The New York Herald Newspaper, June 17, 1851, Page 3

ORIGINAL ARTICLES. the Independent of the Westminster Assembly snd experience. When he saw young men of his with boiler, whish will be ready Affairs at the State Copital. cotton weavers. Thore is one thing that retards - rag om eg te DOE, | tease te cre cme ee ined | As also duplicste work for the steamers Isabe! Ne ter Tit choaten ae fee a oth ys he il i pound e ‘The Presbyterian Church in the United form of democracy ; the other's was the samo thing, | for Sisidees’ Ga thle ealgoes and San Fly, ofthe Inland of Cubs. : Atsany, June 18, 1851. Rie ig em gy yi = States—Ite History, Character, and Prin- | under tho form of constitutional representation. | the cholera breaks out amongst us tri are ‘two pressure | 4 Nominal Speaker—Determination of the arrogan One of them recently refused very handsome clptes. Also, thatthe Pilgrim fathers, afte tasting the are passed, and the streets are boarded up: boi very , intended to dri new and Woolleys not to endorse the National Administra | for the site of an iron foundry, even two miles "The Presbyterian church—which is ono of the Splatt of Brest i) Sea and Seaerat 7) { Se dterenes sured a ry wed a for James Gordon a Eon of the New Yok tion— Telegraphic Legislation—Hlon. Caleb Lyon | en ld bee oie ta oe bp pny largest in the United States—had its origin amongst | Hence their institutions, from the very fest, took a | shop, no Volos in ceived Si Herald, : The Senate—Her Contested Seats, &c.. §¢. | mothing in the boginaing "tn cde to heres eee us from the Scotch and Irish branches of the Pres- Presbyterian form. Presbyterianism naturally those deaths are all Bross The bark Lyra, which sailed a fow days since Altheugh Mr. Varnum occupies the position of lation, and to encourage’ buildi There appears byterian family of the Reformation, and was in- tends to republicanism. Knox, the founder of the | Brother Davis then retired, and Brother Lloyd | for Havana, had on board two low pressure boilers, a trodused by European emigrants about the close of | ‘the seventeenth century. As early as the year 1706, « Presbytery was formed by the Kev. Mr. M’Kennie and six other ers; and in that of “seeds of things,” Congregutionalists joined with them, on such a footing as to be represented in Presbytery, which, however, turned out to be inexpedient. ‘The first four years of the Presbytery, they did but little, but were so increased by e migrations from Europe, that in 1716 they were able to form the Synod of Philadelphia, with four Presbyteries under its judicature. For the next thirty years, they increased with still greater rapidity, exerted a felt influence on the opinions and principles of the colonists, and lent a forming hand to our then plastic institutions, which time has consolidated and made stable. But more of this in its place. There had been from the beginning a difference of views and feelings amongst both the clerical and lay members, on subjects of doctrine and dis- cipline. The Scotch, who wore extremely tena- cious of the strict and rigid forms of the kirk, showed a disposition to graf; these on the new or- ganization, while the Irish and New Huglanders Were more lax and liberal. In fact, there were three elements in the church—the orthodox Seotca Presbyterian, with bis national rigidity and adhe- siveness; the British Puritan (now the New Eng- land Presbyterian), looking with groat bene or forms and ecclesiastical standards, and the spark ling and witty Irishman, ever willing to tread new path, provided it seemed equally saie. An these differences were inhereut in its very being for the church was not formed by mis:ionarics and conversions on the spot, but was composed of « detritus brought over to the western continent from sections of I.arope, where the ¢ircumstances that gave moulding and character to the social system were wholiy different. Difference led to a division ; and, in 1745, a new synod was formed, which was called the Synod of New York. But after fieon years’ experience of the comfortable effects of dis- ‘union, the two bodies united again, under tae naue of the Synod of New York and Philadel; hia motto then was, * 2 pluribus wium;” and such at Jength was the popularity of the churva, that it might have become the ecclesiastical establishinent of the colony; and it has been suid that over- tures were made to that effec! In 1788, the body were sulliciently strong vo form a General Assembly, af er the manner of their pro- tety, in Europe, —the arbiter of al! questions, and the Highest court known to their organizatioa But in 1501, they appearto have made a false stop. (Churches step wrong, as well asinen ) They fo med aplan of union with the Coayregatioualists, by which a people of the latter persuasion choosing 4 Presbyterian minister, might still couduct their affairs on Congregational principle: ; aud sv, vive 2ursa, with the privilege of appeal to a court of vither body. The union was unnatural ; but it contin for thirty years, and it is suid by some to | been attended with the very best of consequ to the Presbyterians; but it turns out to have bow just the contrary, and they were very glad to got rid of it, A memorial to that effect was presented to the General Assembly of 1535; and the comai tee who reported upon it vecommoaded that the Congregationalists consent thut the union be aa- nuiled. In the General Assembly of 1337, the mat. ter was again brought forward uni submisted to a commitice, in which Drs Witherspoon, Aloxander, aud Bemaa took a part, and a resolution recow- mended and finally adopted, tha: the plan of union of 180] was an unconstitutional act on the part of that Assembly, and equally so on the part of the association (Congregational), who had nothing to de with churches not within their limits ; and that, 5 much confusion had arisen, the same was thereby abrogated. The reasons of this process are given more at length in the pastoral letver and circular of the Assembly of that year. They conwnded that it had been a great cause of tho dissensions that distracted the church; that pastorates formed un- der said act were indoctrinated as much on the Con- gregational as the Presbyterian plan ; that raising up Presbyteries and synods outof men who had as ‘much of the Congregational as the Presbyterian element, wasinexpedient. They affirmed that their -ductrine and order had been subverted, aad errors introduced on first principles—at first. ax mere ver- bal differences, but afterwards as important im provements on the old creed of the charch ; aa ‘that they had applied the proper remedy {t so happened, unfortunately for the Assembly, that the remedy was applied too late Cutting otf ithe limb was not sufficient ; the poisoa had beon circulated through the system. A new thology had started up, and was openly proclaimed in the burch, by wi are called the*New School di- ‘Vines, to such extent, that one-half the body were afiected by it—the main point of which was the suf- ciency of human ity, ia matters of religion, the same point for which Eek and the Jatholws con- tended against the Reformers. On this poiat, Ur Duffield and Mr. Barnes were active, agreeing pretty much with Mr. f y, Who taught tha it ever aman had anew heart he inust tauke it Gin- self. Other questions were agitated, m which Dra. Beman and Cox, figured some ; in short, all the five poists of Calvinism, or rather of Augustiniaois, impugned. win IO, ir. Barnes, the living embodiment of (he new school element, was called to the First Presby- terian chureb, of Philadelphia, waen objectivas were raised against his orthodoxy, aad opposition to his settlement. These not succeeding, au appeal was taken to the Synod, and carriedup to the Ge- neral Assembly, which, showing &@ disposition to dodge the question, specific charges were brought against Mr Barnes tor heresy, which made trotl intispensable. He was acquitted by the Presbytery, susperdid by the Synod, and restored by the Cie neral Assembly, whieh, alone, would show that a was at hand. ut there were other thiags at i winding up to the same result. The or- anization and operations of the so-called American Frome Missionary Society, and the Aawrisan be cation Society, in contra-distinction from the ¢ neral Assembly's Board of Missious aod Board of Education, were pronounced to be injurious (0 the church interests, andcut off ‘The synods of Utica Geneva, and Genesee (formed under tho plan of ») as, also, that of the Western Keserve, in which bodies the alleged disorders prevailed uost, containing five huadred ministers and sixty thousand members, were declared out of union with the church. So fearfully did these surgeons we the knife. The nature of these dis- orders is described in rather carioas terins, bat the main item is & less spirit of radicalism, which had dsiven to extreme favaticisin the cuse of re- vivals, of temperance, ai crowded their churches with bee zealots aud unboly members, with other things of a like kiad. But the act of 1837 was not an excommunicating act. Itexcommunicated none. It merely disown d certain synods unecnstitutionally organized, while it gave them directions as to the way of entering the church on right principles. Nor was this act the cause of the secession that followed ; for those causes had long been in existence. eu differed in clesiastical policy and ine Tae seceders were alienated in their affec The tie that bound them to the then existing church was uot that of the heart Accordingly, in the Assembly of 1435, while the proper officer: minority organized too, called themvelves the General Assembly, and held their session in anothe place, so that there were two General Assemblic sitting at the same time ; and it beeame a matter of some importance to know to whieh the chureh pro perty belonged. “ae New Sehool Assembly com wienoed a uit in the civil courts of aney Lvania andobtained « verdict. An appeal was taken, « the Superior Court granted leave for a new trial; but the Chief Justice having alrea adv opinions adverse to the claim: of the New Seh atty, the subject was dropped; aud since thea tuere as heen greater peace The doctrines of the Presbyterian ehureh are Calvinistic. Her worship and government are weil known. We now proceed to inquire wast vas been nee of this large and important chara in ning the public mind, and giv th ant tone to our political institatt it git with it, from ite first importation, the + whieh our government is founded, nu ni " spubli ' we very principles it ‘ racy, are promine I Certainly,” says the Low W he moet remarkable and rings « q the constitution of the Vr bear such a close and strikin political constitution of our country wu considers the ed f it, it must be remarkab Confederntion and republicanism are t tial principles of the Amertvan goverun asses are nos allowed to ol be t, dyes, and many other fliers ory" are seen in the Presbyterian « I a0 power is vested in the pool aly to : cised by their repr ntives wre " government a# this—the people pov g thew selves, under their own cons itu and by repre sentatives of their own ion heme, or Britain ; and the pri s Woro brought hare in the shape Of ecclesiastical orgnnizaion. Th. vut line exivted inthe standards of tho Moglish Puri- tans, who wero originally Presbyterians, and the brought it here. sb were Congregationalists, let it be remem! y d the rigais of maa, and , ere organizing the meeting, the , | disappointed them, as did several other speakers Should it be said tae Pilgrime | ered thst | pirgu! yn—Hl o Presbyterian church of Scotland, was a great ad- mirer of She polity of republics ; and Sir H. Vane, one of the Westminster Assembly, while he was | Governor in New England, furthered the same ob- Ject; and the constitution he drew up contained, | according to the analysit of Lord Brougham, the elementary principles of the government of the United States. Carlisle seems to understand the | thing when he tells us, ‘ Protestantism was a re- volt against spiritual sovereignties ; Presbyterian. | ism carried out that revolt against earthly sove- reignties und despotisms.” From this nursery, at all events, was taken the tree of the American re- public, which now waves its branches over thirty-one States, and five Territories where Stutes are grow- ing. It is notintended, by these remarks, to intimate | that other sects were not acsive—ouly that this took the first steps towards a union of interests aad ef- forts—had most to do with forming the public sen- timent—that a Presbyterian loyalist was a thin, upbeard of. ** And after the conflict was over,’ says Mr. Judkin, ‘and the sages of America came to se:tle the forma of our government, they did but copy into every constitution the simple elements of representative republicanism, as found in the Pres- byteriun system.” he influence of this church in forming the pub- lie fecling and opinion, was such that many of the very expressions and sentiments used in the national Leclaration of Independence, are said to have been the common property of the nation long before the war of the revolution; and yet it can be shown with a degree of evidence amounting to a moral certainty, that this was derived from models in the Presbyte rian church, whose prineipten had been silently working themselves into t) ceived. That Declaration itself was not the cause, but the effect; it was the bursting of the fountain, to which the trickling drops of feeling and streams of public opinion had been converged unseen, We know this celebrated document is attributed to the magic pen of Jefferson aud yet historians teil us he was no weiter. It is so similar to the two docla- rations of Mecklenburg) »N.C., of fifteen months before, and of which the late John Adams says the genuine sense of the American people was never so well expressed, that there are but two ways of ac counting for it—either that Mr. Jefferson had this as u model, or that there is some common source from which they were both derived, and that the writers of both had been to tuat fountain. Dr. “inith bas shown that there is such a source, and that both writers were acquainted with it; and that we are udebted for the spirit, sentiment, order of argument, and, to a considerable extent, the very language, of both'these declarations to the solemn league: is, and covexants entered into by the especially of the Scotch and Irish ’Pres- byterian churches. Their object was the sane— tO scenre union. They are similar in order. In both, there is first a general introduction; then, ui enumeration of grivvances protested again u declaration of indepeudence“and resistanse; ally, « Vow of mutual (devotion, fidelity, and crmiuation. This similarity is not to be ac- coon'ed for by accidental causes; and when we iooked over our Declaration aguin the other day, we thought it looked like a Scotchman and recog- nized the high cheek bones and stern featares of (hut gigantic raco. ‘The Meoklenbargh declara- tion, | xppears, was drawn up by Dr. Brevard, of Der Cr lrich descent, and familar with the stand- ards ii which the national religious covenants are embodied. The Hon. Gulian C. Verplank publicly traced sbe origin of our national Declaration of In- dependence te the national covenant of Scotland. And the people of Mecklenburgh, who were ahead of the whole State’ in the Revolution, were Presby- terian emigrants from Ireland. ‘Lue intiueuce of this church on the cause of edu- cation, has been considerable, not only in foundin, schools and colleges, throughout the whole spre: of their wide domaia, but carrying them out into eficreney. As in Seotland, she hus been the un- wearied promoter of the educational interests of the nation, and has no eighteen colleges, six theolo- gical seminaries, with multitudes of schools and academies all over the Union; a Board of Educ Gon, by which fifteen hundred young men have boon assisted in acquiring @ clerical education, and half the home missionaries, a greater proportion of t foreign mission and hundreds of settled mi- nisters have been introduced to their positions. With 1,500 winiste 512 churches, 192,000 com- 18, ‘ge apparatus of sohools, societies, and other agencies, she possesses immense facilities for the enlightenment of the public mind, whilst her foreign fields of influence are so extensive, aud her efficiency so vast, that it may be questioned whether any organization, but one, has a greater hold on the destinies of mankind. In India alone, one synod and three presbyteries are counceted with this chureh, ‘The genius of this church is not to creep along the sides of our rivers, or seek a perch aud dormi- tory im the stately palaces that spire up in our wenlthy cities, but to go out into the whole United States, every where, in fact, explaining her standards, and proselyting, to her opinions. She has a genius ior taking hold of passing events; for throwing an uifluence into the movements of the day; for taking @ part in the great questions of the age—wherever any thing is doing there you see Viesbyterian ministers. Aud her prosperity is, no doubt, # meaus of bringing fresh arrivals to our shores, from the rich lands of wretchedness found every where in the old world, where freedom is ny increasing our national census, by the conservative inslux of thrifty, good-exampled, aud hardy popu- i munica mony ag. she leaves it, without being able to tell us how to get rid of it. She kas had nothing to do with the tevered brain of abolitionism; the abject has been often brought up in her assemblieg bu. she has re- fused to take action, or to make slavo-hoiding & disqualification for church membership, A tew here and there, it is true, have transported themselves beyond the piteh of sober thought, on the existence of an evil of which they know not the remedy, any more than we do; but the church bas thought action inexpedient, and that the best way to cure the rotten part of any body is to attend to the atinoephere of things around it, and administer the proper remedies, as the patient can boar them. No doust there are differences of opinion between the Northern and Southern members on this, as also some other subjects; but the warfare is genorally in the periodicals, and not in the church. She yields to the laws of the State in which she lives, #0 long asthey are laws, not dodging the quescion but leaving the difficulty, which she cannot rectify, to time and other ban, In this reepect it is # curi- ous fact that the Preebyte tod Catholic shure! continent Temperance Festival. Last Friday evening, @ young men's tempe- rance festival was held at Tripler Ilall. The object of the festival was to extend the cause of tempe- rance, and to appropriate the proceeds to the build ing of a new hall for the Sons of Temperance. The meeting was thinly attended, and up to 9 o'clock there was no appearance of a commencement of the proceedings. About this time the audience gave evident signs of impatience, with the heels of their boots, ke. Mr. Lake then mounted the platform, and said the gentleman who was to preside had | and sincere friends. Brothers Austin and Lloyd, of Philadelphia, were present, and would doa part | of the honors of the evening. Brother Austin thon | came forwardand sung a temporance odo. brother Liovy was next introduced to the moet. ing, but he spoke in so low # tone that he was alto ge’ her insudible. We understood him to say that he belonged to that noble band, the Washingto- | men Brothers, and he was glad to see there wai so | many here to-night, that were willing to join that ciety. Te would advise atl here, aud particularly | the youth, to beware of alcohol, and not taste a drop of it. There were watortuns many of tac | preeept day, who were not ardent driakers, bat whet Were called dream drinkers; and it was well , known that trom dram drinking they became } veterate druokerds. This was the inevita ole o: 1 tall indalging ia the ase of epiritaons efelc auch a flowing of love this eve towards the young men of tie city, that he would all be © Daniels,” ‘that they file themselves with that devasing He was not diseonraged by tho pane ty re bere to night. It 4 00) & dead or fish that swam against the eit The dead tawny by the stream, bot it was th hi was cart! “i! at swam against it. They (the term i people) have many difficulties t+ contend inet, but iv is by energy and persever would overcome them, and this is the so: of Henry ¢ isp the greatest sta lived But wifortunately it is the women that and although they were debarreel fre hie, they were not debarred from raising agai ist this horrible practice, that has omwany of themselves toan untimely grave i ed thea to banish from their society all were froquenters of the ram shop, and to set t pple y temperance to their fathers, brothors, Loo bends ‘aid that although @byy bo hadeom. North and South, she bears a latent testi- | © minds of mon, unper- | again addressed the meetiag, but they dropped out one by one till the hall was completely empty. We did not observe that any one took the pledge. A Glance at the Machine and Eugine Shops— Progress of Steam Engine Bullding, Sc. We have recently instituted an inquiry as to tho extent of business carried on in this city in the above branch, and think the following account of the principal foundries, and the contracts entered into for the present year, cannot fail to be interest” ing to such of our readers as take pride in all evi- dences of the advancement of the mechani: arts, which add so much to our greatness and prospority, A few years since, the manufacturing of machiaory in this country was very trifling; indeod, it is but comparatively a short time since one of our cotem- poraries, in a long, labored, and selflaudatory pufling article, boasted to his subcribers and to the publics that he had imported from England a press capa- ble of throwing off 5,000 sheets per hour. But what do we witness at the present time? The press on which the Herald is printed is capable of throw- ing off 12,000 to 14,000 copies per hour! and by alter- ing it, 15,000 or 20,000 sheets per hour could be stricken off with equal ease. We might give othor evidences of the great stride which our people havo made in this branch of industry. We gave with pride and pleasure, a few years gince, an account 0 | the casting of the bed plate of Captain Marshall's ust the system of negro slavery; but there © introduced Brother Davts, from | steamship, the United States, (which veasel by the way caused some trouble to the late Galphin cabinet of General Taylor,) and to make which some thirty tons of fluid metal was used. This was, up to that time, the greatest feat of the kind por- formed in the United States, but, since then, bed plates of infinitely larger dimensions have been cast without creating any surprise. An idea of ou: pro- ress in this respect may be formed from tho fact that we have now upwards of 75,000 tons of steam- ships, whereas we had none at all, we may say, six years ago; and so large are some of them, that there are but four places in Great Britain Where a shaft could be furnished to the Col- ling steamship Atlantis. Our engine boiler makers have orders from all parts of the world, and have as much as they can possibly do to fill them and the home dei The truth is, that the energy and ability of our people have been such that they have not only con- structed steamships ‘unequalled by those of Eng- land or the world, but contracts have been entered into for the construction of many more, which no doubt will equal, if not excel all others. _ THE ALLAIRE WoRK Messrs. Secor & Breasted, proprictors of the Al- laire ks, are constructing a pair of large oseil- laving engines, with cylinders eighty-five inobes in diameter and nine feet stroke, with four large iron boilers, for the now steamship Louisiana, of Mesars. Howland & Aspinwall’s line. This veseel is 2,200 tous burthen, and is intended for the Pacific trade. It is expected she will be completed and launched, | with steam on, in about a week. Ler wheels will likewise be of iron. At the saae works, a marine beam eogine, with cylinders sixty-six inches in diameter and ten fect stroke, with two iron boilers, and wheels built in the best und strongest manner, are being made for the new steamship Williaun H. Brown, (the naime of the owner). She is 1,200 tons burthen, and will completed and launched in about a month. also destined for the Pacific trade. _ Two extra heavy marine beam engines, sixty inches in diameter and ten feet stroke, with four boilers, wronght iron wator wheels, shafts, &c., are also being made here for a large steamship building by Jeromiah Simonson, foot of ‘Twenty- street, East river, which is to be called the Northern. Light. She is 2,200 tons burthen, her th 250 £ b W foot, wad depth of hold 25 She was originally intended for the Nieara- gua route, but it is said she will most probably be transferred to a New York and Galway indepen- dent line. She will be completed in about three months. The same parties are also constructing engines for a Spanish house at Havana, with cylinders 42 inches in diameter and 7 feet stroke, with a cop- r boil another engine, with cylinders 40 inches in diameter and 8 feet stroke, with an iron boiler, for a tiver steamer; and an engine with cylinders 29 inches in diameter ani 7 feot stroke, for the Ouelda Leke aud River Steambont Com: ny; also « beam engine, with cylinders 44 inches in diameter and 11 feet stroke, with wrought iron shafts, for @ steamship for Captain Sandford, inten for the Philadelphia line (out- side), in connection with the steamers Kennobee Penobscot—beeidos & number of engines and for factories and mills. The engines of the U.S. mail steamships Pacific and Baltic (Collins’ line) were constructed at these works, as also those of the steamship Union (Messrs. Spolford & Tiles- ton’s line). The engineerin, Works is under th departmont of tho Allaire superintendence of Mr. T. F. Secor, well kno # ne of our moss sucessful and scientific engineers. The average number of men employed st these works is from six to seveu hun- dred, and the metal used from four to five thousand tong per annum. THE MORGAN WORKS. At the Morgan Iron Works, there are boing manu- factured, for the New York and Virginia Steamship Company, a pair of beam marine engines of 42 inches diameter of cylinder and 10 feet stroke of viston. The vessel is building by Westervelt & lackey, and is of about 1,100 tons burthon. The whole is under the superintendence of Capt. Wil- liam Skiddy, and will be cousploted about the first of August, when #he will commence running bo- tween New York and Richmond, Va. For Harris & Morgan, of New Orleans, they aro building engines for two vosasela, both being built by William Collyer. One of thom is of about 1,200 tons burthen, and will have » pair of engines of 42 burthen, and will have one engin meter of cylinder aud 11 feet stroke of piston. The vessels are both building, and will be fitted up under the im mediate ruperintendence of Capt. Jeremiah Smith, who will have command of the largest one whea completed, which will be in the course of the ensuing autumn, ‘They aro intended to run in connexion with the steamers lveston, Globe, Mexico, Louisiana, Portland, sud Yacht, between New ‘Orleans and different ports in Texas. With. this formidable fleet of tteamers in the Gulf, Messrs. Harris & Morgan will be able to xccommodate Texas and New Orlewns tolerably well They are also manufacturing, for Messrs. Jonos & Johnson, an engine of 60 inches diameter of oylin- der and 12 feet stroke, for a vessel building by ‘Thomas Collyer, about 1,500 tons burthen, to ply between New York and New Orleans. She is also tobe completed and commence ranning this fall Also, an engine for # vessel building by Mr. Wil- lian Collyer for himself, to ran on the Shrewsbury route, of ches diametor of cylind IL foot | stroke. ‘Thia boat is rapidly prog gg towards completion, and will be on her route, it’ is antici- pated, in time fur the peach ha t ‘They are also building an inclined engine, of 38 inches diameter of cylinder i % feet stroke, for ‘ilton Ferry Company. They are doing con- le einall work, each as sugar mill engines, engar tiMs, and co forth The Ohio, Philadetphia, and North Ame are undergoing repairs at this establishment. Tho avernge number of men employed amount to six hundred PIETY FOUNDRY. At tne Pheonix Foundry, 9 . Cunningham & Belknap, propria !0r, they are constructing an on gine for a steamboat (Jet yet named), to bo 295 foot long, 27) feet b ana o feet depth of hold, for Mr. Thomas Gi oylindors #2inches i diameter, and 12 f ec At the same foundry, two engines with cylinders in diameter and WM) feet etroke, for two steamships (to be celled the Gordon and Cathoun), each 500 tone burthen, 180 fect long, 28 boam, and 12 feet depth of hold, for Messrs. Brooks & Bar- den, of Savannah, Georgia, ‘Those ste umships are destined to run in the line between Savannah a Charleston Anengine with eylindors 28 in and feet stroke, for a about about burthen, 175 feet long, depth of hold, for Mr ington Another engine of the same size, for a steamer 15) foet long, 245 feet berm, sevon feot eight isclhes depth of held, now buildug by Mr. Thomas Coll yer, of this city, for the Washington and Alexan dria, Steambout Company; and two large boilers for the stenmer Senator, running between San Fran- civeo and Sacramento cities. This firm constructed the engines of the steamship Ll Dorado, one of the Chogtes line. They employ about two hundred men PULTON FOUNDRY. Mesers. Pease & Murphy, of the Fulton Foundry, are doing a large amount of work for the New Lon- don and Norwich Steamboat Company. In part, they are building for the steamboat reester one low pressure boiler, of tho cilewing dimensions and power :—I24 foot wide, 12) feet high, 34 foot long, will be about 400 horse power, and will weigh abut 60,000 pounda. For the propellor Jo Jan, of Havana, a pair of built by P. & M., intended for the steamship Ha- banero, including other machinery for said steamer, ‘They havejust completed the following work :— For an eastern house, six large high pressure boilers, forty horse power each. An engine fifteen horse power, with locomotive boiler, with shafting, &c., for Messrs. Hicks, Briggs & Titus, of this city. settle A beam engine, fifteen horse power, with boiler and appurtenances, for Geo. Mather’s ink factory of this city. A new sieam cylinder for the steamer Suffolk, aud have contracted for one forthe steamer Durand. ‘They are also repairing several steamboats and steamships, and overhauling several manufactories. They have purchased the right for the States of New York and New Jeresy for the manufacture of KR. Montgomery's patent corrugated iron boilers. ‘The application of corrugated iron in the manufao- ture of the boilers of marine and other engines, and for forming the arches, and all the fire surfaces, where great strength with lightness is required, bids fair, we are informed, to revolutionize the old stem. For instance, an arch formed of corrugated iron of seven feet span, four inches wide, and three sixteonths of an inch in thickness, is oapable of sustaining the enormous weight of 15,630 pounds without the slightest deflection; whereas, an arch formed of ordinary iron, seven feet span, four inches wide, and four-sixteerths of an inch in thickness, would not sustain a weight of more than 3,100 pourds, as we learn. ARCHIMEDES WORKS. Mesrrs. 1. R. Dunham & Co., proprietors ot the Archimedes Works, are constructing a beam en- gine with cylinders sixty inches in diameter, and twelve feet stroke, for a Lake Ontario steamer about 2,000 tons burthen, besides several eugar mills and engines for the West Indies. They em- ploy, at present, three hundred and forty men. From the foregoing statement, an estimate ma be formed of the manufacturing resources of this great and thriving city of the Western World, and of the energy, skill, and industry of our people. The list is not complete, however, as we have been unable to obtain a statemont of the work going on at the Novelty Works, and at the machine shop and foundry of Hogg & Delamoter. The Widening of Wall Street. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Mr. Epitox—I have read with surprise an article published in the Morning Express, of the 2d inat., reflecting severely upon the course pureued by Alderman Sturtevant relative to the proposed widening of Wall street. Tixe charge made is, that Aldvrman S. was employed by those interested in the proposed improvement, as counsel to advocate their cause before the Street Committee, and to procure the passage by the Common Council of a resolution for the widening of the street. The whole tonor of the article is to the effeet-—and would lead & person not conversant with the facts of the case to supposo—that Alderman Sturtevant was employed, right or wrong, to put money into the hands of pri- vate individuals, and Chat, a8 a consequence of tho courre taken by him, says the worthy editor of the Express, “ho ought '9 be expelled from the Board of Aldermon,” and be further adds, that “ this charge thus being made, it is not enough for Alder- man Sturtevant generally to deny it; butit be- comes ais duty to demand a public “investigation of il, or oles to reat cay under it.”” Now, in order, I presume, that the disinterested editor of ths Express might not be disappointed in his desire to prove tho truth of the allegations thus put forth in the columos of his paper, Mr. Sturte- vant did, on the same day, in bis place in the Board of Aldermen, demand a committee of investigation to inquire into the truth of the allegation so made, and requesting that incase a committee should be appointed, his enemies—if he had any inthe Board — might be appointed to sit in amass relative to his wets in the matter. ‘The Board, by a unanimous vote, denied the application—differest members stating that it was well known by the Board what courve Mr. Sturtevant had pursued in the premises— that he had only done his duty, and they would not consent to cast @ shadow of suspicion upon hit, which they must necessarily do by voting for a committee, Now, if the worthy editor of the Fayress is the fair, candid and inn ial man be would have the community believe 2, would ho not have published the account of there proceed- ings in his paper? But for some reason he does not see fil to de so. He makes gross charges affecting the character of a member of the Board, challenges the member to apply for a committee of investiga- tion, and there, a far as the colamns of his paper are eoncemed, leaves the matier and the esmmu- nity to suppose that Mr. S. “reste quietly undor the charge.” ‘The charge 61 the Express, sv wantonly made, was entirely false, and so the editor must have known, or if he was misled in the matter, aad thought he was stating the truth, then he should, acting with only common fairness, have given at length in his paper the proceedings that took place in the Board, when Mr. 5. di nded ® committee of investiga tion. Now, relative to the widening of Wall Alderman S. did but do what he had o p right to do, und what under the circumstances he and every other member of the Board was bound to do. He believed with nine-tenths of the community, that the proposed improvement was needed; and acting upon this belief, he gave the measure his cordial support, and that too without being eu ployed a+ counsel to de so. If he had been of a contrary opinion, ond had believed that no necessity existed for the propored widening of Wall street, no person who ts acquainted Mr. 3., believes that he would have given, or could, under any cir cumstances, have been induced to have given the measure his support. U ‘tunately for those deirous that the proposed of the street should be effected witvout he Editor of the Express was to be some- what yminoded thereby—the building which he cecupies being one whioh, if the widening, as at first proposed, had been made, must have been par- tinlly torn do For this reason, the Argus-oyed editor watehed the proceedings, ax he says, © with no little inter nd beeause, undor euch circum- stances, Alderman Sturtes ant dared to dohis daty, rues charges, like tho to which I have re- ferred, were made against him. Now for those who are acquai d with Mr. S., no denial of the allegations contained inthe article from the rpress, befure referred to, is needed. But for euch as inay not know him, aod are not cognizant of the facts, I would state that the article is untrue, so far as it isealculated to impress the reader with the idea that Mr. Sturtevant was employed, engaged, or retained by any partics intereater the proposed improve ment to advocate the measure ag counsel He did so entirely upon his own reaponsi Jy, and because he believed the improvement a desirable ono, and needed by the community. It is for this reason, wud this alone, that the valiant editor of e. widenin, delay, e Bx press ineinuates (for he does not in plain language make them) charges, caleulated seriously to injure the reputation of a» most worthy member of the Toard of Aldermen. 7 IHR. The Coal Trade for 4} ok, ia 29,512 06; . 61.688 11 tons In e by camal, 2,949 tona By rail y canal avery fair run h ek, To Philadeiph pmente were d oy The pre cappolty ot the canal lem uit the boat capacity widl mot m Freight: hare advanecd & shade | by the ennai, and buciness by kending nuniber of bogte an jit on the line of they are all intended for the New ork trade ‘The demand for con! is very fair, and prices are Hrmly nuantained in thie region, With An upward tendency ‘The prices on board nd, are siso firm Se chipments fy igh for the lat wok, are fh little Teen thai’ Chey wore the correapohding week beat we lett, are being made to induce Uh issioners to 1duee the toll on the Delaware division of the Penneyivania “Saal; they will, b fail, because the canal is doing abotl® &* © edate, and Lan ein week; oats to this dire with the Washington Com- if we ave correctly in pany, at present, which 1 comt of the could rr ton, of whieh ‘ ab pany forn period of ten y | formed, benre h ix #8 follows, vir Rondout, is’ fixed # and Hudson Comp transaeting the bi Washington Cow ition with th thetr abipping ord this season, with regard to rates, and thus put a stop to the frequent rumors circulated both ie the coal region and abroad, that negotiations were pending by tween the two companies, it would be of vast service to the com Pany, in establishing confidence, and in securing aid irom various quarters | We hi requested to state that con: faliefaction prevails at New York, on account of the tow. | lve line not towing cont boata further up the North and Rait rivers, Coal yards are located as high up as Nine- \ ticth street, and the tow boats stop ns far down as Thig- teenth street, Thie ought (o be remedied at onee, jerable dis. Speaker of the House, still he is only nominally the presiding officer of that body of legislators. Un- less he squares himself as the dictators desi influence is no greater than the corporal’s guard of locos. There are frequently matters introduced of @ bature consistent with his pretended silver gray feelings, but the woolley majority as often overrule all action, oppose all measures which are not brought forwar: by themselves. Several attempts have been made within the few days of the extra Session, to entertain resolutions expressing confi- dence in the national administration, sustaining tho measures of compromise which eminent whigs la- bored hard to achieve, viz.—Messrs Clay, Web- ster, Fillmore, and others; but, as indulgences is allowed by which an expression of the Logislature ean be obtained, the policy is now, as it was dur. } ing the regular session, to smother all attempts to endorse the administration, or to uphold the Presi- dent in his laudable efforts wo preservo harmony in the Union. , _ ‘This morning, Mr. Mauric2, a Long Island mem- | ber of the House, offered a series of resolutions on the subject of creating State debts, the completio» of the canals, the appropriation of the surplus reve nue towards that object, and averring an approval of that portion of the constitution which secures aud provides for their completion. The majority con Fented that they might be printed and [aid befo- the members, but they will neither be adopted, nor ene least impede the passage of the nine mill: i E Already about two hundred Wills have boea « dered to ‘a third reading in both houses, witho having undergone a moment’s discussion, reflactive er consideration, other than in secret comur’ of them are of the greatest importance to the st of the State, especially those which pro ae to lavish upon cana! contractors, and ochur obby loungers, hundreds of thousands of dollars ‘This is wrong, especially fron the fact that, iu both houses, there are several new member. the Senate five, in the Jlouse two—who were no occupying the seats which they now do wheu th bills Were o soussed at tho regalar sassion. in th | Senate, Huntington, Halstead, and Sanford, 5 quietly and silently, and suffer the rolling tl of bills, which they could not, by any poss heve examined, and probably never heard of the titles were read by the clerk, and sworn Senators, called upon to vote in favor of So in the lower house—there are two mombers that body, who suffer the same proceeding, wild instituting any inquiry us to the features, object:, intentions, or probable operations of either of two hundred bills upon which they are required ¢ vote. As well might the people place upoa tu cushioned chairs so many plaster Paris dolls, 0 anatomical figures, with jointed necks, to nod their heads when the wires are pulled, for the signifcaave ofanay® or no. If those new mombers have an desire to ‘egislate for the intoreste of their coastit:! ents, why do they not occasionally interpose, i quire in relation to some of tbe bills, and mov their reference, where, in the regular order of bu nes, their merits may be discussed ? The oniy newly elected mombor in eit who has taken an; stituents. is the [I or bods interest in the rights of his cvs ob Lyon, of Lyonsda’ who ne bly represents the Zlst Senate’ dist comprising the counties of Jeffersonand Lewis ti is not dis erted nor over-awed in the porfors ance of what be honestly believes to be bis dut He has already introdaced several bills of imp’ tance to his constituents, ard while in the perform ance of this duty this morning, he was surprised be arrested by another Senator 0 wanted to know what the contents of Mr Lyon's bills wero, ant whether they did not interfere with a resolution adopted by the Senate in relation to the kind o business to be entertained Myr. Lyon sprang to hs feet in cantly, and amin: most scathing r. buke to his interrogati He informed the geutie man_acd the > was placed there by honest and ce a ey, & people wa rights bad her heen dist garded in the nate, and be should introduce such measures in t body as he deemed expedient, regardless of th tempts whieh have been, or may be made, to det him from doing his duty. His Dil wastatrednes; and referred to the committee which he desirod, notwithstanding that the powerful iniu of Senators Babeock and Cook was in opposi ‘This morning, the Hon. Mr. Lyon rose, the Now York Herald ix vis hand, and desired to make a few remarks on a question of privilege. Le ob- Jin the columns of that paper a telegraph re- ort, purporting to come from this Capitol, giving the canines of what occurred hereon Wednes day. He stated that the report, so far as he was concerned, was incorrect, and further rewarked that he had been misreporied, and he ouly de sired to set himself right with his constituents was not aware who furnished the telegraph reports for the New York press, but hoped, that for the future, if it was thought of importance to repor him at all, that it would be done more accurately than in the instance to which he alluded. The contest tor the seat which is vacaut ii sequence of an equal vote in the Twenty-eixth dis- trict, is not likely to be very animated or protracted. The committee selected fo investigate tue matter, have decided not to travel ali over Chemung and Steuben in search of testimony; and to-day inforim the contestants, that if they would bring their testi- mony before them at the ¢ or upon the investigation. delay, expense, and incon is, that nei bert is averse to re-comiaitting the question to the ople, a8 the district is a strongly acknowlodgod emo! one W Matters and Things about Harrisburg. OUR HARRISBURG CORRESPONDENCE Hannisnena, June, 13, 1851 The city of Harrisburg presents a strange ca trast to the other cities aad villages of Ponaylvaua, in its netivity and dulness in point of business and trade, Vhough it is the capital of the State, it is far behind Lancaster, Reading, Votraville, Norristowr iteourgh, and sevoral other towns: in manufactures, commerce, and the mechan: arts. Its populatic it 9,000,) is «mm considering that i the «sat of gover ment; but like Washington, this very fi seems to affect it for evil rather than good Ths reat of government i+ often the centre of corruption and dissipation, Hurrishurg is not an exception. ‘The attention of the people i# directed from ‘uday trial pursuits to place hunting, and lobbying, ant pulling. There is desire on the part of * i itant to be associated with the meaibos: the Legislature, and they be too aristoora: work. The principal business seems to be hote. keeping by the by there is a curious ¢ tolerated in the hotels here; the boarders are mitted to get divuk, aud sing songs and « all night long,to the terrible annoyance rest of the sober portion of the inmates 1 takes place in the most respeetab them; and the proprictors fay they not pre ent it! lary eet ray be found continually «warming a House, like the Athenians, ever trying to leura something new.” This oity, t ure, with ite great nat; -al advanta y ag it doos, on the tra quohanun, » rounded and hav ing a canal a thrive far! tte else. Ite situa’ rounded by mountaina, swopivg of varied hue, te the margin of & whids ite way thigush =" 7 antl ¢ f tair a valley as ever t 18 aun lit wp W™ beauty. The eity itself is snaded With {ne trees, the streets are wide and w out, and the air is salubrious, with the exec, of rome fever and ague occasionally in th: f caused byt Jt is rather » water b a coming low and stagu wot Harrisburg on accoun’ of the great breedth of the river, bovg about a wide. it is crossed by two wooden brid being devoted to the railroad, aud th Over the latter, # to general purposes cents is charged to foot passong on the Su above Harrieburg. 1 mile, and down to Columbia, ia ma grand. There is a fine healthy br t delig river, that renders the city a in summer. 14 the wat order now, there areely any busi that war Thave eoid that manufactures are 4 od here, if, in they con be said to he ence at all, There appears, however, to just now, to establish one important b in the city. A brick cotou factory is cently orect h, for size and beauty tecture ¢ is unequalled by any tir ta kind in the countty. It has been got up " vy, and cost $20,000, It has a fine i me offices, ‘The mach of a superior kind It is three stories high, and bas threo tiers of windows, twenty-five in each, in front and rear, and three tiers in. the ends, of four windows in each. It is on the bauks of the river, and is the greatest ornament of the city. A grand mistake, however, was mado by the proprietors. ‘They have decided upon manufacturing the coa:ser kinds of goods, which are common everywhere, and do not pay like the fine, ecarce articles. The com- pany will be quite satisfied if they make six por cent on their capital. The object is to increase popu lation; but what is chiefly wanted here is skill, and there is great difficulty in finding hands. There is a large number now undor the process of terohin, No doubt hands in abundance will soon find their way from Phi aro 10, bell, and hand. to be a new impetus given to building this summer; about thirty balding are sithor about tobe ereseed or rebuilt in part. ‘The State House is a very g: ilding, commands a splendid view of the oity, the river, und the surrounding scenery The Central railroad, passing from Philadel; to this city, is very badly managed—every body com- Jains ofit. It was built in # very uascientilic and fective mmaruer, and the rate of speed is nearly asslow as that of a stage coach ‘ou will oon- stantiy hear of the train zouning o€ the track, or of ove train beg delayed for an hour, in waiting till ses, in order to avoid a collision. Tae ‘uality is proverbial, You can never within ab hour of the time you will ar- © thue of leaving Philadelphia is very im- for the New York papers. One traim t7o’clockin the morning, too e ls to this city; and the otrer clock in the forenoon, also too early “ich arrive ina few minutes after The result is, that Harrisburg #et the newspapers from the groat me country till next morning, instead of 6 cvening The cars might start at 2 + «under proper management, arrive ‘ey do How could a city which tole- elect of their interests, prosper in trade Jn these days of progress and rm » to be without the news of the commercial enterprise for twelve chind the age. At7 o'clock this 1a not get a copy of the Herald for All had been boughtup on account s of the Havrisbarg Convention. cand the only class benefitted by s, who will be pretty dull for @ ure docs not meet till January we fact about the Legisiature there is no State reporter nd the local papers bhava they sre not Lvl Thisis highly favorable to corrup- ion—for if a job is to be carried own; and if & inan wants to jump. ie Senate or House of Representa curring the odium of bis constituente nothing is more easy, for hig ther side, never appear; and if he is 2 wi neonsistency by any one who hag whl an deny or explain it awa; A Looker On IN leuves at ha to oring t Vienna. «ww Orleans Correspondence. Ox.eans, June 6, 1851. ion Affairs in the Post Office amd The Fillilusteros—Anecdote of Se, be. » tothe Opelousas, Attakapas and ‘ ailroad Convention convened at tae pon Jf0) on the evening of the 4th inet. x 1 eq, 0ne of the oldest and weal- - oi our city, was olucted President; q vie Presidents wore ex-Governor “ of letwyette parish; Gen. Declonet, of ige Woodrull, of Jefferson; Dum > ol Ascension ; aad Heary E| Law- ty of Lafayecte. The convention " ‘of the moet wealthy and intelligent aut © fairest portion of the State of * d® more high toned and enlightened Save eeldom congregated together. is is the most plausible, and the route advocated ymaenciog at the . iu the parish of Jefferson, opposite he river bauk, through the or, Cam umption, through the Fr ing Berwick's Bay, to the win, Lafayette, and St. Landry, Washingion, on the Cortableas } i ts contemplated to extend . Voxas line. Resolutions were committee lo procure surveys nates of cost of construct tain a provisional act of im Logistature, for the purpose of ) the expenses of the same. wre, of St. Martin, one of the was then loudly called ion He estimated dl route at one bun- ; Ly Providence for that ot the road estimated at tue venerable gentleman then went lanation to show the advantages ns, axl the protite the road The crope of sugar and molasses in parish, now shipped direct from Bere lay aod the river Téche to New York, Balti- u-tou, would thon find a market ia New The Jadge then took # review of the pro- vikecu radroads aod improveineute ge: te with the Soath, showing u Stratos, had tea the mom ' { oveinents a i ssippi river there was not a white ‘ uitts banks from the Baline to the river, except at New Madrid. He os rin I812, on board of the first t bowl ¢ wwighed tho Mugsissippi, and t Orieans levee. woe u handful of inhabitants | Mississippi, where now exists @ t millions. Great snd extraor- é 1 prosperity of Louisiana within tow y 4% had = yed wader our groat Nature had done every! no. |! sae bad done nothing for . ose from her slumbering decay, ten narms, wotil sbe couldembrace v t . and the Ei wad fold them ‘ Judge here struck off on the ended with « few most enthu- » remarks, receiving immense ascenbly Gov. Mouton and Mx. } » ly addressed the convention, i oot alate hour met again yosterday sveuing. the ani pa and good feeling prevail sorted rather overawed by ligent behavior of the country the filling up of committees, i, in which the delegates of New parish of Jefferson pledged them- t preseutatives, to give the railroad u wupport. Glendy Burke, Esq. as Son appointing @ committee to pre the Southern aud Weetern Staves, g! the facts and statistics of railroad 4 i) wich this State ean have a direct and crest, aud the hearty co-#peration < + ais prepared to extend to them all. prople of those States, to meet wa ou New Orleans, ou the second Mon« ). IS82, to concentrate and unite theig xteuriou of our raileoad systems — westhen addessed by] LB De igt Isaac T Preston, (ren Decloust, it adjourned stne die éh quite astir in our p (as the custom discharged f oaesty. Oye Musson, bas b TY uafortd- ®& creole himself, he who, in contra <lie- £ the intelligence post office is snt complaints are to the impression that Mr ar better qualified for any othee office here, aad several ritement has abated; tho to be strougly in favor and he is generally pright and indepondeus “old Joo.” as he is fe ed ia town this moraing, and e number of the country ‘ +f 4 by a da aborde, the Spanish Con Andrews, the owner of the schooner Ro- vd the Spanish steamer of war ado reef, had arrived at Havana. ; posed their visit is to settle aud compromise sodrews’ claim against the 5, hb govern tor ealvag ire Very quict here, too, in the filisustero Not @ word is to be heard on the subject Now we never mention it—the name is er ard,” as the song goes; but General Naroisse jer iain town, and, it is anid, bolds large and pant leveee The best anecdote ever told oa Jenny Lind, is i to have ocourred d ley tour through the stern States, and as it bas never been “ set ap,” iil give it to you. It appears, at @ small town, where Jenny ond Barnum had stopped to rest, the latter told the folks that, if they would raise | $1,900, he would let them hear Jouny sing. The proposition was agreed to, and a large barn was procured, which comfortably held about 600 people, which, at $% per ticket, made up the sum demand ed. The nudvence appeared delighted and satisfied; and as Jenny was singing her last song for the night—‘the bird pg ey tall, Hooster looking chap, who seemed to think he had been “sorter taken in three dollars worth, exclaimed, on Jonny repeating the a, 1 know not, f know not why lam singing "— the dornation yo don’t! Woll enn tell ye; ye $1,500 lick — top-kaot aie no uso of telli folke you don't know why yer dad’s corn will find out!” A viol Barnum was found omong > 0 Iie‘big bdo t this port, We are singing for & ‘ound; and there’