The New York Herald Newspaper, March 5, 1851, Page 2

~_+ , elf, Mr. McIntosh Affaire at the State Capital. OUR ALBANY CORRESPONDENCE. Atvany, Feb. 28, 1851. @Wanal Frarads— Investigating Commuttee— Roving Committees of the Legislature after the Adjowrn- meni--Va:t Amownts of Momey draw from the Treasury therefor, $e, Fe. At an early period of the last session of th gielature, Mr. Senator Guinnip offered a reso! appointing ihree members ot the Senate to inveeti- gate certain alleged charges which Madame Ru- mor had circulated, touching the course whigh had been pursued by M nissioner Cook in rela- tion to the expeni(ure of public moneys on the Chemung Cane! lution, after two or three weeks’ delay, was adopted, and two whig Senators were associated with Lim on the mvestir gating commitice consisted of two whigs, Mr. Upham and Mr. Schoonmaker, and one demosrat, Mr. Guinnip—the whigs having a mojority in that body. A dey was agreed upon to meet at the vil- lage of Jetierson, Chemun to enter upon the inquiry in relation to ct of the Com- missioner. Mr. G. proceeded thither, and precured @ lawyer end clerk to aid him; but he week for the arrival of his associates, in vain, when hee returned to his seat in the Senate. The other two members subsequently Visited the loeality, ob- tained some testimony, and reported their doings to the Senate, exoneratiog the Commissioner from the alleged charges preferred against him. The affair having thus apparently assumed a po- litical aspect, was taken up in the lower house, where the democrats held the ascendency. Mr. L. D. Smith, a member of that branch trom Oswe- go county, olfered a resolution raising a committee of five to investigate the conduct of all the Canal Commissioners. This was adoptedjand Mr. Speak- er Elderkin selected the committee, but delayed geveral days without making the announcement. Inthe mean time, the names spread among the members, when it appeared that the name of Mr. Burroughs, of Orleans, a democrat, was obnoxious -40 bis party friends, as wag also that of Mr. Dox, of Ontario, a Whig, to those of his party. As the Speaker had not announced the committee, a reso Intion was offered, that the committee should be chosen by ballot. This was supported by both parties, because each desired to preveat the ap pointment of the membersabove named. The re solution was carried, the power taken out of the Speaker’s hands, and a committee chozen by the ouse, consisting of Messrs. Smith, Cnurch and Melntosh, loco tocos, and Messrs. Towusend and Wheeler, whigs—Burroughs and Dox being pur- posely thrown off. Weill, this committee being invested with full power to sitand travel after the adjournment; to send for pereons and papers; appoint clerks, mes- sepgers and sergeant-at-arms, and also w draw wpon the treasury whenever desired, set about their mission of investigation, as soon they could erganize after the first of June. They have been a regular travelling committee, visiting every por- tion of the State where any canal work has beea in progress since it has been under the control of the whig commissioners. Their investigations closed = previous to the assembling of the present Legis- ture, two months since, when the chairman and his sergeant, arrived at the capital. From the early part of January to within a week, they have been engaged in writing out their report. “Taree or four days since, the chairman announced to his whig associates that the report was ready for Sots pergeal and signature. They have been en- ed several evenings in its re: ; and fromthe that it has not yet (to-day, ursday) been submitted to the House, it appears evident that Messrs. Towasend and Wheeler do not ap prove it, and hesitate to sign. Mr. Smith, the author of it, will nevertheless present it, if they Cqnot sign, asa spear report, signed by him- f, M and Mr. Church, comprising a meer of the committee. ‘he State is about being saddled with the pay- ment of an enormous sum of money, consequent upon the appointment of this travelling commitiee during the summer months. They are expected to barge for about one hundred and ig days service each, which, in the aggregate, will reach, if not overrun, $2,700. The travelling fees, at five cents | a mile, will reach the sum of some $300, making | the enormous sum of $3,000, besides charges tor stationery, clerk hire, and many other incideatals. The report wil] be extremely voluminous, doubt- Jese, making one thousand pages ; and as it will be absolutely useless, and perfectly worthless, the ‘State, as a matter of course, must contribute two or three thousand dollars more to have it printed and ogee in the hands of the Legis®ature and the people, in season for operation before the next elec- tion, when a Canal Commissioner is to be elected. It is seriously to be lamented that the Legisla- tur this State will, year after year, with deplor- able ex,enses before them, continue sending out travelling commitiees. The Senate also had its caravan, during the last summer, going up to Roure’s Point, Ogdenburgb, river St. Lawrence, jeke Champlain, over into the Queen’s dominions, to ascertain whether a railroad bridge ought to be built overa narrow strip of water. And in pre- senting their report, Mr. Geddes eubmitted ene view, Mr. Dart another, and Mr. Owen still another, the whole at an expense to the State of something Jese th: ve hundred dollars, and without achiev- any practical result. rh se committees, appointed to serve after the adjournment, are undoubtedly unconstitutional, un- Jees they devote their time without pay. Three hendred dollars 1s only appropriated for the pay of each member during a session, the framers of the constitution never contemplated the authorization of rambling, roving summer committees—one week at Coney Isiend, another at Saratoga, and another at Niagara, during the season of fa-hionable resort. And now, in the face of all this, and when all these faete are — the members of both branches full in the face, an honorable Senator deliberately Pw apg the appointment of a committee of that to visit every salety fund bank, every free bank, and every savings benk in the State, during the epproaching summer! The resolutioa bes not yet he adopted, but if it should be, no committee could perform the duty from the time of adjournment to the commencement of the neatses- sioo, in January, 1852. ‘These enormous evils should at once be arrested people should be made acquainted with the r and the purposes for which their public treasury becomes, year after year, heavily drained. Both parties are at fault—the political papers dare Bot expoee those unconstitutional transactioas, be: cause, if they do, as many of their owa friends as those of their enemies would become exposed to the gaze of the people. Ponder upon these things, ye servants of the people in the capitol w. Cur Baltimore Correspendence. Bactowons, March 3, 1951. ‘The Terrible Massacre in Kent Cownty—Two of | the Five still Living — Supposed Object of the Ase sassine— Desertion and Elopement, §. The horrible marsacre of the family of Mr. William Cosden, on Thursday night last, near the Georgetown Cross Roads, in Ment county, Mary~ land, some account of which you have received by | telegraph, excites great tion throughout the State, and exertions are making for the arrest of the offenders, of whom no clue has yet been ob- tained ‘ It appeare that Mr. Coeden, his wife, his sister, and a colored woman, were ail sitting around the fire, when two shots were fired, kiting Mr. Cow | den and his wife; and es the other two jumped up | Aspect of Politics 1» Massachsutts—The Charges Our Boston Correspondence. Boston Feb. 28, 1861. against Mr. Webster—Town Electrons. There 1s aot much to write about here that would interest many of your readers. The fifteenth and sixteenth ballotings for Uuited States Senator, om Wedneeday, have caused aa appreciation of Sum- ner stock, the free soilers being very well satisfied with what occurred, and now regarding the elec- tion of their favourite az certain. Some time may elapse before he will be chosen, but the opinion is almost universal that he will be elected before the rising of the legislature. That body will not prob- ably rise before the Gret of May ; and,as the demo- cratic members are becoming more and more con- viaced that they must either permit Mr. Sumner to be chosen or seo the senatorship filled by Mr. Win- throp or Edward Everett, or some other person equally obnoxious to their constituents, they will so order matters as to allow the free goilers to carry their point. | say this advisedly. Oa the last two ballottings two of the old liners yoted for Mr. Summer for the first time ; and there is a story in circulaticn that one of the most determiaed of their ing men threw a blank vote. No one here would be surprised to see Mr, Sumaer elected onthe 12th of March, on which day the next bal- loting will take place. The unfriendly xvoeption awarded to Mr. Ran- toul has hada favourable effect on Mr. Sumaer’s fortunes. Some of the old liners voted for Mr. Rentoul, orhe would not have been chosen; and as they are now told by the Jusiington Union and other metropolitan authorities, that the elec- tion of Mr. Rantoul was as dishonorable an act as wonld be that of Mr. Sumner, they think they cannot be any worse off if the terms of the bargain shall be all carried out. So you see that the illus- trious great-grandfather of tees wrk his usual want of tact, has been helping hiw foes. |i muet be admitted that he is a good practical Chris- lap. 5 The excitement growing out of the fugitive slave rescue has pretty much all died away; and the exa- minations of the arrested ‘higher Jaw” men are voted intolerable bores. The free soilers boldly assert that no jury cana be found that will coavict Mr. Wright, and the others who have been seized; but in this they are quite as likely to be taken as correct. They laugh at Mr. Hailett’s ‘moral rebuke” to Mr. Davis, which is certainly scandalous on, sbele part. The Webster and Allen affair ia Congress makes less excitement in Boston than | supposed it would. People view it according to their party predelictions, and approve or condemn Mr. Allen’s conduct according to their political sentiments. Mr. Webste: is not so popniar here as he once was. Mr. Allen is said by the Secretary of State’s friends to be actuated by personal enmity, rather than by any regard for the public good, and as he is notorious for the strength and warmth of his feelings, it is quite probable that they are right. ] have been somewhat surprised that Mr. Allen has not cared the position that Mr. Webster held toward the free soil party, from the time that Ge- neral Taylor was nominated until the nomination of Mr. Van FPuren, at Buffalo. It is well knowa here that Mr. Webster was ready, some say even anxious, to be the free soil candidate for the presi- dency; and, if | am not greatly mistaken, he had some communication with Mr. Allen on the sub- ject, through third parties. The free soil leaders, of that time, were in the habit of asserting this openly, and they say the same now. The denials promptly put forth by Mr. Haven end Mr. Greely, show that the charge against Mr. Websier, so far as it involves corruption, can not be substantiated. These gentlemen hold high officer, and it would seem that the association of their names with the affair was intended to create the impression that a spatens of official corruption existed, of which Mr. ‘ebster was reaping the benefit. There. pall ba soeay-iowe elections, in this State, on Monday, the 3d of Mareh, at which, it is said, there will ‘be attempts made to instruct members of the Legislature to vote against Mr. Sumner for senator. Cotonina. Our Oregon Correspondence. Came Lorine, near Fort Hall. Oregon, Aug. 31, 1849. Letters from Oregom— Murder of the Mail Carrter —Death by Cholera—Teams in a Mire—Cali, fornia Traims—The Prairtce—Pawnee Indians— Nature of the Indian—Uses of Crvikzation— Reflections & , $c. The great distance which separates usfrom the States, the uncertainty of the mails, andthe ha- zard of sending by express, has heretofore prevent- ed me from communicating to you an account of our journey across the plaine, from Missouri to Ore- gon. But since our regiment is firmly established in our new abode, and the terror of our arms has been made known to ell evil doers and thieving Indians, | venture to eddress you egain; premising with the fact that a bearer of letters, dispatched some days since by the (Quarter master of this post, was found, two days journey from Fort Hall, mur- dered and Saesiee muulated. This accounts for ycur not hearing from me before, this unfortunate man having letters for you. ‘ The thread of our narrative commences on Fri- day May 11, twenty miles from Old Fort Kearny. This day we travelled twelve miles, and encamped at the confluence of a small stream with the Weed in the Water. Here | Jost Lyon, a man of my com- pany, who died of the cholera. He was taken sick the day previous, while we encamped on the Mis- souri, end lived — to reach this spot, where he was buried with military honors. There is some- thing extremely impressive in the burial of a com- rade in arms, when far remote trom home, sur- rounded by countless miles of solitude and silence. No reeponee greets the ear bul the rifle’s echo— | the soldier's tarew: hot,over the graye of the de- parted. I have witnessed the din of battle, and the crash of resounding arms, and have borae to an untimely grave,amid the pomp and circumstance | of wo, many a brave spirit that has fallen in the battles Mexico, and ail unmourned; bat the death of a single soldier so, remote from all sym- pathising friends, by that scourge the cholera, which is now sweeping the continen rries with ita chill to the heart, and the rifle’s sharp crack, the requiem to his departed soul—seems to wander mournfully over every hill and dale, and to darken al] the landscape Saturday, May 12 —Travelled miles, and encamped on a considera’ " had great difficulty in croesing a creek and 7 wegon hubs in the mud ; teamsters ewearing, like “our army in Flanders,” terribly; commanding officer in a fret; quarter master in @ pickle. At lest, after an abundance of thrashing, and hooting, aod yelling, and shouting, we all got safe out of the mud, and reached camp about ten o'clock at night. Now, I wish you to understand distinctly that | we are not over fitty or sixty miles from tue Mis- souri; and if we have such troubles now, what must we expect hereafter. The sequel of this will show the folly of those old croakers that are always borrowing trouble. Sunday, May 13.—Did not march this day. Every man puts on a@ clean shir’, and looks smart Teams and swarms of California gold diggers passing continually—some with oxen, some with mules. Every mother’s son carries his rifle. Mey 16.—During this and the two sueceding deye we marched the usual distance, making about twenty-five miles a day; and now, for the | first time, struck the chores of the La Platte. It about twelve at the report, bullets were also sped at them, ani they fell, the sister dead, and the black woman dangerously wounded. They then rushed into the | house, and stabbed Mr. Cosden, who still exhibited | some signs of life. They then commenced to ran- mack the house, looking for money. On entering | one of the roome up etaire, they found the sister of Mre. Cosden lying sick in bed. One of the assas sins immediately drew a pistol, and threatened her | f she did wot tell hum e the money was | concealed. She replied that there was four dol- | Jare and a balf in her trunk, which the scoundrel recu and then placing the barrel of his pistol egainet her breas', fired) She was still alive at Hy et accounts, As was also the colored woman, and every effort was making to secure the assas- sine, eo that they might identify them before death | ensued, as no hopes are entertained of their re- | covery. The motive which led to this terrible tragedy wae the supposition that a large sum of money was in house. It eppears that there had been, on that day, an extensive sale of stock on a farm in the vieinity, the proceeds of which amounted to about 3,000, and it is su d that the aseassins mistook the farm of Mr. Cosden for that of Mr. Caleb P. Gnffith, where the asle did take place. There wee a smail white boy in the house at the time of the firing, and he fled and gave the alarm. He says the men were ai| total strangers to him, bu! he thinks he fy them About sev since, a ons and enter- Joseph Mitchell, married bout fifteen years of age, been sparked by a young eter McGevern, but bad reject eke after, Perer got in his effort to soothe lived five weeks, all Thureday last, wi di d. It was also ascertained soon after, that hie first love, the wife of Joseph Mitchell, had also yng about the same time. they had seen moving of! together with bun- die bandbox towards the Philadelphia steam- boat whart ; since which time no tidings have been m. The deserted husband is in great at the loss of his frow, and the deserted see the who has thus de- ocived amd deserted ber, 40 puniehmen: should be called the Lay Flatte, being a rapid shaliow river of immense width, and so muddy | that you cannot seeinto it one inch. The banks are extremely low—the meadows on either side as level as a house floor, till suddenly termumated by the abrupt blafle of the higher prairie. [no our pro- ress thus far, no wood is found, except upon the anks of streams, or in places naturally moist.— Often we travelled miles and miles, without a single tree or shrub to catch the eye, or ig 4 the scene withia that circle of immense vision; which, like the ocean, is bounded alone by the horizon At first the eppearance is grand and sublime, like that which one experiences on first going to sea; but, efter awhile, we begin to long for the greater | variety of hill and dale, and woody glen. True it ia, that we have the long rolling gently rising hille, like the swells of the ocean when @ calm succeeda a storm; but no glens, except small ravines, full of quickeand at the bottom, where, if sentimental lovers should retire, they might get mired in mud and rue the job On the opposite side of the river (La Platte) to our encampment lies a Pawnee villac Some months since the Pawnees abandoned their old vil- lage, which is situated above us, and located them- selves at their prevent place. They suflered terri- bly, from the want of food; many died of famine; all their cattle, mules, and horses were immolated to satisfy hunger starvation. Yet theee wrete' surrounded bya the most fertile on the globe, prefer the precarious and vagabond existence of a hunter to that of the cultivation of the soil, whereby they could get not only but wealth itself, at one-half the physical they are now driven to. Look at the immense labor it now coste them to subsist through the year Sometimes, in the epring, they make preparations for the hunt. A few acres of corn are planted, just enough to furnish yokeegg (parched co ), and the women, children, and old men are left to take chenge of it. And euch 4 taking care never beheld. They then pack their trumpervon the possibility of hunting longer, they pack up their meat to be robbed by hostile soaemney the labor of of a whole season. Thus pase their livesaway. If they are suc | grented by the Le, orses, or rather Indian jes, and strike off to the ‘South Fork of the Platte, 'a die ance of five or eix handred mites, till they come to the of the buflalo. Here they commence killi animals, and dj og the meat and skins; and when the peason is fax advanced as to precluse and and start for home,—liable rece ees on the route, and ful, they can buy whiskey enough to lie about the dirt rcs cabla floors, in a state of maudlia in- t ion, during the wiater : if otherwise, then fi ¢ stares them im the face, and they must re- sort to the most revolting food to keep soul and body together. Souls! It is sad to see the little one such wretches poesess : for if intellect, intelli- gence, and all those moral virtwes which purify, ennoble, and dignify the human character, elevate man’s being, render him a little less than the angels, are yh the essential evidences of the soul of man, then I declare openly that the Indian soul is small, indeed. And yet there are thousands in our land of light, who are spending their hua- dreds for the benefit of the poor heathen, who may better spend their money where it will do some good. tis better to sow grain ina soil where it will take root and grow,—not upon the moral desert of an Indian’sheart. A But the answer to all this is, ‘ we will teach them better ;” we will show them the superiority of civilized over savage life, so strikingly, that they will abandon the preeent mode of life, and adopt the manners and customs of Christian nations. But the tragedy of Dr. Whitman's family, is @ com- plete refutation of this doctrine. This gentlemin, graced with every virtue that can adorn a man and @ Christian, with nine of his honsehold, was murdered, in cold blood, by the Cayuse tribe, after he had labored among them ten years, in trying to instruct them in the arts of civilization, and ihe moral! precepts and duties of Christianity! Aad it is a positive matter of fact, that the Ladian popula- tion of Oregon is not half what it was thirty years ago, Thé natural depravity ef the Indian, super- induces the vices, without the virtues and benefits of civilization, ‘They see the fields cultivated by the whites, under their very noses, yielding an abundance for the sustenance of man, yet prefer to wallow in sloth, and die of famine. “They see the hardy pioneer, with nothing but his axe, raise a comfortable cabin in the space of a week, yet ee not by the example. Their miseradle uts are little better than sieves. The consequence of this want of comfotts is premature old age, sick- ness and death. Such is the Indianin thiscountiy, and to a greater or less degree, the same through- out the world. Now end then an isolated instance occurring where one hasbeen taught to read and write, only confirms the general rule. An elephant mey be taught to dance, and a hog, for aught I know, to whistle ; but all will admit, that neither the one or the other as a class would make a quali- fied musician or dancing master. Let us not seek to counteract nature, for if we do we shall surely fail. Nature hes made the Indian unfit for social or eivilized life—for moral cultuze. They must give way to those that are; and thus will be fulfilled that declaration of scripture, ‘I will give thee the heathen for an inheritance.” They have given way, they must give way, and it is a law of God as the moral governor of the Universe, that they should give place to better beings than themselves. The time 1s come, when intellect must govern the world. Mexico {must surely fall to the United States; China and all Asia to the Britisb, with the i i the whole of Afi i n of the United 3, Great ind ignorance and wretched- e orgies, with their cruel and bloody human victims; Indian tortures, and e aod infancy—tne horrid customs which nesé—sav: sacrifices o' funeral pile, and all tho abage the man to a brute, will vanish; their follow- ers be utterly exterminated, and the places that now know them shall know them no more forever. And it is perfectly right thatit should be so. The world was never made for a hunting desert, nor for the gratitpatign of savage lust and passions, but for the jevelopement of national greatness and man’s mo- ral atributes in the highest degree of perfectioa. Hence the savage must either be civilized, or sure extermination will be his fate. And i Taney right that it should be so. God decreesit, his word declares rw hows that he will carry it out. eyes once behold that day, thea give this worthy’ body to the worms. “A RirceMan. Our Halifax Correspondence. Hauirax, N. 8., Feb. 20, 1851. Britwh Colonial Movements--Threat to Shut the Gut of Canso against the Americans~Rauroad and Telegraphic Movements, §c. A movement 1s on foot in the Legislature of this province, to pass a law which shall exclude Ame- rican fishing: vessels from passing through the Gut of Canso—a narrow strait which separates the for- mer province of{Cape Breton from Nova Scotia, and leads from the Atlantic to the Gulf of St. Law- rence. Cape Breton having been re-annexed to the province of Nova Scotia, a few years since, af- ter a brief separation, it 1s now contended that this strait has ceased to be, if, indeed, it ever was, strictly speaking, a public highway for all nations, and that the local government has absolute control overit. This opinion would seem to have been entertained by the English government so late as 1842, when the Colonial Secretary, in a communi- cation to the Lieutenant Governor, unequivocally admitted that the control of this inland strait was in the Legislature of the province, and that ‘‘ no a country has the right to use or navigate that ‘ie This 18 a question of vast importance to the Ame- ricen mackerel fiehing interests, inasmuch as many hundred (an estimate gives the number at 1,200) vessels pass through Canso to and from their fish- ing ground in the Gulf, every season; and it is sup- posed that the time they thus gain is jal to one- third of the fishing season, les lessening very materially the hazards of shipwreck, the outside route around Cape Breton being, especially in the fall, extremely dangerous. This movement appears to have been intended as & means towards coercing the American govera- Ment into a concession of reciprocal free trade with this province; and the movers appear to —— that they have quite as much to offer the Yankees ~ this boon, es the Canadians have for a similar object. understand that a project is also on foot, and is likely to be caried out the ensuing season, to sta- tion a government veseel in the waters around Cape Breton, for the purpose of preventing the encroach- ments of the American fishermen upon forbidden ground, and also to put an end to the illicit trade which is carried on to a very large extent around that igland. ‘The result of Mr. Howe's mission to England, for the purpose of enlisting the aid of the British government towards building the Nova Scotia portion of the Portland and Halifax railway, is yet to be learned. The friends of the government here are generally rather hoping for than expecting that M lowe will succeed in his mission, and all par- ties ere awaiting the arrival of the Europa with intense anxiety, as itis not doubted but that she will bring a decisive reply from Earl Grey, as to the views of the home government. Such is the state of feeling in this province, at the ultimate decision of the English government upon this eub- ject, will go very far towards shaping the destin of Nova Scotia, and probably other of the Briti North American provinces In the event of a failure to raise funds in Eng- land, on a pledge of the public lands and provincial revenue, there is no doubt but thata very favoreble cherter to e pr y will be premetiy in fact, a bill having this object in view ly been presented in the popwler branch, under auspices of one of the delegates to the Portland convention, and from the expression of sentiment which that bill elicited, it is considered nearly cer‘ain that, should Mr. Howe fail in hie mission (upon which the suc- cess of the goverameat measure wholly depeada,) the charter to the private company will be granted by a unanimous vote. It is said that American capitaliets stand ready to build the railway, pro- vided the government will retire from the field and grant them a proper charter. R A proposition is now under discussion in the Legislature, for connecting Sydney and Yarmouth (the two extreme points of the province, from east to west,) with Halifax and the United States, by telegraph ; the condition being that when these lines shall have been completed, the company shall be entitled to purchase the present goverament line, hence to Amherst, at its first cost. This en- terpriee, which ie so manifestly for the general good of the whole people, meeta with the most violent opposition by a large portion of the govern- ment party, who are more eager than wise in wish- ing to retain all the patronage of every public enter- prise, however contemptible in iteelf, withia their own grasp. Doubtless, the goverament party have the power of defeating the present acheme, by coming down with a measure calculated to attain the sarne ends, but, 1 think, in no other way. It i therefore, nearly certain that another season wil see the wires strung some two hundred miles nearer to the eastern “ jumping off place” than they are now, when, it may be, you will get the European news some twenty hours earlier than you now do. Cc The Wall Street Defaication, SUPREME COTRT—IN CHAMBERS. ould be opened at ten, moreover, as the ee ary question tl matter would occupy the entire forenoon at i ht it better to adjourn to some more conve: ‘deem put of until F. nd his dispensation as moral govornor,. Grant that these, | ‘The Political Histery of New Yerk—Licut. Gevernor Broome. In our reminescences of some of the public men of this State, in the Herald of Thureday last, we mentioned that the late Lieutenant Governor Joha Broome, who was chosen on the democratic re- publican ticket with Governor Morgan Lewis, was said to have been connected with the tories of the revolution. This is presumed to have been a elan- der of his political opponents, but many of our old politicians will remember this charge made against him by the federalists, who, being constantly called tories by their democratic adversaries, were not slow toretort upon them, often, no doubt, unjustly. ‘What the circumstances were which led to this accusation against Lieutenant Governor Broome» we cannot now state, but we are happy to have it in our power to correct any false impression re- specting his political character. We have prepared the following notice of him, our attention having been called to the subject by one of the family, who very properly feels aggrieved at any imputation cast upon the memory of their distinguished relative. Hon. John Broome was born on Staten Island in 1738. His father, Samuel Broome, came from England in early life, and after his arrival mar- ried a lady named Latourette, of a Huguenot fami- ly, who were among the ancient nobility of their native country. John Broome was destined for the legal profession, and studied for a time with William Livingston, afterwards Governor of New Jersey. Not liking the study of the law, he united with an elder brother in commercial pursuits; but possessing more of the spirit of enterprise than the latter, he withdrew from the connexion, and, in business on his own gucount, acquired both repu- tation and wealth. It was during the mercantile career of Mr, Bycome that the troubles of the revolution began, ang.took a decided stand in favor of independence. In 1775 he was one of the Committee of Safety, and also one of the delegates elected by ihe people of the city of New York to the Provincial Con- gress, afterwards called ‘*the Convention of the Representatives of the State of New York.” In August, 1776, he was associated with John Jay, Gouverneur Morris, William Smith, John Moria Scott, Robert R. Livingston, William Duer, John Sloss Hobart, Robert Yates, Henry Wisner, Abra- ham Yates, Charles Dewitt, and Samuel Townsend, on a committee to prepare and report a State Con- stitution for New York. While deliberating on the subject, the Americans were driven from the city by the British troops, who took possession of Long Island, this city, and Staten Island, in 1776, and Mr. Broome was not present when the repert of the committee, after being so long delayed, was made to the convention at Kingston, in March,1777. Being thus forced from his home in this city, Mr. Broome retired with his tamily to Connecticut, and while there devoted his energy and means to annoy the commerce of England on the ocean, by fitting out privateers from different ports of New England: The great losses sustained by British merckants by the captures made by the private armed vessels of the Americans, no doubt had a powerful influence in exciting disgust toward the war in Great Britain, and inducing the sufferers to use their influence to bring it to a close. Peace being restored to his country in 1783, Mr. Broome returned with his family to this city, and was elected one of the aldermen in 1783, and the two successive years, after which he declined further eervice inthe Common Council. _In 1784, he was pepeaind chamberlain, ‘or city tréasuzer, and the following year he was’ elected President of the Chamber of Commerce; over which he continued to preside for nine successive years, when he re- signed, with the thanks of thatcorporation. The few York Insurance Company, the first incorpo- rated marine office in the State, also elected Mr. Broome their president, which office he held until ae other engagements induced him to retire from it. In 1800, Mr. Broome was elected to the Assem- bly, on the celebrated city legislative ticket, cen- cocted by Colonel Burr for his own advancement and that of Mr. Jefferson, on which were aoe the names of George Clinton, ‘ieneral Gates, Henry Rutgers, John Broome, and other ber barr pe Te- tore, gave the ascendancy to the democratic part: by the choice of Jeflerson and Burr to the first of- fices in the Union. In 1801 Mr. Broome was ap- pointed one of the commissioners in bankruptcy, under the act of 1793. ment in February following; in 1804 he was chosen Lieutenant Governor, Morgan Lewis being elected Governor on the same ticket, nominated by a large majority of the republican members of the Legisla- ture—the opposing, cendidates being Aaron Barr for governor, and Oliver Phelps for Lieutenant (io- vernor. In 1807 Mr. Broome was re-elected, being pisces at that election on the ticket with Damel D. ‘ompkins, when Governor Lewis had beea aban- Mr. Broome was the third time elected Lieutenant Governor, in April, 1810, en on the ticket with Tompkins; the federal candidates being, Jonas Platt for Governor, and Nicholas Fish for Lieu- tenant Governor. ‘The latter, who made this unsuc- cessful run-against Mr. Broome, was father of the Hon. Hamilton Fish. Mr. Broome was not destined again to take his seat as presiding officer of the Sexate, for, a short time after his late re-election to the office of Lieu- tenant Governor, it became evident, from the insir- muties of advanced age, that his life was drawing to a close. He died on the 8th of August, 1810, aged 72 years. He possessed a strong and compre- hensive mind; yet his talents were rather useful than re eene more for efficiency than dis- n all play. is public and private conduct, he was distinguiehed for practical sense, decision of character, economy in his and etrict integri- ty in the fulfilment of all The county of Broome, which was organized in 1806, while he was Lieutenant Governor, received its name from the subject of the above sketch. He was succeeded in the State office which he held at the time of hie death, by De Witt Cliaton, who was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1811. The World's Fair. Speech of the Hom. Caleb Lyom, of Lyonsdale, tn esembly, in Committee of the Whole, mm reply to Providing for the Representation of the State of New York wm the World's Industrial Exhibition, to be held iw Londom, May 1, 1851 Mr. Chairman:—I am surprised at the opposition of the Hon. and distinguished gentleman from New York to this measure, (which | had the honor to introduce,) and his facetious and witty attack pr poets ingeneral. He has given of the chamber the sowbriquet of “ poet’s corner,” as a term of reproach, aod has intimated in a Pick- i in sense, that no practical good can come . L would not think of thrusting a notice of poets and poetry upon this committee; but when assailed, a defence is not only allowed, but pardon- able. He has disparaged their influence as well as theirart. It has been truly said, by one who had studied the world and drank deeply at the foun- of human knowledge, “Let me make the songs of anation, and I care not who makes her laws. | All national lyrics are illustrations of the deepseated veneration that poetry, wedded to music, awakes in the souls of mankind. He has forgotten that David, the man after God's own heart, was a poet, and his peal € iteful odor on every Sabbath from a million of in thankegiving, | throughout Christian la thet Solomon wa poet, whose compositions are models of beauty, and whose proverbs are axioms of wisdom. Homer wes a poet, and his Iiliad, composed five hundred years before the histories of Herodotus were writ- | ten, contributed largely to mould the pub‘ic mind of Greece. Euripides 4 poet, and his glorious works shed an imperishable halo over his once happy aod beautiful, but now fallen and desolate country. Shert poems of Confucius are still extant, | showing that, asin the case of Plato, palloeseyy | and the muses walk hand in hand. Ferdousi, Sadi, Jami, and Hafiz, the poete of war and wisdom, li- | berty and love, are ail that is left of the empire of | the Samarcand—but the brightness of its best days belongs to its bards. Va ~ ‘was a poet, the immor- talizer of rural life—and Hesperides, Tempe’s Val- | ley, and Arcadia, linger with those who read him. | epeare Was a poet, whose works—a bible of the mind—are an unfailing source of human know- ge. in the words ef Johneon, “ He was not for a dey, but for all time.” To these may well be added the divine Anacreon, cotemporary of Sappho; Ovid and Catallus—the first a satirist of the Roman school, the last a rare delineator of the sunny days of childhood ; Dante and Taseo—the one a sepulchral igwus fatwus, re- | dolent ofyanother and darker existence, and the other a pious pilgrim, shedding the softened moon- | light of his genius over the sepulchre of our Lord; Vega and Camoens— whore strains etill echo over | the hills of Granada and the banke of the Guadal- | quiver—they are sung in the vineyards of Andalu- | sia and amid the mountains of Catalonia; while to | 4; Germany belongs the perpetual honor of havin; | birth to a Schiller anda Gothe. King Al- | 'd, the Saxon, was a poet—England’s Moses, and | the wisest law giver that ever eat on the fcnglish | throne. Milton was a poet—the first that de- nouneed the divinity of kings, and claimed and | vindicated the “liberty of licensed ae | and justified “the ways of God to man.” Sir | Philip Sidi Ponce de Leon, and Korner, were ‘te aad jiers, whose i has been imi- ted, but never cacelled. Busas was a poct, and publicans, who, by their votes for presidential elec- | In 1803 he was electeda | State Senater, and placed in the Council of Appoint- | doned by most of his former republican supporters. | Mr. Varnum, of New York, i favor of the bill | ‘tial convocation. | interest ta the prisone: me _Michae! was a poet—the <rehitect Peter's. joices Corneille, has crowned the laureate of the people ; his sougs have written the sacred name of Liberty upon the hearts of a nation deeper than letters were ever carved in adamant. Lamart:ne wae @ popt~ | ad and ‘palladin of the French revolutio: Spenser, Pore, Goldsmiih, Cray, Byrom, Coleridge t, Pope, Go » Gray, Byron, ridge and Wordsworth ; and her literature has also been illuminated by the Wizard of the North, who slum- bers prncetal ly beneath the broken columns of oe ary Abbey. The wrongs of Ireland are so well told by Moore that far off lands have wept with sympathy for the oppreesed dwellers on that gem of e Bea. Our own country, Mr. Chairman, has produced a few names “ that were not born to die.” A Bryant lleck have etruck the lyre of Apollo with success in this newer and better world. The first is a Druid of our grand old forests—the second has transferred to bis pege the touching eloquence of the red man who inhabited them. Poets have ever been the great civilizers of man- kind. Poets have ever been the pioneers of human freedom. To prince and peasant, in college and hall, their songs have brought social happiness or sweetest consolation. As memorials of the past, venerated; as prophecies of the future, revered, they count the tears, they tell the sorrows, they number the joys, they cherish the remembrances, and they soothe the passions, of the great brother- hood of the world. They breathe the matins over our cradles, the 7’e Dewms ef our manhood, and the vespers at our graves. Where song sleeps, pe triotism fades away, nationality declines; but where it wakes, like the strains of Memnon of old, it tells of the sunnse: of-a nation’s glory. lcrave the indulgence of the committee; but, sitting as I do at the feet of Poesy, and having lis- tened to throbbings of her harp, it is a kind ef duty that I owe to her for my exceeding reward, to utter this hunble defence of her immortal children. And 1 look upon it as one of life’s ineffable plea- sures to have pery the rosy peaks of Parnassus, though afar off. ok where you may, the purest lights that burn upon the altar of a world’s know- ledge, undarkened by error, guiding the feet of men aright in their devotion to truth, are the hal- lowed ftlamee kindled by the inspiration of song. Without further digression, | will proceed to the bill under discussion, which simply provides for the appointment of five honorary delegates to represent this State—the largest and richest of a powerful confederacy—at the World’s Fair, to beelected in the same manner as a Senator in Congrees, whose duty shall be to report to the next Legislature the result of their investigations concerning agriculture, arts, manufactures and mechanics, and who shall serve without compensation. In olden times mountains made enemies, when an igolated feudal system, supported by fraud and force, with its lords and serfs, the denizens of cas- tles, who prospered by the pillage of a paupered eomanry, till wrongs became too grievous to be orne, and the sword of chival leaped from its scabbord and nventea them. Then came the mid- dle ages, with the diplomacy of a Machiavelli, and the priestly statesmanship of a Richelieu, a Medici, a Wolsey anda Mazarin. But the day is past ‘when words were given to conceal thoughts.” Then came years of revolutionury struggles, of wars and bloodshed—a breaking up of established usages, a destroying of oppressive institutioas—a new order of things, out of which sprang an era of constitutional liberty. And in the midst of its dawning we behold a century of progress, where the useful is encouraged, the beautiful patronized, A century of steamboats, locomotives, da- guerreotypes and selograrha @ century of com- merce and inventions, by which not the few, but the many are benefitted, and as the crowning of thie of human progression we behold a novel #pectacle, a tournament of peace, where arts, not arms, are to win the goles, prizes, and we asa nation have been invited to exhibit the products of our mechanics, agriculturists, manufactures and artisans. I would not underrate the crimson laurels due to the sword and the cannon ; but it is now time that the leom, the anvil and the plough should receive their stainless honors—that labor, which has long borne * the insolence of offiee, and the spurns that patient merit of the unworthy takes,” should now meet with a brilliant recog- nition ; and the presidents, emperors, kings, sultans and princes of continents have been invited to do honor to the industry of the people. For the better purpose of presenting the useful result of this grand re-union, and making it available, the creation of these delegates is proposed—that whatever may be of utility in any department of labor, may be reported by them te be adopted by our citizens, and also by careful observation, a market may | be found for products in whose growth or manu- facture we may have the good fortune to excel. This exhibition strikes me as republican in principle, end our Empire State, whose coat of arms bears the motto ‘ Excelswor, lize that motto in the future, as it hi in being among the first to advocate and encou- rage a design whose object is the benetit and ele- vation of the toiling millions of the earth. \e The English government has expended thou- | sands of pounds sterling in raising and adorning a crystal palace in Hyde Park, of sufficient magni- | tude, built of glaes es the cheapest material, for the reception and exhibition of articles sent; and | tothe United States has been allotted for its ex- | hibitors twenty-seven thousand superficial feet, free of charge. Our goverament has considered it of sufficient importance to tit out the frigate St. Lawrence, to convey the eame, also free of expense. Ne y ten thousand feet of that space will be oc- cupied by the industrial products of citizens from | this State. Nor is action of this kind unprecedent- | d, as has been stated to the committee, for Geor- gia, South Carolina, and Massachusetts have each appointed representatives who will attend to all that may be of interest to their several States. Thus the gentleman from New York's misnamed ‘poetical and Pickwickian atiair,” has been sauc- tioned in high quarters. | The friends of this bill seek only to clothe their honorary delegates with the mogt_ honorable cre- dentials that the State can bestow, for the sole pur- pose of aflording them superior facilities for inves- tigating all things that they may deem of utility, | and for that purpose alone. The idea of service | without compensation, is looked upon as an ex'ra- ordinary feature, but by this clause of the bill Itis hoped to secure services of the highest character, from men who would scora the name of office- seeker, but who would serve for the glory, for the honor, of the enterprise. Such services are price- less. If thisis poetry, the people who are heavily taxed to support men in office, of every grade, throughout the State, would like more of it. To me iteavors very much of the poetry of patriot- jem. One word as to the general effect of this indus- Its _ glorious results cannot be ‘he gathering together of Russians, Mexicans, Turks, Per- should rea- in the past, meatured by words. Frenchmen, | sians, Brezilians, Africans, Moors, New Logland- ere, Hindoor, Americans, hanakas, Chilans, New Hollanders, Swedes, Kussians, Arabians, [’eru- | vians and Californians will destroy long cherished | prejudices and beget wisdom | One common aim—the witnessing of the fruits of hey meet with civilization from every land. It will indeed be a | millennial type of the “Peace on earth and good will to men,” that is yet to come toall the trounled nations of the world. Court of Oyer and Terminer. Before Chiet Justice Edmonds and Alde: and Delamater. ‘ancn 3.—Jurors Fined.—The Charge of Murder —William Royal wae indicted for the murder of Peter Johnson, on the 1th (October, + into the river. The prisoner pl guilty. The District Attorney said he would take up this cere after the trial of Carnel nother Charge of Murder.—Thomes Prichard was in- dicted for aL right. ting hii 20th Januat Mr Clintor District Attorney (Mr NB. Blunt) did not see why it rhould not proceed, and he intended to go on with it after the other eases. the counsel must be ready to jorrow, of prepared with an number of prisoners, from the ki return made to 4 Terminer, vis T Robbery. au THE MURDER IN DEY STREET. Henry Carnel was indicted for the murder of Charles M_ Roereau, (Ut will be ‘The Distriet Attorney, with whom was associated Mr. Henry Il. Morange opposed the lication ‘The Court eaid that the trial had been postponed be- fore for the same reaso they could not grant any fame time, saslgned Mr. of th ner forthe: Clinton Mr, Oli da. age ynsel) to joln versant with the French ; has tek ne baving come into court, and consented to interpret between the counsel and the used, Mr. Btewart's services were dispensed with then called, and challenges exer fence. Mr Chaseand Mr. Harrington by tw triers. e jones (juror) ir, id lan, hat with these views ax ‘ 7 mle excuse Mr. Day. reseed similar senti- ments, fand stated bis relugtance to sit as ® jurce where the forfeiture of life might be the result, war also excused. ‘The several jurors, if they had read of t! opinion as to the guilt or ‘The District Attorney co: not bound to answer the qu degrade the person making such an admission, ir. Clinton said the question was quite competen:, as the answer would not criminate the parties. ‘The Judge said he had freq + ay 4 that it i: degrading to a man to form an opinion of the guilt o¢ me! wer oraened for want of t Ly ~ ixteen years im {this coun ry, but could not read the English, and understood it but im- porter from the fact of the German language being always ken in his family, and his associations being principally amonget people from the same country. John J. Wickster was excused, he having sonssieu- tious scrup! strong as to render it impossible for: him to give a verdict of guilty im a capital case. Henry Pray was excused, he having been at the scene of outrage the me after the occurrence, and jormed an opinion on the matter. ‘Tho District Attorney requested Mr. Pray'to rentaic in court, as he would require his pigendance ae witness. 3 Jacob Clark was excused, he haying consclemtiour scruples. At one o’elock th were only eight jurors sworc. andas the panel] was exhausted, the Court adjourne: in order to give time for others to besummoned pe- remptorily. EVENING SESSION. On the re-assemb!ing the Court, the swearing of th ue was continued. ‘ + ‘oratio Frost was excused, he havin, scruples as te the right of capital punishment. The District Attorney, in every instance where the juror stated that he had formed an o; case, consented to his being execu inion on the , a6 he did not: desire to hav y other than a fair. just, and impar- tial jury. ‘The juror torily challs ye were:—Benja- mip Jones. ith, Will! ontrose, John G Hadden, Peter n, James Kellty, Joseph White- |, Robert Noble, Joseph Seich, James Reeves, Johr. D. Robins, Dedrick Clen, 8, B. Moore, H, W. Bad jeaux. The following are the names of the jarors sworn: — 1. Charles Mason 7. Michael McKeon 2. James Gilmore 8, John Shestellon 9. David Wyatt 10. Jarvis Gi 11. Guy R, P: 12, Thomas 8. 3, Thomas B. Harris . Edwin 8 sg ott L. Watkiss Rosseau, ani tl ‘YY some few weeks before the night of the homicide in uestion. bie tf stopped at an emigrant boarding im Carlisle street, where the prisoner alse resided. The deceased, who was s man of some means, subsequently purchased the geod will of the house iz Dey street, w he alleged murder was committed. The prisoner, onthe night of the 15th November, came to the deceased's house, in Dey street, and knocked at th ir; he was admi nd stated that he had got for one of the The prisoner was sccom- od: with a bed tor the night. The deeeased bad three bumdred dollars in gold inthe house at the time In the middle of the night ene of the sone felt himself struck with axbarp instrament. The District Atter- led the circumstances of the murder, n’s head being nearly severed from his body; and also the discovery of the prisoner im an ad- jacent area with his wrist dislocated by the fall which arrested bie fight. Louis Rosreau was sworn and examin taiet A! |, through.the medium of who acted as intetpreter. «He I am a native of Eastern Fla: any in try ; am the sonef Charles M. Rosseau, the deceased; there are three sone of deceased in this country—Charles, Louis and Adolph; we went. om our arrival, to « boardin, how ¢ fat No. 6 Carlisle street; I know the prisoner the bar; he was boarder at that house; the priso: was the only ome I knew there wh ik that led to am intimacy; I never k: my father remai: weeks, and then or six 4 before bis decease; the to board in eet; my father purchased all the appurtenances of scafé in Dey street, for which he gave $164; the prisoner was present at the time my father pald was paid in Dey street; the risoner came to Dey street three ur times after he 15th of Nov he never slept tl be left his trunk r one day, sayin, oF td Newark; he took it away again t was two daye father w: me about 10 o'clock im th to bed about 7 Delt past nine; the heuve. wes closed when the prisoner came; when he kncoked Y went tothe door. and asked who was there; the prisoner said, “ It is T;”) we told him it was too late, bat as it was he, we would let him in; my father cecupied four rooms the basement; he di (The diagram of the pess explain: My brother Charles rlept in the same bed wit me that night; the prisoner a between the two doors, in my room; my little brot the rame bed with my father; after the © the house that = id the: 4 fifty dollars, in gold and silver, and a silver ber; that silver was in the trunks which were in m where the prisoner it; the one occasion when I said [ 5 placse my br , said Ithen celled #Ut: the prisoner stood by the bed aiter he ‘het given us there blows, and when I eried out, he said, walt ‘and I will help you;” I don't recollect erely cried sos to be heard in then went into the bar room: through the bar room; u prisoner to cease if the prisoner when he laid room; when the pri- soner went out of my room I heard my father call out. “here he is; I got up, and so did my her; my father ran towards the prisoner; after the left room he tried open the street her epeak after he said “here ory towards the street onmy x out; m: from the street; { eld my f ten still come with his lantern; my father was me; be was then carried to the police sta- e war aiteady dead: when the prison: to me I recognized brother attempted to strike « Light t could pot; only one of the matotes ignited. To the Court.-I cid not ses the prisoner at an: time thet it in my father's room, mor did not . ly the District Attorney —The prigoner had shown mee knife two or three days before t 4th, ard aebed me itl could it it; Mt spring tol dawhite handle; the knife produced is the tame one Cross examined by Mr. Clinton—The prisoner war oe for ~ ig Aw) in this country. To the Heard t Pi Bot appear to be under t! did not ark the prison me to let bim stay, as $ the prisoner told me he had already passed in front of our houre that night, but did not wh to come in, ae there were too many people drinking in it. Te the Court—T about 10 minut tu y imagination wh ht to myself © euppore that m ith his koife”’’ I cannot tell how hoult th: stab vs enn quarter to 7 o’elook, the Conrt ad- n Journed to 10 o'clock next morni ‘he in Boston dart ing the Ist inst. of which 18 were of Th or Al hite owl waa recently shot in Grotom Nasr It belonged tothe kind known as the mowy owl, ang ie sarely token im that yiciaity, Ee: conscientious: