The New York Herald Newspaper, June 20, 1850, Page 1

MORNING EDITION THE NEW YORK HERALD. ---THURSDAY, JUNE 20, 1850. TWO CENTS. =f has syollen into unanimity throughout all the T eholding States, and the sections of the Union eee EA mee Soak other in a collision, You e waited until the constitution of the United States has ADDRESS | been virtually sbolished—or, what ie worse, ts ont | what the majority in Congress think preper to make it, That great principle on which our system of free government rests—of so dividing the powers of govern- Went that, toa common government, only those should be granted which murq affect all thi cemporing it equally in their operatio: powers over all interests, locul er sectional reserved to local or sectional gerernmenta— is uprooted from the constitution. Local and sectional interests beorb the time and business of Congress, and thus a sections! despotiem—totally irresponsible to the people of the South—eonstituted of the representatives in Congress from th eholding States—ignorant of our fevlinge, condition, and institutions—reigns at Wash- ington. These are the fruits of your past torbearance To THE Weople of Maryland, Virginia, North Caro- , Georgia, Florida, Frupow-Cirizexa:—In obedience to the sommands of “those we represent, we have a-sem bled together to con- ‘fer with each other concerning your relacion with the General Government aud the vonslaveholding States of the Union, on the subject of the institution of la. We deem it proper to lay before you as brief ject wil! permit. the result of our ‘Jeliberae | ud rubmiseion, uneils. f we look into the nature of things. such results that your condition may be understood. and | W'll not seem to be either new or strange. There the conclusions at which wo have arrived be justly ap- | PUt one condition in which one people can be safe reciated, it is necessary briefly to refer to a few past ULder the dominion of anether people, sud that is nsactions, | when their interests ayo entirely identical. ‘Then the Itis now sixteen years since the institution of | dominant cannot oppress the subject people without ‘very in the South began to be agitatod in Congress, | OPPresting themeclyes. The identity of interest be- ‘and assailed by our sister States, Up te that time. the | ‘Wen them is the security of right government. But, eople of the Northern States seem to have respected #8 this identity can scarcely ever exist between any the Tights reserved to the Southern States by the eon- _t¥o peeple, history bears but one tertimon; stitution, and to have acted under the couviction that | fate cf a subject people. They have always been com- the subject of s! . being beyond the legislation of Ptlled to minister to the prosperity and aggrandize- Congress, all agitation with resjcet to it, on the part of Ment of their masters, If this bas always been the “Congres: equally forbidden by the coustitution, ¢#8¢ Under the ordinary difference of interests and But, at this time, a portion ot the people of the North be- feelings which exists between States, how much more n'to assail in Congress the institution of slavery, and, CfTtsinly must. the experience of history bo re- | accomplish their object of dragging it into the vortex flized between the people of the Northern and they ttaimed the rightot pe: Seuthern States, Here is @ difference of climate and bate As Productions throughout a territory stretching alon lation, it was | the whole belt of the temperate zone, affecting ae © body must Purruits and characters of tho people inhabiting But the great difference he one great difference the greatest which can ext among 8 people—is the insti- ution of slavery. ‘This alone sets apart the Southerm States as «peculiar people, with who independence, as to their internal policy, is the condition of their exist- ence. They must rule themselves or perish, Every | colcny in ibe world, where African slavery existed, with ene exception, has been destroyed; aud if this has been the case under the eld and effete governments of Europe, will it not prevail under the dominion of the restless people of the Northern States? They do not be limited by its powers of legisiacion. have a right to ask of another to do that which he bas No ons can ‘no moral or legal right to do, Nor can any tribunal have the power to receive aud consider any matter be- | yond its jurisdiction The claim, therefore, to preseab Petitions to Congress.on the subject of slavery, was ‘considered by the Southo n representatives generally, an an attempt indirectly to assume jurisdiction over the subject it elf. in «ll parts ofthe Union. The object, withont disguise, was the overthrow of rlavery in the tes, but our assailants framed the petitions pre- ‘wtnted chiefly against slavery in the District of Colum- Practically recognise the inferiority of the Airican to Dia and our Territories, and against what they call tho . he Caucasianrace. They do not realize, beeanse the ‘internal slave tredc—that is, the transmission of | @%¢umstances of their condition do not compel them slaves from one Southern State to another, Conscious £0 Fralize, the impossibility of an amalgamation be- tween the races. Exempt from the institution of sla- very, it is not surprising that their sympathies should be against us, whilst the dogma on which they profess to build their system of free government—the abso- lute rule of the msjority—leaves no barrier to their poner in the affairs of the general goveramont, and wads them to ite conrelidation, Re ligion, too, false or real, fires their enthusiasm against an iustitution which many of its professors believe to be inconsistent with its principles and precepts. To expect forbear- ave from such a people, under euch circumstances, toward the institution of slavery. is manifestly vai | If they have been falre to the compact made with us the constitution, and have allowed passion and Breju; that of the fatal tendency ofthe agitation of slavery in Jon- gtess. te destroy the peace and stability of the Union, n effort was made, supported by a large portion of the Northern representatives to suppress it by a rule in the House of Representatives, which provided that all ‘PMitions on the subject of slavery should be neither considered, printed. nor referred. This rule was as- aniled by the people of the Northern States, as violas ting that clause of the constitution which pro! ‘Congress from passing laws to prevent the people bly assembling and petitioning fer a jevances. In December. 1841, this rule foll before the almost unanimous voice of the North; and thus the dnlimited power of introducing and iudaatnar thks cadens: 4k catert: te Ge 4 dice to master reason, they have only exempliific Steerted. En the menutime. the couree of the North, | #rsilty and fallibility of our nature. whieh bas pro. fern people showed clearly that the agitation of duced the necessity of all goveruments, aud which, if unebecked, ever produces wrong. The institution of slavery having once entered the popular mind of the non-siaveholding States, for action ard control, the rest is inevitable, If unrestrained by us, they will go | on, until African slavery will be swept from the broad | and fertile South. Thé nature of things, therefore, independent of experience, teaches us that there can | be no eafety in submission. slavery in Congress was only one of the means they relied on to overthrow this institution throughout the Union. Newspapers were set wp amongst them, and lecturers were hired to go abroad to exite them against gavery in the Southern States Organizstions were forme: vos from the South. and to pre= from recapture. Although the ‘os, like fugitives from justice. should be rendered up by the States to | To submit to evils, however great, whilst they are which they may have fled. the Legislatures of almost endurable, is the disposition of every people—espe- STery Northern Siate. faithless to this treaty stipula- cially of an agricultural people, living apart, aud hay- passed laws design: ted ent rely to defeat this provision of the cousti- ction, without which the Union would have nover ing no asrocialion in their pursuits, But the respon- sibility of preserving a free erpment rests with all its members, whatever may ! their pureuits, aud not existed, and by thew laws virtually nullified the act | alcne with those who have the power or will to destroy $f 1794. passed by Congress to aid its entorcement.— | it. A minority, by eubmivsion, may as much betray No! content with the agitation of slavery in political | the constitution as a majority, by aggression. The circles, the Northern peojle forced it also into the reli. gious ass o'ations throughout the Union, and produced const tution does not protect smajority, for they have ail the powers of the government in their own hand: | and ean protect themselves. The limitations of a con. | siitution are designed to protect the minority—those slavery in the Southern States, was. that it beeame the who ba pow it! Henee, grand topic of interest and discussion in Congress and the great motive and duty of self-protection is peculiar ‘Out of Oot ndone of the most importaut ele- , tos mizority, independent of that faith to the consti- m tation, | tution, which th was | They : aod, instead of tutte ‘that protection which is the great object of all govera- | ments, and which the constitution of the United States ranties to all the States and their institutions, the opinion of the world is in conformity with these views, Rorthern States, ‘and Congress under their o 1, ‘The oppressor is hated, but the unresistingly oppressed combined together to arsailand destroy slavery in the is despised. More respect follows the tyrant then the Bouth. The Southern States did nothing to vindicate | flave who submits to his power. The Southern States, their rights end arrest this course of thin) therefore, although » minority, are not exempt from Mexican war broke out; and, instead of that patriotio the responsibility of preserving the constitatiou, and, o-cperation of all sections of the Union. which would _ in preserving it, to protect themselves. hw % ve taken place in the better days of vhe republic, to n what way shall they preserve the constitution Dring it to a just and he norable conclusion. in the very | and protect themselves? first appropriation bill to ry itou, the Northendes- | As a general rule, it is undoubtedly true that when, yored to thr st the subject of slavery. Throughout in ® government like ours, a constitution is vi ‘the war, they kept up the agitat! mth arly ma- by a majority—who alone can violate it in matters of ifesting their determination that the general govern- Irgisiation—it cannot be restored to its integrity through the ordinary m: of the government, fo © these nu ans being vader the control ef the majority are not available to the minority. It is for thisreason that frequent elections of our rulers take place in our mm of free govervment, in order that the people, | ie direct Intervention, may change the major ity, | But this resource cannot avall us in the violations of | | ment. im none of its operations, internal or external, shall be exempted from the introduction of this d: rous subj ‘The war ciered with honor, and mense territory was added to the United State: ‘Their previous threats were realized; and the non-slevebolding States immediately claimed the tight to exclude the prople of the Southera Biates from all the territory acquited, and to propriate it to themselves, Iv this pretension arose from a mere lust of power. it would be hard to bear the superiority and mastery it implies. It would degrade the Southern States from being thy ‘equals of the Northern Statrs to a position of cvlonial inferiority, But when your exclusion is not from & mere lust of power, but is only a farther step in the aa of things. tthe abolition of slavery the States, by the extension and multiplication of nor- laveholding Statetin the Union. the pretension is geen to be as alarming as it is foulting The Southern States, in their legislatures, sot forth with great nimity the rights in our terrivories belonging t> them in common with the Northern States, and declared ‘their determination to maintain them ; ant fioding in the Northern Etates no disposition to abate their de- amanda, the convention in which we are assembled hes t together to take Gouneel as to the course the Bouthern States should pu for the mainte- ot the constitution, which now press and harrnss the South. By changing their representatives, how can the people of the South affect the majority in Con- grees. and restore the Constitution? Their represen- tatives are true ; and have done all that men cam do to preserve the ‘constitution from the aggressions of the majority, Removing them and putting other re- | prerentatives in Congres, could have no effect in re- storing the Constitution. It has been broken by the representatives of the peopie of the Northern States, who sustain them in their viclations of the constit: tion. Tt is clear that the ballot-box in the South powrrless for Its protection, And the samo causes which induced the violations of the constitution by the Northern majority, prevent its restoration to its in- tegrity. Throughout the Northern States, there has been bo indication of any change in their policy. On the ecntrary, the majority against the Sonth ia greater in the present Congress than in the last, fullowiag th @ urwal courre of every successive election for y of thetr rights, libert, nor. Nor have ¢ action of the Sta } h isa brief bi atement of past trans- of a returning sence of justice to us, or of d they force u the question, in what constitution. eral of them, lest falso infe- Yl jonthern States? A as to their porition. have taken | State, with-s constitution excludin; | be admitted by the non-slaveho | Union. The effect will be, that the bill, if you confine will ° ° is thele condition in Congress? The tim in the most offensi ely to reitera your representatives in Congress were neither rmer declarations agali | they endure repr: your be- Senator, representing one of them, | for many years past, th: heard you, of the Union, has ventured to adro- | ts, bableuslly reviled by the most opprobri- of justice to the South, he has been rebuked by the legitlature of the § and vietwally denounced for bi ty to the con- | stitution. bis resource, © the ordinary | operations ofthe constitution, isef no avail. And how | is it with the present Congress, the oly other source of redress in the urual admivistration of thets, on account of the institation of slavery tate he represents, r spirits are yet unbroken. they must be chilled ‘ons epi If thet by 8 sense of humiliation at the insults they daily re- esive an your representatives. You sre arraigned as crim) Slavery is dragged into every debate, and Com bas become littlerice than a grand instrumeat the constita- | in the hands of abolitionists to degrade and ruin the tion? Kcr six months it bas been in session, South. Instead of peace and proteation, aggression during this whole period of time, slavery has bee! | dinsult on the South characterise its proceedings absorbing topic divcussion and agitation. fis. And what is your cond thing bas been done to heal the disc your sister 8 spect to ; and comity which (due from all nations toward each justly exist in the 8 tution. All bay jons cf our institutions, received been bitter denua- | other) is more expecially due from States bound to- »; y members of Con- | gether in @ confederacy, and which was once dis- gress, and threats to coerce us into submission. Al- | played in all their fotercourse, Instead of respect and though nething has been done, has been made | sympathy, denunciation and hostility on account of in the Senate by a committee of thirteen members, | ous institution of slavery, have for years past chartc- which is now pending in that body; and, as the | Zoriad the communicntions addressed to'you by the meecuresit s have been preveed upon the South prop Northern States. And what is your condition 11 the as worthy of her acceptanoe, we deem It Union! The non-siaveholding States stand combined, before you a briet cones proper to lay ration of the matters it eon- only to wrest from you your com: on property. bub tains, | pon your front the bra infertority. T re} embraces four distinet measures % to extend, om account of your the edmission of California Stat her censtitution ‘8 to be erected over agency, be ‘worst feature of a lower deep. very effect has a ‘and the spirit of fanaticism brooks no delay in the progress it creates. If you were to yield every- thing the North now requires—abolish slavery in the District of Columbia—submit to be legislated pirat for conveying slaves from one State to another—) trinls by jury and writ of habeas corpus wrest from N *. every fugitive slave—give hern arrogance and there? There ai for the reenpture of fugitive sl holding States, To understand w are consistent with our rights, and worty of our ae- ceptance. each cf em must be considered separately. # Scuth is excluded by the bill from the whole of that part of California lying on the Pacific, including one hundred and fifty thousand eqaare miles of terrl- tory; and, if this is done by th of C the mode in wh California. bel h it ie done is ot predominance ‘ail meane aiming at one great ty in the Btater, Surrendering « inflame the power by which au when all are conquered, be arrested? In fifiy years, twonty holding States may be addel to the which are now rlaveholding may Decome non-rlaveholding States. Then there wii) be no need as now openly to put aside the constitution ‘to reach their object.” If they will deign to do it, the non-#areholding States will then have the power, by two-thirds in Congress and three-fourths of the Sta to amend the constitution, and then have its express eenction to consummate their policy. Your condition im progressive. all action hether from the ld government over it, is of no validity, They constitute » poople in no proper senge of the term; but are citizens of ¢ When, there- wed to carry out and confirm the als, erecting California into la therefrom, it is the same vd originally without the intervention o lusion of acts of these indiy’ Plate, and exelnd! act of Congress. titution of © and the Wil vito passed on Here, then, is t " ory act of Congress, which almost every Southern State in act of Congress, he Wilmot pro- jon of Congress. by the ast transactions we have narrated. fon in the Union, they teach ley of nor tion and mbmission to oggrestion canne peace and safet ‘When the doors of Congress were thrown open the Union has declared she would not submit to, agitation on the subject of slavery, if the Sow! Plainly and practically enforced by thie bill. A free States had moved with energy to avert a state of people cannot be satisied with the mv in which wer things unconstitutional in itweit, and surely tending are deprived of their rights. A sove State will cto bring the slaveholding and non-slavcholding States dirdain to inquire in what manner she is stripped of into collision, although late, it might not have been her degraded from an equality with her too Inte to stop subsequent encroachments upon oar sister States, It js enough that the outrage is done, wight, But the Southern States were passive; and The mode is ofjittie consequence. There is, therefore, vtheir forbearance has had the effect of In«piring the in the mode of e: ding the Wilmot proviso over the Northern jo with the belief, either that we value — terri of Calfornin. presented by tho bill, nothing to aunion w om more than we value the inetitu- mitigate the in of the Southern States, or to «tion of slaver; that we dare not more from a co belle their to redress the wrong, if ine soleus inability (10 “ge You have w by 4 oi unty are excluded from the wine territory yo stood J ‘nin—a territory extensive enough to con' Gereuders of oe meas in = Northera Nes ih. Btates, Btates, in their efforts you from the agitations constitution propored by California contained of slavery in Congress, eaaogy politically soniht- noth abowt Haverh, poste wee North allow her to dated, or bave turned sour foes. You have tamely se- oi: terthe Union’ Such were the territorial Dille pro quieseed, until to nate and ite the Bouth has for California at, os Jerk Conarese, but they re- become high passport to and in the them. because the South was. excluded Union. You have stood whilet year | this territory in expross The inhabitouts of after year the volume of slavery snd oye, | this territory have beea any civ govern: wi | | ttle to enforce them. The bill ment, solely béeanse the South would not consent to be legiriated out of them with her institutions; and, now that this object is accomplished by the coustitu- tiom presented by California, these conservatives— these advocates of law and order—are eager to adinit her, witheut right or precedent, into the Union are of the inconveniences the inhabitants of © suffered for want of a civil go- vernment by Congress. aud, therefore, aro prepared to yield much on account of the circum- stances in w been placed. In the reso- lutions we ipted, and submit for your appro- bation, you will perceive that we recommend you to | assent to the admission of California asa Btate, on certain conditions The next measure is in first feature of the report, It takes from Texas terri- tory sufficient for two large States, and adds them to New Mexico, What the bill contains with respect to slavery will be of little consequence; for it is designed that next winter New Mexico, thus constituted, shall follow the example of California, and be admitted as a slavery from ite limite; for without such exclusion she cannot hope to Iding States into the t territory, over which slavery now exists. equal to two States, will be wrested from the South, and will be given up to the non-slave- ject keeping with this | holding States. The pretext is, that there is some | doubt as to the boundaries of Texas. astotho | Texas, by her laws, when she was admitted isto the Union, had but one boundary towards the West. and that boundary was the RioGrande. Congress, in the resolutions admit- ting her into the Union,recognized this boundary by lay- ing down a line of limitation between the slaveholding and non-slaveholding States, (being the Missouri com- promise line of 86 deg. 30 min. parallel of north lati- tude.) through that very part of her territory, her right to which is now questioned. Her boundary of the Rio Grande to its source nd was thus recognised ef annexation y *#a member of the Union, the Mexican war p and in the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, it was finally vindicated and settled, by a clause in the treaty, designating the Kio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and the United States, Thus, by the laws of Texas, by the legislation of Congress, and by a solemn treaty of the United States, the Rio Grande is the western boundary of Texas. Yet the pretension is set up that her territory does not extend to within three hundred miles of the Missouri compromiee line, where Copgrers, in receiving her into the Union, deter- mined that territory should be divided between the slaveholding and non-siaveholding States. Texas ‘Ys the only State in the Union which has the solema guarantee of the government of the United States every porrible form to her boundaries, Yet this is the government which disputes them; and, under the pretext that they are very doubtful, proposes to take trom her nearly one-belf of her territory. It is by vir- tue of such pretensions that, by the bili, two States are to be taken from the Southern aud given to the North- exp States; and this wrong is, aggravated by compel- lihg us to pay for it, through the Troasury of the United States. It is undoubtedly proper that Texas should be qui- sted. es to her boundaries; but she should be quieted by Plainly acknowledging them. Ii, after her boundaries are ‘settled, the General Go- vernment, to ci out the purposes of the coi stitution, or in faith to fuldl aif the obligations t Union requires, should think proper to purchase any territory from Texas, the arrengement may be unohjectionadle. But any arrangement, concerning her territories, which leaves a shade of doubt as to the right of the people of the South to enter any portion of the territory. which, according to the terms of annexation, are now free to them, neither Texas wor the General Government ha apy right to make. The terms of annexation constita’ the compact of Union between Texas and the other States cf the confederacy—and this compact secures irrevocably to the people of the slavoholding States the right of entering with their property ail her territory lying south of 86 deg. 30 min. north latitude—whilst from all her territory lying north of that line they aro excluded, The bill in the Senate makes no provision for carrying out these terms of the compact, but leaves in doubt the right of the Southern people throughout all the territory proposed to be purebased, whilst many who support the bill declare that, in effect, it exclades entirely the people of the Southern States trom ail the territory purchased. bill can bring to the people of the Southern States, on entering it, will be contention, harrasament and liti- The least evil. therefore, the a very inadequate conception of erritory taken from ‘Texas by your views to Texas. if you United States, you will por- ¥en aFughoue Hes whole extent along the look at the map of t et if TxOR. wy we —_ frontier ot the Indian territory. This is no as holding country, and must be considered as @ extef the South. Place along their whole western rye by m-slavehclding Btates. and how lon will the Indians be able to maintaia the institution of slavery? If the agency of Congress is not used to ° abolish slavery in the Indian territory, thia end can Le ensily accomplished by the very means now in operation againret slavery in the Southern States, which ¢ Indian will bave but little powerto resist. The eifeet will be, that the Indian territory, large enough for two more States, will be controlled by the no slaveholding States.” Thus, by these two points in the report, the South wili lose four large States in Ualifor- nis, twoin Texas.and two in the Imdian territory. Nor isthisell, The not fi brovght to the weste: Arkansas slong their T her whole norther: and western frontier. ‘Thus, the Scuthern States will be hemmed in by the pon-slaveholding States, on their whole western border poliey which they have declared essential to the end of abolishing slavery in the Southern Steies, What | ean compensate the South for such an enormous wrong and #poliation? But this is pot the end of yonr concessions by this report, We must not only yield to the interests, but to the prejudices cf the Northern people. Slavery existed in “the Dirtriet of Columbia when Congress accepted the cession of the territory composing it, frem the States of Maryland and Virginia. No on can suppose that Maryland and Virginia, siavebol Ing States thon and eholding States now, could have designed to give ‘any power over the inetitution of slavery in this territory. Independ the wrong to the people of the Distriet, to etheir slaves, it would be an intolerable evil to aves district between them where emancipation pre- vails by the authority of Congress, Congress, in the Dill reported as a part of the so-called compromise, now Legins the work of emancipation, by declaring that. if any slave is brought int the District for sale, he shall be “liberated and free.’ If a slave ta lib ted because he is brovght into the District, the next step to liberate him because he is in the District, ts pot aflevit. The power to emanelp: slaves in the Dirtriet of Columbia is thus Congres’, Many ct the ables! denicd that Congre 1 agreed, until ith this ineti dand Virginia, would be a gross breach of faith to- ward those States, and an outrage upon the whole feuth. How long will that facility which yields to the Prejudice against the buying and selling of Flavor, be atleto resist the greater prejudice which exists agrinat the holding of slaves at ail in the District of Colam- For all these sacrifices to the interests and preju- North, the South ts tendored extent of t n = we murt look to the rights the constitution con- rm. The framers of the constitution were parfoett avare that the general government could have bul little power to reeure to them their fogitive sla the non-slaveholding States, The whole internal po- lice of & State must be under the control of the State, and by this chie#y could be recaptured. The constitution, the m of the perty” are put on the footing of ‘0 to be delivered up by the State authe- . If these authorities do not enforce the require- ments of the constitution, and aid in the recapture and recovery of fegitive slaves, Congress can do but roviding for the co- operation of the few officers of the United States go- vernment ina State, je practically quite ineuMicient to aecomplich Ln a! What can 7 do in such a State ae Penney ¥ if Congress does hat it can do, by leg enforce the constitution, it only does its duty to the Seuth, There ean be no ion oF favor to th Fouth. in giving her only under the constitution . eed, the tion for ber has no existence, The bill then is, in the Ince, quite Inadequate to restore to us our (ugi- slaves, and. in the second ploce, gives the Sourh nothing but what rhe is entitled to, If this was all, the re would be nothing in the bill for which we should corecde anything to the North. But it is not all. Under the preteat of bestowing on us a benefit it per trates a usurpation on the reserved rights of t tates, It provides that « lave m his mi ter, by the the courts firet th between the marter and a riage in a State, «re can ite power be stayed’ It can abolich elaver, Thus a power fx aseumed inthe bill which virtually extends the jurisdiction of Congress over slavery in the States. And this ix a benefit to the South! Under a guise of a benefit, the bill is useless ae a remedy—and worre than nrcless in its usurpations. Such are the various measures which constitute this compromise. ‘We do net believe that of the politicians, and stil leas that the peop! the South who ba - prerred a willingners were re of ite orport. e fully appresi duly honer the mo- Lives of thors whe would ontore tranquillity to the country, nor shall we re in any form, those who have serleted to frame or have idedl & support to the measures, But, if our view of its provisions are correct, Instead of a © com it isa comprehen- sive scheme of emancipation; and if parted by Con- ‘will only heap new indigni| South — thes the "tenon teilag te e's fe ei States. it Taekha crouse, tees roncwea efforts tevie. dicate their ps ‘and institutions, Why the non- lave! ater a merstand, wen it be coy ing its object by indirection. If these measures, how- ever, were really & compromise, in which the South ad equal gains with the North, it would he of doubt- ful expediency fur the South to propose it. Pree times in Congress, during this controversy, the South has proposed t Missouri compromise. which has been Vhree tim peloctes by the North, Twice siz has pro- by f Halted States to determine her Instead of requiring sternly their recognition by Congress, fifteen sovereign States have consented to be carrfed into the courts of the country, and there to submit their sovereign rights in territory belongimy tothem totheir final arbitriment. Their humiliation |) did not win the respect or confidence of the North, and the proposition was twice rejected, South, im our opinion, might accept one other ecmpromise. not because it is co-extensive with our rights, but because it has been twice sanctioned by those who have gone before us. If the North offers the Missouri compromise, fo extend to the Pacitic occan, the South cannot reject it, provided a distinct recog- nition of our right io enter the territory South ot 36 deg. 30 min, north latitude. is expressed in the compro- mise, We should take this lin partition line be. tween the two sections of the Union, and, besides this, nothing but what the constitution bestows, Although the Northern States would acquire, by this compromise, three-fourths of our vacant terivory, they will have renounced the insufferable pretension ef restricting and preventing the extension of the South, whilst they should extend Leones B Having thus, fellow-citizens, laid before you a state- ment of your condition—your rightd—and@ the remedy which, under preseut cireumstemces, you should accept, we leave you for a brief space of time, Until Congress adjourns, we cannot know what It will do or will fail todo. We must therefore meet again aftor ite adjcurament, to consider the final condition in which it will leave We recomuiend to you, and exbert you to send delegates from every county and district in the Southern States, to mect us when wo again assemble. Great Water Cure Excitement. BOWNFALL OF THE OLD SYSTEMS, NATIONAL HYGEIAN AND HYDROPATIIC CoN VENTION OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, AT THE HOPE CHAPEL, IN BROADWAY. Tt in generally uadersiood that there must bs a be- ginning to everything. The water cure doctors have been aceumulating ever #mce the first introduction of this mode of curing disease from Germany into this conntny, Heretofore, these yhysicians have been act- ing “on their own hook,” but some tow of them (those that had just started and had no practice) thinking it would be more conducive to the general and indi- vidual prosperity of the system. aad’ the doctors, nrade arrangements to hold a convention in this city, for the purpore of organizing a society, adopting a constitu. | tion, and electing officers. The ewmvention was held | yesterday, commencing atten o’clocit, A. M., in the | Hope Chapel, No, 720 broadway At ten o'clock, A. M., however, there were ouly three people present; but they kept dropping im antil eleven, when there were iwenty-two persons inside, Dr. Suew rose, called the assembled physics to order, and proposed’as officers, Dr. Hamilton, of Sara- as temporary chairman, and Dr. Reuben: as se- ry—carriod, chairman, who was the largest man in the room, then took his seat, and so did the secretary, It was quite evident that the parties were all strangers to cach other, withthe exception of four or five young men of the crty, who evidently had the It is no ordinary occasion which has | menagement of the whole concern in their own hands: arsembled us together, The constitution, and the | These four or ‘ould mekea dive for avery now Union it creat 10 long dear to your hearts, are to be | face, find out his name, and then introduce him to preserved, and your liberties and your institutions | others whose names they had ascertained in like man- maintained. ner, Scme one propesed thas the Seoretury should 4 off the names of thore present. This ws a a eeiiaca Menus. read © names © presen 8 Was & poser to the Secretary. and he read the names of those who, Bowery Turatar.—The enteriainments for this u he said, had signe he call forthe meeting, and re- evening are for the benofit of Mr. Jordan, who is long | quested those who were present to auswer when thoir and tavorably known to the New York publio. The | names were called by bim. ‘Two Dr. Fosters Dr. Hough. ‘Pieors selected are “ The Lady of the Lake,” Otello.” | ton. and Dr. Nichols, answered the “Golden Parmer,” and the “Brigand Boy.” Mr. | Dr, Hevenren then read letters from Drs, Rogers, Seo- and Mrs. Wallack, whose splendid dramatio represnta- | gar, Haze, and Munde, who could not come. Dr. M. tions have mad m the greatest favorites that have | wrote that he was very glad that the water-eure dec- ever appeared on the Bowery boards, will appear inths | tors were going to forma aconvention. Le said he had Lady of the Lake.” This is ® very attractive bill, | long wanted to see them all collected “under one hat,” and will, no deubt, draw a crowded house, and he hoped they would not quarrel and make them- Broapway Tuxatiz—The new comedy of “Bx. | selves ridiculous to outsiders, tremcs” will egain be produced this evening, with the | | Then » member rose and said that he thoughtit very same excellent cast of charactors, Mrs. Abbot will ap. | desirable that tey should know each other's names, pear as Mrs, Crosby, a part which sho will fil with her and seanenet: the clerk te try to get them. usual ability, and Kate Horn will personate the _ The Sxcuerany had managed to get nearly all the character of inia Oldrich, This actress is gaining | BAmes, and he read off—Dr. Coyle, of Georgla; Dr. every day in public estimation—sho isa great favorite. | Sebieferdecker, of Willow Grove, Philadelpbia; 'D Barrett, as Mayberry, aud Perry, as Siuiley, re ‘Trail, Nichol», and Houghton, of New i ed plaudits. Another great addition to the | Bedortha,of Lebanon, N.Y.; Dr. Gl anyisMr. J.Durn. ‘The smusemvats close Y.; Dr. Shephard, of New York city ‘Thiee Cuckoos.”” ell; Dr. Hamilton, of Saratoga; Dr. Nin.o's Ganpem.—This establishment offers many ad- | HeTECY, OF New Venki Du Wiimat, Wopestals, Da Yantages (o visiters, who ind that they have the | Leven eui of the sing including ontecit . enjoy it of good air, and every other comfort, suoh 0 01 us the best refreshments the season can afford. The At this point Mr. Coleman, of the Astor House, enter- entertainments for this evening commence with the | 64,4nd asked for Dr. Kittridge, of Boston. | The Doctor operetta of the “ Ohaste Salute,” in which nearly all 2 was not there. Mr. Stetson had been there about an hour previous, qnd asked the same question, with » the exccllent company will appear, Tho selection of | fixe prenlt, beautiful ronge, a yee, whieh ‘Dr, Scuicrenvrexen, of Philadelphia, rose and asked Mies Mary Taylor, Mr. Leach, and othe: why they called themselves the Hy driatic Association ? relves sufficient to di ood house. Dr Howenron replied that the word was trom the Greek, and meant “heaving by) water.” He said there were three pathys. viz: Allopathy, Homeopathy and Hydropathy. and that the peopié mixed them all up togetber. had therefore raised 8 new word to exprees what the Society was; he said, nev mind now, we can debate all about that when two other light and amusing piccos, namely, tho * Lriah Drageon,”” with Broughain as the hero, and The Lost Letter,” in which Chippendale figures as Mr. Beau. Benton's Taxaten.—The vew comedy, by Cooper, which bas will be re as MeSoc : * by thone sterling ell. Miss Hitfert will sing Walters and M. Frederic will dance the ’ss de Zingarelli, and the orchestra will dis- play their musical abilities. in the execution of various overtures. The whole will close with a new farce, called“ Friend Waggles. Nationat Turatae —A very attractive bill is pre- sented for the the patrons of this Jar establighment—no less than four piece rming Sacrifice; the burletta of the rf ;"’ the farce of the * 3i It this be of three be appolnt- ed to pominate officers for the convention—adopted Drs. Shew, Houghton, and Bedortha were appolated the committee, They retired juto alittic back room, behind the pulpit, and were gene about half an hour; meanwhile the members were entertaining each other with convereation until the committee returned, and Dr. Shew reported himeelt as President ot the conven: tion, without blushing or fainting; Dr. Wilmot as Vice President, and Dr. Reuben, and Tom Nichols as Secre- taries. When the officers were appointed (all in a lump) Dr. Schieferdecker rose and protested against ouch pro «dings; he observed that such # mode of appointing | cers—the whole affair cut and dried among a few— t ose. too, Grahamites and Socialints vuld ma’ ¢ cOnVenNION & Kutject of ridicule; that the objec of the Asroci: thould be distinet from all isms, After « few more sensible remarks. he eat down. d swid. that if the men wore hey conld be put in was the d other ofties asthen the: prevented from voting and doing any imlachted. producing this brilliant idea. accompanied with rome remarks reflecting upon Mr. Schieferdecker, Dr. Parnem ted bimeelt in bis seat. . pecken refused to take any further ing heard such personal remarks from ® jon't know what ts are exerting themselves to nd they are well rowasded by 's Orena Hower.—The negro entertainments given at (bis popular and favorite place of amusement, continue to draw crowded houses. Christy knows how to cater well for his patrons, and hence his great suc- cree. Ouyaere.—Pierce and his band of minstrele an- nee the kame programme of entertainment for this instrumental solos, and dancing a.—The producti sive drama “Drunkard,” is di audiences to the Museum, Mr. Goodall of the drunkard {¢ s capital pleee of acting. The drama thould be reen by all those who believe that the Pr Dr. Corzm, of Georgia, then explained that Dr Barnum intended no inrwit “What is the question’ Barney found out whet i wae. and said: —*T second it.” r Barney kept ghosting about the church isles, stretching his long neck over the shoulders. of the reader of the sections, finally sat down ina pew, and put his leg over the front of it Dr. Hasitrow said that any man should be samitted ne yas of goed moral character,’ and understood ropathy | Dr Wiuasor went for admitting males or females, if they were fit to practice wt evonrita said every one admitted should wndee> nnd omy. Dr Corie, of Georgia, made some remarks, which we did not catch. Dr Toucuron, who was the defender of all the see~ tions be bad drafted, in reply to Dr. Coyle, said, “That ud I'll ride it, and you can’t eateh at Dr. Coyle said in reply te t he was opposed to saything & member, went for ad- mitting none who bad not studied Hence in a sick room—he did not e ow high they bad stood in any college. He bad practised eight yuars, and had now four doctors as students Dr. Hovcuron interruyted him with some trivial remark, Dr. Corte said, “I wish you wonld show some of the couriesy of parliamentary debate, and listen to me um- til T have made my point, and then I'll listen to you. Dr. Movcuros—I did not see any point in what you enid, Dr. Bansny. rising in great agitation—Mr. President, who has got the floor? (Laughter from all quarters ) Dr Howanron—L've got it Dr Faxxey— You have taken # vote om an amend- ment, avd there wes « tie both tim ron~ It wns lost, of course, Dr Bansey—I eny it was mot; come, try it again.— wiox —Mr, President, who has got the floort at—You have Dr. Hovcwron (who was entitled to the floor) —Thaak ou fer your courtesy, Mr. President—(and eontinass 0 read Feetion 12) Dr. Banney—TI ény, is that seconded? Bomsnovr—Yea Dr Eansey takes to bis pew again for about tem seconds. Dr. Nicwors said that all could the committeo would strike out in its place Dr. Baw Pursipeser Dr. Banner @did not catch wh ad th © being ndmitted happily settled, nd insert * v<Is that seeonded ? It has been I hope it aint. Mr. Provident, to keep rr is now on the amendment in place Dr. Movewrox— I call for the yeas and nays. Dr. Nie “Or” eovers the whole ground. Dr. Barxey—The question is now about recetving the license of any State in the Union, and then a ean- didate way come in. if he knows how to tincture water with disease, or to tincture disease with water, if the tinkess in this room say so; and here the orator sank back into his pew, exhausted for the moment, bus tremendously excited. Dr, Schieterdecker, Dr. Coyle, and Dr. Wieder, the tora of the faith, remained sitent, and p With the most profound astonishment ox- presved in their phiazes. Dr. Hoverton commenced reading over section 12, and Dr. Barney throws himself at fail length on the ch pew. Dr. Houghton finishes read= ing, and Dr. barney rives from hls reclining postare dirgusted, turns bis face to the chureh wall, and hie back to the President and company, Dr. Houghtom ots excited, says the resolution that candidates must ave studied bydropathy a year will exetudy him, and that we murt patronise the old Medical Colleges until we get one of our own Dr. Bevoxtna thinks the word “or expresses tee much, and goes in for “and.” Dr. Hawit-ron rises up, and says he goes fer edatbing none but those who have ~ good moral character stranger might have reasonably supposed, fr ¥ Hawii ping so much upon “ good m herace ter,”’ that he had his eye upon some one in the eon- vention who was eminently notorious fora bad moral character. We may be mistaken. Dr. Hl should have explained, He also raid that eandidates should be upon the rame footing as law candidates, who were al- wayr admitted to the bar“ if they had ® good moral character.” Dr, Hoventox—There is no similarity. Law prae- tice is supported by law. Weare not, State laws eam bot protect us, for we are # national society. Dr Nicnors—Law is making t progress. Modi- cine is making great progress. also; and we are at the head of medical reformers. Weare the judges ae to the qualifirations of those whe evime to ts wishing to be members. Tamas goed ajudge ot their qualides- tlone as Dr. Mott is; and you, Me. President, are as good a judge ws Profeseor Pattivon, Dr. Kav mins objected to receiving secondhand candi- We must have a college of our own; hea in New logy; De. Niche nd Dr. Houghton Pi T don't want a y Proiessorahip in 16, Fr. Kevens thougot it was unnecessary to have w college in any one building or room. He thoaght It would be better and cheaper that the Professor should give them in ps at their own houses, The ata- temptation to excessive drinking can be resisted by *every body. Crunese, Meseem.—This being posilively the Inst week of the exbibition of the Chinose Lady, those who have not as yet seen her, showld do «0. rn A Dr. Hoventow rore and said, that several had been requested to draft a constitution—that he was the ovly ene that hed complied with the request, and while he drew it out of his pocket, he mowed that # committee of three be appointed to retire and draft a | Casvix Ganoes.—This evening, Loder's exceliont | constitution. This was agreed to, and Doctors Hough- | band will display their musical allities at the rummer Redortha, and Hamilton were appointed the eom- feies given every evening, at this beautiful location, curried on the Madame Anna Bishop is giving concerts at Sa- | vapueh. Court of Geperal Sexstons. Retore the Recorder and Ald, Keily and Chapman. Juxe 18.—The evant and Batiery om Charles Devo | lin This tedious care was brought to a close yesterday, ‘The jury returned « jot of aaxwult and battery only in the case of Megan and Shaten, ig been pronounced not guilty before the opened their The whole of this it would appear, arose out of political di of the Fourth ward, factions being kno epactively as “ Democrats of the Fourth ward.” and “ Indepen- dent Democrats of the Fourth ward’’—one pariy adroeating the interest of Mr. Hall. and the other working for Mr, Mullins, both of which gentlemen were. at the rume canvass, candidates for the office of | Alderman of the ward. Mr. Devlin belonged tothe | | Hail party. and the wecused were in the interest of | Mullins, ‘The ense went to the jury at» late hour. Their verdict of © guilty of assault and battery" only was rendered after arhort absence ‘The Court ordered the prisoners to be committed till to-morrow (Wed- say) morning, when sentence will be passed upon fitted for a Democratic Society,” the committee were out, Dr and said, that he had travell put up atone of our crack hotels—spent a fe night, and this morning when he came up Broadway, | he tried to find a place where he could get pure water. | He was directed to plenty of places where Nquor was rnold, but could find no other, He coneluded that the moment he reached the convention of his hydropathie brethren, he rhould find the desired article - but not a drop waa there, and asked the President where | he could get rome pure r Presinst—* Over t! 7 at the New York Hotel.” | Dr. Banver volunteered to go with him, and they | left tegether. Another member started with the | Bhureh pitcher to get a supply for the officers. A boy entered b herry fer De Trail, who left aod was seen no jering the day ‘The water seekers retarned, and reported to t! | mecting that there was first rate water in a hydrant reund the corner. Here the committee retarned, and the chairman read the preamble and constitation | Which consisted of thirteen sections. The preamble stated (hat water was the greatest of remedial ageuts fo areirting nature. ‘The first wection related to thefname, “The Hygie- nian and Lydropathic American Association of Piaysi- nd Surgeons." third, related to oMfcers of the society of Guilty ly Hiram Mc Gory.—This person, who | as arrested some time since for stealing gold dust | and jewelry, worth over £5 000. erty of James Mi. Demarcet, at Chagres, on the arch last, has | pleaded guilty to grand larceny. The Court have not yet disposed of bis care, Junn 19.—Charge of Rape. —Two well dressed young | men, named Patrick Murray and Joseph Meeker, alina Jonas M. Foree, were put on theit defence, charged | | with baving, on the night of the 9th of May, committed | a rape on the person of Ann Stewart. The of the girl was to (he effect that she city. from Scotland, onthe 4th of M Oth of May she went out in search of ® place in which to engage asm house servant; it was quite late in the | | afternoon @fter she had been to an Intelligences | offiee down town, she went to take a walk and to look | at the town; she wandered about till she lo«t ber way, and in endeavoring to retrace her steps, she became | | completely bewildered, when, late at night she applied | to the defendants, whom she met in the street, and D gged them to direct her to Cherry street, where sister was living: instend of directing her to 0 t annually in May to be called by of membe | Ninth, s public orator and s public oration an- | nusally, Tenth, two standing committees, one on Hygient,one on Hydropathy Eleventh, a committee on credentis! Twelfth. related to qualifications of © embers, amd the f . Felated to el idates to be norary members that they should go to hi d this ® very important matter, and wished the convention to wait and act deliberately | Dr Hoventon observed iat chis society was the 4 here, they unlocked the door and in, iter forcimg her to drink « National Society. He wished the members to bear Which stopified her they both violated P that distinetly in their min: State societies would spite of her resistance Such was the testimony ofthe qeubtiers hereafter be formed al! over the Union; but ri he teelt, She said that she nv ver drank at figeces, and did not know the dif rence betw and ¢in strong brandy this was to be the fountain head, the parent of all future ; Hygelian Societion He had no doubt Hygeian Col- Atehst B. Vou Houten sworn—Testified that he was | \/Es* would scoe be erented er, and tn Palladelphia | sergeant of the firet patrol dirtriet in the First ward on . ome feetieg nm public cotetien the night of the 9th and norning of the 10th of May; a fenl Society. Dr. Moughton hoped he saw the complainant in this case, Ann Stewart, fol- would be mo treadieg on toes, end that lowing the secused. and saw \-- 2 enter th ved thore who kept wuld be considered 00 008 wrong going on, and bole. < ~ Apes cae ning renting to all the reeti The sock 7 tool np cack nothing which induced im to believe that he | sedinen adjourned until SF. M door open; he | APTRRNOON SP SSI0%. opened | - the Convention erganized about baif-past 8 o'clock. All partics inside were made prisoners and conveyed t0 | 4 teitcy wre real from Dr Laurens. They then took u ation house | fon of the constitution. Th The defence produced witnesses to show that the aitt | UPA OTs" ime eveltement as to whether two.thirie wae an inebriate, and had been, cn several occasions, | oe four.gfthe should be the sumber necessary to drunk in Cherry street. Counsel for the defence also jroved. by her own testimony on her cross-examine | Hon, that she had been a mother, but not awite, before the left hi Under ali the cirewmstances, the jary | rdict of guilty of areaolt and battery and Meeker to itution, The roll was then called, and mew be Temaining sections were all disposed of, with m ofthe twelfth, This to qualifica- tions. and reveral who had hardly ey | all. or orly afew months, were fear! dents of pathology could go to the house of Professor Homiiton, ond the students of amatomy to the house of professor Nichols, @ President, whom we could not hear Setinctay, Pore and “@ remarkable with awe the mystic ing, “let us use polie: ied something that wi than the standard shell leave you peaceably « y Nicwots—Will the ‘presideat tell as on what terms he joined this eoclety ? jtgeioknt—What T mean ts indicated in seetion at Dr. Horantos—Ityou strike out the clause in section 12th, Tit leave to, I wen't walk about ther seresta, and be regarded as an empiric, No, sir; kigher shy be our wateh-word, Excelsior is the motto of this Btate, pnd it pliould be ours too Dr. Girsson made a very reasonable and sensible ad- rere. He wad, We have no college. and hydropatay creates nothing. If we would we must tuke the woachinery in ure seme, We have no hydropathic machinery in our must usethe old aery. The hydro- lication of drugs te bemieal u tmwize hold of knowledge, in every part, and then with @ sufficient knowledge of bydropathy he can «nter our Soeiety.”* ‘The convention were now ready for the vote. The President rv ved # letler—he goes to the window — rney, who seows mightily tickied a6 romething. and abcuptiy leaves the chureh.and is seem no mor ‘The ayer aud noes ace called on the amend ment of Nichois’ to eubstitute © or" for “and” Amendment is 3. noes 9. rection is then put and adopted. The constitution 4 the next business is declared This seeme to be mittee of three appoin- The committee are ident, Dr. to be chairman of this Henry Foster, Dr. Bedertha of Lebanou, ate Other two committee. They retire to the bre and are govs ten minutes, when they return, report the following as officers of the Society for the ensuing yeu Dr. Uarney. of Now York City, President, Dr. Chas. Munde of Macs, Vice President, ley. of Obio. do Nichols, of New York City Secretary: 1, ot New York City, Treasurer. Commrrren o* Dr. shew. of New York City, (Nominated by himself, as uewal.) Dr. W. A Heim Dr. Bedortha of Lebanon. a Commurtes ov Uroren. Dr R. 8. Houghton, of New York City, Chairmams Dr. BR Kitteredge, of Masachusette, Dr. Hubert Foster 4 rorrrer ow Hronorarny. Dr. 8 0 Gleeson of York, Chairmaa, D. Coyle. ot Georala, Dr. Wilmot, of Penney! rania. } yh ed that all these officers be elected in @ it in thele $2 raed. Tb Hyde aged said to know the A B are conrersant with: of some of there M Dos Those mew 4 of the Hydropathle system, whe have studied it theoretically. aod have practised it with eminent ruc: are—who have been ite Jonerrs in this conmtey are lett in the back-grownd. he officers are ehoven from New Yorkers, who are ermparatively ucknown The system tx undoubted ed to spread over the whole Union, and wil ater-cure, or I i. the former histor, who are at the they should be shut out, The fee curred The constitution fixed it at $1 ne there were fifteen members, this would be $15, and Dr. Nicnots stated it would not pay for ti | the room for the day. Me eatd he was willing to give berally, that they Bad a hard road to hoo, Ke. lel in Ue, Poce.—An tater: | a ta Bail, came into court this morning, and plealed guilty to throwing | vitriol at the person of Fmma Bartram, on tho 27th March last, he rent of | Pareenger Brraseerne Aste t 2 o'clock, for Liver; whore names will iate head rramewir Ariasric —Thie 8p i 0 tat, 40 . Clearing the Prison—Picas of Guilty—Tenry Robin. | "Pe + omarked that, aa tho bi the 6th inst., at 16 A.M, cos, Sinope were wevuietz, im coteneg, Ue Trowse of | ah acciiin’tn New York city had tail thete oon way, | He thls pore em the Téuk 38S Sent ee Clariera Cary, No. 15 Madison street, on the 13th of would realize all the benefite of the society. they | the distance of sbout 27 m ore Mate May, and stenling @ geld watch worth $50, pleaded Chen to pay twenty dollars, and the members from | OVer 12% maileget © , ee oie Oe il gulity to grand larceny. The court accepted the plom | Sifter cities ouly one dollat Karmsonouviey Vorscn The p om and rentenced the aceured to the State priton for he Nicnore anid the country physicians had thelr | Tel, arr i thie port yt 7. three years. Andrew Robinson pleaded guilty to pel piendia nda, with rich patients, while those in | the St. Lawrence, batng Se b+ hon 3 tarcon tn stealing six shits and» Maarotctte woot | (Listy fad to dig hele cuntomers out of the alleys, | gore! sfam © PT) °% Genes ivan. im 1840, Wee fapreate a with cha Mer tu gn indletmont ir, Corts whe te the of wm extensive | strevathesed, for wa service at Duitaln, Sie * learee ; be wy German named Schambre, on the Joth «f May, he - b 5 oat ies ie ity to mu aregult. The plea was ace Rey Heat, ee Calas ith wae sent to the city prison for t intend ean Moore, Smith's companion, was tried on | pad mony oat. we was pone Charge of robbery, The jury brought in a verdict of fez “sot oa ad assault and battery, aud the court sent him stroet, now 1° penitentisry for siz mouths. street.