The New York Herald Newspaper, July 11, 1850, Page 2

esbinet attended the celebration at the Washington monument, The ex reise pear to have given the General a keen appetite; for, on his return home, bi a hearty dianer, including 0 ee mR ORR SAR San EO MR ONE RENT ES TS SET, 1820, when he took his seat as a member of the Assem- | ovs siaterman and aad the Lime occupied, ap- | biy, from Erie county, to which office he was re-elected | whig bo: ‘The so-called democratic | rege the two following years. party in (hove three essions, as for many years before | eablage, cucumbers, cherries and milk. In the prai- | and after, held triumphant sway in both houses of the ries or in the chapparel, where the stomach will ae- | legislature, and but little opportunity was afforded & cept and digest anything, these things would have | young member of the opposition to distinguish him- Deen harmless under ordinary circumstances ; butthey | self But talent. integrity, and assiduous devotion to 1 in this ease most fatal. The President felt um- | public business will wake @ man felt and respected, evening ; next day (friday) he was sick ; but | evenamidst a body of opposing partisans; and Mr, the symptoms appeared to yield readily to # light | Fillmore, although iv a hopeless minority, so far as ao) medicine. He continued to be feeble on Saturday and | question of a political or party bearing was involved, Sunday, end in the evening the symptomsof diarrhea | on all questions of a geperal character soon won the On Monday they developed themselves in feholera morbus, and in the evening and g the night they were blended with a remittent ruingly assuming @ typhoid form towards midnight, ‘Thiv morning, at five, the President was something mething easier a med ihe most’ formidable and alarming type. Symptome of congestion appeared, but his nysicluns did not express an absence of ail Rove till about five this eveniog, when congestion of the brain, lungs and stomach set ia, or, in other words, collapse of the whole system. It is terrible work of dissolation that the Jate President gradually eunk away till twenty-fi minutes past ten, when he died. The event has fallen upon us like @ thunder peal in a clear sky; but the events likely to follow are of such magnitude as to challenge attention. The Vice President becomes the President. and he is expected to begin his active duties with a thorough re-orgauization of his cabinet. Itis thought by many the Compromise bill will now Fesdily pass the Senate. Others suppose the appropri- ation bills will be passed, and that both houses will agree (@ adjourn over the slavery question till De- ecmber, It is impossible to tell. Never, since the revolution, was the lite of any one man so important to the coun, try, as that of Old Zack at this erisis. Never, by the death of any one man, has the affairs ot the country ‘been thrown into such doubt, confusion and apprehen- ion e of the day, as our excuse for this brie? statement of the great public calamity which has befallen us, in the Geath cf our firm and fearless President. ‘The Last Leticr of President Taylor. ‘The following letter, written on the 5th inst. the day ‘on which the Presidemt was taken ill is probably tho Mast one he ever wiete, He expressed his determina- tion to comply with the request to visit the New York Btate Agricultural Fair, if not prevented by circum- @tances, then unforeseen :— Wasmixcrow, July 5, 1850. TI have duly received your favors of May 18th, 26th, the former wishing me to attend the ir of the New York State Agricultural Society ber next, the latt ndly asking my com- pany at your house on that occasion, In the extreme uncertainty attending thi t of Congress, until which event. not leave the sent of government, I find it quite impos: to gre any ssourancee in regard to my presence at the tate Fair, I was greatly disappointed when cireum- ttences prevented my attendance at the fair of last year. and it is my hope this season to have the gratia- ®ation of witnessing a similar exhibition. Unless pre- vented by an extraordinary prolongation of the session of Congress or by oher circumstances, not now foreseen, I shall certainly comply with the invitation which you have extended to me, a8 President of the Agricultural Society. I , however, that I shall be obliged to decline your veiy Kind request that I sboald make your house my home during my attendance at the Fair, It will hardly be in my power to accept any private invita- tions, but should I do se, that of Gov. Fish, which [ nome time since received, would have the strongest elaim upon my atiencien, With many thanks for your hospitable offer, I re- main, very truly. youra, Z. TAYLOR, SKETCH OF THE LIFE or MILLARD FILLMORB, THE THIRTRENTA PRESIDENT oF THE UNITED STATES. {Chiefly from the American Review.) It is the peculiar beast of our country, that its highest honors and digvities are the legitimate ob- of ambition to the humblest in the land, as well ‘@s those most favored by the gitts of birth and for- vane. Ours is a govern:nent of the people, and from emphatically, have sprung those who, my ..on the bench of justice, or in the halls of kgislation hed the Drightest lustre on the p#ge of our country’s history. So universally al- mort is this case, that, when we find an instance to the of ope born to a fortune and enjoying the tages of influential connections, rising to high in the councils of the nation, the exception de- servis eepecial note for its rarity. No merit therefore is claimed for Millard Fillmore. on account of the fact ‘that trom compaiatively humble parentage. he has at- tained his present eminent position, itis history, how. er, affords @ useful lesson, as showing what may be eorMplished in the iace,ot the greatest obstacles, by. intellect, aided and controlled by energy, perseverance, and stri eg ity, Im w public and private capacity. lmore, the great-grandfather of Millard ‘end the common ancestor of all of that name in the United States. was bora about the year 1700, in one of the New England States and feelings strong propensity for a sea-furing life, at the age of about » went on board s fisbiag veseel, which sailed ‘The vessel had been hut a few days oat captured by @ noved pirate ship, com- amanded by Captain Phillips, and young Fillmore was Kept ins prisoner. Heremained ou board the pirate ship ‘nine months. enduring every hardship which a strong constitution and firm spirit was capable of sus- taining , and though frequently ihreatered with in- stant death unless he would sign (he piratical articles of the vessel, he steadily refused until twe others had been taken prisoners, who also refusing to join the | crew. the three made an aiteck upon the pirates, and ‘after killing several, took the veesel end brought it sate into Boston harbor. The narrative of this adventure has been for many years in print, and details one of the most daring and tuccessful exploits on record. The surviving pitates were tried and executed, and the heroic conduct of the captors was acknowledged by the British goverpment. John Fillmore afterwards settled in a nlace called Franklin, in Connecticut, where he (ed His son Ne‘haniel Fillmore. settled at sn carly day in Bennington. Vermont, teen called Hampshire Grants, where be lived till brs death, in 1814, He served in the French war, and w true whig of the revolution, proving his devotion try's cause by gallantly fighting as @ eutenant under Btark, in the boitie of Bennington. Z Nathaniel Filimor t is now called Summer Ii", Gayug Millacd was born, January 7th, 1800 — larmer, and soon aiterlost all his wroperty by e Lo one of the military lots ue haa purchased Abut the year 1602 he removed to the town of Semp ‘dius. now Niles in the same county, and resided ther until 1919, when he removed to Erie county, where he etill Lives cultivating a small farm with his own hands J uniform supporter of Jeffercon, *, and is now « true whiz. sof bis father deprived Millard of ducation beyond what were afford. and fil-taught common schools of ; and at the vying in colleges fit of well f but little ex sehool books was sent into the learn the clothier's wr months and was (o pursue the rding. in the towa where his father A email village library, that was formed there him the first means of acqniring gene- He improved the oppor- appetite grew by what it fed lived foon after gave ral knowledge through books tunity thus offered upon. The thirst for know! oon became insatiate, very leisure moment was natin reading. Four pasced im this way, working at his tre years woie and storing his mind, during such hours as he could command, with the contents of books of hirtory, | graphy. and tray At the age ef nineteen, be fortu- nately mede an acqu Wood, Eq, whor will remember as one of the Mort estima Cayuga county. Jutge Wood wa @ end great business capaci. ty; be bed an excellent law library, but did little pro- fessional busin that under che rude exterior of the were powers that only required proper oraise the possessor 10 high distinction and usefulness, and a quit his trad udy law of @ inck ¢ jon. means toaidhim in mal etudy ise W. kindly offer. 1 un ich the means Toe to defray his exp mers should f offer was accepted cons in bust of repayment. The ce boy bought ni time, entered the offlee of J Wood, and for more wo years appited aim eas and He read law and senersi literature,and studied ribtee moned veat «+ é partially hi em. ¢ entered « law tinued h he wae difident ason and a worth modest and u teemed for k 27 Mr. Fillm e bia pra ation toj e, and it is quired tt principl p in which plare ¢ Comptroller, ny. | r y " frsp entrance jpto public life was in Jaauary. bat a few hours after, the | ‘ad indisposition, and the intense anxiety | adjourr- | ‘oung Fillmore | *. | and deliberate in judgment, self. pease see ™ | the court aimtance with the late Waiter | | confidence of the House in an unexampled ¢ | Was a common remark among the meib: more faye it is right, we will yote for it.” The most important measure of a general nature | that came up during his service in the State Legisla- | ture, was the bili to abolish imprisonment for debt, ; In behalf of that great and philanthropic measure, | Mr, Fillmore took an active part,’urging with unan- | swerable arguments its justice and expediency, and, & member of the committee on the subject, aiding | to perfcet its details, That portion of the bill relating | to fustices courts waa di him, the remainder being the work of the Hon, Joha ©, Spencer. The Dill met with a fleree, unrelenting opposition a he 4 step of its progress, and to Millard Fillmore as muc as to any other man, are we indebted for expanging from the statute book that relic of a cruel, barbarous oge—imprisopment for debt. le was elected to Congress in the fall of 1832 The session of 1833-4 willlong be remembered as the one | in which the system of politics, known under th comprehensive name of Jacksonism, was fully deve- et |. During his first term, Gen. Jackson, and those who filled the high offfecs of government, and shaped the policy of the administration, pursued @ compara- tively cautious course. But the ordeal of the election of 1852 having been pasted, the mask was thrown off. The re-election of Gen Jackson was construed into a popular approval of all bis acts, whether committed or only meditated, and then by gross usurpations of e: outlive euthartio and wmunciammabic eneveiee of poe ers constitutionally granted, were perpetrated those gross outrages, which, defended as they were by an | unrerupulous spirit of partisanship, have done more | to demoralize and corrupt public sentiment, foster a | Neen tious spirit of radicali«m, misealled democracy, and fill the heart ofevery patriot with sad forebodings j of the future. than all that the opem assaults of repu' | lican institutions could have doneina century. It | was in the stormy session of 1833-4, immediately suc- | ceeding the removal of the deposits, that Mr. Fillmore | teok his seat. In those days the business of the | House and debates were led by old and experienced | members—new ones, unless they enjoyed a wide-spread | and almest national reputation, rarely taking an ac- tive and oouaheons part. Little chance, therefore, was afforded Mr. Fillmore, a member of the opposition, young and apeenine, of displaying those qualities thatso eminently fit him for legislative usetulness, But the school was one admirably qualified more fully to develope and cultivate those binge which, under | more tayorable circumstances, ve enabled him to | render such varied and tant services to his coun- try. As he bas ever dome imall the stations he has filled, be discharged his duty with scrupulous fidelity, never omitting, on all proper occasions, any effort to advance the interests of his constituents and the country, and winning the respect and confidence of all. At the close of his term of service, he resumed the practice ofhis profession, which he pursued with dis- tinguished reputation and success, until, yielding to the public voice, he consented to become a sandidate, and was re-elected to C 88 in the fall of 1836. The remarks above made in relation to his service in the sa esp ced will measurably spply to his second term. Jacksonism andthe pet bi system had, in of “ ssive Democracy,” given piace to Van Bureniem and the Sub-treasury:’ Tt was ut another step towards the prectical repudiation of old republican principles, and an advance.to the loco- focoirm of the present day. In this rs. ir. Fill- more took tive part than he did during his d on the a! embling of the t Congress, was re-elected by a largely increased ma- | jority, he was assi & prominent place on whet, | Rext to that of Ways and Means, it was justly antici. pated would become the most important committee of the House—that on Elections. It was in this Congress tl the fumous contested New Jersey case came up. It would swell this brief hical sketch to too great alengthtoenter upon the details of that case, and it is the less necessary to do so, inasmuch as the circumstances of the gross outrage then perpetrated by a party collins, itself repwblican, and claiming to respect State rights, must yet dwell in the recolleo- tion of every reader. ‘Theprominent part whick Mr. Fillmore took in that case; is patient javestigation of all its complicated, nrivute details; the clear, convincing manner in which he set forth the facts; lofty and indigoant elo- quence with which he denownced the meditated wrong. = > gly heergnaye ve ma cones, “abeteeieaaas a of the ablest men ‘ongress, as it eminent ability and statesmanship of many ofite members, Public indignation was awakened by the enormity of the out and in that long cata- logue of abuses and wrongs, which roused ® long-sut- fering people to action, and resulted in the throw of a corrupt and insolent 4: y. in 1840, the ‘New Jersey case stood marke@ and conspicuous. ‘On the assembling of the next Cane any to which Mr. Fillmore was re-elected by a majerity larger than was ever before given im his district, he was at the head of the Committees on Ways and Means. The duties of that station, always arduous and responsible, were at that time peculiarly so A new administra. tion had come into power, and found public affairs in fa state of the greatest derangement. Accounts had been wrongly kept, peeulation of every kind abounded in almost every department of the ‘government, the revenue was inadequate to meet ordinary ex- penses, the already large existing debt was rapidly swelling in magnitude, commerce and manufactures were depressed, the currency was deranged, banks were embariassed, and general distress pervaded the community. To bring order out of disorder, to re- pienish the national treasury, to previde means that would epabi. the government to meet the demands against it and to pay off the debt. te revive the indas- try of the country. and restore its woated prosperity— these were the tasks devolved upon the Comm! of Ways avd Means. To increase their dificuities, the minoriiy com: of that party that had broaght the country and government into such « condition, instead of aiding to repair the evil they had done. uni- formly opposed almost means browzht forward for relief. and too often @ uneveiling efforts were successfully aided by @ treacherous Executive. But | with an energy and devotion to the publie weal, wor- thy of all admiration, Mr. Fillmore applied himself to the task, and, sustained by a majority, whose enlight- ened patriotism has rarely been equalled, and never el |, succeeded in its accomplishment. ‘Tbe measures he brought forward and sustained with matchless ability, speedily relieved the government from its embarrassment, and have fally jastified the most sanguine ex) yas of their beniga influence upon the country at large. A new and more accurate system of keep them elear and intelligible, was The favoritism and pe- evlation which had so long disgraced the departments aod plundered the treasury, were cheoked by the re- Guisttion of contracts. ‘The credit of the government ‘was restored, ample means were provided for the exi- lic wervice andthe payment of the 3% pewrred by the former administration. 2 &! nufactures revived. and Commerce a and hope one even yet too keenly | and too justly appreciates the beneficent and wonde | fal chavge (hat has been wrought. to render more thaa &n allusion to those matters necessary. The labor of devising explaining, and defending measures produc- | | | Filmore. tive of such happy results. was thrown chiefly on M "i nobly sustained by his patcio.ie fe low whigs him, nevertheless, the pot sibility After his long and severe labors in the committee | 100m—lIabors suMeiently arduous to break down an: bus one of an irom constitut! tained by a spit that novhing could conquer, he was required to hisunremiting attention to the business of | tomake any explanation that might be asked and to be ready with a complete and triumphant refutation of every cavil or objection that the ingenious sophis- try of a faciious minority could devise. Ali this, too, was required to be done with promptness, clearness, dignity, and good temper. For the proper perform- © | ance of there varied duties few men sre more bappily | qualifed than Mr. Fillmore, At (bat fortunate age when the phy sieal and intellectual pow are display. | ed in the Fighest perfection, and the hasty impulses of | youth, without any loss of its vigor, a: control of lavge experience in public affairs, with » | mind capable of descending to minute details. as well as conceiving a grend ey: of natioral policy, calm nd fluent in debate, of dignified pr never uamind{ul of '# becoming social and public intercourse, 1 integrity unimpeachable he was a mirably fitted for the post of leader of the 27th Con- reer Just before the clove of the first session of this Con- grees, Mr. Fillmore. in a letter addrersed to his con- stituents, signified his intention mot to be a candidat for 1e-election. knowledged with itude ride the cordial and generous = yport giv is constituents, but the severe lnbor devol him by bis official duties de nil private affat gree during rev years of public servic lied for attention, Notwithstanding lis declaration to with- draw from the station he filled with so much honot nnd urefulness, the convention of bis distnet mourly.end by acclamation, re nominated him atiy pressed upon Nance with their hea Mr Fillmore was deeply alfected by this last ® of confidence and regard on the part of known him lo®gest and best; but he the determination he lad expressed, of the term for which he was elected, hereturned to bie home. more gratified at hir relief from the corre of cfilelal life, than be had ever boom at the f highest rewards ned honors, But, dom from public sof social intercourse y indulge, the quali- the close attention and of p ja some de- eminently fitted bia a uccess were foo ewled into fall | exercise by the rapidly therensing requirements of prof csional pursaits, xever wholly given wp, ‘There te - nm In the strife of politics on x | citements, and ite occasional, but always tempting, | hat, when ouee felt, fow men are completely ae to return with relish to mparatively tame and dull occupations of pri va But aim and equable temperament ¢ pore. niter tha st im w reed to tuke a | waa most gra No had ever x a | with stfeetion and pride and h- coveted m just fally-won famne of the juriet, thon the tighest political ! tion. He welcomed the ‘ofl, therefore, which a 1 raotice im the higher corte depewd upon bin | and wae as remarkable for ti aghast with which he prepered hiv legal argem he was for minute ‘avert jon of yond aif, | 8 ® it roldate an brought under | | suddenly by the hand of death from among: | us, we witness the beav:itu! epectacie of his office t, Henry Clay. wholed the | For his own defeat, My, Fillmore bad no | © bad no aepirations tor th he the taiture is election, he further deawand upon him 4@ serve in public life | In 2847 a penvler cull similar to that of '44, was | | again made upon him. 40 whieh ke yielded # reluctant | nt, and was elected Comptroller of the State, by 4 majority larger than had been given to any State officer, at any former election. in many years. Thore were some pecviiar causes that contributed to swell hie majority ot that election. but, independent of them, | there can be no doubt that the general conviction of | his eminent fitners for tbe effice would, unde: any | | circumstances of the opposing party, have given him @ | great and soe or vote. That such evidence of | the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens was gratifying (ohis feelings, cannot be doubted ; but few can justly appreciate the sacrifices they impore. The duties ct his present office could not be discharged | without cbandening at ence and for ever forwho ever regained a professional standing once lost )—a lucra- tive business, which he had been years in acquiring, nor without severing all those social ties. and break- ing up all those domestic arrangements which render- ed home happy. and bound him to the city where the best portion of his life hac been spent. Yet, feeling that the BI right to command his services, he cheerfully submitted to its exactions, and, on the firet of January, 1848, removed to Albany, where he ia election as Vice-President of the United ear, he bas resided till States. In this, office, during the past discharged his ex officie dutic: position, throughout the very imp: " By the sudden demise of President Taylor, ¥ the rule of the constitution, he has now become th: ‘esi- dent of the United States. He comes into offic very critical period—when decision and firmness of character will be demanded to reconstruct the govern- ment, end to meet the great exigencies of the times. In every station in which he has been placed, he has shown himself “ honest, capable and faithful to the constitution.”’ He is emphatically one of the people. For all that he has and is, he is indebted, under God, to his own exertions, the faithful performance of every duty, and steadfast adherence to the right. Born to an inheritance of comparative poverty, he stru: bravely with di Mflculties that would have sppalled and crushed a less resolute heart, until he has, by no base means, reached @ proud eminence, which commands the admiration of his countrymen, Nobly bas he won his laurels, and long may he live to wear them. NEW YORK HERALD. Rr JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR SND EDITOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. Y WERALD, 2 cents copy—$7 THE WEEKLY HBRALD, cory Bateniag. sony, or $3, per annum; the Buropean edition, temenis i be gox- rath rth’ postage ea be aeduated from news tected from any quarter oj the world ; if used, will be ‘NO NOTICE taken cf anonymous communications, We do not return Peer Wy ications, Re nS AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, OPERA—CASTLE GARDEN—Gaanp Concers, BOWEKY THEATRE, Davrxanv—Wao Srxaxs Finst—A Day's Sroex. NIELO’S GARBEN, Brosdwas—Istaxp or Jnwae— ini Lion. NATIONAL TUEATRE, Chatham square—Hae at Law hy Acnt—Ma. anv Mrs. Wure. CHRIS1Y’S GPERA HOUSE, Mochanies’ Hall—Ermo- man Minste ris: . OLYMPIC, Broadway—Fix2ce’s Minsrnmts. AMER}U\N MOSEUM—Axvsino Pearonus wors Avren- moon ann Eym.xc, MINERVA ROOMS—Panonama oF Caturonmia. er annum. it OM cents per $4 per annum, sae New York, Thursday, July 11, 1830. News from Europ-. There is no news of the Hiberaia. She is over due at Halifex, with a week's later news from Europe. ‘The Disact:ovs Fire in Philadelphia, We give, in avotber columa, the full particulars of the ‘ate fire in Philadelphia. The fire was not in the business part of the city, and is, :herefore, rot so destrvetive as we et first supposed. A fear- ful loes of life, however, is the result. The loss of Ares will pot probably exceed a million of dol. rs. Telegre phic Summeryy—Inaug aration of the Feesidert Fillmore, &:. Our despatches from Washington are of an in- teresting though melancholy character. Beth houses of Congress were yesterday engaged in the usval formalities incident on the decease of a President during a session of the national legisla- ture, the particulars of which will be found wader the regular telegraphic head. It will be seen that Mr. Fitlmoze, in pursuance of the provision of ‘he eonsiiiution applicable to the contingency which occurred by the decease cf Gea. Taylor, was duly inaugurated as President of ihe United States, and took the uswal oath. A fall account of these interesting proceedings will be found ia apother coiuma. As will be observed, we have received severel reports copceiaing the dissolu.ion of Gen. Taylor's cobinet, and the o-ganizetion of a new one by M Fillmore. They disagree in many particulars ag to the personnel of the rew cabinet, but we give ‘bem es they were received by uo. We are dis posed (o place some reliance on the last telegrephic | despatch of this kind that we received last night, from a well infoimed eoerce, and which informs us tbat in all probebiliiy the new cabinet will be compo.ed es follows:— Secretary of Biale—Tlon, Dantel Webster, of Mass, «“Preasury—Hon. Geo. Kvane, of Maine, “ — Tpterior—Hon. Mr. Bayard. of Delaware, “ — Navy~Hon, T. Builer King, of Georgia. be War—Hon. Willie P. Mangum, of N. OU Po. twacier General—Jobn. 0. Wright, of Ohio. Aviorrey Ceneral—Chas. J. Mocehead, of Kentucky. We have no idea ourself whether any of the gen:lemen re med in this couneciion will certaialy | be selected by Mr. Fill more #5 his covstimutional advisers; but we do sey, most emphatically, tha from among them, a cebinet, equal in point of abi- lity, talent and peiriotiem, to avy that ever existed since the formation of the government, could be telecved. We cannot help giving vent, on this occasion, to the feelings wiich ae siuggling for viterance within ovr bosom. Wile we lemeai, as moch as any one does, the decease of the high-minded, honest, erd independent Geaerul Taylor, the ceeacs which ocevrred in Washingion, yester doy, fill ovr hesrt with delight. While we vidual impu n be discovered that such g thing is impossible, that he must be governed more or less by cireumstanees happening, and changing from day to dey. In all probebility there will be some little confusion at first, but after a while, the government will flow in its ac- customed channe), and the stream will be as placid as ever. One of the first results of Mr. Fillmore’s aczes- sion will, a8 a matter of course, be the organiza- tion of a new evbinet. The old concern tendered their resignations yesterday. It cavaot be suppos- ed for a moment, that he would continue in office, as his constitutional advisers, persons who have shown themeelves utterly incompetent for their of- fices, imbecile, corrupt and unpopular, and who, moreover, have been tried end convicted of those charges by the House of Representatives. Mr. Fillmore wiil gether around him a cabinet compos- ed of far different materials. He is a tirm whig, but not an ulira one, and he will endeavor, we have no doubt, te select, as constiiutional advisers siateemen ia whom the country at large, and the whig party, will have confidence. The present ca- binet, may, therefore, be considered as dissolved. Such a faie, however, was in store for them, for even had not Gen. Taylor deceased, it is net posai- ble to suppose that they could have outlived the condemnation pronounced on them by the House of Representatives. In connection with this subject, it may be as well to state that the new cabinet will not have so much responsibiliiy resting on them as the others. Mr. Fillmoie, es a politician and a statesman, can- not plead in palliatioa of any wrong he may com- mit, what the late Gen. Taylor could have done. Mr. Fillmore will be held to a strict account for +his edministration of the duiies ot his office, and if, by any unfortanate accideni, he should do wrong, be, and he alone, will have to answer for it. In this respect, the position of Mr. Fillmore will be diflerent from that of General Taylor. In the maiter of removals and appointments, we do not anticipate that Mr. Fillmore will make many changes. He will probably allow those in office to remain there, and make few new changes of consequence. The most important inquiry at present is, what influence will the accecsion of Mr. Fillmore have on the great question of the day—the compzonise bill—now before both houses of Congresst We are disposed to believe that it will have a beneficial effect. Our reesons are these: We know a good deal of Mr. Fillmore, and we have no doubt that it will be his aim to make his administration whig, and to act in concert, as much as possib!«, with the leading whig statesmen in both houses of Con- gress, of whom Mr. Clay is the recognized leader. Mz. Fillrore is a northern man; but from what we know of his character, we do not think for a mo- ment that he would, in bis capacity of President of the United States, encovrage the fanatics of the North any more thea he would give the influence of his office to the ultres of the South. On the copirary, we feel quite sure that he will devoie himself, os far as he can, to the early settlement of the slavery question, ard to the passage of the compromise bill now before Congress, as the best meons of seitling ibat egiiation. Being more of a statesmen than General Taylor, he will not be so much couirol'ed by his cabinet as the late P.esi- dent was. He will, in fact, be independent of them; and if he seeks ir advice, it will not be with the view of following it implicitly, but of com- poring their opinions with bis own, and rejecting or edopting thew, ia whole or in pa:!, as he may think proper. his cabiuti, theiefore, will no: have the license which their prodscessors have had; nor will they have the power, should they be so jnclired, to use the inflvevce of their oflice to keepiog opea an agitation which threatens the divest Consequences to ibis great republic that caa be imegined. Mr. Fillmoce assumes the duties of executive in an imponant ond critical period of our hisiory. Before bis texm will have expired, the slavery question will be seiiled, or the Unioa will be dis solved. The couniry will bold him responsivle for the manner in which he ying hiadoties A great deel is expecied of bim, rnd we hope and trust there will be no disaypoinumea:. As far as | we ave conce aed, he may look for a firm and indeyeadent support, whenever he is 1ighi; but, on ihe otber band, an cquelly siroag opposition when he is wooog. We would be va uithial to our uust, if we hed not deaounced the cabi- net of Cenere! Taylor aa we have—for wishin a comparatively chert time afer their iaduction ivto office, in March, 1849, we became sativfed that they were rothing but political ticksiers, who made the interests of the country, end the fair fame of the lamented Geneial Tay!o’, subser- vient to their own individea! views and purposes. The House of Representatives have concaised in these views, and se has the country. We will be equally unfaithful if we do not oppose Mr. Fillmore ja what we see wrong in his adminisicotion, with this dfieence, that we will bold him and not his cabinet responsible. But we hope for beiier things from the new Pyesideni’s knowledge of public ofla're, his good sense, ond purity of churacter. Tyrognarmcat Sympots or Moventne.—Many very ratural exprestions of surprice have been ut- tered, because our sheet has exhibited no mere exterior .igas of mourning, for the death of Presi- dent Teylor. liis but proper that some explana- tion should be made. Within a few years great improvements bave been mide in printing, so that newspapers of large circulutioa may issue ot the teie of fifieen thousend copies an hour. The Herald, Gum ood Trivwne, in this ciiy, are the only papers, the cirew!ation of which makes it necessary to use the improved machines. All the other newrpapeis con be printed in the eld wey, at the rete of a tlousend copies or so an hour, upona plane evrface. The provses for the Ffya/d ore very different in their constiacion. They ave foer tee the chief officer of the republic taken away being ‘aunedin‘ely filled, eccording to our great j | cherier, by the Vice President, who, in pursvance | of the provisions of the con ion, sieps in a once by gecerel and univeival consent, and ac- cording to 'aw, end fills the vacancy which Provi- dence in its wisdom creaicd. Shell, we ask, such beaviifel bormony be disivrbed t Shall our glorious | fabric of gov eromert, which, the more it is tested, proves its value ard worh, be endengcred or de- stroyed by fanaticicm of eny kind? Heaven forbid. ‘The Accersion 6f Mr. Fillrore to the Pre= | siceney—lts Probable BR ite. By the sudden and lamented death of General Tey ior, Millard Fillmore, ¢ ew York, becomes Presider: of the United States for the reraainder of , the te m for which the late incumbent was elected. , His acc: esion is in pursuance of a provision in the | Consiivation of the Uriced States, which declares | that, “Jn cose of the :emoval of the President from | office, or of his death, resignet'or, or imability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, ' the same shall devolve on the Vice President.” One of there copiingencies having occurred, Mr. | | Fillinove is now Pi-s‘dent of the United States. | ‘There ere a great mary speculations aflor! os to | the conseqvences that will result from the decease of Ceneral Teylor, and the sion of Mr. Fille ac more. Itis supposed by many, that it will work great changes, thei the course of government will | be temporarily suspended, and thet it will have a | very prejudicial effect in the present crisis in which j the country is placed, ia connection with the | | question of slavery, and the compromise measures | now before Congress. We do not partake in these fears, nor can We ot present see any prospects of | horm er misfortune falling on the country in con- | sequence of the secession of Mr. Fillmore, He is | @ men of firme inte nee, abundantly | idea: ; fied to diecharge the d sof I nut ed, which we do not be he eveo di ieve he is, to use his © | ce according to hig own indi- | | w cylindeis; and ‘be ij pes, instead of Leing fastened plane siiface, are disposed upon a curve. It 19 this curve that precludes the priniers from the old prociice of turming the rules between the colump, vnside dowo—as they are all beat to [it the cy!'rcers, and cen only ocenpy the pos'ion for which they are copsiracied. This, we trust, will be en ample explonat.on for a deperture from the long-established cust. m of the new paper press. © All foums, modes, shows of grief ‘That can denote us traly,” will be found in the sincere regret, to which oof" expressions can only give bet a pariiol evidence. Circurrstances foi bid 18 to put on the typogrephical livery of gtiet; but the beais’s gloom, at the sudden ceperture of a gieas, geod, end pacciotic man, is es | lvoad and metked, as that of the most devoted lover of bis country, oref the wuest admirer of heroic and naiionel patriotism. We were among the first to apnreciate President Taylor's sincere devotion to his country—we eball be the last to forget his invaluable cervices, while we have the honor to moutn ov r his ashes. Tue Newt or tur Nivti—Tetxorarare Wink Pittme. —Not Jess than five hundred despatches received at the Washington | elegroph oflices on Tuesday right. Mr. Clayton and the cabinet, however, weed their position to conirol the wires for severe! hours, being anxiovs to commence a new wire-pulling game at the political stations all over the country. The Cowrver §& Enquirer, Bos ton Ailas, and Thurlow Weed were apprised, by eleven o'clock, of the death of President Taylor— of the politice! shipwreck of the cabinet, and the utter ennih n of the Seward clique of politicians. Drowning men grasp at etraws. Clayton and the enbinet grasped the telegraphic wires. They made several very peculiar movements—some of them so cool, thet the Pailedelphia fire had no effect ia stopping ‘hem. The telegraphic operators were astonished. They did pot believe it possible that Clayton and the cabim@ could, withia a few min- utes of President Tewior'e demice, ran out lines, in every direction, to keep their foundering vessel from sinking. Yet so it w: One sad, disgusting plan had been frystrated. A new game was to be | mtawe 3 renee over the remaine of the lamented hero. Determined to hold on to their position, if possi- ble, the cabinet seat out its directions for the flat- tery of the new President, whose favor they ex- pect to receive, with the party to which Mr. Fillmore has been at- tached, they hoped, by this seizure of the political wires, to operate largely upon the future. They believed that they could look anything in the face, after the events of the last few days, and they thought that they could even stare Mr. Fillmore out of countenance. In this flattering assurance, they went to work, full of ambition, and fall of hope, directing their organs to keep them in place as the concentration, essence aud spirit of a party. It is all very curious, and we shall see shortly what peculiar fruits will spring from this attempt to plant the seeds of a new po- litical harvest. Surely this cabinet will defy the practical sagacity of the whole world, and that of Satan himself. Bat they must go—and go out. TELEGRAPHIC, From Washington. Wasnincron, July 10, 1850. Mr. Boyle, late eonsul to Mahon, died suddenly yes- terday, of dysentery. Hon. Thomas 0. Larkin, of California, is also suffer- ing from an attack of the same disease, and is not likely to recover. The New York Free School Convention. Byraever, July 10—P. M. Pursuant to eall, the State Free School Committee assembled at the City Mall, in this city, at ten o'clock, this morning. ‘The attendance was quite large, delegates being pre- sent from most all parts of the Ftate. Mr. J. M. Micurcy, of Syracuse, called the conven- tion to order, and 8.8. Randall, of Albany, was ehosen ebairman pro tem. Mr. Ranvatt, on taking the chair, submitted afew appropriate remarks in relation to the subject for which the convention had assembled, which was to complete the temporary organisation of the eonven- tion. Mr. B. M. Rice, of Erie, was appointed Secretary. On motion of Mr. E. W.Cuaris, of Onondaga, the following committee was appointed by the Chair, to report permanent officers to the Convention:—Mesers. Curtis, of Onondaga; Steele, of Erie; Holly, of Wyo- ming; Cobourn, of Tioga; Thetps, of, Albeny; Beek- ‘man. racuse, worth, urtland. On motion of Mr. Stexix, of Erie, the Chair appoint- ed the following C: ittee en Resolutions:—Mesers. 8. J. May, of Syracuse; 8.8. Randall, of Albany, and W. H. Leggett, of Westchester. On motion of the same, the following committee ‘were appointed to address: —Mesers. Gree- ley, of New York; of Erie; May, of Syracuse; gohan, ‘of Tioga; Phelps, of Albany, and Sedgwick, of On motion of Mr. 0. N. Pierce, of Oneida, at half-past 10 o’elock, the Convention adjourned till 12 o’ei out of respect for thy memory of the Jave P) the Unite States, ROOK SESSION. The Convention reassembled at the hour named,and led to order by the chairman. ., oy Riana Remain aqmanitves on © submit following report : dei at, Hon. Christopher (mone aPaltengs for Vice Presidents, J.E. Cary, ot New York; W. H. Leggatt. of Westchester; Asahel Stone, of 3 Rev. Henry Mandeville, of All 5 0. G. Stone, of Erie; Hiram Put- ent or Prosi- nam, of Onondaga, W. F. Cady, of Oswego; and Charles R. Coburn, La oe For Secretaries, J. Crandall, of Onondega; i. K. Viele, of Erie; D. C. Bloomer, of Seneca; W. F. Phelps, of Alban; Mr. 6. B. Sevaws J. from the Committee on Resolu- tions, submitted the following, which was unanimously adopted Resolved, That this found regret, t ads President cf wir. J,'§. Ocnr coceneed, ead opek juentiy in rd. BE. seconded, and spoke el: support of the sbove resolution. “YY AFTERNOON SESSION. The convention assembli t two o'clock, P.M. and was called to order by the Chairman, pro tem. ‘Lbe report of the Commistee on Permanent Officers was ursnimously adopted, The Hon. Cunisiorven Morgan, on taking the chair, addressed the conveniion on the object of its apsem- bine end returned thanks for the honor conferred upon bim, Mr. C. B. Srpcwicx, from the Committee on Resolu- tions, submitied the (oiler weries :— Resolved, That the proposit betore this conven- tion and this State, is not that our F we-ved Common and , is a till ti Scheol law, in ail its branches aids mania ti the State, shall be free to all persone 1. 5 the #istriet, over iive, and under twenty-one years age. a bape ons bpd np den tn attaind pot wholly ways a canals, b; asylums and peviteniiaries, by a pelice and senting armies, but by the developement of the physical, in- tellectual aud moval energies of the people, There- fore, it ihe former should be sustained as the public expence. more sbould (be education of ihe whole Feeple be ampiy provided for from the State revenue. it report here breaks off.) Salling of the Magara. Boston, July 10, 1850, ‘The Niagara cailed with 75 passengers, but no specie Copway, the Indian chief, a delegate to the Peace Cun- vention, isa passenger, The mails by her, which will convey the unexpected news of ihe d ath of Presi- dent Faylorto Europe, were scaled with biack, Wreck of the Strom»r Viecroy, &e. Batiwax, July 10-9 P, M. ‘The steamship Viceroy is .till onthe rock amidships; she bes spiung a fresh leak forward. There are little hopes of caving Ler. Word costerly and pirasant. a Feom Sax Jcaw oe Los Remenios.—We learn from Captain Merrill, of the brig El'ts, from San Juan de Los Remedios, June 26, that arrived at this port yesterdsy morning. that it was p--fectly healthy at that pert when be sal! Freight »as very good, and plenty. Sacva La Graxoe—We lorem from Cap'ain Ander, sor, of the brig Porto Rico, from agua La Grande June 27, that (be cholera bad greatly subsided stace the departure of ‘he bark N. W. Dridges. y Intelligence. DEPARTURE OF NEW YORK FIREMEN FoR DELPHIA. Notwiihstan'rg (be meesage of the Mayor of Phila- deiphia, that the services of (he New York dremea weve vo longer needed as the fixe had been subdued, PHILA- acopridviable nowber went by the several trains yos- terdsy—100 by the So clo k P. M. train—perhaps 300 wert, inell, They did not take the'r apparatus with | them, bat went as volantcers, to assist the Phtladel- to work at their own engines, as the latier must a v0 greatly hy their This fine fee cannot ve too ly commended. The Gremen p. the railroad. This is as free on the feriy and on choold be Sarrerrae.—The insurance companies of this city hare come to a decision that they will not fosure any vwtiding por goods ia any betting. which -on sis more ‘ran 100 ibs, of «al The law liwiss the | amourt of guvpowde:, at any ene place, to tweire pounds. Fater Av«nw.—At 10 o'clock last night, there wasa fplse slovm of fire for Che f (ch distriet Fr t eight o'clock. Ia in the smoke house ct T. 0. ¢ obinson street, in the rear, The firemen wee in prompt dance. and the fire was extingvished with out tefl Fire —A Fire broke out yesterday morning shout te > Ore broke out o'cleek, ina lot of old rheds and stables, in the rear ot lot N Mvibe.sy sticet, oecupied by Thomes Black ard others. Damage trifling. Try Racve Stexer Exeiomox—Docton Trarwacan AND THe AvorRMay oF tie FouaTa.—Tt is im the te- vd by Dr, Traphagan, of Pearl Indy, to the wounded sufferers at the tae of the stenm- botier explasion e street. For neatly a whole week bis business was suspended, and the wounded were carited iuto his store, and attended by the doctor 4d his lady. There were eight of the wounded there at at and for three days and — — own beds and bed clothes, procured ace destroyed with the crowd, and ed with blood as to be rendered ai- When the fund w street sufferers, 41 where the eal ’ ested Dr. Traphagen & bill for bis attendance on tie wounded. i todo so. but at length consented. Finally, however, agreed to fend the bili to the Conunon Council, | bre brandy, ad (he the carpet mest worthie for the Hague Fourth ward, occurred, and Aset » Make out was T not to diminish the fond for the widews and | orphans. The vill. amounting only to $900, was pres sented to the Board of Assistants, it passed. I enme to the Brerd of Alderinen, snd was referred tothe Finarce Commi: They reported im favor of the | bill, end it woe urdmimowsy concurred in by the Beard of Alert think this eas ° nficiont to tinke it law, ifitunly hed the signature of the Mayor, oud why it has uct reecived bis riguatare before this, remains to be explained, Le | on the ist of duly, Oro woald | and they did not hesitate to commence it, ! Struggling to identi/y themselves | ‘eon irregularly detai to the Mayor for his pmo an i hy aw Lion” BOw* Fesponsivie for this extraordi- hary assumption of power? Alderman Oakly was not at home when the bill passed. but arriving next da} aw from the n rs that it had passed unant. mously, It is posit affirmed he wentto one of the Aldermen end induced him to instruct the @lerk of the Common Council not to send the bill to the Mayor, a5 it was (oo much, and a vote of eration be moved. Why did not the Aldermmea ia rs ward openly oppose th board, instea kill st after it has passed both not in his place on the day it Board of Aldermen? seeks to prevent the pa; even $300. But what is the motive of the Alderman? But surely Board of Aldermen not, ifthey have the power, do so outrageous an aet as to recal their unanimous vote, after it bas passed trom their hands. Tur Exrrosion is Cevan Staxet.—A brother two Perrins, who have so badly wout explosiot 49 Cedar street on Tuesday, inform us of the exaet origin of the ex; states that the percussion caps had been ary for about two months on the cock. = pesthon ees. athe on) peaking: x, by jireetion e Ploded in his hand, and that be did not try an; see if they wouldexplode, The brothers P: ‘nue very ‘He Mavon.—The Mayor leaves the city recmit his health by a | of air, after the of oRce in this hot weather. His Honor has. pad Bagg coved a ber we to . duties. Aldermen }, President Aldermen, is to locum|iemns till the Mayor’s return. Fy Tue Liw Courts—Tue Paxsipent’s Dearn.—The- Law Courtiat present in session adjourned m j, iM consequence of the ‘the Wath of the President jench, in each instance, e: Cit; Hall x0 clored, 11 Fespoot y Hall were el ery ect to the memory of the deceased, and, veae cae ‘of his many public services and pri- te E # & i 5 E E H 4 oI g : Pa 0: om ‘reurred the omnibuses Nos, 421 \nd 422, way, in which one of t culpable driving. Wi lose n0 OPorvaniey ving. e@ no Spreng svc tl fhe ed ci ae ol ation, or re} fhe public aiast sy adit the Camrnine.—At 113¢ o'clock o: cam, lamp exploded in No. ret to the the sixth ward ex Accipent.—At 60 ewer age 4 girl three years old.dat of Mr. ger at the corner of Twentieth street and ae, whilet crossing the Third avenue, near Twentieth st.. Tad Btegman. corner of N avenue, The child, which was badly hi up by officer Secor, and brought to the the parents, - Coriiks, rx Comoran Ronsen.—Yesterday morning; Mr. John Collins, the Irish comedian ia to the foot of for Philadelphia, soon ing, the hack, he missed his gold and bank bills. On reeol Mr. Col- that he must have left his purse on the which place ithad been sto- ward police $264 in wat of apr from seal © len. Officer Wood, of the Third Eaged to ferret out the thief, and in cer succecded in catehing Jobn F baggage smashers, who was suspected o} the money, which icion a searching aa attle room oocupled by Piyne, secreted under the bed. fore Justice Lothrop, whe commatted the accused te prison for trial. Unnkann or Crurtty.—The following letter has been addressed to the Chief of Police ith Potice Station, July 10, 1850, To tHe Crue ov Potice :—The following narrative, t exceeds in cruelty anything that ean well bo imsgined. A German boy about fourteen years of ‘was brought to this station house last with ust below the knee, and theotherfeetewinecs about the middle or instep, He says that about a and a half ago his father, who lived at Yorkville, sent him tolive with man named Solomon Merritt, in Salem, New Jersey; that Merritt used him very bad- him go barefooted inthe middle of wia- ter, into the fields, to fodder cattle &e. which, feet were fro: id had to be ompeleea He — —— in this crippled conde d told to go ik to New York, ile, made his- y to. the railroad, and on his habds and rebgetrarts bags w found broughthere. I can only sey, the boy’ ible, and pethe parents and en send him to the Alms House, Yours truly, P. SQUIRES, Capt. Marine Affairs, Sreamentr Paciric.—This vessel was passed at 10 o'clock, on Sunday morning, in lat 40 48, long. 69 40: by the packet ship Ocean Queen, arrived at this port. Bhe was also passed, the came day, at 7A. M., South Shoal bearing north 20 miles, by the brig Cafoline, ar- tived at Boston. Tae Bric Onientat, avn Mn, Tarton.— recollveted that on Tuesday we stated that thet Oriental. purchased, and sdvertised to Calitornia by Mr. Taylor, of Staten jvarantine for several days, lying at seized. on Bow namely kard,” Firet,* is w ' he —The same bi as lest event the interesting and moral drama of the “Drun. of “ Who de teak thi der the gui 0, ince of managers. The si of Mi Mary Taylor is exquisite, and dane Gove tamomas cheering, all the characters are ably sustained, The amusements will close with the “Irish Lion.”* Natrona: Trnare: he enterta: mts will eom- mence with the comedy of the “Heir at Law,’ in which. Messrs. Perry, Chapman, Miss Mestayor and an excel- lent stock company, will appear. The next will be the comedietia of “My Aunt,” and Will close and Mre. White.’ ‘® large assemblage. On Monday the ‘Open Sesam Cristy 's Orena Hoven.—The same attractive feat- ures as thore of last evening, are rmances this evening, namet, urlesque © ers, Dutch Drill, with a great h |, choruses and dancing, form the features of che entertainment. Mrsvom.—The Cpa nae of the moral drama of the “Drunkard,” is attractiog large audien- ces every night, The excellent comedians Messrs. Clarke Iadaway, and other omine rtiste, together with the favorite setress, Miss Alexina Fisher every t receive enthusiastic cheers rvs Rooms —The panorama of the overland route to California is succeeding A Minerva Roos will well repay Uh Conrivs. the distingnished Erish wth tothe stuty L be produced it Sptern ber comedian, is play ing ¥ Rigee and ( head. of London; ne, of New York, ard North Sear. of Gana: ividanle, 4. BR. Fairbanks, Florida, and rived yesterday. and took Foome 1. ett, New London; Capt. Tyler.Ot.; 8 D. Sturges, U. 8. A; Dufl ©. Green, U, 8, Ay amd 183 pthers, strived yesterday, ain tock rooms at the Irving onee Col JG. Rerrett, Washington; J. M. Batithent, Va; Maj J. RK. C, Smit, Philadelphia; Capt. Gease oud, rhip Uccan Queen, and 117 others, arrived Jostverday, and oak rooms at the Aster How kev M. Freneh, Washington; G. A. DePrietat, On- Lvcnia.and acy one others, arrived yesterday, and tookl oafns at the American Hotel. ° = wey and lady, of Wiseousin, are at Ningrta, al