The New York Herald Newspaper, January 23, 1850, Page 2

under the policy and aspect of things at Washing- ton, as relates to California and the new tern- tories. The wisdom of the natio , we hope, how- ever, will prevent the disorgani ation resulting from all such extremes as tend to endanger the Union itself. Everything, therefore, looks and « ints to the disorganization of all the old partie , towards a scrub-race for the next Presidency, nd to the NEW YORK HERALD. Northwest corner of Fulton and Nassau ste JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. AMUSEMENTS THIS SVBNING, AN OPERA HOUSS, Astor Place—Lveta pi Law- . me BOWERY THEATRE, Bewory—WanpentnaJew—Cua- | election of General Taylor's successor by the Busan, sit Housetof Representatives, which is to be voted for BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Oun Heavs Ax” | by ihe people in the coming year. Youre Urase BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Bueacn or Phesise—Beniovs PaMiLy, NATIONAL TUBATRE, Chatham square—Raisixe THe Wish Frmate Gvaat—PemarePoary TaicvEs. OLY SP1C THEATRE, Brondway—O.v Hox eary -Pan- tons Nowk—~ALvGate Puwe- Loan or 4 Loren. CERISTY'3—Eru or AMERICAN MUSEUM TEANOON AND Bey sine, MELODEON - Wrirs's Sexevapens. New York, Wear Tue Custom House, aNo THE MeRcHaNTs.— Messrs. Meredith and Maxwell are raising a per- fect tempest among our mercantile community. ‘The new circular of the Secretary of the Treasury, which looked so well on a cursory perusal, has, it seems, been carried into effect at the Custom House, in such # way as to multiply difficulties, complicate all operations, and even increase the tariff, without an act of Congress authorizing such | a proceeding. The storm will undoubtedly reach | the Senate chamber, and no one can tell what ef- fect such operations may have on many of those names that are now trembling between life aad death in the recesses of that body. No two men ever entered public office with and upon that question, as connected with the new | more virgin popularity naturally around them, than territories, embracing his views upon California | did Messrs. Meredith and Maxwell—the oae the and New Mexico. message is written with | Secretary of the Treasury at Washington, and the great calmness and contentment. It is simple in | other the Collector of the port of New York. language, clear in expression, without unnecessary | They were not politicians; but unfortunately they fuss or affectation of magnik Although | are iawyers, and nothing but lawyers. Hence the its tone aud language may more am- | difficulties which they have caused to the commer- bitious than that of the annual m t th | cial community, by their want of that business is nothing 1n it beyond that de of firmaess and | spirit which simplifies forms, reaches its purpose in nerve which was to be ex | the readiest way, and smoothes all difficulties in as the present the transaction of business between the govern- mestic history of the | ment and the mercantile community. The general One very interes’ sature of | sweep of the old officers in the Custom House, here the m is ub coinei- | and elsewhere, has undoubtedly contributed to di- dence upon the slavery question, with the | minish the revenue, multiply difficulties, and heretofore adopted by G al C and pat caused the issuing of so many of those circulars by him when a cendidate for lency. | that have emanated, one after the other, from the Another very gular coiacidence, 0, is, that | department at Washington. General T he succe Presidency at the last elect Ns Miner rca. @ Pravonsamons, Ar= sday, January 23, 1850, General Paylor’ ge upon California and the Slavery Question. We have at length received officially the views of the President upon the subject of anti-slavery, | littl i em t such a crisis | forth in the do- tof an a Se rst exuct view zl candidate for the But the expense of collecting the revenue had to », Should present his | be diminished. And how was that to be done? Views upon this important question, to the House | ot Representatives at one end of the Capitol, whue | idle, competent, and improper persoas in the em- Generel Case, his antagonist in the same election, | ploy of the government—such persons as are unne- end defeated in that contest, should, « » other | cessery and useless appendages to this departmen. end of the Cepito!, viz.:—in the = In this city, Mr. Maxwell, the Collector, has, we be delivering his views on the same stioas, | believe, instead of diminishing the expenses of the on the same day, and almost in the same | government, pursued a policy calculated to increase strain as his more successful rival. The | them, by substituting 1gnorant persons for compe- position, policy, and principles thus presented | tent officers, thus increasing in every way the dilhi- to both houses at one and the same _| cuities and perplexities of his department and that time, will command a great deal of attention | arm of the government. A number of siuecurists througheut the country, and -particularly among | have been quartered on the goverament in this col- the anti-slavery factions in the North, as well | lection distriet, many of whom are connected with asthe ultra parties of the South. According to | the party journals, and some of whom are idling his developements, the Presideat and his adminis- | away their time at the expense of the government, tration are clearly in favor of admitting California | lobbying at Washington for other purposes than ag a State into the Union, atonce, with such views | those for which they were appointed. Another vpon involuntary servitude, or slavery, as the peo- | mode by which the expenses have been increased, of that territory may settle in their owa consti- | is throwing away the advertising of the department The President also declares his belief that | on various journals having little or no circalatioa, 8 ought to abstain from legislation in or. | thus wasting the funds of the department without Cong’ geniziog the new territories as territorial go- | any benefit to the government or the revenue. vernments, until such a time as they can On the whole, we believe that the Treasury De. count population enough to enable them to | partment, and the principal officers of collection form a State constitution for themselves, and then ask for admission into the Union. Under this policy, it is thought by many thatthe | moment. Complaints are pouring in from all quar- President would veto any mere territorial bill for | ters; the merchants are grumbling in every direction; New Mexico, should the Wilmot proviso be at- | and those at the head of affairs, instead of listening tached to it. Now, it happens to be well known, | to those complaints, seem only to be bent oa devis- or, at least, understood, that had General Cass | ing new difficulties, new perplexitieg, and more ua- been elected to the Presidency, he would have ta- | just and illegal proceedings. len nearly the same grou arsued the same aR BEET policy. We the are presented with the singular spectacle of the two leaders of the two | ceive that Mr. Wa'st, the Paricr great parties of the J, under the | of one of our cotemporaries, states that La Presse, compromuse ot the constitution and by a regard for | the leading journal in the cepital of France, in all the mtegrity of the Union, to take almost t ame and the connected wath it, have never been in such a disor- to dered and dilapidated condition as they are at this nove.—We per Tue New York Henan in ore Union compe authority the New York Herald and its corres- ground in pract same views of public P . Pp the only practical and sound action by | pondents. Whether this statement is meant by which to bring tue great country out of the diffi- | the Parisian correspondent asa compliment to us, or not, we can’t answer; but it is a well known fact that the New York /ferald 1a the only Ameri- extensive and miscella- culty in which it has been involved by the ultra views of all sections. But the inquiry arises, what will be the resul, | cam journal that has an, Paylor, and | neous circulation in rope and throughout the adopt his | ¢ivihzed-world. We have known, for many years, b that the | that the leading journals of London and Panis, al- of General Tay- | though they receive American journals, both whig racti- | and locofoco, from this country, never place any by | confidence in their statements, exaggerations of ‘outhern ultras, and | facts, or opmions, but generally adopt the cal philosophical, temperate and comprehensive views given to them through the columns of our journal. of the pelicy recommended by Gene how far will boch parties in ¢ 2 It is evident, at the f tive vie views moderate and consery lor—which we conceive to be the cally, #s those disclosed by General Cass—wil no means satisfy many of th e certain they will cre tional excitement and ot the Nort tion remains open byt vpon all the admivistration nothing but addi- we he ant- | | | j slavery faction long as the ques- rstponemeat of le, ; ' disputed points, Poseibly, | fer the unprejudiced and unflinching statemeats, is in a minority in both | comprehensive and easily uaderstood, which are lotion the houses, the opposition in Congress, counting | given im our columns, explaining all public affairs 4a majority of either branch, may be able to | on this side of the water. paes a territorial New Mexico with | ‘The great bulk of independent thinkers on this | the Wilmot proviso for the ex- } side of the water, appreciate the views and labors press purpos rectly to the | of the New York Herald in precisely the same President, either his signature or | light as they are looked upon by the rest of the his veto to th easion is, thar | World. There is, however, a certain class of our in such a ssidering all his | cotemporaries, who, from jealousy or rivalry, have associat nd purposes, and feclings, compos | endeavored, ever since our first ixsue, to depre- ciate, run down and abuse the New York Merald, policy, therefore, of his friends in Cone | and all those connected with it. This opposition iy the Northern portion of them, | comes from the weak and unptincipled portioa of would uch legislation as would pros | the cotemporary press of this city and throughout voke him to that step. But whether, oa the other | the country, and particularly the party press, con- hand, it will be possible to accomplish delay till | ducted by miserable partizans, who are bought, New Mexico shall have « saffic | like cattle in the market, merely to do the bidding ask for admission into the Union, time alone can | of their employers—the politicians of the dey. For tell all such newspaper writers aad journalists we have in relation to California, the chances are that | the most rovereign and overwhelmung contempt, that e Union with the | and so we believe have all independent thinkers | on both sides of the Atlantic, and om every side of cons ment. There may probably be some changes made | the Pacific. } by Congress in her boundaries; but no chaage will : " be made sufficient to jeopardize her admission into — niches ogre wy t vi hourly and the Union, before the termination of the present | posersenctd scope spook aging of the sersion. If otherwise, the consequences would | semsialiaader ton Yaor corm ine washed jatal, iG ot, t sngland. © beg leave to bs they the whole Po wil plore ® | eaution the public, and the mercantile community “ mi 7 * | especially, not to make any operations 1a cotton, or we Caadiethiedoa Lge” agape we anything else, until the quotations are made public 2 Gage nalts we cla her, they 0 our bulletin. We do not wish to imply that all would a up an independent government ‘on the | # not fair with the electric telegraph; but we do Pacific for themselves, and maintain it against all **¥> that, as matters stand, no prudent man will odds and all opposition, from any quarter. Bat es nes achat Saktneeasee - . , 8 plac while we think California ought to be admitted, we doubt whether the State of Deseret, which has | ©" the bulletins of the newspapers. They cannot be too careful, and so we warn them. As soon as been taken possession of by the Mormons, with a ; we receive authentic quotations, we shall, constitunon of ber own constraction, will receive instant, make them public. Beware of specul: the seme attention at Washington. tb bth ligh teelf. All these movements and developements, during | —'”*Y @Fe #8 subtle as lightning iteclf. Tre Recent Deraicavions —It is now stated he last few days, in Congreas, are exceedingly in- teresting, and will lead to deeply important results. | that Proeyer M. Wetmore promises to pay back to We do not see, in the policy disclosed by the Pre- sident, under the advice of his cabinet, any | prov prospect of an early termination of the anti- | elwim: tlavery agitation at this time. His pohey is } character, would veto such alaw at gress, and espect be to preven t population to te will be admitted i h ton which she has adopted for her govers- in one ors d the departinent allows him his additional There will be no end to the ramors concerning this and other defuloations. ‘The trath of the matter is, that the calinet have discovered a delay, inactivity, postponement—until the new terntories shall have a suilicient population to demand admission mto the Union as States. Duriag this delay, im order to avoid forcing they have not the couraye to proceed openly, the President to sign or to veto the Wilmot pro. : : cording to the sub-treasury law, and prosecute vieo, the general agitation will go on in all the | them to the point of punishment. elections in the Northern ) cited as they will be by th slavery and free soil leaders. the question is a prole and Somh. Under thi whigs and locof cetion, will be completely disorganized a officers employed by the late administration; but tee, famned and ¢ ——- agitauion of the aatis | A prolongution of | a of agitation North agitation, the old parties = 80 far as relates to natioaal dd Gas Monorory.—An adjourned meeting of orewmere will be held at the adway (louse eevenog. Irae expeeted that the chairuna Wilennonnce the namee of the gentlemen who are to compose the committee of two from each ward, | eppeinted at the Met meeting, to memorialize the th momen Council on tt Vnited. The next Congressional elections will | ‘ ef the mo therefore present a new phase in American | *P¢ Prey that their contrnet may b politics; that 1s, a breaking up of the orgi | Vitieted by the Gas Company. eis expe hal parties which have governed the country meeting will be large. The gus meaopoly for the last quarter of a century, and the adop- tion of some new system, or some new mod+ ng public opinion at the polls. A siscolution cf the old parties, therctore, is certain, bolish: d tbe d Joy Morris, Keq, Crerge PAG aires of the # to Naples, Ie im fowa and will fears to for Italy, ia the steameh'p Caswds, of concentrat € | The natural way would have been to dismiss all | n correspondent | weer Interesting from Washington. THE SPEECH OF GENERAL CASS. OPENING OF THE CAMPAIGN IN THE HOUSE, Gec., die, de, Summary. In the Senate, yesterday, the bill for the estab Ishment of a Branch Mint in New York, was re- ported from the Finance Committee, without amentment. A resolution was submitted by Mr. Webster, declaring it expedient to enact a liw do- nating a quarter section of the public land to each male settler, after three years’ improvement of the same. A resolution was introduced, calling for all executive correspondence in relation to the disper- sion of the Cuban expedition. The Senate then took up the special order, and Mr. Cass resumed his speech, which will be found below. The House of Representatives were engaged, in Committee of the Whole, in the consideration of the various topics embraced in the President’s an- nual messege. The Legislature, thus far, have progressed but slowly; numerous measures, however, have been introduced in both houses, and ure passing through the primary stages In the Senate, a report was received from the Bank Committee, in relation to par redemptions, recommending a rate of a quarter percent. The bill amending the Hudson River Railroad charter was received from the Louse, end referred. A bill was introduced amendiog the charter of the Brooklyn Gas Light Company; also a billin relation to the Sixth and Seventh wards of the city of Brooklyn; and a bill for the homestead exemption. | In the House, bills were introduced ia relation | to the incorporation of Insurance Compamtes, and | the Mechamies’ Seciety ot New York; anda call | was made for the reference of papers on file in rela. tion to the usury law, toa select committee. Some | discussion was had upon the question of calling up the slavery resolutions, but the motion wes | finally withdrawn. TUIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. mate, Wasixoroy, Jan 22, 1350, Mr Dicxinson, from the Finance Committee, report: | ¢d without amendment the bill to establien a Branch Mint in the city of New York, and recommended its | patrage. | Mr. Weneren submitted a resolution asserting that Provision ooght to be made by law, allowing to every | male citizen of the United States who should settle up- | on, and cultivate the same for three years, a quarter | tection of public land, which, however, should not be alienated by the settler, or converted except by devise by will, The resolution lies over. | Mr. Davis, of Miss, submitted a resolution calling | upon the President for all orders or correspondence relative to the assemblage aod dispersion of the Cuba expeditionists congregated at Round Island last sum- introduced a bill providing for a retired 4 pavel officers On motion ef Mr Foote, the Senate resumed the consideration of the special order, being the resolution jer contideration yesterday. Mr. ( ass baving the floor, resumed and coneluded his is After expressing his obligations to the Sen- their forbearance during a tedious and dry jument, upon the rubject under discussion, he pro- ded 8. The nature of government. 9 Nationality. 16. The principles ef agency and trust, V1. That provision of the constitution which de- oll “debts and eogagements entered into adoption of the constitution, be as against the United States. ucder the constitu. under the coufederation.”’ The ordinance of , it ie cont on tbe povernm enter! ig te Aged constitution, its comments on American affairs, takes for its | On many occasions we have beea complimented | s- | by the leading journals cf Europe and elsewhere, | ma the | the government one hundred thousond dollars, | bateh of twenty or thirty defoulters among the | } ae eae le it is adinitted that thet ordinance was pe d by the old Congress of the confederation, Witheut suthority from the States,” it is contended, net that the claure respecting “debts and engage- | ents’? was confirmed, but that it “had been tacidy confirmed by the adoption of the prerent constitution, end the authority given to Congress in it to make neod- fol r d regulations for the territory.’ Ali there var! Testons were urged with zeal and tineerity, as grounds for the coustitutional action of Congress on the Wilmot proviso, Much of the coa- fusion on this subject hed arisen from eonfouadiag “ territery” with © territork and the application of the former word to poittionl comaunities, territo- rial goverpments, and the assumption that it so ap- plied in the constitution, instead of being used to de. rigpe certain species of property the United It was upon this misapplication, in a great that the extended construction of the power nd reculations, £c , had been based. Take away the assumed aod mistaken pre- mises, and the conclusion would fall. The true aad | Obvious im pert of this power was the right to diepose of, | ure, and preserve the public property, «herever situated, and to exercire any power tairly “needful” toattain those objects Property alone was the subject of the grant. be only prevision fa the constitution relating to pro- be United States, other than that just alluded tbe clevee wuthorizing Congress “to exercite thority (exelusive legirlation, as in tho Distrtet | ote cumbia | over all places purchased by the consent ¢ Legislatures of the States in which they shall be titusted, for the ercetian of forts, magatines. dock. | sard* and other The objeot of | the firet of these clavres wae to enable Congress to 1 the property of the United States, er situated, without other legislation: and of States | lert, to exe Jurisdiction over all persons livio | ip these forte end fother buildings, im gffcunsiances where snob jurisdiction te necesrar; eeo%rding!y ceded by th per authority; the one provision was unt + other special Ip Was manifest, then, Ibet if the fret provision conveye® ceceral crant of jo. givlative authority, the # Prev ntirely because the government of the United Bet of ownership. posseas jon. It was well known of this clause relating to }, Ceased as noon asthe United States perty. Mr. ©. wentinto an argue ition assumed by Mr. Hudson, hers, that the power to make give < clarive jurisdic. United States, is0~ thus making from the deci. wrt, in the case of the United others, to show that the term eticuti 1 M t Ym the cen the power risdtotion. he protested his ina- Dility te comprehend, more e*pec! power tobs exercleed must be “ needful,” this necessity on it was incompatible with the fdea that ee withont lmnle this point, proceeded to for the of the ter- —the rg! treaty. rt The eilect of ti power t of nequirition, was, under our constita- * lative, a¢ no territory had process. it was jy annex a foreign nited Sta interposition of some department of tee Bt to indicate if thet was ro, the to wm 3 by the elar: peifermed its faneviens, for whieh it oT tervitery was goctier qe other prov! ie —— the | as well asin the twentieth ye may to become members of our sentlomey, ia an object of the highest tm; ow ;” and he that Congress is “divested of the power of government when the in- fant confederation arrives at its majority—when it is strong enough to assume the ere seer reli . apd comes as @ State into the confederacy. er of legislation, seid Mr, C., is here deduced gical views, furnished by the conditions of ood in natural life, and by their appli- ives ct communities. Analogy never prevents & tran Ae tne of argument, and jeast of ail in constit: jiveus-ion, which should bs marked by severity of investigation, rather than brilliancy imagination, I bave lived under terri ern: ments the greater part of my active life, and [ had not learned Ul pow that they had avy Few se congres- tional training which prepared them for their politics! transformation. ‘their training comes to them as it comes to ull other American citizens— by experience, observation. and reflection. “Train up child in tne way be should go, avd when he is old he will not de part trom it” Tis paterpal tpjunction bas no place here and least of all is thy foundation for the exercise of this great power, The territories may be young, while the citizens ipbabiting them may be avd are of mature age, and as intelligent as any ia the Union, “Tem surprised”? is yet the frequent remark of the trave! er from the Bastirn States~ and formerly it was the vn versal one when visiting the Western coantry — “Jom surprised at the respectapility aud intelligence of your people But while be pays thin equivocal © mpiment. intended, however, to be unequivocal, he forgets the fact that this population necessarily pos festes thore elements of enterprise, progress, and ini provement. which enter largely into the intellectual advaverment of a community—that many a man sinks into apathy at home, who would be ronsed into active exertion by the change which emigration brings with it; und that he who exchanges the comforts of an eld society fer the bard+bips of a pew one. aud commences & war With the forests. which, if vietory comes, it comes ony with time, and suffering, and Iador, Muse possess seme claim to consideration even from thore regions of eur eommon country, where the great werk of sertlement aud improvement bas been done by generations which huve pared away, Now, sir, this application of the prineiples of the p> + sical growth aud intelectual developement of politic communiies, 1s happily conceived and forcibly ex- prested for certaiu purposes cf ethereal iilastraci on. But wherever its true piace may be. that place ts rot here, and yet it comes from one of the ablest aod mort accom pisbed men among us,to whom we allandalvays listen with pleasure ‘There is uo goveroment of an tural or moral strength, or of majorities aad miaocitio, in the lines of our territorial communities. Their firs organization. a Ve teen, was under the old confe- devatien, when each State bad one vote iu Congress, It would have been equaily impolitic and unjust. to give tow Lew political bedy one-tourteenth partof the power of the Union. unless it contained a number of inhabitants beariog rome reasonable proportioa in population. consequently in it capacity to sustain p> lirteal burtbens. to the clder members of the confedrs Tacy. Sixty thousand was assumed as that number; apd when a territory obtained it, it was entitled to claim its adqi-ston into the Union, aot because ft had Tevched its majority or had teen trained to its new Cutie, for the right came by numbers, and not by time aud knowledge, aod might be exercited the first year if the required popa- lation were them to demand it.’ The first ordinanee, April 28d, 1784, Suustrates this view. It declares ‘that whevscever any of the said States shall hava of irre mbabiiants a+ many as shall then be in any one of the least numerous of the thirteen original States.ruch State shall be admitied by its delegates into the Congress of the United States, on an equal foctirg with the eaid original States, &e” Ohio was trained, as it is called, thirteen years, Indiana rixteem years Tenuesses six year, Louisiaua seven years, and lowa nine year; and while Alabama, Wore precceious than her sisters, required but two vars of ‘Congressional edocation, Michigan and Arkensns. it would » ppear the least gifted of the fanny evch ived the life of « scholar tor almost oae-third @ cout ury—the former having been trained for thii two, the latter for thirty-three years But, wa- fortupately for this apalogical iliustration, the territe- | Ties legislate for themselves. Congress organizes the | governments, and the machinery goes on with little m0 lation to the Congress of the coastitution, th th rees of the coniederation, Afters sion te the fd. 4th Sth. Oth, Tth 8th, 9th, an: elusive. 1 anoerd at the facility with which the ples Of Cur constitution are overlook Genoles they exbibit to atiribute powers ment, becaure it is a government, and are granted by the Pp thus to ef we but ey which, people all powers not ys to wil the functi re ee in it to make needful rules and regulations for | juch is the | terniteries, I have alren ot vernment whieh motives ell tween it pored to the ardthat will the Farewell A an¢ close this First, then, of Washi ‘The unity of gove ie also now deat to in the ee ifice of yourmeal inde pendence— port of your tranquility &* home, and your peace abroad “of your sates — i your prosperisjaogt that very liberty woh you ao Diahiy prize. But, as it ispasy to forsee, that from different causes End from different qv arte i paiue will be tak sreitices employ ef this truth, ast! is p against which the batteri:s of internal and extern: mies will be meet\constan'ly and actively (though covertly und ineidietsly) vircoted, it is of infinite mor that you should property catimate the immence vai rational Union, to your collective and iodivitun thet 3 oushout ), habitual and imam tachmert to it, 3 to think and Carne ot ity, Hs e in contrast. a from of Mr. Adam, few remarks, eds y eat, various parte. our country from now link together thi hy For this you nave every y ent of rympathy nud interest, Citizeas by birth or a has @ right to © ¢ “ American,” wh ea toy ity, must alw exalt the just than say apy erived from With slight shades of habits avd Apams:— “The Bs of this dicoussion has so totally merged in parcion oil thpbeasont.-g facultice of these slavelolders that tbeve gentlemen, in the simplici y of their hear to n in direct ulations respe ting the territory and other pro~ perty of the United Stee.” had reference co 1¢ only as land, and conferred vo authority to make rules binding upoa it inhabivante, ke , Ko. bing labor c their very condition of vecstom) preduced open my mind by the progress of this is, that the bargain between freedom and slave- ry. ained in the U iy Principles) dy re b, very, by pi Ey by riveting freedom to maiotain and pers master, and grossly uneq’ ¢ their mastcrs are f representation. TT! ation bas ,ove: brethron. has roa! vured the prey, and at might he has be no vitieult mat co ‘scoomplished in that ham hye | unders wai haa been th it u pernicious ufluence of the senti: aia proceeded as follow ‘oustitutional doetri hould feel relieved by escaping from its I theretore only eaid, “that the ordi- 1787 had been passed by the old Congress of the confederation, without authority from the States, pap consllerath but had been tacitly confirm t constitution, and the auinority given to Con- by the adoption of the which M ight of Congress to legislate over t! rred to bis views respect- 1 rales and regulations,” And we nal autho- power to everythi undation for Congres rity, a6 Icose and dangerous, as far as I do not pretend to comprehend, with any distinctness, what is here meant. | make out of it is, thet there is some eby the en neither All that 1 mode of conferring po who are more fort than | aa in it Mr. ©, next proceeded with an ar- gvment relative to the practical exercise by Congress of the power to legislate for the territories, and the au- thority which this legislative construction carries with _ rel undetined right of jon, as“sove- | It, He notintend to cailim question the weight reigns of thi utry,” recipients of all the authorit; of precedent and authority to the adjustment of con- whieh, agreeably to elementary writers. results from | Uoveried questions: they were entitied to much the “nature o: rmment,”’ representative of ite | fd nim the discussion of a question, bat should “nationality, ud trustee of thy States,’— | rot ecntrol ite decision. when obviously’ erroneous, all whieh w. | Io this ecmpection be wed the decisions and opin Biacces wight torequire it. There could be Court, follo: ich greater p. tery than that There isno“gene- | xv rel? gr ight of Iegi-lation in th lis wiGHs op that subject are as cautious as the are clrar—"All legislative power herein granted,” | faye cur charter, “shall be vested ta a Congress,” | ofa tersitery, e—and then after some necessary provisiou, | a boon to be granted by conceruing its comporition and proceedings stricted as seemed expedi the uthority to eet a these worde:-‘Congress | clusion, Mr. © Dave Pers te lay. and collect taxes,” go, | ercising the right toile wed by the cther objects of rational legislation, | the territories by ord concluding With the right to make all laws f und in the constitu Which shall be megersary and proper, balf (he said) © ig: unaoimity, perbaps, without r condition. Ail thi not thet it ie one of evineing the powers of goverpinent which ought to be noug! for coly within the more deugerous. wh: hibited by high mem in high places, it woul to call for grave refutation. *t peed Who ge Ieatal green od attributes ct bevereignty or aa: lative ts re therefrom veto be found remel: in —— | ie people of the 1 cot to im piieation, im the eomstitution | nited States. resides the eovereigaty of this cow and po dpartment of their gor: that bigh prercgativ cutoff it. pet to be found ta Pople, which brought them ii 1 jementary writers, Mr evd exhausted, and all the “sovereigns,” “scvereigntivs,” ke, ke P<fred into the rervice in this controversy. only & question of domestic power. Write: terbaticnal ov ware very good authority what were our tk AS sovereigns, but ¥ au theritien to ascertain how. and how far Gupun ee be} eneroised by an: Ucular department of oar gevern- ment. Yeu alghs ge tot | te the decisions of the court volving pom im- | snd wetensge in the soe i itrelf and arguments to be deduced from it, were utterly valueless in the deckion of this reaseted. which be- lopeed to our domestic [oy 5 ‘the t wae ove thing; the right to govern. erotee of the one vas provided for, other was not, and it, therefore, reepectively or te the upon + 4 eleventh reason ol r. he repea' The views ex; bequeathed by am eminent ettizen hed been long known that he kept events and « portion of his daily cently taken from the bee oa 7 argument in the table | the twelfih, which id were (Mtr. Adame ) it . been re- deporitory, where it had better Pp vhieided by thme and dast. aod exposed to the light ‘ay by & member of hie family hie revelation we to the claims ed the cceased stater- 0 ecnaideration of countrymen. rong prejadices. net to «ay bit ter ones, and s temper- fiovnt often tikregu'ated and slways excitable, too frequently wilnersed, eepecially whea men and mea- sures were cheely connected with that calm investi. gationre tom! oe, exercios of re , aud was a mo- Proof that a sigerous fntellec: may be over. © by etrange aberrations, and rendered wrolese climes dangerous by wayward views, criginat- ing te ‘And maintained with e! je pertinacity, and with little respect for the ot otters. Im this diery, the compromise b: whieh the constitution was established, Gnome. “the bargain between freedom tla. end it anced “ morally hy y is as at hn ae at that (me, coneidering t he wriment he then ‘cost Oe epithets t vetows, wae left record by & ataterm soertaia | i ti rence with the rights of the The chject avowed is to poowwes slavery probibitien? tr very few here ot +lew! two years since. together estions, (hat th t it te ate stropger than constitutional ttes to us together, No maa can shut hi to the e@scitement to us b; it perish iil long ® mierlon confide: to the rations of the plocm. & tegrity #f pelitieal exirtence, om jor the world, depends. we eottor al a. b ver come, and never will come, if the ef cempromie and of concersto mete Us and our chiidren tit, to tay the least of it, ar be exercised by an- other. end uniler ciroumatances of peouliar excitement, Ute confederation may be rent inteain. leaving another roample of that judicial blindness with whion God in bis providence, sometimes vielts the sing of nations legisla Now, cit as a mere practical tive adoption of thi: alone it can be I Pave briefly alim anteges, tuestimable tod such @ measure is forced Y heer. from t tefe- reduction of without this Can it go there. ev | believe it caw 323 view of the rubject I ivieal within |» timet iteelf an the weberd a he hy be thee emrbesiod tens spine are the St . My aa bd officer of the exeonties de. ject, tae awrew these vapecttics anid ravens ne ; ee 9 i mnoy a pre SS mabe, commer wrean 6 treaty ot aovishenon Cbligatign tommed. woder the most this cont 7 or a . thee fon to mapper a treaty of pence, or a pe other ited | tutiew, thus stamped with the charge et ate see aus gyotee voteh gun cious rested at porpore He contended also, that te getbority to | eal vier! Mr trok no plenvare tn the = labor valuable, and which is care to arrest it in make treaties and to scquire territory, however far there views, But the deoument bad been to growing and the making regions, in- esrried. either directly or by neceseary implication, | the coum'ry. and regret it as they mieht and it of permitting ite to bigher intitudes, «i be aseumed that that to-| hed airéady passed into bigtory, and could not whoee preducts require labor, and, by their dis making power) wae not enfficient founde the scrutiny or censure ke this, Ite from must always be cheapand abundant. eb to rest the action of Congress ie lorie | of moral was bed desteine and the | I to ‘Bota ini lating for the territories, which position be sup- | example vere bad. That the constitution ise vicious | OWN aetion—for, with my view of the constitu: ported by argument drawn from the past legislation | instrument, it reemed (o Mr. C., that no right minded | Gefect of power, | am precluded from entering into can understand | tacit confirmation by the adop- | tion of the present constitution finding the neceesery author becessary “Sequisittons, Nor be soy, right to ons: Or ve we pate that this view, however correct it may be, prema ear South to seantee their Mike this, which has reached its der ciroumstances so imposing, jones of right and of feeling are tained without reference to its utilitarian there is no better illustration ot history of oxr own revolut ESERFES ittte result. And this truth, than the al ral # # bandon it w! ireumstances show that sure is dangerous in itself, or itleas in il ‘Those who oppose it cannot c their of right, a ted Late Te i. en wi siders itsel! toulsr! the ourietion that ite feelings nd Takers, sacrifiors vie o com us one political family. Now, sir, I ontest worth the gost? To place rel das I believe, unconstitutional Pi the statute book, that @ recom wounds that would be inflicted, and the that would be d, whose disastrous Et right-minded can contemplate without the most. serious apprehension? The oldest among us may live to see their commencement; the you ot live to eee their termination. ee it engage in ao crusade just oti alginate “Teup an American Sena~ z 4 & Hd FE i fa i FE iH Bs i ; - my duty tor, to the count: 4 to the whole country, agreeably to the convis f my own duty, and of the obliga- tions of the commonwealth; aod when I eannot do ease to bave any duty here to perform. supon the Wilmot Proviso are now be- ato sud will seon be before my constituente: ‘ry | am preeiuded from voting in con- them. { have been instructed by the von to voce in favor of this mea- ia the right of instruction whem umstances under proper oii ~ u8 Upon this exercise, bat I need ent or application, for they do not concern my present position | agknowledge the obli- gations of the instruciions | have received, and cannot: act in opporition to them. Nor can! act ia opposition to my own contictions of the true meauing of the con- stitution. When to vote upon this m bill providing for a know how to reconeiie my duty to the Legislature with. my duty to myeelt, by surrendering a trust | can 20 longer fulfil After M s concluded, Mr. Buri.ex took the floor, and tl rther consideration of the resolution waa postponed until to-morrow. House of Representatives, Wasuincros, Jam, 22, 1850, Several resolutions of inquiry were adopted. THR EXPEDITION OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN, ‘The messege of the President, recommending an ap- propriation to fit out an expedition to search for Six: Jobn Franklip, was referred to Committee on Navat Affairs. bd REPORT OF cOMMITTER. Mr. Bayxy, from the Committee of Ways aud Means, reported back the Senate resolution in relation to the limitatiow of the amount of money for collecting re- venue, with an amendment; Mr. Vinton proposed that the ndment be referred tothe Commitee of the Whole on the State of the Union. Mr. Burt, from the Militazy Committee, reported bill to pay four thourand dollars to a mounted com- pany of Indian volunteers, who served as spies te Gen- Kearny, in 1846. It was similarly referred. Mr. Stanton, of Tennessee, trom the Naval Commit- tee, asked, and was circbarged, from consideration of & memorial to suppress African slave trade, by pods oeow 4 ply between this country and Western Africa, A discussion took piece, on the resolution to pur chase. for m+ mbere, Sutherland’s Congressional Manual> and it was rejected. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. On motion cf Mr Uayiy, the House went into Cem- of the Whole on the State of the Union, when he itted a teries of resolutions, referring to the proper committees the several topies in the President's aa- nual weerege. THE SOUTH AND THR NEW YORK HETALD. Mr. Crinoman eaid that the course and extent of the Advocates of po-siavery at the North is not generally in the South. fe bad supposed thet if Call- ia and New Mexico should come inte the Union as. ry to al triumph.’ There is tter feeling at the North, bich will ‘conti to increase, It is partly owing to the old abolition ew bet matoly owing to the efforts of Bi pacties court abolition votes. aud are ‘up to the abotition ine He might mak eo dona The . ie inake 5 with great fotuence, end & wide cir- candor to publieh fasts If this matter goes over Dtlemwen caa come to Co: une the abolition platfara tthe South willaccelerate the abolition of territories unlers you t a bore," of Couns 1 ny a te! slaves there,’ the North would cbject to this; but thee gea- | the jay thi eaunet lve where there are | slaves; they object to divide the terri- tory; the; 1 not give the South one foot, al- thovgh the Scuth contributed t thirds of in the shied pre c os | eg like thd ory of The the robber who. if outs “ Peace!” “ Union!” We apeestore want justice. Our —— by the sword: an id we are deter= thore who the vention; when the crisis slaveboider | Cou | thon, a SEW YORK LEGISLATURE, Senate, A any, Tuesday Jen. 22, 1850, en HEROAD. Mr. Owes presented @ petition for condaing the loose tien of the Erie Railroad to the line of 1946, MYDROSTATICS, The Parsperr presented the memorial of the oitl- rena of Rochester, the proceedings « a large- public meeting in favor of the hydrostatic nsthod of we ghing boats. TAR PepeMrtion, Mr. Coox, from @ majority of the & Committee, Submitted @ detatied report vpom the subject of par re« demptions, expressing the opinion that husdreds of thousands of dollare were lost to the business comma- nity by the balf per cent rates and arguing io favor of” ® quarter per cent redemption at New York ond Albeo under the favorable opers~ d other improved means of* eee ne ee on) eof redem ate vferred ta lee Comeslenes of Five times the ueasl number of the report ed to be printed naconv O08 ssany comrany. tvs, from omm! on Mannfactores,. amendment of winee Pl Company, #0 a* to allow of t ete to the amount of one hundred and. Btly Uroweand deottare, HU OOF RITER Rati RreD. the charter of the Hudron River Company. eas revived from the H dered to be re'erred to the Committee on g debate, that seotion of the bili authorize Ing the comm vmrsotthe Ogdensbarysh and Caton: Pisnk Road Company, to borrow money, whish allows: