The New York Herald Newspaper, December 20, 1850, Page 1

_ “NEWS BY TEL PH. _N BGRA AFFAIRS IN CONGRESS. ‘3HE CHEAP POSTAGH BILL. ‘The South Carolina Legislature and a “Southern Convention. 4aTEMS FROM ALL SECTIONS, Ben, de, Ke. From Washington, WHE NAVAL COURT MARTIAL—THE POSTAGE BIT.L— @REAT MAIL ROBBERY, ETC. Wasnivoron, Deo. 19, 1850. a ‘The Naval Court Martial was proceeded with to-day, and the examination of Purser Wilson was continued. It is understood that the postage debate will close meat Tuesdsy. and that a vigorous effort will follow for -the consideration of the barbor bill We learn that some $6,000 in $10 and $20 noteson ‘the Merchants’ Bank, South Carolina, have been stolen ‘Zrom the mails. The bills wore dated September 9th, «and were the only ones of that date issued by the bank. ‘The territorial appointments for New Mexico will be ‘Bent to the Senate early next week. They are not all yet agreed upon, A strong Scott party is organizing among the Whigs For the next Presidential election. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION. Senate, Wasiinorex, Deo. 19, 1850. PRELIMINARY BUSINESS, ‘Mr. Benastiax, of Arkansas, appeared and took his peat. After the presentation of petitions and reports, Mr. Dovoras asked, and on motion, was excused from serv- 4ng on the Committee on Foreign Relations. THE CIRCUIT COURTS IN PENNAYLVANIA. Mr. Davron introduced a bill to change the time for holding the Ciroult Courts in the astern and Wes- “bern Districts of Pennsylvania. : MISCELLANEOUS. Motions to take up several bills were made and lost. Mr. Bancen's motionto amend the rules by direot- yg that several classes of communications and docu- ments shall be printed, was taken up and agreed to. BINDING MILITARY RECONNOISANCE - A resolution reported yeaterday trom the Committee €n printing, in favor of binding some reports of mili- tary reconnoisances in a manner superior to the ordi- ‘mance binding of the Senate, was taken up and after debate, the whole subject was laid on the table. ® por giee ISNOTALS FROM O9FICR ir, Branson resolution respecting removals from office, cam: ip order, and ais Mr. Bricur who had the floor, being absent, the sub- ject was postponed till to-morrow. TO PROMOTE THE PROGHESY OF ARTA. ‘The dill to amend act to promote the progress of ‘Useful arts, was tak: Ls ‘The bill was amenied largely at the last session by “Che Benate. and then re-committed to the Committee on ‘distinctions. "At tne proper time he inctione. At the e wubstitute for the bill pitt i _— that a iu were as co! t “patent cases as they were to try m hall bis death was occasioned bed ts or men of selence to give v and @bali be entitled to a scire facies, to be served om the tee, to show the validity of his patent. Mr. Jerrenson Davis replied. te show that the court Of jaw were pot the best qualiied to try patent eases on the same evidence. and cited the authority of Judes Kano. of Philadelphia, to sustain him. ‘Rot think Congress was the best constituted be hd aw} laws. Tunney 3 Mr. Srwann cald be understood tho amendment now Pending was to the effect that, when & patentee should ene any one for infringement of his patent, the de- tt might sue out evire feoies, to try the validity the mnt: and that the original suit should be ayed till the se faciag Wa tried. In either one, ‘the validity of patents wee involved, and would be tried; and he could see no justice in making the patentee the defendant, fastrod of plaintiff. Instead of th mber of suite being decressed, they would be doubled; for every defendent, when rued, could have de writ of scire facios. If the Cirenit Court to one district were to decide for or egainst the validity of ent, that judgment would not be conclusive or iu other districts. as bet wewn other parties on the come nt right. Iie was opposed to the bill, aad Boped ‘another would be introduced ir. Toaxey réjoined. and the amrndment was agreed be ff Tenney offered an amendment, making certified copies of specifications, granted in foreign countries, reocivable in evidence on trial of all cares for infringe- ment.— Agreed t ur Taeneen (a s offered a substitute for the bill.— Lat t ° . 4 that. when the Benate adjourn, nday —Carried Yeas, 20; mays, 18, House of Representatives, BY BAIN’S BLECTRO-CURMICAL TELEGRAPH. Waserimorow, Deo. 19, 1850. DELFCATE FROM NEW MeEKICO. ‘Mr. Boyd asked the unanimous consent of the House 46 introduce, from the Committee on Territories, joint resolation admitting W. 8. Messcroy to a seat as Dele- gate from New Mexico, Objection was made. The House went into Committee of the Whole on ‘the State of the Union, o7 THE CHRAP POSTAGE PILL. Mr. Tromrson, (dem.) of Penaryivania, advocated qaewrpapers ciroulating within the counties where pab- dished free, out of the county, aud in the State halt dent, ent ef the State one cent, (rausient papers two ope cent. ty on (dem ) of Louleiana, raid not aeingle ar qument bad bren advanced to induce him to favor the redo ot age Gentlemen had endeavored to show thet the reduction would enlarge the revent Now, to test their sincerity, he hen yk ove to stril out the a) Sno ay ota million bee. ‘earagement of the local press, if the elt % terial, let the people have it. Br the press, wiidin the raat ten years, has ayd uniers there be reformation in the better. ba Ag Arges of Ob! advocated thr ot oent postage, giving notice that he shoul an smendment, to abelieh pr ‘the ccumty where published. He was opposed to the jegr. ostege On ne or on of the frankiag ting Hag between bott Decause it afforded @ conn d thelr constitaente, tatiewgem ) of Maryland, contended that « Molgnt to begin with duction might be the Post this aes He eho that the gr ing Office Department was owing to the reduc letting contracts, and srrued thet an inore tere would fmerease rather than diminish the cost of THE NEW YORK HERALD. favor of reducing the size of newspapers to be cirou- lated in the counties of th oir prblication, to 1,200 Without conclu Mr sues ore meine that the committee rise. which ‘The House then adjourned. The South Carolina Leg:slature—Eleetion of United States Senator. Corumsia, 8 C.. Deo. 18, 1850. ‘The Legislature have passed « bill almost unani- mouzly, to elect delegates to.a Southern Congress by the people, in October next ; and also, to elect mem- ders tos Btate Convention in February next, and to meet again on the call of the Governor, if he should deem it necessary before the next session of the Legislature. R. B. Rhett was eleeted United States Senator to- day by a large majority over Hamilton. Great appropriations have been made for defence against the aggressions of the abolitionists. Atnany, December 19, 1850. The Hon. Washington Hunt, Governor el-ct, having resigned his office as Comptroller, the Hon. Philo 0. Fuller took the oath of office to day, and entered upon the discharge of his duties. Mr. Hunt entertained his friends last evening at Congress Hall. Among them were the chiet deputies, to the different part. Mr. Fuller, the now d introduced to his new ments of the State gove: comptroller, was present aj From the Southwest. EXECUTION FOR NURDER— DEGTRUCTIVE FIRE—NAVI- @ATION OF THL MISSISSIPPI, ETC Lovisviite, Deo. 18, 1850. James Gallagher was hung at 8t Louis on Friday, forthe nurder of Mary Crosby. Gallagher protested his innocence to the Ipst, and declared that he had been falsely sworn against. Te said he died fanocent as@ lamb, and happy asa raint. ‘The warehouse of Mersrs. Nock & Rawson wae de- stroyed by fire at 4 o'clock this m 90 bales cotton were lost. The amount of the d: mage isnot yet ascertained, but the property was insured for $8 000. Navigation is again free between 8t. Louis and Cairo, The Cholera—Iee in the Mississippi. Barrimone, Dec. 19, 1860. The Louisville papers announce a contiderable n ber of deaths from cholera, on steamboats from N. Orleans. The N.O. Picayune of the 12th inst., says the cho- wai ee ‘e without fonndation, and that the city ie excellent. from St. Louis, dated the 17th inst., says that the Missiavippi river is full of ice, and that navi- gation is consequently suspended. Ohio Legisinture, Corumaus, Deo. 19, 1850, The House has indirrotly decided against the right of the Legislature to instruct Senators and Represen- tatives in Congress, by indefinitely postponing the re- solution of instructions relative to the cheap Pi bill. It is understood that no United States Senator will be elected at this session of the Legislature, The Indiana Conventioa, Invianaroris, Deo, 19, 1850, The Indiana State Convention has reconsidered the section securing the right to married women to hold Property. The question is again open. Mr. Miller, M. C, from lowa—John P. Hale. Prrtsnunon, Deo. 19, 1860. The Hen. Daniel F. Miller, whig Representative from ho has been dangerously ill eet, has recovered. 4 "8. Senator from New Hampshire, h Pittsburgh, on the 18th on nati, wher bw designs delivering an ad- drees at the New Engiand Festivel ‘The Recent Explosion at New Orleans: New Oceans, Deo, 18, 1850. It bas been ascertained that about twenty persons were killed and wounded by the explosion of the steamer Knoxville, Sbe burst her four boilers, one of which was thrown « @letance of nearly 100 yards, and another lodved tn ‘The steamer Ne Pius Ultra, Yeaman, was consider- abiy damaged by the effects of the explosion. Rocnesten, December 19, 1850. ‘The schooner Malta, ot and for Presque Isle, left Oswego on Monday evening Ia:t and ran ashore three miles weet of the mouth of the Genesee river. The ——— onee on [mee morning. She had a cargo 0 on of plaster. dry goods, groceries, ke. a tion of which has been saved The erew were teken ff, but the veerel is complete wreck. No insurance. The Weather and Travetling West, &c. THE WEATHER AT ALBANY~NANK STOCK SALES, &e. Avnany, Dee 19-P M We have had « now storm trom the north. and the thermometer now stands at 16 to 18 degrees, The Hovsetonic train arrived at = quarter before six o'clock. The Werteru mail train. due at 3P.M. ar- rived between six seven. Nothing had been heard cf the express tra five o'clock were made here, to-day, of the new stock of York State Bank (whose charter had expired, but will go into operation on the first of January, jer the general |i at lla 12 of $10,000 of th: Dersanen —We have in typo the proceedings in se- yeral courts, and a variety of other load reading, which the want of space compris us te defer publish- ing. Tie Ant Usiow.—The distribotion of one thousand additional works of art. takes ploce to-night. at Tripler Mel If one bas not al yy sabeerihed, | or he muy regret t 1 paintings and engravings P ly way to secure the most inte- resting series cf pi ts ever published in is to subseribe before T: a0) jer Hall opens this even Usior Wire Mreriso—Srconn Wano.—Thia moet- ing is adjourned till to morrow evening, as will be seen by reference to the advertivem Artemrren Svierpe —Vesterday afterneon, at four pang A South Ferry boat was crossing tl om wd one Passengers, ® youve mam. attem to rhoot himeelf . pistol ond then jamped into the water, Me was resound from wning, an physician was ealled in, who attended to his woun and pronounced them not to be 1 ‘Tre Bropenick Granny Bart is to come off at Tripler Hall, on the 4th of February next, in honor of Day . Broderick, recently elected to the Califoruia State Mansiaor isa Sta Hover. —Willlam Bruce, of New York, was marric Wednorday night, at helf ten o'clock, at the First ward rtation houg, by iderman Griffin, to Mies Eliza Dururtt. a native of Epvgiand. Tree Gran ter ie Lert Oren \. Mr. N. OD, . — We have received @ #0 4. leh hy a i Ye aa to thy ber opporite to the grating was left open. Lt te Bot he bil, bub S18; he main tho inlataxe trom the darkress of the night +ld way, He adds that one of the gratings oppor 0 ir, in lett pen nearly ball way. at the present A Newnen or Fr The following fires osourred yesterday and the before — Yesterday afternoon, at two o'olook, # fire was disoo- vered at J.D Lngersoll's wholesale hat and shoe os tablichment, in Pearl street, opposite Piatt street. The lower part of the building is coonpled by ALR. Van Neat & Co., wholreaie eaddie and harness dealers, The fire broke ont in the sixth story, among some empty doxes, and no cause can be aveigned for it. except an aot of incendiariem. It was quickly extinguished by the firemen, The roof was damaged, but the rest of reneportation ; Mr. Bowrn. (whig) of Md., opposed the reducti ot tage, Decavee & Mmilllon wid @ halt of dollars were Tobe taken from the treasury, at atime whew the contional debt ia feventy millions, to make up the dy in the soeee, n., was willing to go as tet as d that peo He fe cents on letters. N. ¥., contended for two prediction was mate in 1844 instead of the beilding not at all. The damage by water wat trifling, Captain Leonard, of the Second ward police and yere provent At ‘elook yesterday morning, ® fire broke outia the third story of Rider's hat, oap aad fur store, No, 104 Water i treet. The upper part of the building was occupied by Hafferty & Mrother, cork mouulscturers. ‘The damage by fire was not great. bul by water it was pretty conriderable Nearly all the gvods were re. moved by the police. At 4o’olock yerterday morning. Oe eta makin Manufactory. A two story frame building, on rear o Jot on Forty-fourth pet A between Kigath and Nioth avenues, war destroyed by fire, together with ite con- tente, comprising etock unmade, manufactured artt. cles and teole "The two atory frame dwell in front wae tially destroyed. [t was owned and oooa- aleo pied by Me Henry Neck. The sdjninieg buildings were raved timely exertions of the firemen, who were the rpot. A Gre broke out on Wednerday evening. in the fancy store ne street, occasioned by the acet- cotton batts, The proprietor, endeavors to extinguish the severely burned. The "an ae half past Yolock yesterda: ats ‘trom. 'the beat ot & formece; but by the errival of the Righth w: police it was arrested before much damage was as | This would not repair the loss 6 ‘The Georgia Convention and the Union, The following is the report and resolutions of the Georgia Convention, called at Milleageville, in view of the passage of the Compromise measures of the recent session of Congress. The conven- tion adjourned on the Mth instant. The committee uppointed to prepare and report for the consideration of the coavention, action ap- propriate to the occasion on which they have as- semblea, having carefully considered the papers referred to them, and freely interchanged opinions, respectfully submit the following 2 REPORT. The people of Georgia, responding to a procla- mation of their chief tmugiatrete, h = met Incon. vention for the immediate purpose of deliberate upon a law enacted by the Congress of the Unite States, entitled * An act for the admission of Cali- fornia into the Union.” Were the acuon of this body limited to the consideration of that act, its duty would be easily discharged. But a more ex- tended eurvey of Congressional legislation, and of our federal position, is not only allowable, but necessary to a just conclusion. We regard the act under consideration as one in a series of mea- sures, each capable of an independent existence, but ail directly or indirectly affecting the institution of slavery ; each deriving from that circumstance its cardinal interest, and all, im a crisiw of fearful imeett, connected in a scheme of pacific adjust ment. Two of the acts in the series had for their ob- ject the organization of territorial goveraments for | he of the vast domain reeently acquired from lexico. With them the slavery question became connected by two opposite movements, the one ing to prohibit, the other to establiah, slavery in those territories by express enactment, the ad- Vocates of these extreme measures being alike re- luctant to leave the result dependent upoa the fu- ture aijudication of the courts. A distiact phase of the subject was presented by the application of the people inhabiting one of those territories to be dmitted iato the Union as a State, under a con- stitution formed by themselves, in which, for themselves, they had assumed the settlement of the slavery question. The acquisition of this ter- agg moreover, had involved the government of the United States ia 4 controversy of boundary, e-exisiing between Mexico and the State of ‘exus, with Which elso the slavery question was unhappily complicated Thus tar, it will be per- ceived, no one of the pending measures was Wan- tonly or gratuitously obtruded aon the national Legislature for the purposes of agitation. They resulted inevitably from antecedeut measures, in which both the North aud the South were parti- cipant. But the difficulties that embarrassed the action of Congress are not yet all told. Just at this eriti- cal juncture, certain representatives from the non- slaveholding States, impelied partly by appeals from the inhubitants of the District of Jolumbia, and partly by the promptings of their immediate constituents, pressed with increared urgency the Suppression of the slave trade in the Distriet. ‘To this was superadded the proposition, fraught with far greater excitement, to abolish slavery in the District. Furthermore, the people of the South, justiy excited by the faithless and long continued deniul of their coustitutional right to the extradi- tion of fugitive slaves, demanded additional and efficient legislation upoa this vital subject. This bnef but trathful statement of the many Momentous issues, all surcharged with this oue peculiarly exciting elemeat, and crowded into a see sexsion of Congress, and a bare reference to ¢ ulartung agitation Which, springiog up ia pro- tracted debate, extended beyond the hatis ot legis lation, and pervaded the public mitad, will serve to indicate the peni of the day, and to suggest that the only escape was in that spirit ot mutual con- cessioa which gave birth to the constitution, and which in tines past bad adjusted more than vae controversy threatening dissolution. It is not proposed, at this time, to reopen the exhausted argument, upon the merits of these questions, severally or collectively. The result is, that paitizans occupying extreme loc! positions in the country, and holding diametrically opposite | opinions upon the slavery quesiion, in all hove vied with each other in clamorous deouncia- Uon of the settlement. It may well be doubted whether, upon tire broud te THOFy ct they, ined there awells an intelbgeat ctwen whose judgment epproves every part of each link in this extended of adjustment. Georgia, at least, fads in Mt mater for objection dad mutter for upprovai. But such is likewite her opinion of our fede ral and State coustituuo: £0 is she accustom: | ed to judge of the leading measures ot every Congtese, and every general Assembly, es each, in its turn, Indors the difficult problem of per fectng human goveroment, through the insrra- mentality of impertect sad conflicting human reason. Ic is not on this, more than om auy other occasion, the part of wisdom, or of tivtiem, to subject legislative acts, under review, to the rigid test of yielding either the fall mea- sure of right, or ihe futi fraition of anticipated benefit. The practical questions presented for | ideration are these :—May Georgia, consist- with her honor, abide by the general consis } ently | echeme of pacification ! If she may, then doce her | interest he 1a adherence t | brief reference to « few fi | will furnish an affirmative answer to the first and most interesting inquiry. The people of Georgia were fully apprived that these great issues were | rome op ween the netional legisiature.. Their Geueial Assembly, being ia session, and assuring to represent their opmions, took them inio censide- | Tation—gave a distiact expression of their views, and virtually required of the Congr the United Staics conformity to those views. Nit merous primary assemblies of the people, passed Upon the sume questions, stillia eavance of the action of Cougress, aud wh let, in many of these, the requisitions of the Generel Assembly were quae lified, in none, (it is believed) were they enlarged There movemenis belong to tae history of the eoa- troversy, and Were intended to exert am ieilvence atthe cepitel. Whether atunbutab!e in any degree to that influence or not, the result has beea strict confornuty to the line of policy thus indicated save in one instance. That one is the edinis-ion of Ca- lifornia into the Uniou. Upon the ¢ this measure, separately coasidered, gia ere, ia rome measure, divid upon the graver stion of 18 Coustitutioaality, still more so. Surely, then, respect for the opa- ions of the other perry to the controversy, who have so largely conformed to our views, a proper allowance for disagreement among ourselves va the latter branch of Usis question, will eaadle even thore who bold the act expedient and unconst- tutional, to abide by it bonorable and graceiully. The proposition, that, weighed ia the scale of interest, the preponderance ig vasily on the sig non-resistence, is too plain for atgument. Th act being ia i's potore ble of repenl, t only competent 1 of Teswtance 13 s« cession ined, viz: de- | privation of the right to introduce slavery into Cal- Morvia. But it woole ct Georgia, first, to the Additional Joes of ail she has rained by the echeme | to the confederacy Of adjustment, ¢. g., the provision made fi teclemation of fugitive ela would annthilate, foreve eign end domess It may not be overlooked, that, from ihe pew issues presented by the Jaie territorial acquisitions, the position of the South vpon the Congressional recerd, is better this day, than ever befor Georgia, then, will abide by the recent action of Congrees, hetein before referred to, in hopefa! re= non-slavenolding and faithful ad- ourse ehe limnoe that the people of the States will yield nequiesenee in herence to, thet entire netion. To this o is impelled by an earnest desire American Union, and to rest Pp harmony upon whieh its value to herself, confederates, and to mankind, essentially depends. Here, if a sense of duty permitted, we would gtadly pause ; but the signs of the times in more extended review of our federal and toa more distinct avowal of the occupy. The country requires repose. ly va, are all cone+rsions that fail to terminate this sectional controversy. Through our Repre- | sentatives in the halle of Congress, we have long | combatted the eggressive apirit of Representatives | of the nomslaveholding States. Dut the sources | of this turbid stream lie beyond; they are to be found in the midst of their several constitaencies. We deem thie an appropriete occasion for the so- vere'gn people of Georgia to commune with the sovereign people of thore Stetes. We wonld ad- dress to them the language of calm and frank re- monetrence, rather than of defiance or menace. We would recall them to the faithfu! discharge of their dnty, as confederates, by an appeal to their resvon and their moral eense. ‘We would premise a few suggestions to the o~ ponents of eave which tinte does not permit us to elaborate, avery Was introduced into this country by the ente e of Old Ey md and New England. It was maintained in the latter during the days of her greatest parity, when the spirit of an austere od uncom ising religious faith not only regulated social intercourse, but controlled the operations of government. It wasdiscontiaued only When experience had proven ite want of adap | reclamation of fogitive slaves MORNING EDITION----FRIDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1850. _ tation to the soil and climate. It has been retained | aie mee Fe ae of the ie of our soil climate to its employment. Under its auspices the negro has been secured, beyond contingency, in the enjoyment of physical comforts unknown to his trane-Atlantic ancestors, and elevated in the scale of being. Let any man who questions the truth of this assertion, go to Liberia and compare the negro trained under the influences of slavery with the negro of the game generation reared in his native barbarism. The Southern slave, unin- fluenced by the promptings of mischievous inter- meddlers, is sincerely attached to his owner, and happy in the condition ossigned him by an all-wise Providence. Femiliarity with the practical ope- rations of the institution would satisfy any ingenu- ous mind that these things are so. But apart from this abstract view, the South is em- titled to absolute security and quiet on this subject. The constitution of the United States is, in its terms, a bond of political union between separate sovereivpties, and involves a high moral obliga- tion. The latter is, indeed, the seal and sanction of the former. The Southern States, upon tering into this compact, brought with them part of their social system—as the substratum of their indostriel pursvits—the institution of elavery, apd the Northern States, by the compact recog- nized its existence, and guarantied i's secure en- joyment. Beyond the obligation thus created, the joe of thoee States have no more concern with it than have the subjects of the British crown. The framers of the constitution declared, in limine, the purposes to be accomplished by it ia the fol lowing terms:—* We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, estab- lsh justice, ensure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general weifare and eecure the blessings of liberty to ourseives and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constita- tien for the United States of America.” The peo- ple of each State, becoming a party to that instru- mewt, are entitled to ‘all the benefits therein dis- tinedy enumerated, and are under the most solemn obligations to a from ail practices ingonsis- tent their enjoyment by the other parties. “It is nominated inthe bond,” that the people of no one State shail disturb the “ domestic tranquility” of any other. Georgia lays open the volume of her history, and proudiy challenges her contede- retes to the ad‘uction of « single incident violative of this obligation. She does more. In all kiad- hess compatible with the assertion of right, she bergen u the nowslaveholding States infi- delity to this stipulation in the compact. She instances’ the existence within their borders of organized societies, avowedly devoted to the an- ietion ef an institution inwrowght with the work of her social system, end in no way ene 5 modifying or eflecting their own—societies em ploying miseior 8 and eubsidizing the pres: to propegate their cestructive doctrines, and even to excite, Within her owa himits, a spirit of disaffec- tion among her citizens and of insubordination among her slaves—societies which have boidly entered the pelitical arena, seized upon the balance of power, end obtruded their fanaticism into the halls of our federal legislature. There, measures of hostility are incessantly proposed and discussed, to the interruption of the legitimate business of legielation ; nciations by day uttered egainst slavery end slave holdere—ayainst confede- rates and their institutions. In this state of things, the remedy to be applied by those States is appa- rent. It wus foreshadowed in the able and patriotic messages proceeding from the executive to the legislative department of the State ot New York, in the year 1536. Itis by the active interposition of a conservative publ ion, end if that he in- eufficient, then by le; enactment. If the onward movement Of (his inane crusade is ever to be stayed, it is time that measures of resistance be put in progress there Desiring to be distinctly understood, order that iucalevlable evils may be arrested, by a timely return to the carly poliey of the country, we rest Dot this remonstrance upon generelities. “Cue prace tice) reeults airned at by these agitstors, are:—First, aboliiion of slavery m the District of Columbia Maryland never would have ceded a part of her territory, nor traveferted the iedicuon © portion of her citizens, had she enpposed their fo- cial system would be revolutionized inst their will, aad a Seate Cares « ae ery dine 3 ort of erntory, materially variant from, and hosijle pn eb wid therefure, CADMIL ¥s consummated without bod faith to her, and to Virgmia, whose territory is co- in the dete rrined resistance of which, they are entitled to the cooperstion of their Southera confede- retes, Secopdly, thes kindred meosure, sometimes PRICE TWO CENTS. — the South will yoocgaize as brethren its true de- | bottling business; I first went to Niles’ busl- fenders at the North. ness three or four years ago; my Dusiness wet tes But let them give heed to the warning voice of | was the ordinary business which @ client takes tee one of the Old Thirteen. She would say to them, | !*¥Jer; there were no other or more intimate rela- “Be not deceived—the destiny of the Union is in tions exist! Uyaned us; he did hot take me into his your hands. Awake from your fatal dream of se- pag oy ~ Pea o pointe tpoduoed in his di- . In the integrity Gy eed patriotism, and the | rect examination. ” pos of united action, up this dis- Caleb D. Giidersleeve sworn—I ama broker; was se eee zing heresy. Assemble in the venerated | in A: , 1849 I know Geo W. Niles and Nathaniel hall wherein your forefathers and our forefathers | W. I sawthem together about August or SSerereeaee commen cos mee oe | Sxterse, Sh bec tee, eres mag tates Gare com the reprouch of mau | Se Ae awed fr sb "T wont) aes oa bernacle, and expel from the national emporium the genius of discord. Convene in time-honored other businese,and while there Roberts came im—I have no doubt accidentally. Some conversation had had about the notes, and I had concluded to take Fanueil, and in the name of Washington, exorcise were whet 7 evil spirit ed the sg ted American Bing ie toten were ve alten for, ama T tet toia Peo set very where, or est, decree its ban- ’ uit. 1 di ; iehemtan teeta te high places of power. You owe | Mise and Moverts oemsa tp voce stat seaan, eaey the country this lustration. As for Georgia, her told me that the notes were given | tution ® hoice is fraternity and Union, with constitution. | vit. ‘They raid that they would be pal al rights—her alternative, self-preservation, by all the means which a favoring Providence may place at her disposal ” To the end, therefore, that the position of this | ness was here State ma rates of the South and of the North, and that she may be blameless of all future consequences— it resolved by the People of Georgia, i 0) aseembied, secondary in im ciples it was des! ciations, present fruition, aud future prompects, will bind us toit so long as it continues to be the safe- guard of those diy Th of en it D threatened, of abolishing slavery in the militery | posts, dock yards, and other freeholds of the gene- ral government, lying within the boundaries of the slaveholdiog States. These possessions were ceded to the United States for purposes of utility and con- venience, in the generous confidence that they would not_be used w the detriment of the cediu es. Thirdly, an amendmeat of the acts orga. ing territorial overaments for New Mexico and Umh, whereby slavery shall rohibited in those | te rritoris Fourthiy, the pa re of wa act for th suppicerion of the elave trade between the pe of the slaveholding States, which ve regard as an cficious and unconstitutional interference with tate poiiey. The rejection of some of those mea- cent session of Congress, comes within the scheme of edjvstment, and materially milacnees the decision of Georgia One other subject challenges our especial notice It ia the threateped repeal of the recent act for the ‘Thot statute was d, as en unquestionable constitutional t, and a6 @ remedy jer a gnevous sad growing ond therefore cannot be surrendered toiy bears 1¢ stimony to the importance of this t it mingled im the carliest discussions tell me the name of any ene whom he hed oa the upom the formation of the American | | string; hedid at a eudscquent thane; he asked me, itl commanded the profouaddeliberotion of the framers | knew a Mr, Richards. of the constitution, whe assigord it a promineat | The courvel forthe defence objected to the introduc. | plece mm that instrument. They ordained that tion of evidines Ym reference to Mc, Richards, The person held 10 service of Iabor in one St Court overivied the objuction, and the detonce ox- eof, ond exeaping into » wail | on ice or labor me ereally conceded th inverted to meet the case of [ thet, without it, the slave La will, controvert the prep binding slike upon the States ¢ their oflicers, executive, judici upon velontary &Ro as of p each individnal citizen of the Un any obstruction to the recovery of f emanating from ony one of thore so sone, and W090) He jteinfracnon. At en early period in ry of the confederation, the Conme 1 Sates, believing that the che people furniched abuncont guerantee of fidelity to tie rnpon the se «it into efleet; ener A. compect, enacted a Igw devolvi Senate authorities tie daty of cvryi and the event jostified the cont. re Thoee were the parer daye of the » When m was srouger then f Th stitation of the United Strces, ne it isin theo- ry, the fuadamental law of the nized es the paramount obligation vee end individuals. Bat a new school of pv evhies has armen in the land—a rehool tof the Apostle Pani, morality parer than th » went beck seers to his mated than that itive wilde rpess, ** said vate her, relurn to th tress, and submit thyself unto her hand” Under the auepices of this echoo!, new doctrines hive been promulgated, pnblie ‘opinion perverted or overawed, the arm ot the lew 5 red, aud the records of certain states dishonored by ew nis prohibiting that to be done, which the cou- stitution demands. ‘The act of 1795, passed in good faith, has long censed to be efivetual. The South, patient unter this greivous Wrong, and still with defe dd hope clinging to the Union, was content to Huodaneh additional legielation as would devolve inpon fede- ral officers and agents, respon to federal au | that tb thoritiee, the enforcement het rieht. The pre-e | mous a sent Congress hae responded io this demar | ter leok tardy, but fall measure of justice. At apee; tbh of practical detail, and of pens) sxnction, nece to the execution of constitationsl law, is to be foand in the statute-book. Now, is the grand test ; to be applied, whether or not. in this ege of vanced civilization, and in ths bow model r public, law is potent for th tection of rigit, clearly defined, and selemoly written constitution. If not, the experiraent has failed. We draw no bnaty cone! raised against this law, by ihe wieked authors of the mieehief it wae inten to remedy, nor yet from their show of forcible resietance to its ex tion. We will dicate no extreme action upon their measutes of repeal or of trodification. From euch sources we anticipated such demonstrations. ‘We hail, with unaffected pleasure, growing indica. tions that, where the test opposition exista, conservative tre—wordhy sone of patriot sires--are anizing these contemners of law and ieg to the rescve of the imperiled the soragae for i'n preservation bs 8 '@ preservati the iesue, its friends at made, Calmiy while thei fet of ment Court bi a Tex a y lishing tlaverd in the District of the coneent and or ela Court of General Season: Pefore the Recorder amd Ald. Franklin ‘TRIAL OF GEO. W. NILES AND NATHANIEL W. ROBERIS bordes ir reparate ternia into tl the euppr ‘act abolishing elavery in veboldivg States, purchased by the Uni the ercction of forts, magazines, arsen st. That we portance only to the jgned to perpetuate, in this #5 ‘any act prohibiting into the territories of Utah Mexico, or in any act repenli ing the laws mow in force tor the recovery of fugitive Blaven, Pitthly, That it is the deliberate opin’ vention, tbat upon the faithtul exeouti tive Blave bili by the proper authorities depends 1 preservation of our much loved Union jd the "That p 4 principlen. ifthe thirteen origiual parties tothe the Atlantic in « narrow belt, interests were in embroyo, their peculiar tendencies scarcely developed, their revolu- fepary tials and triumph still gree ound Union impossible without thirty-one of this day may pinion and. poll from the Mexic: District of jumbia, wil laces dock jr Materially of this con- ot the Pugi- Conklin. FOR OPTAINING $2,000 BY FALSE PRETENCES. hee On opening court this morning, th ber was again quickly thronged with spectators, whom were quite a number of elderly ome preliminary business the Niles and Roberts case was resamed, Lucien Tufts sworn—L reside ia Albany; T know Geo. W. Nilve by sight; { hare but « slight “ecg tence with bim} I Kuow Roberts; have know yeors: two years ego Chad a conversation with Niles, ver a | )B.Whieh he said that he bad had Roberts arrested on | a Stilwell warrent; [think it was a year ago last epring, o thereabouts, that Mr. Roderick Morrison left for C.sfornla, ead it was bate very short time batore Wiviam P Brooklya ; my bua i and general bottling business; I hav for (hree or four years; I was in his oft and eomtwer of 1849 frequently; he seme money tor me; leew Mr. Roberts at Mr. Nilew’ | office reveral times during the spring; I think I sw | tpatt Gad the converration with Mr. Niles. called on the prosecution to confine them- FIO teweies COMBEE omg tlemeu. aiiposed of, having been uato- jm for (The Wile Abin toneenation all fo the Court of Common hove stated him there in Jone. Niles end Roberts appeared like | ord paving any teveral women there; Ni | me abont women he had there; heteld me that he # women whe had several men on the string for erim. | con.; Mr. Nilet said be bed a woman and” man who | bad revernl men on the of them were fat c | ard Mr. Niles had | Be raid, “ Don't that look nice? } he Led just got that for bis part of one of bis crim con. | Miler. would look better if it came from some other soures.” | He smiled, rolled the money wy in s wad, and put it in | et pecket. At that time, /thio’ Mr Niles did not | his or rut * Tee “a # mentioned Mr. | persone who bad busine fd. she was alone, and seated Niles came fu and shu 4 to her, © Have you eeen old Hw er anew got up cor © Me. no, it won" 5 toge Lhave seen women | et Niles’ oftee; I saw Ellon Williams there while Niles was obsent on bis wedding tour; Ellen Willa | wae at Mr Doyle’ aly Mm but [ heard Niles eay di- t do-teo late now, [can't avd left, as [always 4 ; my + never raid bg oy By r string, aod that some went fo there at one time, ria {ve hundeed dollar bill: od they stated that it look« very nice, but it hichards end alicded to the of which he was e inember: I thea koww who he 1t; he eaid Mr. Richards wen a fat wen, and worth | $160,400, and be could get $100 se if T knew @ Mr, Brow ad him on th at th whe would a | Brown we Na. enor, send for ther, he told me thet be | the. or & out cf him; ne them ring, and the: he row) off to Bostor Brown, he eid. lawyer in Boston abd that then @ to defend the Coveation in memory, promise, tae zisla somewhat, in the cons | master, joy, to preserve that Union extended th+ sway of republican govern- & vast wilderness, to another aiJy advanced their civilization und national Pe only, ed by the pirit, the State of Georgia | demages have ly considered the action of Coi reed a reries of measures for Union, the organization of governmenta for Utah and New Mexico, t boundary between the latter and the State jon of the slave trade in the | District of Columbia. and the extradition of fugitive slaves, and (connected with them) the rejectio proporitions to exeinde tlay ritories and to abolieh it ip tl whilst she does net wholly appreve, wil 8 permanent adjustment of tl ocean, and out tition of the slave ownert thereof a0 oil dealer; he then | Edward C. Richards swora—I hi in this case. tal interest ate een cee oF be clearly apprehended by her confede- | testimony of encther witness) °°" °F Aca H. Wheeler was here called to prove the han@ writing in one of the @ already introduced, A discussion arore as to the competency ef the testim proposed, and pending the decision the goourt ad- ourned, United States District Court. Betore the Hon. Judge Judson. Dec. 17.—Decisions in ApMinalty.—Abel Foster ws The Berk British Oak—, Libel Suit on « Charter Party.-Om 1849. the libellant shipped om Oak for tho port of New York, George Pierson master, thirty-nine bales contelai 8.075 empty corn ho mone; = & egligence on the er tunes hades bate sir sportation. That on their discharge at New York bage were wet, filthy and rotten, requiring imme- diate sale at sae he parties take issue om ome > respon- it $250, ther je cost of the libel up to that date, rs that the sum thus paid was t case. The libellant being dissatis suit. After hearing the testimony case, ithas beon made clear that in the fal ide by indecen| sectional contro. | Olie Deduct proceeds at auction o $361 86 Deduct amount tendered... cceseseeeeeees 250 00 ibellant, together with costs pub payment. Day of sale, Aug. 16, 1849. Alexander Bavron vs. Capt GeorgeiLouke, master of the George G. Jones.—The lidellant’s counsel to the production of any evidence by the respondent's, on the nd that no written answer has been filed to the libel, and thereupon the libeliant moves for s de eree tor the ballance of wages ; and as the foundation of this objection and claim it is contended that the rale of the Supreme Court of the United Btates, was made and adopted in pursuance of the act of Gongress of the United States, passed in 1542. The rules of the Bupreme Court were not intended to chaoge the rules of the District Court as to seamen's wages. There oan be Bo objections to hearing the defence wi hout sa answer The defence haviog thus been made, it pears that the master of the G G. Jones objects that the payment of the smal! ballance of the for the reason that the libellant had not been charged trom the vessel ; and that, by reason of lvaving Lhe veseel without a discharge fcom service, a forfeiture of the wages had been incurred, and, therefore, the libeliamt should not have a decree, on the other hand, it is in evidence that the libellant was sick and unable to be on board ship This fact being true, i wonld be hard indeed aed I thiek, unjust. to hold the libellant to @ literal performance of the articles im this particular, His sickness is an excuse, and, thare- fore, the baliance of wages must be decreed, with coats, Police Intell: of @ Fugitive Arrest the tands charged with de- ‘out of property amounting to ppeare the evidenos, ae Sauprell parchased the ve stated by fraudulent repre- | id then mortgaged them to Mr. Samuel | Oliver, of Milford. to secure & payment of borrowed | money. After this was done, Sampreil packed the | goods and ereaped to ny, and oe arriving ebaved off his whir ker d changed his name to Mil- ler, Mr Oliver pursued the fugitive to New York, on Sundsy pight.calied on Capt, 8t that he believed Sampreil w: ward, but the exact street Telated to the police Snount of goods as a! police ftrect, between the Second and Third ay | once took him into euetody. The property was alse recovered, At this house, pelt had reprosen'ed Kimeelt as @ merchant from Philadelphia, and asked fer boord, ond rterage for his goods, uatil he could sult himeeif in ® store. The accused, together with the property. was conveyed back to Worcester, aud pliced under the jurisdiction of the Mayor inoiher Stage Driver Fined.—The Mayor yesterday fined Thomss MeUoy $10, for driving one of the o bares ruwning on the Fourteenth strect and Tenth averue live, wishout a levns, Cherge —A wen called Nathaniel Murdook Yoo arietted on Wedpesday night, about 12 o'elock, by officer Sutton. cf the Kieventh ward on ot knocking down Joka from his pe re | money. Justion privon for examina: Violent Assault with Pireerms —Three m Tovy Jordon, Clinton Jordon, Ceorge edon Wedpeiay night, oa a arreuiting sod shooting a m Kill John Fields and Charlier Hag saat maoy teptt | thet Ficice and Hughes, two boy had just Ie ft school and the aoc | ®& murket loeded with shot among the boys, ther wounding several; but the two boys, Hughes aed 4 Fields, bad a builder up town, who was “a lean one,” he | received (he most of the shot in their faces, inj conidn't make much out of him; but that he was | them s- The accused parties endeavored to Schurch member, and he thought he would bieed | me vigilance of the Twelfth some. I was going to Boston, to rpend the sun- 0 uto action, d the parties mer, and Mr. Niles said I musta t be eurprised | accured cf this outrageous act were takem Into ous* to ree bim ¢ ortly, it that thing worked; | at ¥« and conveyed before Justice Mod: T cent ray that he ever told me what he got of | who committed them to suwer the charge. the builder; sometime in the summer of 1849, I met lotet Reblers a” ingenious rogues on Tussday Mr. Niles at the City Hall; heanid [ have jast mettled | evening, suc miealieg from the boarders’ ore ot my orim. con. enges, but I didn't get mach; E | roc iw he Motel, cotnes o¢ Malden tune y whether le wae $500 or $700; Leni“ E | ana rendway aptly of ob j he then beenme much excited aud ald BOW | gyounting lo mauy hundred doll auyihing about ft; 1 did kaow, but when fs that bank president “a eye t by Gd; he once | Common Counetl, a bank in Wail street, and « large owner; if Loomld | FINty. f ee Me Sopeceod get hold of bim I would make hit Petition off ts t him a0 Brown. and at the ti Fave employed NF my wr views chat soter, * | writing lene of Bullivean te up of that paper to be in Nit guaranteed, by & | ter shown); thatis in d crived by me at Sytacure, T know Dant vs fo Niles’ office tn Jane ions from the clamor | Nilet in Center street, at the corm mac Harwot | ¥9s tetore Iwas exainined belore di thing, #2 (peper | Mir, Leavitt bad a pew in th business ‘nothing chow! " lee, get a women raid work it Niles m all E 6 tbat ¢ nino mem #, and thet of the president of Ho ith ° orthy a woman t 8 desorip- the bed de Williams here t: she eo seen, ne Appese ond Mr and paid him for an purely of a m T know Nilew the e ¥ h 4 aff lavit T believe ave the s' hand writing oF Osborne; he came wp to me amd retd Mr Davie, you have been in there vit egainet me,” You have.’ continer him. epgeged in wae m dan In danger. but that er mereprotection.~ & Crore exam! Cfiee to have my business d guiae employment; T had no ent for ten oF twelte yearh: J bt or fine vemre. andin New fe, About two ot three yenrs afer I firat wont to Niles’ office, 1 went into my present business —the Joy I said 6 ST have not been inside Ttoid Niles that the busin I ber He aid ue One. ined — When Tt firrt went to Mr. Niles’ one, C waa not im any re t deem in any regular eu. 1 out | & tion on Richards: T | he was 1 might be jawyers bad more jafiaence and jn Brooklya about twenty, | way paved with the Of the nxnees, with an or@icance regulating the new) ive or dumb engice im the the oity. mmitter on Btrevts adveter to the preamble and resolution im regard to dire the Street Commissioner to require exouvetion aad ‘ock taken out three feet below the surface of te tt of the Special Committee of the Board of Al- dermen. to whom wae referred several petitions of the citizens of New York In relation to the gar supplied by the gne abt compemier of this of 1 praying the Common Oonvell to sunt the contracts made | raid companies, ard to adopt the neoweaary ordinances | to form ® public gas department, for rappising the | public lamps and buildings, and also the oftzens, with MNepert of Committee on Streets, in favor of applion~ nd Keed to pate Broadway from Duane | then of I + | rest to Union equace, Laid on the tableand ordered | to be printed PEROLUTION® ADOPTED | Resolved. That this Board will, at ite nex mootiog, proceed tocinssily the Ward Assessors of this city im accordance with ea act entitled “An actin relation to the ecllection amd agvorement Of taxes in the city of New York," pi arch 30th, 1850 i, Phat the Comptroller be directed to Insert Resolved ip the lease of alot of ground for tose Co No, 3, im Heeler atreetofn cianee reicasing the owner from pay- ime the taxes onthe rame * edt weclinn Cived, That a new contrast, aon the basis Of the At ie ienkling thia | {Fhe of report of the com mites, if the New York Gas ay Meantiert ght Company acsentto the same. be entered inte | letween the Moyor, Aldermen and Onpmmonal | | the city of New York and the said New York Tight Company, said contract to expire on the any of Moy, L908. the date of the expiration of the pre= sent contract with the Manhatten Gas Light Co, amd thet the conneel of the Gorporativa be direoted te woh copteast fn agcordance with snsb terms, oner of Repatee and he exeeviian of the proper parties thereto a, Theat the Commie cause ® smell br ding in the tice to be forthwith remo weary acooumodations to o Relarred, until five clock this