The New York Herald Newspaper, October 22, 1850, Page 6

INTERESTING FROM THE I0E REGON, Intelligence from the American Arctic Sxpedition. U. S. Baie Avvanog, August 18-23, 1850. Hi Lat. 76 deg. G6 min N—lon. 71 deg. W. We think we have at last got round the pack yee; if eo, we shall be in Lancaster Sound ina few days. 1 intend, therefore, to have one seraw!, at least, ready, in caee we fallin with a whaler bound home or to England. 1 shall commence back at Uppermarick, the place we seat letters from heen doing last, to relate what We hat siince. About two days after leaving the latter pl we saw an open passage in the pack, extending os far as we could see | westward, the direction we Wished to go, 80 the | captain steered for it, thinking we might be able to get to Lancaster Sound, through the pack, instead of going round it, which we could do in one-third the time, if we found a clear passage. We sailed on slowly for a day or two, until the 7th of July, when the hard work commenced. Every hour or so, we would bring up hard and fast in the ice, when ‘all hanes und the ship’s cook” would have to get cutand break it up, te enable us to pass through, which | a»sure you was by no means easy work feet thick day's work:—“At Il P. M., both brigs got hard and fast; got cut axes, crows, and saws, but as fast as we cut the ice away, it would fill up again. At twelve, finding we were not adle to get through, made both brigs fast to the ice.” We were trying this day to cut through into open water abeed, but were not able to do it; so we tied up and laid there four days and fourteen hours without moving an inch; while we were fast, | was @awing a piece of we from uoder the counter, when it vave way, and in | went, boots andall. I tell you it was a coid bdth the water was 29 deg., while the thermometer im the sun stood at 58 deg. The 12th ot July; the ice opened a little; we got under way and made abouta mile, when we had to to tie vp again. This day for the first time, ‘we saw a white bear within half a mile of the vessel. We mauned a boat and started aiter him, but were not able to get within shot of him, so we were forced to let the gentleman go his way. From the 12th of July to the 29:b, we made about nine miles, and that by hard werk, I can tell you; most all of it by warping. would not make an inch; others we would work from morning ull night and sake about half a mile. Some days we made a mile or two, but the 17th of July was a hard one. eight o’clock in the morning until tweive at night, (sixteen hours,) cutung through the ice three feet thick, «nd mide only two ship’s lengths ahead. Lf that was not a high time, there never was oae. ‘The 20th we were twelve hours making three- quarters of a mile. [tell you what it is, it makes my old bones iuuyh to turn in after working a crow bar and @ saw «il day, and sometimes half the night. On the eveoing of the 2let we pursued another bear, but be escaped us by jumping inte the open water, And aguin, on the following night all the cfiicers of the verse! turned oul, and started after one of the largest | have everseen. He went off about half a mile from the ships, und lay down to take ausp. So we thought we could crawl up and hit him under the iug before he saw'us; buthe ‘Was too smart tor us, for When We got within about two gun shots of lim, he jumped up, and after tak- ing & good jeok ut v8, bade us youd-bye. I sup- pose be was about awe feet long. We continued cutting and Warjoy vottl the 25:n, when we warp. ed into clear, and ted « fine run of 60 miles, after which We were brought up again all standing; we were able, however, in a lite while, to go on for 90 miles more. We were thea workiag out of the pack, toweids the leud, to try und go round it, for we found il imporsible to get ugh; there bas been but passage made througa, and that, I think, wes by Sir John Ke thas been tried many times. W hile tast in the ice one day, seve- Tal of us visited an iceberg above waleiwhly «oui it was about 300 lieve, is about 1-7 @ 1-5 above, which would angi bout 2,100 feet from top w bettom, a goodly lump of ice, large | enough to supply the whole Uuited States for some time. You huve no conception of what hagemass- es of ice there ere up here. Without exaggera- tion, | heve ceen icetergs almost half a mile long. I measured one with @ tape tine. which | found be one bundred ond ninty-seven feet above water On the we discovered another bear, ud of open water. The Ree and they wou!d have kilked tb D when the got within filty yards of bim he @wem to ©, crowied up, abd made tracks. When th ton the 2 is no use fol- lowing | i while we were Wer , With t scue in tow, the second «tf eletier el (Mr. ©.) diseov- ered a bear swimming © veusel, some distance fiom the main flow y immediately took « boat, end started for him. When he Saw them coming Se swam to a small piece of ice, the only thing near him, and come | menced crawling up; ut boat haviag reached within terty yatds of him, they tired; he sucee 4 ou the ice however,though one bali him of the use of bs hind legs by & we; he was able to make but litte resistance after this, and was finally de- spatched with an exe. He measured six feet four inches from tip to lip, the tail measuring 4 inches; he hed @ teot on hia 10) inches long. What a wipe | he would bit a fellow over the heal. Now comes | my bear hunt. | hed just tured ia, on the lth, when the Loctor ¢ dowa inthe cabio, aud said there were thiee bears ia sight. I turned out before you couldeay Jack Rot »2—gol my mue- ket wendy ead n deck | weat; we were Gniling ot the ti ) &uarrow lead of water, but would econ bring up. We were laying our plans te ret these fellows, When, tu our surprise, three n hove in sight on the other si de of we bepe hink « the boot was on the other leg, wad ney were about te round us. The toot three «© made were the nearest, and when we got wu ut five haadred yards of them, they jumped t he water end swam towards us. The Ue ' “tor, several men, and myself, took a boot ana went in pursuit. The men fired before we were bear exoogh—none of their bulls seemed to take eflect. We kept on afier them; it was amu- @ng to cee them pitch and rcramble to get out of our way. When we were within wbout thirty yards of them, I m having missed fire. bow , for | had become very coger om the chese; he gave mendous howl, ard keeled up. We towed him to the ship, and found that my bell had carried away all the top of his head, though he had been wounded be- fore. He mecsured five feet nine inches—paw, ten inches. ‘The others succeeded ia makiag their escape. | have never before heard of six bears having been seen at once. We have thet twelve in all, and | expect shall see plenty more this winter Qn the Lib, we managed to get over to Greenland We rengin2close to the shore and dropped an- chor. We lay there enly a few hours, and then went on our winding way. The 17:h, when off Cape Dud- ley Lng he water looked very clear of ice to the westward; we thought we must certainly be of the pack. Vessels generally cross here. We struck cerose, with a fine breeze from the ward, ard ren into Lancaster Sound on the . As We were entering the Sound, we discovered two veerris astern of us, standiog the same way as ouree.ses. Werhortened sail and let them come up; they proved to be the Lady Fraoklia and So- ma, uncer Ceptain Penny, in search of Franklin. € thought we were so long ia the pack (three Weeks) tunt we were behind all the English ships, but find from Capt. Penny that we are ahead of them «ll. Commodore Austin, with his four le—iwo of them steamers—left Whalefish ia six days before we did; be is now about two hundred miles behind us. “We discovered ol esterday. We bore up for her, and found it to be Sir Joba Rose. Tine ie theta time he has been op here; the last time was in A529, when he lost his vessel, and was picked up by whalers, ofter being here more thaa hve yeare; he is now seventy-five years old. We d the jace gears where the whalere found him. ein here ia a schooner, varch of Franklin. He informed that the North Star, a vessel sent here last year, was at Port Leo Pole—the place wwhere we ate bound to—and will soon retura to Englend: which will five us a fine opportunity to send letters, which will probably be the last of this year. We shall be at Leo Pole in a very short ome, if the wind holds ; we will stop there only a few hours, to get what information we can, to teave cur letters, and then proceed to Cape Walker—if the North Star has bearl no- thing trom there; and if we heur no news there, we will proceed to Wellington Straits. From thence it would be impossible to tell ‘What ocrcourre will be. [thiok we will winter in | Melville iviond; we have met with no ice in Bar- '¢ hope, therefrore, to be able to doa to deal vefore the winter sete in, and if Sir Joon rasklin of any of hie crew are alive, our a ere very goed for finding him. When ‘we were ares eweeks in the peck, only making twenty-one miles, ‘we though: our prospects were rather ns d that ell the other expeditions were abead of it on entering Lancaster Sound, to our great , with any m, ond ere now before them, unless in light, we found that we were even of Peany got ahead of 08 in a small gale, we e to the | Leo Pole; we shall not run in, but ond s ost. Sometimes the ice was from three to four | 1 will give you a little abstract of one | Some days we | We worked fiom | feet, other day. All the English vessels have experienced Greenland masters, oro) whalemen, for pilots, ‘To-day is the 23d, and we are within about thi miles of port Leo Pole, but, unfortunately, the wins ahead ; however, | think we shall get in some time tonight. I have never enjoyed better health in my bfe time than now, and have gained so much in flesh that I can hardly wear my overcoat that [ wore last winter, even without any other coat under it. We have not yet putup eur stoves, al- though the thermometer stands from 40 to 42 deg. iv ‘he cabin; but we have delayed using them in order to feel them more when it drops to 50 des. be'ow Zero. 1 wish you could see the Esquimaux women; they would cuta Great figure in your re- ion, in their seal skin breeches. ‘he only chance ot yoer writing to me is by the whalers next year More come up here from England than from the United States. We aye now about ten miles from Yours, &e., ngtom Gorrespondciuce. Wasuinaton, Oct. 17, 1850. | Jchn B Weller and the Boundary Commission— | The Charges of Mr. Ewing Repelled. | A great deal has been said throughout the coun- | try, and more particularly in Washington, about | the alleged defalcation and extravagance of Joha B. Weller, late Boundary Commissioner to run the’ California boundary line. Mr. C. L. Weller, who | was engaged in the commission, has published a full history of all the transactions, together with the charges inthe Union newspaper, of which I send you an abstract. He says that the charge of | Unmecessary extravagance was raised against the commission long before he reached the field of his labors, end meny of which are still unknown to | the late commissioner. Mr. Ewing insiawated | that a portion of the vouchers of Mr. Weller had been rejected by the Fifth Auditor, and wrote to | that officer demanding the reason why they were rejected. Butit sppears that such was not the case, and Mr. Ewing could not show to the Se- nate that his insinuation bore the stamp of truth. | Mr. k.wing’s churge that the Commissioner was a defaulter, was like the charge of extravagance, to | tally without fouadation in truth. In his commu | nication to the Senate on this subjec', he presenta a statement,showing that Mr. Wcate. had received | Our | and drawn fOr... .+.-s.+ esse cece oo++ $47,325 00 And that his vouchers ia the Fifth Audi tor’s office, amounted to. scoceee 48,887 18 | caeeeniniaal Leaving a balance against him of. + $3,487 82 Jt is also there stated that his vouchers | embraced no charge for salary, which | began 24th Januery, 1549, and up to | the date of this document (27h Fe- | bruary, 1860) there was due him one yearend one month’s salary, at $3,060 per annum, which amounts to.. + $3,250 00 Making him a defaulter for.......... $237 52 | On the 2d of May last, the Senate called for document thirty-four, in which Mr. ap ain attempted to show the Commissioner a defaulter, end in it the account is a stated, and shows an apparent balance against Weller, of $2,253 67. But in a postscript to this statement, is an ac- | knowledgement that he had yet drawn no salary. Mr. Weiler only claimed pay up to Slst March, 1860, a date anterior to the date of this document, which amounted to.... 5 rom which, if we deduct the balance shown above against him, of.... . We have left, as due Mr. Weller....... $1,304 67 ‘The account of Mr Weller, as preseated by his attorney, in general terms, was passed by the Fifth Auditor, and settled, except in one item of $750. The final account of Mr. Weller, of course, ex- cepting the ount for transporting home the com- mission, and as pessed by all the accounting oili- cers, siands: es, to Jobn B. Weller, . Dy he United Stat Ir. To talery, disbursements, &c 883 33 2,253 67 t. By amount of drafts, &c., received.... 53,602 89 -——~ Balance due Mr. Weller..........0.+. $4,285 49 Deducting the item before mentioned, the ac- count leaves a balence due to Mr. Weller, of $3,525 49, and it is probable the disputed item will be paid, as it eed the late acting Secretary of he Interior. It will be seen that the Commis- sioner’s drafts were protested when the: balance in his favor; and though an additional ap- proprintion of $50,000 has been made by Congress for the Poundary,Commission, Mr. W. is obliged to wait until the next session of Congress, before he can get what is due to him. The whole of the last eppropriation is exhausted, except $1,837 54, whieh 16 all Mr. Weller can have at present. In consequence of the protests entered against his drafts by the Secretary of the Interior, the Com- Tuiesioner Was subjected to great private losses, as well as mortitication. All the letters of Secretary Ewiog were in the President’s message, exce t one; but of those writ- ten tothe Deparcment by the Commissioner, and bis attorney, not a single allusion was made in the rome meseage of President Taylor, on the 2lst of Japuary, 1860, hig The writer charges Secretary Ewing with su»- pressing from the Senate all the communications of the Commissiouer, while those ot other mem- bers cf the comnnssion are referred to. If the facts areas stated, the conduct of the Secretary was most reprehensib: ‘asuine ros, October 17, 1850. The Puilic Printing. We ore indebted to the speech of Mr. Orr, of South Carolina, on the subject, for the follow- | ing statistics of the public printing. They are quite | sufficient (o show that the “ evil has increased, is increasing, and ought to be diminished ":— Cosoness Pauw 1D at $49 552 14 36.598 19 81.400 99 67,721 59 126-360 60 163 243 95 103. 677 84 v2 84 12 103 519 19 146.703 43 78,684 21 104.689 31 131,109 08 136,567 86 149,189 46 174.445 2 200,258 14 From 1 Dee. 1839..4.. 1840. Ritchie and Heiss, printers, Two hundred thousand two hundred and fifty- cight dollars for one year’s printing, alarmed both houses. And perhaps it was well enough; for the printing the next year, including all the reports on the Mexican war, would have run up, on the old rices, (he sum of the costs to nearly half a million. he contract system wi opted. Wendell & Co. got ‘he work at prices so utterly ruinous that ulthovgs the work was reduced to the cheapest o! all cheap materials, they lost some €25,000 by the bargain. And they have not be idemnified, be- cause of the unsatisfectory eter of the work, and because they ought to have known better than to make such a micerable bargain. And yet, with the experience of Wendell & Van Benthuysen before his eyes, Father Ritchie under- took the work of the present Congress at still lower prices, end hes been treated exactly in the same way in the refusal of indemnity by the House. Our Boston Correspendenee, Bostox, October 3, 1850. Size of Shipa—Packet Ship Antartic— Clipper Ship Surprise, &e. ‘Ten or twelve years ago a packet ship of 1000 tons was considered too large—too unwieldy for the European trade; but now, any vesee! less than a thousand tons is regarded as something below the common standard. When the English East India Company had the mor ly of the China trade, they had ships varyin, 1000 to 1500 tons; and there were then largest merchant vessels in the world. Many of them are still ran- hing; but by the acconuts which from time to time —_ in the English papers, few, if any ve» t sels of their eize are built at the present day ven and eight hundred spear to be the highest retes of mercha: ogland. The nial built timber droghers hardly be denominated shipe--they run only o few years, and are then broken up end built into other vessels. While Englend, therefore, is diminishing the sige of her ships, we are inereasing the size of ours. The size of our peckets, and many of our freigh | varies from 1000 to 2000 tone register; nor is this all: the ships built recently are invariably d to stow large cargoes compared with their regiat = he time, sailing qualities were deemed of iret im) | everyth passengers can she accom- modate cargo can rhe stow! are the lending que sions of ship-owners. Ifa ship ails fast, | so much the better; but it ia not now considered so | oseential ae it Was a few years ago. Phere ate, | however, a few exce to this rule. The ship | Cornelius Grinnell, of which I sent you a sketch a few months sinee, and the Antaretie, for Zerega & Co.'s line of het, though both large vessela, were designed to sail fast. Both were built at Fast Boston, by Mr Donald Mi Kay, and both ars excellent hy ae 4 Antare'ir rey ere 1s tone; ie 179 feet long between po cn ra, has feet extreme breadth ©! beer 234 feet depth of held 12 inehes dead rise at half floor, 2 feet eon | inches swell or rounding of sides. Her | frame is of white onk, end ehe is rg! sheathed } planked with yellow p As she has ne | hold beomsa, like the ship Cornelius Grinnell, l her thick work below is very massive and extra fastened. She has two tiers of midship keelsons, sister and bilge keelsons, and etring- ere upon which the lower ends of her hangin, knees rest. Her bold stancheons above and below, and her breast and after hooks cross all the cants diagonally, and are very stout. The cei in her hold varies from 12 to 74 inches in thickness, and is all square-bolted. Her between decks are lofty and well ventilated, and are entire- ly clear for the accommodation of steerage paseen- gers. On deck she has a full topgatlant forecastle, which extends aft to the windlass ; and abaft the foremest she has a large house, which contains galleys, storerooms, &c. Her poop deck extends to the gangways, aud takes in the mainmast, and at sea can be connected with the house amidships, for the purpose of working ship. She has two after-cabins, for the captain and officers, and a large forward or second cabin, designed for the use of second cabin paseengers. These are all under the poe deck, and although plain, are remarkably well designed. The model of the ship, considering that she is designed to stow a large cargo, is one of the most perfect Fever saw ; and as proof of its harmony, I need only state that, to the eye, she doesnot appear to be more than 600 or 700 tons. We have ships here of 700 tons that eppear much larger. This shows the genius of her designer. She was rigged by New York riggers—the best in world—and, as a matter of course, looks beaw- tifully aloft. Her lower masts are, commencing with the fore, 50, 82, and 74 feet long; topmasts, 46, 47, and 36 feet, end the o hers in propo: The yards on the fore and mainmests are alike, viz., 72, 57, and 41 feet ; and on the mizenmast, 55, 44, and 32 teet. The bewsprit is 30 feet outboard ; jibboom 36 feet outside of the cap, divided at 16 and 14 feet for the inner and outer jibs ; spanker boom 47 feet, ard gati 36. Her fore und mainmasts, and bowsprit, are exch 30 inches in diameter, and are all single spars, without fishing. Tkroughont, I consider her one of the finest vessels ever built in this port; and one too, that, if properly commanded, must sail very fast. She is owned by Messrs. Ze- rega & Co., and is intended for'their line of Liver- pool packets. The clipper ship Surprise, owned by A. A. Low & Brother, of your port, will be launched on Satur- day, the 5th inst., and will be towed to New York at once, without being fully rigged—to load for California. She is, by all odds, the most beantifal ship of ber class ever built here ; and she will be commanded by one of the smartest men of the diy, Captain Philip Duraaresq. Mr. Samuel Halt built her 1 shall endeavor to send you a sketch of her at an early date. Clippers, varying from 1,600 to 1,000 tons, are all the rage here at present; and some of them will be magnificent vessels. Lazarus. Cur Poughkeepsie Correspondence. Poveuxersix, Sarurpay Evenive, Ocroner 19th, 1850. Great Blast on the Hudson River Ratlroad —The Decesion im the Case of Margaret Livingston— Democratic Candidate for Member of Congress— The Whig and Democratic Tickets—The Court of Oyer and Terminer. Ihave just returned from Stuyvesant point, on the line of the Hudson River Railroad, some four miles above this place. That part of the roadis now under contract to Messrs. Smith and Cleary, and to-day those gentlemen have been trying an experiment in setting off a large blast ig nag ac- tion of the galvanic battery. [t having ‘nm ru- mored abroad that the blast was to take place at half past two this afternoon, some twenty-five per- eons frem the village appeared upon the point about that time. However, owing to some delay, the battery was not got in readiness till nearly dark ; and many persous, becoming weary of wait- ing, left the ground. The rock to be blaated, con- sisted ef a solid piece of rock about a hundred feet in length, the top of which was thirty-five feet above the grade. Along the edge of the rock were drilled six large holes, averaging twenty-five feet in depth, and six inches in diameter at the bottom, and about eight at the top. About two feet back of these holes were more of the same dimen- sions. In the center of each of the first six holes, waa placed a rod twenty-five feet in length, throvgh which wires were passed, con- ngcting with the galvanic battery, ;which was situated about hundred feet distant. The holes were then loaded, three kegs of powder and sev- eral of orgy placed in each hole, round about the rods. Every thing then being in readi- nese, the spectators numbering some twenty per- sons, Withdrew to a neighboring point of land, to witness the explosion. Among other persons, we noticed Professor Morse, who took an active terest in the experiment, assisting in the prepara- tions, and superintending some of the arrange- mune, To assietin the experiment, he had pre- sented the contractors with a large quaotty of wire, three miles in length, and valued at a hun- dred dollars. A few moments after dark, sounded “Ail ready,” a flush was seen, a slight report was hear and it was all over. The report 8 not much louder than that of °n pistol t; and every one pronounced the blast @ failure. But upon visiting if, it was found that it has looseaed from (werty ts thirty thousand cubie feet of rock. A large crack, into which a person, standing by me, thrust his band, was found bez'noing onthe surface about eight inches from the ed, nd run- ning dewn diagonally some twenty- feet or more, till its further extremity waa lifteen or twen- ty feet from the outer edge. "It being dark, curate calculation was set made; but u was thought, by the contractors and others, that between tweaty and thirty thousand cubic feet hed been loosened by the blast. Op Monday next, the contractors willprobably fill the crack with powder, and then touch it off. By this means, the greater part, ifnot all the rock, will be thrown into the rive On Tuesday last, the co.nmissioners in the case of Margaret Livingston vs. the Hudson River Rail- road Company, met at the court house, in this vil- lage, and awerded Mre, L. eleven hundred dollars damages. The company had oflered her twelve huodred and fifty dollars; but she claimed eighteen hundred. The democrats in the district composed of the counties of Delaware and Ulster, have nominated Oren M. Allaban, Esq, of the former county, as their candidate for member ef Congress. In this county, the whigs, as weil as democrats, have now made out their whole ticket, with the exception of the nomination of one er two candi- dates for Assembly. The Court of Oyer and Terminer, for this coun- ty, will hold its session at the Court House, in this village, in December next. Wilkes’s trial will come on at that time, and much excitement will probably exist. the word was the horn was ys Our Canadian c orrespondence. Oct. 17, 1350. The Regatta—The Industrial Fajr—Steepla Chase, &. ‘This morning's rain made the strangers and citi- zens of Montreal unhappy, for it threatendd to check the pleasures of the day, and deny the fair ones an opportunity of sporting gay ribbons and glossy silks. At noon it was certain that the weather would be propitions, and forth into the streets swarmed every man, womaa, and child who could leave the houses. Religious bazaai or ragher bazaars with a religious object, waylaid the unwary, and levied toll upon the pious, The regatta was the first amusement of the day, and due attention was paid to the proceedings by the *pectators, who collected on the river bauks to the number of ten thousand. The interest was centred in the skiff race—that craft being most familiar to our river races. The struggle was well main- but Montreal was conquered, and the prize sturdy Upper di efron the regal la, the streets presented an et of unwonte jotion, for priest their elevés, equ and their trinkets, full drees, and strangers ia every style eq t, were to be seen pushing alon, throvgh the muddy streets towards Bonsecour’s merket, the upper flat of which was apprepriated for the uses of the Industrial Pair. [ thought t -selection of a market place inappropriate; and rooms, Cs capacious, were sombre, the stair. cases which led to them circuitous and dark The Hono og were placed in ene quarter, the maaufeciured goods in the opporite. 1 may here remork that the press were not invited to attend, and were, with few exceptio for admirsion. Im the next place, take note, eurreunded and elbow No catalogues were furnished; #pecimens were thus unkown tothe pablie. These acta of stu; are excusable, as the business was new to most of the committee. The specimens of manufeetured olothe, and edged ng were equal to aaything | bave seen in New York, taking quality for quality, The gold from the Chaudiere to be veen in virgin lumps, and so form: at I heard it so called, im i the eript! rden, upon a superb scale, contained all, and more than all, to becom here; but the variety of articles paraded as home manu- facture bodes for the country. Patent leather and dressed porpoise shins were novelties; and tobacco #, cotton clothe—artieles not hitherto deseribed as mative labor. The rooms felt close, theugh they did not contain much abeve three 5 Tomorrow, the steeplé chase comes of. The om to be run for ia one hundred pounde—n tempt- beit t@ the style of men here who covet such The corporation gave a public dinner. The neglected, at first, nd invites to the press; but theirnekets mot « well, they turned liberal, bd fyrvereed printed earde at 6 P.M. to dine at The Quebec brench of the City Bank losts $40,000 hy Cole, He intercepted $3,000 for- warded from here only two days before he bolted. His brother-in-law was bookkeeper, andis pow io limbo. The deficiency existed moaths—nay, years ago. Se much for the attention of the cashier. B. The Obligations of Citizexs under Popular Laws. The following is an extract from the remarks of the Hon. Judge Woodbury, at a recent se3- sion of the Usited States District Court, in Mas- sachueette, on the duty ef enforcing and obeying the laws, notwithstanding they may be unpopular: We are safest in our capacity of public officers to always walk steadfas: in the path of our duty, to execute the laws es they are, while others, who may make or retein bad laws, in the statute book are answereble for theirewn wrong. If they pre- serve laws on the statute book which are darkness rather than light and life to the people, theirs is the feult. In seme cases, also, where we think the existing laws or puntehments are wrong, and hence venture to encourage others wm disobedience hy neglecting to indict and puoish offeaders, it should make us pause and halt, when it is remem- bered it may turn out that we, ourselves, may not be exactly Solons or Solomons in these respects, nor quite 0 much wiser than the laws themselves, a8 sometimes We are hastily induced to suppose It would be a great public misfortune if these two crimes should be committed, rather than one, the first by the breaker of the obnoxious law, the second by any public functionary, who allows the real offender to escape unpunished. If, for instance, without looking to the experience of all eges, and the necessities of the case, we should not punish a seaman as we ought, who piratically runs away with 4 veseel placed in his trust, or who commits @ revolt under the paternal though severe discipline of his commander, or who sets fire to his veesel in the lonely wastes of the ocean, endan- gering, by example, millions on millions of property, and thousands on thousands of lives, by the most cruel and horrid burning alive which imagination can paint, and this only under some slight provoca- en Ag 0 Sad San If we should neglect our sacred and imperative duties, merely because, in eur individual opinions, that which is allow- ed by law, is not the most eligible course, end that parents, and those stan in their places, must spare the rod, however disobedieat the child. Or, if we Senly believe, because we live under a wise and glorious democracy for adults, there ig to be no subordination by miuors, or apprentices, or seamen, or soldiers, but all things are to be decided by each for himself, and the child punish the parent, the sailor discipline the captain, the militia-man or soldier issue orders to his general, and if we attempt to act as if all this was legal, rather than what our fathers, and our country, and Divine Revelation have duly upheld as law, we may learn too late that such a course is pp comegs destructive to all the best interests of society here, and the best hopes hereafter of those who inconsiderately indulge in it. We may properly feel indignant at oppressioa of every kind, mental as well as physical. And no sound principle, human er divine, requires us as free men and ae citizens, to approve what our rea- eon and conscience condemn, whether in ordinary cases, individual instances, or in those great strug- gles ot right, which have filled history with victims to political oppression and martyrs to bigotry and intolerance. But the mode of disapproving, the mode and time of resisting all, we condemn, should be right end legal, and, in an appropriate pees x treme measures can be resorted to properly, only #s citizens and after all others more moderate and eppropriate are first tried and fail. Extreme rem- edies, too, are justifiable only by citizens or legis- lators end for extreme evils—and in capacities und on oecasions suitable. Hence, if a wrong hap- pens to exist in some laws, it can never be e j heation with juror judges to commit another wrong and much less a crime. Oa the contrary, consideretions like these should be aa incentive to us in our present capacities to redress every spe- cies of offence ia our power legally, and to protect thore who have suflered, rather thaa the aggres- sore, 80 as to tempt the feeble and poor and op- pressed to seek such regular redress here, rather than take the law inte their wn haods, interested wd become themselves, even execu- than judges and parties. Miserable inust be the fate of that community, where the isters of the law are themselves disposed to disregard it, to aid, countenance and shield its vio- lators. If the egents of the law are to oppose it, uplees in justitiable revolutions, if the great inter- ests of society ure to be wounded and sacriticed by those who are appointed to become their seati- nels or pretectors, government will become a curse. Aud justly may we, us a people, instead of being the envy of the world, become the scoff and toon of all ia it thet is intelligent aud civilized and pure. And this whether such @ betrayal of public trust springs (rem the delusions of false phi- lanthropy or fanatical! prejudices, no jess than when it arises trom unbridled Lcentionsness. Itis the more unfortunate when the want of steadfastness and uniformity and fortitude or un- faltering courcge in the execution of the laws is common: because those qualities are not oaly ne- cessary to ensure an equal administration of the laws, but are iadispensavle to the general safety of lite and property. For insteace, everything is ex- poved, detenceless, uriess all who would have self-government respected, are not only firm in making the laws§ rather than caprices govern, and, rather than the vageries of any individual, but carry into judicial life the lion keart in favor of what isestablished by the people at large, in their constitution and laws. You must be in the court room neither umid children nor weak women, bat act worthy of patriots, or martyrs, and, before be- ing swerved to desert tary end law, must perish at the stake, or die, as a Roman senate, in your seats. You most despise the clamor which woul | tempt you 1o become unjust, and mast breast bravely the shock which prejudice or faction may give to un perve y and disarm your firmoess, and under. mine your deliberate judgmeate, You will find that your business in the balls of justice is no mila aud water concern, to be turned awry by tremu- lousness of the nerves, or hysterics, or tales of the sursery. But it isthe lofty business of men, high- tuinded men, ia the great business of life and death as well as of character and property, and is to be proj erly performed only by those who dare do ali thet does become a man though in the worst of times. There is no system nor safety in the administra- tion of justice, except in such settled, certain, uni- form and inflexible adherence to established laws: established too by the people themselves, and not by despots or usurpers. constitutional republic, involves the requisite, that it be a rule, a guide, uniform, fixed and equal for all, till changed by the same high political power which made it. This is what entitles it to its great and sovereign weight. And it is such laws, so made and so vpheld, which it is our imperative duty to sustain rather than thwart or disregard. It 18 to maintain such laws, that all the great sanctions of Christianity and the eternal worl: urge on on public officers, would point out with warn oF d, and demand from us by all the hopes as we: as terrors of a future judgmen New Jersey Ratlroad—Shameful Treatment TO TRE EDITOR OF THR \1RRALD. Through the medium of your independent jour- nal, | desire to inform the public of my experience i travelling t this railroad in the racon train one day last week. 1 had laches under my cherge, and after procuring tickets, we were obliged to etand ix the little office and in the gangway to the boat some ten mi: oo before say person apperred to open the gate am ellow the passengers to go on the boat. he gate was at length opened, and the keeper etationed bimeelf in the narrow paceage, FO thet rr pax venger had to equeeze through, and the ladies could not pass withowt rubbing egaiast hin. Law ing on the Jersey side, the Ugg sid hurry for- werd to secure seats, ( number of cars provided being often insufficient to seat all the ngere,) ard are obliged to enter the depot through a door three feet wide Four to five hundred paseengers rushing pel) mell for this door, with trunks, baskets and bundies, causes great discomfort and confusion. 1 hed a ledy om each arm.” We were crowded, jammed, elbowed, and shoved about. One lady ‘hed her hat crushed and head braised by a sturdy portenger, Who cacried bie trunk under his arm. Another bad her dress torn, and another lost her 1 in the melée. To heighten the confusion, onductor called out, in a loud voice, ** Be- kets.” ae person atiempted to # Well ae they could, but it le avail, it any of the light fingered gentry had found their way into the crowd. if the tlemen who eentrol this road were to examine the New Haven Railroad, the Erie Rail- road, or any well conducted road, they would soon Gisesver now thie discomfort and confasion ‘nught be avoided. And in order to set them to thin on the su ject, | suggest :— with the narrow gate Why pester people to 1 Let the passengers, as aL TS Te A pers ton migh' stationed at the door to prevent pas s ing until they had prooared tickets. feeond. On the Jersey open the la } rengers for the Phi train in by that en- tranee, which is mo longer used for the ge crates. ; meane kept pace are often pe thorovghiare a The very idea of law ip a The Excurston of the Gardes Lafayotte te | Elizabethtown, On Saturday last, the French company of mi- lita, Gardes Lafayette, Captain Leclére, wenv to Elizabethtown to celebrate the anniversary day of the surrender of the British army at Yorktown. At eight o'clock A.M_, they left theirarmory, and, headed by Dodworth’s famed band, went through Broadway to Battery place, where the steamboat Red Jacket received them, and immediately started for Elizabethport. On arriving at that place, the Jenkins Guards, a newly formed company, Capt. Jenkins, were in attendance, and welcomed with the accustomed honors their brother soldiers. The two companies marching together, after having serenaded the Mayor and authorities of Ekzabethtown, paraded in the piiacipal street of the city, and went to Collet’s hall, where a boun- tiful and mognificeat dinner, prepared by the pro- prietor of the establishment, was ready to receive the hungry guests. The American and French flege dis ae ba! their colors in every part ot the an e musical ba: during the dinner, i ra France and Numerous invitations had been seni and, among the toy al guesta, we observe Mr. Borg, French Vice Consul in New York; Gen. Count de Bongars, and several Americans. When ample justice had been done to the dinner, Capt. Leclere rose, amd, in an excellent speech, | which he spoke of the surrender of the British army at Yorktown, alluded to the services ren- dered to the cause of American independence by the French nobility and General Latayette. He concluded by giving the follo’ regular toasts, which were received with enth tic applause: — The Day we Celebrate !—The Aumiversary of the 19th ber, 1781! Honor to conquerors of York- ho, on this occasion, added new lustre and pews the American and eroee We are bted for the “= this land of Liberty! ident of the United States. it of the French Kepublic. ‘The Governor of the State of New Jersey. The Mayor and Common Council of Elizabethtown. The Jenkins Guards,—Their wind reception has greatly added to our enjoyment of the day! Captain Jenkins answered in the most appropri- ate terms the last toast of Capt. Lecleére, con- cluded by giving the names of Washington and Lafayette. ‘Several other toasts were also given to Lafay- ette, the French mation, Gen. Scott, Gen. San ford, &c. The American press was not forgotten; and Capt. Leclére gave, for the last toast The New York Herald—The only Americ: paper nly jour- which undgrstands the French people; the nal which speaks of our country with know! with. out passion, and is always ready to defend the iater- ests of the French residents in this country. Three times three cheers followed this toast, and it was with some difficulty that our reporter could thank the company for the compliment thus paid to the Herald and to its proprietor. Several songs followed, and at half-past two o’clock, P. M., the company started on their re- turn to New York, delighted with their excursion, and the kind welcome they had received at Eliza- bethtown. Marine Affairs. Fratrenine Testimoniat.—The following pleasing correspondence has occurred between Capt. (eo. 0. Johns, of the ship Lady Peel, lately arrived from Lime- To Carr. Groncx G Jonns, or THe Brur Lavy Pee. : We, the undersigned, parsengors of the Lady Peel beg leave to tender to you ow ere and heartfelt tha: for your umemitting attention to us ducing the voyage irom Limerick to this port. ‘We would. indeed, be much wanting ina due ap- precistion of favors, had we suffered your oxcesei Kindness, rendered truly at much personal inconve- nience, to pass unnoticed. Nor can we forget. to what extent, bas your deep concern fer our comfort, contributed to render our voyage across the Atlaatic peculiarly agreeable. Much as we have been led to anticipate regarding you, on the authority of previous 4 private testimonies, we coniess we have experieperd at your ds a degree of comfort, tranrcending sfar all representa' bumen and important e We now beg to present you with this gold chain, in y of our regard. and with it, reas of our warmest admiration. You will convey to your Gr+t mate, Mr, Dickson. the sther officers aud crew in geueral, the unfeigned ¢ pression of our esteem; for, like you, thelr conduct was marked, in their reapustive tion rarely eabibited in ¢:nigront ships MAURICE OOONNELL, And other passengers, New York, Oet. 18th, 1850. Cart son)? REPLY. My Prixxps— Independent of tho practical evidenss of your esteem, contained in your much prised and bandsome donation, ! careiully estimate the candeur aud sincerity ef those feelings of admiration t» which, by am atten. jn your address, you bave Kindly given expression Th accepting your kind preseut, however. which T doins ttot heartfelt pride, as it be Leannot but feel. » flattering testimony of your regard ai me to assure you that (hat attention to your comforts tendered altogether tn contormity with a strict we of duty, and in the discharge of an obligation to bumanity, under which, while iu the same capacity, 1 shall ever feel myself atrioly bound Accept, my dear frienda, the e: cere and heartfelt thanks. and bel! me, ith fully, 6 £ ©. JOMNS, Mr. Maurice O'Connell, vd other passengers. re gth of Keel fore snd rake, 267 tort, breadth of beam, 40 feet 6 nobes; depth of bold teet Cincher; tonnage, 2.128 78-04th's new moarure- ment; length on deck 206 feet; breadth om ditt at wid Dips, 57 feet 2 inebes, depth ot hold at ditio. 27 feet 2inebes. Her pair ct engines are jointly of $00 horse power. The bunkers of the Afrien are cxpable of bolding 90 tons cf cowl. She enn curry 000 tas of end accommodate, in the utmost comfor!. 16) The ship ta most symmetrical te 14°! round ‘bow is beautifully shaped a: i 1 ure of Cleopatra, paiu. by Me. kobe a for taste aud sim plic! without bei ty; everythi gaudy or ont of ¢! d the seate are ‘The di and compact t pepler mache roeple representation ining room are through t« ed one representing Aaron's rod turned into serpen fore the Cot mpey of Ferpt aad Pharaoh, and ‘he ether depicting an angel of light descending with an olive branch and, to liberates froup ot Afri- eal *. These haves rieh effect & table in this room we discovered a novelty in the shape of a “ feg herp,” which is cons #0 as to admit of being attached to a musket, which. fired in foggy Weather, cam with such an appliance be heard at loader distance of several miles. The report i that of & cannon, and the sation red tm April of the present y¥: of neatness, These poltt ard; and hours of thought and co: to many articles in so small « aA. fect wonders of ingenuity. It is w ter ventilated, and mack more convenient end roomy than those pn board the older shipr ured tor the gers passes thro first fiter, » London in Jeation being table, and be copbosrds for heat linen; avd ateach for cold meat, bread, &e.. kept cool ies, Bverything, im fact, is deoey visiter thinks he is pasetng a solid piece of irom, of no particular utility, the ecicerone opens it, ‘With the utmost unconcern, and diepiays & le for some article of deily and ase were alro much pleased with the 1 here the crew sleep; it is tig! ean. -& pleasing o: tired sailor ore similar, we understand, in every te there of the Asia. With Titan ag Ny are y nt in appearance. 14 am ap- hich tells, like a clook, the revo- te. Alike lance i On Tusey, the oard, and a Tre Sranisn War Streamer Prasanna —We are informed that the Spanish war steamer has bee ~4 hy several dey off the South- Pass, and that the Spanish Consul left here on yp Rn to go on board of her = New @rieans yune, Qe. 13. en. ere pace at paper. | came uv: fn F Cenraeviiie Course, L. I — Monday, Oot. 14 —Trot- ting Mateh for $1 000, two mile heats, in harn, ,ee8. G: Nelson named bh's eck Harry . 7 i G. Spicer named r g. Jobo Time, 5:16%, 5:14%, 6:19%,. ie te soe i the conditi horses superb ; ip fact every thing mecessary te tenes capital contest was apparent to all who visited the courte ; aud the moment they reached the enclesura the betting began. Black Marry was offered at 100 to 80— hist previous successful engagements warranting that odds. John Muy was little known to the majority; but bis performances to-day, although beaten. hevs made him hosts of frien and. no doubt, when he meets Pet for the $9.60 match, next Bey he will , On this occasion, a first class howe, ~ be the favorite. Black Marry proved First Ieat--Jobn May won the pole, The horses art the race; together for the tert, and went off at rate, John May leading rouw® the turn. Harry broke defo te reaching the quarter pote, and fell off ‘several lengths; the roan golog very The black, after recovering, was driven too rapMiy down the back streteh; be closed up the gap too bastily; aud by the time that he reached the r he broke up agsia. fall- ivg off several lengths. This avoond break ocourred at the beginning ¢t the lower tarn. As soon ag he re- covered be was again hurried forward much too fast, and was a third time carried off his feet in the first mile of the tour leng ead of him. Time, 241%. The roam key t weil al of Harry for the next half mile; them the black began closing up. and got within a longth of eak. This accident him, when he made bts tourth br: threw the black back four or five lengths, and, of course, his chances for the heat. He, however, ma’ his losses, ‘and ken up just ashe hi aking dve breaks during the heat, an never made askip. Time of the heat, 5:19%, Second Heat —The apeetatcrs now became wild in their opinio Jobn May, and be was offered at almost any rate of odds; 100 to 30, h er, became the current rate up to the-start. Ie led trom the score round to the quarter pole in 43 seconds, with Harry ow ge om his Dows the back stretch Harry out-tooted the roan, and was # hrngth clear of him at the halt mile pole. kept the open round the lower turn home stretoh, crossing the doore in 2:37, of May. It was ovident,asthey parsed at both drivers and horses were doing their The black kept the lead round the down the back stretch, notwithstand- ras straining every nerve to reach him; and in bis endeavor to overtake the black broke up, and fell off two or three lengths. This break was a relief to him. On recovering, he made a most ene- getic brush; and after one of the finest rer over witnessed, @ quarter of @ mile, during which May broke # second time, heat, by a length. Tim 4%. Third Heat.—A change had taken place in the minds of the financiers, and they were now offering Biack Harry at 100to 70. The horses Bada fine start this time, and they went with their heads round the upper turn, but before the: the quarter Barry got a jength in front of roan, in 41 seconds, Down the back stretch Harry opened the , bub round the lower turnand up the home streten Ma; trotted very finely, and pe on Harry. they ci Black Harry won the score yoked her. Time 2:42. The rave now became very exciti Harry, before he reached the drawgate, broke up, and lost about four the, His driver ured more caution now than in the first heat, snd took more time to make up bis He over- took May at the balf-mile pole. and brushing up to Harry also broke up at it, took @ lead of twenty ard. the remainder of the blac! , Dut was unsuccess- . oan Harry wom the heat and 219 L. L.—Pacine Union Co: ‘ Tuesday, Oot. 15.— Pacing purse, $250; three salle heats, in harness. 8. McLaughlin entered r_m. Lady B, 1 Isaac Woodruff entered br. a J.Q. MeMann entered Fr Time won the pole, id outside. The trio Regd started ey went together to the drawgate; Lod ab» Nghtalag pace, and ertead gihs on Lady B. mare wade a dash after ceme up the home stretch bead to head, jucges’ stand in 2:31—Post Boy at the mile distance stand. Lady Bevins broke badiy soon alter leay! the score, wud the brown mare was fifty yards ah befere the recevered. Down the back stretch Lady Bevins struek @ tremendous gait, astonishing all whe witnessed it— such rapid pacing Was never before seem onour tracks. She was lapped on Usyuge Maid at the balf-mile pole, end they went yoked round the lower turn and upto the etand. The time of this mile wae en by the judges, 80 much excited had they be- est and wonderful id that the second at witnessing the close co: it was speed of the two mares, mile of this heat w was at the lower di and Post oy the back streteh, length, but the © y or just,and or winging the aga came through well, aud proved herself ihary pacing rag, alchoagh beaten a couple Lady Bevius won the heat ou ¥ of lengths, jast mile was done im about toree minut ner on the mares very raplily. and was beaten buta fow 7 the wia- Post boy, during the last mile ot the heat, gained lengths. A great many persons thea took him as their favorite, ond backed him against the field, believing that he would have more endurance tham the others, snd would ultimately win the purse Second Fical —Good start, and all together roand the turn. The mares then drew away fom Post Boy, and —- the quarter pole ja svoonds, side and side, hey were not burrted as much this time as in the Previous best, aod they lay tegether at a comfortabia Tele of speed, parsing the helt wile pole im 1:28, Post Boy but a len, betind. They kept together ad the lower tor up the heinostreteh tuey went at © brirker gait, and opened @ gup on Post Boy of five or tix lengths, Cayuga Maid paaed the staud a leagih iu 2:46, Pest Boy closed oa the mar ‘A foreed Lady Bevi mere on the back sbetch, aud he went up even them on the lo tern; aud the trie ley in this interesting posit URL! hear the Fore, when Post Boy cast a shoe broke up, failing off a few lengths by tho The +xoitement among the crowd now se Bo bounds, and ail Kinds of opinions were adv: With money to back them, [he tnaree passe: stand bead to head. Devine draw away from Vayu length in going round the upper turn, but was o taken on tbe beck stretch, und again they were yoked until near the three quarter pole. when Bevins agai went in front, and they had a most severe brush to t! stand. Maid proved too much for Lad } «lo came over the score oa a run and rn usderthe whip. Cayuga won in 8:10, Post Boy saved. bis +, not ding the love of hia ahve 7 1. 8 us8 Mald took the lead, the othace T polo, the mares were side aad Ceyv, gein went in fronte neck stea 4 y ati! hei oan soap it was woo ® throatlatch. Gret to gi ip; he broke upon the home stretch, aad was besten forty yards. Tite, $:25%. Thus ended one of the mort exciting and best conducted pacing races that ever come off on Long Islan Cavracrnie Cov L, L.—Wednes: Trotting purse, $1 dest im barpese . Ort. 16 — t ia five, aunt Dar —A contest took piace between Mendham (trotter) and Tom Buck, (; ber tnseo in See, harness. The Paioving mer Mendham Maid, Mr Stephenson. .. Tem Buck, Mr. Connelyea.. Time, 3.0355 — Cenrarviten Cov nen, atch f Teorrine at Burraco a trotting contest coms Jack Rossiter, and 8jaa) eye ans eague t. Lawrence, (Mr. Pen it). Jack Roesiter, (Mr. Seutders); Squaw, off between ht October 15. . Lawrence, Time Carrarvines Cov carrying J Spicer named arness. @ Confidence......1 2 2 M Braden entered bg Honest John. . i G. Bpieer entered b. ¢ Ameriegs. Theme, 6:85—6 25 — 6:28, Bane Dav —Pacive Maven tor $200, milo heata, to 0 Ib. wagons. Mark McGuire pamed br. M. D. Greone named ¢ write Covnsm, Lb. L—Trortrvo.—There will ing matoh, and a contest fora purse at the Comtreville srack afternoun, which will be nt for pare th witness! aay bs ; ing. We rofer to advertizvem