The New York Herald Newspaper, June 3, 1851, Page 3

a _________t ery Our Watering Place Correspondence. Sanatoea Srainas, May 30, 1451. Appearance of Saratoga in May—The Preparations for the coming Season. Here 1 am, at the world-wide famed watering place, afew weeks abead of timo, but it is alla mistake. | was “ticketed” fur Burlington, Vt., and expected to have been there ero this. I came up the river ou the South America, arrived in Albany too late for the first train of cars from Troy to Whitehall, supposed I was doing the next best thing by tuking the 10 o’olock train; but after coming on here, at almost # svail’s pace, I found that, for all practical purposes, I could have as well semained in Troy or Albany until 6 o'clock, and decided to remain here until the evening train comes along, concluding—wisely | think—that a few di gions of man’s common abhorrence could be as de- cently murdered at Saratoga at Whitehall. "Thus much, dear reader, was considered necessary, to Jet you understand that I have made a mistake in referring to the calendar, by turning two leaves ata time; considered that 1 was coming to the great focus of fashion in the height of the season; Bat it is only an oversight in examining my rail- way fess. - i if i had expected to find Saratoga teeming with myriads of the votaries of gayety and fashion, the appearance of the town would readily undeceive me; alt the largest hotels, with the single exception of the Union, being in the possession of the masons, carpenters, and painters. The United States has been and is undergoing thorouzh capainss the long jiazza, on Broadway, has been rebuilt, and the ouse will be opened for visiters early next week, or, perhaps, to-morrow. ‘The Union has been open about a week. The dining room muster, to- ay showed cighteon, all teld, most of whom, one wo: d judge, were rather seekers of health than votaries ‘of fashion. 1 am told that even this s: number is more than usually assemble at the festive board thus early in the season; and that, during the month of May, the number of strangers at the Springs has beon greater than the same month any former year. ‘The large number of orders for rooms that have, thus early, been received at the different hotels, gives promise of an unusually gay season. . The cholera, which is making its appearance in New Orleans, will send thousands to the North much earlier than usual. All the hotela are count- ing on ® very large amount of business from that quarter, and have made the most auple and liberal arrangements to meet the expected demand upon them. Neno aro better prepared to give them a comfortable reception, than our friend Iathorn, of the Union; there cannot be a doubt but ho will re- ceive his full share of public favors. After all the heated contentions that have been going on during the past twelve months between the friends of the Union and the disorganizers, all lovers of Fe ce and good order must now see the propriety of ral- lying around and supporting the “Union for the sake of the Union.” During the absence of the usually gay throng of ng and breathing attractions at Saratoga, one has & much better opportunity to examine and calmly appreciate the rare beauties ofnature to be found in and about this attractive village. Never have I spent a few hours at Saratoga more delight- fully and profitably than to-day. Since my last visit here, the village has undergone many changes, and is very much improved in ap- vearance. The mammoth hotel that was to have been built as a v: stock establishment, under the auspices of Mr. Peters, of your city, is not yet to be found on the sito that was “appropriated as its loca- tion; itis true that the grounds have undergone some improvements, and are much beautified. I enjoyed a ramble through these grounds, and was much amused at the onser of the fish with which the ponds are filled. The citizens of Saratoga have followed the very laudable custom, which is now getting quite general in our cities and large towns, of selecting some spot without and quite beyond the bounds of the town, for the quiet home of its. citizens, after they have moved beyond the reach of the vexing caros, strifes and turmoils of this wrang- ling and ing world. The spot selected is most dmirably adapted for the peaceful re f the and appropriately named Greenri it Saratoga should be so far absorbe: t gaycty, fashion and amusements of this bewitchin, watering p. , as to forget or meee to pay a visit to this churming home for the departed. “Depend upon it, reader, a short withdrawal from the frivoli- ties of life, to admire the beauties and contemplate the purposes for which this spot has been conse- erated, will do you no harm. P. Our Southern Correspondence- Memruis, May 19, 1851. Some Accowat of Memphis—-The Gubernatorial | Plection— The Character of the Candidates, §¢. I must give you some local items of this city 9 Momphie. Nature has marked it for a place. high ridge, gently undulating for miles back, here juts into the river, with a bluff thirty feet above bigh water-mark. This advantage you can appre- ciate wheo you reflect that the ottome” of the ippi are annually overfiown, from Cairo to cksburg, with the exception of one or two insig- ts above here, on thisside. The coun- joining, in Tennessee and Mississippi, it a rich cotton growing region, producing annually about one hundred und fifty thousand bales, ehip- ped from thie place. We are endeavoring, by means of plank roads, to draw an increased trade © our city. Two of the most important roads to the nterior are partially completed; two others are sbout being put under coutract. The Memphis and Charleeton Railroad has been locate 1, and near hree millions of stock taken. ‘I’ pany hav- ing become proprietors of the old Lagrange and Memphis road, extending fifty miles due east from he city, wil repair, this summer, tho superstrac- ture, (it being already gradcd, at the cost of $4,000,) and Basten its completion with all possible dis- patch. ‘This road connects with the Nashville and hurleston road, near Chattanooga—thence, on the same track, to Charleston, In addition to there, we are uniting with the people of Arkansas, directly pposite us, to builda plank road across the swamp, which, in high water, overflowu for forty miles jue west, to the bills. ‘I wenty-six miles of this road ha raded; it isan old military road. chose facilitics we expect to bring to as an increas +d rade and travel from the Last, aad to open a new trade with the Wei The lands in tne bottom u timbered, rt culation, sure. iieul estate has rapidly cd in value this season, with unprecedented activity i Large blocks of business NOUBE® RE wogress of construction, from ¢ siremity of Main street to the other, @ street m which, three years ago, no business at all wae done. ‘The suburbs of the city are villaged with the new and bexutifal cottages of the mechanics and emall dealers. Tae conatry to Western mun, magnificent 5 f two would compare favorably with your tmanvons of the cast country ad- lovely beyond e ity has such ich forest trees—suca luxuriant vegotation. t, coolest and bes: water that ever flowed ppenine, is w ior to the wolls of vu Gaynso turlag Company have eted an extensive establivbment, aud will soon make Lowclls at home. They have » capital of #390,098 Co commonce with. Other factories, mills and machine shops are being built. At some lei sure time | may write you more fully of our savy yard, ropewalk, &e., some facts ofour steamboat d may give you a notice of the : and, lest Lintrude toc items of the discussion & var tes for Governor of our Si lals, the incumbent, and Col. C *Ploody l iret,” at Monterey. Col, Campbell led off in a speech of an hour and a half; revicwed the history of the slavery question up to Gen. Taylor's administration—the measures of adjustment proposed, and the adoption of the sompromisc=-he stood by that compromise, and, with that cempromise, the Union—declared his pre , r Mr. Fillmore for President in ‘52--in of Tennoreee taking stock in her measures ft roal improvement to her utmost ability oreful not to jeopardize the credit of the State * udvised « resort to direct taxation, if necessary, + raise » common school fund. dale opposed cach and every mensure but, ae we bad it—it was the law c should seo that it was exccuted { Mr. Fillmore and Mr Webster with abolilionists—and we picked up our hat and teft for dinner. ‘The wh law is ex! ‘The demvuera gressional dis porter of the eo livearded b f Tennessee, eo long as the Fugitive is not repealed—are for the Union. ate somewhat divided. tn this Con- ict, Mr. Stanton is an ardent sup- tmpromise, fur which he has been # portion of the democracy. This, advecary of the River and Iarbor U, and his speech before the Colonization Society, the nomination of the convention; they, the rate, have nominated no other as yet. The whigs have a flattering prospect of clocting thoir uminee in the f Mr. Stanton Tor . will give an overwhelming promissantthe Union ig about Wy ef nge. éiwm rire: Li ore fim and hard (like Old Mickory’s). man of austere babite-irre: pevachable in big moral character-never swears, f me = The | With | Dever smiles. Creek war, and at tho battle of New Orleans. As Colonel of one of the Ten Regiments, he icipated in all the battles around the city of Mexico—was slightly wounded at Churubusco in the arm. Gol. Campbell is his junior, about tenor fifteen ears, remarkable for his fine personal appearance, is courage and his kindness; as was beautifully re- marked by Bailie Peyton, he has ‘a woman's and a lion’s heart.” In height, six feet and upwards— finely proportioned—of ruddy onigylexion, light hair and pleasing countenanes. Ie was in the Florida war, and commanded the First Regiment of Tennessee volunteers at Monterey. They are men of more military reputation than any others in the State. Neither of them are orators. ‘Their discussion was stupid—very stupid for Ten- nessee stump speakers. Jones and Polk, the best brace of orators that ever met, addressed the people of each county in the State in two successive cam- paigns; then followed Aaron V. Brown and loster; then the two Browns (A. V. and Neal S.), allgood speakere; and we who have listened so often to their interesting discussions, cannot be entertained by the prosy narration of stale fucts, unenlivened by the anecdotes and repartee which we have so long been accustomed to hear on such occasions. .P, Ricumonp, Va., May 26, 1851. Old Virginia—Her Position on the Compromise Measures Defined, and the Reason Why--Her Re- lations at Home on the Slavery Question—Tae State Convention—The Question of the White Ba- sis and the Mixed Basis--Eastern vs. Western Virginia Described—Growth of the Latter, and the White Population—Comparative Decrease of the Slaves—Stat istics—Virginia Sloughing off the In- stitution—The Whites Pressing the Slave Popula- ‘ompromise of the Convention ividing, or of Becoming a Free State—Practical Working of Mr. Clay's Theory of Emancipation, §c., §c. Thus far, on cur return from the cotton States, we have the honor to advise you from this capital of the Ancient Dominion; and such is her situa- tion at this juncture, such her relations to the Union, the Presidency, the two old parties, and such is the difficult question she has to settle with herself upon the subject of slavery, that we hare deemed it our duty to pause and look into these things fora day or two, having already taken a look into the Convention. But, first of all, how are we to account for the late reselutions of the Virginia Legislature, acoed- ing, submitting, out-and-out, to the compromises of 1450, and recommending South Carolina to submit, when South Carolina stands in her present attitude from no other cause than having adopted the pre- vious resolutions of Virginia? Those resolutions declared, among other things, that if Congross “interfered” —that, we believe, is the very word— “interfered” with slavery in the Dis:riet of Colum- ia, Virginia would show fight, and resist, ‘‘at all hazards, and to the last extremity.” South Caro- lina having adopted these resolutions, sticks to them, and the chances are decidedly, and by all odds, just now, that she will make geod her posi- tion. Why, then, did Virginia back out andi haul off for repairs? Were her resolutions mere ‘sound and fury, signifying nothing”—intended to bam- boozle Congress, aud to humbug South Carolina ? or y did she make such a flourish of trumpets ? We shall undertake to explain the game. It was the game of brag—nothing but the game of brag, between the whigs and democrats» In the Logisla- ture it is generally a very tight fit between them ; anda little loss of the floating capital of the dem: crats might give the State to the whigs in a Pi dential contest. In 1347, ‘48, and °49, the Southern States were pretty eet excited to declare resist- ance if they wore excluded from Calitornia, or if | there was any aly paehrig with slavery in the | District of Columbia. in Virginia the popular opinion was believed to be strongly inclined to re- sistance. The democrats vd hold of the idea, | and passed those warlike resolutions that have led South Carolina tothe very verge of secession; and they Faccstah ere: prom resolutions of instruction, upon which Mr, Mason and Mr. Hunter, in the Se- nate, and a majority of the House delegation, acted in opposition to the bills of adjustment—Texas, Calitornia, Utah, and the trict of Columbia Last winter Mr. Mason was re-elected by general consent—but that was due to his fidelity to instrue- tions. But, mark you, a State Vonveation elected he people to revise the State Constitution, or rather to make @ Bew constitution—the old ene be- | ing rusty and worn out —and the delegates assembe ling here during the sittiug of the legislature, it was discovered that a decided majority of the peo- pe of Virginia were in favor of the compromises of | Mr. Clay; andthe democrats also discovered that if they held to the doctrine of resistance, they would be left in a hopeless minority, and that the whigs would have everything their own wa as they had in New York in 181%. To hold to t! dvctrine of resistance was simply to give the State | to the whigs, by anoverwhelming majority. Sothe democrats declined to make the issue before the peoples ey submitted—they crawfished—they sacked out—because it would have been suicidal to | have carried the game of brag auy farther. We | doubt not Father Ritchie had some influence in PB soar, | this act of eubmissior; but the Con- vention had some weight upon the Legislature, | while the Legislature itself hud lowrned something | of public opiuion in the bask countcy. The demo- | crats gave in; they could not afford to throw upthe ; State, and all the chances for the Presidency and ; the spoils, upon a mere ‘* string of abstractions.” | We think that South Carclina may safely take that as the expl ion of from whom, also, apology is due from ev. ry consideration of po! usages. Such isthe position of Virginia upon the com- promises. The whigs were for accepting themn— &n immense majority of the neve were fur accept- ing them; and the demo srats declioed the issue, and succumbed, The Presidency and the spoils were | at tho bottom, Virginia cannot afford to give up her share of the treasury pap; the democrats cannot afford to give up their power in the State; and so, ina very brotherly way, they advise South Caro- lina to keep quiet. But still, we sh advisedly when we #ay that there are some thousance of wenin Virginia who actively sympathize with South Carelins in the act, and after the fact of secession. And there ‘ie the great danger. Ifthe majority ia South Ca- | rolina plunge into the gulf of disanion, the minori- | Ves in the other Southern States will hardly tail co involve them all in the struggle. ‘Thus much for the great national question, and the submission of Virginia to the pa sifisaticns of Mr. Clay. The local polities of the State will re- quire come stati » wad alittle topography and geography, to explain them with any degree of ea tifuction. The State Convention elected to build a new constitution, has been in session sume five month. and after sitting several months more, will probi | nat t night, for a o dor tail, as was d lan jou, without regard te we by the late Convention in cult question of adjustment in the ention cas been the basis of represea- Legisiature—the contest being be- the mixed basis and the white basis—be- tween the Eastern and Western divisions of the State No two contiguous States in the Union are more Ji-tinetly divided cr diferent, geographically, or in { lnct® and population, thaa Eastern and Western | \irginia. Running in a south-wosterly direction Pennsylvania through Virginia into North na and Tonnessee, the Blue Ridge chain of ntains forms the barrier and the line of divi ‘etween the Eastern and Western seotions of State, Wost of the Blue Ridge there is a from fifteen to twenty-five miles wide, ¢ through the State, and enriched for y two hundred miles by tho waters of the shenandoah, flowing alung the western side of the Bue Ridge, in search of Fortile and. richly watered, with gushing oprings ood cryetal etreams, and bouaded on both sidos by & picturesque chain of mountains, this, the Great ha of Virginia, we take it, is the most poreten beau'ffal country ander the sun. Wort of this valley, mountains upon mountains, Ossa upon Pelion, “ Alps on Alpe arise,”’ ineluding the great chain of the Alloghan their table lands, and their lateral mountain es, filling up the residue of the State to the Ken- tueky tine, and nearly to the Ohio river. All this country west of the Blue Ridge is Western Virginia country of mountain chains in parallel lines and orts of labyrinthine configurations, cutting up the torritory into small valleys and districis, de- tached from each other by mountain barriers. Here the theory of Mr. Webster prevails, Slavery has been exeluded to a vory great extent, by the ac: of (od, from Western Virginia—the country (excep ing parts of the Great Valley) being too much subd- divided into small arable valleys, too staal for slave plantations. But it is capable of sustaining « large white population—pastoral, rural, and manufac- turing—as the exhibit: of the census will show. Eastern Virginia devcends from the summits of the Blue Ri very gradually, to the seaboard, and admits, in its products of wheat, corn, tobacco, cotton, &e., of being divided into farms of a thou- rand or a hundred thousand acres. It is the great tobacco section. The James river tobsoco planta- tions were worked by the first slaves introdaced in- to America. The country of Hastern Virginis was parcelled out originally in immense tracts, to the Sie cnen't of the English nobility and cay. oliers. very became the sysvom of its cultiva. | iby sdjoura, upon patching up something, on the | an outlet to the oeoan. | | and sensible countenance, is Geo tion; and hence from these causes the diapaepati of slaves in the eastern over the western di of the State. A glance at any large sized map wet show the latter section to be a mass of mountains, terminating with the dividing line of the Blue Ridge ; east of which the mountains sink into hills, gradually declining to the sea. Western Virgioia wants a representation in the Legislature, upon the white population exelusively, e white basis. Eastern Virginia demands s mixed basis, or the counting with the whites three-fifths, more or less, of the slave population, as the busis-of representa- tion. The white bi would give the legislative power tothe West; tl ixed basis would continue it, as heretofore, with the ast, which includes the fede- ral proportion of slaves and the taxable property in tho scale of representatio: EXIUEIT OF Whites. 69.398 Slaves. 895,250 Fasrony Vinoinya—1840. . Do, do, —1600.. 2771 Total population in 1840, Do. do, 1860. ‘Yotal increase in ten years, Increase of white population Do. of free colored do. Do, of slave do. Wha Wrstens Vinginta—1540, . 371, M, do, = —1850,. 404; Increaso in ten years ..,.123,103 Total population in 1840........ Do, do, eeeee Total inereage in ten years, West. ‘Vote! population in 1840. Do. do, 1850. 230.737 1.425.612 185,905 ‘Total increase in the State.... White increase—Eastern Virginia 33,373 Do. do, —Western Virginia .............. 125,193 seeeeees 156,566 Free colored increase—Eastern Virginia. ... 3445 Do. do. —Western Virginia. .. 253 ‘Total in ten years... ee tececeee 3,696 Increase of Siaves—Eastern Virginia. 16.087 Do, do, —Western Virginia O4aT Total slave increase......... chsasiisigeh: SOMO These figures conalualcaly indi ate the decline of slavery in the State. Take the comparative in- crease of whites and slaves in Mastern Virginia since 1840, for example and convenience, using only the round numbers, and we find— Tho slave increase upon 395,000 to be 16,000. ‘The white increase upon 370,000 to be 33,000, —or an increase of moro than 100 per cent in favor of the whites, upon a smaller basis of population. But how stands the case in Western Virginia ? While the increase of the white population exceeds ne that of the slave population is lees than 10,000, Between 1830 and 1810, the waite» Eastern Virginia actually decreased 6,000, while the slave population increased 21,000. By the last census, we find that the slaves in this section have opulation of 000. those facts together, the rapid increase of the white population in the West, its great gain in the East, and the very sensible declino of the slave population comparatively, we see the practi- cal result of Mr. Clay's system of emancipation, in the sloughing off of slavery trom the border slave States. Virginia is undergoing the process.— White labor is coming in and superseding slave tabor. ‘The slaves are in process of being ald off to the cotton plantations further South. And thus Maryland, Virgima, Kentucky, and Missouri, will transfer their slaves to the cotton States. But what will they do with the accumulation, if they are te be walled in upon every side? Here we have another powerful provocative to @ Southern confe- dcracy, and the re-anvexation of Moxico, Cuba and Central America The Convention, after some five months’ dis- oussion, compromised the dispute between the Hast @ad the Wect, by fixing the number of the House of Delegates at 150, giving the West, from her superiority according to the whito baris, a majority of fourteen; and by adopting fifty as the number of the Senate, giving the exstern section, or the Old Dominion proper, a majority of ten, from herclaims growing out of the slave population aud taxable property—in IMG5 representation to be reappor- tioned, and if the Legislature can’t agree they are to submit the subject to the people. Mr. Thomas J. Randolph (a nephew of Thomas Jefferson) having voted for the compromise, and being taken to task by his eastern coustituents for it, hus given notice, that on the 1th of June he will move to reconsider the vote adopting the compro mise of representation, wn ch will probably bring up again tho merits of the whole subject. This is ‘question of some importance, as it may be driven so far as to provoke the western section of the State to break up the Convention; and possibly to the wine up of s new free State, called Westera | Virginia. |, From this statement of the condition of affuirs in the Old Dominion, it will be seen that she hae quite ; enough to attend to st home, and that South Caroli- na ought to sympathire with her, instead of feoling any disappointment in the refusal of Virginia to | encourage her to the act of access: Vi | in a state of transition from a sh to to a fre | State, or of di into two States—ono elavehold- | ing und the other fre She has ceased to be the | louding slave ree white labor is bere as- euming the semacy. Virginia, from tuo re soil and pressure of the white populatioa, is sloughing off the institution of slavery; aud the cotten States, whose interests are inseparably blended with the system, must look elsewhere for advice. Her po'i- Ucians aro also too busy with the presidency to think of the absurdity of throwing away their chances for the $50,000,000 a year, on mere revolu- ticnary experiments In our next we shall give come account of a visit tothe capital and the Convention, with, perhaps, remark or two upon the fine arts, as we! bal the lions of the State. . Ricumonp, Va., May 27, 1851. The Virgonia Constitutional Convention—Immense Consumption of Gas—Specimen of a Speech Prosyrets of Another Maryland Affair. After sponding an hour or two in listening to the debates in the \ irginia Constitutional Convention-~ or rather the convention elected to build a now constitution—we are more convinced than ever that | the making of new constit ations is atedious and up- hill business. Lock at the trouble our reverend fathers bad with the federal constitution which Mr. Webster has appropriated as his exclusive proper- ty, though ‘"tis mine, ‘tishis, and bas been slave | to thousands.” Dr. Franklin at last had to bring | the convention to fasting and prayer before any- thing could be done. Look at the months of hard labor required to accomplish the old constitution and the new constitution of New York. Bat the result—mark the result. Alltho States have gone, | or ave going, into the work of building now consti- tutions, more republican, more ample, more ship, and clove: up to the spirit of tho age, than constitutions. The States © outgrown ld breeches, #0 that even Virginis, thought veryhody, to be getting like John Randelph’s ghost j Pras nad lovg, and Inok And moving on a spindle shank,” been getting fat on toba sco, and hag c too large for her oi t-time pautaloons finds, = constitutions being all the fashion, that | the is endly in She has clecte {a convention of some one hundred and (hirty-six delegates, more or less, to make a new fundamental law They find its tough job. After five months’ exponditure of gas on ger question,” between the eastera aud wostern sections of the State, they have come to s tet po- rary compromise, giving to the Weet the Houve by fourtecn maje her whice population, and | the y ten m tjority, on nee | of its slaves and taxable property Thus the | obtains # inajority of four o having been, heretofore, outirely in the slaveholding section. This is the practicu! com- mencement of the- revolution which 1s ultimately, and at no remote day, to change Virginia from o slave State to a free State Jn cur Inst despatch, wo explained the contest and the compremise on the negro question, the rapid gain of Western Virginia und the white populs- tion over the Easternor old slaveholdiag division of the Sinte. Let ua, therefore, glance for & moment atthe personelle of the convention. The tow en semble is good As # body of men, the assemblage resents w very respectable appearnuce—particu- arly tt six foet fellows from the western moun tains. n. John Y. Mason, I’resident, au eastern toan, and late Secretary of tho N must have gained Sfty pounds since leaving Wasaington. Lk cannot weigh much short of three handred pounds. A capital, nt fellow is the Judge, as well as on able, talented, and educated man, But where is Wise! Gone down to Accomac After ‘that four days’ speech against his own sec- Lion of the State, he was compelled to return home and go through a course of oysters and salt water; otherwise, Wise must have collapsed. Mighty strange, that, after all his campaigns agetnst John quincy Ad: i » he should turn out, after all, n anti-slavery mon from Accomac, and a slaveholder at that. ‘That short thick-eet gentleman, with his bair cropped very close, and with that plain but solid o W. Sum mers, of Aenhawa, the coal country of tho West, and the salt cowutry. Lie is adunittod to be the stronge:: actantly | readors ant of & new constitution ty man in the convention, and has persuaded the old Bunkers of the East into a com mood. had idea before of the g: of the FY of the jor of the Cohoes setting up a free State among the mountains, in opposition to the old commonwealth, and her cherished institu- tion among the Tuckahoes. Over the way you see that tall square-set man. ‘That is Robert E. Scott, of Fauquier, the cham- pion of the East. He is a keen politician and law- yer, ready indebate, but has not the general at- tninments, we would think, of his western oppo- nent. ile is, probably, too much of # stickler fur the abstractions of 98 and "9, to cope with Sum- mers and the go-ahead doctrines of T851. Joh . Botts, of course, is here, and of course he is a compromise nan. Sver sinee he failed to head John Tyler or die, he bas been a compromise man, though he was very near opposing Old Zack to the last, as a “noinination not fit to be made.” But speaking of Tylor, he still survives at Sherwood Forest, his plantation down the river, dispensing the hospit: of a true con of the Old Dominion. ‘The Governor is with him, at, present, and some others of the dignitaries of Virginia. With his eharmin, his seco! about the happiest man in the State, enjoying his Otium cum digvitate—that ts to eay;' his Ashe and i cprbaintbonl wonderful equanimity and Christian Pl and flourishing young wife, he is raising family of five children, and is altogethor iloeophy. We Seft the Convention diseussing a motion to meet at nine o'clock in the morning, which, wo un- derstand, was carried. Asa specimen of the ora- tory of the body, we give the following extract from the official reports of that mass of verbiage, “ the supplement.” It is part of a speech of Mr. Rives, eds at the time of its delivery, was laboring under a cold :— Mr. Rivas continued—I wish to God I had the elo- quence of my friend from Accomac (Mr. Wise). I wish to God [could send him to the European world to strike terror into the crowned heads there. (Langhter.) Ty rants would tremble and fall before bim; tyranny and oppression pever can have a foothold whore his clarion note is heard. Never, sir, never! All { am afraid of is, that it will wake our people unnecessarily, and too soon, (Grout laughter.) It is fortunate for the crowned heads of Europe that he is not there, I wish be had gone to the World's Fair, Instead of kissing the Queen's lips till they blistered. he would have roused up her people to strike for their rights. He would have told the people of downtrodden and suffering Ircland to strite—strike ag the Americans did. and the lion will be dethroned, and the eagle cf liberty will take his place. Mr. Suxmns (in his seat)—Tbere is a little work to be done here before you send him to Kurope. Mr. Rives—Well, sir, he will de his duty, and T shail attempt todo mine, I shall stand by my waybill. And Teall Spee a friends to remember their waybills. and to stand firm by them. Ifyou do that, you ca apy wrong to your people. My friend intimated was probable that I had changed my opinions, and that my constituents might alko have changed theirs, and by voting with him and bis Western friends, if such wxe the cuse, 1 would not misrepresent them. I beg leave to say to gentlemen, that they need not suppose that. be- evuse have the candor and independence to speak in terms of eulogy of the abilities and tremendous efforts of those opposed to me, therefore L have changed my views, No ote was authorized to draw any such inference, While I ever have, and ever will do full justice to nm op- ponent, aud whilst I always was, and hope always to be proud of the great and good men of Virgo hether they belong to the East orthe West, yet I have » duty to perform to my constitutents which’ no consideration shall induce me to neglect. Aud by way of illustrating my own course and duty ou and for the benetit of others, | will relate an heard or read somewhere Lbelieve 6 3 In one of the counties of Georgia, when militia train- ings of the “olden time” were carried on by companies and battalions, there lived in that country twochampions who bad figured in many fights, neither of whom had ever fost a battle. They bad whipped cverything and everybody that dured to oppose them; and the respective frieuds of each were anxious that the two champions thould meet and decide which was the better man. The friends of Rob Durham, who lived in the upper battalion, enid that ho could “lick” any man in the lower battalion, and if anybody doubted it, they had only to name their men. The friends of Bill Stallings, who was the cham- cf the lower battalion, said that Bill could ieee f any an in the upper battalion, or in the county, and that Bob Durham was just the boy they wanted him to wool. ‘The two champions, however. were the best of friends, and all efforts of their friends had failed to produce a difficulty and bring on a fight betweenthem. Atlength, Ramsay Snitte, a little gina det-eyed, peaked-nood, mis- chief making fellow, who enjoyed & Ught, but never took part in one. finding that at one of the trainings, the two champions had brought their wives with them te the store which was kept at the muster ground. to buy them a drew. and to gets few things for the childrea, kept his eyes on the two women, and soon discovered that Bill's’ wife considered herself entitled to far more respect than Bob's. When they got into the «tore, the sulesmun comnenced showing goods to Bob's wi'e first, which offended Bill's wife, who said to her that vsbe was a pretty thing to receive the attention of s gentleman be- fore tke wife of Williom Stallings, an educated Indy," This bronght on harch words betweea the two wives, Ramsay was in raptures of delight at it, and dasbing ap 11 Stallings. told him, ina whisper, that there *as = rt quarrel going onin the store, between his wife ob Durham's. Bill Stallings stepped back to the store aud instead of trying to make peace, told Bob's wife “to hold Ler tongue, that she waa no lady, and that bis wife, was above her.” Ramsay, who had followed Bill back to the store. was standing listening at the door, and eo soon as he beard Dill say that Bob's wife w LY be started off snd told Bob that Bill Stallings “wae abus- c hia wife at the most awful rate he ever beard a wo- man abused Dis life, and that if sh: his wife ho would whip Hill Stallings er dic; and I teil you Bob, sho alu't my wife. if*he was, Lenow what J would do; 1 am # +suall mag, but | never sce a woman Impowed co—it's @ | shome.” Bob immediately stazted for the store, and told Bill that “Mr. Sniffe ‘hed satisfied him that he had insulted his wife, and that twan’t worth while to say anything more shout it. be bad bim to whip, and just to un- harness bimeelf at once.” In the meantime Ramesy had marked off a circle om the ground. with his cano, and was crying out “ Clear the ring, clear the ring.”’ Tho combatants engaged in @ terrible and desperate fight, frat one. and then the other coming to the ground, whil’t the shouts of their friends urged them cn, until finally, Bul Stallings gave the word ‘The two champions being separated, and having washed out, their friends wore boasting of their sffurts One of Bob's friends said to him, I tell you what it is, Rob, when Bill had one of your thumbs in his mouth I thought he bad you, 1 thought you were whipped, and 1 expected to Lear you give the word every mi- nute “Yes.” anid Bob, “I thought 40, too, but then [thought ae Tpever halloosd whem L was fighting for myself, £ would die before 1 would halloo whem I was Sghiing for Sal.” (Laughter ) So it}s, with me, Mr, Chairman, I am fighting for Sul—I am fighting for my constituents, and Dll die be- fire I'M give the word. And I eay te every member of this house-—fight for Sal, Aight for your constituents, ‘and die before you give d si For my own par be @ coward, but tral- tor, Carry nie Lome a coward te my wife; carry a coward to my children, bh them I might find some consolation and co tion. But carry me home # traitor, » traitor fo my constituente, “A fixed figure for the hand of scorn, To point bis slow, vnmoving finger Sooner, aye sooner, let me sink into the lowest depthe of dark perdition, On motion, the committer then rose, ant ve Jonvention adjourned unt to-morrow, at 10 e'eloek, A.M ; The Convention will, probably, sit four or five mouths longer, from pre’ at needs, before they ish the new constitution. hey cau out-talk the House of Representatives at Washingtow, all hollow; and thoy have no rule restraining a speaker short of four days, and that xists from the example of moucration of Mr . In our next we promire a of the whele South wt this iow of the politics isis. Ww. _——_$——— Our Long Island Correspondence, Jamatca, Li. 1, May 23, 1851 Tie Readiful R 1s of the Place—Churches— Academues—Vistt from General Pact, & 4 Se. 1 ecossionally act se your correspoadont, » Boe | journing at Jausnica for «few days, | have thought that a few lines would not be unacceptable to your This is % remarkably pretty village, @ within ite limite, and in the vicinity, maay iful mansions. One of the prettiest belongs to Jamo# Depey ster Ogden, Haq. The late Mr Judd’s place is aleo vory benutifal, and is now cocu- pied by Mr. Stimson, of New vork lebould think, from what Ieee and hear, (bat this village is beginning te improve. it has long veon in ® stagnant condition, but there is now every appearance of a changs for tke better. It certainly presonts many inducemonss te there who wish to reside out ofthe city of New York, and yet be in its vieinity, to hye bece, It is ealubrions to e, has good society, is ensy of neces d contains several churenes the I're au, Lutoh Keturme by the way, i speak d moution thet new pastors have, within the }a ear, been called tothe Presbyterian aed uch Nv med. ‘The paetor of the tormer is the 1 Mr. Oukey, who turmerly preached at frvok!, ot the lutiet, tho Kev, Mr. Alliger. There exists quite a rivalry between these twe churches, and the Duteh congiegation, not to. be outdece, Ravo recently obtained an organ, mich ie row ful in exterior, and one of the finest t sents he or letened to. A greatd ot the gra t pours forth ts attrite no emall degree to the skiltul manner ir is played by « young lady of (re village vbw musical fatent and protic variety of Churches, there ate tre schuots established hereon fur girle. The former is ander t Underdenk and Srinekerhett, be superior education tn their rest wna well qualified to in cul and bryglion etudie an vist. we other Aowers. men of emarkal le geniue, aud wonderful protcie York, wud sciences. Those who the pleowe of the fathor can casily soongniae a Me danep same talent for wit, great conv po’ hy and extensive information. As may well be ima- gined, her school is in a most flouris condition, numbering about ninety scholars, over forty of them being boarders. She has several assistants, among whom | would take occasion to name the Rev. Mr. Williamson, who is an elegant writer and a finished scholar, and adds not a little tothe high character and celebrity of Miss Adrian’s academy. Her edifice is ina contral part of the village, of large dimensions, and well adapted to the purpose for which it is used, with a large piazsa running slong, the whole front of it. with elegant pillars teaching nearly to the top of the building. n front are tastefully arranged, filled with and, altogether, presenting a aranee. ‘ curred yesterday, in connection | my, which | must not it tu ne- » the distinguished statesraan and | panied by bis son and his two Nadal and Mr. ‘Tovar, came up from | of New York expressly to pay Mise rian a visit. Jt appears that shortly after his art val in this country, he, in company with a tew of her particular friend, greatly adwiring his mili- | tary genius and noble deeds, called upon him. He was highly delighted with this mark of attention, and promised at some future period to return the compliment by a Accordingly, he yesterda: came to this village, and was received by ‘ade | rian with great warmth of feeling and bed ga The | oung laches of the academy were dressed in their Seas uttire, to whom the General was introduced, , rs expressing his great pleasure to see them ; and in | by the course of the afternoon a most sumptuous din- ner was provided for the occasion. Ile wag in most excellent spirits, and never looked heafthier and better in his life. He appeared to be charmed with the great array of beauty that met his fare, over forty blooming and interesting young ladies being seated at the dinner table with him—ever; eye fixed on the brave, gallant, but unsuccessful defender of his country’s liberty. After partaking of the rich viands that had been prepared, the General, his son, his two Spanish friends, with some | of the young ladies, went to vee the beautiful p1 vate residence of the late Mr. Judd, before alluded to. After strolling through the ¢ nt grounds, aud admiring the many beauties of that magnifi- | cert spot, the party wandered into a private bowl- | ing saloon belonging to the place, where the(ieneral played tenpins with the ladies, seeming greatly to enjoy this healthy and invigorating exercise. “But his visit here had to be short, as he was obliged to return to the city that cvening. Atthe depet, Miss Adrian and her scholars were all assembled, totake one more lock at the gallant soldicr beforo he left. As the cars were about starting, be expressed to her and the young ladies under her charge the great gratification the visit had afforded htm, and that the remembrance of the day would be among the most agreeable of his life; and off went the train, bearing with it a brave and noble character, with the sere of all that his visit had uct Leen pro- longed. wa Finding my communication becoming longerthan I expected, J will just close by mentioning another inducement to res in this village. As soon as the new track is laid—then making a double track —the cars willran from and to New York nearly every hour, It is said this will take place in about | @ month from now; and whenever it does, it re- | quires but little etration to see that the village of Jamaica mus Ll improve in population and = and wil Our Boston Corresponden Bostox, Ma . 181, Hournment of the Legislature—Resumé of Affairs ie Political Aspect of the State—The Feeling for Mr. Webster, &o., §. ‘Tao Legisiature has now been gone for a week. | They found parting ‘* such sweet sorrow” thatthey solacodthomeclyes, without distinction of party,with a couple of days’ extra pay, adjourning on the 24th, and taking pay up to the 27th, at a cost to the State of almost $1,500. The Govornor, too, has gone home, after reviewing the military. The Congres sional clectioné ure over. Things are asquict ay they possibly can bo. What better opportunity could be bad to go calmly over the ficld of politics, and see what is to be the end of the odd state of things that now exists in Massachusetis! As thie is the last time that I -hall,Lestow my tediousness on you, and your mi readers, Lintead to be liberal ia my allowance of it, and to bestow it without elint. 1 aball give what your compositors will (cursing me for that same,) call a ‘solid dig.” Thi to be mysumming up. 1] have had “a call” to enlighten the Norridgework Indians, and can't be expected to pay any more attention to mun- dane thinge. Should I escape with my scalp, (and wig) may drop you line next autumn. wooking at thirgs as they are in Massachusetts, we dnd that politics here eo, wud that what is called iy a necessary incident in the —one Which not all the opposition ica! leaders in the country would have urring. The sid of such leaders implify the matter, and to make it work ‘The majority of the people had become dis- gucted with tho wh’g ascendancy, and they kicked itover. This, more than free soilism, or any thing elee connected with nations! ities, it was thas aced the State government in the hands of and Mr. Sumner in the United All the attempts that have been © popular in get agamst the signally failed, which is a strong the correctness cfwhatis above said. The jucation, then, is, will the coalition ccutioue, and the whigs remain as they are? | Unqueeti ly, the coalition is stronger now than it has been at any period of its existence. | Governor Poutwell, somehow or other, is more po- pular now than he has been at any previ time ® hie inauguration, and the opinion is reid [oavong that he will be elected Governor in the fall, ythe people But, underneath this fair outside ebow of things, are certain matters that, duly im- proved apon oy the whigs, may perhaps lead to the defeat of the coalition, and to a whig ‘* restora- although the popular majority against whig: should be not less than fifteen thousand. Tho liar wnanner in which the legisintive constituen- cles are formed, makes mach in favor of the whiga, provided the discontented democrats chould resolve fo we ii the expediency of acting or remaining quiet is now under di jon among thom. Youre aware that our Seaators are elected by ies, on w popular baci. Of the forty meni- reat county of Middlecox—of which Mr. i 6 comprised ty a very mp Ox: 2 six. The coalitionists elected car s by about two thoursnnd majority, autumn, and there is not tho slightest chance ¢ Whigs doing anything there, alone, against so idable a power; but if the “old line demo- shall move, it will be all up there with the i Let the “old li put up a ticket, undredt vores from coalition ean- made by any t & i coun bere, the all that would party. ollow from ® hun? oven h a movement would in- * ¢ whige to ‘wake great exertions, and would lead to their vot very hea ‘Those things, cubincd, would teud to defeat coalicionist candi- dates for mombers of the House of Representatives, ny fi Middlesex towns, were Lat mal! imajoritics, or such as could respectable amount of belting. d organize io Middlecox be had in other last cleetioa, | ct succeed a nyt the exertions and belvers. ‘Toe whige would be reying cleven Senators, while the thoroughly united, could not cleet This would give to the whigs the of the Senate, and the twenty-four uld be filled by the two branches in and all would depend on the character If we suppose that the hunkers ction of three-fifths of the safely catoulate that they would nbers of the Louse. A change ) bers from coalition to whig wuld give to the latter control of the louse. Thus, the convention would consist of a ‘ity of whigs, which would Icad to the senatorial vacan sice betng filled by the choice of members of that Should no Governor be choren by the lature would clect the whig ean- 0 clect whige to the 1 ofiece toration would be comple is net an futelligent man here, of any will not admit that the whole matter i* ontrol ker democrats. As y may act . if they enp- | port the coalition, the whigs will remain ar they are; if hould not support it, then whigs, with perba ore oxtra oxertions at their own: nls, | will como back to power, and will hold it for a | docade. Eoneo the importance of the question— Wil! the hunkers belt! There is much to be said | on bot os. There aro reasons for their bol of a weighty character—in fact, of their leavia } conlition altogether; and thore are others which | urge them to be quict. near apy h of the Prosidential olection cansea many of them to he aaxiout not to have any connection with a seo- tional party. This —y ws in strength with the improved prospects of Me. Webstor for the whig nomination. e belief gains hore that Mr. Webster will be nominated, stock having fallon, like that of the South Sea Co: rear in the Inst century. Now, our hank 2 believe that Mr. Webstor is to be the whig 9 date, bat they know that the domooratio onndidate ould be cloctod over him bye arent majority. If i ars | werd, * wnd their party is te be victorious in the thom to assume a tude—to have no ponte a is, in tho public sight, stained with and to improve to the uttermost the advantage gained by them in ing the election of Mr. Sum- nor. Both as u matter of interest and as a matter of Principles they are called upon to form a distinos organization, and to break down the now do- minant, Such menas B. |’. IHallett, Va, Par- mentier, Caleb Cushing, James Russell, C. G. Groene, L. M. Parker, aud other prominent “old liners,” ure not likely to be blind to the immense advantages that would result to them from heading ovement that should touch up the connexion im sachusetts between democracy and free soilism; that is, in the event of the next national adminstrae tion being democratic, as it must be if the wi run Mr. Webster. It is sometimes said that our hunker democrats will support. Mr. Webster. Jion’t believe it. ‘They have no more idoa of sup- porting him than they have of imitating those taithful few” on Long’ island, who, at every pre sidential election, steadily support Andrew Jaoks and Daniel D. ‘Tompkins. They will do nothi tor Mr. Webster, bocause they know that he woul do nothing for them. ‘Thore is yet unother class of our democrats whe will Twobably be heard from, in opposition to the continuance of (he coalition. 1 mean all those gen- tlemen who have been disappointed in not obtain- ing office—yuite numerous enough, they and their mmediate friends, to turn the seale in some of the nicely balanced counties and towns. I know thas the public are much more inclined tolaugh at a dis- inted office-secker, than they are to listen te 18 advice; but Lalso know that the disap tment 1 a formidable element in a State ° parties are situated as they are here. A de- sire of revenge, unbounded vanity, injured interest, and bafiled ambition, these are the things which make powerful adversaries of very ordinary mea. They are to them what poison is to the dullest dagger—making its every blowmortal. Now,thore are plenty of such men here, none of them persons of considerable etrengt the political world; and, unhappily for tho coalition, there is an abundance of material for them to work upon. ‘The ooalitiom has proceeded upon the system of proscribing much all the old democrats, thus act- ar back as on the occasion of ginal nominations for the Legis- was the public beginning of the Prominenes in support of Gen. Case was sufficient to dam any man, while prominence in support of Mr. Van Buren was a mere pass to the swarm of nominations and offices. Democrats were not allowed tohave tueir own candidates on the coa- lition t s, ard yet were compelled to take what- ever free evilers were put forward. Strictly spake ing, three-fifths of those nominaldemocrats who were elected to tho House and Senate, were as mush free soilers as were the original {ree soilers themselves. the Governor early demosrats, and bag he free lug, even #0 naking the o lature, whic! whole thin Seeing how matters were going, ave the cold shoulder to the old inaself received the fraternal bug from’ tl | soilers. ‘The men who were “tabooed” by the free evilers, have beensent to Coventry by his excollenoy. ‘Thi duct has created considerable disconteat ; and it is upon this feeling that the more virulent op- ponents of the coalition will work, if opposition to at, of a democratic charactor, shall be made. ‘These two things combined—namely, hostilit; an abolition alliance, and animosity arisi rom personal disappointmente—would be quite sufficient, could they once be set in motion, to break down the esent government. If they should not take more an three thousand democratic votes from the coas jion—and, judiciously used, they would take double at number—in the counties of Middlesex, Essex, istol, Norfolk, Plymouth, franklin, Berkshire, opden, the coalition would be killedas dead as Julius Cesar; and everybody knows that he wag killed the jest of any man mentioned in Whether they can be brought to bear thus fs upon the coalition, will depend, to a considerable ex- seut, upoathe weight andcharacter of the influences that are at work in favor ofthat organization. undeniable that thecoalitionhas passed more popula lawe. Then the the State convention for the reform of the constitution; break up the coalition, and the whole thing would turn out the vilest farce that evermen engaged in; maintain it, a conrention, remodel! the constitution in accordanes with the wants of the age, and the whig party will be ueed up. These ambitious democrats see that if the coalition should be continued, thoy cam have at least one more chance at ‘the spoils,” whiok, they never can bave if it should break down. With tho masses of the democracy the impression is very powerfulthat, if they bolt from the coalition, the whigs alone will be the gainers. Perhaps, how- ever, that which makes most in behalf of the oosli- tion is tho incurable imbecility of the whig that the whig party bere can remind on aband of Bedlamites, under the direction of let compored in about equal parts of the ase aad the mule. They have vo tact, no sense, no ability te take advantage of circumstances, no skill to avail themselves of the discontentsof a respectable por= tion of their opponents, d uno restraint on their own intemperate evil ions. They are endowed with nothing but @ funatical bigotry that causes them to be actuated by a spiteful bate of overy- ig that differs in the least from themselves, & plwatiful lack of all tho essentials of a groat pes litical organization. They are now waiting to see what the discontented democrats are about to do, stcad of going to work themselves, and prevoat- 2 — - aoe ee yearn .. when the fall campaign ehall have opened, an. the part of the hunker on oe ot neceniey » to save Som nvelved inthe apparently approachi coalition. No . loubt, if the old rad should set up for themselves, the whig id bo much increased in some of the le salroady named, under the prospect of suoooes would then present iteelf. [ut to what a con mus! the onoe great whig party ef Massa- cbusetts be reduced, when it must wait upoe the action of Mr. Hallett and his friends for the oha- racter of its own course! Mr. Rentoul’s majority surprised most of us, though his election was fer some days conceded, before it had become un fait accompli. He re- ceived some whig votes, which «welled his whole cz, and partially atoned for the loss he sus- tained by the action of the hunkers. This vote not differ materially from the united votes vast by the dcumoortsand freesoilers in the second district last November, while the whig vote fell off s. Mr, Upham may be considered 8 poll tinguished. Mr. Valfrey’s dofeat, im tho fourth district, may be Itoked upon as the work of the old lime democrats, who went over i the support of hie whig opponent by hundreds, whon they found that the coalitiow democrats were from be ruin of the deruce: about andon their own candidate to support the froovuiler, But for this demerratio aid to the whigs, they would not have fared much better im the fourth district than they did in the second. It was, indeod, the certainty of this aid that caused the whigs to wake up at the last moment, and ge towok. Th cowards fight, with » sort of blind rate energy, and were the moet surpri of all partice at the result. old demoerats, to whom Mr. Palfrey's defsat, from fret to laet,is owing, who kept him out of the las Corgross, as they have provented him from taking aecatin the next, are oven more pleased than the whigs at his being thoonghly defeated. Thole conanet, indeed, groves that can do much, and that it i few energetic mea ways “ within the “cven the great it is up 6 are fast getting Websterized here, tate generally, the Scott fever having un iteclf out, leaving ite victims in a very dcondition. The Webster mon sincerclp believe that they can make their leader Presidcot, ardthoy are about to “go in and win"—if they can. Tho democrats do all that they can to om courage apecies of insanity, as they are com vined Ir. Webster would be about the ensicst of nll possible whig candidates to beat—and can't afford to have a very etrom#g whig in the achange fo the ownership he Com sonwenlth newspaper, the It is sald that it is to pass into the of a wealthy gentleman, who will confer the sditor-hip apon Mr. Palfrey. The warmth of wh has rather efended the sane « in white kid gloves, who have the leading of , and who are engaged in “inventt hore ave ruinors and cditorshiy freesci hands organ an inventi wherely gentlemen ean touch pite without defling their beautiful paws. | Coons a ap Sovannan, a.—A bout twelve o'clock yoo terday, fire waa discovered issuing from a ware- house on the Bluff, oceupied by several of our mor- chants. The slarm wae promptly given, and the firo companios repaired quickly to tho spot, but such was the progress of the flames that only @ por- on of the building wassaved. The entire loss le imated at $14,000, all of which, we learn, is covered by insurance. The building was occu by Meser®. Woodbridge, Webster & Pi the Iron Steamboat Company. ‘The loas "8 the Hartford Fire Insuravec home hy he amount of €7,000; the Hartford P; Insa- ranco Com on Oe and the London Phenix Company $2, Savannah Georgian, May 29. ‘Tre Arricax Liow Trape.—From « contly submitted to the Court of A, in A it appears that there are persons who make jar business of entching and in lions. One of these, a A of Cooma ine, Deneopee days ago, condemned to M. Herbert, oft rain —_ cto Rane one ae mn nes, for hat visiting Constantine, on the promise to ‘oll bim tw fine lions, though on his arrival it turned out tl he had eold the animals to another, a, and not been able to replace them. the coarse the dings it was stated that lions are beoom- ing very scarce in Al the of mon having ‘driven them sock Beare, (ho desert —Galignant s Dhessenger.