The New York Herald Newspaper, November 13, 1848, Page 1

| | | = NO. 5276. ASPECT OF AFFAIRS ON THE GTHER SIDE OF THE ATLANTIC. Special Correspondence oF THE NEW YORK HERALD. ke, ke. be, Our French Oorrespondnee, Panis, Oct, 22, 1848. Congé of Lamartine. M. Lamartne has teave of absence from the &ssembly, and has retired for a season to Macon, the home ‘of his youth, He was welcomed in the most cordial manner, and his reply to the address of the Mayor shows how much his spirit is lace- rated by the treatment he has received, and the suspictons to which his character has been sub- jected, and how ardently he appreciates the con. wtancy and endearing attachment of the friends of fie youth. He says, that having been raised to power by aterrent of public opinion, and having ‘conducted the tornado in its onward progress for Ahree months, by which a monarchy has been con. verted into a republic, and havi ain quit the ‘thelm of State, he is able again inh faingte with the ‘ople—to prees the hand of the laborer and the mble, without one familys being able todemand ‘of him an account for one tear that has been shed. one impiisonment, one violence, one abuse o} power, or one drop of blood! —Thia ia the glory of (Lamartme—and 1t is a glory that 18 and will be of ammortality, A French revolution, and thereafter, for the first three months, not one drop of blood, ‘nor one imprisonment, nor one violence, nor one abuse of power, nor one tear of grief! this will mmmoitalize his name as a benefactor to France, and to Europe, He might have added, that he has confuered the war spirit in Europe, or achiev- eda victory over it, which has endured for nine montha, amidst a convu'sion of revolutions and ‘upheavings of the sprit of man. Yes, Lamartine, up to this time, has conquered the European war im that syeech. made to the 20,000 who called for hie head the third day of the revolution, in which he told them that he wished each one of them had it on his shoulders, and in which he told them further, that he would allow it to part from his own shoulders, sooner than to give up the tri- colored flag, and_adopt that of the red. He con- quered the war fever in KXurope, and gave a gua- rantee of peace, the influence of which atill 18 in the ascendancy, in the counsels of all the courts in Europe. The spirit of rivalry may, for a mo- ment, throw Lamartine into the shade; but the splendor of his name, and of his deeds, cannot be ured from the present or future generations. He was the man for his hour, as Cavaignac 18 the man for his. The task of the former was the more dazzling, that of the latter the more terri- ble. Both had their great work to dc, and few men, in my opinion, could have done it better. Lamartine has been invited to spend a part of his time at Bordeaux, but has declined, it it said, giv- ing, a¢ a reason, that it might be attributed toa desare to promote his election as President of the republic; and that, under all circumstances, he shall decline beyng a candidate. This latter I do not eredit, at present; for I think his own course, and that of his press, the Bien Public, has been directed towards that point recently; and only last week, Bum Public announced that it was not for La- martine to make himself a candidate, nor to de- cline to gerve France, im any position in which she might call him. This was said in reference to the Presidential question, and in answer to the dis cussion, in some portion of the press, as to whether he would or would not be a candidate; but since the mm: difieation of the ministry, it ap- pears, most probable, that the Right will concen- trate their forces upon General Cavaignac, and they have the force necessary to elect him, if they exert itunitedly. The Left is losing ground every day, and the Right is coming in, more fully and earnestly, to the support of the republic. Panis, October 23, 1843, Another Speeoh of M. Thaers—The Presidency, &c M. Thiers has made another extraordinary dis. Pay of his oratorial powers and his historic knowledge. He 1s the Henry Clay of the Assem bly, in tact and indebate. The commission upon the constitution had reported a provision inter. dicting substitutes in the army, and requiring the sons of all families to take their chance to do per- sonal service in the army. This provision was suprorted ardently by Gen. Lamoriciere, minister of war, but the ministry itself stood aloof from the question. The ground assumed by M. Thiers was, that such a provision would ruin the army, and ereate insubordination in the country, and dissa- tiefaction with the republic. He denied that Frenchmen were heroic soldiers, though he admit- ted their aptitude; but he declared seven years ser- vice necessary to make an army what it should be—one that would fight one day as well as ano- ther—in the retreat as well as in the advance— that could go without provisions and sleep and Test, and still do battle every day—that would have RO opinion of its own, in contradiction to that of | ite officers—that would fight in the marshes as wellas upon favorable ground; and that would give the finishing blow to a battle and a victory, and, if neceeeary, march and fight again the next day — He said Nupoleon remarked, in speaking of the youth of his army at Wagram, that had they been the army of Austerlitz, nothing would have been lett, after that day, to the Austrian empire. He referred to the difference in the condition and tastes of young men of edneation and means, and e peasantry of France; that the former had neither the taste nor the strength, frequently, to serve inthe army as common soldiers; while the latter had both, and to them even, the army was a school ofeducation and promotion; that, Prussia excepted, only uncivilized countries required the pereonal cervice, and refused substitutes; and.that throughout the time of Napoleon, and alter the Re- volution of 1789, substitutes had always been re- ecived; that it was just and equal, and didnot invade the liberty of the citizen. These views, toa certain extent, were contested by the minister of war. who ought to understand the matter better than M. Thiers; but the Asxembly voted, 5 or 6 to 1, to strike out the provision interdicting substitutes, thereby adopting the conclusions to which M. Thiers ar- rived; and it seems to me that the viewa of M. Thiers ought to have prevailed, and that the idea of forcing every man into the army, and thereby necessarily excluding many of those who Itke that situation, and retaining those whose condition and education unfit them for common soldiers, is neither wise nor just. A committee has been named to facilitate the admission of strangers to the Assembly. This 1s certainly a good measure, r admissions have been obtained only with great difficulty w consiructe: the public. The Socialists, I think, have decided to support Raepail tor the Presidency, throughout France.— He 1s still in the dungeon, though elected Repre- gentative ; and although he has been there since ISH. he has not been examined ortried. This looks like severity to us—to Americans—bnt this 1s Freach manners in such matters, Should the party in France unite upon him, and the laboring people of the country support him, he will receive an imposing vote; and unless the majority uaites, he will or may be the highest candidate; and then, notwithetanding the constitution. provides that the Assembly may select one of the five highest candi- dates, the party of Raspail will insist upon his election, or npon his taking possession of the Preridency without an election, should the Assemn- bly refuse to elect him. The French care nothing for constitviona or forms. It 1s force and the bayonet that govern France for the, present, aad met govern it, ina great measure, for some time te come, under any form of government. By de- grees, public opinion and public edneation will modily this state of things. Lamartine bought hig peace and that of the country for three months, but the whirlwind came and overthrew him, and left terrible legacy to his snecessor. Panis, Oct. 20, 1348. State of Svege—The Futher of General Cavaignac, and Mile. Labarrdére and her Pather. The state of siege 1s rained, by a numerous vote ef the Assembly. The report of the commis- sioners shows that it was done upon the recom- mendation of the government, and upon thew reaponeibility, This subject of discord is, then, removed; but others will rise up, to try the force of the new Ministry. Forty-three Representatives of the Le{t have issned an. imfammatory address to the people, healed by MM, Lamennaie and Ledru that there %& very little room left for to this time; but the building 13 80 | | generous character. Rollin--a emall number, certaimly, for the re- | republic and socialists together. What they want, other than civil war, is not easily understood, ex- cept it he power, which 18 always the case with a Frereh politician. Political power and the theatre are both meat and drink to a Frenchman, For these he will fight, go hungry, and sleep in the streete—which, by the way, in Paris, in the summer, is pretty goed lodging. M. Lamennais is a Catholic priest, elected from Paris. during the firetelection. He 1s a violent agitator, and his paper has been euppressed. Sometime since, General Caveignac, in a casnal allusion to the French Convention, spoke of his father, as having been of the number of its mem- bere, whore memory he was happy to cherish, or something to that effect; and thereupon the le- gitimists came ont with a terrific: attack upon the memory of his father, who voted, in fact, for the condemnation of Louis XVI; and they have heen followed upby the Press,Emilede Geraudin, with a degree of virulence, which proves that he does not 1elich his eleven days of imprisonment, and the suspension of his Press--and that, had he the materials, he would assail the character of the son, as be has that of the father The charge against the father ie, that he was a bloodthirsty monster, and that he sacrificed the honor of Mdile. Labarrére, upon a promise,in consideration thereof, to save the life ot her father; but that he did not thereafter redeem his promise, but al- lowed the father to be led to the scaffold. But the old men pad women ih tDes day—a few of whom are alive-—-have established two inte, “vs m= portant. The first 18, that the hodur oF the daughter was never sacrificed; and second, that Colonel Cavaignac had ne part or lot in bringing the father to the scaffold. Chere happens to hea number of the committee now living—more than oe hens old. A_rovalist in these davs, anda decided opponent to Cavaignac and his triends,who. gat upon the committee that investigated the causes of the death of M. Labarriere, and brouzht the anthors of.it to punishment, his given the public an interresting account of the facts developed, and ef those pronounced guilty and innocent, among the latter of whom is Col. Ca- vaignac. This old Conventionist says, that the mission of Col. Cavaignac wasa difficult one; that he had terrific duties as an ¢fficer to perform. but that the examination showed that he softened the violence of his mission, by failing to execute the orders given him, according to their import; and that the committee fonnd nothing to object to in his eonduet. To-day the Patria contains a letter frem one who was upon the spot when M. Labar- riere was executed, giving atull history of the act; showing that Col. Cavaignac had nothing to do with it, but wae ightingin Spain when it occurred. It appears that M. Labarriere was a Baron and Prevot, and that he was arrested on account of a letter he had written ; that as soon as he was in prison, Ne proved himee!f with a vial of porson, to be used if he found it necessary ; but that he was seized £0 suddenly and unexpectedly to be carried before his judges, thathe had no oppor- tunity to take it; and that it was but half an hour from the time he was taken from prison till he was beheaded, including his examination. Penet, a Representative, was the presiding genins at these sacr fices, and the Judge. He was condemned by the Commission before referred to. M. Labar- riere, was one of eight victims that were beheaded at Dax, during the reign ot terror in France. Thank God, there is sufficient intelligence and calmness now in France, to hold in check alt the fanatics, and to save the repetition of such scenes. We have received news from Boston to the 4th of October, but all the papers fram New York are wanting, We have no news of the progress of the Presidential election, further than one of the French journals says, that the friends of General Taylor and Clay have united ; and therefore it is thought that the former unites the greatest num- her of chances. But, notwithstanding, T am sus- picious that another General will win the race. Parts, Oct. 21, 1848. Remplacements—Mimster of War Defeated— Spcral Envoy—Austria-- The Press—Presudency —Sword to General Cavargnac—New Depu- tation. The question of substitutes, called remplace- ments, nm the French army, has caused great agi- tation in France, Hitherto thev have been al- lowed; but the first draught of the constitution provided that there remplacements should no longer exist; and all the young men in France who do not want to go into the army, were in a lively state of agitation. It is in contemplation to take only the single men, between eighteen anid thirty- five; and, therenpon, ‘a question arises between gettimg married and going into the army; and many say they would rather go into the army than get married. But yerterday the Assembiy over- threw the measure, and with it, almost the Minis- ter of War, General Lamoriciere, who is much opposed to the system of remplacements. ‘The vote wes two to one against the project of the constitution and the Minister; and the Assem- bly adjourned thereafter immediately, amidst great egitations. M. Marrast is elected, for the fourth time, to the chair of the Arsembly. T like this electing a presiding officer very meh; it en- ables the Assembly to get rid of an inefficient offi- cer;.and it keeps the chair impartial and prompt 1n his dutiee—it puts him upon his good behaviour. An envoy from Russia, special messenger, has arrived in Paria this morming. but the importance and character of his mission have not transpired. The subject may be Anstria, for Anstria is ina state of diesolution; but I think the liberalists are fast giining ground and strength, and that the crisis of their danger has passed over, for there has yet been no battle before Vienra. The Hun- garians are coming, in force, to the assistance of the Viennese. the Assembly are assnming a hold attitude, and appear to be in a condition to fight a good battle. In the meantime, the Croatian and Hungarian regiments in the army of Radetzki, in Ita'y. have had a partial contest with each other; and the unity of this’ army appears to he yielding tothe epirit at Vienna and Pesth. The city of Presbourg has deciared in favor of Vienna: and, as it is situated between Vienna and Pesth, and 1s a strong city, it 18 very important. ._ M. Flocon has interrogated the ministry, npon its intentions as to the insurgents; their fami- les have petitioned for their pardons; and many others are exerting themselves to the same eflect. The new ministry took office upon condition that they should not be transported, except to Algeria. The response will be given to-day, or to-morrow. Next week, also, the government is to be further interrogated, as to the afiairs of Italy. Yesterday, M. Mane, the Mimster of Jfstice, Inid before the Assembly a new and severe bill against tke press, and demanded its immediate consideration. It will give rise to a new and severe discussion, It makes prompt business in seizing any print, pic- ture, painting, We. &e.; and I think the press will generally oppose the measnre. Parties are making their preparations for the Presidential elee- tion, which is intended to take place, accord- ing to present appearances, in November. The prees of Lamartine treats the present as a Mere temporary ministry; !o continue only a month or two; and is putting its patron upon the track. [ do not beheve that the As- sembly would elect him, if he were ove of the five highest candidates, [think he is gaining in popular favor ; but moderately, however; but that neither the country nor the Assembly regard him as competent for the post of President in this try- ng hour. If France studies her interest, she will elect the present leader. No other man has yet shown the necessary qualifications for that place ; but the ambition of some, and the madness of others, render the whole matter doubtful. Two weeksago, Lous Napoleon would have been elect- ed cver all, I think, How much he has lost, by exhib:ting himself upon the tribune, in some ex- tempore remarke, 1s uncertain, The Fre ch deewde quick as thought, and change algo as quick. The Department ot Lot has presented an elegant sword to Gen. Cavaignae. M. Murat, lately from the United States, represents that Department, The | figure of this representative reminds me of that of the Hon. A’bert Smith, so well known for his mus- cle, physical and intellectual, ard his hearty and A fourth deputation of vol- unteers has left for Algerian, ‘These deputations consist of men, women, and children, and gene- rally number about eighthundred. Thousands at- tend their embarkation upon ihe Seine, to bid ie adieu, and to give them @ parting benedic- ton, Our Prussian Correspondence, Berry, October 23, 1848. The Emeute of the Workmen and the Burgher Guard—The News from Vienna. Berlin has had another day of barricades. Once more this city has been thrown into tumult and commotion, and again blood has been spilled in consequence of a collision, which took place on the 16.nst., between the Burgher Guard and the workmen, The immediate cause of these dis- turbances was that certain measures had been taken hy the government, by which the work of anumber of workmen was suspended ; an en- gine which was employed in place of hand labor, at a public work, ina part of the city called the Kepnickerfeld, was destroyed by the workmen; and further exceeses being apprehended, a battal- Jon of the Burgher Guard had been ordered out on Monday last, for the purpose of maintaining or- der. e workmen, Bah had assembled in great numbers in the Kopnickerfeld on that day, en- tered into a quarrel with the Burgher Guard, sta- tioned there, and soon commenced a fight, by at- tacking the Burgher Guard with stones. As this attack was coutinued on the part of the work- men, with increased force, the Burgher Guard fired a volley; in consequence of which several of the workmen were killed and wounded. The et- fect of this was, the rising of the working popula- tion in every part of the etty. Thousands of workmen, from every district, proceeded to the Kopnickerteld, and barricades rose, as if bymagic, in the streets ot the euburb in its immediate vicinity. The excitement soon spread through- out the city, and the alarm was sounded, and the rappel beaten, calling the eitizens to arms. The confusion became general, and te all appearances an insurrection of the work- ing classes was preparing. The Burgher Guards who were ordered out in every quarter of the city, occupied the public places and buildings, and a strong guard was placed im the Royal Palace, and ite entrances closed with iron gates. The communication in a part of the city was stopped. ‘The chops were closed, and the whole population was out in the streets, anxiously awatting what would be the result of the events which were taking place. Meanwhile, hard fighting was going on between the Burgher Guard and the workmen in the suburbs, where barricades had been raised. In the afternoon the Burgher Guard succeeded in taking the barricades, but not without using fire- arms; and several workmen, in coneequence, were killed, and a great number wounced. Of the Burgher Guard many were wounded, but only one man killed. ‘Towards the evening, the fight- ing recommenced—the workmen having again constructed barricades. Late in the evening the a spner Guard had once more succeeded in pie the bariicades, and the workmen were now force to retire. At night quiet was again restored, and no further disturbance took place an the suc- ceeding day. The number of killed in the fight is eleven. ‘The excitement which prevailed, and still prevails, among the workmen, is intense. ‘The burial of the dead took place on the 20th inst. and waselebrated with great pomp, A deputation of the National Assembly, the magistrates of the city, and the Burgher Guards attended at the funeral Procession. . The Burgher Guard law, which hasbeen put to the final yote in the National Assembly, has been adopted in spite of the popular demonstrations made against it, and notwithstanding that a num- ber of petitions forthe rejection of the law had been presented to the chamber. Though the law 1s regardedjae imperfect, almost by every one, itwas carried in the chamber by a great majority, princ pally for this reason—that its rejection would have eanhaned the public opinion in the belief that the deliberations of the National Assembly were a wholly fruitless labor, and would not lead to any practical result, since the Assembly would have then rejected a law whichit had been discussing formonths. ‘Three laws, as yet, have only been passed by the National Assembly during a six months’ cession, Two of them have been passed withrn the last ten days. Besides the Burgher Guard | law,a new game law was adopted by thechamber in one of the latest sittings. Of these laws, two are regarded as imperfect, and will be taken up again to be remodelled at an_early period. The habeas corpus law and the Burgher Guard law are both considered defective, and would not have re- ceived the majority in the Chamber if it had not been for the reason stated above, and that it had become actually necessary to establish some laws ranting personal liberty, and securing publie or- jer, however defective they might be, for the pur- pose ot restoring public confidence. The habeas corpus Jaw does not ofler full protection to per- sonal safety, in the form in which it has been adopted by the Chamber, because it contains no provitions againat the abuse of the right conceded to the executive authorities. The Burgher Guard law 18 defective, principally, because it places the Burgher Guard in a dependent position with re- gard to the civil and military authorities, and ac- cordingly causes that body to become a branch of the executive folice, instead of representing a corporation of citizens to whom tlie duty of main- taining public order and quiet 1s entrusted, and who are responsible to no one but to the laws. Several amendments to certain articles of this law have, however, been adopted, with the view to corret some of its faults, These amendments, which were carried by a great majority in the Chamber, contain the provisions that the com- manders of the Burgher Guard are to have the right of aseembling the Burgher Guurd, as well as the authorities of the town, and that the Burgher Guard wil not be compelled to take an oath on the constitution until the latter will be completed. Affairs at Vienna continue in the same critical state; and according to the latest accounts re- ceived trom there, the city is at this momentina atate of complete prostration. A telegraphic des- patch received here, to-day, states that the rabble of the population had risen, in consequence of the appointment of Prince Windischgratz as comman- der-in-chief of the Austrian army, and were plun- dering the city. The Austrian’ Parliament had been dissolved, and the members fled. Our Stutgard Correspondence. Srutearp, Oct. 16, 1848. The Grundrechte—Condition of the National Par- | liament—Vienna—Decay of the Austrian Mo- narchy— Dangerous State of Affairs in Germany. After a session of about four months and a half, the National Convention, at Frankfort, has at last sueceeded in bringing to a close its discussions of the “Grandrachte,” (similar to the bill of righ!s of the constitution of the United States.) Accord- ing to the resolution of the Parliament, a second discussion is necessary, and the whole ot this law, consisting of eight articles and forty-two para- graphs, will have to be passed a second time, and then be published in all the newspapers of Germany for twenty successive days, before it takes etl I will give youa condensed epitome of the pri ciples expressed, and the rights secured to the German citizens, in this bill of rights. Every German of good moral character is citt, | zen of any State he chooses to reside in. Pro- perty is inviolate. Search in the house of any citizen can be made only by Jegal authorities, upon a writ issued by a judge. The church 1s se- petate and independent of the State. The ol is in the care of the State, and the clergy have n thing more to do with it. The press is fiee—no | censor, no security, no license, is. required for the publication ef a book or a periodical. _ Cupital punishment 1s abolished. All distine- tions of classes, nobility, titles, orde! ished. Taxes, tithes, personal servi 8 to the clergy, to the nobility, to barong, dukes and free- | holders, are aboliched. The chase and fisheries are free to all upon their own property, Confisea- tion for political offences shall not take place. The | judiciary is in the care of the State; all pytrimonial courtsare abolished. The judges are independent. | No minister or officer of the Cabinet shall pessess judicial autkority. No privileged class shall have a particular judiciary. | Military jurisdiction is confined to the trial ot military offences, breaches of discipline, \e.,to be tried by a court-martial, as defined by the laws relative to war. No judge can be removed, suspended, degraded or advanced,un- less by legal process,and after conviction before a proger tribunal. Judieiary proceedings are public and verbal. ‘Trial by jury is secured in all penal oflences, The defence in all penal cases shail be carried on by independent competent counsel. This is the pith of the whole law—or rather de- claration of rights—which has been discussed dur- ing the last five months, received the first sanction ot a majority of the convention, and which now awaits a seeond disenssion, which may take up a tew weeks more. Forty-two paragraphs, them- selves taking up more space than the whole Ame- nean constitution, are occupied in expressing the above principles 3 and as yet, nothmg whatever in relation to the organization of the government, to the position of the central government in regard to the several States, and of those to each other— not the least indication of the principles upon which the government is to be carried on, is re- solved upon, Meanwhile, the Parhament itself has already groesly violated its own laws, The press is de- clared to be free, and the editors of the Revchstass Zeitung, (members of the Convention,) are pro- secuted for having expressed in their paper their pireis opinion of the effiereney of the convention. roperty 18 declared to be inviolate, and every weapon—every article, whieh, by any possible event might be made use of tor e or detence —has been confiscated tothe goverament, in the whole district surrounding Frankfort, for the dis- tance of fifteen leagues. Jaw published “ for the protection of the members of the Parliament ” comelatelganusle all the advantages gained by the revolution in March. This isconceded by a great many members of the convention. In the session of the 10th October, Mr. Zimmerman, of Stutgard, read the following declaration, signed by about #1xty members of the left side , do solemnly protest, in the mtion, and before the German nation, against the la protection of the Na- tional Assembly,’ as we ready done the utmost in our power to prevent its passage The principles of the revolution, the objects of our meeting, are thereb: made illusory ; the right of public ceetings are denied, the liberty of the press destroyed, and the dignity of the representatives of the sovereign people compro- mised.” You are probably aware of the stormy ecenes in the Church of St. Pauls, on the 5th and 6th of Oct. ‘The president, wishing to take part in the debate, leaves the chair, and violates, grossly violates, the rules he himself so olten enforced. The president pro lem. refuses to call him to order—because it ia the president who is concerned, and he does not wich to blame the Assembly, by calling ats presi- dent to order! No—he refersthe subject to a com- mittee; and to a committee in w! ich not one member belongs to the aggrieved party! Not the least decency, not the least revard to parliamentcry habits and rules 18 observed ; the minority 1s scan- dalously tyrannized over-stripped of its most sacred rights. It is as yet impossible to tell what the punishment of the editors above alluded to will be. ProBably expul from the convention. The idea has already been suggested in good earnest, to expel the whole opositton—the whole minority, the whole left side of the house. I should not be surprised if this were to take place one day. So much, however, 18 certain: The conduct of the National Parliament proves most conclusively, that the two characteristic parties stand opposed to each other in deadly hestility and hatred, and that, as the reconciliating centres grow weaker and more feeble every day, the future action of the National Assembly, in its present organization, must inevitably lead to the sacrifice of the most chenshed interests of the country,and bring about a state of civil warfare, more terrible and deplora- ble in its consequences than can be calculated at this day ; m fact, the people are growing more fa- mila: with this idea every day, and some consider it as certain as the parliament continues in session, I predicted this state ot affairs three months ago, as your readers will recollect. A ‘The news fiom Vienna 1s_ very imperfect; the mails having failed for the last three days. But such as it ia, it presents a very deplorable state of eflairs there, The Austrian monarehy is on the brink of entire dissolution. It is possible that out of this dissolution may grow a union of free people, friendly to the cause of a free, united, and powerful German confederacy; but the disso- lution itself seems inevitable, and as certain as it would be desirable. ‘ The contest of the 6th, in Vienna, was a real civil war. National guards were. opposed to na- tional guards—soldiers to soldiers. Black, red, ellow, (the national colors of the German con- ederacy,) to black, yellow, (Austrian colors ) The relusal of the troops to be led against the Hungarians was the immediate cause of the first act ot this terrible tragedy. Two German grena- dier battalions called the academic legion to their face of the whole by force, A ‘battalion of national gnards frater- nieed with them. Destruction of the rails on the rail road, ringing of alarm belisa,and the contest on the march field then followed, as [ stated in my last. The peasents oppose the evacuation of the city by the treops, and threaten to annihilate La- tour,the Minteter of Waf. In the city, the students and the black-red yellow guards assemble and march to the ecene of action. They meet the regiment of Nassau soldiers, whom they conquer. Students, grenadiera and guards return triumph- antly to the city; the currasiers whom they meet are repelled. In St. Stephen’s church the alarm bell is tolled. A conflict with the militia ensues. ‘Down with the black-yellowe!” is the watch- word; barricades are erected; the black-yellows, from their hidirg places in the church of, St, Ste- phen, fire upon the crowd. One of them is canght and stiangled. The church itself is made the scene of action, and the altar sprinkled with blood. A terrible contest between the troops of the line and guards takes place on the square in front of the church; hot firing dgom both sides; the stu- dents and guards fight th heroic bravery, and full upon the troops of the line. Cannon firing from the “graben,” (ditch.) The military are re- pelled, A troop of workmen, armed with long iron pikes, a German banner and drummer at their head, cross the street, and are received with en- thusiastie cheers—“down with the black-yellows!” On the court-p'ace another furious contest between the line and the guards, The former put to flight and retreat. They are pursued, and some of them made prisoners. Some of those who shot from the church, are also caught—students protect them from the fury of the masses. At four o’clock the Kewhstag (Legislature) meets. About 100 deputies, knowing little of the events that occurred since morning, appear. The Presjdent refuses to take hia chair. “The journalists, the true thermometers of public affairs, inform them of what they had heard. A deputy appears and cries out:—‘The buildings of the War Department are being stormed !” Minister Hoonborth: “The buildings are stormed, the troops repelled ; the ministers eommanded the firmg to cease, but too late ; the life of the minister 18 en- dangered ; the halls of the legislature are the onl: place whence help may_be expected.” Borroch | then declares he wiil fulfil his duty as deputy, | rushes out with a white banner, and is soon seen | in a crowd, who put him upon a horse and loudly cheer him. The deputies return the cheer from the windows. Latour had sought refuge in the War Department; he was found by the crewd, killed by several strokes of a hammer, wounded sare abol- | in several placer, and at last hung upon a lantern post. In the evening, the Legislature declared it- self in permanency ; Smolka wascalled to the | chair, resolutions were passed to beg the emperor to | return; manifestations to the people and to the | onards were decreed, &c. All negotrations with the exasperated crowd proved unavailable. At 10 o’clock in the night the firing ceases, but is re- | commenced at 11 with renewed vigor ; the arsenal was carried in the morning, as the garrison sur- rendered, the preater part having escaped through | a subterranean unguarded passage. | On the 7th, the whole population of Vienna was armed and suppled with ammunition from the arsenal, 80,000 guns being taken out of it. } On the Sth, the city was quiet, but great excite- ment existed m the munds of the populace. Count Auersperg, the commander in chiet, had concen- trated his troops, but deelared to the people that he had done so without any hostile intentions — The city couneil resolved to proclaim the city in state of siege. The workmen form themselves into mobile guards. The military oveupy the Belvidere and Schwarzenberg Gaden, in firm position, fell mto their hands, were shot by them. Two of- ficers of the line offered to join the populace with their companies. | “On the th and 10th, nothing occurred to disturb the peace ; but news of troops and crowds of mi- | litia advancing to the city to aid the people, reach- ed the capital from all sides. pitizen® COn- tinue toremam firm and undaunted in their po- sition, Je ins chich has paseed the Austrian boundary, and ha hurry that it 18 :mpossible to say whether he was flying or advancing, to besiege Vienna. ‘The Hungarians are pursuing him. At Pressburg, he Jett forty oxen and five thousand tlorias, which he had demanded from that city as the price of pesce. In Vienna, couriers arrived at every hour of the day, and the populace is afraid that the enty will be besieged ; some reports even state, that a large army wos seen advancing towards Vi- epted letters from the camp of the clearly that the whole Croatish- nly was a preconcerted plot of | | reactionary (conseivative) officers. They also | ehow that the 660,000 florins which were caught | up by the Hungarians, and which were destined for Jellachich, were not from the treasury of Vienna, but ecme from some cther source. e “Rerehsverweeer” at Frankfort, and ais ca- ve, meanwhile, orted tothe Parhament yy meanso! Minister Schwerling) that “measures were deemed necessary in relation to the suppres tion of the riot in Vienna; accordingly such were teken ond executed by his royal highness the Arch- duke ;” to which the whole Assembly assented, and refused adebate thereoo, under plea of be- ing “notumportant enough” to susyend the rules therefor. The Lord ouly knows (beside Reichs- veiweirer and his cabinet) what these measures ae; butif they turn eut as is expected on many tides, 10 be favorab!e to the “ black-yellows,” not ovly litle alarm-bells will tinkle, but the great Roland of alurm will appeal to every heart of eve- ry true patriot throughout the whole land, and re- volations will once more steep the banks of the Rhine, and our tair hills and vales,"in blood. . & —This evening’s mail brings the following from Vienna :— Jellachich 18 before the gates of Vienna! The Reichstag (legistature) has sent @ depusation to MORNING EDITION----MONDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1848. TWO CENTS. aid, when they were brought to the railroad depot - Several militiamen and students, who | = -_=— — —— ea ° . Persia, him, to enquire what hie object was. In order to 1 de Constantinop: + terrify the Viennoise, he gave them a short an- “Letters Bre Persio, via TaN ophgget eo ayy swer, and made-no secret of his hostile intentions. | phere, announce Important event. The King of Auersperg alzofgave anevasive anawer. A con- test between the National Guards of Vienna and a part of Jellachich’s troops has already taken lace, in which the latter were entirely routed. Sighty of them were taken prisoners. In Vienna the greatest excitement prevails, and all the inha- bitants are eager for the contest. The bloody dra- ma must soon come to a denouement. The Empe- ror refueed to put Jellachich under the control of the ministers, in consequence of which, Minister Hoonborth resigned. The President of the French Republic, The t. lowing 1s a copy of the bill presented on the 24th October for the election of a President ;— Art 1. The election of the President of the republic shall take place on the 10th of Devember, 1318. The election shall be held in the form and manner pre- scribed by the decree of March 5, and the instructions of Mareb 8, Art. 2 All the electors inscribed on the liste in vir- tue of the above named decree and instructions, shall be permitted to take part inthis election. The lists of rectifications be drawn up conformably to the sume decree hall be published at least ten days before the day of election. Art. 3. Soldiers and reamen shall vote at the ebief town of the canton in the shane eet of which they shall be in garrison or residing ¢ Nat of such electors, duly certified by the intendant of the army or the commirsary of the pavy, ehall bo transmitted eight days before the day of election to the mayor of the objet town of the canton. The mayor shall divide the rhea electors amongst the different electoral sections. Art. 4, The lists shall be verified at the chief town of the canton, covformably to the instructions of March 8, and the result of the verification, as well asa duplicate of the proces-verbaux of the elections, shall be realed up and transmitted to the National Assem- bly. A special committee of 20 representatives. elected in the bureaus by reeret ballot, and by an absolute majority, eal be charged with the examination and summing up cf the proces. ve bauer, and shall make its report to the National Ascembly. ‘The bureau of the ‘Atsemb!y 6 Art & Any elinseription shall not be reckoned; the bulletins thus apulled sball, however. be annexed to proces-ver- baua, and addressed to the National Assembly Art. 6 Soon after the verification of thy qualifi tion of the President of the repubiic and his installa- tion, be shall enter on the exeroise of the rights con- ferred on him by the constitution, with the exception of the rpecial right which is conferred by article 57. Art, 7, Until the definitive constitution of the Council of State, a committee of 30 members, elected by the Assembly in the bureaux, and by a relative ma- jority, sball exercise the powors conferred on the Council of State by articles 54 and 64 of the conati- tution, " ‘The discussion was fixed for the 25th October. of Prince L _ Presidency In France. The National Assembly, held on the 26th ult., was one of the most remarkable sittings that has yet marked its history. The question was whether the election of President should not take place at once, or be postponed until after the for- mation of the organic laws. ; ‘ As soon asthe chair was taken, Prince Louis Napoleon, whose certitude of success has caused all this doubt and hesitation, demanded permis- sion to speak, and proceeded to read from a paper the following address:-- Citizen Rernesextatives.—The unpleasant oir- cumatence by which the discussion of yesterday was closed, does not allow me to observe silence, I deplore deeply that I am again obliged to speak about myself, for it is repugnant to mg feelings to be compelled #0 often to engage in personal questions, and with such to trouble the Assembly at a moment when we have not # moment to lose in cocupying ourselves with the much greater questions that regard the interests of our couutry, Ido not mean to talk about my own sen- timents or my own opinions. 1 have already declared them before you, and no one has called my word in question, With reapect to my parliamentacy con- duct, I ask to have the sametrule applied te me that | observe towards others. I do not call upon any wan to explain to me the motive of his bohaviour, and 1 do not recognise in any man the right to make ms pertonally responsible for my parliamentary acts.” I #m answerable to my constituents and to no one else, Of what am | accured? Of aovepting popular fanc- tions! Of accepting a candidature { never claimed, (erles of « Ob, ob”) ‘Well! Laccept that candidature; (renewed exclamatians of dissatisfaction ;) 1 accept # candidature that honors me. | accept it because three successive elections and the unanimoua decren of the National Areembly, annulling the proscription that ex- at my family warrant mein the belief that erds the name J bear-as s guarantee for the jon of society thaken to its foundations, urs.) and for the strength and prosperity of the Reptblic. How little do they who accuse me of ambition, know my heart! If it was not that an im- ative duty detains me here—if the sympathy of my fellow countrymen did not console me for the animo- sity with which I bave been attacked, I should hi regretted that I had ever left my exile. My silence ha: been made subject of reproach, ut it ie net every one who is aifted with an eloquent facility of publicly ex- pressing his ideas. Is there but the one way of ving one's country? What the country wante is » firm, wise. and intelligent government, able rather to heal its wounds than seeking to avenge them—(mur- mure)—a government which should frankly take the Jead in support of sound principles, and so put down, more effectually than by bayonets, such theories as are repulsive to reaton, I know that it is intended to set difficulties and snares in my way, but I shall take care pot to fall into then, for I will persevere steadfastly in the course of conduct I have prescribed for my- telf, without allowing myre fto be disturbed by what may be passing in my regard—nothing shall cause me to forget my duty. | have but one object, and that isto merit the esteem of the Assembly,.to win the estee-a of men of worth, and to prove even to those nanin- ous pereons who treated my name with so much levity, yesterday, that I deserve even their confidence, I now declare. that. forthe future notwithstanding any organized system of provocation that may be employed net me. I will not notice any more interpella tions. Stropg in my conscience, I shall remain im- The Spee: nia” Napoleon.The movable against all attacks, and impassable under | all calumnics ” The prince then left the tribune, unaccompanied by eny marks of applause M Cremest THoas then arose to explain the part he took in the proceedings of yesterday, but as hewas going into a rembling account of elroumstances of no | immediate interest. the impatien:s of the Assembly becume £0 great that ho was obliged to deroond. M. Pacnenne then brought forward bis motion for | adjourning the election of President until after the organic Jaws should be passed. He contended that the Assembly ought to complete its work as a constit- | tuent Asremby befcre it parted with any of its power. The Assewbly had governed the country for five months,and cculd do fo still If they agreed to the election of President before their task was completed they would only create embarrasaments for themselves ident. az he undertook to show from the articles of the covstitution, which were #0 framed as not to meet the ciroumatnuoes they were | They ought not, he sald, to make a about to create. constitution by fragment. but complete it altozethur. and the constitution would-not be perfect until the organic laws werr paseed, M. Banavp eontended that if they did not proceed to give effect to their deci-fon that there should be a President elected by universal suffrage. they would thow to the country that they distrusted the popular voice, and would be calumniating France. M Dupin, on the part of the Committee of the Con- stitution. pave it as their opinion, that as soon as the constitution was voted, the assembly ceased to be con® atituent, and became at once legislative executive character ceased, it became necessar; to elect the power in whore hands tho executive should be placed. Then there would be a govern- ment, nof of a provisiona’ character, but stable and armed with power to meet the eritical cir- cumstances of the moment, both as regarded for- eign relations as well as internal affoirs. He called, thi refere, for the prompt nomination of the President of the republic. If adjourned at all, there was mo rea- ton why it rhould not be adjourned indefinitely. Why rhovld they be afraid to trust the country with the nomiastion of the executive power, when the country would «6 soon have to elect the legislative assembly ’ He wan for putting an end to the temporary and pro- Vitional, and fer having a regular organized govern- ment t Morr rore amidst general marks of interest. tion befcre the Arrembly he a:lmitted to be a cateone, At the same time. he had arrived conviction on the subject.that m expressing his opidion, T argument that bad been ured in favor of a prompt tleotien ‘war, that they wanted to put an end. provisioral, but he would ask, was mot a rent provicionel? How would they be in @ less provirional’ situation with « President elected be- fore. the constitution itself was voted, than they were now? The President should himsolf be go- rerned in his conduct by organic laws not yet framed, and whieh formed part of the constitution. He pro- ceeded to point out how ilogical aud incoherent such 8 courte of conduct would be and declared that he con- sidered it to ber regnant with danger. He had heard it alleged that the prerident of the council would re- tire if the nomination did not take place at once; but be was sore that that eminent individual,to whom the whole country owed a debt of grativude would sacrt- fice his own views on this matter, and would not op- pore the general feeling of the majority (loud ap- plause) hi ‘This debate resulted in the selection of the 10th of December as the day for the election of a President. The Hon, and Rev. Gerald Valerian Wellesley, bro- ther of his Grace the Duke of Wellington, died at Durham on Satorday morning. The deseased was in the 78th year of his age. The bi 1 the Two Bicilies had officially notified to General signac th conse of hie mother, the Queen Dowager of Nap! Persia, Mol med Shah, d lent altack of gout, to which he had long been subject, Mohammed Shah, son of Abbas. and grandson of Fetti ‘Ali Shah who died iu 1834, and whom he succeeded to the throne of Persia, was the third sovereign of the dyrasty of the Kadjars, founded in 17! by Aa Mo-. hammed Khan. He was born im 1805, and his hew, Naibus Salthanet, governor of Azerbuidjan, iscighteen years of azo. It the news of the death of the King of Perria be confirmed, it is probable that the Salar, who je in arms near Khorasan, will march upon Teheran, while tke princes, who have taken refage on the fron- tiers of Turkey. in consequence of events which have taken place in Persia at different periods, and among whom are Assafed Dewlet, the Shah’s maternal unele, and Zzil-ue Soulthan, who reigned for several months after the death of Wetti Ali Shab, under t Ali Shab, will probably make some atte: Southern provinces, where they have num sans, These two last princes are at this ti bella, living upon a pension granted them by the Ottoman government [tis said that the communi cations between Tauris and Teheran are already in- tercepted.!? Teheran, from a vio- China, From the Overland China Mall, of August 29 Tho sickness amongst the European troops mies ed laet month, has proved even more fatal during the present one. In July, the admissions into hospital were about 400. and the deaths 37 ; in August, there have to the present date (28th) been upwards of 500 admissions and 46 deaths. We ure not aware what was the number of admissions in June, but the deaths during that month were 10; thus the total loss from the prevailing disease has been 93. “mostelity has been confived almost exclusively to the non-commissioned offloers and privates of the 95th, a few cases only having occurred amongst the ar- tillery and engineers, and still fewer among oivillans. ‘The regiment, numbering nearly 500 rank and file, could at present scarcely muster 100 men capable of standing under arms, who are now relieved from pa- rades. and even from guards. except at the barracks, commissarsat, and horpitala—the other dati ving vpon the.Ceylon Rifles. ‘The greatest mortality is said to have been amon, those nen who were previously in robust health, the congestive and inflammatory symptoms in such eases being moxt severe, and this is another of the peculier- ities of the dieeare, which seems to be most puzzling to those who have seen most of it : and yet it fas con- tinued very uniform throughout—as has also the treat- ment, we believe, until lately, at any rate Within the last few days the sickness bas decre: , but a similar improvement has formerly taken place even wheg the wind has blown from the east or north eaet, while from the opposite quarters it has beon invariably followed by an aggravation of the evil—those who were comva- lescent ruffering relapse, and many new cases occur- ring. Butit ia worthy of note, that though the upper range of barracks, the one moat expored to the south- erly wind. was first attacked; of late the disease has raged indiscriminately throughout the men’s quarters. We formerly stated that in several important fes- tures the present diseare differed from what used to be called Hong Kong fever; and it is now said thatin many cases eruptions or pustules on the face, arms, and chest, together with s tendency to congestion about the head, ruggests tho idea that it has some affinity to small pox. Might it not, therefore, be worth while (seeing how woavniling other means have proved) to ascertain whether re.vaccination might not have some effect in mitigating the disease, and lessening the number of deaths’ ‘There bas been, likewise, a good deal of sickness in the paval forces in the harbor, and prerent there are at least 70 men and officers on the list; but their complaints are various, chiefly a sort of influenza, and fo far as wecan learn there has only been one death from fever—the chaplain of the Cambria Among civilians sickness has not been above the averege. though death has carried off some whose loss will be felt in the society of the place. The Chinese are raid to have suffered extensively, but they generally remove elsewhere upon buing at- tacked, and have in general recovered —anotnher cir- cumstance which deserves to bo investigated aud com- ared with observations made in other quarters, Amongst the verrels recently arrived at!Woosung ie the Prins Mefishicoff. She belongs to the Russian Far Company. and brings a small but bighly valuable cargo of furs, with a view of trying whether, by opaning » trade at Shanghae, teas for the Russian market could not be procured on more favorable terms than by the usual way cf Irkutsk. It is doubtful, however, that the Chinese will permit the Rursians thus to avail themselves of the Nanking treaty. while they enjoy exclusive privileges under that of Kiachta, which may be held to preciude the Rus- tians from participating in any trade on the sea board. Pe) mission to do ro might afterwards give rise to difll- culties with other countries, which the Chinese must foresee and desire to avoid. Foreign Theatricals, In consequences of the disturbances #0 strangely agitating art on the Continent, M’dile Lind isto win- terin England, prior to resuming her duties in the Madame (iriei also meditates passing the tha’ here, not bving about to visit St. Pe- a Was at one time intended, It is stated that the arrangements made at Windsor Castle for theatrical performances are to be permanent, and that Prince Albert takes great intorest in them, particularly iusisting on the snbordioate characters being well filled. Among the performers engaged, the names of Wallack, Wigan, Webster, Cooper. Keeley, and Leigh Murray are mentioned. The establishment of a court theatre in England is @ novelty, but may, as an example, prove beneficial, Miss Helen Faucit and Mr. Anderson have respec- tively addressed letters to the Morning Po: rection of Mr. Bunn’s assertions as to the manded by them. Miss Faucit admits having asked £15a night; but explains that it was for a limited en- gagement of three nights a week, and one or two menths’ continuance. Mr. Anderton claimed £60 « | week under similar conditions. Mr. Anderson, in the ecurse of his long epistlo, contrasts the patronage be- stowed om histrionic professors in that country and in America Inthe latter country, he says, the peo- ple * can afford to throw away £5,¢00 a-year upon s recond rate arfisfe to whom Mr. Bunn declines giv- ing £60 per week for one month.” A similar contrast may be drawn between Loudon and the provinces, whrre the Jatter are flourivhing; and, indeed, Mise Farcit implies in her letter—in which she alludes to Mirx O'Neil s8 having “ retired early from the stage, in the possession of ® considerable fortune, acquired | by her profersional exertions.” Miss Fancit has her- | aif received from £50 to £70 a vight in w country | theatre; and itis the fscHity of doing the like of this | which bas now deprived London for several seasons of | the greatest performers, excepting on “ starring”? oo- easions, | f The vext novelty at the grand opera is to be @ new | bellet for Madile. Cerito—* La Vivandiers,” her has- band, M. St. Leon, belong the choreographist. This will be followed, ine few nights, by Clapisson and Scrike’s “‘ Jeanne la Folle.” A young vocalist, Vadile. Rabi, has been singing, | with great success, in the concerts at thy Jardin iv |, Mr. James Wallack is still very unwell, and by a letter from bim to Mr. Webster, lust week, it appears there is but little chance of his being capable of re- turning to the stage at present Mr. Shepherd has takon possession of the Surrey theatre, by breaking into the theatre an’ removing | Mr. Kereotiner, who is seeking redress at the quarter | ression, | Marine Affatr | Snir Burnie in Sr. Louis —Cont-acts have been | entered inio with Messrs. Brothertoa & Gordon, for the lumber to be weed in building a ship in th y. Itis to be commenced immediately, by Capt. evacs and Me. Freneb, who design to wake it # permannat business. | "The veesel is to be of three hundred tous burthon, and | will be completely fit'ed and rigged here. itis to be completed by the firet of April, will then be ioaded, and procerd seaward It is believed that sea vessels can be built here on better terms than at New York or | onthe Obio. The timber used in their constraction is of a better oe thon that obtained on the Ohio, and greatly cheaper than that whicn is used in Neo York. In some unixioortant materials, the advantage | is apainst us, but we see no reason why the enterprise should not sueceed.—S!, Louis paper, | The steamer St. Louis, reported lost on Lake Erie | drifted safely into shelter near Presque Isic, where ah was at anchor at last advices, British Steamers at Most before our readers, this morming, a letter from Dr. H. 8 Levert toa gentleman of t ity, wuleh shows that be and Col. Fisher have been succerrfal in the ob- ject of thelr visit to Lo uring the stoppage ‘Mobile Point. of the British steamers constitating Royal Mali Line from Southampton, vis Havana, to Vern Cruz. The consent of the company and tho roval of the subordinate Court of Admiralty, have jen secured by vigorous eilorts tipom the part of the agents of this city. and an arrangement concloded, by which a depot will be established at Mobile Polat. This srrargement will have to be approved by the Lords cf the Admiralty, which is @ mere form, as they have no olberinterest in the matter than the son ance of the mails, which will be accolerated ratoer than reterded by this arrangement. It will not be long, we prerumé, before an agent of the company will arrive, to make the necessary provisions for the extab- lisbment ond supply of the depct, preparatory tothe touching of the steamers. The arrangement will be reductive of great benefit to Mobile, as well as tothe nterior Of our State. The steamers of this line eon. some about $450,000 worth of coal annually. With fully two-thirds of this. they will have to be supplied from the depot at Mobile Point, ‘The long voyage from Southampton will consume all the coal t they ake on st that port, and they cannot be supplied tiil they reaeb this de jot. Hi ‘ir supply to Vers Cr gain replenish for the erket for the coal of our State is tous estab- nd an active and constant demand created for development and supply of the “raw material.” ‘The rich mineral resources Of our State will be brought forth; increased rewards and inducements will be given to the indu ry of hundreds in the inte. rir ds greatinetd benefit toour city will be the result.— Mobile Meraid, Now. 4 vr —We lay voyage to Bugland