The New York Herald Newspaper, June 21, 1850, Page 6

Henry ia Bol "s Battle of Acgin- Berry, Tourraine, Normandy, L: = eeu ——” — esti nanndie pea, ua 3 Poms 4 pee’ of them tora from | LAND HISTO! oer TY. ings ngland. | MEMORIAL, TO THE MARYLAND CindoNs May 1950; " | '"339-"-Philipge forced: Edward IIT. todo homage | Gawrngmen of THE ManyLann Hisrorican So- | bareheaded, without sword or spars, aad on his | knees, in presence of the kings of Navarre, Bohe- oT aissionary from the oli world has been illu: | pins end Majorca, minating your midst with an equivocal light Until 1840; the French ravaged with success, and from history. He has thereby wronged Republicam | tool or burnt every town from Plymouth to Sand- | Fraace, with intention and deliberation, in abasiag | wich. Not an English shipcould quit a port without | facts, and applying opprobrious epithets to her | beingtaken. Here, however, fortune changed. 1349. | ople; and he has impo-ed upon the testive circle | —The English King had the good forwune to c ste fi which he played the ortor, by turning thet | the French among the sand banks in a place cilled hospitalities to his own potitical account. The | «ppeluse,” and having wind and tide in his favor, | table orator was the Nicaragus negotiator, but he | and suddenly aided by a Flemish fleet, easily de- | is also the assailant of Republican France at an | feated them. He then invaded France with 50,000 American board n nen* and besieged Tournais without success. An While he was advancing the Nicaraguan treaty Snglish fleet was defeated off Guernse: by flattering all the cousicuous partes im the A truce was eigned and soon bro’ Edward American executive, he was, ia the behalf of Great | aded Guienne uselessly, his Lieutenant, Derby, Britain, attempting to alicauie, at the same time, | being beaten into Bordeaux. Edward driven from the two great republics of the United States and | gy attempt to suceor him, landed on the coast of France. This double desixn is not to be looked | Normandy, without opposition, and advanced al- for at the bottom of his adulwtion of Clay and | jhost to Paria But on the advance of the French Webster, it is true ; but it is apparent in the elabo- King, he retreated to Creey, where he gained a h rate nonsense intended tur the President. Without | complete victory, partly by the fault of the French any of the context, the parailel attempted between | cavalry, and more particularly owing to the use for Agincourt and Buena Vieta is proof of ch more | the first time by the English be Baan The English than the nauseous flattery of President Taylor. It | then retreated to and took Calais, 1347. also asserts that, in the opinion of the speaker, In 1256, the Black Prince gained the battle of French disaster and English prowess can, an Poiti ‘nnd made Jean, the French king, prison- ought to be, held up by w Uritish miaister to the | er, To recover his liberty, he sacrificed a portion ear of an American public, iu humiliating contrast. | o/',js territories, and thereby nearly caused a civil Mr. Bulwer did not intend uothiag against France | (var. His son, Charles V., was more fortunate. by the ancient scrap of mi-fortane which he pa- " 1364.--Edward, flattered by the successes of his raded from her annals, to the glory of England. distinguished son, the Black Prince, reassumed the Nor was the something he intended a mere insult. title of King of France, which he had given up at It was much more. 1t was his ivtention to habi- the last treaty. Charles V. prepared therefore to tuate the taste of Americans to light opinious of | invade England. The English army was every the French, and corresponding admiration of the — where worsted, and compelled to return to England, English, so that they shull hereafter prefer aris | the Black Prince and his best officers being eatirely tocrats to republicans eclipsed by Duguesclin and his officers. 1372.— “ Confident and over lusty ‘The English fleet was defeated off Rochelle, which by meek and lowly Euy the French were beseiging—every ship was taken the same success as fev! or destroyed. Poitou, Angoumois, Guienne and and under similar cir Gascony “submitted to Charles V. The Black of England, therefore, i« Prince, shut up in Bordeaux, and thoroughly dis- supetaney Of the United Stu couraged, returned to his father the fragile distine- og «eee a ag ag tions and grandeurs he had received from him over @ former Senta Anna, and F n France. Edward, however, made a last attempt exjcans occupied nea'ly the same level with re- through his son, the Dake of Lancaster, but this spect to their conquerors. ‘There was not a word srmy was reduced to the last extremities, and said to prevent the application of this hypothesis tO forced to re-embark. These misfortunes hastened he pessent day. . the deaths of Edward and the Black Prince. IfSir LI, Bulwer’s motives were good, his abuse | “Phe French fleet ravaged the coasts of England, of facts should be corrected. Bathe rcted upon and amt Rye, Plymouth, Dartmouth Potrsmouth selfish deliberation. He must not only bear th® | ang Pool. The Isle of Wight suffered also. The consequences in his diplomtic intercourse, but he | Prench disembarked ‘anarmiy in the face of the Eng- must submit to historical rebuke. By the citation ji4}, ‘army, defeated it at Lewes, in Sussex, and re- of a fact which he tears from all its associations, | embarked with immense booty. he has knewingly und paryosely imposed upon | "Cherbourg, given up by Charles le Mauvais, the. your society, and tried to stir up bad blood between | rival of Charles V. ‘The English fleet, attacked ties, who must never be encouraged to despise, | §nd badly treated by that of France, could oaly that they may hate each other. ‘The States of the | Gitembark a portion of troops into the towa, Union, Maryland as much us any, have @ great |“ "Phe long minority, and the madaess of Charles interest accurate knowledge of that history | yy jeft France open to protracted dissensions and which records the straysies of great nations | disasters, The commencement of his reivy was at- like) these im question. They have the s tended, however, with some suecess. Th? English interest i. Fane fis cis Tho republicans | were driven from Brittany. 1382 —Flanders submit- of America have the fame and honor of the | teq after the battle of Kosbacque; and Poitou, Sein- Fepublicans of France ia their keeping, und should | tonge and Limousin were recovered by the French not allow any British Minister to wound them by | {3% distorted partial statements of ancient facts. In | the approaching bloody he superiority compared to the s. ‘The inference | Invasion of England by the celebrated Jean de trugele for the world, be- | Vienna, who, though deserted by the Scotch, tween freedom and despotism, the French and | marched through a great part of England and Americans must find in old obligations, not less than | Wales with hardly 1,500 men, and re-enbarked in congenial systems, their destinies united against | with immense booty. us the declared enemies of miwkind, ae |” 1386.—Invasion again projected on a great scale, For the breach of decorum, the British Minister | p44 eventually broken up by intrigues and cabals, Will be punished properly by the Preach Minister— | which led to disastrous results. A portion of the and-there is democrucy enough at Wushiagt | fleet, however, attacked an English fleet, and reject any appeal he may mike from the d ion | though the latter was furnished with canaon, the of the immediate party iojured. If there be some | French, celebrated for their skill and courage in embarrassment on accouut of * the difference of boarding, succeeded in closing with the English language,” s0 osteutatiously dwelt upoa by Mr. | Qui corsthetely destroyiag thene Bulwer, it will be overbaliveed by the sympathy of | “Ag English fleet ond army attacked Rochelle medoe, Cham- to the usages of those old times, these ions were repeatedly restored to them, and again recon- nrered und recouquered t uatil wi last, the Erenah, jor the sake of peace, were compelled to retain them and annex them to their country. ‘We would thea finally ask the missionary of England, why his countrymen, who gained the battle of Agincourt, of which he makes so much ado, were So Tepeniegy SENOS, out of France ? aad being so driven out of France repeatedly, whether they could have been so driven out otherwise than by constant defeats and reverses? Whether, pos sessing as they did, at the beginning of each war, all the towns and strongholds in each of their nu- merous provinces, they did not probably, like their descendants, think more of get awa’ (as some British military authors confess, than of advancing boldly into an ene: country Perhaps the missionary will tell us, it was from a desire to imitate (rather awkwardly) French polite- ness, that they so courageously got away? His Spanish experience will enable him to answer that question, no doubt, satisfactorily ! And whetherit is not an indubitable fact that in spite of British val- ourand indomitable courage, which makes school- boys say one Englishman isa match for half adoz- en Frenchinen, (perhaps these young gentlemen are the missionary’s authority ?)—-whethe fact, that Englend never could keep, and has not for centuries possessed those extensive and beauti- ful provinces which surrounded the little kingdom of France, and which had belonged to her kings by right of birth, marriage, &e.? 1f she does not possess them, was she not driven out? and since the introduction of stem, is not her own insular position become so critical, as her highest existing military and naval authorities as- sert, that we may look for still greater changes? Can the learned missionary, who professes to know history, explain these oy. facts, and also explain the last interrogatory ? We pause for a reply. ARCUS. Fresh Water for the Botlers of Sea Steamers, ‘The advantages from the use of fresh water for generating steam in a sea going steamer, have been so often reiterated, and are now so well understood by engineers, that we suppose it is an admitted fact that from 25 to 33 per cent less coal would be re_ quired for the voyage, while the duration of the boilers would be at least doubled, were there some method by which an adequate supply could be ob- tained. Of course carrying it in casks, is out of the question. Several inventions have been brought before the public, professing to obtain a sufficiency from the condensation of the steam, which had been used as a motive power, as this seemed a source, from which it might advantageously be de- rived, but all these have lacked durability, and have consequently failed 6f successful adaption. We have been for some years aware, however, that an engineer of our own city,was engaged in ex- riments under this head, and have now reason to lieve that he has completely obtained the de- sired end. It has been our aim to keep the readers of the Herald informed of all progress makiag in steam navigation, and under date of April 19th, we gave an extract from a Philadelphia paper, relative to an apparatus for providing fresh water, which it stated, had been applied to one of the Charleston steemers from that port, and that so far it had worked admirably. ‘e at once requested one of cur correspondents there, who is an able engineer, to look into the matter and report the details, as we well knew the great interest sucit an invention would possess to our readers. He wrote that the inventor had afforded him every explanation, but had requested that no publicity should be given to fuets, until several voyages should have been made, and the efficay of the apparatus fully demonstrated. Our correspondent has now furnished the report re- quested, from which we take such parts as are of most,interest, regretting that we have not space to republican principles. Mr. Poussin was reproved | and was driven off. Richard II. was compelled to instanter at New York for « lighter fault; and it is conclude a pe. ce, by which he restored Brest to the fate pared ls successor would tiple ee | Duke of Brittany, and Secpests ip: Kiag of line of official courtesy gether: he has broken | "Henty IV. of England having, during peace, sent the pale of ceremony, and has provoked that rude- | fleet io annoy the coast of Brittany, it was there ness in return Which he may soon see enter atthe | sitacked and destroyed. 1403—The inhabitants breach | be ; Tt wiil require but a short excursion into history, | retorted upon the English their attempt, ravaged to arrest the designs of Mr. lsalwerin his contempt: | ‘MEY goasits and defeated their roope. ae. uous quotation of Agincourt. Perhaps even the lish called in by one or other faction, France be- envenomed aristocracy of England will not thank came each day onl more and more feeble. When, him after the exposure, for vaunting of an isolated | therefore, Heary ¥. came to the throne of England victory gained on battle fields full of their reverses, | jn 1473, he determined to profit by these unforvu- and forever in the possession of their antagonists. | nate circumstances, and renew the ancient claim. But republican France is eutied to a hearing in | "Y4y5 "Te Aummst 1115, he embarked with 50,000 republican America—and the trach of history will | menon a fleet of 1,600 vessels, of ell cesta, aad land certainly be welcome to the Mutyland Historical | Ci‘ at the mouth of the Seine, in a country distracted Society. tony 4 saan devoted to the task will by Contendian factions. October.-tla iged therefore not be lost : b as 60 bese Itis all very well for a minute specimen of tha | Honfleur, and a month ufter gained the cgeieoceitee Anglo-Saxon race to talk with oratorieal flourish of | prynee. s Ghustioub and Uifmasiye’ coatiot Soe S Loe eek atta Of | was infinitely more hurtful to France than the bat- bragging rests upon the vasion of history and | tles of Crecy and Poitiers, as it happened under cir- the very natural error « wading the effects of | cumstances which rendered it for the time irrepa- institutions with the physics! organization of the rable. 1420.—And in 1420 Paris surrendered to oP osiak thet hanlne. Re found. who | Henry who took the title of Regent. still think that Angle has nothiag to Charles VIE. found the Englich in posee <a pn ge jority over | three-fourths of his kingdom. 1423 —Jaenne d’ Are oe ee B osperity | drove the English from Orleans, then gained, the : mociaey. Bat if even before | pattie of Pata, &e. ke. M28. 1436.—They held ys ar! a eee Paris until 1436, when seeing themselves worsted out o z o hat history is a record of | everywhere, they quitted it. give it entire. ‘<The steamer Osprey has an improved conden- sing apparatus, 80 constructed that the condensa- tion of the steam to produce the usual vacuum, is eflected without mixing it with the salt injection water, as formerly the case. The steam from all water is of course fresh, and being reduced to the solid form again, should give back a quantity of water equal to that of which it was originally com- ed. Some of the steam generated will have ‘n lost by leaks, as at the stuffing boxes, gauges, &e., and on this vessel, that loss is made up bya very ingeniously arranged evaporator, which is constently in pee when the engine mo- tion, ond my also be used at any other time if ne- cessary. The condensed water from both these sources is delivered into a reservoir, ready to be pumped into the boilers by the ordinary feed pump. “ These are precisely the results intended to have been accomplished by the use of Hall's Eng! in- vention, which performed to entire satisfaction, but which, from radical defects in the principle of its construction, it was found could not be kept in or- der; the vacuum would be impaired on the slight- est defect, and consequently the efficiency of the engine would be destroyed "Ta the Osprey, it wae evident to any engineer that if the apparatus should i 1, it can only be in the action of fresh water, since the vacuum must still be as perfect as » ing : the boilers would plied with salt water instead of fresh, but this would not involve the necessity of stopping the engine even for a moment. fhe Osprey fills her boilers here with fresh 7 5 Philippe of Burgandy made peace with Charle: Saxon humilistion The Mtyland tistor- | anq' Queen Isabella, the other principal cause o - ito. dy s paste sme mbes 6 ‘de hogy tthe cite | Ue previous misfortunes, died about this time. all to it the yr cherwmeg consideration of the citi- | 11450.—The French Gontinued to gaia ground,and zeneof the United States. | defeated the Engiish in most engagemeats ia Nor- It igen og pm rg mandy—Cherbourg alone remained to them. Near ee Dont te tke rest tbh ee | hee ee famous battls of Fourmigni, boon poten aay the end “of Mr. Balwer, aad estab- bes 7 thes 5 ages, the English contra ate a da > » hinheak ! .—Ia_Guienne, same success; Tal Sieetsiealiel ot weaibted se tateur eoete taates beaten and billed, and the Haglish fleet taken, with :, - tly shes the town of a m Tues eng, Ported is ally we Premeninee Nothing now remained to the King of England Mr. Bulwer's ground, and not because it ia more | but the two towns of Calais and Guines, which the favorable to France, thin her earliest stru French king dkd not besiege, as the Duke me. with Cwear, and her latest against the Cossacks of | St2¢Y claimed them. Thus an ambition to seize all Europe,’ It se of 340 yeara—it de- | We kingdom of France, eost the kings of Bagland Seonte Gavel fer which. verious invasions of | their. hereditary sions on the continent, and France by Wuited the iaferaul coalition | "aut them up in their island, which the sea render of 1815—otherwise called the Holy Allianee, now | ¢4 difficuls of invasion, although not free from the esr = espero | ed 25,000 men and 1,600 horse at Caiais; but ho seon after made peace. Hlenry VUL, though his family owed its throne to French aid, yetdid not hesitate to take advan- ‘tl tage of a foreign war, in which the French were “| engaged, to attack their coasts. Iie fleet was di- epitome of the xrrroms. Anno 1060.—The dows of the French K Philippe Ist, onl ed Picardy, Ife France, Orlean: a small town, w any . tol Le was surroun , several of whom were his vas by powerful prin j Soares sals, euch as the Dukes of Normandy, Brittany, _ - ‘ Flanders, Provence nd Savoy.” Y+ | 1513 —On the 25th April, 1512, a French fleet of 1066.—By the conquest, Evgland became for a | inferior foree beat the English tof Brest--the French admiral Pregent killing the Koglish admi- ral Llowerd. Another naval battle was fought in the same year with Howard's brother, in which the English oufiered a still severer defent of St. Mahe again the French did not reckon half that of the ——: There are ether ex- ploits of a simidar kind, which distinguished this time almost the vassal of France, its sovereign, William the Conqu loiog homage to the king for his Dukedom of Normandy . William, offended at a king, Philippe Ist, made war but his own death, near Rourn os After the desth » Henry, and that of Stephen, the Plantag: F h extraction | Maritime war. also) caine | : Knglah throne, ant | Henry VIIL, who esalesced with the Einperor ; cic | Maximilian, Ferdinand of Spain, and the Swiss, though obtaining some success with their aid, con- cluded peace at the end of the same year, 1518. 1515.—I lis ewecessora have never attempted any serious invasions of France since that period. Wirt campaigns were undertaken have generally tore 1 eut so disastrous al | managed, h of the French him. No results, Heary It | Peanee, Weat ove French king. T y soon | Pposerssio « nent little was thought of quarrels which the | Spanish war of independen cnglish kings, the essors, Were almost always | siastic aid of the inh worsted passed into Fr vot 15, marched against | and ris with them in BSS : vem to keep to the Th ¢ find after all, the very ugly fact thot the English gained ouly three great be'tles—Creey, 1 | Pontiers and Agincourt—against at besat sit great * battles gained by the French at Boo vines, Tate bourg, F Lewes, Patti, Orlewss, Fourmig- ni, ¢ f the English vietores, Crecy was F Was SiB- | pained by the use, for the first time, of cannon. Agincourt wae more a ranasacre of demoralized he | oops, canght in a trap, than a regalar ight In naval conflicts, the French generally had the advant late. Even betore ¢ oratime, 1% —Phil the English, treaties between the two countries. 1213 John to do homage Maine, Anje ened to rein nalize| by a se In 1214, he gained al Bouvines, in which, with 4 mach infen defeate! the anited arm op benny of Eagland, ant ns m Normandy, sod threat. the German Emperor Otho. they w ished for naval s! rowrage 1223.—Lovis VIII. took from the English every- | and adventure vd fow nations have it better thing they yoesesred on the north side of the rivet — batiles or gaised more victories, with even inferior ne. Henry LIL. made vain efforts tu keep his | fleet e the battle of tion of their ao, beat them Englich grined by good fort I'Eeluse. Yet the French, with a navy employed in the Mediterrane off Guernsey, Rochelle, Cherbourg, Bri St. Ma in Poitou. | during whieh D. The territories of the king of France now touehed the Mediterranean. 1292-3.—Under Philippe 1V. (le Bel) war was ain renewed with Eoginnd, owing to the anitno- shies Between the subjects of both kinadoma, the necessity which the kings of France 1 of the domains of the he, and off the coasts of Normaniy, B: y and England, in important battles, not to speak of a vast number of minor conflicts. Tt must be mind that the skill and reputation of the Eaglish ia naval affairs is of modern date, and the result of her changed position, as a commercial country. he reverses of the French at sea during misgovera ment and the confnsion of the tevolution, have pro- daced a completely false impression respectiag the naval character ot the Fi and one which is ' direotly opposed to historical facts. 4 Grecy and Poitiers thoagh claimed as great vie. tories produced no froita, for we ne eo | = > re worsted, aad driv- ering ihe heen: telloorins teliean et: hove), | ek ae Pees oe ee Phillippe V., and Charles IV., every attempt onthe | jot for the distracted state of the country, the rt of the L:nglish was instently suppressed. The | same thing would without doubt have followed Fetter king took Guienne from Edward Il, who | Agincourt, for among a warlike people, it is hurd sent his wife, Leal sister of Charles, 00 af foren enemy to hold ground for any leagth of time. range matters, and the Prince of Wales coated Here treachery and animosity of parties aided the Hy homage St | father. borage a S | English, A few years, however, turwed the eoale, stored Edward's domains asa fa’ | jain we have the English “driven ow teed to say, “out of tenderness for his sister Isa | Tin weep, in ugly faet, that the kings of Eng- a | lend, possessing eleven provinces in France, against The three pent of patie: a yi bey firing four belonging to the French king, and moreover Without issue male, iHippe (de Valove 4 = 0 backed, by Fingland itself,» country larger ani more ceeded his cousins. Edward IIL., of Engtand, Wd “ lous four of the simallest provinces thought it a good opportunity to trouble France, ee rence nevertheless were constantly worsted, although only claiming through hie mother, Tsa- | and saw their hereditary possessions taken by the bella, a claim cut off by the Salique Law. French king one after thé other; and that, too, by 1828. —France, at this epoch, comprised nine | the fault of their own ambition, and their deficienc provinces, Picardy, Vile de caused by had felt of taking possessio English king. see Edward. tried to form 9 league. with Flanders ond Brittany. He tet with nothing but Teverses in Gascony. Dover wes tikea and barnt, andPhillippe moreover gained the celebrated bat- tle of Furnes against the Eoglish and Flemish at- 7 oreupe tangs, Orleanais, | in military skill. Aad we also see that, according | ie aetl vote” Delaware water, which, by means of the condenser, she vses over and over again until she gets to Charleston, and might as easily continue round the world. At that port she must empty the boilers of the hot water in order to cool sufficiently to clean the furnaces, and she fills them with the salt water of the harbor, as fresh cannot be had. The evapo- tutor is so effective that a sufficient supply is pro- @uced to render that in the boilers perfectly fresh by the time she has reached the capes. The ship has now made some seven or eight voyeges, and the boilers are as perfectly clean as when new. “The Philadelphia and Atlantic Ste: avign- tion Company are the owners of this ship, and I was informed by the President, A. W. Thompson, Isq., that they estimate the saving of fuel as of very ma- terial importance, They are so highly gratified with the performance of the new condenser that they intend to have it a to the engines of the new chips they are building for the same line. The engineer, Mr. George F. Coffer, expresses himself much pleased with it, as he is enabled to get a bet- ter vacuum, ard also to keep the water in the boilers at an uniform height. I have to ackoow- ledge the kindness of both those gentlemen for the information here given. “The alterations were made by Meesrs. Mer- tick & Sen, in their usaal excellent manner, and under the immediate supervi of the inventer, Mr. Joseph P. Virsson, ‘ot New York, who, I le as been four or five years in perfeeting his inve tion, and has now patents in the United States and in the principal count “1 do net Hesitate to express invention will yet be the means of shortening t eT from New York to Liverpoot from one te wo days.” z Affairs on the Gold Coast. Our California Correspondence, Los Axoates, April 15, 1350. New Town of Chino—Tneft—Arrival of Emi- grants—Elections and Polsticas Jatelligence— The Garden of California—Olives, Oranges, Grapes, | Wine, &c. I left Chino about a week since, visit to this place. a temporary Since I first visited it, about eight months siace, a great change has taken place. Everything now gives token of rapid progress, — Jones, Esq., the land partner of Col. Weller, at San Francisco, is now here, and has lately com- pleted # purchase, at Sau Pedro, of a tract of land, on which it is designed to form # town, at an ex- pense of 50,000. made there. it is said a good harbor can be A good deal of excitement revails here just now, ubvut the purchase of Chino y the Mormons, about which | wrote you in my fast. Threats are freely thrown out abeut dispossessing them by force, whea- ever they shall take possessiva. But L thiak the people will think better of it. By the by, the troops that were ordered to Chinv have been couutermand- ed. This seems a queer movement. The govern- ment officers have incurred an expense of more than $6,000 in the want of a building, which they have never taken possesson of, and in the transportation of military stores, and now they de-line coming, and that too, at a time when their services are most urgently needed. Asa Brook} will meation that Joha Forster, Juan, hus had stole: Eeq., of the n within the past week his en- ussion of San tire stock of tame horses, comprising about one hundred head. They were tracked into the ‘ Ca- hoone Pass,” and were no doubt stolen by the Utah chief Walker, and his gang. Thisleads'me to mention, that a fine horse | rode down from Chino, was stolen the night after my arrival, from the gar- den of atriend, where he was tied. security at all for property of this kind here, There is no The whole country is filled up with Sonoraniuns, and they take as suits their convenience. The number of these people that have come into this country this season, is ut least six thousand, and hundreds are ip bed One good result accrueste the peo- u ple of made cheap. Men are now to be is section from this movement: labor is hired in abun- dance for less than one dollar per day, A large party of Americans ha They are from Knoxville, T pluce the 2d°of Ma Anderson, of that place. ade by. this party, as well as by numerous others, 2 assed to-day. 9 a left that Their leader is Gen. Great complaints are at the state of things on the Colorado river. There is a gang of outlaws there, headed by a desperado from Arkansas, who have taken possession of the ferry established there by Lieut. Coutts, and pre- vent ali others from ferrying over travellers. Their charges are most enormous, having been known some days to take as bigh as $2,500. An Irishman who went down to the lower crossing and estab- lished a ferry in connection with the Indians, they deliberately murdered. This state of things calls loudly on government for the establishment of a military post at the junction of the Gila and the Colorado. Gen. Smith, however, who is now at San Diego, will probably take the mbiect into con- sideration, as he is down here for t! e purpese of establishing another post in this section of Califor- nia. At Sun Diego, by the by, they are building a new town, some three miles nearer the harbor than the old one. A good deal of interest is felt here in relation to the m sion of this State. e that has been made in Congress relative We are ell here to a man in favor of it, and of a territorial government for this portion of it. ‘The taxes assigned by our Tast ety are considered most exorbitant, and it will, think, be found difficult to collect them. There is a Rev. Mr. Brier here, who came through last fall from the Salt Lake, and was ons of the number who started off, when a little below the Utsh Lake, to find another entrance through the Sierra Nevada into the Tulue Valley. They wan- dered about more than three months, and finally came out near the Mission of San to the north of this. starvation arid fa’ well, of Washington Cit ly with him, incleding Fernando, Six of their company died of them, Capt. Cald- Me, Brier had his fami- is wife and several chil- ren, one of whom was but four monthe old. ‘These heve walked twenty-five miles a day, and sometimes without water for two Seve at 4 time. They lived for many weeks on n An account of their suf properly written, would equal anything of th of their cattle. ever indited. he beef ings, if e kind - Count Harestie, a Hungarian, who is now living at the Mission of San Juan, an lust fell by the Gila route, id who came through , 8 about establishing a Roman Catholic College in this section, under the auspices of the clergy. Le is said to be a worthy men, and a fine scholar. ‘The elections in this eity resulted generally inthe election of the Spanish ticket throughout, the old Californians not choosi ith the government. . Sutherland, of Philadelphia, is e! A instance of the excellence of this climate, mention that | have this day Visited a vine fo trust the San Die; Americans a son of Joel ed Judge. yard, in which there ere vrange tees More than twenty feet hi large and ‘excel Date trees, olive trees, quinces, peaches, pples, all of which, wtih the exception of h, that produce ai abundance of trees, pomegra- ¢ last, yield in the greatest profusion, and of the best quality. There are ulso about forty-five acres of vinee, that yield many thousand barrels of the best wine. This is undoubtedly the Italy of the United States, and the garden of California. San Francrsco, April 30, 1950. Complaints Against the Collector of the Customs. A constant reader of your valuable journal, you will pardon the liberty of addressing you in rela- tion to some of the grievances experienced by some of the business men of this city, which ere of a na- ture thet some remedy must be applied by our neral government, since no one here engaged in of thi taken by the vernment at duties qualities mercantile pursvils can possil)) justice pruetised by those who trust aud responsibility amongst us. For one, I know of uo better mode of improv! miserable management of al forded us as citizens, of speaking boldly through the columns of the press, stating the trae position here, trusting that notice thereof will be ese generally, es well as by our go- pertainin, r. Col ' submit to the ine hold high offices of the present irs here, than is af- You must be well aware the appointment made by the present administration lier es Collector of this por appointment of such great importance should be made, es all merchants here will admit, with so little consideration on the part of those who placed in that office one so totatly inexperinced with the to the seme. Whatever good er may possess of filling other stationa, that of his total unfitness for the one which he at present ooeupies, will be denied by no one, and acknowledged by all acquainted with his thet of Mr. © airprisiag that an acts. Removed as we are so far from the seat of Inreresrina rrow Mexico—The New Orleans | government, great care should be taken ia appoint- Pwaywne of the 12th inst. says:—We moses ; Men's made to fill offices of responsibility la yesterday files of papers from Mexico, wh though no later than had previensly come to han contain se verd ‘ems of news. M. Me'chor Geompo, who had r it his of- not be per- j fice of Minister of the Treasury, cou! suaded to withdraw his resignation, and conse- pepe D. Bonifacio Gutierres was appointed in his place A kind of an insurrection hed broken ont in the | fi ci But « city of Prebla among the officers aad seldiers com- poring the be m of lturbide. ntly Governor of the State, had, obtained leave of absence, | r Furlong exerei vernatorial office. Thi good ince for a pronunciamento te the ung spirits in the army, and accord: position and tesned @ proclamat deebaring that | they would never lay down theit arms till Seaor | Mugiea reassumed the governership. functions of the Mr. Cot grounds, pe:haps a statemen all doubts as to the correetne: inst cet which | sh name will stnkiagty exhibit Mr. Collier's ignorance ef our revenue laws. I doubt if a boy attending to custom house busin in the States would be guilt: begin. this instence the administration has been sadly de- That these remarks are based upon jast of frets will remove of the same. The of #0 gross au error. In the month of December, had just assumed the duti Is seoms that | fier, he saw fit to seize ald French vessels bringing | cargoes from other ports than those belonging to ea of his of- the government of France, in which case not alone d the | the vessel, but also carge, was confiscated, with 8 | the exception, however, when such cargoes of Ves- quiet | sels belonged to some of bis parveular frends—for ly ae tock OPA | the collector has hie favorites. ‘The parties whose goods were thus unlawfolly seized, sought redress at Washington. The Secretar, reedily acknowled; ofthe Treasury ed the confiscation to be ille. I they hed remained firm im this determination | pal, but at th. e time | he whole setsle- they, would very likely have had @ hard time of it, Crest of the matter ‘with the Collector himeelt, as che respectable gentleman. wowk! not come when called on, but positively refused to hive any- thing te do with the affair o¢ the government citer. Of course, after thie, the imsurgents had nothing more to do, so they at discre- ton. Altogether it was a feany prece of business. In Haomantla some difficulties of a more serious aature had occurred. A number of coatrabyndists had attacked the soldiers wito were goarding the tobsece, and drove them off Three handred men and two pieces of artillery wore instantly despatched to the scene of disorder. A @sputed boundary question between the Stites of New Leon and vewipas is about to be re- ferred to a joint commission. I iS Way it is thoughtan eticable settlement can be procured On the 13th ult. a fire occarred in the city of Mexico, but did not . The papers still aceow Tavages of the cholera. In Tabaseo the disease had broken out with great violence. At Queretaro the number of deaths since the conmencement of the epidemic amounted to 728. The goverament has decided, in case the cholera should attack the gael. to form a new cemetery at Molino del ey sun ——— In the Citealt Court of a action was brought nat Neit Benson and Ira Porter, ode inNeversiak, for non pay. At of rent plajorttt his tithe. and thewed that he bad herd jee for forty years; leo, on Pee had paid it On ReveFAl ooo. tions ¢ defendants a be plant wae Set pie owner of the land opomed tO controrert bis tifle, The Judge decided that the fret of co long euffeient warrant plaintiff's tite, mnpt to disprove it would be useless 'y found tor plaintif, withoat leary. Ast Rest Cast De who, on being called upon by the part show the least inclinaaon to deliver « or to pay for the same, but merely st ftorege on said gooda woul did not the goods d tha’ the ‘for with seth him, amount to considerable more than the whole value of the article. explonation, When a seizure i acknowledged by is no more than Supposing this to be sufficrent he sew Gt in the most arbitrary man- her to refuse oll fastuer consider lawfully made, and as soch Secretary of the Treasury, it justice that sat.efaction should at ion of the same. once be afforded t0 the injured pariy—thet is, pay- be mude ment for cary: the article thus seized on the market price of arrival, or the day on which the confiscation took pluce, and the delive- ty of vessel to the proper owner. Mr. Collier's Word is law ia this country, at least it remains such till further adviees are received from Washington, where months are t a sum exered: the merchant seeks redress. Twelve spent, during whieh time, perhaps, ¢ « half a million of dollars is lock- ed up; atthe expiration of that time it is more than probelie that the imposter will still have ne jus tice done him. haveno Un the necessity man i here well merchant wi overmment more fa many that you will the notice of government et complaints whieh must have Menge ~ Wh 4 high Ae sent measures of Mr painted with the revenue lawe—the ted, and the interest of Hy attended to. [tis hoped It must be remembered that we States law courts in. this country; ad want of these is keenly felt by je it that We are without them? ¥: id be put to the pres . Collier; a man Must be sent this matter fally to shington. From the ached the Se- cretury of the Treasury, he must long since havo been convinced that the eppointment of Mr. C was a blunder. You will be informed of Mr. Movements by Collier's foture IspgrexpRncr. Our Washington Correspondence. Wasuineton, June 10, 1850. Some of the Pepper and Salt of Old Bullion. The Senate were entertained to-day with a regular set-to on the Compromise or Omaibus bill, from the beginning to the end. On the resumption of the bill, at twelve o’ctock, Mr. Hale having the floor, gave way to the Senstor from Missouri, whereupon Mr. Benton rose and moved the post- ponement of the bill to the 4th day of March, 1851. | His speech upon this motion against the bill was very well adapted to stir up the belligerent feelings of Mr. Clay ; for the whole argument was intended to scout and ridicule the measure out of counte- mance. speech of Mr. Benton. . “First of all, sir, the bill is compounded and com ‘ty-nine sections, a very ominous | number, ALL IN MY EYE. * “As tothe public distress, there is nothing of the kind ; the distress is all among the politicians, and that, sir, is all in my eye.” [Laughter.] THE FIVE WOUNDS. . “The Senator from Kentucky has said that th country is bleeding trom five distinct and separate wounds, all gaping, and all bleeding, counting them upon the five fingers of his left hand. Now it so happens, that the Senator, hke myself, has only five fingers on his left hand, and of course the wounds gave out because the fingers gave out.” (Laughter. ] ; “Iam called upon to treat all this as a serious matter—the seriousness of the Senator from Kea- tucky precludes the idea of an intentional joke.” AN ARITHMETICAL COMMITTEE “<T would call this afree committee. They voted for themselves—they voted against any instructions to themselves—they voted that the Senate should do nothing while they were out. Itis, sir, the free committee. Jt is more, sir. Itis the arithmetical committee. A committee of thirteen—six on oue tide, and six on the other, and a border man as the i thirteenth, who has the most difficult task in horse racing to perform, that of riding on both sides of the sapling at once.” [Laughter.) DESCRIPTION OF A SCAPE-GOAT, “California is made the scupe-goat of all the sins of slavery. He read from a book describin the way in which the seape-goat was packed o! with the sins of the children of Israel. The goat was taken to the northeastern corner of the court of the temple, where the High Priest bound a piece of red scarlet around the goat’s head, laid both hands upon it, and confessed all the sins of the chil- dren of Israel, when the goat was taken to a high rock, and pushed over it backwards, so that it should have nochance of escape. Thus, sir, is California made the scape-goat of all the sins of slavery. (Laughter.)” SIDE BY SIDR. “Three months ago the Senator from Kentucky and myself were side by side He left me, as he had a right to do; but [did not follow, as I had the right not to follow. But, sir, if one man travels fast, while the ether st J. stil, in a short time they may be very wide apart. LOST TIME, “ Three bo us months lost, sir! and who is reeponsible ? I shall not ask aay questions of the Senator from Kentucky, for the law exempts a man frem enswering any questions which may crimi- nate himself. Mr. Clay—I do not ask any such exemption. Mr. Benton—But the law gives it, sir, and I am a law-abiding man.” (Laughter.) APPLYING THE SCREWS. <1 “ And this, sir, is what we call # compromise. You put the screws to them, and they must come up toit. Itimplies that, if you can’t get what you want, you must take what you can get. It implies that you must come up to it, and give a vote which you would not otheiwise give.” e “ Try it, sir, and into flinders you will see the bill fly before these Senators, who, in voting for it, will either compromise their oaths, their consci- ences, or their instructions; things, sir, which do not easily admit of a compromise. RURAL FELICITY. “ And ofl that the committee promise, in com- pensation to California, is the hope that one day she will become a happy and distinguished member of this Union. Felicity and glory and from the vocation of Californ this felicity at least > will be the happiest felicity, that which poet's describe as rural felicity. ‘THE OLD ORGAN. “ And we are called upon to dance to the old or- in, With its screws all loose, and its strings all exc old organ of the four ‘fs,’ ‘fifty-four forty or fight;’ and we must turn round, cross over, and back out to the music.” (Laughter.) SARSAPARILLA “ The difference, then, sir, between this bill and the other bills before the Senate, is just the differ- ence between old Dr. Jacob Townsend's sarsapa- rilla and Dr. S. 1. Townsend’ rilla. They are compounded of the same roots; bat eld Doctor Jacob Townsend says that it requires a great deal of science to preserve the chief ingredients from exhalation. And as it is with old Dr. Jacob Town- rend’s sareaparilla, 80 it is with the bill of the eam. mittee. They have corked up the etherial proper- ties of the sarsaparillia, which would otherwise evaporete. The label, sir, is everything. Old Dr. Jacob Townsend's sarsaparilla.”” THE JOY OF MR. CLAY. “When this committee was a ited, sir, the Senator from Kentucky exhibite gratification in a face resplendent with joy. He actually seemed to ache with joy, ‘He coupratulated ‘the Senste, and he congratulated the country, that the danger was past; but, sir, it is always best not ‘to Hal-loo! till you are out of the woods.’ ” Our Baltimore Corrcspondence. Bavtmone, Jane 18 1850, The Return of the Independent Grays—The Hon. Dabney S. Carr—Reward for Mardecers— Arrest —Enforcem=at of the Sunday Law— Trotting Match $e. The Independent Grays reachod Baltimore yestor. doy, irom their prolonged visit to New York, Albany, Went Point, Phila: ok as if they bad rerved faithfully in campaign of true pleasure and enjoyment. They were met at the depot by the 634 Regiment, and ercorted through the eity to their armory. On arriving in the vicinity, flags were found susperded in every direction and, at the corner of Gay ond High street, an arch was thrown acrors the street benring the words “ Welcome home to the Tn- dependent Grays” ‘They speak im the bighest terms | of the cordial reception given them at New York, bj the Montgomery and New York Guat indeed, of the ee yaeees 4 of the cities they passed. all being watiring im their efforts to make thelr scjowrn happy and agreeable date for the Sherifaity election. He says he has been jer by accepting it. wabeied, dees not take place f come yet Mayor Stansbury has at last offered a reward for the errest aud con eters of a colored man teen. apparently for mere am@urement George Silwriaht has been arrested, ebarged with ome of t The Grand Jury of the Clty Court were 3 charged after finding $06 indictments, upwards of 409 of which ere against tavern keepers, for a viol ation of the low probit.ting the sale of igor on Sanday. The fines impored in these eases are usmally from $2) to an h will covet wp in the whole number to about the informers, ead aflord- fog # fine revenue to the Stat ‘The eporting geutry bave ing courte a the city, and pors there fora month pest Lauy Sut. ow, and Pelham, @ill trot there next ~~ Barone, Jans 19, 1850, Row at the Antietam Tron Works—A Hostage for Way A New Woy te Collect Old Debt ¢ the Wind. of Lend Bultle imen of Baltimore Juriep udence— Richact Joke of the Season—Trial for Mansleughtor— Mrari sending Testimony, Ge Queue a serious. thofgh amusing outbreak, eccared Jat werk smong the bends ac the Actirtam Iron Works, near Sharpsburg in Wa that » portion of the works had been leas who became involved, and Swariwouted learing so: three oF four thousand dollars due bis workmen, Shorily afer be had disappeared, » genveman from Bosiov aecompanied by his lawyer appeated, and w. Proceeding to seize the property loft by the abseon. ing empleyer, under a mortgage for advaness when the hands, to the number of two to three han- dred. rose, under great excitement amd. wich serious threate against the parties, compelled them to det their purpose, The party about to exeoae on the proper hen retired toe house in the vicin ie mediately eattounded by the workmen ment of their wages demended or (he iio» They plead that thy y had no money, but to telegraph to Baltimore for is, Med with, and for nigh money arrived, around the honee, armed to the tert y ptevens thetr The money was finally received nad the paid, and the party were allowed to execute their legal process man named William Stemberg w: . on the charge of obtaining tr of $1,000, under quite a novel process that the parties were the former bailing from sara ter from the interior of New York. 8 e It appears oth stopping at Lioyd’s Hotel, having We give a few of the salient points of the | oO os dee on notes for priating Paper was $37, Denmark ¢ Col. Rabies Ree are the Americar ‘urkey ; Rev, Mr. f Bomba Rev. Mr. Baldwin, of the Sandwich Latvade. The number of new Colportears commissioned since nd inciting theological etudents for their a has been ninety-one. The number acres of land, r was divided into twenty-four sold to Christie one share and @ quar! which $2,000 was to be paid in cash, he had Stemberg arrested, and he was las ning committed to jail for further examination I noticed, » day ortwo since, that the Graad Jury had jound a tree bill against a man named Haak Hollitt, for the murder of a colored man named Robert ber, who was cruelly beaten in the street s tew “since from the effects of which he is ‘The Mayor also offered mitted for trial ace Yesterday morni however, the supporrd dead man, having seen the vertisement of the Mayor in the papers, offering a re ward for his murderer. presented himseltin court, with some marks of very rough treatment. but otherwiae im & good-bodily condition. The official fanctiouaries who bad thus bee: baving the coro on, looked che Gardiner, of Humpbire. the first mate, for ug! 7 ig the death of David Thomp- son, the colored cook. on board of his vexsel, was com- mieneed yestergay, Twoof the crew were examined, oud if their testimony should not be rebutted, it is one of the most hornd tales of the sea that has ever been brought to light. It appears that the cook was beaten severely on the first day out by the mate, under the orders of the captain, and on complaining of being sick was again beaten. and compelled to eat the greater portion of @ bucket of potato parings and offal on the morning of his death—the mate and captain standiag over and beating kim with a heavy rope to compel to proceed He finally fell insensibie and hauled by the mate into the galley, and was there found Dy oneot the crew about an hour after, pert with pieces of r: potatoe pari outh, The de of the testimony, wi +f the man for mercy whilst undergol re represented as most heart rending. The case Foceed to-day. Ou. Alabama Correspondence, Benton, (Lowndes Co..) Ala, June 10, 1840, The Difficulties between the North and South—The Cotten Crop of Alabama. ‘ It appears more than likely that Congress will rise without any settlement of the unhappy differences which exist between the North and South—delays are proverbially dangerous, in this regard peculiarly 80. The writer of this is no politician; he loves his country in its broad extent, and a patriotic fwling prompts bim in this feeble manner to. or to ar. rest the atteution of the calm and prudent thinkers of the North, and to ask their deliberate answer to these momentous questions :— Are you prepared for a disselution of the compact which has so happily and prosperously bound us togo- ther as brethren and freemen, to encounter the risks of severance and the envenomed feelings of estranged friends—to accept in the place of existing peace ngth and prosperity, bloodshed, weakness and And are these calamities to result trom the g8 of heartless fanatics, who even already raise im your midst their puny arms in blasphemous ravings st dece ney ana xigh beaven; and infamous party backs who, forgetting tue ob! ion that binds them by rolemm oaths to support the constitut: wo! sell their couutry and their souls for the spoils of office, or the breath of popular applause ? If youanswer in the nugative, theu be no longer inae- tive or silent; be no looger deceived when assured that there is no danger; let not the lying tales thas are borne to you in the political papers the Jouck deceive you; they are upder the cuntrol of Nortuera, and not of Soucbera feelings. The South are beginaiag to mark those organs, and their faise and traiterous ec nductor: eadily imereasing that tae North fe mus juarantied by the coa- stitutivn ; Our people have been, so far, trusting te r good tatband s nse of right and wrong; ‘n quiet but observant lookers on. Doo iow will be no more for ever.” The South only asks to be left slone—the wirhes no new compromises (and should accept none) to be used ouly as the basis of fu> ture encroachments— she is willing to abide, in good taith, by those already yielded by her geuveovity to her own injury, Are you willing to ord her justice t— 1 40, let it be known—for the crisis fa at haaé, back to which post \y will look, and admire the victory of prudence ood faith over fauaticiom anu the e of power. or another instance occurs, of whiek it will © written, © quem Deus vuit perdere prius dementst.”” ‘The crop of the present reason is in no reapect more promising than the last. The spring has been wet and cold from its commencement till the Ist of June. Tae month of May, uevally warm and di tained tcarerly a day fee from heavy beating ing binsts. From these causes, the seods vegetated badly, the plant came up upheaithy, and has been dying oud dwindling to the present tine, Toa days of hot. dry weather has at law mulated its growth and given it « healthy look. It, however, is a month be- Lind its usual stage on uplands, and the civer bottoms ire generally drowned ous. Fine at Miewa: —A few minutes before 1 o'clock Dg © broke out to the saleratus factory of B.D Holton. in the rear ot Nos. 3 and 6 Spring street. The building was of wood. and the flames epread vo rapidly. tbat before the firemem could ae Tange their ous to play upon the clement. it was evtirely devtroyed. and the fire communicated to seve- ral oy nee 08 joltom in stock and building will amount to $1,500 of on which there was s insurance. No 6 operant occupied by Mr burned tot row Piankivton & Dur Thomes KR. Reduis Belden ts uy kno iden as tho’ Home ealoun’ was also stores No. 3 occupiod by ‘ocery store. aud No 1 ket. The r Taneo Company iblding ws of the 4th Ward, and wan insured $500 ehents’ Mutua! Insurance Company of this city. The of Plavkinton & Durbin is estimated at about . on which there way no insurance. The building owned by IL 8. Burton, and insur dfor $200, The lore of Roddis is unknown, Woe understand that it is fully covered by an ineurance of $250 in Zina Ineu- pany building owned by John PI d $400 in the Milwaake ‘The fire « rane ‘al piles of lam- which were oon- w — Milwaukee Heane at Tue Grea Revers —A cor. Philadelphia Ioguiver, of the 18th 1m Sao Dieg>, Mexico, ander date of ‘There bas been a terrible aifsir ab tla Some Ainerioans stooped there he, over the Rio Colorado, Om party of four or Ove bandred in daylight. about noon, killed elew Three uly taade their wesage, aud came into There had been fiftoon or twenty thoursud Sonoreaus and others, who had beon erossing the river during the last three months, and the company had nearly seventy thousand dotlare, The Indians carried off the money and provisioas, and burned the houses. There had be: ‘tories of the em- tortion. &e., of the Americans at the ferry; whether founded oF not ¥. Since this ailatr, we © themael res to be ab at innocent emigrants may jong tos wicked aud faithless ‘We bad some difeulty with them ou our jor Monnen or Aw retpondent of thet... writing April 20th. the mouth of tribe bey Inst year, bot nothing more serious happened them he loss of some of our cattle, which they stole end rove off. Tre Ovens Exronation te Catsronsra. —A cor. ae well at cam be ae- fry aod tro bane ngous. have paceed this place for the Last year at this i . mo ate present that smn igra' that of last. Should timate prove correct. over 60.000 pore nd wegons will cross, of rather attempt to eto mines. his sppearsace. All this year will be do ene b ‘8, from Lowa, A mon was brought tm to-day with one of his lege bre Major Sanderson, the oMerr in commvod, renders every assistance to the emigrants that ties im power, co that all, unless thei Lomerous, go on their wry rejoicing A Wetter dated Fort K € four the t and teams aly Ubree thom and bebin: Amenican Tract Society —At the mee! the Executive Commiitee on Monday ety ghd thet the receipts for the month had been >; ATeuts for the same period 1,876,495 pages; ieswes for the depository $15,107; and the araoaat ters requesting cid in various departments of for~ ego printing operations were read from the Secre- tery of the General Baptist Missionary Socie: Logland ; the Hon. Peter Browne, Capenbatest Tronchin of Geneva, Switzerland; Mission in sods. The end eeveral for the freien coigreeny, inted and issued dally, averages more he circulation of is 1€4,000 monthly, eveeeding by nearly one half the circulation of any other periodical in this counury or in Europe. An edition in the German is also issued, numbering shout 12,000 copies. Springs. aod the Ist. | ente jteomberg Such ‘eas this society prosecutes deserves steady ‘and liberal support.