The New York Herald Newspaper, March 19, 1849, Page 1

: THE NEW YORK HERALD. — — ee MORNING EDITION----MONDAY, MARCH 19, 1849. paiciiiee Baceinee ma indon Times, Feb. 20. If the sutinipared Ounierense of Brussels on the afferrs of Italy be actually about to commence its Proceedizge, We congratulate the mediating powers on the eflect which the present crisis in that coua- try cannot but have produced on their judgment intenttors. The time is, we hope, entirely past) when the patronage and sympathy of France and England auld Gy any aeeibt ity be extended to the Italian revolutionary party; aud, whatever moay have been the delusions at one time prevailing on ths question, we cannot suspect aay minister of such pervereitity and presumption as to support the papular t ranny of a Mazzini or a Prince ot Canwo. It fortunately happens that the questions of Lombardy and Sicily, which were the two prine cipei subjects originally intended to have been dis- eursed by the Conference, are virtually setiled w:thout the interposition of that body. The last mote of Prince Satriano is one to whieh Mr. Temple ‘will be in no hurry to reply. The diplomastists of Brussels will not inquire what has become of that kingdom of Alta Italia, which the policy of some British statesmen was peady to make over to the house of Savoy; nor wiil it be necessary to ascer- tain the fate of that crown ot independent Sicily, which a British steamer was allowed to convey last uly to a younger branch of the same favored race. Its enough that euch schemes are now disavowed as profligate and impracticable by these who could alone have lent them any couatenance or given them any consistency; but it 13 a remarkable cir- cumstance that the only two governments of Italy which can at this time be recognized as lawful and Tesponsible powers, are precisely those ot Austria and the twe Sicilies. which this very conference was originally intended to dismiss with very harsh conditions from the Belgian Areopagus. Lombardy and the Neapolitan dominions are the only por- tions of Italy which can be said tohave any ef- ficient government at all. The King of Sardinia, instead of stretching the dominions of his house to the Adriatic, is held up to execration in the rest ot Italy by what is called the national party. But the fate of Charles Albert is still far better than that of his tellow sovereigns;—the misfortunes of he Pope and of the Grand Duke of Tuscany are in- finitely more signal and more grievous. The for- mal deposition of these princes, which was effected on the 3th and 9th ot February, is the consumma- tion of the Italian revolution, avd a memorable ex- ample of the perfidy and ingratitude of those who have been the instigators, and aspire to be the sole chiets of the popular cause. hen the mar- quis d’Azegho published in 1847 his celebrated “Programme of the National Party in Italy,” the proposition on which he mainly insisted was, that if the Italian princes wished to prevent their sub- jects from becoming revolutionists, they must themselves become moderate liberals. ‘The advice seemed wise, and on the pavt of men like Azeglio and Balbo,fit was sincere. That counsel was to!- lowed by the Pope, who earnestly apelied himself to correct the abuses of the pont:fical government, and to abolish the monopoly of spiritual power, which had fastened, like ivy on an oak, upon the Roman government. He took an emiment layman and experienced statesman to be his minister,who fell under the dagger of a Roman assassin, leaving has sovereign no resource but disguise and flight. That counsel was followed by the Grand Duke ot Tuecany, who, though a.prince of the house of Austria, possessed of F ted power, had, nevertheless, employed his entire reign, now extending to no less than thirty-two years, in the ee of liberal and enlightened measues, which etill reflect the greatest honor on the me- mory ot his minister, Fossombron!. Nevertheless, st the cali of the peope, and under the meaacing aspect of the times, this power, which had never been used but for the best and nublest purposes, ‘was surrendered to a popular club in Florence, to the facchint of ef and to the nameless off- spring ot universal anarchy. The unfortunate and amiable sovereign, who had successively yielded everything to the popular tyrants who surrounded his palace, consented at last, against the earaest remonetrances of the British minister, and even of the Sardinian envoy, to allow deputies to be sent from Tuscany to the Censtituent Assembly at Rome, or, in other words, to place his crown and his duchy under the paramount authority of Joseph Mazzini and his desperate faction, That sacrifice was, however, the last. On the following day the Grand Duke lett Florence, and has_ since retired from his dominions. He was immediatelv declar- ed to be deposed by the circole popolare. The mob rushed into the legislative chamber, and the late ministers of the sovereign, Montanelli and Guerazzi, were the very men chosen to form a provisional government in the place of the prince they had protessed to serve! At Rome, where the Constituent Assembly has just met, similar scenes have occurred. The Munister of the Interior de- livered a speech, in which he insulted and traduced the fugitive Pontiff. Charles Bonaparte, the op- prebrium of the family whose name he bears, Taised the cry of the republic, and General Gari- baidi formally proposed that form of government, which was proclaimed on the next day by a large majority in this Roman Convention. Ia the pro- secution of the deep laid schemes of Muzzini, the subversion of the independent governments of Ttaly was an eesential prelimioary to the establish- ment of that central revolutionary power of which Rome ie to be the seat and himself the head. [no these local revolutions he has not taken an osten- sible part, but they have been uirected by ene eneral plan, and they have thus far been success- ful in those States which had no military torce able to oppose a popular demonstration. Sardinia is now laced between two dangers, ot which the hostile lorces of Radetzki are much the less formidable, the, cabinet of Turin having openly declared against the unitarian and republicas party in Krome and Florence. Naples 1s actively assailed by the revolutionary party, and the existence of the government depends on the caeryy of the king and the efficiency of his army. All the rest of Italy beyond the Austriau frontier 1s one scene of anarchy and hopeless contusion, Throughout the inelanotaly anvals ot that distracted coun- try, in every age, aad in every part of the penin- sula, domestic oppressicn and foreign occupa- tion have alternately cursed the land. From the same cause the same fate again awaitsit. Under no form of government has a tyranny ever existed more fatal to the interests of Italy, or more odious to the great bulk of the community, than that of the faction which rules at this moment in Florence and in Rome. It ia the triumph of a dar- ing minority of advocates and adventurers, who have emoraced the extravagant doctrines which the better sense and experience of the French nation have proscribed; and nothing is more characteris- tic ot the moral prostration of the [talrans than their puerile submission to a party whose real weakness and extravagance are equally notorious, This abeence of a native power for vigorous re- sistapce tu the enemies of order and the destroye: of society t'eelf, 1a the real cause of the forsign in- vasions of Italy. No country can continue to exist without a government; but in Italy no government hus ever possessed adequate means of self-detence without the direct or indirect support of foreign troops, either mercenaries or allies. Sooner or later, some such interference will again release the Italian people trom the domination and the crimes of their own revolutionary leaders, who aitera lite of exile, spent in secret societies an foreign conspiracies, have returned to inoculate their native land with the pestilent doctrines against which in England and 1n France the whole force of public opinion and of law 18 strenuously exerted. [tis a matter of small consequence to Europe how long this calamitous experiment 1s to Jast; but to Italy herself, every day adds fresh cause of misery and ruin. Happily, the moderate charecier of the present French government has ettectually removed the suspicion of any sympathy with the excesses of the [talon revolution, and there ispo dissension between the French republic and the Austrian empire, ea [talian affairs = That fact ha» changed the character and object of the whole mediation; and we have no doubt that the principal desire ot the powers represented at Brus- sels, will be to agree upon some combination to restore tranquillity to Ltaly, and to establisn the ‘unity of the Italian nation, uot upon the ruins of a democratic revolution, but by the introdaction of federal ,relations between the [talian sovereigns, adapted to the geveral interests aad to matual detence. Narrow Escare ano Loss or Lirt.—A letter received from Captain Crosvy, of bark Antelope, of Boston, states that he had a very rough passage from Liverpool to Norfolk, and a narrow ese ipe trom drowning: In a severe gale, he and his first officer, Charles French, of Brewster, Me., wore washed overboard by a sea which broke over the versel, and which providentitily also washed overboard a rope which was made fast on board — Captain © felt the rope as it floated past nim, geized hold ot it, took two or three turns around hig lett arm, and in this way vas dragued over a mile belore he was reseurd from his pertious situ. gon. The mate was lost, ail efforts to save him being unavailing. —Bostom Journal, Murch 17. There are fifty mewapapers {a Ainbama, of which 2 atic, weekiy, 19 whty, weekly; % demosrae 1 aeatral, trie work: oily; Saw tacly Aspect ef Canadian Affairs in Englaad— Republicanism, dic. cc. veeiinil the Lon: Times. The distinction between emi zation 1880 obvious that we seives, when we oy, we have ever been foremost to insist upon it. To the various schemes that for several eae have been propounded for eneourag- ing and assistiog Irish emigration, we have re- plied that the mere process of riddance was fone which a government could not for decency under- take. State can de nothing which is nota lunk in the chain of constant superintendence. It must not send its childrea into the world to shift forthemselves. When, therefore, two successive emigration committees were appointed some years since, we urged, that notwithstanding the probable advautage of even an indiscriminate and multitu- dinous crm eration, to the emigrant as well as to those left behind, and sepecially to the landlord, the committees should look to the e»lony as well as the mother country, and consider what sort of a community they were founding out of British out- casts. Emigration is a fact—colonization is a duty. We are bound to superintend and protect the departure of myriads flying from ealamity ; but We ought to originate, urge, and undertake new colonies. A new coleny is comparatively a slow, adelicate, and an expensive werk, the chief fruit of which will be alter our time, and which cannot now receive our teeming myriads in 11s infant borom. Could we transport 50,000 men, taken haphazard, and land them up seme picturesque creek or on some unfinished quay, inan Australian colony, ten years since unknown to tame and ab- solutely untrodden by man, where, we ask, are the magistrates, the employers, the habitations, the wealth, the institutions, the traditions, the force of public opinion, the religion, the manners, neces- sary to organize that chaos of men? Our infant colonies cannot be an immediate relief on a very large scale. They are for the present even a charge on our resources. Whensuch numbers as @ quarter of a million a-year are in question, we must look to communities mote able to support so vast end 80 1l!-ordered an irruption. British North America and the United States are, in fact, aud will long be, the resort for the masses, the relief ot our pauper-plagued parishes and subdivided soil. But the time 1s now past for any thing else thaa some humane attention to the safety and comfort ot the emigrant. The States areno longer British plantations; and as for Canada, we fear we have hardly more power of raising up another Old Eng- land om the shores of the St. Lawrence, than we have oCerieing 4 comgenzal constitution on the banks of eanithe denerativot t of h i d ‘ the general retrospect of her opportunities an duties, in land cannot be acquitte a of the moat la- mentable ehort-coming in the matter of emigration. Atthe death of Elizabeth, more than acentury atter the discovery of America, there was not one Eng- lishman sett'ed on that continent or on its islands. In the course of the ensuing century and a half there grew up a colony of rertgious exiles, of out- caste, VA penal convicts, of slaves, and of “plant- ers.” Its miegovernment was as bad as its mate- nals, and the natural result of both was a war, which cost this goverument a hundred millions of money ; certainly more than twenty times much as England had ever spent for the good of the colovy, and which was happily uneuccesstul on our part. Those hundred millions, that es- trangement of feelings, that disgrace to our arms, were not the worst result of our colonial impo- licy. Jt was from the banks of the Hudson and the Potomac that the spirit of democracy recoiled upon Europe ; and a whole age of wniversal revolutron and war might be traced to a custom house squabble at Boston. " * What we now hold in North America is mainly a French colony, wrested by brute force from the mother country, and, by a strange accident, taith- ful to England through ite national and religious antipathy to our own rebellieus colony. As for our other attempts at colonization previous to the present century, or rather till within these very few years, they are convicted by the result. At this moment, when the natural increase and the cal mities of the country are expelling a quarter of a million every year, three-quarters, or four-filths of the whole, take refuge in what is now a fereign and a rival soil. The greater vart of the remainder proceed to what ts stul called British America, but which confesses to that name only on the condrtion of virtual independence. Our other colonies are most of them penal settlements, too true to their origin to be agreeable homes for honest and in- dustrious men. They are too scanty to accommo- date the masses driven from these shores. Such 1s the present result, which certainly might have been otherwise ; and to this muet be added the general belief that our colonies have so litle social assimilation to the mother country, that as soon as they attain something like matucity they will throw off both our allegiance and our form of government, and become independent demo- cracies. Gotp mm Cauirornta.—The civilized world is now half mad about California. Like children with a new plaything, they cannot take their att-n- tion off it for an instant; they would put it uader their pillows, if they could, to look at in early morning; as it is, they go to bed aad dream of it. Few, however, of those who so feverishly nurse the magic words, ‘Gold in Celifornia,” would imagine that it was noticed and commented on oy a Britich navigator upwards of a century and a quarter since. The voyager who made the dis- covery was the British circumnavigator, Captain Shelvocke—the time of hi Let him now speak tor himse!f — etay in California, some account of that country and its inhabitants may be expected, though I be- 3] . ration and coloni- no credit to our- oaries would produce no real advantages, except satisfying the curious. That part ot California which Teaw, being the southern extremity of ite western coast, appears mountainous, barren, and sandy, much like some parts of Peru; yet the soil about Porto Leguro, and most likely in other val- leys, 1s arich black mould, and, when turned w fiesh to the sun, appears as if intermingled wil gold dust. We endeavored to wash and purity some of this, and the more this was done, the more it appeared like gold. In order to be further satisfied, | brought away some of this earth, but it was afterwards lost in our confusion in China. However this may be, California probably abounds in metals of all sorts, though the natives had no ornaments or utensils of any metal ; which is not to be wondered at, as they are pertectly 1grorant of all arte.” Here was a lost opportunity! Had the precious packet, however, not have been lost, who thall say what results would not have accrued ? Some, at least, may be fairly predicated. The tide of emigration, which made the United States a nation, would have changed or divided its course, and California would have become the nucleus o! Pacific, and not of the Atlantie, would have washed the quays and war houses of the migratory Saxons. Prnama would long since have ceased to present its feeble barrier to the innovatiors of inventive genius; our ships would long ere this have passed through its narrow neck, and Cape Horn would consequently, like Charybdis of old, have beea an almost unknown danger. This having been done, our passage to the East would have been so greatly facilitated as to huve forwarded the advances of civilization in that quarter by nearly halt acentury. The moral and political changes which all these things would have brought about, 1s a problem which is ineapable of solution.— The {ndex Tuk FLoops in THE SoUTH—ANOTHER CRevassE. —The coast still continues in a precarious situ- ation, from the menacing appearance ef the ex- traordinary high water. We have this week to note another break in the levee of West Baton Rovge, whieh oecurred on the he of Saturdas last, near Brusle Landing, just below Foret’s ball room. The break was a feartul one, takin» in many acres, and overflowing a large extent of couatry sound. The inhabitants of the vicinity, and of the beck concessions, tave been redazed to m distress, and are seekiug refuge upon all the ele. vated land to be found. The amount of damage which must ensue o West Buton Rouge from ts crevasse, together with the one which has wken place near the mouth of False River, aad the other fronting John Lobdell’s, will ne immense. We learn trom our friend, 8. P Greves, Esq, of that perith, that the places belonging to the following entlemen are inundate Messrs. DP. Cain, Jesse Hart, R, Barrow, —— Woods, J. H. Here- ford, Joha Lobdell, Josn Buhler, and Nolan Stuart, and the back waters are inv diag other places between and below those ebove uamed All the eane is destroyed, and the prospects of the peptere blasted for at least two yeara to come. he river at this place 19 at a stand, appearing to rise during the night, and fall a trifle during the day. ~ Baton Rouge Advocate, March 7 Fata. Fiewt petween two Boys eRven YEA oLD — Two ovy, ove by the name ot Ramaott (hwglish) aud the other, Kaigit, (Yankee) pad a fight «t Pawtucket, yesterday. Ramsbottom tarew Ki ight on the ground, the back part of his head #tiack a stone, and ne was ea ried home dead. — Koight had been wick for some titne past, aod waa quite feeble, He was an only ehild ~Provideare lieve a complete discevery of its extent and boun- | the New World; San Francisco would have taken | the place of New York; and the shores of the | Tux Massacuuserts Inpians.—A document has been laid on our tab ¢ entitled “Report of the Com missioners Relating to the Condition of the [adians in Massachusetts.” This report has been made in ureuance of a resolve of the Legislature, of May last, by which three commissioners were appoiat- ed to vieit the several tribesin he commonwealth, and make inquiries into their condition. The commissioners were Messrs. F. W. Bird, Whi- tung Griswold and Cyrus Weekes. These gentle- men appear to have performed their duty with commendable zeal and diligence, and their report affords a very circumstantial account ef the pre- sent condition and wants of the scanty remaant of the aboriginal population which now lingers among wi 8. There are about 900 Indians now living in Mas- eachusetts. The statistics of all the tribes are given, with the exception of the Naticks, who are scattered over the commonwealth. Those num- bered ameunt to 897. Our readers will perhaps be surprised to learn that only six or eight of these are of pure blood; all the rest are what in South America are called Mestizos and Zamboes, a mix- ture of white and Indian, or of black and Indians. All live in tribes or separate communities, except the Naticks. as The Chappequiddic tribe dwelion a small island of thatname near Eagartown, Martha’s Vineyard. They are eighty-five in number, all healthy, and living mostly by agriculture. They are industrious and thriving, some ot them making improvements on their land from year to year. few go to sea, and some turn a good penny by selling blackber- nes at Nantucket. The commissioners say, “they are far in advance of any other tribe in the State In improvements in agriculture, and, indeed, in the arts and even eleganvies of social and domes- tic life.” “Nearly all live in good framed houses, most of them comfortably furnished, and many of them with their ‘spare room’ handsomely carpeted and adorned with pictures and curiosities colle Cte ed in the eastern and southe)n seas.” They have a school, attend church, and seldom or never go to law. There is, however, to tell the whele truth— a speck of law on the horizon; a great “cranberry case” at this moment threatens to puzzle the [n- dian big- wigs, but itis confidently hoped that this portentous thunder-cloud of litigation will be dis tipated by an amicable adjustment before it has time to discharge a bolt of discord into the bosom of the peaceful community of Chappequiddic, The Christiantown tribe dwell on the northwest- ern thore ot Martha’s Vineyard. They are 49 in Rumber, not so healthy as the Chappequiddics, nor quite equal to them in thrift, intelligence, and so- cial comfort. These, too, live by agriculture and the sea ; they are peaceable and contented in their ignorance. The Gay Head tribe live on the promontory of that n which forms the western extremity of Martha’s Vineyard. They amount to 174, ‘aad | do not differ much in condition from their neighbors of Christiantown. They hold their lands by pre- scription, and not by any title connected with statute la They drive a great trade in the cran- berry line, sometimes selling 300 bushels in a year. They Fo to the picking in regiments, each one get- tngallhe can. Their territory furnishes a pecu- har sort of clay, valuable for making alum, and other purposes; the divging of thisis another source of prefitto them. Their houses are generally of wood, but some are of stone. They have aschool, but no regular preaching. They are quiet and con- tented. : The Marshpee tribe pocuny.s spot on the south- em shore of Cape Cod, adjoining Sandwich and Barnstable. They are 805 in number. Most of them are farmers; some go tovea. They are be- hind all the preceding tribes in social condition, some living in wretched huts, and some going about begging. They are said, however, to have rather improved within the last twenty years. They have two schools, maintained by the State. The religious concerns of this tribe, are stated by the Commissioners to be in a bad way, owing to the creeping in of philosophy and vain conceit, or what they call sectarianism,” “ denomina- tionalism.” This we are sorry for; a Marshpee Indian ought to be above the quibbling scruyles of “ denominationalism ;” he should regard the vain ferghng, of sectaries and schismatics as the crack- ling of thorns under a pot, and leave the polemical grinding ef such “ fizenless bran” to the foolish palefaces. But the Commiseioners assure us that aconsiderable number of the Marshpee precisians refuge to listen to the spiritual outpourings of the Rev. Mr. Fish, not esteeming him to be up to the mark of denominational” orthodoxy. We hope better things ot Marshpee in future. The Herring Pond tribe live on the borders of Plymouth and Sandwich, Their numbers are 55. All live in comfortable houses, and their whole condition 18 superior to that of the Marshpee In- dians. They practice agriculture and go a- fishing; are quiet, industrious, temperate, and withal pro- foundly ignorant. : or The Fall River tribe reside within the limits of the town ef that name. This is a small tribe, numbering but 37 souls. They are very indolent and improvident, living from hand to mouth. The Dudley tribe live in the town of Webster; they number 48. These are the most degraded of all ‘the Indians in the State. Not more than hait live by work; the rest beg, and the women do worse. They have no schools, and no preaching ; but receive money yearly trom the State. ‘The Hassanamitco or Grafton tribe are found in Grafton, and smount to only 26. They are tart melting away, and will seon become extinct. The Punkapog tribe, in Canton and Stoughton, are only , 101n number; they have no land nor property of any kind, yet are industrious and temperate, and eupport themselves. The Yarmouth indians, 58 in number, live in the town of that name, and have | become go blended with the whites by intermar- riage #8 to have lost in a ihe degree their [Indian character, and they may be now considered = Tac. | tically as a part of the general population. They | are, of course, in good condition. The Naticks | are extine a tribe, and can only be found here | and there, The State pays for the support of the Tadians about twelve hundred dollars a year. Ae the [n- dians are not taxed, they are not allowed to vote at State elections; but none of them, we believe, meke any complaint of this. They dislike all connection with the town governments in their neighborhood, and the towns people equally dis- hke political connection with the Indians. The commissioners propose a scheme for Sbeorbity them into the community, which, we think, will find a tormidable obstacle in the mutual jealousy existing between the Indians and those with whom toey are expected to associate. Something, how- ever, may be done to improve the con- dition of these people, and we hope the atate- ments and views of the commissioners will re- ceive proper notice from the Legislature.—Buston Courter, March 15. Sineutar Discovery—Provipentiat.—The die covery of the letters impli zg the owners of the ehip Frank 1n in the design ot destroying that ship, 18 certainly ver remarkable—yea, providential— and most forcibly illustrates the doctrine of a spe- cial overreling providence in the affairs of this world, Why should the captain have preserved those lettere, to be swift witnesses against him and his employers? Why should that valise, con- thining them, have been washed go sateiy ashore? Why should 4 man have been on the beach just as the valire reached the shore, and without seeing the erticie, have drawn it out on casting his hook into the wate. % What kept those letters, placed in # valise, so exposed to the water, from bring entitely destroyed t And what induced the finder of them to take 80 much paive to save, dry, and reed them? The only rational answer to the whole is--that a wise and superintending Provi- dence presided over a'l, and brought these pur- poses of {rand and villany to light, asa warnag to others, wed an illustration of that truth so often preelaimed tothe recret sinner—* Be sure your tin will find you out.”—Bost .» Traveller, March 17. Coat For THE Paciric ano Transrr Traps.— The port of Camosack, tn Vaecouver’s (sland, with it excellent harbor, premises to become of great impo: tance asa port of retuge to ships trading alon: ihe western coast of America. The potato -cientitic interest, however, 1s the coal-tield of the norihe astern distaet, which 18 worked so near the curtace that the Cormorant steam-sluop was sup. ylied by the natives with 62 tons of coal within three days. Specimens of this coal have been ex- amined tor the admiralty, and altkough it yields a consider: ble per centage of «sh, itis not much in- terior to the coal of South Wales In addition to this, the coalfield of Chili is tound to preches a nel in many reepects not ioferior to the coal of Newenstle. These, and the more rescent disco- very of coal st Port Famine, ensure tne success of steemn navigation on the Pacific Ocean; and the mineral wealth of the whole of the Ameri vast, renging from Chili to California, with its vast trea- ures of copper (much of wareh ts already amelted iy Chri), lead, silver, and gold, will be reudered vaslat 2: for the wants of an increasing popula- jen, ond give rise, eventmally, to se gy eg awn tes #long the shores of the Western Ocean, Athewavm The Roston, Concord « Montreal Ratiroad, wart Lae A AAA ane Hae gy Sl Atay Pelice Intelligence. Committed for Trsut.—leaac A. Biggs, ene of the men arrested last week on ac! of sending threa- tening letters to Mr William B. Astor, in order to ex- tort $50,000, was examin: Saturday by his honor f $6,000 bail, was com- Aman by erda: the Mayor, and in default mitted to the Tombs for trial. Charge of False Pratenc Jai cu yeuen was me of arrant the ni on Lt Hurley, by falre and tations. The socused was detained for # further ¢: Charge of % tening cailing him: im Ellsworth, ali ton, was arrested, . by Captain Boudinot, on a charge of sending a threatening letter to Mr. Bali, of the firm of Ball, Tompkina& Black, jewellers, in Broad- way. demanding from Mr. Bali $26, or he wonld expose him in some matter of which Mr. Ball was ignorant. It appears that several charges of fraud are Gh psy this young man = Jurtiee Lothrop committed the ac cured for a further hearing. Before Justice Lothrop.—The effects of St. Patriok’s day were very vitible at the police court yester- dey morning, a8 a crowd of prisoners graced the bemcbes im the court room, ene: of a et of human beings such as are rarely huddled together at one time. The heads of those prison- ers were ornamented with black eyes, cut lips, bruised faves, very considerably variegated with blood, dried on in patches and str apd the winking of the vyes through the red spots of dried blood gave them a very comical although horrid appearance. The first prison er called up for judgement from the motley group, was athin faced Irish woman, with weak eyes, holding in ber armsan infant or about six months old. She gave the name of Julia Morirtar, The charge was made for Livings on the charg Macistxatx—Julis, you ought to be ashamed of yourself to be brought here on such a charge; # mo- ther, too, of a child. Jvita— Indeed, your honor, I’mthe mother of five is the youngert. I wasn’t drunk, j Iwas only just keeping up St. Patrick's Macistrate—But your husband s you are d interfere with him at his work, and ne- Bieot your family. Jutta- doesn’t do it, Judge; nd he knows it; he go that’s what he dove Macuraate—And well be may, if you get drunk. IfI had adruvken wife [ should abandon her alto- but if you will promise me not to taste liquor nor get drunk any more, I will let you go this time if you wiligo home and take good care fob A family; but ifyou are brought before me again, | shall then commit you to prison. Julia then promised not to drink any more, and Upon these conditions, she was allowed to depart. Catharine Kane was next called. This prisoner looked rather biue, as the effeots of the liquor were still in operation. She wae likewise charged by ber hus band with being drunk the night previous. The same les was put in—St. Patrick’s Day—and the Judge let er go. =-The next was rather s funny looking Irish woman, called Mary Ann Graham. She came up tothe bar with a smile, and said: ‘ Judge, | know | took a little drap last night, and it got right into my head; I wont friend with my cousin, being, ‘ell, but,” sai het tnt off and doesn’t provide . Patrick’s Day.” ‘] see you all put in as Day very seber, moral Saint, and J a1 encourage intoxication; therefor ought; and if! goon at this rat to discharge all under the the promise that you will Patrick’s Da: St. Patrick ire he would I don’t belie I shall be compelled me excuse. Mary, upen p sober until next St. Pe. will let you go.”’ “ Indeed, and [ will.” d off she started out of court, emid the the other prisoners A ik fellow was next called, by the name of Pete Willams. who was charged with Beles drunk aud dis- orderly tl ight before. Pete. on being asked by the magistrate why be got drunk, thought he would adopt the story that appeared to succeed with the former risoners, eatd: “Oh, your honor, I was just keep- E jt Patriok’s Day alittle.” taate—You, you black rascal—you talk about ki oP St Patrick’s pe What do you know about that glorious Saint? (Laughter) Necro— Well, don’t you thiak I knows as mueh about dat saint as do Irishwomen? [| guess | does (Laughter in court, by all haads.) The negro then res down his head, and went Yah! yah! yah! dates fact Macistrate—Yes, I guess all the saints you know are of rathers black mixture J cannot think of let- ting you pass under that pretext, although you have made. to be sure, @ pretty good attempt. | shall o-m- mit you to pricon for five days, in order that you may remember St. Patrick’s Day. (Laughter) lake bim down cfficer, and away went the poor negro, grinning ‘at thore ip court as he paseed. The Magistrate then called the name of Nathan Lampman; erd up roses monstrous big man, stand- ing near eight fe on coming towards the benoh. mers completely in the shad giants, out on a apres, al keeping up St. Patric! It was whispered around that be was ll keeping up the honeymoon, that, having been married by a magistrate, gave him a taste for the police court. This prisoner quite astonished the magirtrate, as he was, beyord a douht. the bi prisoner the court hau witnessed for some tii ainst the giant was made by qui ing little by the name of Joha Tyghn, who, when song human monster, soarovly reached his hole. The comp! being much cut and bri ood. eaid he ye, with the giant, the might previous, rome uispute arose between them, respecting the blessed faint whose memory they were Kevping, when the Jant struo! we and knocked him down, inflicting the injarie: teen. Macitaate— Why, Lempman,s man of your sise and strength ought net to strike a little men like that What have you got to tay avout it? Giant— Judge, | never struck a man im my life, and if I had struck this little chap, he never would have been found again, (laughter); all | have to say. is that this little man was very saucy, and the iwudiord wanted me to put him out,so! just took him gentiy by the rear part of his pentaloons and gave bim alittle lift inte the street, and that’s ail | did, (Laughter.) Macistuate—Yes, but you pormibly was not aware of your own eirength, as it seeme he was thrown up s0 high that when be landed down jellom his face, aud thus received those injuries (Laughter.) After the igated. the magistrate die- the promise that he would ) xt St. Patrick's dw tre quite 60 much strength the next time he under- took to remove a email manfroms porterhoure The giant grinne d the losfer’s laughed, as the monster Wan strided outof the courtreem [he other prisonurs, who were ef »o account taoever, were disposed of, some to the penitentiary, and others te che city prison. Tre Garat Land Case at New Onteans.—U S. Distaicr Count- Judge M Caleb.—The great land care of John MoDonogh vs the United States, came up today. The suit for 120,000 arpenta, ich be one Donaldson; tne land hav- ranted by Don Juan Ventura Moraier, then the Ddant General of the provinces of Lcuisiana and West Florida. on applicationof Don Geronimo La Chiapella in October, 1803 which was ratified by the king of Spain the said lsuds lying and being in the province of Weat Florida, between the Amite and Pascagoula rivers.— N. 0, Picayune, March 10 claims by @ purchase ing been originall Pansion Laws. —Among the documents ordered to be printed by the last Congress, was one em- bracing the pension laws now in force, together | with certasa regulations touching the subject. Ag | itis one of pretty general interest, we have taken the trouble to prepare a briet abstract of the more important features of these laws, which 1s 1n sub- siunce as tollows ' betwntiati claim, all evidence aball be taken | » oath oF aflirmation. before the jadze of the district, | oY One Of the judges of the State or territory in which be claimant rerides, or before rome person epectally authorised by commirsion from raid judge Penrioners in States and territories where there are no pension agentes, are to be paid at the seat of go- wrement. Voluntee: sicned P disabled {m the service are to be pem- ed to all officers who served to the ry warin the coutinentn| entitled to reo ased pensioner werved six bane of offlasrs wnd roldiers of the feveibles, sod volunteers who bare “ haif pay. are # lowed pen- sone for the time t bey remalo anmearried The brothers and of deceased soldiers of the Mexican war are entitled ro the land which weald pave been einimed by the roldier it living ‘ Soldiers of the war of 1812. mny select new land if be fires warrants were located on land unit for culti- vation. “Tevailde of the navy are allowed pensions Five years’ pensions, amounting to half the monthly pay to which the decenred was entitied at the time of hia death are allowed to widows wad children of navy pinion in service = The same ts trae wih regard one fini in the pavel rervice, including men, engineers, firemen, aod goal heavers Inthe document there are a great many techni- eal regulations, tor which we capoot fad room, but we may venture to saygest, that all persous milivta ranger died since 1818 are entitied to five y ‘The widows of revolutionary «Mee who feel op interestin the penton laws may ob- ain a copy of the document by addressing « mem- er ct Congress, or by epplyiug to the Secretaries ) War avd Novy, or of the tome Department— We shingtos Onion March V7 © he President end Salte, wed aiter, eft Vecou lune, Me 4 avdid aad Ne Movements of t tad mr went as oOu- va, of a J Serming, to seyae aly Folk at Commune eee Tue. a eyed Affairs. ‘ne Case or Suir Faanxuin.—T) John W. Crafts, obarged with conspiracy wine sence W. Wilson to destroy the ship Franklin, to the injury of the underwriters, was continued in the afternson, After the testimony of Duffy was complet § Gen Joun 8. Trien wascalled —The three premium icy notes being shown to him, he testified :—I know ese three po jj I recognise them apparently as in my presence for three policies | effected Mr. Crafte write his name et P' ed it im my presence. P yesterday.) By comparie ay W.C. on the second letter, were written by Mr. rai Cros: bis initial: Mr. D. cross-examined—The abovi the papers contained in the valise; t! handed to Mr me of the papers were signed W. Crafte,” “J ‘ilson ? Capt. Geonce M:Lane, & colonial shipmaster, one ot the parsesgers, testified that he had passed am exami- ration as ® master mariner at Lloyd’s; at noon on the 28th of February, the dey before the wreck, the captain tcok am obrervation; the weather was beautiful; that | night it was fair weather; I could see the stars in the heavens; immediately after the first amehor was let go, the mate called me on deck; there was no wind, but a beavy ground swell, which broke over the fore part of the ship; in reply to the mate, | said [ was sen- tible rhe was dragging, we heard the suzf plain on the beach; bearked if | did mot think it advisable to let xo the anchor; I raid yes, but advised him to ask the oap'ain firet; he did 00, but the snohor was not let 9; my own opinion was, that there was not more than 18 cr 40 fathoms of chain out; tl about half-past 4; it wan about half past 6 when sho struck; it was dimoult to tell her striking from the shook of the swell striking her, the sea took her so heavy over the o ter; the captain was on deck pretty much all I founc four fa‘hous water with the thes erm; I asked the captain how the position the ship wan in; he evaded the question; or at least [did not anders did say; I th noon was not good, observation ne I tributed ic to variations, ; he said. you know said, * Yee. it was as good in my life ; Orders were, given to hoist tepsails, to man. the wind/asr, get the boats out, and cut the maste; captain expressed tre opinion that wt lands of Cape C {ter the masts were cut away, | felt the first sensible bump It lifted the rudder, and the houre over it, and tore the rudder case right out of the captain, who bad been below a few minutes, 1B up On deck; he still thought it was not high water, and if the ebip would only hold om till noon, thers would be a chance for us; I told him soon after that she began to work, and « crew, and that he must be in error about the tide; I told » passenger the day before, from my own general calculation, that we could not be more than sixty or seventy miles from Boston light; 1 bad a chronometer of my own, [Captain McLane’s description of the breaking up of the ehip, swamping of boats, drowning of the captain, and all who weie with him, was the same substantially as Duffy's). In reply to questions put to him ase nautical man, the captain gave the following opinion as to the ma- nagement of the sbip in the dreadful emergem think the captain erred in not letting go both when he found bnt seven fathoms w esisg yr forty to fifty fathoms chal: ‘ag from seven to four fathoms with one anchor was an error very gross; at four fathoms, when there was ne hope, | should have slipped the chains and let ber go bow on to save life; the short scope iid excite surprise in my mind; saving her but by more scope; at last more scope was jen to the second anchor. but it was on the wrong , and was am injury in her position; it is my opi- from what I ¢: nd it is also the epinion that if she more scope when in fathoms she would bave held on; from the first, [ no opportunity of saving her but by letting go the cond enchor, and giving more ch: it was the only course; the Cape light was only miles weet, On the crors-examimation, Capt. MoLane stated that there was a coldness between him and the captain, bs- cause the latter had said something about him and one ef the female passengers They had not conversed Serine for three weeks before the morning ofthe wre! At half-pact eleven this forenoon, the examination was continued. Exenezen Davis, recalled.—A chart was shown wit- nese, and he pointed out the locality of the wreck, (a Baircw spot, near Wellfleet); could get soundings of the Cape for fourteen miles; if the ship was twenty miles out of its souree, 1t would make from quarter to balf @ point difference tn the captain’s ealculations; on s fair. clear day. with » good chance for observation, the cap'atn of arhip ought not to make an error of more than one mile, if ne hed well adjusted onro- pometerr, he ought to get his longitude within five or ten miles; (there wore Sve chronometers on board; as to the venrrl being carried to the place of wi there is & prevailing southerly captain ought to know it; if Hig! at midnight, the vessel should steer farthes north, there would be uo difficulty in standing off wth a three or six knot brer t much acquainted itis sandy bottom, ; im a@ three knot breeze y or fifty fathoms of chain would hold the chip; { id was runaing in, eighteen or twoaty fathoms would pot hold ber, if the ship was draggin; twenty fathoms chain, should give her more; every i now ii oming on this shore at in heard, it would be hors ; and in not ; allowing her to e gave her saw mo chance of 8 could tell by objects on ti Wm W. Ross— A note was shown to witness; recog: nize it as the hecdwriting of James W Wileon; a letter written by Wilson was then shown for the pur- pore of identification; bie testimony was objected to yy Mr. Sokier, and he was withdrawn. Captein Staxwoow—Have seen James W. Wilson; am acquainted with his handwriting; have reevived letters from him; (® note was shown to witness ecgnized the niguatore of this note as his; (a was show: 3) re letter the body of the leiter is in Wilson's am not certain as to the signature; it reremblen his writing The letter was then pat in by the District Attorney, and 1s as follows, verbatim et Hiteretin :— “Boston, Mareh 22, 1848. “Capt Smith, of ehip Franklin Hont Dr Sir:—I rite you Tham in trubli [could not on the a Count trabis in id Mr John W Crafts saye: if t get the muney to pay the notes as the Com dough that hee Will Bee tromest (forced) to sele tne sbip on har Return home sow you sigh (see) What | Dave to depend one Ihave got it $15000 on the ship and sitt $6000 fright money $2400 one your outfete wWiCh makes 23400 Dear Sir if you Caan mack « Sele) ow Ycur Return | Will give you What I promust; alsou you Will bi & new vessel of good Clase ic w.li Enedt me to pay of ai) and have @ good supress (surpius, probebly) to Bee gin with if you daunt make @ 3uie | Dount now What | shall Doue the not (note) Dough onthe]2is not payed yout and the next in three mon‘hs after thet the aii Com dough and now mines (probebiy money to pay them.) Mr A Dene will not Wate one mount for the pay hee pressis Mr Crafts oap to the verey letter of the law if hee des not pay tas note the will sell the ehip one your Returne at What Ever shee me Bring You had Beter get your elt a Beut ip baver (Havre) for fine (fear) shugh Eney thing hapen om your Returne Mr Crafts Will Rite # leter and rend you a leter of Credet te pasch (purch Joad of Sait for yous Retur: wine $= Dersir | hop that all Will Bee you and [ vhude liek [ now that you ar Dry frend tothe Jeter no mer (no more) But Remende your friend JW Witsow PS Der Sir John W Crafts sends out » Drafts for 10000 Franks wich is about $2400 WiCh will leve you @ bout thuscam dollar to pay your desbd n«nts (disburrewents) [hop you WIl pay the Draft With ovt frelisva Much—— from JW Wittsow ‘The following is the direction of the let! for Capten Smith of ship trem to Bee Returned home if he fn Mr Ranto Mr. Sonex objected, and wished to go further into the examiuetion M. Rantovun contended that he had offered suff- cient evidence in the letter which he had put in, signed fi \r. Senin responded, He urged thet the postsoript te this teller. tn whien the hope is expresved (hat Capt. Smith's journey from Wilmington to Lond+na should not exceed forty eight “owers,” was in a different bandwriting, and further, thet * owers,”” might moan Gaye ae weil os boure Mr Ranrovn repiied, that if “owers’’ did mot st tor bourr, it certainly did mot for days, He thought a phomegraphio expert would decide in favor of his in- 1 18 befe: an rere by others to rteer mere northerly ja Lot see (be re abe airuck; | did Jaman & jed—I ateered till two o'closk, W by N War going four knots; the Nght was xeou perfectly, and appeared to be about sourh; heard + about Two o'aiook, but first thought it was « rewmboat , (he captain rounded, and | heard ofa way there wae plepty of water, be did not appsar to bink we were near breakers, “About three o'cwok | tw & beavy brenker, and reported it to the captain; he ordered the heim to be put up The breaker wae on the larbowrd tack; the wind was off the land We had the ‘arbeard teeke om beard at the time, The waten Wee Dot called vali the enchor was drepped: fe Ded owly thrown (be lead three times when he ordered ‘ha snchor down, probably five minutes hetweon each Ime; about eigh home chain was let out Commissioner Woouncay remarked that there was evidence of etther grer® ernio atten pt fo eart the abip ma fwcin care bad heen made out im thir reepect; a4 to the ao ued. be bad carefully compared the portorips whieh +anged by the defence to be in @ differeat bh wtirg, ard from the simiarity of repelling ko tocught i frem the seme band Ha was of opiuion thet efficient bad been showm for bim to send the core te the Grand Jury, «bioh he should aovurding y ©. He (ten orgered the accused to give bail im $2) 000 Cr DE mppearawce (0 aoswer at the next lorm of the The witrere a Vda ce @ appear, Loosen Troveiien, Merthit, ‘The Tariff of 1842, and Mr. Clay. Asntanp, th Oct., 1846. I received om kind and obliging let- numbers of the Times, referred to ia bject of the cpinions | had expressed in ead valorem principle, Im ite appltestion nkful for the frie: for the success with which you have accomplished th: object. At the same time, | must own that feeling proud consciousness of reetitude in all my public acta, sm, perhaps, too indifferent to the perversio mirrepresentations of them, to which they to be exposed, I propored and sustained the Compromise Act in the most perfect cod faith. During the entire time I ro Congress, after its passage, posed Violations of it. ‘The resolutions [ ‘Stored in the Se- nate, in 1842, contemplated and were founded upon the principles of that act. But one of its provisions ts gitar Gh year ae there should be nee foreign valuation of goods, wares, a merchandise. Without that provision, | know that the Compromiee Act never could have passed. Mr. Calboun, however, and other partisans of free trade, opposed the home valuation, on the ind, as they assumed. that it was ‘Unconstitutional and im- Practicable. | believed neither, and thought that the ae of Mr Simmons, of Rhode Isl: + offered to jhe Sepate jn 1842, and in regard to which he and [ were in frequent and friendly consultation, was both practicable and constitutional * When I saw that the principle of home valuation— one of the great b ieeoty ot the Compromise Act—was to be epposed and could not be enforced, | felt myself absolved from all obligation to abide by that act. Hence I was glad thatthe tariff ef 1842 passed ; and during the Presidential canvass of 1844, | expressed publicly the opinion that it ought to be maintained without alteration. The difference between a home and a fereign valua- tion may be illustrated by the req: nite of the la’ of the State of Virginia, as { understand them to be. You value ot mecaeey OF respecta- When asssessed, ertain tax, or rate of per centage, pre- Legislatu: The assessors have no in- toa iwble to the tex. su mt by citizens of Virginia, ppoee. you were to require made by foreigners, paying no part of your nd directly interested in making them as low as porsible, what chance would there be for an a quate State revenue? Congress fixes the rate of dat upon the ed valorem principle, to be paid on the impor- tation of foreign goods, wares amd merchandise. But thi ¢ is to be collected on the value of the goods, wares and merchandiee. And who fixes that? in- voice, Now, the foreign merchant, or imperter of fo- Teign goods, is direotly and deeply interested in invoi- ciug at the lowest possible rate at whieh he can get them entered at the Custom House. ‘The power of taxation, on foreign goods, embraces two objects—Iat, the duty to be paid; and Sndly, the value ef the article on which that duty ie to be levied. Congrers has exercised the first; the maker of the in- voice. in effect, exercises the second. Hence, | once said in Congress, that the power of fixing the value, exert- ed inthe foreign invoice, might be more than equiva- lent to the power of fixing the rate of duty, exerted by Congrets; and that the fixation of values in foreign countries was | ting upon the people of this eoun- try. And itis irresponsible and degrading | latien than existed during our colon: was by a foreign government p: acting, possibly, in the face of the world. ay be by any fraudulent foreign merchant, act- iug privately, and without any effleient responsibility. Ent. eining these views, you were perfectly right in arsuming that the only valuation that | ever favor- ed war, not only not the foreign invoice, but a home valuation. made under the authority of our own lawe, by competent persons, amenable directly to our own government. All this is written, my dear sir, hastily and without revisal, for your own satiefaction, anda far from any purpose of presenting my name to the pablio { 1 you to accept assuranees of the cordial re- t, H. CLAY. * Note.—Some of our readers may not remember that the bill of Mr. Simmons, allnd:d to by Mr. Clay, was based on tho princi- plo of fixing the value of each imported article in t Itaslf, end aseessinx @ moderate ad valorem duty on thatvalne, By this plan, the protection afforved by the tariff would havo serres: the eardinal quality of stability, whilst tne valuatona id, in all cess, have beon as nearly as possible accurate, and the duties not designedly prohihitory. Movements Gowards California. Advices from the members of the Island City Mioing Association, that sailed in the bark Mara, Jonuary 80, 1849, inatituted by Messrs Millward & Dayton, were received at this office yesterday morniog, by express, Feberuary 25, 1349. They are ell well, and in good spirits, after a passage of twenty-four days, and they were to start on their route on the 27th, via City of Mexico, Mazatlan, and San Francisco. Annexed is a letter from one of the party :— Ww. C. Carrinaton, Esq. Vena Cauz, February 25, 1849. Cononst. Datx,—We have arrived here at last, after @ most tedious and unpleasant passage of tweaty-four days In the first place, we had contrary winds most all me time, andin the second, w half starved te cent ‘era Cros is unlike anything I know, or I ha seen or heard of The houres are all, without crption. two stories high, cover about an acre of ground. aud have each cupalo on top;the wails ate abou four f ot thick, and every one of them is more er less damaged by General Scott's visit. The Tombs. wits aboutiorty holes through h side and the corners knocked off. will give, I know, @ good idea of the looks ot the place. There are hundreds of cannon balla lying stout the streets, and the boys are using them in me with rome outisndish name to it. that I eannot pronounce it. The streets here are Hor, and are kept co by thourmnds of turkey bu: sbout the streets like so many chick corn yard, as there is @ fine of ten doliara for k ofihem. {[t Js carnivaltine here just now, an you have wo idea of how jolly all the people are. The ridewaika are crowded with masks of both xexea, dressed in every oonceivablestyle youcen thiuk of, andjabbure inj 4 la ghing, as ifthey were allcrasy. There are fandango houses in every street, free fur everybody, ond we ere enjoying ourselves first rate. after sesing such bard times at rea We expect to start the day after to-morrow, about forty strong I bav+ gotim vith Meeers Millward & Dayton’s company, think ng it the beet. and they were all glad to get me There bave shout two,thousend gone through this way, withim two or three weeks past, which has raised the prices of borees and mules from $15 and $20 to about $50 to $60. We are all well and in good spirits. I will write acain, as roon as | can send @ letter safe; until then, a good bye. VIRGINIA. > Members of the Pacifie Mining and Trading Company, bound for San Francieco, California, on board of the ship Mariana, at Richmond :— Joreph P. Jones, President; Charles H. Went. A.S. Boyd Wilitam Gravatt, John B. Richardson, Joba G. Oldrer, Directors and Supercargoes; Jaooh R. Shafer, Treasvrer; Dr. George C, Tyler, Surgeon; Dr Thomas T. Cabeness, 2d aeristant; Rev. A. P. Hooke Chapisin; William J Wiilie, Secretary pro tem.; George 8. Lowner, commander; Captain James Hyatt, Ist offloer; James Simpron, 2d do.; Martin Cogoran, 8d do; Thi mas A Fourgvaine. RC. Jadkins, C.C. William~ ton E A Barziza,P J. Barziza,jan.& © Belfeld, W Drake. Thempsom T. Bryant, W.H Cole,C J. Miller © J. Mishie Jo J| Newmaa, Joha Mutter, Dr. JB Bloyd, A. M. Rone, W. R. Lugh, George W. Smith, ter Dickinson, S$. O Wright, Jacob arger. George W Tayicr. H Briggs, ly, Uptom E, Hardy, W. L. Williams, W: Enroughty, W. Hl Manlove, Johw R Boyd, PF, Gafford, Philip Rainey. jr,C J Field, PB. Moody, Thomas O. Doswell, John Osborne, Joby M, Rowan, W 8, Bacon A, E. Hendree, G H. H Adair J. L, Kitham. Jobn R, Read, James 8. Mapp, R, A.¢ larke, Erasmus Rhodes. Abney Rhodes, C! 5 R Ayres Wm H. Green, W. F. Phillips, Wm. A Car- ter Themas Hall J. B Sydner, Ransom Paters, J C. Marrball,C.G@ Clark W. D. Bell, Jono Walker, Ws V.. Hull, Morgan Slaven, Joba G Slaven James D. Vaughan, Calven Liproomb. Bernard Markham War. Markbam. John Lambert. John M,. Eanis, (orga Cyoremore, Thomas H Killam, William 4. Johosom, m M Dovval, Peter Cottrell, J. F Cottrell Erarmua Pittman, James Hennetty, Wm. Worthington, James M. Garnett, M. Giannini. Charles Betts. Fre trick 3, Taylor. A b. Heiskill, Powhatan T, Jonen Barrett T Fox, James H Tanner. R. M ,R H_ Lawrence, JT Miffart. Vr. Vernon, T. J. M Smith J. & Clarke, 7. J, Cham bites, Dr, J, M, Jones Charles Loomis, W J Kimbrough, Johm Blackwell, H ©. Land, John H. Finney R J Hudron. John Coleman, Charles Cole wae. members |W. F. Schermehora, Ro. Bishops Joseph Kern, passengere,— Total, 118, NA arty of Mississippiane, from Natehez and demir nbnt: left yesterday, on the steamship Palmetto, for Lavaca, Texas, on their wy to the weld regi a Mr. Halliday, favorably knowa in Miseimipei, through his long connectivn with the Natchez Fiee Trader, is of the party. It comprises: about forty gentlemen of the right stamy.—N. O. Crescent, March 10. Guarewata —Armvals from Gaatemala bring deploreble secounre of the state of that recublic, It was not enough that it should be deaolsted by & civi! war between the two parties of the dominant race; the Indians have taken advantage of the circumstance to commence a ruthless aad exter minetng War against their oporessors. Many towne have been sacked and burned, the womea violoted, and young and old deatroyed with brutal, ferocity. The war ia much like that which has ravaged Yucatan, but the proportion of fadians to the Spanish population is larger, and their fust- nesses are more inaccessible Water Derictent at Baxcor, Mame —The Eanger, (Me ) Whrgand Conrer of the 16th inst» saver We learn that the water in the streams anc brooks in thie region is very low The paper malls, end many others upon the small streams, have been hung np toreeveral weeks. he tormereant owers np the river are onegea te paul water [Or dene cattie, aud tor domestic purport