Change of Locations and Speculations of Geologists upon the Subject. Buffalo has become a pretty considerable place, it was burnt in the war of 1812, by the British troops during the operations on the Niagara frontier. The imports from the lakes, in 1850, were 22,525,781, and the Erie canal having delivered these during the same year, to be forwarded to the Western States and Canada, to the amount of $33,790,645, and exported for delivery in the city of New York, and that pertion of the State on and near Lake Erie, $7,888,325—the amount received, by the railroad between Marchand December, be- ing $6,152,456. ‘The total exports from Buffalo, in 1850, amounted to $67,027,515; showing an excess over 1,849 of $6,987,456, The intercourse between Buffalo and Canada is chiefly via Port Stanley, some distauce up the Lake on the British side, between which place and Buffalo a steamer plies regularly, and Grand river, that is navigable to Brantford, which are the out- lets of a well-cultivated and farming country. Before the Welland canal was opened, the trade of Wertern Canada, and of the entire Western States, was confined to Buffalo; and the produce of this wide extent of territory was transported to New York by the Erie canal, the present dimensions of which would not have mot the increased demand for shipment; and even had no other channel been opened, it must have taken auother dirction. Brantford is reached by m ht locks, that have been constructed to obstacles in ths river above India: rise to an elevation of se renty-two feet There are | several flourishing villages on Grand river; but the | produce of the country is for the most part shipped at Dunnville, near its mouth, and at the junction of the Welland canal and the river. The Welland canal, named after the Chippewa or Welland river, where it was originally intended that work should terminate, was jected by the Hon. W. H. Merritt, a native of New York, in ISIS, but it was not commenced till 1824. The banks of an extensive excavation, called the “ rt having caved in, it was determined to exten: the canal to Grand river, which forms a feeder, and it now terminates at Port Maitland, at its mouth, about thirty miles above Buffalo. hii is pny miles in length, a 0 of over an elevation of three- hundred and thirty-one feet. The locks are ee PBT in number, twent; which at the Thorold Ridge, and are ci Neptune's Staircase,” which rises to a height of two bundred and fifty eeven feet from the base The locks are from one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet in length, by from twenty-six to forty feet in wid ind the entire work has cost the province 2 100; the public debt of which, for various public works, amounts at present to $18,000,000, on which an annual interest of about $500,000 is paid, exclusive of the sinking fund. A Cer view is presented in the vicinity of the Welland canal, from the brow ill, near a village called Fonthill, at the summ! the Tho- about midway between the Erie and ere the isthmus is only twenty-two Immediately below the is an mamenss pits 1 which are dispersed numerous towrs and villages, interspersed among which are streams and rivulets that appear like streams of sil- ver, glittering in the noendey sua. Before him lies the canal, filled with American and British vessels ; at a distance are the Niagara Fails, throwing up their clouds ef mist and spray; while on the one side be has a view of the waters of Lake Erie, and on the other, of those of tne Ontario; and, when the weather is clear, Toronto may be seen, ata distance of forty miles. For the gratification of vi- siters, an obrervatory has beer erected on this com- mandiog positi and a telescope has been pro- vided for their accommodation But to return to Baffalo. It was nine in the morning when | left Buffalo for Lewiston, there to take boat for Toronto, on my return. There are two routes which a traveller can take to or from the Fails. He may either choose the cars from Buffa- lo or a steamboat for Chippewa, on the Canadian side, where he will find rail cars drawn by hi in that dit jon, an of Lut rapids” jiately mouth of the Chippewa, where the stre: impetuous | waswith the party last of the Governor General and members of’ gio. lature, which oy through the Welland canal, immediately after ite enlargement. in which we took after Thorold Kidge, was very ma- I thought intentionally—the captain an old tery, cepeced to the oer it, and secmed determined to spoil their ‘ ; the result was, that we did not reach Buffalo pene” following morning, very much to the d te ment of fe good People of that . who hed made every preparation, on the eding evening, for the reception of the Earl of Kigin and thove who accompanied bis lordship After spending an hour or two there, the steamer took ber departure fer Chippewa, the approach to which caused considerable excitement, from its prox- imity to the “rapids.” Fort on board an American pilot, caution, a8, owing to the bunglin; we ich the boat was managed by her o the excur- sion might otherwise have terminated with a trip Falls ; and it was only by warping her f spr that the vessel was a through the dock, which, the better to ensure 7, a ode for a considerable distance into the lake. Had the ropes parted, owing to the greet strain was on them, the boat acted as she did when yaesing through the locks of the canal, she must been drawn ii of om which it would have been difficult to ed destruction The rido from Buffalo to the Falls is most de- lightful, thy road passing in sight of the lake, aad a Buffalo to Lewiston, on American side, and from Fort Erie to ptt on the British, lies through sections of where, during the last short war with armies of two rival nations contended for tne and alternately trium; Seiaeeene were ashes, in retaliatien for ofthe village of Niagara, then called Newark, by the American forces under Gen. McClure. ; There is @ fine view of both falls from the point where the suspension bridge touches the American shore, previous to our reac! which plarge portion of the passengers in the cars had to contemplate at leisure the justly styled ‘* Wonder of the World.” a f ber dered however, does not enable a de- ited behol fe falls: $0: cenbenaiots aa magnificence of the scene, which excites tree amazement every time it is contemplated; and how few, even realize all that « view of the Niaga- ra is calculated to inspire! They behold, it is true, an immense volume of water, on the British sido some six hundred yards in breadth, flo a rocky ledge, and precipitating itse!f from a of one hun fifty-eight feet into the basia below, sending up clou: spray, and dashing and foaming through the ravin, by which it finds ita way to the Ontario. But they do not reflect upon the changein i- a "andergen thay abled their over ten bens \ have eainrgne ee clr 11 yy, a8 geologists su; , from Queens town, some six or seven tailed distant; f rarely carried back to that period when pode 8 of Vg come oaraxed the an of end intario; nor do reflect upon magnita: of those vast inland seas of fresh water, one of which, Lake Superior, is three hundred and eighty miles in length, by one hundred and in breadth, situated six hundred and twenty-five feet above tho level of the present ocean, with @ medium depth of nine hundred feet, whose over- flowing waters are precipitated through the chasm at Niagara. The first account of the Falls was poablidhad in 1697, by Father Hennepin, who describes their dis- mal rot as heard fifteen leagues off, and who mentions a cascade across from west to east, but smaller than the other two. A Danish pone eee Copete, in i agzges . mai tl Hennepin; 01 there was at that time no third cascade, yor bo marks the:place where it once existed; and which he was formed by an immense rook, whick stream and made it to descend across the Fi and a Rayer before, after it caused to flow. 3 rock was long known as the Table Rock, (from whioh visiters viewed the Niagara, and which last year made another somerset, aad now lies in soat- tered fragments at the foot of the oliff. It is has been estimated that the Falls spends ot the rate of a foot annually, at which rate it require upwards of thirty thousand years, to trat verse the distance between Queenstown heights and their present position. But it is probable a much more moderate computation would embrace the supposed change of locality; and, although the Falls are evidently working higher up the river, as the continued ing of water wears away tho roek beneath, yet there may not have been a con- tinuous abstructien from their present site te Queenstown, or the ravine between those points, may have been created by some operation of na- ture. In the Jesuits college at Quebec, there is » ma- nuseript giving an account of an earthquake which commenced on the fifth of February, 1068, and con- tinued with scarce any interruption till Asgen tel lowing, by which one hundred and eighty miles was convulsed on the same day. At Trois Rivieres, on the St. Lawrence, the which bor- dered the river on either side, were torn from their foundations and precipitated into the stream, caus- ing it to change its course. During this convulsion of nature, lakes appeared where none existed be- fore, and mountains were overthrown and swallow- ed rp leaving in their places frightful chasms. It ia not improbable, therefore, that arent below thefalis, through which flows the Niagere, river, have been then effected, and whish the great d of the river would seem to indicate. shore on both sides the Niagara river, is high steep, and composed of strata of clay and shale, alternately occuring in a horizontal! position; that on the north of Lake Ontario has a similar elevation, and in its precipitous sides are foand om- bedded feesh water shells, and othor indications of its formation, proving a former ed level of the lake, while the range of highla: which extend from the Falls to Queenstown heights, and thence ultimately to Qvebec, are considered by Professor Lyell, to have been the bonndary of an ancient ocean. AMERICANUS. The Great Cal for the Tel between Gngiand and Brencer (Prem th London News, Sept. 18.) Yesterday the t cable, twenty-four miles long, d destined, when sunk between Dover and Ca- to form the key for electric communication correspondence between this country and the European continent, was completed at the works of the Submarine Telegraph Company, Wap; the last coil being securely ciroumflexed at four o'clock. The occasion an interesting opportunity for observing the rather novel and no- ticeable processes employed in the fabrication of this newly devised agency for international com- munication, as worked out through the medium of gutta percha and the wire rope machine. Enter- ing the factory, situated in High street, and whieh, through a perfect pandemonium of tar and smoke, and steam, has been visited by a num- ber of distinguished individuals, there are two well- constructed wire rope machines, each about twenty feet high and fifteen in circumference, represe: a large iron framework in the form of a cupola, wi @ shaft or cylinder inthe centre, worked bys steam engine of five horse power. 0! to the ing of a bell, a concourse of workmen from the rope works of Messrs. Newall, at Gi their places round one of the machines employed in the first process. The machine, the action of whioh is ver |, being setin motion by the steam en- give, the first or interior portion of which the oom- consists, was payed out on to the shaft. is composed of four electric copper wires, know the sixteen wire gauge, each oa- cased in & covering of gutta percha of a quarter of aninch in diamoter. ‘These, Fae. in the ma- chine, and with the assistance of the manipulators, are twisted and plaited in spiral convolutions, in the manner of an ordinary rope or cable, yore bs eee a an next superincumbent coil to t! consiste hem, yarn previously Saturated ia a reservoir of pre Bred pitch and tallow, and in its turn is tight t and compressed, ippermeably and by steam power, over the percba, with its enclosed r wires. Tais ie ove) laid again with a series em pen yarns, five or six in number, and about an inch in diameter, faturated in the piteh and tallow, with the view of what the workmen call “ the gutta tte percha thus protects the deli- The hem yarn, in addition, acts terial to the more perishable 5 ous as a cementitious ha, which ultimately has thrown over ite il of galvanized mire. This completes and the manufacture of the repe in the ‘al form is for the purpose of gi bility. The second consists in the cable so far completed, and passing ther compartment of the ” wire rope machine, where covered over with ten galvanized wire being about the thi F = } fits nite THEE i the interior layers from yen he the weight is considered to be suffic.ent to sick the cable ex necessitate witatis. The ap of the cable thus comp! ine coat of galvanised iron, divested of tar dirt, gives it quite a silvery a The coil thus completed is drawn off the machine and out by the men, as sailors haul rope, into the fso- tory yard, re it now remains rolled up intow circle, some five feet in height, and twenty feet im circumference; representing a dead weight of tons. In order to test its complotencss, Mr. ©. Waillaston, the engineer conducted the @: riments last year, and in conjunction Mr. T. R. Crampton, has the carrying out of the evginecring arrangements, fired ® fuses, the 24 miles of electric cable, from one of teries in the building A steamer has at the disposal of the promoters ofthe by ber Majesty's government, to convey to Dover. The gutta percha wires pared by the Gutta Percha Com perfect style of insulation, and cone hundred miles of intended communication presented by the four wires of twenty-four each, have and their integri found true, by Mr. Wo! inthe Ri nal. Ths manufacture of the cable has now in hand three weeks, the men Syties a day; and it is hoped and expected the o vance will accomplish an antwerable end. See 38a I ff Hf Few persons are aware of the international value and commercial advantage of com: this last link, the want of which at disad- yantageously this country from so many of her European and her own imperteat poses sions and depen jes, and pro! this could not receive stronger illustration than ‘s contained in the ntation of the fact, that when the eub-ma- over the Ei channel is a thing ween land Cf 7 ng! f the Sactoent Oy Ay snow —Calais, ; es i ‘Prague Breslan, Lei 's ‘racow, V ay Tea miles do- for India), Venice, Milan, and by the mouth to Turin apd Gonga.