The New York Herald Newspaper, February 26, 1851, Page 1

-— rely WHOLE NO. 670t. _THE NEW YORK HERALD. °: MORNING EDITIO. “WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1851. ‘, = PRICE TWO CENTS. NEWS BY TELEGRAPH, THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. SECOND SESSION. Senate. BY MORSE’S MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH. “OFFICE CORNER OF BEAVER AND HANOVER STREELTS. Wasninaron, Feb, 26, 1351 PETITIONS, Mesers, Cuance and Have presented petitions for the ““epeal of the Fugitive Slave law. ‘Two private bills-have passed. Motions to take up various bills were debated and ort. MILITARY ASYLUM, ‘Jurrenson Davie: moved, and the bill to found a mill- tary asylum for the wounded and disabled soldiers of the United: tates was taken up; and-after being read -and slightly smeride d; wes.ordered to be engrossed. AUDITING PRINTERS’ ACCOUNTS. Mr. Boriann introduced. a joint resolution, autho- cclning the Beoretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House to audit printers’ accounts during the re- coss of Congre: gress: 't ordered. AND HARBOR BILL. Mr. Joun Da ed back the River and Harbor ‘bill without Nt ® moved, and, at ate, the Senate ook up the bili directing that all moneys cellected in California, as revenues from duties on goods imports 4 there, from the commencement of the war to Novem- ber 12, 1848, all military oMocers aud others, shull ve paid into the Treasury of the United States. and direoting such officers forthwith te svttle their ac counts from the sum collected, which is supposed t be about two millions of dollars; one hundred an seventy-five thousand dollars are allowed for the ex penses of the California Convention, and one hundre Shouse: heretofore expended by California overland emigrants. seeined, the bill, aud said all entries of rior to November 12, 1843, were nd the vessels were liable to confiscation; military authorities undertook t» collest ities for the sake of the convenience ot the It was hardly probable that the. money expended to pay the expenses of the conven- tion, and relieve the emigrants, would be received. ‘The bill proposed to allow these items, and required ‘the balance to be paid into the treasury. Mr. Gwin moved an amendment, that the exponses of the de facto government of California trom the date of whe treaty of peace until the State government went into operation. should also be allowed, and that the du- ties collected between the date of the treaty ‘November, 1849, be paid to the State of California. He entered into an argument showing that the du- ties Leng illegally collected, ana ehould be paid to Ua- Mr. Pearce replied. and said the collection of duties ‘was illegal; but if the military suthorities had not ‘usurped authority to collect duties. th ot id have been fo a lesers. Warxen, Gwin, Pearce and Ewixe continued ‘the debate, and the amendment was rejected - yeas 11, a 81. ir. Gwin moved to amend, by directing that out of mus collected from imports into California, dred thousand aollars should be appropri- ated to defray the expenses of the Btate government cup to the time of the admission of the State the policy of admittiag admitted. Mr. Ranrou1 advoc: ¢ amendment, and thought that California was entitled to receive all the revenue ou jd there, jand on this ground he would vote dor The amendment was agreed to, and the bill was or- dered to be engrossed. THE POSTAGE BILL Was then taken up, but the hour was so late that Mr. Borland desired to postpone his epeech against it. After debate the bill was postponed. The Seuste ‘then went into executive session, and soon afterwards wdjourned, to 12th BY BAIN’S ELECTRO-CHEMICAL TELEGRAPH Wasninoron, Feb, 25, 1851. RY DOCK. from the Committee on report, concluding with a reso- tution that the House approve of the course of th Gecretary of the Navy in executing the law of Ins session, authorizing the construction of a flosting dook, basin and railway, in San Francisco, and ses a0 ,ceason for further delay, by retarding the contractors ‘Measers. Dakin, Moody, Secor & Gilbert. Mr. Joxrs (dem.) of Tenn., moved to lay the rpor and resolution on the table—not carried-yeas 81, vaays 9. Mr. Toomns ¢whig.) of Ga., opposed the resolution ‘Whe report, he said, seemed to approve the course 0 the Beorstary of the Navy. but he knew that thy Secre- tary thinks that « dock for all peroene can be con- structed for half @ million of dollars, imstead cf a mil- CALIPORNT Non and a half, as now proposed = lie knew that grave charges Gre pending affecting persons conneeted with the tranractions. and oy 9s ought to suspend | action until the charges can be looked into. Mr. Branton said that the offer of the department | ‘was accepted, and the department ordered the coatract | to be drawn, and it was after this the resolution was ract had not been eport to the Com- mm the State of the Uniog Mr. Branrox replied to Mr. Toombs. vindicsting the character of the transactio: said that the diy dock in. Ni rk cost two mill ot dollare.eod would ‘act perform one tenth of the r tions of structures on the Pao! ¢ soast, costing t created The env LOMATIO APPROPRIATION BILL Among the « nents not entertal wae one offered by Mr. to indemnity Mr, Kit Mr. Grinwnt ) Of Mase , offeredan sineu loent substituting for “foreign” valuation onim- | ry ported merchandise. avd authorizing the appointment of four jsers at large ‘The Chairman, Mr. Bunt, declared the amendment out of order. Mr. Arnwun, (whig) of Mass, appealed from the de- clrion. The was sustained —ayen 01, nays 86 Mr. Srevens, (whig) of Pa , offered an amendment, chat after the fifteenth day of April t, duties Chorized to be impose ot of 1846, aball be cemed agreeably to tl articles bore in yt whenever any ons tat than is oh it isto pert or y ten por cent y and o duties oa cy kinds of iron a a daties on cert t, proposing ad- various manu. a articles Bow it fr a “*Toe somanittes then rose, and the bill was reported to the Houre. . The amendments were concurred in, and the bill pays 66. amendments to Indian appropriation Tred in the House took a recess } ot again at six o'clock, in committer Benate dment to the Poi twelve thour dol Academy bill for the ereeti: f od to make it a of New York showing th cadets for Jefendet arity for « iment was disagreed to. ittee then took up the bill appropriating millions one bundred and vighty thousand doi. talent to Mexico, a Vinrey, (whig.) favor of leaving . (Whig) of @ ed the de the arrangement for paying the mo fore. (free roll) tts, anid thas ta 14 entrust ent of this , that when o( Seoretary ’ of which was that he reovived tw. raised in Wall street, New : dollars, ork, and & Uke amount in Btate street, Boston. Me Allen be- fh were men in this Hours who have know. eved ores," them’). He trated ot ro far ed from ite parity Aas to stand ap a Gioate or pailiate che tranesetion, aod he trusted that the demooratio penny bewover divided, yet retained enough of ancient | Dec. Ist, 1860. | plenty | thie city, was burned, at two | pureb ) faith and ancient honor to inyuire into this matter’ end to put their foot of stern indignation upon it, if satisfied of the fact. (whig,) of Masa. repli }d said his colleague was the only one who dared ‘tand up and attempt to disparage deavor to defame no distingui.hed a fello ‘The honorable member has sat at his board, of his salt; did he then medit he (Mr Achmun, rt, Web: ‘ter; the world will take care of the ener, of whose own works would vindicate im He, with bis colleague, had seen ter in the Boston .4tlas, written by ® coi jent io this city, which says that a member of this House is in possession of gfacts which would convict the Secretary of State of treason and corruption, and that he was about to offer a resolution of inquiry. He (Mr.Ashmun) had the paper im hie drawer, waiti for the member to intreduce his resolution. There wan connection somewhere. He did not know who the writer is, but the writer expressed himself in words similar to those used by Mr. Allen to- nigh! ‘was conspiracy—not one man but the resolution may have been in thi charging Mr. Webster with corrup' every day he (Mr Ashmun) had been |: 0 808 WhO was bold enough to put himself in the situation of an accuser, all was silent until this late hour of the night, d near the close of thé session, and no man dared to Am jartaken But cruelly ipjnre a citizen of his own State. The mem- ber had experienced kindness at the hands of Mr. Webster more than once. He should weep for the injustice he had dons him. The arge is, that ntiemen of New York and Bost who knew Mr, Wepeter’s pecuniary inability totake the position he yw holds bave assisted him. He (Mr. Ashm un) was proud to say, that he had the honor of confidential intercourse with Mr. Webster. It was one of the richest enjoyments of his life, and he was not aware of what had been asserted and charged. If ® d nothing to say in relation to it. If so, is th wnything in it, evento the greatest extent, to which it is asserted, to detract from Mr. Webst honor. Suppose it ‘true, that im generosity and jus- tice, free traders and tariff men, merchants and me- d to make him presents. [ could so act to commend tion—is there anythio, integrity? Let the bold de- stand forth—for one I stand forth, to meet the I believe the honest amd generous hearted of thie House would meet it. Let him put his charges ima specific form. Mr. Hitiann characterized Mr. Allen's remarks as a malignant assault on the Scoretary of State, and culogised Mr. Webster's yee character as a patriot and man; and said that he stands stronger in the fections of the people than before these shaft: lovelled at him. ‘The committee rose at ten o’clock, and the Heuse adjourned Items from W. DESPATCHES FROM BRAZIL--PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE— RIVER AND HARBOR BILL--FOREIGN CONSULS MAYOR OF GEORGETOWN, ETC. Wasninoron, February 26, 1850. Important despatches have been received at the departments from Brazil, through Midshipman Thomas H. Looker, who bas just arrived. ‘The Judiciary Commities of the Senate will meet to-morrow on the President's Boston message, but nothing will probably be done. The River and Harbor bill is certain. Good progress is making with the Appropriation bills. Henry Addison was yesterday re-elected Mayor of Georgetown, The following Consuls were confirmed by the Se- nate:—David R. Diffendertfer, of Pennsylvanis, for ington, ‘d A. Hopkin Vermont, fer Parsguay, South America Carusi’s birth might ball went off in fine etyle last night, aud was brilliantly attended. Vote of Thanks to Mr. Secretary Webster. Harnisxune, Feb. 25, 1851. The following joint resolution has finally passed the Liouse of Representatives of Pennsylvania, com- mendatory of the letter of the Hon. Daniel Webster to Chevalier Huleeman: Resolved, that thanks stabli-hed Btates in lotter to Chey the governm ‘The Late Outrage at Boston, &c. Boston, February 25. In the case of Charles G. Davis, for aiding in the rescue of the fugitive slave, Shadrach, Richard H. Dane closed for the defence. He spoke of the present extraordinary of things - the preclamat f the Preeident—the rumored sending of troeps to Boston. Boston in a state of siege. &o., while ail was compara- tively quiet bere. Ile thought that the people of Massechussets, while the I as in force, would not forcibly resist it. If Massachussets was a pro- vince had no voice in passing such a it would have caused rebel here. He said that the people must reeort to discussion and the ballot-box to.cbtain its repeal. He arg t length, that the Proof was not rufficient to se} the accused. Ti District Attorney toilowe adjourned til to-morrow will be given. Parties are rallying for the election of Benato morrow. Itis thought that tl bave not been improved by recen’ cannot be elected. 1851. From Hayt. MARGE OF SMUGGLING, AGAINST THE CAPTAIN OF THE SHIP LEANDER Boston, Fob. 25, 1861, Letters from Cape Haytien, to February 7th, ressived by # firm in this city, state that the sloop of war Albany hod arrived there from H. to look into the matter of the arrest and detention in prison of the captain ofthe American brig Leander, on an unfoun: ed charge of smugglin ledged the justice of tl ogreed to pay the eum premise was bal pe, if it was not before velants de, TI ties st Cape Haytien had visited Captain on board the Albany, and were much pleased with their reception The Albany sailed om the 6th, on her re- turn to Havena. Coffee was scarce, and American provisions were ‘The Freshet tn the Hudson River—Naviga- tion Resumed. Avnawy ‘The water is about four inches deep. the stores on the pier, and {+ still ris The Oregon arrived here at seven o'clock this morn’ | ing. She encountered rome floating ioe near Pough Heavy Blow at Pittsburgh, &e, Pirrenvnam, Pew 26, 1860, A Lerrific gale parsed over this cit} yesterday, un- artening rteewers from thetr moorings. and carrying (hem with great violence sgaimet the bridge plers, and drifting ®& great distance up the river, blowing down A email break in the canal bas prevented its opening to-day. Destructive Fire at Utiea—Fourteen Horses Barned, Marshes’ livory stable, atta Fourteer hor property saved. Ori estimated at about tH nl poted to bo the wi an incondiory. Supposed Murder tn Buffalo. Burva.o, February 26, 1861. The body of a woman supposed to have bee dered, was discovered named Waters being concer is, Fob 20, 1851, There is increared activity In the market for cotton tines my last buat prices aro depressed and favor the acer The tranrac 8 for bales, inciudis NEW YORK LEGISLATURE, Senate. BY MORSE’S MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH. Axnanr, Feb, 25, 1851. PeTITIONS, Three of the Board of Assessors of the city of New York, for a law subjecting all foreign companies and manufacturing companies to taxation. MILLS REPORTED. ius reported favorably on Assembly bill, to rovide for an agent to represent the Btate of New the World's Fair, and providing for bis com- Mr. 1u8 reported adverse tg the Assembly bill to appoint five persons by t! ture to represent: the State of New York at the id's Fi without compensation, and the ate killed the bill Mr. Coox reported @ bill amending several laws re- lating to life insurance companies. UNITED STATES SENATOR. The bill providing for the election of Senator in Congress was called up.and Mesers. M Joba- sen, Schoonmaker, Geddes, Beekman, Cook. Carroll, an eee addressed the Senate, explaining their porition, Assembly. Axsanr, Feb, 25, 1851. D. ween Syracuse and falo to lay down a double track within eightes: months; to abolish tolls om she in this State ua- der & proper penalty; again: ‘edem ption of coua- try bank notes, in the citi York and Albany; to make it @ po iree citizen from this Btate compel the New York and carry out the ori- ; three, rie Railroad Company to ead provisions ot their charter; of citizens of New ork. asking that the Commissioners of Emigration may be elected in the same manner as Governors of Blackwell's Island. REPORTS. Mr. Towxsenn reported unfavorably on the bill al- lowing Notary Publics to take oaths, acknowledge- ments, &e. Mr. Buacxstone reported fe ef on the bill pro- viding for the appointment of ditional number of Commissioners of Deeds for the city ot New York. Mr. Waxenan introduced @ bill incorporating the Union Bteam Navigation Company; also a bill for an appropriation to the Institution for the Blind. the Salilnog loo, é&e. New Oxreans, Reb. 20, 1851. ane Lyrae Set ee om rgirp sailed from is port yesterday for th 166 passengers. In the case of Gen Hende Pal charged with being concerned in th intended invasion of the island of Cuba, they are, as yet, unable to em- panel a new jury. Meteorological Observations, BY MORSK’S LINK, OFFICE 16 WALL STREET. February 25—8 P. M. Burraro.—Weather clear, wind southwest, ther- mometer 34, barometer 29 70. Roctxsrer —Clear and cold, wind west, thermome- ter 36, N.—BStarlight and clear, wind west, thermome- Syracuse —Clear, and wind north, thermometer 27. Unie, Evening clear, wind west, thermemeter 31, barometer 29 920. Avsany —Cold but now, wind north, thermome- ter 30 500 ter 37, ba: and cold, wind north, thermometer 30. on , thermometer Wrirruat..—Fine evening, wind north, thermome- ter 32. y best of feeling exhibited om this occa- sion, and the company enjoyed themselves from five o'clock till tem. Senetor Houston will | the IrvingHouse this afternoon en route tor W: ington, via the railroad starting from Jersey ity. Senator Foote lett the Irving House yesterday af- ternoon. and wet accompanied to the Southern train for Washing! by a large concourse of friends. The Massacnuserrs Votuntesks ano New York Votunterns—Review ay Gexenat Hovsrow —-The Mas- sachusetts Volunteers paraded through tne city y: terday, escorted by the New York Volunteers, the lat- ter wearing glazed caps d black frocks and te, with muskets and bayonets, The Massachusetts corps wore s grey uniform and each company wae attended by sband. Both carried the tattered but glorious bich they bore triumphant through the bloody th atr Mexico It was atouching speo- iniscences of glory, not uomin- i down Broat Hotel. thi , accom panied by the Mayor Council, reviewgd the remains of eye of a warrior, an: in gallant corps wich Teodllection of com pantonshi t fail to stir the deepest ott Though they were but they seemed more precious in the sight o Houston. than a complete regiment of {i The surviving officers were present. and were dressed their upitorm, and all shook bands with the General A touching incident took place. Col. Burnett duced @ poor volunteer who had lost his Houston shook him cordially by his only hand. The deremed much affected Alter presenting arms end saluting Gen, Houston, who uncevered. the New York volunteers proceeded to fammany Hotel, where they dined with the Massachusetts men, and in the escorted them to the boat for Boston The Marrachunetts corps are a fine body of young men, and in numbers presented ® contrast to the gallant fow that are left of the New York Volunteers, Tre Brom on Mowpay Niant avo rts Errects.—Om Monday night the rain storm was tollowed by « vio- lent gale from the sorthwest. when it became ex ceedingly cold. The ferry boata were so retarded in t m ed houres were damaged York A lar, tree was ie tope Arrnay nerween two Mex—One Kriieo.— r Geer, yesterday, held it No.7 y bl ina ight ata day had quarrelied with » eof Ann Vong vat up of ¢ dispute arose in the kite! Wroeased used very ‘offensive | ° her a bad woman, a: verdict “thet y, blows inflicted by Frederick Cook, and that such blows were given in self defence.’ Grand Union Ox Tt ormginated in aire, The rr t of the house used simort destroyed, 7 the love ie ing adjoining ace ‘babi ‘Ug #tore, war con iP weeny & Bp The law office of INTERESTING STATE DOCUMENT. The Onslaught of Gen, Sam Houston on South Carolina. THE REPLY OF GENERAL JAMES HAMILTON, Boston, Feb. 22, 1851. To rue Hon. Sam Houston, or Tue Senare or tue Unirgp Srates— Srr—I have just seen in the New York Herald of the 4th inst., an article in which you have honored me and the State of my birth and allegiance, with @ notice certainly somewhat distinguished, pro- ceeding, as it does, from a gentleman who occupies the position you do before the country. I can take no exception to the inoffensive refer- ence which you make to myself; I have as little desire as you express, to enter into any personal controversy with you. Whatever may have been our former relations, they are now respectful and kind. By a tacit, and, I hope, mutual consent, we have buried the hatchet, which is sanctified in its interment by those charities which belong to th® best feelings of the human heart. Therefore, if you had confined your animadversions either to the mischief or inutulity of my invocation to the State of Virginia, (in my recent letter to Mr. Cheves) to interpose her counsels and mediation in this crisi$ in the affairs of the South, so fall of peril and anxiety, | should have been silent, and have allow- ed the letter which you addressed to your relative, to have passed for exactly az much as it was worth, without any attempt on my part to depreciate its value. But you have thought proper to assail the people of South Carolina, whom it is far more easy to abuse than to convict ot dishonor, or of a want of an enlightened and courageous loyalty to the constitution of their country. In reply to your censorial strictures, I will do better than affirm. | will prove that South Caro- lina bas done as much towards the formation, stabi- lity, and regown ot this Union, as any one of the S:ates in the whole confederacy. This, per- hape, 1s scarcely according to her the measure of Justice to which she is enutled. You may regard these words as not lighily said. | will establish them before we finish this discussion. {[ desire to indulge in no unmeaning generalities. You will permit me now, in @ summary as compendious as 1 can make it, to give you u brief recital of what South Carolina was—of what she is; and, re- curring to that philosophy which teaches by ex- perience, what she will be, if the courage, devo- on and intelligence of her sons ailord any assur- ances for the future. J fear, as retentive as your memory is known to be, that you have for- gotten something of her story, and your fervid and gushing attachment for the Union has made you 1n some degree insensible to some of the les- sons that history teaches. ‘With these preliminary remarks, permit me to recur, fora few moment, to what may best vin- dicate her from your censures. A plain narrative of facis will show what have been her services and sacrifices to this Union. ite Gen. Houston, you grew upina horse raising country, and I presume that you have some cou- fidence in blood. The people of South Carolina sprung principally from the Huguenots of France and the Cavaliers of England. They have, from that day to this, never [ost one feature of their chenshed lineage. Jn the simplicity, in the beauty and herovwm ot his character, our gallant Marion was but the counterpart of that glorious Huguenot chief, Plessis de Mornai, whom the settng stats found upon his horse, and the rising sun saluted oa the batile field. If the English portion of the early colonis's ot South Carolina retained the chivalry of the stock from which they sprung, they exchanged the poliues of their fathers under the teachings of Mikon, Hampden, and Sidney. The greatest and most gifted of her sons the American revoluuion found feshioned in the best schools of England to the ae of the high duties which that eventful crisis had imposed on the couatry. To the first Congress which assembled at Annapolis, after the passage of the Stamp Act, no colony sent a higher coatvingent of public virtwe and taleat than South Carolina. Although ahe had been dandled in the arms of the mother country, as the most favored and petted of ail the colonies, she Was among the first to strike heroically for oerty end independence. When the old colony of Massachusetts Bay and Sagadahock meditated revolutioa, where did she send her youthful, her chivalrous, and her pitied missionary, Josiah (Quincy, a s:ripling of 22 To South Carolina. Yes, old Massachuseus seat her favored son to South Carolina, to know if she would back her in stern and resolved resistance to British tyranny. It is, perhaps, a semarkable fact thaton Mr. Quincy's arrival m Charleston, where he was received with open arms, the most iafluen- tal men in the then colony met him at the house of Miles Bruwon, who was the largest merchant in Seuth Carolina, enguged in the African slave trade, than whom a@ more sterling patriot the Amencan Revolution never produced. Here, im the hospita- ble abode of this gentleman, was held the first federative conclave of rebellion. Here, South Carolina, without one interest of her own touched by the mother country, owe oppreszion to complain ol, through her chiefs threw down the gage of battle, and told young A pone to go back and tell Jobn Hancock, Samuel Adama, Jonn Adams, and the whole retinue of the patriots of Massachusetts, that South Carolina would s.and by her in the peril and the desolation of the coming storm. Let me pause for an instant, to ask what has become of the descendants of these men? They surely cannot be among thore who seek now to fire the “— of concord in this once happy Union This, Gen. Houstcn, is the first item to the credit of South Carolina ia the history of this coa- | federacy. Let us now proceed. Where did che stand in the war of the Kevolution? What were | her batties, her sacrifices, and her sufleriags ! The first victory of that Revolution was an- nounced from her own canaon—for Bunker's Hill, although a glorious struggle, was no victory. On the 25th of Siee (776, our gal Moultrie repulsed one of the best appointed British fleets that ever visited our coasts. After thisevent Seuth C: rolina resisted the whole blandishments of British diplomacy in the endeavour to win her from her alliance with the other colonies. The only reply she made (to these solicitations were made at Cam- den, the Cow pens, Eutaw, and the Hanging Rock. ‘This is the second item, General Houston, to her credit, in the history of this confederacy. She fought for independence and for uaion Atier the termination of this war, to the seccess of which she so powerfully contributed, what next wee her conduct! She went into the Convention which formed the Constitution of these United 3 more thoroughly devoted to the formation of phal Constitution than any one of the States. ‘There were no stars in the firmament of that great assembly which shone with greater brightness than those she sent. It ie @ fact beyond all dispute that her dele gation most zealously sustained every pro- vision in the Constitution calculated to strengthen the national government. This, General Houston, is the third item to the credit of South Carolina, in the history of this confe- deracy Although her public men were intimately asso- ciated with the “father of our country” in the war of the Kevolution, and shared his confidence ond esteem to an unbounded extent, yet, whea the dangers and heresies ot federalism became ma- nifest, the great body of people deserted their an- cient leader, and declared their adhesion to the principles which Virginia had announced in her celebrated manifesto of 1798, end which was sig- | nalized by the victories which Thomas Jeflerson end James Madison won in the civil history of our country. Be it remembered, too, that when she voted for Thomas Jetlerson she could have made one of the most beloved aad gifted of her sons Pre eident of these United States, by her own vote, if ehe hed consented for one moment to have com- promised her principles. This, General Houston, is the 4th item in the history of this confederacy, to the credit of South Carehna From this period to the war of 1812 her ality and loy, ity to the Union were es con- spicuous as the antiy and genius of her represen- \a:ives were resplendent in sustaining it. Although we had ecercely © seaman to be impressed, or a ship to be molested on the ocean by Great Bri ‘we went in for the national honor of the ¢ r rd gallantry, which was d No accursed bine light made “ night a —our treasury was poured into the exhausted treseury of the Union, and our tone bled on the sea, and on almost every battle- field on the lend This is the 6uh item, General Houston, in the history of this confederacy, to the credit ef South Carobna. After the termination of this war, ber loya | ped to considerable advantage. attachment to the Union continued withot abatement. Great as was her interest in free trade, she opposed a reduction of the revenue duties, as she was not desirous of breaking down the industry of the Northern States, where large investments had been made in manufaetures, un- der the encouragement and stimulus that war had afforded. Her generous concessions were con- verted into an absolute right, on the part of a heed- lees majonty, to shackle the entire industry of the country by a system of monopoly end restriction as odious as it was tyrannical. { need not recite to you the steps by which this monstrous system of injuatice at last reached its detestable maximum of prohibition, in the tariff of 1828. South Carolina, single handed, struck for the freedom of the in- dustry of the whole country. No base slanderer shall rob us of the glory of this victory. The odious tariff Was repealed, and a solemn wedge was given to the people of the South that the duties should be'hereafter levied tor revenue, and not for protection, although the latter might be in- cidentally promoted. s 4 This, General Houston, is the sixth glorious item to the credit of South Carolina, in the history of this confederacy. ae After this triumph, accorded in a spirit of so much justice and amity by a majority of both branches of Congress, South Carolina returned to the track ofher old loyalty to the Union; but, unfortunately, it was but a temporary truce. A gang of unprin- cipled demagogues, in comparison with whom Cataline and Cethagus were patriots and honest men, made the discovery that, by agitating on the subject of slavery as a question of litical power, they could summon to their aid the influence of the pulpit, and light the fires of a fanatiesm which would give thema control over the government of the Union, even if that Union was lost in the con- flagration they had kindled. Jn the darkness of this night, did South Carolina ascend the watch- tower and treacherously call out that * all was well,” when we were in the midst of this peril ? No. She met it at the threshold; she denounced the outrage, and demonstrated at once the viola- tion of that compact by which the night 18 of the slave- holding States were guaranteed. e brought into this discussion an august intellect which is now hushed in the repose of death. No man could meet the mighty argument which he eaunciated, and reason was triumphant where even prejudice. could not be subdued. I maiutain, fearless of con- tradiction, however deeply I deplore the present excitement in South Carolina, that the re-action which has taken place in the non-slaveholding States, on the subject of siarery— the scotis and shouts of execration which are lavished upon the Wilmot proviso, and all the farago of an atrocious fanaticiem—are to be attributed to the attitude which she early assumed in this controversy. The Wil- mots have fallen so low that there is no newaboy, even in the etreets of Washington, who would now do them reverence This, Gen. Houston, is the seventh item to the credit of South Carolina, in the history of this con- federacy. _ Now, as one of her sons, I think South Caro- lina should pause here. Let her rest upon her arms. She hos won honor enough. Although the violation of the great compact on the subject of slavery, stipulated and affirmed in the celebrated Missouri compromise, has been grossly and flagrantly violated in the ‘Territory of Califorma, yet it is enough that a vast majority of the people of the other Souther States have ac- qui¢sced in this wrong, te induce South Carolina to eubmit to what seems to come with something of the force of a moral necessity. Between aveng- ing an outrage of this kind, and the responsibility of precipitating the country into a civil war, [ think no prudent man would long hesitate in his election. | cannot resist the temptation of here sdeoning the language of one of the most beautiful and philosophical of modera authora, who pays, and justly saye:—‘ That in revolution in all human movements, there are certain ethicalcon- ditions, as well as prudential ones, which true men and wise men will always respect. War has its morale as well as peace; moreover, as war is of all controversies the most zfllicting, as it is that which involves innocent parties who have had no partin bringing it about, who yet may sufler the worst of its Consequence: should be the last, as it should be the most solemu, of human resolve: Ihope that my countrymen, detore they make this colemm reeolve, will bring home to their bo- rome at once the and charity of these truths. When, therefore, | invited, in u letter which | ad- dreseed to Mr. Cheves.from Texas, the interposi- tion ef Virgina, | looked to the pre-eminent proba- bility, if ehe invoked a convention of all the the em Siaics at her capital, constituted under the au- thorized forms of their respective constitutions, that @ pacific solution of the whole controversy might be achieved, or, if this was impossible—which I did not deem pre bable under any contingency—its dis- solution might be consummated without the convul- sion of a civil war, which the separate secession of one or more of the States might iaflict on the country. 1 do not ink under your rebuke, from the responsibility of recommendation. I be- lieve it to be wise, pacific and considerate. What South Carolina could not do for the want of influ- ence, Virginia Ne accomplish with great po- tency and effect. If she does not now consider her honor, and the honor of the entire South, as stuked on the good faith with which the Fugitive Slave Jaw is to be enforced inthe non-slavehold- ing States—if, on this point, she is not prepared to eavil “for the ninty-niath part of a hair’—she must have made up her mind to surrender at dis cretion to our adversaries, and certainly can find no fault with South Carolina if she advances and throws herself in the breach. I fear, General, you are not quite as good a prophet as you may be a statesman, The mk on the paper was scarcel dry on which you frogeostiosted thatthe Fugitive Slave law, hike the Halcyon, would float in peace in the good city of Boston, before a negro mob, abetted by white men, has broken inio her courts of jus- tice en# put her officers to a flight not very much resembling the retreat of the Ten Thousand of Ze- — - hope, for the peace of the country and the integ- rity of the Union, your predictions may be verified. | fear, however, that the peril of a dissolution ot the lniter will have to become far more immineat before a conviction of the necessity of executi | the law will be paramount to the present forge of public opinion, not only in Boston, but throughout the non-slaveholding States. Nor do J thiak your apology for Vermont at all more successful than | your prophecy. It lam not mistaken, you charac- | terize the annulment of the Fugitive Siave law, by the Legislature cf that State, as @ fraud or surprise | On its members, at the last hour of the session. Yet | surely it could only have been and @ majority of those actually present Phe act does not since seem to have been _— ted by public oyinion in tha e. 1 have he how- ever, a diflerent version given of the whole affair. The act, it is said, was passed when the members of the Legislature were usder the influence of an inspiration which is apt to make men more merry than wise. I must confess that [ could not well have believed that the people of Ver- mont were obnoxious te the charge that John Ran- dolph made against four country—that * we could enter for the cup, of being the most drunken nation onearth.” | thought cold water ran over the sur- face of Vermont with the copiousness with which the Nile inundates her delta, cleansing all the al- luviums of insobriety—that blue ruin and Monon- gahela had been exorcised from the limite of tae State, not as adulterated potations, but “as the devil n’’—thet Bratileborough was a moral, as well as medical Bethesda, in which some of our bard victimes, even in Texas, might be dip But that there sheuld be drunkards in euch a religious and moral community as Vermont, which at once detests ne- aro Socal aoa as | supposed, abhors whiskey with equal loathing--that a ve Assembly, under the influence of both, should have “run a muck against” the constitution of the United States, is ced passing strange. My object, General, in suggesting the interven’ on of Vij » Was that, ppg the spirit which animated her Legisla- ture in 1798, this great commonwealth should ex- portulate with Vermont on the propriety of amend- ing her principles, as well as her deplorable habits, (a phrase which the apostles of temperance have rendered so technical,) thet the Old Dominion ehould have mede her appeal from “ Philip drank to Vhilip sober,” in a language that could be sus be 3 of B0 misinterpretation have but one topie more left to con thie discussion, in which I hope | may vindicate she will stand where she does if she secedes, an { touch in contact, if not sympathy, her sister States, whether for good or for evil. But whilst I affir.a this as my belief, I am equally convinced that se will run all the hazards and perils of secession, reesion does net cease, if ehe has not a sing\e uthern State to unite with her in her action. 1 warn you of this, as one of the avowed and ed conservators of the Union. ° Jn such a crisis, if her past history should not Aesure to you the fact that she will stand ker hand, whatever may be the peril, recent events will not be without their authority in rendering Coe topo ra le shared largely t is known to you that our peo share in the opinions of the late ‘Mr alhoun, as to the unjustifiable character of the invasion of Mexico, the inexpediency of the war, and the portentous evils which the acquisition of new territory would inflict on the Country. Yet ‘Carolina, in her ha- bitual loyalty to the Union, when the honor of the country Was supposed to be at stake, sent one of the finest regiments that adorned the division of General Scott, and gave strength to his masterly movements. For the achievements of this regi- ment, I refer you to the records of a war in which ne standard was borne higher, or streamed with more glory, than its own ; yet these were, gene- rally, mere siriplings ; our grown men iu remained at home—where they will be fouad, Geueral, when an enemy lands on our shores, let him come whence he may. God forbid that the moral resources of South lina should ever be tested by what she is capable of vsti 4 against the Union, with hee physical power, however much this last may be countenanced. This day, consecrated as the anniversary of the birth of the lather of our Country, is calculated to excite far different reflections than these which belong to the strifes and struggles of thts confederacy. Yet we shall find everything in his example and precepts to rebuke injustice and op- pression, and nothing to justify submission to mant- Test wrong. We,.cannot be mide wiser or better, General Houston, than by lingering around the monument of this mighty spirit’ It rises aw far ebove the level of humanity as the pyramids of Sisostris ascended above the thirsty plains of Egypt. Its foundation, like those miracles of antiquity, seems to rest in the centre of the earth— its summit glitters in the shie: Protected by the constitution, and sustained by justice and equality among its members, I re- gard the union of the States next to the epirit of liberty, and the forms of social and civil polity re- siding in the States as the first and greatest of human arsey it But like all the blessings ac- corded by the Almighty to man, it isa subject to be estimated by reason, not to be mystified by a blind superstition that cannot perceive the evila which are undermining the very fabric itself. The time has arrived when hosannas to the Union, however vociferous, will not be considered as the best mode .of preserving it, and continued shouts of “Union! Uniwn! Union!” will be deemed as senseless and ridiculous as it would be for a publie man bet dimensions to be caught in the streets of Washington playing on that ineflable instra- ment of torture,” the Scotch bagpipes. The reign of humbug and cant 1s rapidly disap- pearing; jugglers with fools’ caps and ostrich feathers will soon find it dificult to get people to pay at the door, and I feel quite as certain that we shali survive the reign of political mountebanke, as the medical eautocracy of Swaim and Dr. Townsend. zx I believe the Union will survive all these terrifie exhibitions of empirciem, not by the administration of doses of cant or humbug, inhuitesermal or large, but by a fearless and courageous resistance to every. violation, however minute, of the great charter of our liberties. In conclusion, General, if you desire to make South Carolina as peaceful as a dove, and that ehe should return to her old loyalty te the Uniou, remit the Unicn back to an hovest interpreta of the consutution. Persvade Congress, with whom yeu have far more influence than myself, to arrest the discursion of the slave question in the halls of both f 1532, om the tarifl, and to cease making profuse und unjast donations of the public lands, or still more licen- tious appropriations out of the pubhe treasure—and my life on it, you would never hear from her one dia- sonant note of nullification, which seems to distarb your nerves as sadly, General, as the damage t ceat-gut and fry “eps did the siumber of the en- raged musician in Hogarth. In reference to the first of these topice, the North has nothing to do but to heed the admonitions ef st and most gifted of her sons. He has told his countrymen, with a wisdom and truth thatare only second to the lofiy moral courage with which he has met the present crisis, that they have no more “ to do with the institution of slavery in the South, than they have in the island of Cuba.” To follow this injunction is to give perpe- tuity to this Union. Yet this comes from a North- erm man, when, | fear, some of our Southern states men are prepared to surrender our outposia. I cannot speak of this distinguished iadividual in language of my owa—it is too feeble and power- less—I must employ that of an unknown genius, (‘stat nomints wnbra,”) on whose inteliectu level he is worthy to stand It is pot the silly apprehension of being thought a partisen of Mr. Webster “that will deter me from doing signal justice to the man who, | confess, has grown on my esteem; recorded honors shall gather sround his monument aud thicken over him; it ts a solid fabric, and wiil support the laurels that adorn it.” It is time, General, that I should have done. | have inflicted an unmercitully long epistle on your pie and, perhaps, on that of those who may less willing to bear it. I could not have very well said leas in defence of a State which you have thought proper to assault in association with my name. I wish ehe had found among her sonsa more gifted champion than myself. [here she stands, however, without fear; and, | trust, in the end, will stand without reproach. | have no ap. rehension either for her henor or her courage. if the allies of high public spirit, and the keen im- stincts of pride, which are her's by inheritance, have thrown her in advance of her confederates, I hope, as well as | believe, under their friendly counsels, she will, in the end, retire gracefully and with all the dignity thar belong to her courage, te the line that they tor the present occupy. ut, depend upon it, ehe will retire armed, and without ove single standard lowered. Sue will give the Unien peace and her devoted loyalty, uf the Usiwoa will give her justice. But whilst she will ask nothing more, she is resolved to take nothing leas. In no spirit, certainly, of hos ility, or even of um- kindnese, | subscribe myself, General, Reepectfully, Your obedient servant, J. HAMILTON, Of South Caroli Musical. Trattan Orena Howse be clored The operasearon will room tin the meantime, the benefits of the se- L} , for t literature, aod lis to bid her Heid in whieh sh propores to exert ber tal n Boston is eminently successful Virginia Whitin Giulietta on Monday n higheet honore, and Miss Whit An imprensio er friends could however, Parodi f diapersed. Th large and brilliant audience greeted the opera troupe At the Boston theatre. last eveaing Signorios Parodt ae Romeo, and Mies Whiting as Giulletta both received much applause. and were caled before the cortain at the close of each of the two first acts Just before the clore of the opera. Parodi was adected by « sudden ill. bern, and was obliged to be taken from thestage. The curtain fell, and after an apology from Mr. Walker, lady hi here ia taste iapersed Mivernese.— Tt is useless for us to enter into any comment upon the merits of this unrivalled company. their versatility of talemt is too wail knowe d handsomely appreciated by the citizens of New for this evening will be fouad best Ethiopian delineate = claim to being a far better prophet than your self :— What will be the,future position of South Carolina in this yet painfully undetermined con- troversy? I believe—perhaps because I siacerely hope it—that che will, in case no fresh aggressions are pereetated against the institutions of the South, finally defer to the wiches and feelings of the other Southern Siates, and ina manner pre-eminently to her honor abstain from an experiment so hazard- ous #8 separate and insulated secession would un- questionably be I believe this must be her course, because it is Consistent with a policy at once enlightened, con- tiderate, and bumal id with the confedera' other Southern Stat for she cannot, in the phy- sical and more! geography of our country, by ee cession, alter her territorial position. She canset push herself out of this “ visible diurnal sphore;” & variety of the beat and Instrumental pertormences. Fricows’ Mivernene. The lovers of Ni instreley can bere enjoy @ feast of fun. combin: ba rooal and instrumentalentertaioment, seldom offered, Their fongs are rendered with sweetness, and their inetra- mental jances are exrouted with great harmo- ny. With eueh attraction, Feliow.’ hail must cer tainly be crowded Tue Doctons —Those eminent planiste started yea. terday for their grand tour through the United and intend to give concerts in Philadeiphia a: first, *¥, NO doubt, will obtain the heat enocess Jenny Lind Is expected at Pitteburgh about the last Bt. Louie Cireait Cor a of 919 oon ree fon the 8th insont, tn tover of A. D. Higgins, on — J B Brant, tor false imprisonment during year 1844.