The New York Herald Newspaper, July 1, 1851, Page 3

HE PRESIDENT’S VIRGINIA TOUR. ‘e Return Homeward, and the Reception at é Fredericksburg. he Night seams up “the Potomae, and Arrival at Head-Quarters, dic. Sie, See Our Special Correspondence. Wasuineton, June 23, 1351. "Last Saturday, the President of the United States and suite left the city of Washington, via Potomac giver and ,the Chesapeake bay, for Old Point Com- fort and the Rip-raps. Within a week they have seen agreat deal of old Virginia, and have enjoyed the most flattering evidences of the hospitality of her people at-every town. The reception at Old Point, and the-ball—the reception at Norfolk—the reception at-Hill Carter’s, and Col. Harrison's, on the James river—the reception by the citizens of Richmond andby the Constitutional State Conven- tion at the capitol and the very enthusiastic reception to-day by the ancient little city of Fredericksburgh, were all caloulated to impress upon Mr. Fillmore the very gratifying fact that the people of Virginia are satisfied with his administration, and sincerely gratified to sce him, and to welcome him among them in their proud old commonwealth. Tho President, and Mr. Stuart, the Secretary of the Interior, and Mr. Hall, the Postmaster General, and Mr. John O. Sargeant, the litter writing editor of the Republic, accompanied by a committee of the State Convention in behalf of the State; and ‘by a committee of invitation from Fredericksburgh; and by Mr. James G. Bishop, the accomplished, indefatigable, and persevering official reporter of the interminable pow-wowing of the, convention; and by Mr. R. H. Gallaher, the untiring publisher of that long-winded paper called the Supplement; and by the man that has read the Supplement; and by various other persons, left Richmond very quiet- jy this morning, at 8 o’clock, and arrived at Kred- ericksburgh, homeward bound, seme sixty miles, at about twelve o’clock. The President and party were greeted by a salute of artillery as the train entered the town, and were amet at the station by a civil and military esvort,head- ed by the Mayor and the bodies corporate of the cor- poration. After the cheering, which was very lively, Mr. R. P. Sampe, the Mayor, weleomed the * President on behalf of the corporate authorities of Fredericksburg, tendering him the hospitalities of the town. He said it gave him Pee to inform the President that a majority of the people of the town were the advocates of administration, while those who were his po! 1 opponents be- lieved in his honesty and fidelity to the constitution. Mr. S. referred to the crisis under which, he said, the President entered upon the discharge of his du- ties, which he was heopy to say had been met moat successfully. Mr. S. then remarked that the Pre- sident stood upon sacred ground. Along those streets were the play grounds of Washington in his -ehildhood, and ona neighboring hill reposed the remains of his venerated mother. Here, too, was the home of Mercer, who fell at Priaceton, a mar- tyr to our country’s liberty. Mr. S. concluded by tendering to the President a cordial welcome, and the hospitalities of the city. And the President replied :— Mr. Mayor.—I beg leave to return to you and the citizens of Fredericksburg, my profound ac- knowledgments for this very cordial reception. 1 had heard much of Virginia hospitality before I ever crossed her ancient borders: but, truly, like the Queen of Sheba, | now may say the half had not been toldme. (Applause.) At every town [have amet with the most kindly and generous welcome; wnd 1 can assure you that | visit this place with “otions of no common interest. You have alluded “subjects, sir, that have called up the livelicst clings of my heart. 1 should confess myself, in- eed, as dead to the feelings of patriotism, if they vere not awakened on such an occasion as this. What scenes arc these around us? Here is the layground of Washington—here sleep the ashes fhis venerated mother. Sir, the American heart iat does not warm at such reminiscences, must be neensible to every patriotic emotion. But the true American will feel that as long as Mount Vernon hall be the shrine of political pilgrims, the lovers f liberty, of the,””aion, and of Washington, solong niil Fredericks’ x be revered as containing the ishes ofhisnobiw, ‘her. | beg leave to return you ny thanks for t. ydatiering terms in which you have alluded to m_.sdmi lean only say soyou that Ihave endeavored, to the best of my udgmentand + 4ity, to discharge my duty, and ny whole duty. :¢Applause.) And next to’ this gratifying conviction, | do assure you is the pleasure which 1 derive, and. the grateful encouragement from the knowledge that my fellow citizens appre- ciate ard approve my conduct. J again tender to you my eurnest acknowledgments and cordial thanks for the welcome you bave given me and those who accompany me ‘in this agreeable visit to the ancient city of Fredericksburg. (Applause— fhe President was conducted to a coach and four, in which he was seated by the Mayor of Fre- dericksburg, and a very clever, excellent, good fel- low, at that; Mr. Faulkner and Mr. Couway, of the State Committee, rode in the next carriage ; Mr. Postmaster General Halland the Kev. Mr Miller, of the convention, in the next; Mr. A. H. H. Stuart and Capt. Fulton in the next ; Mr. Spalding, of the Richmond Despatch, and Mr. John UO Sar- geant, of the Republrc, in tue next; and Me. Wi G. Bishop, the able convention reporter, to whom we are indebted for assistance on this occasion, and Mr. Gallaner, the publisher of the Supplement, in the next. These were followed by a number of other » carriages, occupied by citizens and strangers. The Fredericksburg Guards ese id the procession into town, and through the prinvipal stroets. As usual, on such occasions, the sidewalks s warmed with bo; und negro nd the windows, on boch sides, were d with such a host of sweet faces, and and waving handkerchiefs, that the it himself, in the detour, was compelled, trom their irresistible fascination, to keep his face elevated at an angle of some seventy-five degrees. ' The day was excersively hot, and sultry, and dusty. One of the soldiers fuinted and fell in the street ‘The sweat rolled off the cheeks of the rest of them, in their close, hot, padded uniforms, as if their heavy caps were filled with water, and had sprung a leak. ‘The negroes, saturated with perspiration und co- d with dust, looked as if they had been dipped in a mixture of oil and ashes, and had an awfal aroma of “Old Virgiony.” Arrived at the Exchange Hotel, the President ite were mounted upen a temporary platform front; while the Jalies were all arranged iew from the surrounding windows. Dr. BR. We yp then (after the cheering) advanced to the Presiden: and, confronting him, ad- jressed him as follows: — Mr. President:— As the organ of my fellow citizens, it becomes my privilege to tender you acordial wel- come to our ancient town. Unpretending in our posi- tion, we can offer for your admiration none of the triumphs of art, nor in traversing our streets can we present to your view any gorgeous embellishments rehitecture. To these, our brethren of larger are wont to refer as evidence of their wealth and prosperity. Our jewels are of different water. On the farther bank of your own placid Rappahan- nock, we point to the hills once pressed by the feet of our youthful Washington, and on our strect to the cottage which sheltered the age, and to the round where now repose the ashes of her who gave sim his being, who nurtured his childhood, watehed his advancing years, and lived eo see him enjoyit a world-wide reputation, which will be curronaded by a halo brighter and_ still brightening when the the hereditary “ lords of a day are forgotten as fools, or remembered as worse.”” We may exhibit the hum- ble office in which your predecessor, Monroe, com- mencedhis career as an aspirant for legal and p»litical honors, or to the home where the priv ate virtaes of Mercer illustrated a life freely surrendered for the emancipation of his adopted country, on the blood- oat soilof Princeton Sir, when asked for the evi- dere of our claims to position among the cities of the South, we refer, not to cloud-cay Stowers nor gor- geous palaces, but like the Koman matron, we proudly point ‘te our sons; to those who have de- voted their manhood and their blood to found, and their intellectual vigor to rear, the noble tem- - of our liberties, the worthy high | hog of which have now the honor to address. Sir, with remi- niscensce and associations such shese, the people of Fredericksburg would be unt to the best and ‘worthiest impulses of our nature, if they could, for ‘one moment, falter in attachment to the glorious Union, over which it i# your high destiny to pre- side, and which they believe it has ever been your honest endeavor to preserve. The cordial sincerity with which we greet you as our guest, cannot be doubted, when in you we are happy to recognise, not the mero President of a party or a section, but the President of the country and the whole country. A statestnan, who, epurning the pro- judice .of ‘birth and education, embraces in the extensive grasp of his policy the inte. rests and tie happiness of all from the shores of his ve lakes to the borders of the broad Atlantic ; from the frozen regions of the North to the land of the cypress and myrtle, the extremity of our own beloved and sunny South. Sir, our gallant ship of state, with such a commander, officered by We ty and Hall, and Stuart, and Crittenden—her crew he yeomanry of the itry—her compass the con- S stitution and the laws, may defy the ton®pests shia Homan Wi Vionae Wie Spam OUR her, until she rides in triumphant security in the safe ensheonge of &@ preserved and prod rous Union, amid the acclamations and the blessings of a united and a happy ple. Sir, the Union must be preserved; and with a stern and inflexible obe- dience to the constitution of the country, we fear not the parricidal efforts of abolitionists or dis unionists. ‘The earth hath bubbles as the water hath, And these are of them. But, Mr. President, there must be a period in com- ing Sime when the existence of governments, as of individuals, will be numbered among the things that were, when even this glorious Union now towering in the pride of its strength, the model among the nations of the carth—the home of the homeless—the city of refuge for the desolate and oppressed, having achieved the destiny designed for it, by the God of nature and of nations, must, like all things, finite, close its career, and when that xad day shall come, long and late may its ad- vent be. May it please the God, who has ever pro- tected and over ruled its fortu to let its end be as brilliant ag its life, not engulfed in the ocean of destruction, amid violated covenants, intestine broils, and fraternal feuds; but the North, and the South, the East and the ‘West battling in one com- mon cause against a common enemy, like some gal- lant fleet defeated, but not subdued, by the artil- lery of her adversary, go down with drums beating ret! colors flying, with guns shotted and matches lighted, without fear and without reproach. Agoin, Mr. President, in the name and on behalf o! ay constituents, I bid you, and those who are wit! you, welcome, welcome. ¢ Pxesipenr replied as follows — Mr. Chairman and fellow citizens :—To these re- ated welcomes I can only return my repeated inks. My Jouney, from the time | left Wash- ington until I arrives here, has been one through a country before entirely unknown to me, a coustry of great novelty to me, and a country of great his- torical interest. And during the whole of it, there is no point where that interest has been more in- tense than in vite your beautiful sity. Here, I am informed, were the playgrounds of Washington. Here was where he drank in those lessons of his youth which fitted him in his manhood to defend the country against the tyrannies of power, and to establish a Union, which | trust, the citizens of this city will be the last to abandon. Here, too, lies, Ihave been told, the ashes of his mother. Precious relics! Can it be possible that treason can find sympathy here? No, sir; no,sir. No mat- ter what disunionists may do at one end of the Union, or factionists at the other, those reared upon the soil where Washington stood never can be traitors. A Voice.—“True, true” Sir, I visit your place with uncommon interest. Uhave traversed your streets, and have met your citizens with no ordinary satisfaction. The beauti- ful military array that has preceded the procession to-day—the still more beautiful array of the fair daughters of your city, and their grateful welcome —are among the gratifying evidences of your re- spect generous hospitality. The President seats returned his thanks, and was again answei by cheers, applause, and the waving of white handkerchiefs from the windows, which involved the display of some of the roundest, and whitest, and loveliest arms you ever saw. Fredericksburg is said to be a finished production. Certainly there is not much room for improvement in the beauty of her daughters. We take it that they are the uncontaminated descendants of the high blooded ancient Cavaliers. But at the close of his speech the President was again loudly cheere: and retired bh the house covered with dust, an jory. A pse of an hour, devoted to indispen- sable ablutions, and a change of linen, the Presiden’, and his official companions were ready for the third chapter in the day's exercises, and the most agree- able of all. They entered the up-stairs parlor to receive the ladies of Fredericksburg. They came in by shoals, and they all admired the President. One young lady declared he was the most splendid man she ever saw, and she could not Ker but love im; ‘but he is not so ‘sassy’ as Mr. Clay is, a ll the girls wherever he goes.” Another asked if the President was married; another said, “‘what a pity.” Another presented him with a bouquet, and blushed when the President thanked her for it, in his own peculiarly modest and amiable manner. Looking out of the window from this charming scene to the groups of darkies in the streets below, they appeared the blackest negroes we had ever seen this side of Charleston. Perha it was from contrast; for a dusky man appeat ape ag Erebus on entering it from the blaze of the sun. a THE DINNER. At three o’clock we had the dinner, in the lot room of the Exchange, of which the following the oill of fare, and a pretty fair bill it is fora country village on the spur of the moment. XBZBS GLELEEEE LEE EEE LEE EX. EXCHANGE HOTEL. BILL OF PARE. DINNER GIVEN TO THE STATES AN! R BATURDAY, JUNE 28, 1851. CESSES ELLZE § Fist AND ov#TERA, » Sheepbead, Dolled and Sturgeon, pickled and ‘5 Berea, baked, % ; Oysters, pickled and stewed. % Meats, $ 3 tam, cold and warm,” Saddles Lamb, 8 & Roast Beet, Loins Veal, § Do. Pigs, Ducks, boiled and baked, 4g Do Lamb, Chickens, boiled and %) {} Boiled do. fried, 3} Saddles Mutton, with Chicken Pies, ht & currant jelly, Baked Geese. 4 ts Veouvan.es. ; New Potatoes, Cucumbers, oy > Snap-beans, Tomatoes, Na f Beets, Cymblins, Early York Cabbage. {) Ice Cream and Pine Open Pastry, & Apples, Raspberries, § Cake, plain, and fruit, Raisins and Almonds, & Lemon Puddings, Cheese, 3 {3 Cherry Tarts, Champagne, by the doz, 9) ry Ko., Ke., &e. 8 NZ ZEB BELSOZ SES ELLE ESE CEE ELSON About one hundred and fifty persons sat down to the tables. At the peineionl table the President eat about midway between the two ends, with the president of the occasion, Judge Barton, by his side; and opposite to him the Mayor, to whom the reporters are indebted for a position noxt to his honor. At the enst end of the table was Mr. Hall, supported by Mr. Mliller, of the convention; at the west end was Mr. Stuart, sustained by Mr. Conway and others. After the distribution of the raspberries and ice cream, Judge Barton (a brother, we believe, of eth Barton, late solicitor of the Treasury), called the company to order. Are you ready in the east, are you charged In the west { Gentlemen, fll your glasves for the first toast. 1. The Constitution ef the United States—a model of political wisdom—a monument of Ameri- can patriotism—an enlarged philanthropy demands the perpetuation of the Union it has established ‘Lhe Chairman next, in a very py ert nerd and delicate speech, complimented the President of the United States, by supposing a case of a youth, who became the artificer of his own fortunes, and who by his industry, his talents, and his integrity, rose to the highest station in the world—a patriot, who “knows no North, no South, no East, no West, nothing but the Union.” Hsteeming such a man at a distance, when he comes among us, he takes captive our affections. 1 propose you— rur distinguished guest, the President of the United States-—true to the constitution of the country, a8 the needle to the pole, he has steered the ship of State through a thren ing storm, are and & patrio Cia mense ebecring and applause—Musie.) The President replied, that this compliment was too flattering for him. And if during the few remarks he proposed to make, there should be cblei amang us takin’ notes, He hoped he would burn ‘em —burn ‘em, and not aE vey “em.” The President should rather be judged from his official acts than from addresses at the dinner table, or anything he might say apart fiom his official poliey As might regard the policy he should pursue, he had taken the oath to support the constitution—he meant what he said, and ho intended to fulfil his duty. (Cheers.) In the dis- charge of this duty, he should endeavor to mete out equal and exact justice to all sections, and favors tonone. They who wish the government adminis- tered on these principles, he hoped would be his friends, whether whigs or democrats. He spoke of the Union, of the sacredness of the Union—he con- sidered it so sacred that its disruption ought not to be discussed; yet it had become familiar to calcu- Jate the value of the Union. He adverted to the Congress of 1841-42, when he was a member of the House, and Chai n of the Committee of Ways and Means. At that time Mr. Adams was urgi the right of petition, and the duty of Congress to receive and act upon — whatever they might be. Acting upon this principle, though strongly devoted to the Union, Mr. Adams presented one da; & petition for its dissolution. He declared that hi mind revolted from such & thought, and moved that the petition be referred with instructions to report immediately against the prayer of tho petitioners. What followed? A resolution was introduced to expel Mr. Adams from the House, notwithstanding his explanations. The House was in a ferment. Mr. Adams came to me morning ir morning to delay the pu business; for fear that if caile his expulsion would be made tho first question. And in this way the public business was postponed two weeks. ‘The vote of Mr. Adams was impor- tant to us, and sueh was the excitement again him that ho dreaded to meet the question, for fear that he would be expelled. What do we now vee? It has become a familiar thing to threaten disanion—and to count the value 0: the Vaion, This very circumstance was alarming soul. bd he was to make every sacrifice—even of life itself, to preserve and to perpetuate to ty. had already said too much, aot ase accom him were better qualified to address this company than himself. (Three cheers—three more—great Ly compe pace Thememory ofGen. Washington. (Drank stand- in entlemen fll your gases; 1 entlemen, our, TO) ‘ou now— The Hon. Nattian if H Firthy oon of a sis- ter State. We extend to him a Virginia welcome. (Music—applause.) Mr. Ha said, that among his peculiarities he had always practised an economy of speech; and chat it was one of his defects of education that he had never learned to talk. Forthis the President was, to some extent, responsible; but he did not regret it ; and, with an apology and his thanks, Mr. Hall evaded the requisition for a speech. We all papas him to tell us something of his contem- plated improvements in the Post Office Depart- ment ; but he was satisfied in thanking the compa- ny for their confidence in the administration of Bis jriend, the President. After a teast to the Judiciary of the United States, and another to the army and navy. Judge Barton gave the following as the next of the regular series :— The Hon. Alexander H. H. Stuart. Virginia greets with pride her honored son. Mr. Conway, from the West, eloquently seconded the sentiment. Mr. Srvarr. —Gentlemen, I receive the greeting of my venerable mother with truly filial affection and reverence. And like a true Virginian, he spoke of the glory of the brave old State; of Patrick Henry, and Lee, of Jefierson, Washington, Madi- son, Marshall, and their direct agency from the fomenting of the revolution, each in his proper sphere, a8 the leading minds in establishing our in- pendence and in founding our government. Mr. Stuarb ahoment the question of disunion was a sub- ject which should be discussed but witha view only to prevent that calamity of dissolution. He be lieved the danger had not been magnified—tha it had not, indeed, been understood; nor was it yet altogether past. The leaders of the secession party were for disunion ee se, because they would rather be first in a Southern confederacy, than second in these United States, as they are. The danger of dissolution was not in the nature of Ssutherninstitu- tions altogether. It was in the ambitious leaders of Southern ultras. It was their settled purpose to dissolve this Union. They had endeavored to effect it on various subjects, at different times. It was with them not disunion as an ‘alternative, but dis- uoion for its own sake, and the prospects of subserv- ing their ambitious projects. But they had betrayed themselves too soon, and he believed the Union was now stronger than it had been for twenty years in the hearts of the people. But although many of the deluded victims of these Catalines of disunion in the South, had now deserted them, it was ver: evident the scheme of disunion is not abandoned. Eternal viele is the price of liberty. He should stand by the Union. I am said to bo a whig, born a whig, a whig inarets, have always been a whig, Thave lived a wh , and hope to die a whigy but so help me God, I should vote for a good Union democrat, if necessary, in preference to the loftiest whig in the land, if tainted with disunionism. There are two classes of disunionists—the Northern and Southern, and he ranked them both together, for the slimy reptiles of abolitionism were driving to the same object of disunion with the seceders of the South. Mr. Stewart concluded by proposing— The memory of Hugh Mercer. Mr. Spaulding, of Richmond, Mr. John O. Sar- geant, Mr. Miller, Mr. Conway, Mr. Stanard, and others, also addressed the meeting; as also Mr. Chas. J. Faulkner, of the Virginia Legislature, in reply to a toast complimenting him as the author oo ms, itive Slave a shes t bal it six o'clock, soomiet Guards as large detachment of the ladles of Fredericksburgh, the President and party left in the train for the Potomac river. They arrived at the river about half-past seven, and at eight o’clock were conducted on board the steamer Mount Ver- non, with a company of one hundred persons on board, just down from Washington. ine Band, by some inexcusable neglect somewhere, failed to arrive, or we should have had a pleasant dance all the way up the river. There was a fine supper on board. At Speier pte at near mid- the President was hailed with bonfires, artil- says id the loudest cheering of the day. rrived at Washington past ‘midnight, when all hands, without much ceremony, quietly dispersed, the President’s carriage taking the direction of the White House. Ww. ‘The New Asteroid Irene. The following communication has been trans- mitted to the Secretary of the Navy, by Lieut. Maury :— National Onservatory, Wasnineton, June 25, 1351. Sir--The newly discovered asteroid, Irene, has, since wy former a concerning it, been observed by Professors Keith, Benedict, and Major, with the meridian instruments; and an orbit has been comput- edfor it by Mr. Ferguson, from the observations af May 19th, by Hind, the discoverer; of 26th, by De. Petersen, of Altona, and Mr. Hartnup, of Liver- pon. and of June 10th, by Professors Benedict and Jajor of this observatory, giving the following fundamental places and elements :— a a M. T. G May 19. 54876 214° 2/0073) —13 23 36.7 * 26. 47529 239 17 50 1 —1 35 43 June 10. 61257 235 53 48 2 —l4 2 as ° IRENE. Mean. Equinox, 1851—M. T. Greenwich. M. 22 23 373 June 10:0 SU 87 47 «462 a 209 42 448 . 8 37 35.7 q 13 43 582 Ya 9 4619100 “ 9197.68 On the 10th June— - e—o in ® — 04", in 9 43977 Ouservations with tur Meniptan Lysrruments. une 10. « hom. s, 15 43 36.95 Mer. Circle—14 12 42.02 Mural. Mer. Cir. June 13 3. —I4 22 03.68 Mural. June MM. 4 25 27.07 2 Mural. 31.00 § Mer. Cir. June 17. —I1 35 13.87 Mural. June 18. 15 38 18.12) Mer. Cir. —14 39 23 07 2 Maral. 10 § ‘Transit 2 Mer. Cir. Professor Major observed with the Meridian Circle, Henediet with the Mural, and Keith with the Transit. 15 40 45.76 Transit Respectfully, &e., M. F. Marry. Ilon. William A. Graham, Secretary of the Navy. Nationa, Onservatory, June 26, 1851. Sir:—I have the pleasure to report an Ipheme- ris for the new planet Irene, computed by Mr. Fer- guson from the elements which I had the honor to communicate yesterday. This asteroid has nearly the brilliancy of a star of the ninth magnitude, and it has probably the largest erbit of any of this most numerous family, except Hygeia. Subjoiied is the Ephemeris, which will enable observers to find the stranger, without difficulty, until August next. Respectfully, &e , M. F. Mavry, Liew. U.S. N. Hon. Wintiam A. Granam, Secretary of the Navy, Washington. Ernemenis or Inene, Comrutep rrom ExeMents ny J. Fes@eson, Nationa, Onsenvatory, 1951. « 0 i4 h. 5 0.17216 0.18358 oo 18 09 Su —6 23% 0.19533 22 2 04 32 34 36 43 #0 16 5 35 6 —6 6 Ww 0.20734 3611 ol 44 36 27 57 31 36 46 17 08 20 5 37 06 — 17 09 10 0.21966 37 26 14 58 . 3749 20 46 20 « 3813 26 35 2 153839) — 17 32 36 0.23187 22 » 8906 38 28 23. 39 35 44 30 24. 0 05 5 33 25 5 40 87 — 17 56% 0.2016 26. 21:10 18 02 39 27. 4145 842 28. - 4222 14 16 2. -15 4 00 — 18 2 00 0 25655 30. 43 39 26 54 ol. Ww 32 58 Aug ol 89 02 2. 15 — 18 4 06 0.26805 Tne Raetanp Winn Case at Ricumoxp, Va.— ‘The famous Ragland will case, which has been so long fendicg in the Circuit Court at Richmond, Va., bas been decided by a verdict sustaining the will, Mr. Ragland was a citizen of Louisa county, and by his last will liberated his slaves, some sixty | or seventy in number, and bequeathed w them the | whole of his large estate. The relatives contested INTERESTING CORRESPONDENCE. Our Washington Correspondence. Wasuinaron, June 27, 1851. Visit to Mr. Buchanan's Seat of * Wheatland” — The Splendid Cowntry rownd about—Another View of the Nummation of Scott-~Triumphal Progress of the President and Secretary of State in Virginia. Before leaving the fine old county of Lancaster, your correspondent accepted the kind invitation of Hen. James Buchanan, and spent a night at “Wheatland,” his country seat. It is situated a mile and a half west of the city, and in the midst of one of the most beautiful and productive landscapes in the Union. On every hand, stretching over the hills and along the vaHeys, for miles in every direc- tion, were the superb wheatfields, golden shining with their rich and teeming harvesta, undulating in the gentle winds—the luxuriant, glowing waves chasing each other over the fieids, as the swells of the ocean roll before the sushine. ‘* Wheatland” most decidedly it was; and the land, as the far. mers say, “lays so pretty”—it is so charmingly diversified with hill and valley, and woods, and green fields, and yellow fields, and fields all red, and sweet as jessamines, with the flowing clover; and fine luxuriant trees dispersed here and there, singly or in clusters, relieving the smoothness of the pic- ture, all over, and causing it to stand out in finer perepective. «Town and country, home and farm, Each give each a double charm.” From the portico on either side of Mr. Buchanan’s mansion, such is the scene—beautiful, rich, and teeming with bread—bread for thousands; and closing the flocks of white fleeced sheep, and the lusty horses, and the fat ‘ cattle Ler a thousand hills.” Happy and substantial old chaps, these same sturdy yeomanry of the county of Lancaster. Rosy and happy, the buxom daughters of these old German patriarchs. Mr. Buchanan’s homestead isin the midst of ali this—upon an elevation, gentle, yet commanding a wide range of Coens ‘he place was purchased of Wm. i. Moretita a i” his seasrel aeaink ton to tal ree ofthe treasury. But a deserip tion of eR atrous yet commodious, taste- ful and hospitable home, beyond, our present limits of time or space. We ied a pleasant eve- ning in conversation with, Mr. Buchanan and a number of whig hae, eg who had called out to pay their. ots. They returned. to town; bu we were awakened from a.pleasant sleep -by such a chorus of birds. in the grove in the front of the house, as was never heard in John street. Cuckoos, thrushes, larks, robias, black-birds, blue birds, were all there in a id morning coneert. And from the wheat fields came the repeated oy of “Bob, Bob White,” ‘* Wheat’s ripe,” and at intervals as passing over, there was the familiar voice of— * The cld field crow, The Diguest thief I know.”” The fact is, Mr. Buchanan is as nicely fixed at home, with that amiable and beautiful niece, the empress of the establishment, as if he had de- liberately retired to the shades of pick life ; and we are glad to say that he is in most excellent health and spirits for an old bachelor. prosperity attend him. The organs here are silent about that Lancaster nomination of Scott. We have heard, however, another view of its probable effect, which sooms to have a considerable coloring of plausibility. It is, that this movement will concentrate the whige of the North upon Scott, leaving the Southern States and the Southern Union party of th South, headed by Foote, Downs, Clemens, and Douglas, ‘Toombs, Cobb, and Stevens, to help themselves the best thoy can; that the national effect of this will be to throw the whole Presidential election into confu- sion; and that it will probably cast Gen. Scott into the House as the victim of inevitable defeat, if ever he ee thore as the free soil candidate. e progrees of Mr. Fillmore in southern Vir- ginia, and of Mr. Webster among the mountains of northern Virginia, appears to be tho progress of atriumphal march. It is quite evident that tho administration have forestalled Gen. Scott in Vir- ginia, as he has anticipated all hands in the State of Pennsylvania. Jobn ae shed briny tears— “Tears of heartfelt sorrow — when at Harrisburg, in 1810, Mr. Clay was set aside to make room for Gen. Harrison. And when, in 1848, Old Hal was superceded by Old Zack, it was enough “to make the angels weep,” let alone John Tyler. But what are we to think of this Lan- caster proceeding ? Scott nominated as the ** most deserving,” and not a word for Clay, the idol, the life and soul of the Whig party for thirty years ! Ob, black ingratitude of shufing gamblers for the spoils, what a dirty business is this—what a low, contemptible game, the game of using Scott asa decoy-duek for Gov. Johnston. But we shall have lame ducks enough before this business is over. Let us watch like good shepherds that the sheop o not astray, and Pray out cearing for this thrice consecrated and glorious Union. Health and Wasuinaron, June 27, 1851. The Military Court Martial--Appearance of the Cowt—The Future Presidents— Gen. Twiggs and the Newspapers. The proceedings of the court martial on General Talcott are scarcely sufficiently developed to form, as yet, any correct opinion as to the probable deci- sion of the court, further than that it is manifest that Gen. Talcott will be acquitted of the graver charges of falsehood, &c.; and if found guilty, it will only be for following a precedent which has prevailed for years in the ordnance bureau, of giv- ing “@rders” without submitting them for the ap- proval of the Secretary. The court, composed as it is of the highest offi- cers of our army, presents a dignified and imposing appearance; and the spectator, on looking at the gentlemen, cannot help turning over in his mind the inquiry as to how many of them will yet be oc- cupants of the White House. We are essentially a military people; in fact, it may be said that we are, as anation, decidedly pugnacious; and Cod knows how many swords are yet destined to carve their way into the Presidential ebair, upon the strength of this our national weakness. There sits, tor instance, Gen. Wool, a shrewd, intelli- gent looking man, who, if he never run Ifefor will probably be called upon to display his agility in this reepect mext year. If the whigs take Major General Scott, the democrats will be forced to take Brevet jor General ool. (As for bogus generals, like | Cass, they are out of the question.) And tho free and enlightened, the independent and incorruptible people, will be called upon to say whether they consider brevet rank as equal to lineal ditto. Then there is Gen- eral Smith, a remarkably handsome old gentioman —no, not “old,” we beg his pardon—and ifhe is nominated by the Southern democrats, he is sure of the votes of the ladies, at all events. As for the Judge Advocate, Major Lee, if he does not cut the epaulets, and eventually become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, he wili be doing a violence to nature, which will grievously disappoint those who have marked his aptitude for legal subtleties. Gen. ‘Twiggs, on the first day of the trial, express- ed his determination not to permit newspapers to be read during the sittings. Lach member was to at- tendto what was going on within the room, and let the world without wag onasitmight. Wethought, whon we looked at General Twiggs, that Lavateur was sadly at fault, if the gallant Prosideat of the court was not himself the first to feel that thie was arash move. Accordingly, we were not surprised at his sudden illness yesterday. Lora of food— mental food--was evidently prostrating him. T! morning, the court sat patient'y till ong 0% Gen. Twiggs casting sundry longing glas some newspapers in the hands of the spe At length he could stand it no longer. Pullin, cout his wateh, be declared it was one o'clock, ond the court would take a recess of ten minutes. As if a load of care was removed from his mind, he seized acopy of the New York Herald, and in the light ing upof his countenance might readily be traced the eflecta of the refr ng and invigorating draught which he drew from its columns. Gen. Twiggs is a man of sense; his conduct to-day proves it; and whoever may be the candidate for the Presidency, he is our choice, at all events— subject, of course, to the decision of a national convention. Our Baltimore Correspondence. Bacrimone, June 28, 1951, Amos Green again Reprieved—The O' Brien Petition. The anticipated riot and lynching at Lilicott's Mills, yesterday, of the negro Amos Green, under sentence of death for rape, on account of a sesond respite from the Governor, was avoided by an order being sent to the sheriff to bring the prisoner on to Baltimore on Thursday night. Had he have re- mained yesterday, he would have been hung beyond adoubt. The negro protests his innocense of the crime, and alleges frequent intercourse with the woman, as to whose character the most contradic- tory statements are made. The Governor is now engaged in listening to the aie one on which a commutation of the punishment ie asked to impri- sonment for life, and will make his decision on Mon- day. The impression is that the commutation will be refueed. A petition is in circulation here, which it is ox- pected will have 20,000 signers, to the President of the United Srates, praying that all the influence of the government may be exerted Wow British "Bri wee fay it bag been sustained by the devision * ae in behalf of William 8. be liberated jis com sin oxile, that they m ‘aud allgwed to couse to this county. Our Florida Correspondence. East Fioriwa, June 5, 1851. Arrest of Three Indians for Murder—Their Swicide tm Prison, §c., §c. Allow me to call the attention of your readers to the tragical death of three Seminole Indians, whose sad fate must excite the sympathy of even their bitterest enemies. About a year since, a little boy, living some fifty miles northeast of Tampa, was sent on an errand to a neighbor’s. Not returning at the proper time, search was made for him, but without success. ‘Toward evening, however, the horse. he rode off returned, with one of the little fellow’s suspenders plaited in his foretop. This at once directed suspicion towards the Indians, as their signs had been seen in that vicinity for some time. The whole matter remained a perfect mystery until, a few months since, Captain Casey, in his intercourse with the Indians at Fort Myers, and es a thorough knowledge of their character, found the boy had been murdered by three Indians be- longing to the band of outsiders. 1 believe he im- mediately made a formal demand for the mar- derers to Billy Bowlegs; the result of which was, three Indians, accused of the crime by the chief of their band, were secured at Fort Myers, and sent to Tampa, to be delivered up to the civil authori- ties at that place. Ata ee liminary examination, they forced upon all who listened to it the convic- tion of their innocence. They were remanded to jail, to await their trial this fall. Whilst there, they made an attempt to escape; but, being do- tected in it, and feeling there was no hope of re aining their freedom, they determined to hasten their departure for the beautiful hunting grounds of their Great Father. Accordingly, on the 23d ult., they hung themselves in the jail, having blacked ‘their faces, and neatly arranged their dress. From the position in which they were found, the youngest of the party must have as- sisted the other two, the eldest of whom was his father, then placing himself between his two com- panions, he consummated this triple suicido. When first discovered in this position, there is hardly @ doubt but the two young men could have been resuscitated, bad medical assistance been called in. Unfortunately for the poor Indians, they fulfilled the wishes of a Christian community, who were determined no; to interfere with 30 marked a providence. To render the sacrifice doubly sure, the jail door was closed upon tho sus- pene bodies until it was certain life was extinct. have nosentimental sympathy for the indian, yes { feel @ perfect abhorrence for an act so ontirely unworthy a civilized people. Justice. Our Cleveland Correspondence. CieveLanp, June 12, 1851. Cleveland—Railroads— Plank “Roads— Commerce— Water Cure Establishment—Cemetery— Universi- ty Heights—Public Schools— Musical Halls, §c. In closing my last communication, I was speak- ing of the additional facilities which Cleveland en- joyed in her means of intercourse with other por- tions of this and surrounding States. A very im- portant improvement was completed last winter, connecting her with Columbus and Cincinnati, known as the Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati Railzoad. The work was finished previous to the 22d of February, and the event was duly noticed and celebrated on thatday. You will recollect that the congregated wisdom of the State made us a visit on that occasion. This line of railroad, con- necting Lake Erie with the Ohio river, and running directly through the centre and heart of the State, is as important to Cleveland as the New York and Erie Railroad is to the great commercial metropo- lis of the Union. Its Ran eg formed a new era in its onward progress; and she is now reaping the rich rewards of the enterprise. It is fast becoming the popular thoroughfare ketween the great valley of the Mississippi and the Atlantic seaboard. Pas- sengers can take the cars at Cincinnati. in the morning, dine at Columbus, and arrive at Cleve- land in time for the evening boats for Dunkirk, where they arrive in about nine hours, and in seventeen more, they are in New York, without loss of sleep. This is certainly a go-a-head age, and a go-a-bead route. It beats the Sandusky route sowe twelve hours, and all others, especial the Ohioriver route, two to one. This is evidence by the great increase of travel over the same. It is no unusual pein hg tee three hundred passengers pass over the road by onetrain. ‘The freigh*trains are all the i Thirty-eight cars have passed over it at one t1 ‘The travel over the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad is also great. In the first ten weeks of the busine hough the distance is only some forty miles, thers passed over the road thirteen thousand two hundred and sixty passengers, and the receipts for freight were some $7,000. Not a bad beginning this. The work on the unfiniehed portions of the road is rapidly ad- vancing towards completion. It will probably be finished in the course of another year, when we will be brought in close proximity to Pitts- burgh, Baltimore, and Philadelphia. ‘I’his will be a favorite route early in the spring, when the lower ortion of the lake is blockaded with ice. The uake Shore Railroad, however, which is being vi- gorowsly [aby moors to completion, may obviate this ifficulty by furnishing a communication by which York can be reached at all times and all sea- Thirty miles of this road, between this and sville, will probably be finished by autumn. The commerce of Cleveland, which is now to be greatly augmented by these improvements, amount- ed, heretotore, to some $10,000,000 annually. This trade she bas derived mainly from the Ohio Canal, which terminates here, and from her eligible loca- tion onthe lake. The favorable cireumstances by which she has been surrounded, has made Cleve- land the great commercial depot of Northern Ohio. Her increasing trade with the Canadas, through the Welland Canal, has been another clement in her prosperity. Her facilities now betng greatly increased, she must hereafter take rank with the important commercial cities of the country. here are several daily lines of steamboats in operation—one between this oy. and Dunkirk ; one between this city and Buffalo; ono bet ween New this and Detroit; one between this and Toledo and Sandusky, and another betwaen this and Lake Superior, in addition to the upper lake boats. ‘Thi gives us a boat about every fifteen minutes during the day. Manufacturing, although in its infansy, is carried on to some extent. Most of the engines for these boats are turned out at the Cuyahoga steam furnace, and commend themselves to the favorable considera- tion ofthe public. ‘This establishment is also largely engaged in the manufacture of locomotives for the different railroads centering here. The eight or ten manufactured for the Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati Company, are of superior work: manship, and perform admirably. The passenger cars are also manufactured here, and everything else connected with the complete equipment of the road. Other establishments are being built for the manufacture of cars for the Pittsburgh and other roads. ‘Time will not allow me to go into many particul: in relation to manufactarin, I will mention, however, that there are two fi e fiouring mills located bere; one is propelled by steam, and the other by the surplus water of the nd both of theee are doing « fine business. tion is by no means neglected. ‘I'he public of the ¢ which are numerous, are under the most efficient control and management. The teachers of the senior department, especially, are ly men of liberal and classical education, and are thoroughly qualified for the duties of their pro- fession. ‘The schools are well ee and under the most rigid discipline. The state of ad vaneement which the pupils have attained, as ex- hibited at the annual examinations, be trong testimony to the faithfulness of the teachers. The school edifices are of brick, and some of them three stories high. That recently erected on St. Clair street, is an ornament to the city. There is none superior to it in the State. When scholars are sufficiently advanced, —_ are placed in the high sehool, where they are instructed in the several branches of natural science. University Heights is the name of a new instivution which bas just gone into operation, under the res! it Mahan. A most beautiful site has been selected on the opposite side of the river, on an elevation commanding view of the city, harbor, lake, &c. The trast embraces some two hundred acres of land, which is to be laid out into lots, and sold, with the view of aiding the institution. A female seminary is to be connected with the seminary. In addition to these seminaries of learning, there are others in existence ofa high order. Among the number, I might mention that of Mr. Hosmer. His female seminery is located on Euclid street. The services of eminent professors, in every department of learn- ing usually taught in the higher order of schools, have been sccured in this; and the liberal manner in which it has been sustained, is the most gratify- ing evidence of the high appreciation in which it is id by the community. Of musical halls Cleveland has quite a number. The Melodeon and a have heret fore been the favorite resorts for all kinds of exhibitions. Mr. Trad Kelly has lately added another to the number, which, in dimensions, surpasses the whole. It is fifty-two by one hundred feet, and to the centre oir- cle fanlight is thirty-two feet high. It is, with one exception, said to be the largest hall west of New York. The Swedish Nightingale will probably oo- cupy it, should rhe conclude to make usa visit. It will accommodate some two thoneand persons. The Rural Cemetery is an object of much interest to citizens and strangers. The character of a people is enid to be known by the care which is taken of the last resting place of the departed. By this rule, Cleveland is willing to be ’ oma boast fu Stowat” Ausacs, Laaga fi, or Greenwood, still the consesrat gives ovi- dence of care, watchfuloess, and attach- ment te the memories of those who have L. that bourn from which no traveller bas ; The grounds are well laid out, and the walks beautifully adorned and embelli almost every species of flowering tree or shrub. Plank roads, which answer & valuable purpose im wet weather, diverge in almost pa direction i Lit from the city, and eatly facilitate the travel communication with the samee Eli, is a beautiful town, of some 2,500 in- habitants, lying twenty-five miles west of us; Painesville, a flourishing . of some in- habitants, thirty miles east of us; Hudson, the seat of the Western Reserve College, some twenty-five miles south; and Kavenna, a smart, Grorring Places forty miles in the same direction. th of these latter y are on the line of the Lp ye Rail- road. A branch of this road, diverging at \d running through the manufacturing town falls, to Akron, on the Ohio Ci i Both slap geceiion water must become important manufacti Sueh is likely to be the case with Ch me twenty miles southeast of this city. It is already a place of some note. Creveanp, Juno 13, 1851. Distinguished Strangers in Town—Senator Chase and Judge Spaulding on the Stump—The New Constitution, §c., &e. ‘ The past week, in many respects, has been an eventtul one. The votaries of Terpsichore, of Thespis, of Orpheus, of Mesmer, of spiritu- alism, &c., have all had their day, and a right merry time they have had of it. Miss Julia Dean, the charming actress, has been fulfilling an engagement at the new theatre on Centre street, and drawing full houses. The old theatre, on Wa- ter street, it will be recollected, was consumed by fire about a year since. The new one was com- pleted this spring. and is now in the suceesstul tide of experiment. ‘I'hus far, it has been well sustained. Jamison, of Consuelo notoriety, has been here, and has, on one or two oce: ted Miss Julia in her performances. Mi arlotte Cushman, the distinguished actress, makes her first appearance to-nig] pster, the eelebrated vocalist, is to be is vie Mr. here this week. Professor Palmer, a phrenologist, commences » course of lectures this evening, at the Empire Hall, on phreno-magnetisin. rs. Fish, the spiritual medium, has been in town seme days, ping at the Dunham. Her sittings with the spirits have been well attended. Here, as well as everywhere else, there is a firm believer, and many a doubting Thomas retty Margaretta, as Burr calls ber, and ber sister, fave since arrived. So} suppose our good citizens are to be highly favored with intelligence from the other world. If not, it will not be tor the want of a full corps of rappers. Professor Tiffany, # man of some talents and era dition, has been holding forth at the Prospect street. ehurch Cig padre to crowded houses, the spiritual theory, every Sunday afternoon, for two or three months past. So you will perceive that the public mind, in this quarter, is pretty well red for these demonstrations. When Bisun Burr and ‘*Brother Heman” came on here a short time since to expose the rs, the rofessor was fully cocked and primed to **skin the [earned Chauncy alive.” He was forthworth chal- lenged, not exactly to mortal combat, but to a war of words. This, in the first instance, was not very promp' met, but was finally acce; |. The pre- inaries being arranged, such as the appointment of moderators, &c., the conflict commenced. “When Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war,” and so it was in this case. It was a pretty hand- ranade skirmish, in which they discharged their Catteries with much skill and dexterity, and which afforded much amusement to the audience. It lasted three days, and terminated, as all such con- troversies terminate, without any practical results. Those who were sceptical before, became still more #0; and those who were believers, remained un changed. The Burrs have since been in Pitts- burgh, and more recently in Wheeling, Va. A woman’s rights convention was held recently at Akron, some thirty miles distant from here. Many distinguished women were present, and among the number were Mrs. Frances D. Seas who acted as presidentess; Mrs. Celia C. Burr, L. A. Hine, Mrs. Mary A W. Johnson, Mrs. Swisa- helm, the distinguished editress of the Family Visiter, the eloquent Mrs. Coe, &c, &c. Mrs. Swisshelm, as usual, was a Sram Mrs. Coe, who has for some time been electrifying the good people of Obio by her burning eloquence on the rights of woman, secking reform of the many alleged grievances of her sex, distin- guished herself as usual. She is a beautiful speak- er, and aimed some well-directed blows at the sta- tutes of Ohio, which impose disabilities upon the ebay portion of ceration. What the result of this movement will be time will determine. Per- haps they are to be restored to all the privileges of the sterner sex, such as performing military duty, working on the roads, ee in the turbid pool of politics, and performing all and singular duties assigned to the lords of creation, while the men are to be transferred to other fields of labor, thus made vacant, such as washing dishes, tending ba- bies, &e., &e. Really, this is an age of reform. The Hutchinsons were present, and eulivened the scene with their songs. Senator Chase, and Judge Spaul ting of the Su- preme Court of this State, both of whom derive importance by a balance of power election by the Legislature, have taken the stump, aod have thus early opened the political campaign. They have just returned from Toledo, where they have been attending a mass convention of the poople of the northwestern couaties. They were originally de- mocrats, but, by turning to free soil, have lost caste with tke simon pures. They do not, however, be long to the Garrison stamp of abolitionists, but te the Seward higher law party. They recently spoke here. lwas present most of the time. The sub- ject of the Judge was principally the consideration of the new constitution, which is to be submitted to a vote of the Pe of this State, on the 17th of June. What he had to say on this subject was all well enough ; but his remarks upon the Fugitive 1 ere ill-timed and very much out of place, they did, from a high judicial officer. He P ced the law to be unconstitutional, and re- marked that be should like to have se under it brought before him on a writ of habeas corpus, and he would discharge the subject with’a great deal of satisfaction. 1 do not know how you may view the matter, but it seems to me that this extra judicial roy of pronouncing an opinion on a law of ihe land is uncalled for, and in exceedingly bad taste; but perhaps not more so than for a ju of high stand- ing to enter the arena of politics, as a gladiator, contesting for power and suprem ‘There ssoms to be quite an advent of abolition spirits here at this time, for what purpose time must determine. Spaulding, Chase, Vought, Geddings, Bradburn, and, last not least, the celebrated George Thomp- son, it is said, has arrived here. The new constitution, of which I have spoken, al- though not as perfect an instrument as could be de- sired, is far in advance of that which it proposes te supersede. Jn many of its provisions it is liberal, and in others it is stringent. It is death on corpora- tions and all exclusive privileges. It gives to the people, however, the right to elect their own offi- cers, even inthe judiciary department. This, I think, is a decidedimprovement. ‘This feature will take much power out of the hands of the Legisla- ture, which, in toomany instances, has been s abused ; but that which forbids a loan of the credit of the State to works of internal improvement, it is thought, will retard the progress of railroads, in whieh our citizens are pretty extensively embarked. I think, however, all things considered, the consti- tution will be adopted. An amusing slave case occurred hore tho other day. A Miss Miner, of Louisiana, with a slave, ao companied by her unole, st»pped at the New Eng- land. She was cited to appear before yy At kins, to show cause why she restrained the liberty of Mary. The lady did not appear, but said that the girl was at liberty to go where she pleased.— The oe declared free, but s! upor going with her mistress, much to the annoyance of © sympathizers, composed of abolitionists and ne- goes, who had assembled to rescue her. The con juct of the Judge is much censured. h as they were about taking their departure on board of steamboat i ning, a gang of negroes sought to interfere, but they were intimidated by the po- ice. A pleat party from Canada came over tho other day in the steamboat Wave, ry of some thirty-eight persons. They dined at tho Wed- dell, and spent most of the day in visiting places in and about the city. In the evening they re-embark- ed for their homes over the uch with their visit. This is not t! we have been honored in a similar way by the subjects of her Majesty's dominions. Crime 1n Bose Tt appears, from an official statement just published, that during the last six months there were 2,344 criminals committed to the Leveret street jail, in Boston. There were eleven its for adultery, thirteen for smoking in 5 for throwing snowballs, and eleven ing newspapers in the street Nineteen is are described as “common fiddlers.” Im addition to these, there were three hundred and twenty poor debtors confined in the Boston jail dur- ing six months. Princeton Cou.rer Commencrment.— The 104th anniversary commencement of Princeton ae took place on the 25th inst. The oration ze not y Hon. Mr. Man gs Caro- ina. honorary Lge of L. . was com ferred on Hon. A J, Lumpkin, of Georgia. Ta the evening, a was given juuong the gannagery of whee was Cony Svein. ts