The New York Herald Newspaper, October 26, 1850, Page 3

wards the annual revenue of the goaecal ‘meat, while the North contributes but But how stand ‘Tent of these 000,000 of revenue? Are the 000,000 which are taken from the labor of the ith expended at the South, to earieh her citi- zens and improve her section, and only the $9.000,000 which are contributed by the North spent among her — ? Par, very far is this from being the case. ‘e have not within our reach the documen‘s which are necessary to exhibit this point; but we see, and feel, nnd know taat harsh Injustice is done us in this matter = [t has been ase serted, on good authorit niaths of the income of the general goveraa is spent at the rth ; and but two-ninths at tae South. Aceord- ing to this estimate, whiist the Southera States contribute of the $31,000,000, $22.000,000, they receive back, to be spent among ihetr people, but 900,000 ; and whilst the Norih coatributes but Pro00'000 to that fund, they coatrive se to divert the current of expenditure out of its watural chaaael: as te spend the enormous a: f $24,100,000 among her own people, whi is $15,000,000 anoually more than they contribute; aud to the same amount, so much taken from the proti's of our industry, to enrich their own citizen aud section This is equally true of the revenue also, from the sale of our Samed Janda, and all o'her sources of our «publicineome, amounting to aruriy $1,000,000 more, which swells the amount dismursed among the free soil States to nearly $28,000,009, whilst the sums expended at the South are less taan $3,000,000. dn estimating, then, the value of the Union to them. it has no doubt often been cyphered out in the true “ clockmaker” style by the “Sam Slicks” of the North, it has, without d vabt, been as -certained, asd credited in their ‘bank book,” as being worth to them, in hard dollars, at least - eighteen millions of dollars xoaually, ia clear gain, and free of all expenses. Heace the tender affec- tion, the reverential regard, which they pretend to feel, and express for the Union; and hence the abhorrence which they express at the thought of separation from their beloved “brethren” at the South, and the denunciation of those who breathe the word “‘disunion” as a thing that is possible. But the South begins at length to understand the sincerity of these professions of veneration for the ‘nion; and the disinteresteduess of their indiga tion, at those who would dissolve it; and especi- ally, when they threaten to hold us io their em- braces, by main force, and with all the violence ef musketry and cannon, if need . We viewed it as the old trick of Demetrius and his confederate “ silversmiths at Ephesus,” who made silver shrines for the goddess Diana. This em- ployment ‘brought no small gain to the crafts- <men,” we are told ; but the great Apostle, in preach- ing ae idolatry, disturbed the rookery. And then, loud and lon; did ey lift up their voices, i honor of ,“ great Diana” of the Ephesians; until, doubtless, t] imple ones of the town believed theee to be sincere and devoted worshippers of the leas. But these werthies cracked their throats am honor of the “great Diana,” and would have murdered the messenger ot God —not because they cared an asearium for the daughter of Jupiter, but because, a inspiration tells us, * their craft was in danger ;” and the Apostle, in the perform- ance of hia high duties, had attempted to put an end to its uities. Just so is it with those who employ themselves in bepraising the “* Union” as a glorious ** Unien,” and so forth; and who di nounce as “traitors” those who question it: agence, conducted as it has been for years past ; and who would !) it back to its original pria- ples of equality and justice, or dissolve it. The: feel thatin separating from the South, “ their crat isin Cage ** They are in danger of losing, not merely beunties which gave lite to their maau- tures, their shipping, and their commerce, but the good round sum of $18,000,000 annually, which is taken from the pockets of the Soathern planters to be transferred, by a sort of legislative leger- demain, into their own pockets, to eartch them- selves and give pi rity to their sections. D, prived by disunion of this angus! aad refreshi: supply, they must either pernit the huadreds o! thousands of their citize ho are now nourished by thoee expenditures, to sink down in suffering, and the public works upon which they are squan- dered to gotodecay, or they must raise the amonat mares upon themselves. But how raise them! appropriate to themselves, out of the pablic peeeey, not only the nine millions of their own, but eighteen millions and more, coatributed by tae South, making their share of the expenditures over 27,000,000 of dol Now, it has been seen that their share of ‘the impor mount only to about 000 ; upon which it woult require a duty of per cent to raise the $27,000,000 of revenue which they are now accustomed to spend But as no commerce could: bear for any length ef ume a bur- den of 60 per cent, then the resort woald have to be to direct taxes, which it is very doubttul whe- ther a population like that ia the Northera States would submit to. itmay be aseumed then, as a thing that is cer- tain, that that amount of revenue could not, ex- = by borrewing, be sapplied for purposes of either war or peace ; and that all the interests and projects, which are now foate: by that expendi- ture, will be suflered to languish aud dec. Tn every — of examination, thea, it wi r, that the dissolution of the Unioa will be fol lowed by infinite distress and disaster to the North, and with comparatively little to the South. Let every Southern man, then, firmly persuade himself of this fact, that the Union is of vastly more value te them than it is tou ; aad that itis for them, and not for us, to make sacrifices and concessions | to maintain it. : long as the principles of the constitution are | fully observed, and the Union made to promote rposes for which it was formed, it becomes our duty to support it. It is trae, that, condacted | at its best, it is likely, through all the fiscal opera- tions of the federal goverameat, to be a hard bar- in tor us. But when hoaorable mea have s0- iemaly joined hands over a contract, itis not for | one party to deny their obligations, because, ina matter of dollars and cents, the other may have | the advantage. The South, then, it may be con- fidently asserted, would never have disturbed the Union, or calculated its value, had she not been wounded in some of ber tenderest points—points | which teuch her honor and peril her existence. Her just rights have been invaded, or denied her. Her feelings are outraged by daily iasults to our Representatives, in the commoa council halls lof the nation; and they use every effort to de- grade ue, by insulting resolutions, directed against us and our institutions. They not only do this mm | the most aggravated form, but in their arrogance lof power, on the most uanecessary occasions. They press the Wilmot proviso, not only over ter- citory, where slavery never would have been car- iried—-but they appear to regard the act of a territo- laveholder with his slaves, that they have just forced California into the Union, against every re- uirement of sound policy, against all sound prece- lent, and contrary to the truest principles of the bonstitution. They exclude us not only from ter- Fitory which is our owo, equaily as it is theirs, bat s unsuited to our inetitutvions, but they now at | empt to deprive us of broad lands, which are well huited to us, which have been conquered by our ‘alor, and won by our treasure and our bl and in this respect more our own than it is their: nd whilst they do this to us, who have @ just | ight to those lands, as our property whom | y profess to call brethren, and who have aclaim pon them as such, they have, as if ia utter con- pt of us, our feelings, and our interests, offered give away, to squander, to lavish, those lands, pon every Vagrant, or pauper, or vagabond emi- tt who may be enticed from the rest of the ‘orld to come and settle upon them! These re the injuries and insults, which have eunk eep into the Southern heart, and mad very man in the retiremene of his. jon caloulate the value of aion, witl ch n as perpetrate such enormities. And when to all these thin; he evidence hich ie betore us, that they are steadily advanc- upon us, with deadly ho-tliity, to destroy our titutions, and that they claim the right to med- le with ws, we belong to the | nion; then becomes the South resoluvely to take the posi- ion which the emergency requires, demand a re- ress of their grievances, and ample security for ir rights, now and hereafter. A a he comes up the question, to obtain an | wet to which, the citizens of St. John’s Colle- ve , under the circumstances of their case ?” Actively and efficiently, the South can do no- ing to redress her wrongs, as long as she re+ sine in the Union. She is in a minority, a hope- nority, in the House of Representative; and > ae rye Pore the chee ro! in the ate; and we are in a hope- a*minority there also. The South mast there- d, hereafter, upon the forbearance and is. minority, for carrying out any mea- ite, which may be necessary for her well-being; ‘od the kind of justice which she may expect iture, may be judged of by the specimens whi \e North is now preparing for us within her o «, and by that which we have just wit- ord ia the Admission of California. Nor is vere any le by which we ean reach or vange thore majorities; since they are responsi le, not to us, bat to remote and h yetile constitaea- es. itmay be justly apprehended, too, that as ‘¢ North becomes stronger, and more i fluential, ve traitors to the South will become more num 08 among her public men ; aod the breed of the adgers, and the Bentons, the Belle, the Houstons, ad the Footes, will fearfully multiply among Jith the strong arm of power, the treasures and ¢ offices of the nation ¥ ill be seized upon by the "Suan wad fre aba be betrayed and weakened by Selon from our ranks through the bribes whiel jall be held ont to the ambitious, or the needy. If, them, we may expect justice from the North ; re rowerl ‘do ourselves jnotice ; and if prey id for the future, ications at present, a! od e88 , man must be heady, unreflecting, and short-sighted indeed, who does not have his impressed with profound thoughtfulnes: and the deepest solemnity, when he contemplates the mag- nitude of the consequences which might flow from such a measure. Considered in its possible, if not its probable consequences, it may involve us in bloody wars, in great sacrifice of property and | life, in privatione of comforts, and in sufferings of positive evils, which in our past eareer we have | seen nothing the like of. It is beyond coatro- versy, then, the gravest question which has occupied the American mind, before or since the adoption of our present constitution. Then, cer- tain sovereign States divested themselves of cer- tain high attributes of sovereigaty, in order to grant to a common agent certain powers to be used for the common an equal benefit of each and every of the united parties. Now, some of those parties are about to take back the powers which they had surrendered, and which have been used, not for their benefit, but abused for purposes of the rossest insult, injustice, and oppression. Then, they formed a union for mutual benefit, and, as they hoped, for all time; now, that union hav- ing been perverted from its anginal design, is to be dissolved, in order thit one of the parues may not be destroyed. Can any reflecting man sup- pose that this isa light and easy thing to be accom- plished, or that it should be done except for great cause, or from some imperious necesaity. If there be any who thus think, I confess I am not one of them; but on the contrary, have approached this whole subject with my mind solemaized by the weighty responsibility which attaches to the ex- pression of my opinions. But, there are evils so stupendous, that to avoid them no perils or hard- which at first shadowed our land; but, this slave was conceived in no such spirit, rests on no such assent; itis conceived in ingult, and rests fer its fulfilment on an appeal to the meanest passion that lives in the human heart. For, it is aninsult on any people, to establish in their midst, a court consisting of one man, who shall have instant, ex parte, and final jurisdiction over any one of that people, in the matter of personal liberty. It is an insult to append the threat and the reality of an armed force, to confirm and carry out, with bloodshed, if need be, the de- crees of this extra-judicial court! It is an insult upon the American people, to chain them down with a law of compromise, which depends, for its fulfilment, not on the spontaneous love of Union, burning in the breast of every American citizen, but upon the spirit of avance, and the fear of death. This law is soaatiey, when it ex- claims to the christian citizen, “* dehumanize your- self; see your fellow-man or sister-woman borae away into helpless, hopeless servitude; good citi- zen, join in, and help carry them off! no matter, if he say he is * free,’ no matter if she screams for the last sight of her own children; good citizea, club him, choke her shrieks, and hurry them away to fulfil the compromises of the constitution, and the law of our free and happy land?” But this slave bill, so insulting in its nature, so shamlegs in its exactions, not only fails as a measure of compromise, it also fails as a technical remedy for the great evil of which the South complains. The fagitives from unrequited toil, who lived in the free States on or before itsenactment, have now es- caped into Canada, or have placed themselves beyoad the claimant’s power; and now, and ever, men and women will continue to flee from unrequited 80 long as there are footsteps and carriage roa and railways reaching from Mason and Dixon's line to our Northern frontier. Let our Congress tear up these roads, blot out the northern star, sear ships should be coasidered too great to be encoun- tered. After what I have before said, I need not here add, that I consider the Southera States as overshadowed at this time by such evils; and that in their separation from the free soil States is their only visibie hope against pecuniary ruin, and ia the end against political annihilation, It may be laid down, too, as a proposition indisputably true, that the man who faulters through fear of the conse- quences from adopting any measure, be it disunion itself, which his judgment may approve to,be pro- per, or who makes concessions on this question, as from a weaker to the stronger power—that that man has already ‘made up his mind to give up his slave ripest and betray the South when the day of trial shall arrive. shal But it may be asked, can nothing, will nothiag done, to avert from this great nation 80 momen- tous a necessity as a separation of the Southera from the free soil States. We have seen that whatever is done towards that end, must be effect- ed by the North, who, having the majority, has alone the power to do it. Now, to judge ot the pro- bability of this being done, let ua inquire what the South has a right, in justice, to demand. We have a right to demand, that the annoyances and insults should cease, which are now so fre- ques, offered to us (arora our representatives in gress ; and that instead thereof we should re- ceive that comity which belongs to u: soverei; States, and that respect for our interests which the constitution contemplates. And as a means to this end, that no interference with slavery in any form, and especially in the forms in which it has been heretofore intraded upon Congress shall be per- mitted, except by our consent. ‘We have a right to demand the faithful observ- ance of the constitution, in having our tugitive slaves delivered up to us, instead of the violence, impriconments, bloodshed, and even murders of our citizens, When attempting to bring them back. We have a right to demand a perfect equality under the constitution—au equal share in all the property, which belongs to us as a nation; a right toan equal share of the public lands, if not in the Fromeruae of men and money, which we contri- uted to conquer them, at least in proportion to our whole population, including whites and slaves. _ We have a right to have the equilibrium restored in the Senate between the two sections, which his lately been destroyed by the adnfission of Cali- fornia into the Union; or, instead of this, some other guarantee, by which the South may have ample power to protect herself against the anti- mayer aggressions of Congress and the free soil States. Is there any one of these demands which the South should abate—any one which she can give up with safety, and without which she can expect a durable peace? To my mind there seems to be not one But will the North concede to us these just and necessary requirements. 1 hope that she will. But my expectauions are that she will not, except she become thoroughly persuaded that disunioa will be the inevitable consequence. Then ehe will sacti- fice something, to gain more, and yield us, aot only what we demand, but even more, to secure to themselves the present advantages of the Union. But if she will not, can any one suppose that two parties can continué to live together, one of whom as so many thorns rankling in the flesh,and 80 many grievances constantly chafing the spirit! They mey be bound together, as the conquered to the conqueror; asthe enslaved to the inexorable superior. But, nevercan they be united in a bro- therhood of friendsh‘p and contentment. Such a Union is unnatural, aud cannot last; and whilst it lasts can bear no fruits, except those of bitteraess and poverty. B such a Union to be severed;and upoa what terms shall the partnership be terminated? These are questions which open a wide field for careful reflections, and are calculated to tax the sagacity of our wisest statesmen. It is not for a frection of one of the parties, (as a siagle State,) to decide for the rest, what is to be doae, how it is to be done, and when it ought te bedone. But for all the parties similarly interested, to decide for all in oll, in united counsel. Each neighborhood may have its Southern rights’ association. Each State may have her Southern rights’ organization, But it must be forthe Southern States, in a Southern convention, to decide what the whole South ought to de. hatever they may do unitedty, or with any thing ike unanimity, we may rest assured, wiil be done with safety to ourselves, and without much rick of coercion from the North. In the meantime let South Carolina respectfully await for her Southern sisters; since she is not likely to suffer wrong or dishonor, by binding up her des- tiny with theirs. September, 1850. THE NORTHERN STATES: Manifesto of Seward’s Negro Voters in New York. (Prom the New York Evening Post, Oct. 25.) TO THE PEOPLE OF THE SLATE OF NEW YORK Frutow-Crrizens—On the eighteent day of Sep- tember, 1850, by the usual course of national legis- —_ ~~ Fugitive Slave bill became the law of the land. By this enactment, the personal liberty of every American citizen is seriously perilled, if not entire- ly taken arer? for, First. By second section of said act, power is granted to a certain person styled a Commissioner, at any time or place jtoghold a court, consisting o! himeelt oaly, with plenary authority, summarily and forever to deprive of personal libert, y per- son or persons brought re said Commissioner. Second. And said commissioner (upon oath made before him by any one person) is empowered (sec. 6), on the exparte evidence of the person 80 affirming, to deliver up the person or persons, claimed under said oath, to perpetual slavery; and | said commissioner (sec 6) exercises this authority without appeal from his decision by any other court Of process whatever; and can use all force pn ag Cg execute said authority; by which pro- vision’ Tules of evidence in common law are entirely set aside, the right of trial by jury is abo- lished, and privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is practically annulied. Third. Any citizen who, in obedience to the written law of God, and the teachings of his own conscience, oy 2 aid or harbor a fugitive from un = labor, is by this act (sec, 7) punished ine of one thousand dollara, and imprisoned di six months. It was larly thought, fellow-citiz: that thie law could affect only persons of color; but a little reflection convinces you that it pertains to the liberty of all citizens, of whatever complex- ion. There are white complexioned slaves at the South; hence any white person may be arrested under this act, which does not specify color, and 4 white person, so arrested, may be hurried off as rapidly as Hamlet, and be consigned to perpetual tlavery, because the bill contains no safeguard to establish personal identity, no penalty for the ar- rest and extradition of the re person, and de- prives the party arrested of all right to a moment's time to give his own, or to summon other evide: in behalf. M: batts Mpg 2 uursued in Honesdale, Penn., is as w as any ly in the land, her claimant being a colored man now re- siding in New Orleans. By this slave bill, therefore, trial by jury, the writ of habeas corpus, the laws of evidence in com- mon law, the common appointments, and the com mon condition of a court of justice—all the safe. guards of personal liberty, all the foundation, ele- ments of modern civilization, are at once swept omy, And why? ‘¢ have been told that this bill was necessary “to secure the compromises of the ¢onstitation, to remedy certain evils inflicted on the South, and to bush t Agitation of the questian of slavery.” ‘The spirit of comp is open, frank, coacili- ating, bearing on ite ¥.9 brand of shane inits See ne at ee ee for the ful- iment of its sipaletions o~ ye 0 ‘assent of all concerned. In such 5 pirit framed the Amen- 8) gonatitution, un der whose gid ~ pay, happily ived near three-fourths of a Senturp “dgally doing away with the large prevalence of G2!" humen sympathy from the human heart, and crush out the divine inspirationto be free, which comes with every breath into the human bosom—and it will have only begun to make provision to arrest the escape of persons from unpaid labor. And this bill not only fails as a measure of com- promise, and fails as a remedy for the Southern evil—more signally and utterly does it fail as a soother of the slavery agitation in our otherwise tranquil land. So far from allaying, it has served to excite that agitation beyond all former expe- rience, and has aroused the two sections of the Union to an attitude of sterner and more unfrater- nal opposition than has happened since the founda- tien of the republic. Under these circumstances, fellow-citizens, we call upon you to urge and compel our repre- seotatives in Congress to repeal this Fugitive Slave bill, odious in its conception, o tious in its porisiogs, impotent in its intended re- sults. hateful is it known to be, by those en- titied to enforce it, that they have as yet made no serious attempt to carry it out. jut, even if it continue a dead letter on the statute book, it is so fraught with disgrace, so capable of evil, that all who hold dear our common Spee! and her name among the nations of the earth, and her favor in the sight of the Almighty, must join iy an agitation that shall only cease with its Tepeal. oun J. Zviuix, Joun T. Raymonp, Junius C. Moret, ‘Wa. P. Powsi, Tuomas J. Warts, Ws. J. Wisson, Roxerr Hamuicton, Jexemian Powers, ‘Tuomas Downie, Lewis H. Purxam, Joseru W. Suitn, Axnro Lyons, x James McCune Sati, New York, October, 1850, Committee. Address of Lewis 1 a on the Union, tn _ _L beg leave to claim the attention of my fellow citizens, a few momunts, on the subject of the con- stitution, proposed by a convention of the United States, for their future government. Weil aware of my inability to do it justice, I will submit to you a few considerations that may be worthy remark :—Virst, its importance ia presery- ing a Union, established at one common risk, one common interest, and sealed with the common blood of our citizens: its relation to our internal strength and security. Second, our cummerce. Third, its salutary effects upon the landed interest; and fourth, upon the people of this State as public creditors. vite Ast. From the administrarion of our State govern- ments, since the peace, it evidently appears that local interests have had stronger juence upor | them their social and political compact--the members have conspired against the head—every day widens the breach Experience constanily admonishes us of oue truth, tifat when there is no penalty, there cannot be any obligation. Union, therefore, by being able to control the different members of the confederacy, can render parts active in its preservation, from which results in- THE POLITICS @F EUKOPE. Panis, Oot. 10, 1850, The Military Reviews—Minister of War Called to Account—.Anticipated Proclamation of Louis Na- poleon as Emperor ! and Annihilation of the National Aasembly— Decision of the Ministry to revise the Consti- tution— Restriction of the President's Rights —The* Mys- teries of the Elysée National”—Prefanation of a Solemn Ceremony in commemoration of the President's Mother— Dangerous Iliness of the Queen of Belgium—Piedmont and Pepe Pius—Hease Cassel Affairs growing worse— Prussia and M. Redowits— Austria and the King of Ha nover —The Danish Question: wrrection of the King- dom of Poland—Preparations in Spain tw send Forces to Cuba. ‘The reviews of the President are going on, in spite of the unpopularity of these military displays with the po- jiticians, which are considered as attempts to bribe the French army by means of champaigne, cigars, aud eat- ables, The review of St. Maur, which took place last week, and during which the troops represented the bat - @e of Wagram, was signalised by the same events which have given to these “ princiers pastimes’ an umpopula- rity which will be a death blow tothe President. att. Maur, as well as at Satory, distributions of liquors and eatables were made by Louis Napoleon’s orders, and the memb¢ rs of the Society of the 10th of Deewmber, who were on the epot, shouted the most violent crivs of Vive Napoiion !? “ Vive UEmpereur !’ and others, which may be considered as unconstitutional at our present epoch of republicanism. The committee of prorogation were alarmed at these demonstrations, and assembled en Mondey last, under the presidency of M. Dupin, who had re:urned to Paris precisely for the oceasion. A great number of representatives who were also at Paris, assembled in the Chamber. In short the Chamber was crowded, and hough the conference was kept secret, [ have been informed by g member of the Committee or what took place there. The most violent reproaches were made to the Minister of War, M, d'Hautpoui, on the subject of these reviews, and of the consent he had somewhat iven by his presence to the orgies of the troops. As rt the unconstitutional shouts of“ Vive Nupolion Em- pereur!”? though the Minister denied that he heard them, he was obl iged to confess that they might have been uttered, and he was h puzzled as to tho swer to be Siete the just elaime of the representa- u M. Cerlicr] was also called by the Committee, and forced to explain bie conduct on the occasion — ‘The Minister of Police, though a little more cunni: and skilful than M. Hautpoul, was sleo intimidated. The result of this co=ference was, that the Minister of War denied that Louis Napoleon had any projuct of ® coup d'etat, and that he iuvited the whole body of the pa portend) be present at the review of Satory, which takes place to-day at Versailles, and at which “twenty thousand men of cavalry” will be present. Much has been said in advane, relative to this re view. According to the most exagu+rated reports, Louis Napoleon is to proclamed an Emperor, and will re- turn, this evening, to sleep at the Tuileries, in the bed of his uncle, which has already been prepared this morning, for that occasion, The members of the com- mittee of prorogation are to be taken prisoners. The National Assembly will be annihilated and a new go- vern! it will be instituted. Such is tie paphes for the review of this day, but very likely all this will go into smoke. If anything particular is known betore the departure of the mail, you will receive it with this letter. The only programme made public is that Louis Na- leon has departed this nealing at seven o'clock for Vereailies, wnere he has accepted an invitation toa breaktast, from Lord Normanby, the British Ambas- sader, whence he wili go to the plaine of Satory, where fort, velghs squadrons of cavalry will represent the battle of Hylau. The President will wear, on that oc- casion, the order of the Golden Flevce, which was sent to him by Queen lsabelis of Spain The necklace which he received frot is that made for Philippe ITI. and worn by that } These military pastimes and large meetings of the troops bave therefore given place to hey | strange ru- mors, which have been much felt at the Bourse. It is that Louis Napoleon will establish his ma mili: taive before the revurn of the National Assembiy, aud that many generals have courented to becom: his aids- —— ‘he ministry has decided to act, and to claim, by all means, the revision of the constitution, and the prorogation of the powers of Louis Napoleon. Some jer persons, who think that they are better jatormed, assured me that Louis Napoleon was only regan to make ap appeal to the people, in case the legislative assembly would not consent to his wishes. have been told, also. by one of the representatives, that the majority of the [louse would b+in favor the revision of the constitution, but that there will bs added to the new one a special artic! whieh the President would be forbidden 4, iu persona, public forors, to pars re nd to be present at Military display, If ever takes place, wh il have a cause to repent? Who will say, Mex cul- 2 Will not that be the real illustration of the “well wn fabie of Esop’’—the dog dropping its prey for ternal security and external defence. This im- portant idea, if traced io all its attitades, shapes, and various extents, will be fouad in the efficient construction of the new constitution, whereby the peace, love, happiness, and interest of a part is maintained, by a like ‘ction of the whole. 2d. The commerce of our country, which is the real source of our wealth, cannot be promoted but in tke Union of America. By tong laws we can make terms of trade with the British or any other nation in Europe, advantageous to oursel and instead of being exposed as we now are, to reatric- tions, and subject to send our produce from our own country as freighters of their vessels, at an immense expense, we shall become carriers for them in ships of our own building. I have heard many people remark that Great Britain received more benefit from us now than when under her government. ‘This I ean readily conceive. Not charged with any colonial expea- ses, she takes our produce from us at her own price; she imposes her manufactures upon us at her own price; we pay her for the transportation of our own, and we pay for the importation of hers. Tnisis her harvest. This is our death, It may be well to penetrate, if possible, into the secret sources of this evil; we shall find it springing from the qualities of the two governments. Compare them. We shall find one constantly examining itself, and adequate, | by prudent policy, to the reparation of a defect in any of its lawe. The other, a slow operation of | disunited bodies, inclined from every motive to ily | from the centre, without any oject to return them | to it, rivalling each other in commercial regula- | tions, and in all national pursuits. Sd. The landed property, instead of being 25 or pa’ gd cent below what it stood at in the year 1774, will ri tise much higher in value than it sold at that period. The new constitution goes directly to pro- duce this change. Asa friend to the merchant, it isa friend to the farmer—their interests are the same. Whatever then operates to the advantage | of commerce, extends itself to agriculture. The stability of laws enacted by the representa- | tive body of the Union will give a circulation to all the silver and gold inthe country. The farmers | will be able to borrow money upon the credit of | their landed possessions. Confidence will succeed to distrust—will extend itself to citizens of the same State, to citizens of different States, and to all ranks of the community. P F Upon this security, foreigners will compare their | happiness at home, to the advantages this country may afford. The view will be flattering to their future Seetanee, and the precarious funds of Europe will be drained, to accomplish the valuable acqui- sition of procuring Americen lands. Let us anite. and we shall be eared. If we eplit, ht eee despised—forei, licies will sport with our fol- lies and weakness; we shall be played off against | each other. If my information is right, the con- | stitution proposed hes justly alarmed tle cabinet of Britain, whose views by no means are with- drawn from us. In the event of Union, the people of this State are particularly interested as public creditors. 1 cannot be denied that the rise of landed property, the increase cf commerce, and a prudent manage- ment of our imports and excises, will be a fruitful source of revenue, vastly superior to the exigencies of government. The surolus will be applied to the and domestic debt. The former may be advantageously payed off, through the medium of commercial intercourse, under a proper agency. The latter, by assuming a national description, | will be consolidated into one eral mass, the interest of which will be provided for annually. It will be called American stock. Under these erations, it may not be amiss to remark, that this State, during the late war, was the theatre of action. Acsaii on every side by the common enemy, its militia were ofie. in the field; its quota of continental troops were huge, and the supplies furnished by the farmers, have left them to this day with no other signs of payment than their just and — demands. It then follows, that its farmers soldiers, haviag more due them than eitizens of other States, in proportion to their numbers, will have inore to receive. The Sword and the Plough will not, until this time, ineet each ite proper reward. One national stook, interesting the individuals generally in its eservation, will foster an effection for each other. in the eace of disunion, | could draw a picture of the consequences, founded upon human nature, that wonld pierce the coldest heart with horror: ambition would feed discord; the strong would oppress the weak; violent passions would be mao olf against violent prejudices; and who knowa, bat from the wreck of the general confusion, some despot may rise, and rob us of our liberties forever. From tre Urrrn Rio Grixor.—We leara, th the Deputy Postmaster at Rio Grande City, that the notorious Palacios, whose escape from custody in that we noticed some time vince, is again at his old tricks. On the evening of the Ist inst., he & man (a teamster), named Wm. Ureey, at or ccar Camar ia Mexico, and fled to this side of the river. He was fired at three times on_ the same night, ia the streets of Rio Grande City, bat succeedad in escaping The te +b A pamphlet. which will undoubtedly at is to be published ft The Mysteries of the Blysce will contaia mapy curious document vor to procure one of the first cpl: sued, and | will send it to you. One ef the most attractive ceremonies of the week ‘was that which took place, on Friday last, at Rueil. in commemmoration of (uven Hortense, Countess of St. Leu, and mother of Louis Napoleon, Her grave bad been erected there by the side of that of the Empress Jonephine, and it was always respected, even during the reign of the Bourbons. The church of Rueil hi been arrayed with its mourning drers, sad the sight was really solemn and imporing. The President - by bis retail, and escorted by the battall h regiment ot infs arrived a compant There, as well a everywhere, Louis Napoleon bad followed by the Décen: ho epolled the ¥y those foolich shouts of * Vive Napoleon V'Empereur b the President passed the review of hour after, the same display of was offered to the people by the but it proved ‘no go.” Ali this od Fienoh, tiver sa poudve aur rows ) is said to be la gages of the Kiy fs what ail, moincaur— (waste o ‘The health of th of very great danger. majesty, instead of recov ing, is growing worse; and it ie be! that she die before long. Ble 1s surrounded by ali her with the exception of the Duchess of Uriean Duke cf Nemours, who, om the eve mont, received a despateh by which they beard of the arrival of MM. Thiers and Oselmir Pe rie, who had cross ed the ebannel in order to have # private interview with the heads of the d Orleans family. Maay rumors have been spread relative to that visit to Vlaremout. it is well known that M. Thiers is the private adviser of the Duchess of Urieans, who never does anything without his consent—therefore the largest field is mow open to conjectures. It is said that the furwn of the two brenches of the Bourbons Is decided, and the re:urn of M. de Balvandy frem Frosdhorff, where he has been recvived with much feiendehip. has corroborated these romore. The newspapers of Vienna anoounce. on the 2d instant, that M de Saivandy had pub- lely need that Lhe two branches had decidedly consented to & fusion, and that the Dachess ci Urieaus uuld soon adhere te this arrangement, by which ber eon had the best chaace to return to France. In Piedmont, affairs, instead wem to be more aod n place between the government of Tain of the P he depart ment of the hk much honor, Thus some people ray that on good terms with in which isso neces army, ‘efused to consent to such @ condition, o walls of Friederichstadt. But o: attack was made by the treo; which they were defeated; an retired to Siiderstapel a1 bourg, where he was received with much honor. big be Poland, which is suid to be oa the eve of t It is assured that the Emperor Nicholas that he will give to bis son, the heirof oro. Russia the bingdom of Poland. wad that he will do all in bis power to congregate under the sceptre of the pew king all the people ef Hclavony, No doubt this will be one of the bent illustrations of the reiga of Nicholas In Spain, great preparations are made to send forces toCubs. The fleet, which will sail on the Lith instaat, under the command of the Count dw la Concha, will bo com posed as follows : — man. of-war of 74 guns. ranze aud Perla, of 42 guns Cor- mm. of 16 guns Patriota, Habanera, Pelayo, Ner- encio, forming a force of 76 guns. ttes Habanero, Isabel If, and Juanita, having 5 1114 guns The lougres Teresia, Christina, Currucca, and Dopacion, each with a cannon of 45. Two steamers, the Blasco de Garay and Pizarro, of 350 horse power each, ond bavivg Alvaro ¢i Basan and Congre: and carrying 6 guna; and last, the Don Juan de Aus- of 2 cannon and 100 horse power. The whole waking @ force of 22 ships and 325 cannon. This fleet will be sufficient for the defence of Cuba and Porto Rico, and for the proteetion of the Spanish trade in the gulf ot Mexico. a. kh. ometa, Of 160 horse power each, THE GOSSIP OF PARIS. ss Panis, Oot. 10, 1850, Me Adam and the Republic— Annual Exhibition of Paint- ings—Vernet’s Pictures —The Standish Gallery —Sta- tues—New Men-of-War— Ballooning —Races—The Ne- paulese Ambassador—Lola Montes — Old American Sail- or—Return from Siberia~Death of Dr. Fouguier—M. Simounet—Mad'ile Ducy Barré, §o Avery heavy rain has been talling over our city, and with the exception of two days—Sunday last and Wednesday—we have been in the most disagreeable state. The McAdam roads of the boulevards are muddy d ina shocking conditien, and one who crosses these public thoroughfares is certain that he will sink three inches in the oursed “McAdam.” Buch are the im- provements. The Republic and McAdam are mud, and no mistake. A speculator has discovered that an ex, cellent speculation would be made out of the compost of the McAdam, with which he would mould bricks tor cleaning knives and steel. So far,s0 good! But what speculator will find means to make something out of the French Republic? “That is the question.” The anpual exhibition of paintings will take place in @ month, and, after ® long controversy, the adminis- tration of the Louvre has selected for its place the court of the Palais National, in which the masons a: to contain three or four thousand pictures. Many remarkable works will be exhibited this year. Among the most important, I will mention those of Mr. Ho- race Vernet, representing the “ Entry of the French Army at Rome,” and the “ Great Review of Satory,” (10th October, 1850.) which will be ready in time for the exbibition. The ovlebrated French artist, no doubt, will render this imposing sight with all his renowned talent, but many questions are already put on the tapis to know how he will represent the “lunch” of the troops. It is said that he will represent, in the back- ground, sort ef os life of Louis Napoleon. On the left will only seen the * Citadel of Ham,” and on the right a great number of * hams’ destined to the guilter ofthe Fre troops. Bince I am now on this subject of paintings. k it my duty to retract a little bit of intelligence which was contained in one of my kh T told you that Louis Philippe bad given the “Murée Standish” to the Louvi This news bad been spread by the friends ; bat it appears that such is not the , itandish”? ow packed up, and will be delivered into the hands of the business agent of the family ’Orleans The statue of General Oudinot, which has been ex- hibited here in front of the Louvre, was inauga: om the 26th inst. at Bar, in presence of the largert crowd ever even In the city. Another statue wili soon be erected in the city of Salon, Department of the Bouches du Khone, ia memory of Adam de Craponno, who was the luventor of the wondertul canals by which that part of France is made the most tertile of the whole country. ‘The large man-of-war, La Ville de Paris, of whivh I spoke to you in several of my letters, was lwunched on the 6th inst at Rochefort, in presence of more tuen 20,000 persons, The whole affair was eplendid—and now France possesses another mammoth ship, which sary to the public treasury of that Kingdom, [ think it would be # terrible biow,if the Pope were ever to throw his “ interdiction’ on Picdmout, whers the whole population is composed of very pious Catholics. As for the loan, it has been already contracted. Menara. Kothechild will be at the head of the aifair; but they bave been shoaldered by Auntria, aod thus the sectle ment of the tribute which hae been taxed upon Pied , by the treaty of pence of Radetaki, will be se- 4 and paid to the Austrian government. The same influence of Austria may be observ Tore here the press is muzzled, fo epity of all the ding treaties; and, no bt, there may be seer of Austria , affairs are more embroiled thi 2 ever « ‘The ajlair of ease Cassel is growing worse He. Ddrother to the “Hungarian batebe of the public press. to obey the law by which they were to surrender their muskets, In rity was misunderrtood. and the Ge: sued an atrest, by whieh he was accused of abuse of wer A ‘tion was sent to Wilhemebad, to the Biter of the State, but we do not know, as yet, the re- there is much said of a change which net of Berlin. M. ae be elected President of the Council, and Mersrs de Manteufel (who is to be replaced by Mr. Mathir) and Count of Brandebourg will retire The arrival of Mr. Radowits at the Ministry Is qaite significant; and, though it fs assored that the inp». ror Nicholas t# mot in favor of it, it is certain thet he ‘will soon change his opinion, ‘The Empetor of Austria left Vienna, a fortni on bis wey % the frontiers of Bavaria and where he is going to mort the Ki Yemberg and Saxony. | Is is believed ¢ | and offensive treaty will be signed bet: tentates, and that every meaus will make the King of Benevet i as organ of the Germanic Jontederation Danish LT tie certain that it will has been ween France, A pro by = Ma the Dachies ovotinued te the the Danish affair caused great excivemeat in that pliee, and every effort was male to secure his arrest. We hope the scouadre! will be -—— and broaght to ‘nation. — Brownsville ( Texas) wel, Oct. 9. former, pe of Priedert ish army had re- tired, under the commend of the Colonel Latour da will soon display her national flag on the wide ocean. The Fitle de Poris was begun in 1807, and the money spent for her construction amounts to three miliions of trancs ti ‘The balloon races are “ all the tracted ut the Hippodror of 8,000 persons. Mr. Godart, having achieve: ing of bis ballorn, took with fi Messrs, De Nicolai, Turgan, M Godart. Jr., departed trom q ter past four, and at te nutes to ten they arrived at a small village near Ostende. in Belgium, having thas made 100 leagues (300 miles) in leas than five hours, ‘The balloon of Messrs. (odart is the largest ever seea in France or Engiand. it is of 19 metres 10 inches hoight; 14 metres 25 Luches wide; its circumierence is of 67 metres 77 inches, and its superticies of $42 metres. 1t coutains 1.792.000 quarts of gas, While this journey was taking place, Sejior Moute- major, the Spanish acronaut, is finishing his prepara- tions at Madrid, whence he will depart on the 1th in- stant. ‘The races of Chantilly, which are the most cele- brated of the season, tock place on Monday last, and Were 6 brilliant as ever before, Those of the Champ de Mare will b gin on Monday next, and the premiums will be delivered by the city of Paris, The horses which will run on that occasion are sald to be of the finest blood. this will add @ new interest to the wd aul. ‘bs ‘on der Tann, having the Danes de- clared that they would bury themselves under the 5th instant en | olstein, di of | was then summoned to Cairo to ark arrived on the 27th of last month, at Flens- One of the most important events of this year will | that Hassan the resurrection of the ki stom of wo of | un, Phe | now erecting & provisional building, capacious enough | and eka} Senet 48 £100,000 ati me ye a directed against him. On Sane demanded to give an ad= count of the deficiencies he invariably brought for- | Ward some excuse to delay the investigation. He there as Minister of Foreign Affairs, but ihe refused to go on the plea of illness. Finally, having learned tha, the President of the Council at. | Cairo, was on his way to Alexandria with orders | to take him up to Cairo, Artin Bey availed himself of the only chance of cacene then left him, and | secretly io on board the French steamer, which left for Beyrout on the very day of the arrival of Hassan Pagha at Alexandria. A few weeks ago Artin Bey, apprehending, no doubt, some harm to nimself, Raa ay for leave of absence, on the plea of ill h . Permission was grapted to him, but on his asking to take his family with him he was refused, the government, no doubt, suspecting an intention on his part of not returning to Egypt, if he once got away with all his family. Stephani Bey has been appointed Minister of Foreign Aflairs in the room of Artin Bey. Edhem Pasha his been named Minister of Com- merce, in lieu of Ismail Bey, who has held the ap- pointment since Artin Bey was deprived of it. This | change has given general satisfaction, as Ed! | Pasha, from the nature of his office, will be in com stant contact with Europeans. He is a liberal minded man, educated in France, has spent several | years in England, and is coaversant with the prin- | cipal European languages. On his appointment, Abbas Pasha recommended to him the most seru~ pelons impartiality in his intercourse with European merchants. The Settlement of the Territorial Dispute ; in America. [From the London Chronicle, Oct. 1.) The facilities of telegraphic communication are so widely extended in the United States, and the appetite of American newspaper conductors for news of a certain description 18 so rapacious, and grutifies itself so ponent }, that we were not with- out hope of being enabled te announce in the course of yesterday the disappearance of the last element of difficulty in the slave controversy. The distance, however, which intervenes between Galveston and New York, and the ex nary falsitication of intelligence by the Southern press, has rendered it still, in some measure, uncertaim whether or not the Texan government has aban- doned its audacious design of an armed interference | in the concerns of New Mexico. One account, which our correspondent reproduces, and which we shall be glad to find confirmed by our next | despatch, states positively that the Texan State Legislature has peaceably accepted the sum _prof- fered by Congress in satisfaction of the Texam claims; and we read in the journals that the sovernor is believed to have recalled some militia which had already commenced their march upon the north-western frontier. In fact, the palpable checks which the young State has received during her brief career, as the exclusive champion of the Southern interests, may be fairly supposed to have | taught her the advisability of greater moderation | and a less presumptuous attitude. All the measures of settlement against which she had set her face | have been at last adopted by the Central Legislature ; the rebellious message of her Governor has been universally treated as @ document of great impudence and small im- portance ; and a lust blow has been given to her credit and influence by a rumor (probably @ false one) of her having nazarded the overture of certain treasonable projects to the executive offi- cers, in one or two of the more violeat amoag the Southern States. We imagine that her acquiescence may be presumed on no other grounds thao the certainty of shameful defeat, if she continues te resist, and the natural attracuions of the money which is offered toher. To OS peer country like Texus, populated by a hardy an Poi race, the payment into hand of some millions of dollars must Constitute an overpowering consideration. A Mexicen province might dispense for centuries with roeds and public works; but the first thought of Anglo-Saxon communities in America is to vide them on a scale commensurate with U aspirations. Foryears p st, Texas has been trying to borrow the means of construction. The fun which not very long ago might have been elici from the pockets ot English capitalists, by the mere enumeration, in an executive message, of her miverals, produce, and water privileges, are only to be collected at a ruinous sacrifice, from a geae- ration which has been bitten by Mississippi. Texas must accept the compensation money, or suffer cruelly for the pecuniary sins of her sister slave State. On the very admissible hypothesi of Texas in New Mexico will be conclusively ex- tinguished by the ueceptance of the payments which the compensation bill authorizes, every branch of the great question betweea North and South, io ite latest phnee, hes been arranged in precive accord- anee with the suggestions of Mr. Clay. The die Jecta membra of his compromise were adopted, by the House of Reprecentatives, after a series of un- dignitied vacillations which we recorded last week —having been first sanctioned in priaciple, them rejected, then re-considered, and finally passed into law. We discero in this extraordinary scene a lively illustration of that conflict of motives which must have agitated the lower Ho A few of u@ members may have bestowed their unreserved approval on the projects of compromise before them ; but to the great majority they must have been in a greater or less degree unwelcome. Un- like the Senate, which is delegated by the States, the inferior braoch of the central Legislature di- rectly represents and reflects the misses. members are immediately accountable to constitue encies which have hardly yet realized the dangers the Union has incurred, and which can searcely be prevailed upon to relax the pledges which they exacted of adherence to a Southera or a Northern | policy. Not a third, probably, of the represea- | tatives in the House had been endowed with | wofficient power or prudence, to secure their re- turn unfettered by promises of unconditional sup- port or of uncompromising enmity to the Wilmot | provieo. Thus all the iofluences immediately operating on the body, with whom rested the final ul arrived at Marsellies on t, after having passed through the largost cities of our Southern depart ta, where he was @ with the utmost enthusiasm. At Lyons b lion” ot the eity ; A pleasure of 1meeting t try, with whe These Indies ladies of rank trem his coun- le to #peak hisowe languay mes Court and Allard, tao In- is the widow of General AL a Mie, th dria. whece he will cross the Desert to the Red Ses, aud there take @ steiner bound for Calcutts Lola Meptes, the celebrated arenfuriirr, does not wish to be conrcled, since the departure of the [Indian Prince. It is enidin some qasrters, that haviog sta died the inconstency of our humanity, she has resolved to retire into acenvent. Her jatention is to go to Madrid, and there to enter the House of the Carmelites, We have a French proverb whieh says, * ywand le dia dev ient views il se fait hermite” j I had the pleasure, the other day, of shaking hands with an old Amerienn snilor, who had been taken from Engl by « doctor, to be presenied to the Acndei dicibe. asa specimen of the mort ty. This seaman, whose name Getober, 1750. | Wale. one of im present at th evouped death as if by mi from Siberia, where | the war of | Napoleo eturned is that of a m named Sebastien Haltzaker, 00 years old, who was oop. | tured in 1813, and sent to the mines, The poor old man found his wife married to another. She had ex- pected bim five years, and baring not heard anything about his tate, bad married another man Dr. Fouquler, one of the most celebrated doctors of | Paria, who was midecin of the ex King Louis Philippe, | and Professor of clinique snterne, at the Academy, died & few days ago. Lis loss is much felt among the ts | . Mr. pion, well-known in Pari¢ un name of © the man with the blue clon’ tles are eo numerour, among the poor. durin winter, i* very dangerously ill This moan is eighty-five years old, and fears a that he will die. Mr. Simounet, formerly F rem York, has been named Knight of the gion of Honor, This just reward for the services rende of France in New Yor! y. has beeo mu Td this will find am eoho on the talented danrewse, theatre in her the prettiest foilettes de thictre ever the boards of « theatre in New York. ry the am: rous In the United States State of Kgypt. SERIOVS DEPALCATION OF THK PRIME MINISTER-- ABSCONDING OF ARTIN BEY, ETC. Artin Bey, the Prime Minister of Egypt, fled from the country on the bith September, in a French steamer, and proceeded to Beyrout, whence he was to embark for Constanti . Some think that he is still on boerd the French steamer, which has returned from Beyrout, and is now in this port on her way back to Marseilles, For some moaths st, Artin Bey has been in bad odor with the Sgyptian government, and Abbas Pasha was be- coming more and more estranged from him. On Artin Bey's visit to Constantinople in the beginning of the year, the Sultan received him with the reatest honors, it was generally that Fhe Prime Minist hority was con! and that he would al be the head man in Egypt. Until then Artin had been both Minister of Foreign Affairs and ster Ch bal ibe latter appointment was bestowed ona Turk, he retained only the former. An audit of all ac- counts eppertaining to the Ministry of Commerce having been ordered, several considetadle defi- aecision of these disputes, were of a local and sec- tional character; but, at the same time, its duties | were imperial. [t had assembled to legislate, not against, but forthe Union. Though elected, as regards its several members, by the populations of | cireumscribed d it was delegated t a great federa' pire. isto the a | between the purposes and the method of its con- | stitution chat We must ascribe the fluctuations of its votes. Respect for its constituents, and for the | solemn pledges ithad given them, alternated with | reverence for the sacred obligations it had bound itself to discharge; and so even does the play of motives appear to have been, that the Union seems almost to owe its preservation from present peril te nothing more appreciable than ao accideat At a future period, we may attempt to subject to 4 more formal analyris the circumstances under which the latest chapter of Ame ory is closed. For the moment a great danger is averted. In the admission of California, aud in the ga bition of the slave trade in Columbia, the North enters prima facie into the enjoymeat of as muck as it can equitably demand; while the South has gained advantages quite out of proportion to its im- trinsic Weakness, in securing the extradition of gitive negroes, aud the orgauization of the territe- ries without the Wilmot provieo. But a more sas- tained glance into the perspective of the futare must show that the great dispute, and the extine- tion of the mighty wrong of slavery, which cam be the enly result of its next revival, are only ad- journed tll the ripeness of time. The principal cou- cession accorded to the So anting to New nd Utsh the privilege of fixing for them selves the conditions of labor, has only been gai because the preponderance of evidence was in favor of the utter unfitness of thoere countnes for slave culture. To the north, east, and west, the bounds of negro servitude are settled, and the meeting of a final limit to its expansion is equivalent to the destruction of the system. The enormous costiiness of their instrument of labor, and the | consequent necessity of continually up in soils in order to apply it with profit, are the | considerations which have inspired the Southern | proprietary with their relentless greed of new terri+ | ory. The slaveowners know that they must | perieh if cloved ia, and that nothing but the broad savannahs of Texas,now desecrated to their service, prevent them from instantly exhibiting the tokens of decline and decay. How eoon the symptoms of exhaustion will be discernible in the vast area of which Mexico was deprived, we can conjectare when we have more reliable accounts of ite capacity for cultivation. The time, however, for displaying them must come at last, valess it be eguin postponed by aseeond violation of the rig! of nations, perpetrated for the sake of en ing & standing outrage on the rights man. Constantly watching beth the great Northern par- ties, but identifying itself with neither, the South may again become the eee for whose counte- nance they will contend with servile deference. Am opportunity may then again — iteelt, when am accese of irenzy or an ebb of principle has taken possession of the masses—“‘the Continent di to the Isthmus” may become the watchword Executive policy: id Mexico may be annexed to renew the lease of slavery. Hoy. Hexny CLay at Home —Mr. oC ceived with great demonstrations of Aa 4 peraiet enth on bis arrival at nfires are kindled, and cannon disc: honor, and an immense crowd assembled to meet him. He was he kindness, and eondition of the country, he told them as he was to meet them, there was an about a mile and a half off (pointing to with whore he had lived fifty years, aad whom would rather eve than allot them. Me wastes leased, after this good natured Temath, an! safiersd to go howe. — Lowisville (Ky.) Cowrer, Out. 16, Mexic