The New York Herald Newspaper, April 24, 1849, Page 6

Intelligence frem Panama. It very frequently oceurs that letters sent” us by sailing vessels from Chagres, fail to reach us in due season. If sailing direct for New York, our chances of receiving them in shorter order would | be much enhanced. A large package of papers and letters from the Pacific came to hand yester- day, and although not of a recent date, the con- tents of the annexed letter, and the desire to sce | the opinions of all from that quarter, justifies the | publication even at this late period. We cannot | forbear to say, that the general tenor of this letter corresponds with the accounts given to us verbally, | by those who have crossed and recrossed the | Isthmus. Panama, Feb. 25, 1819. In the wet season, the Orus might be useful, but now she is an injury. I cannot forbear to add, however, that all unite in saying that the captain has conducted most nobly, and 1s peculiarly fitted for so trying a post. A small boat, with very slight draught, and a wheel in the stern, would answer; but in the absence of such, fifty or more whale boats, of iron or wood, might render the naviga- tion of the Chagres not only tolerable, but comfort- able. and in most cases agreeable. I joined a par- ty of thirteen, and in a large canoe, carrying all our baggage, propelled by six rowers, we ascend- ed to Gorgona in pend time, and without any great inconvenience. ‘Travellers crossing the Isthmus, should have nothing to do with committees, er general arrangements, but rather depend wholly upon themselves. We have all lost money by en- deavoring to serve each other. I had been fed to suppose the transit of the Isthmus was a most for- midable, if not dangerous, undertaking. It has proved, on the contrary, not only telerable, but quite agreeable, from its novelty, I have been, as have all others, happily undeceived. I have tr velled more than 2,000 miles, in Mexico and Eu- rope, over worse roads, and encountered more for- midable difficulties. Never were there so many searecrows raised to frighten the timid and _waver- | rapidity the once dull and quiet town of Panama, under the influence of American energy and industry, become the scene of activity and business. | - Several parties are now in the vicinity, making geological and mineralogical examinations. ey are highly pleased with their success thus far, and there is no knowing but that they may discover deposits of gold as rich as those of California. We have seen some of the ore washed out of the beds of rivers and taken out of quartz, and we look with a great deal of interest for their future examina- tions. The survey for a railroad, under the contract of Messrs. Aspinwall & Co., is going on with much the examinations of the engineers are proving more flattering than they had anticipated. The building of this road will give a still further impulse to business, and mak: ee aside from 11 other considerations, an important point for bu- ess, and increase the value of property. . The climate here is as pleasant as could be de- sired, the nights cool and comfortable, and the days warm and agreeable, the thermometer ranging at a eeeans temperature fall the time, while the re- reshing breezes of the Pacific keep up a fine and continuons circulation of pure air. The health of Panama is as good as any point on the Pacific or Atlantic oceans. Is it not fortunate that our coun- trymen are thus blessed while portation to our destination ? The advices from the South by the English steamer, however, inform us that we will shortly be supplied with extensive and commodious means a large number of fine vessels having already sailed for this point. ARRIVAL FROM ‘THE GOLD REGION. From the Panama Star of March 24.] We were favored yesterday morning with a con- versation with Mr. Anderson, a young gentleman from New York city, on his way home from San Francisco. He left that port on the 25th Novem- ber, but in his delays picked up intelligence from other other sources inuch later than his own. He | was seventy-four days, in reaching Valparaiso, | having taken passage ina sailer, which was be | calmed many days. At Valparaiso he delayed three weeks, and then came en here in the British in walting for trans- ing. The scenery of the Chagres 1s beautiful, and repays the trouble manifold, for the inconvenien- | ces he may have to submit to in seeing it. ‘The coast, too, on either ocean, is noble, diversified and charming. And here iaretn forget to. acknowledge my many obligations to the. Pacific Mail Steamship | Company, for the liberality (almost prodigal) be- stowed on all their arrangements in regard to increa- sing the facilities of getting to California. No pains have been spared. All their agents I have found most obliging and effi nor am I alone in this | expression—no dissenting voice has reached me. 1 can but hope, then, as | do most sincerely, that they will be rewarded as they deserve; and of this no one can judge better than those who have been the participants of their noble undertaking and la- vish expenditures. i On board the Crescent Ci quaintance of Mr, Slidell, division of the railroad strvey. 1. agreeable and intelligent man, and from his com- mencement at Gorgona, on his arrival at his sta- tion, | cannot doubt but that the company have made an excellent choice for this arduous post. ‘The survey seems to be going on finely, although the natives seem to entertain much the same judice against the work as the boatmen do against , 1 formed the ac- f of the Panama I found him an y the steam navigation of the Chagre t seems to me that but a few of our countrymen, and fewer still of foreigners, have yet formed any adequate idea of the vast importance of this enterpri a railroad across the Isthnaus. But a reflecting, ob- serving man has only to look at the map of the | world, and then make this trip, to have the full importance of such a work impressed upon his mind. Would that | might influence Congress to Jook at the undertaking, tree from prejudice, and as enlightened statesmen should do. It would render any Congress memorable, and almost pre- eminent, to have essentially forwarded such an steamer in twenty days. 2 i Mr. A. 18a modest gentleman, and said but little of his accumulations; but some of his party give him credit for having in his possession, in the ge- nuine solids, $100,000 in gold, going round in the Lexington. Ile reports that a large number of ves- ls, at the time he left and since, were lying at ‘an Francisco, deserted by their crews, and the officers left on board and unable to obtain substi- tutes. He thinks, as did others, that the Califor- nia, Wished for here, was not more fortunate than other vessels. When, he left Valparaiso the Lex- ington was about sailing, and the Independence hourly looked for from Callao, both bound home round the Cape—the former with a full millon of gold from the diggings, for parties in the States. Mr. + Went out in Col. Stevenson’s regiment. After reporting himself and small change in New York, and converting it into coin, he intends to return for the purpose of operating on exchanges. Ile says that at Valparaiso every man from the diggings i loaded down, with yellow dust, and that there is room where it came from for one hundred thou- sand more diggers. Now, boys, don’t despair after this. Keep hope bright, for better days are coming. Our Fort Smith Correspondence. Forr Sain, (Ark.,) April 1, 1 The Town of Fort Smith—The Emigration to Ca- Lifornia—The Military Escort, §c., § Presuming you would like to know how our company have get along thus far, and what pros- pects we have ahead, | will devote a few minutes in giving you a brief detail of the state of things as they exist at present. You will remember we left New York and came via Pittsburgh down the Ohio; had a very quick enterprise. ; Panama is a healthy, pleasant;town to live in, and is beautifully situated. Thesscenery, both of mountain and coast, is grand and ‘delightful. One may live handsomely fee for one dollar per day. Ihave five rooms, and can live for less, and am at the same time as comfortable as at home. There is always a fine air stirring; the sky, at this season, perfectly clear, the hea’ blue and se- rene, like Italy; while the nights are cool and com- fortable. I require a blanket. I am, thereti most agreeably surprised with the place, pa larly, as, out ot 600 to 800 strangers here, not one, to my knowledge, is indisposed. We ‘are all in good health and spirits, have good appetites, are on the best terms possible with the Governor and the zens, and are therefore happy, await- ing patiently the means of getting to the golden land. ADDITIONAL FROM THE ISTHMUS. [Frem the N «Picayune, April 15.] The U.S. m hip Isthmus, Capt. Baker, arrived he: y from Ha > after a fine We have papers » yesterd passage of seventy-five hours. trom that city of the 10th inst. ce Our news irom Panama is down to the 31st of passage to this place, and are now making all ne- cessary preparations for our march across the vast prair etween this and Santa Fe.ggThe town of Fort Smith ituated immediately upon the right. bank of the Arkansas, and contains a population of about one thousand inhabitants. There are seve- ral good stores here, which are constantly thronged with emigrants fitting ont for the expedition; and the merchants ave in fine spirits, eine? per- haps, that they will derive more benefits from the expedition than those who go further. There are at Jeasta thousand here now, ready to depart, and move constantly coming. Itis supposed that we shall move on as soon as the escort is ready, Which will be in the course of | three or four days. The escort compost s d of fifty infantry and forty dragoons, all under the command of Captain Marcy, who, it is said, is well qualified to conduct it. He has been long in the West, and is a good woodsman. We have had the pleasure of an in- tlemanly man, and I have no doubt will see us safe (Broun the praivies. We are to follow up the mainfork of the Canadian river, until we reach reat North Bend, when we shall strike di- r ‘e. On our arrival there, | will March. Up, to9o’clock that day, the California | had not arrived there. A whale 'ship arrived on | the 80th, und would take away 150 passengers for | San Frane People were daily flocking to | Chagres from all parts of the world. All the Gal- | veston’s passengers had reached there in a brig | and three schooners. It is estimated that there | were at Panama, atthe end of March, 1,500 people | en route to California; at Gorgona and 700 | more. Much distress and some sickness was to prevail upon the Isthmus. The large number of | ¥ emigrants have, of course, nothing to do, and they busy themselves in all sorts of amusement Gambling and frolicking are represented to us as being quite in the ascendant. Some companies which set out for California, pledged neither to gamble nor drink, have been forced to consider the transit across the Isthmus as a contingency not | within their contemplation, and act accordingly. | Many, too, are particularly short of funds, dream- ing little of a month or two months’ detention. We have a copy of the Panama Star, of the 24th of March. Our readers already know something of the character of the Isthmus, the means of | crossing it, &c., but, will read with pleasure the following account of the metamerphose it is un- | dergoing from the hands of the Yankee: {From the Panama Star, March 24.] Never, perhaps, in the history of any country, has change iollowed clings inauch rand eunes sion as upon this Isthmus within the last three | monthe; everything appears to have undergone a general transmutation—industry and energy are | fast superseding indolence and_ procrastination The example of the universal American nation, like the famous pills of the self-propelling Dr. Bran- dreth, seems to be ‘ working wonders,” and in- fusing new life into the once almost inanimate na- lives—exarnples and constant employment, at libe- ral prices, have had a most salutary effect upon one and all. But a very few months since there was no com- | munication between the United States or Europe and Panama, other than the single line of Mnglish steamers. Upon the arrival of one of these vessels at Chagres, a few passengers would quietly pass over the Isthmus and were never heard of ‘atier- wards, unless it was to write back to their friends the most awful and thrilling accounts of the danger and difficulties they had to encounter, and pourtr: in graphic style, the terrible and ofiensive appear- ance of the ferocious anim: tiles and insects with which the whole count infested. Now, what has been the result of the last few months? Searcely a week passes without the arrival of a steamer at Chagres, laden with passengers and goods, who immediately on their | arrival set out for Panama. Since our arrival, we | have not seen a person who has not been agreeably ls and enormous rep--| * let vou hear from u n. Asmany of our New York friends ai of the Herald, they will see how we prog they should not get our letters. ‘The company are in fine health and spirits, and expect io reach the gold diggins early in the au- tumn. steamship Unicorn, Captain Deal iled y, 23d instant, for Rio Janeiro, Valparaiso, and California, with the following passengers For Ri Wilham B. Beatty, Mr. Millotson, ‘ o—C, T, Ward, Boston; A. n Franciseo—R. L. Putnam, Main . J. M. Garland. L. Chenn, 0: Sthreshi; Fredericksburg. fa.; Dr. and Mrs, J.d J. Dobson, J. Fi Disbrow, Glover. New York; W. A. Greet R.1.; William McDonald, Cana Theron Mi- nor. George .everidge. Mr. Newman, R. Goodrich, Rega, J New York; G. W. Coffee, J, Desotell. T. Manoney, ppard. 7, J. Smith, ‘T. Jones, £. Townsend, J York; 8. Osborn, A. Andrews, W. Hay- chusetts; A. Coles, Connecticut; y, Ro. cngland, h,#, AL len PENNSYLVANIA. apt. Anthony, cleared at st inst., for San Francisco. The bark Warwick 1 »on the Pacifie tion of | Pennsylvania, viz bury, EP Me » Phila delphia J. Ocletree. maport, I ‘Treasurer; Isaac &, Levan, Schuylkill county, Pa; Ro: bert J.C, Jahm, Oscar F. Livingston, The chuel. George Huey, J. F. Flug. Dewith Cow P. King. John J. Beris, Philadelphia; Reuben Larch. Schaeflerstown, l'a; Morris M. Demere. Savannah, Win, 't. Crosby, Montgomery county, Pa; John R, Ab hott. Trenton. N.J.; Wm, ¢ i Indiana; Jose Cowan, J. A. Cowan, Pittshur county, Pa; Jos. Crowd, Ja Thos. ¢ Indiana George Calden, Washingtou. D. ©.: John Brannan, Samuel A, St. Jolin, New York; Edw’d Bartling, Richard Bond, Philadeiphia,—Total 2¢ LOVISIANA hip Alhambra, Captain Coffin, sailed from ans, onthe 14th instant, for San Fran- cisco, with the following passengers :— puel Mors, Jr.. George Lehr, wife, and child; P. Johnston and wife, L. Kimball, Mr, Tillman and wife; Messrs. Carlton, Bauinan. Skilling, Thomas Menzies, J nson, Wellers, Myers, Burcholdt, B ; Toppe and lady; “A. T. Ladd, wi ir, Lane, wile, 3 nd three children : Mr, Comstock, Mr. Bogart, wife, and two disappointed in the passage over the Isthinus—the dreary and lonesome passes, i defiles, so, much dreaded, have suddenly change into beautiful and romantic scenery, fanned hilarating breezes—the offensive and poiso) owths into charming evergreens and shrubbery, | studded with blooming tlowers, making the air re dolent with their aromatic perfume—the chattering | of the monkey, the screeching of the night hawk, and squalling of the parrot, have given place to the lively song of the merry boatman, as he cheerfully lies the paddle in propelling his ancient and rude looking gondola; the reptiles and crocodiles, in- stead of being so hideous, afford tine amusement, and a fair opportunity of testing the quality of « new gun er pistol. Arriving at Gorgona, we con finda comfortable house, a good meal of victuals, and plenty of room to ii hammock. Dail the roads from Gorgona are lined with the mules and natives attached to the forwarding line of Messrs, Leetch & Co., who have, after inuch trouble and difficulty, succeeded in establishing a line capable of forwarding goods from New Or- Jeans to San Francisco, or any of the intermediate points. Let any one, walk around Panama, and he can- not fail to notice the marks of the Anglo-Saxon. American signboards, in the regular catch-line slyle, Mheap Goods ”—* Broker's Office "—“ Licensed ctioneer,” &e. & et the eye here and there ong, foing # ie! in a style that would do credit to Peter Funk, in his palmiest days, echoes from different places along the street? tite horse Jockey and, the pedlar ure not behind the others ; ‘and yesterday we heard uttered with an earnest. ness that would have henored Sum Slick, You don’t want to buy no dried apples, nor about half a biled ham, already cooked, nor a little less nor a half a barrel of pickled pork, real genuine Boston harbor, nor nothing, do you?” Even Cave John- son, the immortal Cave, would here find some one with whorn to divide his honors and share his inva. fortunes. The bulletin board of Messrs. Leetch & Co., now bears the familiar words of * inail failed to-day,” and then adds, Nothing from be- yond Gorgona.” ‘Tailors and rum-sellers have be- ewome ship-owners and ship-brokers; and thus hay ndhorrible mountain | 4 0 Phillips, 1 1, H. Wood, A. Wood, n Scott, Dr. Allen, Dr, Alvord, I. Ulrish, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Chittenden, R. H. May, ‘ichard Breen, John Long, Thomas Long, mith, Jonas Mordeeai, wite, and boy; J.C ind three children; Samuel Russell, John Ricewiek, Chas. H, Smith, David ‘Thomas, J. Phelps, Geo, Phelps, Anthony Phelps, Otis Whitcomb, William Stevens, vclin Hutebings, Win. Fleming, Chas, Wilkin- son, W. W, Mason, Rt. Redmond, D. Nappert, Mr. Mahew, John Chase, Thomas Slade, Charles Shell, Dr. Baldwin, J. Davenpert. Dr, Buxton garth, John ker George Crabbe, Charles Britten! Moore, Dr, Lee.—Total, 93, , Th k Florida, was to have sailed from New Orleans on the 16th inst., for San Francisco, with the following passengers :— ham, Mr. Ber- A il, Baker. Dr. A, Pearson, —— Coriel, — R. Cox. 8, Cox Alverson, Dr, Brandis, B. Vanzandt, A. Crennell, 8. Grennell, L. Brun. Thos. Burk, two la. dies and thre n. J.N. Dennet, Dr, Houston, lady snd child. R. ©. Singu, C, Shubank and lady, M. Dun- can, A. Bouws, M. W. Casier, B, Shubank, B. Adie and three servants, € Conroy, J. Eloy, 8. © ins, Capt, H Thos, i tor, A. A. Simons, D, Ht. 4 A. Ratlif, A. G. Briggs, James Johnson, B iff, B. Brotherston, R, Hays, A, Frisby, M. Clark, D. Donnelly, Louis Z, I daughter and servant, James Lea. ‘The U. §. ship Albany. arrived at Pensacola Tth inst.. from the south side of Cuba sage—all well, The following is a list Commander, Vietor M andolph; Lieut Ridgeley, J. H, North, W. Rei J W. A. W. Spotewood; Pur C. W. Place; Ass’t Surgeon, D. 1 shipmen, W. A. Webb. J. Kell, G. F. Clark, F. A. Roe, C.F. Hopkins; Midshipman, J. R. Eggleston; Boat- swain, J. Rates; Guoner, W, Arnold; Carpenter, J, 0. Buticr; Sailmaker, J. J, Stanford We are pleased to learn that Lieut, George Adams has been promoted to the rank of Commander, in thi place of Commander Invine Shubrick, deceased. — Jolk Hevatd. It is stated in some of the continental advices, that a report was generally f dore Parker, of th commend of the ¢ on the five days pas. 8: r pants, D. B Surgeon: GF, Critter; Master, artin; Passed Mid? Our African Correspondence, U. 8. Sm Ente, Porto Praya, November 22, 1848, i The Slave Trade in Afria—Result of Observation and Inquiry—African Institutions, &c. Leaving Madeira with the setting in of the sea breeze, we proceeded on our route southward. Passing through the Canary group, we reached Porto Praya, after a passage of fifteen days. This port is the most convenient depot for the supplies of the African squadron; and our stores were here deposited inthe custom house, subject to the re- quisition of the vessels which might from time to time need them. ‘To pass over so uninteresting a spot as this without comment, is Sparing you a description of one of the most abject and God-for- saken places which has ever been recognised as the residence of civilized man. Until quite recently, the Cape Verd Islands were a sort of neutral ground to the slavers of the coast of Afnca.. They here took out new papers, pur- chased their supplies, and watched their opportu- nity for securing their cargoes on the coast of Africa, An accident has directed my inquiries to this subject, as a means of cecupying my time, and Ihave been greatly interested in the information obtained from various sources, which I consider m the highest degree authentic. We have the de- claration of a distinguished member of the British Parliement, made quite recently from his official seat, that all the efforts for the Suppression of the slave trade have proved ineffectual to eradicate the traffic, while they have caused it, under the pres- sure of vigilant and hostile pursuit, to assume new. phases cf atrocity. The apprentice system of rgiand has been superadded to,the regular traffic, which evades the cruisers; and it has been found that the number of slaves taken from Africa is en- larged in proportion to the amount of the English captures. ‘Lhe commandant of one of our brigs, about to join the African equadron, iz said to have answered the hail of an English cruiser, that * he was bound to the coast to protect the slave trade.” 1 do not youch for the truth of the anecdote, but heartily join in this grave irony of the project of rooting out the slave trade by means of armed cruisers, and of converting into apprentices those whom they may chance to capture, who are thus made slaves under color of a more agreeable name. Ido not wish to be understood as underrating the importance of cur own squadron on the coast of Africa, for I believe it is at, the present moment not only one of the most actively employed, but also one of the most useful in the navy. ‘Se long as any other nation maintains the system of cruis- ing, chasing, searching, capturing, and confiscating vessels on the coast of Africa, under pretext of their being engaged, or equipped for engaging, in the slave traffic, and that, too, under an arbttrary construction of what constitutes an offence, so long the presence of our naval vessels is of para- mount importance to maintain the sanctity of our own flag—to shield our innocent herciaiinen from vexatious pursuit, and from arbitrary deten- tion, under pretext that the flag is falsely used to cover slave traffic, and to prevent the complaints, negotiations, and national feuds which would eventually, ensue. In this respect the African squadron isin a high degree beneficial and eco- al, and is profitless only to those who waste ives inthe thankless duty of cruising upon ckly coast. | 4 ides information collected from other sources, through the kindness of one of our officers, who bas cruised for some time upon this station, been put in possession of some interesting and able manuscript notes on the subject of the slave trade at large, from a person more competent to write upon the subject than perhaps any other man living. ‘Vhis person—from whom | have derived much in- formation as to the details of the slave traffic, which, if not altogether new, possesses the in- terest of a certain kind of authenticity, confesses to have n engaged asa slave-dealer from 1829 to 1840; to have occupied the several grades in the troduction to him, and he appears to be a very gen- | business, of captain, supercargo, and factor in the slave country; to have owned establishments, at several noted places on the coasttrom whence slaves are generally shipped ; and to have made excursion into the interior and witnessed the method of pro- curing slaves by the native dealers, with all the vggtavated horrors of pillage, slaughter, and can- 1. Ile resided on the coast several years efter, he retired from the traffic. To these oppor- tunities for observation he adds an uncommon frenkness in his eemmunications. The history of his adventurous life, as related to me, is of itself a ro He acquired that ascendancy over the native kings, which a strong mind never fails to assert over an inferior one ; often appealed to as a ccmmen mediator in their quarrels, his decisions, which he often turned to his own interest, had all the force of law; and he was once complimented by a Pritish admiral, on the quarter-deck of his vessel, as the Machiavel of Africa—and his repl was, that he regretted that he could not, throught him, return. the cempliment to the English nation. Tem told that he has received the acknowledge- ments of the English government for an important seivice rendered to one of their cruisers, which vented her capture by a Portuguese slaver. ithout pretending to deny, and in some instances ering unequivocal 2 ies of the traffic, he still supports the opinion | that it should be tolerated as a benign institution, improving the deplorable condition of the slave in Africa, by a change of masters and country; and he declares that the present system of espionage and capture, without che g the export, has ag- graVated necessarily the horrors of the traffi | In a letter appended to the manuscript, addressed tothe Rey. J. M. Trew, etary of the English lave Trade and A | Sceiety for the Extinction of the ihe Colonization of Africa, he says:—* I am aware thet but little value will be. given to my labor, as prejudice is the predominating fault and true cha- racteristic of the English, I foresee that when it is known that the accompanying answers [to jrinted questions propounded by the Society] are | the work of an Italian and an old aiyeremuany | no notice will be taken of them, and perhaps not a | word believed; but those who are personally ac- quainted with me, have visited Africa, and seen the native custems, will readily jom in my opinion.” | lavery exists throughout Africa ; from Sene- nbia to the Red Sea, and from Cape Colony to | Algiers, The export to the West Indies and Brazil is confined mainty to the Gulf of Guinea on the | west and to the coast of Mozambique on the east; but everywhere the institution exists, and what I | am abcut to state will make it the more apparent that 1t must be universal rom the want of oy recognised money, the | value of a slave isthe sole standard of currenc Territory, houses, wives, cattle, &e., are all valued as £0 many slaves or fractions of a slave. Mar- riage contracts and treaties in council (Palabras) are all arranged in slave currency. ‘The property | ef any chief or merchant is invariably reckoned as so many slaves. Thus, slavery is recognised in every condition and transaction of life, and slaves are interchanged inthe affairs of business, precisely as geld and silver pass from hand to hand amon; curselves. The trade is restricted by no laws, an the power of the master is absolute. Such an institution cannot have been planted curing the last two centuries; it must necessaril have existed from a very remote period, as it still exists, by virtue of birth or forfeiture of liberty, for misf or crime, or voluntary renouncement of it for gain ‘Lhe Africans have no chari for the infirm and destitute; no lunatic asylums, hospitals, poor- houses, or jails. They have adopted the custom, which distinguishes the code of Christendom, of inveluntary servitude for crime, Having no recep- ticles for the detention of criminals, as prisoners of the state, they commit them to the custody of indi- viduals, who have absolute power over their labor, persons, and lives, The African judge, therefore, condemns the murderer, highwayman, incendiary, and adulterer, and other felons to the slave market, as the more humane and the only means he has of chustising malefactors, save by capital punishment. So, poverty, or seme other. grinding necessity, mey have compelled an. individual to disburden himself cf the care of fi lative, and he is sold us a slave. Usage sanctions what neecssity originally suggested, and the slave acqui- esces in what for ages has been the common lot. ‘Take away this resource, and the taking of life would be the enly substitute their condition offers. ‘The more benighted and miserable islanders of the South Seas, under the same circumstances, adopt the latter alternative, and, without the slightest ccmpunction, destroy the decrepid and diseased. ‘Lhe aged parent (often at his own request) is con- fined ina cage and left to starve or be torn in pieces by beasts, or is buried alive and trodden to deeth by his own sons. This awful parricide is perpetrated with the solemnity of a_ religious rite. Such is humanity in its lowest grade—impelled by the seme desperate instinct which leads some gre- garious wild animals to put an end to the life of «ne cf their number who has been maimed or wounded, ‘The benighted African tribes adopt the milder alternative, of selling into perpetual and galling sla- veiy. The brother sells his mad sister, to relieve himself of the trouble of maintaining her, or to avoid mischief or danger in his house. ‘The father barters his sickly son for weapons of war or the chuse, or a new wife, or some additional comfort to his household. Even the maternal instinct, ever asserting ifs mastery over eustom, privation, and hardship, is lulled by the potent’ spells of vani- ty; and the mother parts sorrowfully with, her imbecile gon, to escape shame and ridicule emong her neighbors; for it is the custom imong the Africans to look upon the bearer of ctippled or idiot children with, conteinpt and derision. Itis a most withering rebuke to wpbraid aparent with his children’s infirmities, and such an ingult is rarely pardened without the effusion of blocd. As one never rises to much considerations ' testimony to the alleged | in Africa, until he has a large family of healthy children, the Africans set great value upon their progeny who are sound in mind and body ; but, as in analogous cases in some more civilized commu- nities, they do not care to recognise or support those who are no credit to their parents. The husband will, therefore, embrace the first chance of selling as a slave the barren wife he be- fore purchased according to the custom of the county. The deaf, the dumb, the blind—even those afilicted with hernias, fistulas, and other dis- eases which their doctors cannot cure—the insane and the feeble-minded—instead of being sent, as with us, to charitable institutions, are sold into sla- very; and being the least valuable of slaves, these, more generally, find their way to the slave factories of the coast, where they may be received and sent out of the country. Just £0, it is said, the same miserable and decrepid creatures are shipped from the poor houses of England, and landed penniless and destitute upon our shores. It is thus extremes meet, and the most civilized and benighted of the old world, resort to the same expedient of freeing their country of those who cannot support them- selves;—only the African has practised for centuries what the more enlightened nation has just begun to learn; and the African leaves them in charge of a master, Whose interest it is to take care of them; and in the other case they are left to starve, with- out a protector, unless rescued by the ¢hance hu- manity of the stranger. In addition to the above- mentioned classes of slaves, are those who are born im that condition; others are captives taken in war, orkidnapped dw ng the might wi io may or may not have been originally free; and others volun- tarily reduce themselves to slavery, to find the means of gratifying their passions. Thus, the gambler will sell "himself, his wives, children, bro- thers, and all over, whom he has control, to find the means of gratifying his insatiable appetite. Such are the institutions and customs of Africa, by which men become slaves. Ido not learn that any of them have been introduced, in consequence of the foreign demand for slaves. On, the other hand, they appear to have been of indigenous growth and not of foreign planting. How far an impetus may Havnhen aiven to the domestic traffic by the transportation of slaves abroad, is a ques- tion upon which opinions may be divided; but there can be no difference of opinion, as to the degrada- tion and guilt of those white dealers, who, out- raging the sentiment of the whole civilized world have allied themselves to the barbarous customs of the African tribes, and have added to the lot of the slave the atrocities of the middle passage. T will close this letter, already toomuch bog ets ~H. ed, to resume the subject in my next. American and Canadian Affairs, In an Eng h Point of View. From the London News, April 6.) \ By the last arrival from America, we are put in complete possession of the personnel of General Taylor’s cabinet. From the standing and charac- ter of the men summoned to conduct the new ad- ministration, we are satisfied that it will be both advantageous to the country and creditable to its ief. In Mr. Clayton alone, who fills the post of vign Secretary, we have a sufficient guaranty for prudent and peaceful counsels. No one labored more strenuously than h > to turn away his antrymen from th cipice to which so many of them were rushing, in connection with the Ore- gon controversy. It was Mr, Reverdy Johnson, now Attomey-General, who, by his amendment, adopted by a large majority of the Senate, took the. sting out of the warlike resolutions of the House of Representatives. It is not likely that either, of these men would enter into an administration whose chief mission was not peace, both foreign and demestic. And whilst the new. cabinet is eminently inclined to peace, it is not irretrievably protection "The ch f feature of our news from Conada, is the parsoge of the Rebellion Losses Bill, by latge majorities, through both houses of | the legislature. ‘The measure, therefore, now awaits the sanction of the executive government. Lord Elgin has two courses before him—either to reserve the bill her Maj consideration, which would be tually to negative it; or to give it his assent, and let it become law, in which case it might still be disallowed within a year, by the Queen in council. We cannot anticipate its disallowance in the latter reven should the Governor-General reserve it, we do not see how the Colonial Department can do otherwise than advise her Majesty to give her royal sanction to the measure. Nothing can be more palpably unjust than to cha- racterize the present contest in Canada as a war of races, Even it were so, and the whole British were ranged against the whole French Canadian population, that would not prove the measure to be necessarily a reprehensible one. It is the subject matter of @ contest, not the parties to it, that deter- mines its merits. But there is no such division of races in the present instance. ‘Those who main- tain that there is, talk very indignantly of the An- glo-Saxons in the province being subjected to trench domination. But they talk in utter igno- rance of the facts of the case. The Anglo-Saxons are quite uble to take care of themselves. In United Canada, they preatly preponderate over the French population. It appears, from the census of 1848, that the population of Canada West is 715,000, and that of Canada East 780,000. The population of the former is entirely Anglo-Saxon, whilst 30,000, at least, of the latter are Anglo-Saxon also. This makes the entire Anglo-Saxon population of the united province 845,000, leaving but 650,000 as the number of the French. To talk of French do- mination, with such a division of races, is simply puerile. POE OR ‘The numerical inferiority of the French race sug- ges once that, without the concurrence of some portion, at least, of their Anglo-Saxon fellow-sub- jects, they could not press the bill complained of to a successful issue. In other words, the bill can only have been carried by a fusion of races, to scme extent, in its favor—a fact which takes the centest out of the odious wath tag in which it has been placed, that of a war of races. It is worth ile to inquire how far this concurrence has been en by the Anglo-Saxon population of the pro- re vince. ‘The bill has been unanimously acquiesced in by the supporters of the government throughout Ca- neda. And who are its supporters? In Lower Canada they are undoubtedly the French Cana- dians. To receive support from such a source at all, 18 treated in some quarters, at, home, as, in itself, sufficient evidence of the criminality of the government. But those who so regard it forget that the Canadian opposition, who are now raising this hue and cry against the government, made, when in power, the most desperate eflorts to gain this very support, which the government is now accused of receiving. If we turn toUpper Canada, we find the government sustained by the majority cf the constituencies. Nor is this all. The liberal constituencies are all large—the tory all small. The liberal majority returned by Upper Canada to the Legislative Assembly represents about two- thirds ofthe inhabitants of Upper Canada. This French Canadian government, then, as it is termed, has the support of two out of every three of the Anglo Saxon population in Upper Canada—that is to say, itis twice as strong as the opposition in this exclusively Anglo Saxon section of the province. In addition to this, it has the support of the majority of the Anglo Saxons in both sections. Making the opposition a present of the 130,000 Anglo Saxons in Lower Canada, they{muster in the two provinces about 370,600 followers, The government, on the other hand, musters, in addition to the whole Franco Canadian population, upwards of 470,000 Anglo Saxon supporters. ‘The parties, therefore, stand thus; 680,000 French plus 470,000 Anglo Saxens versus 370,000 Anglo Saxons. And yet is the war of races, in which we are told that French are all on the one side, and the Anglo xons all on the other. This is the state of things which threatens the Anglo Saxon population w: ination. Laying the French altogether a the m Had of the Anglo Saxon population itself is decidedly with the government. How otherwise could the measure in question have re- ceived the sanction of such large majorities in parlisinent ? But to meet those who charge the present pro- vincial government with being a French Canadian government, it is not necessary to look beyond the cabinet itself. We find it composed partly of men of British origin, and partly of men of French de- ent. But so was its predecessor. If Messrs. Bald- winand Blake are leagued with Lafontaine, so were Mesers. Daly and bbe with Viger. ‘The only diflerence is that the former, by coalescin, with Lafontaine, carry the French Canadians wit] them, whereas the latter failed to do so, although they associated Viger with them for the very pur- rere of securing the habuans. Again, 1t may be mined that, at all events, the majority of the tory cabinet were Anglo-Saxons. Butso are a majority of the present cabinet. The unfavorable impres- sin, therefore, attempted to be created by allusions to the mixed constitution of the present, would have heen ec ey applicable to the late cabinet. It is childish to bare an accusation on such an assump- tion; and those who do so would do well to re- member that in conducting the provincial govern- ment cn a responsible system, the French Canadian section of the population cannot be overlooked, But it iat) be urged that we are running off up- on collateral iseues, and that it may be allas we ruy, and yet the measure itself be of the most rep- rehensible description. We have already ex- plained the nature of the measure, and defended it both in principle and detail; and if we take issue on matters aside of the maim question, it is be- cavee Cur antagonists will not confine themselves 10 Besides, the Chronile, the chief accuser of the Canadian government, has virtually abandoned its case, so far as it was founded upon the merits of the bill iteelf, and now attempts to prop it up by inuendo and detraction. We have “chown that bled to be wrong in all its assumptions. We ave shown that ihe contest is not one of race egainet race, except co far as a reckless faction may endeavor to make it 893 that the present this i government is not more a French Canadian A ment than was its predecessor, except so far has from the French Canadian people that su which its predeceseors endeavored, but failed, to obtain ; and that, in the present state of parties, Canada cannot be constitutionally ruled by any overnment which does not secure the cc-opera- tion of the French Canadians | ‘There is still another assumption which we have to contradict. It is said that the present cabinet consists of men who were leaders of the party which rebelled. If Lafontaine was implicated in the rebellion, so was Viger. There were in the late cabinet men who risked their property and their lives in Astending aginst the rebels the supremacy of the crown here are in the present cabinet men who did the same, and who were not only loyalists, but even tories, at the time of the insur- rection. As to loyalty, there is no essential differ- ence between the parties. But there is this differ- ence—that the oneconsists of men of liberal views, whilst the other is composed of men of selfish pur- pose and frothy pretensions. The great excite- ment, of which we hear so much, is, afterall, but a mere party squabble; and the lines of demarcation between the two parties are singularly coincident with those which separated them at the last gene- ral election. The Mexte: Treaty—The Depredations of the Indians on the Mexican Frontier, [From the New Orleans Delta, April 13.) In a conversation with an inte! who accompanied Col. Hays on Y tion to El Paso, we learned that the depredations of the Indians on the Mexican territory have be- come even more extensive since the ‘conclusion of the late war, than they ever were before. Our informant describes the terror and affliction of the Mexicans in the frontier towns as approaching to absolute despair. Even in towns of considerable size, they are kept in constant dread of the sud- den inroad of these savages, who rush.in upon them with the quickness of lightning, and seizing their wives and children, their cattle and movea- ble property, ie orestae mysteriously and sudden- ly as they come, bearing their a is afar off to their distant camping grounds. The scenes of dis- tress, of barbarous violence, of cruel and remorse- less ravages, which have of late become so familiar on the northern fronteir of Mexico, exceed even the records of anything that can be found in the set- tlement of our own country. Our settlers were not only bold, strong, and courageous, but they were well furnished with arms and accoutrements of war. But the Mexicans are weak and timid, and have no arms. They live an idle, enervating life, removed alike from the invigorating employments of a civilized state of society, and the stirrin; scenes of the chase and of war, the pastime o} barbarians. As a consequence, they have become degenerate, and the victims of a race of warriors, oyer whom even the old Spanish colonies exer- cised a doubtful domination, a race equal to the fumous Mamalukes, as horsemen—as cunning as cruel—as fearless as skilful. This band CO depredators has been, for years, the scourge of the northern country of Mexico. Hundreds and thou- sands of Mexicans have been seized by them and kept in ignominious captivity, or only restored upon. the payment of enormous ransom. Others, when captured quite young, are reared to savage life and hebits, and become members of their tribes. It was with a view of putting an end to these distressing scenes, that certain clauses were intro- duced into the late teary of Guadalupe, by which our government solemnly pledged its faith to re- strain the depredations of the Indians on our bor- er, compel them to surrender their Mexican pri- soners, and to punish them for any barbarities against the Mexicans, which, might’ come under the observation of our authorities, In addition to this treaty obligation, it is certainly a matter of deep interest to our border settlements to remove this great check upon Mexican settlement and prosperity, as the trade with that people promises to be mutually profitable. The great body of both the Camanches and Apaches, the constant and most formidable of these savage cepradators upon the Mexican territory, reside within our territory, chiefly on the Western plains of ‘Texas and in’ the valley of the Rio Grande. Here, they find themselves pressed on one side by the vast, sterile plains of the West, and on the other by the advancing settlements of our own people. (iame is yearly growing scarce. The buflalo has, in a great measure, abandoned the diy plains of the South. Thus, then, these Indians find themselves driven either to steal or work for a bare subsistence. ‘The former pursuit is much more congenial to their tastes and reli- vicn than the latter. | Stealing is the only art Rnoyatte them. Their skill and ennning in this pursuit are equal to those of the ancient Spartans. In driving off cattle, Rob Roy’s men were to the Camanches mere. bunglers and _ triflers. ‘Thousands and thousands of horses and mules are every year driven by them out of Mexico into our own territory, where they are either sold to Ame- ricans, or eaten as food by the Indians. Though the duty of our government to suppress these depredations is clear, and admits of no doubt or misconstruction, there is certainly consi- derable , difficulty in practically and efficiently performing the duties thus incurred. Ifthe Indians are prevented from depredating on the Mexicans, they will be thrown back upon our cur own settlements, and will transfer to our own territory those distressing events of which Mexico isnow the scene. This would lead to a long, bleody warfare, which must operate unfavorably upen the progress of our new. settlements, and lead, eventually, to, the extinction of the abori- ines. These Indians, too, unlike those which have successively disappeared before the civiliza- tion end settlement of the whites on this continent, have no territory to fall back upon. The snows and cold of the North offer to their Southern blood and habits, obstacles scarcely less formidable than the seitlements of Mexicans; Navajos, and other half-civilized Indian tribes, have already mo- nepolized the best portions of New Mexico. Whither then can they go, and how can, they be supported without depredating upon their néigh- bors, are questions which should employ the mest anxious concern and inyestigations of our Home Department. , ; ‘ Scme mode by which agriculture may be intro- duced, and the peaceful arts inculcated, is the only means by which these savages can be induced to bandon their hereditary habits of plunder and ‘The bayonet will be found inefficacious, A force double that of our whole army would be found inedequate to restrain the depredations of these numerous, Saaniiey and active barbarians, flying as they do, with the speed of the wind, from place to place, over the vast prairies. Now and then we might possibly be able to capture and punish them. But these cases would bear but a small proportion to the number and extent of their depredations. They would, too, arouse a deep feeling of reven; which in the Indian is not easily sated. The Ca- manches have two main points in their religious creed, two virtues which they cultivate more ar- dently end devotedly than most Christians do the articles of their fa’ hey are theft and revenge. A wrong is never forgotten or forgiven by them. It may not be to-day, to-morrow, this year, the next, or ten years hence; but sooner or later, the Camanche’s revenge will fall upon his enemy, when he least expects. z 4 At present these Indians profess a friendly dispo- ition for our government and people. ut this fecling proceeds from an apprehensisn that our hos- tility might seriously interfere with their de- predations upon the Mexicans, and cannot be con- fided in. It will, therefore, be necessary for the goveinment to increase our force on the south- western frontier. General Worth has already commenced the organization and establishment of yarious posts in that quarter ; but the General’s ability to restrain the depredations of the Indians, in addition to the emallness of the force placed at his disposal, finds a serious obstacle in the fact, that the territory where the Indians’ campin, rounds lie, is included within the boundaries of fexas. All his measures, therefore, would have to be atken with reference to the will of the so- yereign State. Despite these embarrassments, however, we trust that the sagacity and ability of General Worth will enable our government faith- fully to execute the obligations of the treaty with Mexico, and thus to terminate the most distress- ing scenes of barbarity and cruelty which have ever been exhibited on this continent. Foreign Miscellany, The annual cost of maintaining criminals in England is upwards of £400,000. A new journal, entitled The Irish Apostle and American Herald, has just been started at Dublin. “It hag originated in the ardent longings of Irish patriotism, and it is designed to serve the best in- terests of Ireland, by diffusing the great ideas of social progress in connection with the principles of Christian piety.” The dispute amongst the Liverpool cotton bro- kers has been amicably adjusted, by the extension of the time for payments to a quarter of an hour later. Letters from Athens of the 18th ult., announce the resignation of the Minister for Foreign A fluirs. Londos} Rolle, the Minister of Justice, has been appointed Minister for Foreign Affairs ad interim. In the sitting of the Roman Constituante of the 24th ult., Sterbini stated that news arrived on that moming that Generel Zucchi, with a small army, was marching on Rome from the Neapolitan fron- tiers. The Genoa Gazette of the S8ist ult., states that the Tuscan Constituent Assembly, in a secret sit- ting held on the 27th, had determined to confide the dictatorial cash to the hands of one man; and that, on the following day, Guerrazzi had been ac- cordingly entrusted with the dictatorship. The Prince Demidoff has sent to this country, for transmission to Canada, a case of silver plate, asa present from him to the officers of the 79th Jlighlinders. Soclalist, in FrancecCourt of Assis of ‘or o1 Ze 0 the Seine. Mancn 29, 1849.—All the entrances to the court house were ‘crowded at an early hour in the morn- ing, by an anxious crowd, desirous of witnessing the important trial about to come on. The great- est number of the assembled multitude appeared to be soe! . It was known that the accused, Proudhon himself, would be present; hence th eagerness of the disciples to hear something from the mouth of their teacher. The interior of the court was filled at an early hour. There was aconsiderable num- ber of ladies in the crowd among whom the color of violet predominated in their bonnets, ribbons, and bows, (a color, we presume, indicative of socialist propensities.) Many among these ladies wore spectacles, to give them, we muppose, the air and appearance of philosophical re- spectability, ‘After some time, M. Proudhon made his appearance, and took his place at the side of M. Montjau, his law- yer. His well known figure was the object of universal attention, and he assumed a stiff, immovable attitude. He seemed, however, to be highly delighted with being so evidently the object of so much popular euriosity. ‘This ephemeral attention, evidently “ Rappifed™ him, as the Methodists would say. Near to him were observed several members of the Assembly, belonging to the mountain party, viz :—M. Gent. M. Joly, and Charles Dain. All the editorial corps were present. ‘At half-past 10 o'clock, the proceedings were opened: M. Reynard de France occupiel the bench, as Publie Ministe: ‘The several articles from The Peeple, (the journal con. ducted by M. Proudhon.) on which the accusation founded, were then read. There were two articles published in Zhe People, on the 26th and 27th of January last, one of them entitled, “Sitting of the National Assembly—War;” the other entitled “The President of the Republic is Responsible;”” both signed P.J.Proudhon. It was charged against M. Proudhon, that these articles contained attacks against the con- stitution, and were intended to excite the citizens to hatred and contempt towards each cther; also, that they contained attacks against the rights and authority of the President of the Republic; that they tended to. disturb the the public peace, by exciting hatred among the citizens towards each other, and were calculated to excite hatred and contempt against the government 0 the republic. M. Ducnenr, the conductor of the People, was first ined, ‘The Presiwent—Duchene, the accused, what are your names? Joux Ducexe—I am 25 years of age; I am the mana- ger of the journal, The People; | acknowledge having published the articles crimigated; | take the respon- sibility. ‘The Prestpent—(Addressing himself to M. Proud- hon.)—Proudhon, the accused, what are your names ?, ‘The Accuseo—Peter Joseph Proudhon; Paes —Your age? Axswen—I am 40 years old, re were you born? sungon, What is your profession ? A.—I am director of the journal, The People, .—Do you confess to the authorship of the two articles signed with your name, and published in the numbers of your journal on the 26th and 27th January? A.—Yee, I do. Pre articles ? A.—(With much solemnity,)—Yes, I do altogether and entirely. Pres.—Sit_ down ; made against you. Herenpon the Arrorxry Genera rose, and entered upon the public accusation, He went into a lucid ex- position of the theory of the new constitution, and ex- pressed his astonishment that this great instrument should not be respected by men of all parties, inasmuch as it was an emanation of the will of the people, and was the work of representatives of the people, elected by universal suffrage. | He then proceeded to déptet the situation of affairs, and the circumstances under which these two articles were published. Great agitation was then reigning in the capital; important questions were being debated in the Assembly; among them, the famous proposition of M, Rateau; public opinion was deeply agitated; and, under such’ circumstances, the thoughta of a public writer, which may be in themselves worthy of respect, become a matter of culpability if they are uttered in such a shape as would be-capable of stirring up the popular passions. The Arronney Generac then proceeded, after rea l- ing and enlarging upon the articles, to set in full light before the jury the guilt which attached to them, ‘He concluded by ‘expressing the hope that the jury would partake of his opinion. When the Public Accuser had concluded his address, the counsel for the accused, M. Montjan, entered upon the defence of the two accused persons, - ‘The Court, having heard the whole on both sides, ree served its decision to the next day; when Proudhon was sentenced to three years imprisonment and a fine of three thousand franes—his associate editor being condemned to one year of imprisonment and a fine o” one thousand franca The Coal Trade for 1849, [From the Miners’ Journal. The quantity sent by railroad this week, is 7.820 17 tons ; by canal, 3,730 14; total for the week, 11,551 11 tons—only 104 tons more than last week. From this section of the region, there has been a falling off of about 1,700, and an increase of 1,800 tons from Tamaqua, During the corresponding week last year, the shipments from Schuylkill county were 34,556 16 ‘The decrease this year from the Schuy)kill region, so far, is 121,359 07 tons. ‘Do you assume the responsibility of these two you will now hear the charges From all the information we can glean, there will be an increased demand in the consumption of coal om the lines of the Lehigh and Schuylkill canals and rail. roads, ranging from 75,000 to 100,000 tons, this year. We consider it our duty to warn the purchasers and consumers abroad, of the state of the and if they do not'come forward and take our coal at fair living prices, in time, the responsibility of a short supply and high prices must rest on their own shoulders, and the “middle men” at Philadelphia, who have exerted their whole influence to keep purchasers back. The experience of this season, we ‘think, has sufficiently demonstrated that no combination to cone trol the coal trade, and prostrate our operators, can succeed; and that the transporting companies’ will, hereafter, find it necessary to pay some little attention to the views, feelings, and interests of the trade here, who give them their tonnage, in making their future arrangements. ‘The proceedings of an unusually large mecting of our business community, held in this borough. on Mon- day last, approving of the course of our operators, will be found in another column. Several meetings of miners haye also been held in this region, also approv- ing of theircourse. In one of the meetings the reduc- tion of tolls was broached. We think, ourselves, that the tolls are a little too high for the present state of the trade; but too low a rate, also, would prove injuri- cus, in crippling the fusilities of transportation. We are fimly under the impression that no abatement will be made this year by either of the companies, and no purchaser ought to hold back on that account. On the contrary, in the procecdings of the trade in the city, au advance, instead of reduction, ix hinted at. ‘The committee on the state of the trade visited Phi- ladelphia. to confer with the trade there, in the carly part of the week, and have not returned.” It ix rumor- «d that an arrangement has been made, but we have no authentic information on the subject.’ We know that difficulties existed, und are. therefore, unable to state what will be the result of the meeting to-day; but we fecl satisfied, that ifa resumption of business is dectd- ed upon; it will only be a partial one, and several weeke must lapse before the trade will be fully under wa: Amount of Coal sent over the Philadelpiia and Reading Rail- road and Schuylkill Navigation, for the week ending on ‘Thursday evening last: Fe ILROAD. P. Carbon " 2,3 51.669 09 80,087 00 Total by Railroad & Canal. 174.373 08 To same period last year by Kuilroad, Do. do. Canal. , y yi AS.—The Caddo Ga- zette, of the 2d inst., tells a story about the gold region of this State, that corroborates and settles entirely the views of our friends of the Telegraph upon this subject. The Gazetée says that there is now living, in the neighborhood @ Mansfield, an old man, who avers most solemnly that gold exists in as much abundance in some ‘of the mountain orthern Texas, as it is represented to the placers of California. The individual alluded to is an old hunter, and has often trapped the beaver ef the Rocky Mountains and battled with the wild tribes of the Western prairies. ‘The discovery was made by him whilo a pi er among wandering band of the red men; » owing to his situation, he was unable to avail himself of his good fortune at the time, and has since been pre- vented from returning, by so many circumstances, that until the late California excitement, he had, in his extreme old age, almost ceased to think of his golden adventure, and remembered it of late but us an impossible dream. Ile is a man of undoubted veracity, and his story gains implicit credence among those who are acquainted with his charac- ter. Several respectable gentlemen, we hear, were making preparations to accompany him to the valley of gold, and they are sanguine of suecess, while he has grown quite youthful again in the glow of his golden hope ‘The editor of the Texas Statesman has been in- formed that a silver mine has recently been tound in Grayson county, extending into Colin county. Ile says “there was no doubt left in the minds of persons competent to judge, that it will prove one of the richest mines ever discovered on the conti nent of America. ‘The ore, by simple fusion, yields forty per cent of the pure metal.” We think there issome error in this statement, The geological formations in that section, so far as we are ac- quainted, belong chiefly to the recent secondary strata, and we consider it, very doubtful whether any valuable deposits of silver ore can be found in them. The mineral that is stfled silver ore, will probably, when assayed, be found to consist chiefly of lead ore, An extensive mine of lead ore was discovered in that section about four years since, and the mine lately found may be but a continua- tion of the lead mine previously discovered. There: are doubtless several valuable lead mines extending from Red River, through Grayson, Colin, Li = stone, Robertson, Milam, and "Travis counties, tor the sources of the San Saba. Extensive deposits of copper ore are also found above them, towards the sources of the Brazos. ‘This mineral region may, at no distant period, be found as productive in lead and copper, as the famous nines of Galen and Lake Superior.—Houstom (Texas) Telegraph, April.