The New York Herald Newspaper, September 15, 1848, Page 2

” rece ee we expended in this way | doomed to starvation or into the Arrembly; and what n | would ave no much expeoded in powder. There may | de much truth in that; for, after this revolution, the | republicans were determined pot to be cheated out of their republic; and was a Decessity to look to the cowpotition of the Assembly OBSERVER Panis, August 81, 1848. Will there be a General pean War ?—Morals in Poris—The Insurrection on the Stage ‘The article in the National of yerterday, which is regarded as semi-official, produced a good deal of effect in Paris, It appers, after all the reports to the contrary? | that Austria has not yet accepted the mediation. She bas given no answer; but has excused hervelf at first by the fact that the republic had not been recognized; that there was ro French ambassador at Vienna, &c.,&e.; all of which may be entitled tosome consideration, in an affair so important and so full of etiquette; yet, that there had been a manifest disposi- tion to evade the question by Austria is not doubted by France, and so much #0, that three days ago France forwarded a messenger to obtain a decided answer— yes or no; and, in the meantime, has been moving her troops to meet the contingency. It is now considered to be uncertain whether the mediation wiil be accepted. by the Notional. If this turns out to be so, war isinevi- table; for France will, at once, order her troops into Italy. All the demands from Rome, Turin, Milan and Venice for assistance, have been deferred till the answer of Austria should be received at Paris. Charles has just sent a r to Paris to ask Gen. Cavaignac to grant permission to General Bechaud, to take the command of the Italiam army at the termination ef the armistice, should the war be renewed; that messenger is now ‘waiting at Paris for the answer. Venice is also pressing the French to aid her in maintaining her republic, which she seems to be actively preparing to defend. A German paper has been reo this morning, to the effect that Russia has remonstrated terms against any armed intervention of France in Italy—but that is not believed. All the while, the as; pect of affairs appears to be belligerous this morning, though the acceptance of the mediation, if it happens, will at once change them. The German confedera- tion has given great strength to Austria, and confi- dence to Germany; and Charles Albert has squandered the golden moments to achieve the independence of Ital; I re seen another statement in reference to the captain of the Ocean Monarch, exonerating him from all blame. hope they are true. werday, the re- solution came up in reference to the suppression of the journals; General Cavaignac declared himself ready to meet the question—but it was referred to the ions; "2, much in opposition author. The tax upon all kinds of meat, coming into Paris, was yesterday re-enacted. It appears that the butchers had not lowered their tices; and, of course, put the profits in their pockets. Duty a given number are licensed in Tatle. A'motion was made to have the sale open to all, but it failed; it may come up in a different form, but there is so ur- gent a necessity toguard the people against bad meat, taat it is doubtful whether a free market will be al- lowed. We have irresponsible men enough, but the force of publie opinion, and the character of our peeple generally, give us a position, which is not found in any foreign country that I have yet seen, Out of our own country, there is very little power of restraint in public opinion. Upon this point, I will give you an advertisement, that this moment catches my eye, in the Patrie of this morning;— A widow lady, foreigner, possessing a grand fortune, in part in property in England, desires to re-marry a French gentleman, whose position would be honorable and wh uld be willing to quit France. For more ample information, address Madame Chantillon, No. 7 Rue de la Boule Rouge, (paid.)’’ Would not such woman eell taintod meat, if necessary, to obtaina living in Paris ’—and what force can there be in public sentiment, when grave papers, of high standing, fre- quently insert such advertisements? In what respects would the advertisements for the purchase, or of a horse, differ, except it might be a little more jicular in his qualities, gait, &e.,&c, But the English widow will point out all these matters as coolly to the inspec- tor of the property offered, as if the thing were an ox or a horse. I know an English widow who sold her- self, in this manner, in Paris, six or eight months since, but she overstated her income so, that when ber pur- charer discovered the cheat, he refused to take the article contracted for; and it made agreat commotion, But she was not in the least mortified—but dreadfully angry. There is no security against a tuinted market, when such transactions are tolerated by public senti- ment. The young garde# mobile, decorated, and “Vietorine, la cantonicre,” (who cut. off the insur- gent’s wrist, and secured his flag on the boulevards.) are very popular plays at the theatres. The French transfer ail such scenes to the stage, as well as every- thing that is ludicrous. OBSERVER. ireland, [From the Freeman’s Journal, sept. 2.] THE COMING CALAMITY. The calamity of 49 is no longer » menacing proba- bility The bearts of men are no longer fluctuati: between flitting gleams of hope, and appalling antici- ‘tions of what is to come. ‘e have paseed probabil- ity. We havearrived at certainty. There can be now no rational doubt that the darkest year in Ireland's history of misfortune still awaits us. The fourth year ofa continued famine in acountry like this is a cala- mity that can admit Penal emer The first famine— that of '46—brought little desolation. The poorest had some resource to fall back on—if not in means of their own, in the then unexhausted and ready charity of the public. The famine of 47 was doubly destruc tive, because the previous year had carried off the poor man’s all. The famine of °48, when the crop but partially failed, owed all its severity to the fact that it fellowed two successive famines. The calamity of one year produces an exhaustion which tells upon the year foliowing. The destruction of hnman food, which in 46 would do little or no injury to human te een, fail in “49 to produce deaths by the thou- sani We think it is high time for all classes to look stea- daily at facts, see what can be done to mitigate the calamity of °49, and prevent its consummating the amitcries of past years by plunging all classes into one common ruin ‘The potato crop may be looked upon as lost. There is, of course, a disposition to recoil from this fearful contemplation And the public mind still hopes against hope, that the ruin of this crop may not be so universal as is represented. Heartily do we wish it may not. but we see no reason to indulge such expec- tations. Without dwelling on the accounts which reached us from the country (uring the past week on thie painful subject. we may lay it down as a broad in- disputable fact, that the potato crop, viewed as the staple food of the masses, is lost. None will now deny 8. in energetic ‘This isthe first fact. The second fact is, perhaps, more alarming still. The wheat crop is one-fourth be- low an average proiuce. On former occasions, when Potatoes failed, wheat was invariably above the average Yield. This is the first year in which both crops were simultaneously defective. Oats, too, owing to the late inces-ant storms of wind and rain, are seriously da- maged. ‘These three facts—the loss of the potato erop, the defect in the produce of wheat, and the damage sus- tained by the eats—are quite sufficient to show that we have to apprehend the direst scarcity. When, in connection with these melancholy facts, we take into consideration the exhausted state of the country after three successive years of famine, we must admit the inevitable inference that the calamity of “49° is likely to befar more disastrous in its results than any we have yet been doomed to witness. THE STATE V'RISONERS IN BELFAST ERIDEWELL. These gentlemen are, comparatively speaking, in good quarters here. The prison is in the most healthy situation about town, and the air and water—two very essential auxiliaries to health—are of the best descrip- tion. During the day they are permitted to enjoy the uninterrupted ociety of one avother—neither the Ee drese nor that portion of the prison discipline .known by the hideous name of “rolitary confine- ment” being insisted on in thar case. ‘The indul- fence, however. towards their friends is of « nuMctent- y stringent quality to render their condition irksome in the extreme. No one is permitted to visit them; even their nearest relatives, we understand, could not obtain permission to hold any converse with them, on business matters or otherwise, up to the present — Belfest Vindicator. THA BALLINGARRY PRISONERS IN NEWGATE. We understand that the prisoners who were taken after the affair at Ballingarry, and who were subs quently transmitted to Newgate, were yesterday visit- ¢d at the prison by Sub-Inspector Trant, Major Brown- Tig. and some other officials, The object of the visit ‘Was understood to be the identification of the parties, or some of them, a® having been concerned in the affray ot Ballipgarry. We have also heard that a po- lice constable was brought from the country to Kil- mainbam. in order to identify Mr Smith O’Brien the gentigman who shook hands with him (the con- stable) afthe house of Mrs. MeCormick, on the occa sion alluded to. THE Chors. After a fall and careful review of the subject gon rally, | feel compelled, reluctantly, to state that the crops, in general, are in such a cowdition as to cause the utmost despondency amongst all classes, but the farming clase particularly | To begin with the hitherto staplejcropjof the country, the potato, it is mot, | fear, too much to say that within afew months, from present appearances, very little trace will remain in our fields of that valuable escu- lent, so rapidly has it,where the crop was planted late, being yielding to decomposition; but, in gardens where the seed was planted in March, and early in April, although the stalks have long since decayed, the tubers have, in about the proportion of three- fourths, resisted the disease to the present, Still, even im there, itis progressing by degrees, and im low. rich land, the potatoes are actually rotting Respecting the wheat crop. | regret to fay clreum- stances are not much more cheering. I haye examined several fields where the crop presented a luxuriant ap- pearance from @ distance, but, on « closer inspection found it was not dificult to discover fully one-half the ears blind, or completely absorbed in smut. |udeed, farmers bold out very slender anticipations of the ul. timate value of the crop in general The oat crop. which, a month since, seemed to vie with its predecessors of the past twenty years in lux uriance, has also severely felt the influence of the lat wet and ste ather; so much so that evea w the straw has not ledged, the crop is not expected t be ap average one rley, which peculiarly dislikes ralny weather, such have had for some weeks, owes its partial pre n to the fact of its not having arrived at the f maturity as the other crops; it has euf- or love, but. on the whole, it is expected to enn AverRge produc Haymeking bus but partially commenced here, owing to the gre: ney of the weather; and in many low places the meadows have been completely in- most nerdiess to way that, amid this state of pee are ina mest deplorable condition | question addre | In 4 word, —the enw A all clasees dejected a! Tipperary —Corresp. of ihe there is po empley:ent deluced with mendicancy most to de+pair.— Newport Tipperary Vindicator. Itaty. The Minister of War of Tuscany, replying to a sed to him by M Pigli, in the Chamber of Deputies on the 284, declared that mo invasion of any partof Tuscany had takea place; that he hud ordered General de Langier to adopt the necessary measures for the protection of the frontiers; and that, if they were menaced, to call to arms the whole of the neighboring population The Venice tte of the 20th ult., announces that the cld General Ferrari had been charged by the Pro- visiopal Government with the command of the dis- trict of Marghera and the adjacent forts. ‘The inhabitants of Turiu are signing @ proposition of Abbe Gioberti, to centre the dictatorial power ia the hands of three perrons possessing the confidence of the people. Prince Eugene, of Savoy, has decreed the eptire expulsion of the Jesuits from the Sardioian dominions, and confiscated their property for the cs- tablishment of national colleges Le Bien Pubtic, of yesterday, says,— We have news from Rome, but it does not make any mention of t! rumored disturbances in that city The ministry hi announced to the Chamber that the state of the lega- tions was more re-assuring, avd that the Austrians had not made any further exercise of their authority, The status quo is the order of the day.” Venice continues its preparations for defence. Tranquillity appears to be restored at Trieste, but Governor Signor Salm found it necessary to issue a proclamation to the inhabitants on the 21st, earnestl, appealing totbeir good sense and patriotism. This proclamation appears in the Osservatore Triestino of tng Pat iornale del Lloyd Austriaco, of the same date, states that the Sardinian rquadion was still cruising in the Venetian waters. Its movements were super- vised by the French steame: Armodee, and the Englisch steamers the Terrible and the Spartan. We read in the nione of Turin, of the 20th:— “General Cayaignac has assured a person well worthy of credit, that our country shall not be abandoned to the Austrians. At present it is sought to obtain the retirement of Austria by diplomatic means; but if that be not obtained, recourse will bo had to arms; at any cost Italy will be free This he repeated several times. ‘These facts are the more worthy of credit, as they were communicated to a person who went to Paris to solicit the intervention, and who is an old friend of Gen. Cavaignac.”’ The letters from Rome of the 22nd ult. eed vhat the Minister of Commerce being questioned in the Cham- ber respecting the evacuation of Bagong ied by the Aus- trians, replied that the committee had presented itself at the head-quarters of General Welden, demandin, the reason of the invasion of Bologna, and ha solemnly protested against that proceeding. Mar- shal Welden replied that he would immediately recal the greater part of his troops, and those which had the Po, out of deference to the Pontifical envoys. lained the motive which had led to this occupa- tion of territory,and expressed « wish that it should be communicated to the Pope. Sicily. It was fully expected that Sicily would be obliged to return to her ellegiance or be given to the second son of Ferdinand. The bombardment of Messina was con- tinued. On the night of the 2nd, six grenades of 80, and a bomb of large calibre, were thrown into the town, and set fire toa warehouse. but did no further harm. ‘The Messinese continued to fire on every Neapolitan vessel bee" Sag the Faro, The Fernando was fired om and 5 The Danubian Provinces. Letters from Bucharest of the 12th ultimo, state tea a delegation of ten inhabitants of Jassy had ay join us- at the former city to request the Wallachians to the Moldavians with 10,000 men ,to drive out{the sians, and to form, in future, one common principality. Galiseo bad su! uently left Bucharest tor Giurgui concert the preliminaries of a new constitution with Suleyman Pacha. ‘key. The Ban Iellelich has returned to Agram from fa tour in the Banat, in the course of which he has effected the mobilization of 20,000 borderers on the frontiers of Lika and Carlsstadt The field batteries and a regiment of Lika borderers arrived at Agram on the 21st ult. The late defenders of Peschiers, the borderers of Otocha, are in a camp near St. Ivan. They have been favored by the Ban with the privi- lege of forming the. forlorn hope of the Jarmy, which is expected to march before the end of the month. Russia. ‘The St. Petersburgh papers state that on the 4th of August, there were 708 cholera patients in that city ; on the Sth, 83 fresh crses, 51 cures, and 17 deaths were declared ; 613 patients remaining on hand. On the same day there were 29 fresh cures, 64 cases,and 12 deaths. Onthe morning of the 6th there were only 624 son hand, ‘The Emperor having ordered an {extensive levy of recruits, the order had created much irritation among the nobility of the three governments nearest to St. Petersburgh, who had resolved to resist, and engage in a struggle with the military directed to bring the orderfof the Emperor into execution. The event had determined his imperial majesty to recall the troops that had been cent to Poland. The cholera was raging at Tarnpol, in Gallicia. From Poland, we learn that Warraw presents a most warlike aspect. The army bivouses iu the strest, and regiments are constantly arriving. including the Cossacs of the Guard, a sure sign of the advent of the Emperor. The kingdom will be occupied during the winter by four corps d’armee of 70,000 men each. One will be stationed on the frontiers of Western Prussia; the id in the Duchy of Posen; the third on the frontiers of Sil and the fourth in the interior of the country. All the fortresses of Poland are stored with provisions and ammunition for several years. Persia, A letter from Persia, dated June 15th, contains the following :—‘The Governor of Salmas has received in- formation by a courier from Teheran that the insur- gente of the Khoressan have cut the royal-army in pieces, and that the capital was under the greatest alarm. At Salmas, great fears of a famine tained on account of the locusts, which h: y devoured one-half the crops, and threatened to ra- vage the whole country.” Foreign Theatricals. The opera seacon is over ; it has been a brilliant one, and Jenny Lind isa greater favorite than ever. She is to perform at Manchester, Brighton and other towns, and goes to Dublin. Alboni,with the Covent Garden troupe, will give con- certs in different parts of the country, during the au- tumn. There will be but one Italian opera next season ; the two companies are to be fraternized at the Queen's Opera House. All the legitimate theatres are now closed ; the mi- nor ones are doing a fair business. ‘The Keeleys are at the Marylebone. Mrs. Fitzwilliam and Buckstone at the Surrey. Jullien is to produce the regular drama next winter, at Drury Lane. Brooke, Vandenhoff and Anderson, it is said, are engaged there. The Keans will be at the Haymarket, next season. The “ Wife’s Secret,’ produced by them, and the “ Lords of Ellingham,”’ at the Olympic, were the only two successful five act plays brought out in London this season. Morton's play of the “ Heart and World,’’at the Hay- market, and Macready’s version of “ Philip Van Arte- velde,’? both proved unsuccessful. The Lyceum will shortly re-open with Madame Ves- tris and Charles Mathews. for its attraction. French plays are to be discontinued at the St. James's, which will hereafter be devoted to English drama. | It is said that a play by Mrs. Mowatt is among the novelties to be produced there. Farren, Mrs. Nisbett, and the Cushmans,are starring in the provinces, The Adelphi company, under Celeste, are playing at the Haymarket. ‘The Weather and the Crops. [From tlre European Times. Sept. 2.) We rejoice to state, that since our last number, a de- | cided and very favorable change has taken placein the weather, which, at this critical moment is of the most vital importance to all classes. During several days | past we bave been blessed with the most genial sun- shine, which we find from, all the reports which have reached us, appears to have been general throughout | England and Ireland. In London and the southern | counties, the weather during the week has been splen- did. On Thursday afternoon a little rain fell, but it was only partial, Upon théjwhole there is again @ well grounded hope that the harvest of wheat, at least, will | prove nearly an average one, Mr. Hudson, the member | for Sunderland, an intelligent observing man, reported in the House of Commons on Wednesday, that he had travelled over a great extent of grownd in the north within these few days, and gave a very sanguine opin- ion of a favorable result, Lord John Russell, also, with reference to Ireland, avowed that the Govern. ment reports were most contradictory; but, upon he whole, they were more favorable than they were a hort time ago. He thought thata very considerable | portion of the crop would prove available; but as that expectation might be disappointed, the result must be patiently waited for. Within the last week « far more cheerful feeling has ¢xisted, The rise in the Corn mar- ket at Mark Jane on Monday is scureely maintained. The Corn Trade of Earope [From the London Mercantile Gazette, Sept. 1.) ‘The improvement which has taken place in the wea- ther since our last, has already had the effect of, in some measure, allaying the apprehensions, so preva- lent last week, in regard to the future supply of food That considerable damage was doue by the long con. | tinued wet, cannot be questioned; but we hope that | the mirchief may not prove 80 se: arcity. Asfar ax the grain crops are conce quality has been more aflected byt pi: | cious weather than the quantity, and the great falling off will. we fear, be in the article of potatoes; but even there the generally good yield to the acre may in some mearure compensate for the } by the disease, and t the country may be epared the mis- fortune of high prices. A good deal of grain has been gotin during the last few days in better condition than that previourly carried; and in the later dis- tricts, where cutting not commenced until atter the cersetion of the n, the harvest would, if we rhould bave eettied weather during the month, turn out much better than was atone time suppored, and on the whole we are not disposed to take a deeponding view of the future, The advices received this week from Ireland rpeak more favorably of the potatows ‘without food, without clothing; the impotent dr ateing on & miserable existence on the rations allowed by law, and the able bodied, because they are able bodied, than previous accounts; the diseuse is, it appears, not fpreading to fast as many apprehended would have been the cave. The markets in all parts of the island were meanwhile being abundautly supplied, end Indian cern bad consequently met with com paratively littie atteution, At Mark-lane the wheat trade bas maintained a firm tone On Monday there was still a good deal of exeitemeat, | and though this has since subsided, there has bea no on im prices There was ® good show of wheat exand Kenton Monday, consisting prinet- new, which, having been mostly harvested dur- pally ¢ ing the wet weather, the samples were in wretched con- To rhow how various was the quality, we ly to state that there was a difference of 20s ja. per yr. between the value of the best and the worst parcels, some of the inferior sorts being offered at 42s, to doe; whilst the flaest dry parcels of Essex white were beld at 65s. to 68s, perqr. In old wheat a tolerable extent of business was done at prices 2s, to 8s. per qr. above those current on that day se’naight, Siuee then the dispesition to buy has evidently de- creased, and some difficulty has been experienced in realising the terms current in the beginniog of the week, The transactions in foreign wheat were not extensive on Monday, but the business done was at an advance of 2s perqr On Wednesday this enhaace- ment was scarcely maintained. and this morning pur- chases might, in +ome inrtances, have been made on rather easier terms There was more bonded wheat offering to-day, and less disposition to speculate, but holders were not generally inclined to take lower prices. In the value of flour no change has occurred since last week. Barley of home growth has come yery sparingly to hand. and the arrivals from abroad have been moderate ; the upward movement in price has, consequentiy, continued, and all kinds of barley may be quoted 1s. to 2s, per quarter higher than on Monday week. Malt has meanwhile advanced 2s. to 8s. per quarter. The arrivals of oats coastwise and from Ireland have been scanty in the extreme, and the foreign supply not by any means large. The favorable change in the weather has, however, induced caution on the part of purchasers, and prices have not risen since this day se’nnight. For beans 1s. to 2s., and for er quarter wore has been realised. en neglected, and to have succeeded in muking sales less money must have been 2. [From the Mark lane Express, Aug. 28 ] In the early part of the w perienced very unfavorable weather; and the heavy rain of Monday appears to have been general over nearly the whole kingdom. Tuesday was also a wet day, but from that time up to this morning (Saturday), the weather was comparatively fine, and, having had drying winds, the corn was ao far dried as to allow ef carrying being re- sumed. We fear, however, from the ap; ‘ance of the weather this morning, that the carting of grain is again about to be interrupted. A much greater quan- ity of wet has this summer fallen on the western than on the eastern side of the island; and, from all we can collect, we are inclined to think that, 1n most of the eastern counties— more particularly on the fen lands— e produce of wheat will be good. aa well in quality quantity. How the harvest may terminate in the north, will, of course,in a great measure, depend on the weather. Should we be favored with a fine Sep- tember, the deficiency in that direction would proba- bly not be important; but that the yield aud quality wit both be inferior to the crop of last year, in the home, the western, and southern counties, is certain. The very unpromising aspect of many of the cornfields in Eesex and Kent has no doubt made a great impres- sion on parties in the habit of judging from the ap- pearance of affairs in particular localities, and may bave caused a somewhat too unfavorable estimate to be formed of our prospects. On the whole, we think it by no means improbable that the yield, though unques- tionably deficient, taking the kingdom collectively, may after all turn out sufficiently well to insure us against very high prices. The rates now current will pay growers well, and are certainly above what they Paioulated on obtaining. It is consequently more than poe: thet, as soon as harvest operations ave been completed, the deliveries from the farmers will increase ; and, as we may also calculate on con- tinued large supplies of potatoes, any further rise in the value of food would, we think, be checked, if the weather should prove tolerably propitious for finishing the harvest. On the other hand, it must be acknow- ledged that the grain still o:t in the fields, whether cut or standing, isin ® very precarious position, and that a longer continuance of wet weather might ocoa- sion such anextent of mischief as would be likely to lead to a further considerable rise in prices. Thetrade in wheat has, during the week, remained in a some- what excited state; but the enhanced terms de- manded by sellers have not been very freely paid by the millers; hence the transactions have been rather circumecribed. Inthe neighborhood of Liverpool the storm of Mon- day appears to have been particularly severe; and, on the following day, holders of grain were very high in tbeir pretensions. For free wheat 4d. to 6d., bonded 8d. per 70 Ibs. more was asked than en day se’nnight ; and all other kinds of grain, as well as flor nd meal, were held at materially enhanced rates. Later in the week there was much less disposition to purchase. Wheat was, however, held firmly on Friday, at the above advance ; but flour declined 6d. per sack. ‘At mort of the other large consuming markets in the north, held on Tueeday, from 3s. to 4s. per qr. more was realized for wheat ; indeed. a rise to that extent has been pretty general all over the kingdom. By our letters from Scotland, we learn that the weather had been Age? in the early part of the week ; which circumstance, together with the animated reports from the south, had caused wheat to beheld at enhancedterms. At Edinburgh, on Wednesday, the article was quoted 3s. to4s. per qr. higher ; and at Glasgow. on the same day, the advance was 1s. to 2s. per boll. According to the mort recent advices from Ireland, it appears that the potato disease was rapidly spread- The Princess’s will next season depend upon opera | ing in all parts of the island; but, as very large sup- plies of the article had been forced into the different markets, the consumption of flourand meal had been 0 greatly reduced that sellers of wheat, &c., had experienced rome difficulty in obtaining an advance corresponding with that ately established on this side of the channel ‘The arrivals of wheat coastwise into London have been quite moderate; only 3.407 qrs. having! been re- ported up to this (Saturday) evening. ‘The quantity brought forward at Mark lane by lana carriage samples has meanwhile been very small. On ‘Wednesday there were only a few runs from Essex, consisting principally of what was left over from the previous market day. On the Kent stands scarcely a sample was exhibited. The millers acted with a good deal of caution, but they were evidently disposed to buy where they could succeed in doing so at Monday’s currency; this, however, was hardly practicable, some further enbancement being in most cases demanded an fa , consequently few Mag ee were closed. ‘he weather, though still showery. had rather a more settled appearance on Friday than in the early part of the week, and this circumstance had some slight effect, inasmuch as buyers were thereby enco' 'd to holi ol off, and prices were not higher at the close than in the | commencement of the week. The recent advance is | mow beginning to tell on the avers ages the last weekly return for the kingdom being 51s., and that for Lon- don 55s. 1Jd. periqr; hence @ further decline in the duty may be looked for in the course of a week or two, and many parties are sanguine as to its recedingin the month of September to 4s. per qr. Importers of | foreign are therefore lending all that arrives under and, as purchases of free wheat continue to be made daily, by buyers from different parts of the country, our stocks in granary are being gradually di- minished. The transactions in free foreign wheat ‘were not Lp iern Ap es dapcae either on Wednesday or Friday; still many small sales were effected at very full nd the turn was decidedly in favor of the seller. Holders of bonded have become s0 con- fident material decline taking e inthe duty, that bonded parcels have been held at rates not more than 4s, to 5s. per gr. below those at which similar qualities of free might have been purchased; notwith- standing which, several lots have changed hands. The attention of purchasers has, however, been princi- ally directed to floating cargees or parcels free on ard at foreign ports, and relatively higher prices have been paid for cargoes not likely to arrive fora month or two than for wheat on th it, proving that the prevailing opinion is in favor of a further rise. For the best qualities to be shipped from Danzig, 56s.; for Rostock, 588.; and for Polish Odessa, 50s. to 52s. qr. has been demanded. These very high rates caused some degree of caution on the part of speculators, and the ains closed have not been so numerous as they probably would have been, if hold- ers had been less extravagant in their pretensions, The millers report quite a falling off in the sale of flour.whick has, no doubt, been partly caused bya larg consumption than usual of potatoes. The advance of { hie J has, nevertheless, been firmly insisted on. There bas been an inquiry for bonded flour. and the article has been held at about 1s, per barrel higher. The supply of home-grown barley has been quite trifling. and the arrivals from abroad have also 2 small sides a good local inquiry, we have had rather an active country demand, and sellers have been en- ed to realize an improvement of 1s, per quarter on last Monday’s currency. Altogether, a large quantity has been cleared off the market, ceive further assistance from abroad, pricer are hkely to tend upwards. particularly for the {finer descrip- tions, as the quality of this year’s growth will be coarse. The rire in barley has affected the value of malt, ant purchasers of the latter article have had to pay enhanced rat ‘The arrivals of oats have amounted to 22510 qra. inclusive of foreign, The supply coastwise and from Ireland has been very small, upwards ot 21,000 arters® of the quantity reported being from | abroad. The dealers have, throughout the week, been rather free buyers, and, on the whole, a lurge business has been done. Most of the rales made on Wednes- day were at prices quite 6d per quarter above those previously current ; and a further rise to the same extent was generally inristed on, on Friday, which had. however, the effect of checking business The deliveries of English beans have been small, and the few lots brought forward have found ready takers at Monday's quotations Egyptian beans have been held for an advance of Is per quarter, Peas have been much sought after and foreign, as well as those of home growth, have reelized about 2s. Perit more than they could have been sold for om Monday. There have been inquiries for floating cargoes of In- dian corn, but the liants of the Irish orders have not ermitted the payment of the terms asked by holders ; Bente few bar ps have been conclu For fine heavy Galatz ax much ay 36s, to J8s per qe , cost and freight, hax been demanded From the tenor of the most recently received ad- views from the continent, we have reason to believe that the barvest will turn out very fa-orable in most of those countries from which Great Britain isin the habit of drawing supplies, the weather having been much more auspicious abroad than with us The late advance in our markets, and the belief that Great Bri tin Would be likely to require large supplies of foreign corp. had. however, bad the effect of causing holders toraire their pretensions, and advanced rates had been every where asked tor wheat At Dandig. prices rose upon receipt of the London letters of the 14th ; aud for high-mixed, not much bet- ter than bad a day or two befure been wold at 424. per qr. 47¢, wax paid; whilst for mixed and fine mixed, 498 to 448 Od pergr freeon board wasrealized, Chere were hardly apy rtocks im warehouse, and sopolies had come forward bot rparingly, Freight to London bed riren to 4e, and to Liverpool to 4s 6d, per qr. for wheat vervels having becomes carce From Siettio we bave leviers of the 21st, which state inauspicious in that country and, unless we re- , mere money; fine 62ibs. Pomeranian having been held at 42s. and good 60 to Gliba Uekermark at 40s todle. per qr., free on bourd. In pring corn very little business bad beem done. Pomeranian, barley had been held at equal to 20s. per qr , free om board, At Rostock the old stocks appear to have become quit exbaveted; and, a* farmers had been too busily engaged in the fields to bring much eora to market, the transactions had necessarily been small. No one Was disposed Co make offers free on board, aud our cor- Tespendent gives no quotations The advices from Konigsberg are of the 19th inst There bad not been much doing in wheat, owing to the bigh rates asked. Common red had been held at 40s. and fine mixed at 46s. per qr., free on board. At Hamburg, on Tursday, there was a good deal of excitement, owing to the animated reports from hen Most of the » heat on the spot bad been sold, and there were but few offers from outports. The last sale of Up- land had been ut equal to 48s per qr. free on board ; and for a parcel of good quality, to be shipped from Holstein 45s. per qr had been paid, A good deal of rain appears to have fallen in that neighborhood. by which the crops might, it was apprehended, receive injar ‘Allover the Mediterranean prices of wheat and in- dian corp have risen, since it has become known that England would be likely to require to import largely of bread stuffs, Bank of England. An account, pursuant to the Act 7th and 8th Vio., chap. 82, for the week ending Saturday, the 26th day of August, 1848, Notes issued... ... InayR DBPARTMRNTs se a 6,803,120 vernment Debt. .£11,016,1¢ SSID) Other Securiica Bul Gold Coin and Mom...» 200 Silver Bullion. £26,553,120 BANKING DEPARTMENT. Capital. £14,563,000 Government 8,556,686 Pro) Public Deposits (in- Dead eluding —_Exche- oT ea Sioners of National Debt, and Divi- dend Accounts), Other Deposits. Seven Day and other 1,082,676 £32,746,518 Markets. Loxpon Moxry Marx, Sept. 1.—Friday, 2 P. M.— The accounts received from Paris this morning have excited t interest, and have in some measure re- vived extended continental war. T ig by the French govern- ment, with their military preparations, leave little doubt of the part intended to be taken in the event of the joint mediation being rejected by Austria. On the other hand, it is mot considered probable that the Austrian government would reject mediation of England and France, if she stood alone in the matter, and itis consequently concluded that an assurance o! enpport either actually been given, or is relied upon. from the E) or of Russia. These are the views and conjectures formed upon the subject here, which have thrown considerable gloom over some departments of business this rks 2 Consols commeneed fer the account this morning at 861/, since which they have declined to 85%, both for money and account. The feeling and opinion of Sir Charles Wood’s method of selling stock is, that if £100,000 had been brought upon the market this mor- ning, it could not have been disposed of at 85. There have beep no very large transactions in Consol that the market has ually slipped away under the influence of minor operations. A moderate amount of business has been done in Foreign Securities. Portuguese Four per Cents have £32,746,618 been done at 22% a 34, 8) ish Five per Cents 1234 44, the Three per Cents 34, Peruvian 2934, Mexican 16%, Russian 98 ex div., Dutch Two-and-a-half per Cents 44% 45.4, and the Four per Cent Certificates 70% 7034. Nothing jar tted is has occurred in Railway Shares. Quarter before 8, P. M.—Consols for Account, 85% %. In the Public Securities of the United States of Ame- rica.—United States 6's per cent, 963 ; NewYork 6's, 90.1; Pennsylvania 5's, 66.8; Oblo 6's, 88.00; Massa- chusetts 5’, 98100; Indiana 5's, 30; Illinois 6's, 856; South Carolina 5's, 80; Maryland 5's, 67.9; Alabama 6's, 53 a 58.60; Kentucky 6's, 88, gg Lity Stocks.—New York 5, 80.2; New Orleans 5's . The following table shows the fluctuations in Con- sols from August 26 to September 1. For Money, Highest, Clovis 36. os 6 Por Account, Sept. Friday, 1, ..8534. .. 86. Panis, Bourse, Thursday, Aug. 31. Italy, and the rather warlike langu: sumed to-day by some of the leading journals, has & depressing effect on the market to-day, and prices are again gene- rally lower ; Threes closing at 4if., Fives at 72f. 25c.; and New Loan at 72f. Bank of France Shares have declined 10f. The market closed as follows:—Three per Cents for cash, 44f., for account 44f. 25c.; Five er cents for cash, 72f. 250.; for account, 72, ‘he railway share market has come in for its share of heaviness, and prices at the close were generally lower, although the variation has not been very material. Loxpox Conn Marxet, Sept. 1.—We had last even- ing one of the most feurfal storms of thunder and lightning, acoompanied with heavy rain, that has been known for many years. This morning is fine, but a much cooler atmosphere. The import duties’ on all grain declined a step yesterday, to which we beg re- ference. At this day’s market factors were willing sellers of wheat at Monday's rates, but buyers prac- tired so much reserve that little business was trans- acted. Indian corn has receded 2s. to 3s. per qr. Bar- ley in moderate request. Malt quiet. Beans and peas dificult of sale, without yielding to lower prices. The oat trade has lost the tone of last week; the dealers are more inclined to realize than to increase their stocks, and we experienced a more retail sale at rather less money. Livenroo. Conn Market, Sept. 1.—The weather has been fine during the greater part of this week, consequently the trade has not been so brisk as last reported. On the 29th there was a slender attendance of the trade, and the weather being extremely fine and bright, the transactions were extremely limited for every ar:icle. Free wheat maintained the prices of that day week, which were scarcely s0 good as at the | close of the week. Bonded was inquired for, but few | parcels offered. A few parcels of Scotch and Irish new wheat appeared; quality very damp, and, | pease A | yery inferior, and was sold at 88 2d. to 8s. 3d. per 70 | Tbs. Oats and oatmeal were scarce. and fully as dear. Barley, beans and peas were held for extreme rates, but the demand was not active. Flour was rather dearer. The enquiry for Indian cern being nearly sus- nded, prices gave way 3s. per 480 lbs., and cornmeal with difficulty realized 17s. 6d. per bbl. The market has latterly been very inactive, and on yesterday there was a thin attendance, and only a very trivial amount of business took plac Wheat has declined 3d. to 4d. per 70 Ibs, and flour 1s. per bbl. We had a slight demand for indian corn at a reduction of about 1s. per 480 lbs. on yellow, and the prices of Tuesda: for white. it prices. Indian meal being scarce, commands fu Liverroot Corton Manker, Sept. 1.—Cotton, rest- ing upon its present low price, maintains its ground steadily. We are somewhat encouraged to look for a better state of things, by the little improvement in Manchester, and the more favorable harvest we: But. onthe other hand, abundance promi: the coming cotton crop chec speo e enterprise, and indnces importers to sell rather than hold over to an uncertain future. Our «uotations, with the exce tion of Orleans, remains as before, namely, fair Up- lands 4}¢d., fairgMobile 44, and fair Orleans at 45 1000 American have been taken on culation, and 6230 American, 640 Pernam, and 30@ Bengal for export. Sales of the week, 39,410 bales Liverroot Prices Current, for the week ending Friday, Sept, 1—(Arranged by, a Committee of Bro; kers ]—There has been a better inquiry, for sugar, and higher prices have been paid for refining descriptions; the sales consist of 600 hhds. B. P., 5,000 bags East India, and 1,000 mats Mauritius, |Foreign—The busi- ness of the week amounts to 550 hhda., 60 bbls. Porto Rico, 400 bags and bbls. Brazil, and 150 bags Vene- zuela, at steady prices; besides a small cargo of white i consisting of 2,100 tt 28. 3d. erewt.in bond, deli been a revival in th ‘anced rates have been obtained; the sales amount to 730 puns. and inelude"Barbadoes and Trinidad, at 17s. 6d, and Anti it 18s. 6d. percwt. Coffee—" es of Jamaica are confined to W0 tierces of ordinary unclean quality at 30s. per cwt. Of foreign, the sales are 250 bags Rio, at 628., and 1,900 bags St. Domingo, at S68. 6d. to 26s, Od. per cwt.; 2,100 bags old Laguayra also were offered by public auction, but very little di | Position to purchase was evinced,’ and only 430 bags ound buyers, at 32s, to 86s, per owt. 100 bags Guayaquil and St. Domingo cocon sold at 28s, to 2s, per owt , and 300 bags black pepper, at 24d. to 2hd. per Ib No sales of ginger or pimento, Rice—70 tierces Carolina brought 235 to 248, being rather dearer ; but the market for Bengal has given way a little, an About 150 bales Turkey madder roots have been disposed of. prin- cipally at 308. 60 bales Naples roots realized ae ewt. About 50 tons Philadelphia bark have been sold at previous prices, Full prices’ have been paid for about 40 tons olive,im small lots. 30 tons » brought £25, 20 tons cod £23. and afew tons £26 per ton, Pale rape oil brought 38s, to 38s 6d per ewt, Spirits of turpentine are again dearer 4,000 tons of palm oil bave been sold at £28 to £29 108. 22 bales ir yarn sold at £17 10s. per toa, The tallow market has been briek, and prices have advanced per ewt, Lard in fair demand at fully last week’s rates INTELLIGENCE T0 THE LATEST MOMENT RECEIVED FROM LONDON AND DUBLIN, LIVERPOOL, BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH AND SPECIAL EXPRESS FOR THE NBW YORE HERALD. Liverpoot, Saturday, Sept. 2. The Europa is about to start. I herewith send by her the news received to the latest moment, tor the New York Herald, by electric telegraph and special engine express. England, Rather more business doing in Foreign Exchanges yesterday, but rates remain the same as on Tuesday. ‘The Times’ city article says a fiat in bankruptcy has been opened against Mr. Ed. Newcomen, partner in th® firm of Cockerell, Larpent & Co., London, and of Cookerell & Co., Caloutta. A society, for promoting the periodical sittings of the Imperial Parliament in Dublin, has been formed under very influential and distinguished auspices. The society meets at 112 Abbey street, amd the secretary is Mr. Thomas E. Webb. They have issued a statement of their object and principles ; to obtain, without clamor: a session of the Imperial Parliament, to be held periodi- cally in Dublin—instead of being constantly held in London. The Society disavows any party motives, but argues that the step is perfectly practicable, and would certainly be greatly for the good of Ireland, if it can be carried out. A petition to the Queen, upon this subject, has been acknowledged in the following gracious manner, by Sir George Grey’s Secretary :— [Corv.] Wrirenart, Aug. 24, 1848, Sin :—I am directed by the Secretary of Sir George Grey, to inform you that he has not failed to lay be- fore the Queen the petition which you transmitted to him for presentation, signed by a numerous body of Her Majesty's Irish subjects, praying that the Imperial Parliament may be held, from time to time, in the city of Dublin, T have the honor to be, Sir, your ob. servt., Cc, LEWIS. ToS. Blackall, Esq., M. P., L. U.S. C. The mail steamer Petrel has arrived at Falmouth, from South America. Vienns, Berlin, Rome, and Paris are all tranquil. Ireland. BY SPECIAL EXPRESS. By our own special reporter, who left Dublin last night for Liverpool, we have the following intelligence from Ireland :— The special commission for the trials of the insur- gents, has been fixed at Nenagh forthe 19th inst. The presiding judges will be the chief justice of the Queen’s bench, and chief justice Doherty. ‘We understand that all the captive leaders, in- cluding Mr. Duffy, will be tried at this commission. Lord and lady John Russel arrived in Dublin on Fri- day night. It is said that Lord Geo. Bentinck will visit Ireland immediately after the prorogation of Parliament, no- minally, on a visit to his friend, the Marquis of Down- shere ; but, in reality, to ascertain what practical le- gislative measure can be originated, and carried out for the social and political improvement pf that mis- fortunate country. The weather continues fine, and the harvest pros” pects, consequenty, are improving, Mr. T. B. McManus, of Liverpool, one of the con” federatce against whom a State warrant was out, and who had once escaped from custody in Dublin, was taken at Cork, on board the American ship N. Chase, in which he was about to sail for New York, andin disguise, under the name of Corcoran. The French Republic, Paris advices, dated yesterday, have come to hand, They inform us that the city was much excited, in consequence of the warlike and determined tone of the government on the affairs between Austria and Italy. It is confidently expected, that should Austria persist in rejecting the offered mediation of France and England, that the former, with the cordial appro- bation of England, will adopt, witbout delay, meesures of a coercive character, to compel the settlement of the dispute. The funds had o rather downward tendency. The reports from the interior are satisfactory. Trade, how- ever, was dull. Caussiditre has been seen at Ostend, but was not molested. The army of the Alps has increased to 100,000 men, and would march with orders to defend the Italian States against the inroads of Austria. The foreign exchanges in London are steady, with. out any change worthy of notice in prices. The Bank of France returnsare again very favorable for the advancement of the commercial position of France. The Assembly had under discussion the question of the hours of labor. A later dispatch from Paris, states that the French fquadron has positive orders to sail for Venice, and to take the most determined defence of that city. Italy. Gamboli has been defeated, and disarmed. Belgium. Antwerp letters of the 3lst, have come to hand. — They report that trade was dull, and exchange on London, 25.41 to 25.42, Naples. Advices from Naples to 26th ult. are before us, by which we learn that the funds were firm, and price? hadan upward tendency. ‘The prohibition of com" municating by letter with Sicily, had caused a very terious inconvenience in commercial circles. Sielly, Messina letters mention that a constant cannona- ding, day and night, had been kept up by the Nea- politan garrison against a daring band of Sicilians, who had endeavored to create riot and disorderin the city. Germany. Hamburg letters of the 31st ult. are to hand, and are more eatisfactory in the tone as regards business matters, which are said to be improving in consequence of the armistice between Denmark and Germany. Affairs in Austria. Our correspondent, writing on the — ult., informs ‘us that the Assembly has ordered the estates of Prince Metternich to be confiscated. The Cabinet is said to be divided on the affairs of Lombardy; two of the min- istry withstand the Diet, and are opposed to sur- 10.000 bags sold at 10s. Od. to 18s. 6d. for broken to very ood white. Rum—There is a fair inquiry, and more usiness would be done were importers willing to ac- capt previous prices; the sales are‘limited to 100 pun- cheons Demerara, 23 to 28 per cent O. P, at 28. 3d to 2), 94.. with a few common lewarda, at 1s. 10d. per | gallon. Tea—There has been rather more done this week in both biacks and greens, but no sdvancein | price can be quoted. About 500 chests of indigo were offered on Thursday last, consisting chiefly of Beng: | which sold at very full prices for the consuming kinds, but the thippers went off rather easier; 200 chests of gum arabic have also been dispored of, at prices barely supporting previous rates; 120 eheste of shell Jnc told at ids, bd. to Soe, Od. for orange kind. rather biecky, and in proportion for other sorts, 15 chests | Ine dye at 7d, @ few bales safflower at 140s., some dead | cowries at 40s, and 300 bags Bombay linseed at 434 few tmall sulex and gambler | in the same dull state, and 0 | Nitrate of sodais without chang sold wt lls, 3d. a 6d. perewt Guano—Nothiag doing Dyeweods—The business done in logwood amounts t 160 tons Campeachy, at od In fustio to 200 tons, # for Savanilla, £4 15s, to £ £8 ba to £8 108 for Cuba, and Cabello. and in Nicaragua wood to about 30 tone, at rather bigher prices for best quality. Tarpentine t+ in demand and bas again advanced « parcel of 240 bbie, of fue quality having brought (e, to 04 2d. per et. American rosin much inquired for, and i# again higher; reveral hundred bbls sold at 3s, 44, to Ba, 6d end pone new cflered below the latter orice: 500 bbl tranrparent sold at Gr, tolls Nogales reported in r Montreal pot ashes have been in good demand. nd 27) bas been obtained for 300 to 400 bla ; sina tales of pearls have been made at 31s toa Hides— ‘The public rales on Tuesday were heavy and only mall portion found buyers, Only a limited deman: Jor brimstone: 160 tons were sold at £5 to £5 78, Od about 7a, Od for Ceara, 5 5s for Paerto rendering it. The trial of the republican editors re- rulted in their acquittal, There was much exultation on the occasion, We have advices in London, this morning, from which we make the following extracts :~ M. Wessenburg declares that Austria will not aban- don Lombardy. Venice. The blockade has been raised. By a decree of the Council the Jesuits have been banished, 7 Sardinia, The insurrection at Leghorn has been suppressed entirely, without further lors Russia, The Rob Roy steamer has arrived from St. Peters burgh; she brought £170,000 in gold. on account of the Russian Government, @ The letters by the Rob Roy state that business was quiet. Hemp, tallow, &c., were in fair request. Freight* were heavy, and exchange on London ruled from 30i¢ to 87, The accounts respecting the harvest were not Fatisfactory ; nevertheless, the demand for wheat was very limited, and prices nominal. An outbreak of the Mobiles is daily expected, The Latest Market Kepor Livenvoos Corron Manet, Saturday, Sept, 2 The cotton market, to-day, like that of yesterday, exhibited less energy than ft did about the middle of the week ; probably the day's sale will reach 4000 ‘Dales, at yesterday's prices, Li 1. Conn Manker, Saturday, Sept. 2 No change in prives sinee yesterday; and we have hot and beautiful, to-day. nud promises to continue. Mancuester Cons et. September 2, ‘The past week bas been very favorable for harvest ope- rations. The grain trade has. therefore, lost the buoyan- cy of the last two or three weeks. [ntluenced by the pro- ceedings in both London wud Liverpool, the mar- ket here has been very quiet, aud to-day we open with a very limited demand, at a decline of 4d. per bushel on wheat, and 34 to 1-6 per bbl. on flour, Indian corn is also 28, a 38. per quarter cheaper, whilst all other ar- ticles of the trade are either cheaper or held at merely nominal prices. Deniix Coux Manxer, Sept. 1, 1848, ‘We have very fine weather, and in the mar- ket for grain, prices are looking downwards. Of foreign arrivals we have but a small quantity.— There was, at to-day’s market, a good show of samples of new wheat, the condition of which varied greatly. The reports of the crops of grain generally, from the country, are more favorable; and the same remarks, to some extent, may be said to apply to the potato crop. The failure will, however, be great this year. . Gtascow, Friday Night. Our market for pig iron continues without change There are, to-day, but few vellers, and none cap be bought under 45s. 6d. tor No. 1, for cash.— We have had a very fine and bright day here, ~ which has infused spirit into our commercial mart —the share market is consequently looking up, and the grain down. We may further remark, that, im commercial matters generally, an improved feeling was. manifested on 'Change and in other business places. Hut Manxer, Sept. 1. At our corn market to-day there was a fair show of samples of wheat, Foreign and English is limited. The farmers seem to be holding for higher rates. A good business was done to-day in wheat, and at an advance on the previous Friday’s prices of from 1sto 2s; new did not find buyers. The supply of lin- seed has been large, and at the sales effected the pre- vious rates were obtained. Tar isin good demand, and at previous prices. The tallow market is better, and higher prices obtained. Commercial matters are generally favorable. Havng, Sept. 1, 1848. The cotton market is firm, but sales small. Mancuestex Goops—Yann Manxer, Sept. 2, The intelligence of an armistice between Germany and Denmark, has given a firmer tone to this market. Holders of both goods a. d yarn are very firm in their ~ operations, and, although the business doing to-day is not extensive, still higher prices are, im some cases, asked. Were it not for the position of affairs betweer Austria and Italy, which indirectly affects the mar- ket, considerably buoyancy and activity would pre- vail. The state of employment throughout this dis- trict is still on the improving scale. NEW YORK HERALD: South-West Corner vf Fulton and Nassau site JAMES GORUON BENNET®, PROPRIETOR, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. PARK THEATRE—CoRi0Lanus—-SiGnoRa CroccA AND Sionon Neri—Eron Boy. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Dxsravcrion oF tHE BAt- itz Roznsn’s Wire—Yousc Scamp, ADWAY ‘THEATRE, Broadway—-Ricttanicv— Box anv Cox, NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham Street—Inror Wirvess —Mysrenixs any Mernizs or New Yorx—Woor Deairr, NIBLO'S, ASTOR PLACE—Lvcra vt Lasuei wor Nononna, BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers Street—Orn Guanp— Comve—Suxixo THe ELEPHANT. GASTLE GARDEN—Mvsica Ent eRraInMents, BOCIETY LIBRARY—Camrseii’s Mivereeis jOOR—SiG- PANORAMA HALL—Barvary’s Panoramas, MELODEON—Macio Mysticism anv Vincrmia Serkan DERs. TABERNACLE—Monavian MivetReis’ Concert. PANORAMA HALL, corner Broadway and Walker street— Sacnep Dioramas. New York, Friday, September 15, 1848, Actual Circulation of the Herald. Sept. 14, Thursday. «+ 21,096 copies ‘The publication of the ning ition Herald com- Tast 8 ofeloaky and finished xb 01 at 15 minutes — bp 7 Cid re = Cpe _ . oom- menced at 15 minutes past 1 o'clook, and finished ‘clocks ‘the seoond at 3 o'clock Pond Gnished at 20 minutes past 3 o'clock, The News from Europe—Position of France. By the arri of the steamship Europa at this port, we have received seven days’ later intelli- gence from Europe than what we were previously in possessio: Our citizens did not expect that the political intelligence, which that steamer was expected to convey to us, would be of much mport- ance or moment. A great many of them did sup- pose, however, that she would bring tidings of a con- tinuance of unfavorable harvesting weather in England and Ireland, and information to the effect that, in all probability, a large demand for our corm and breadstufls would be made upon us. The expectation in each instance has been disap- pointed. The commercial intelligence conveyed tous by the Europa is not of the character ex- pected, and the political news 1s of the greater consequence. In the European political world, France, of course, occupies the most prominent position, and justlyso. For ages she has been one of the lead~ ing European nations, and possessing a prestige and a power inferior to none, her movements, and the part she would play in the drama now being enacted in Europe, are matters of the greatest mo- ment to the whole civilized world. Her policy has been for some time a matter of doubt and specula- tion, especially in regard to tfe affairs of Italy- It has, on the whole, tended more to the preserva” tion of peace than tothe encouragement of war. In this respect the French republic of the year 1848 essentially diflers from the French republic of 1793. The old republic sought to dissemmate republican principles by a free use of the bayonet; but the mo- dern French republic appears to have adopted a po- licy directly the reverse of that. Peace has been the watchword of France since the dethronement of Louis Philippe; and, according to all appearances and indtcations, the peac: policy will be more suc$ cesstul in the promulgation of republican princi- ples, than would be the policy adopted by the old republic. But this peace policy, since the eleva- tion to supreme power of General Cavaignac has been pursued for a two-fold object; first, that of suppresssing the insurrecuonary spirit in the capital, and thereby preserving the existence of the government, and also that of being pre™ pared fully to resist aggression from other: European and monarchical countries. By this policy the new French republic has so far succeeded in maintaining the peace of Eu- rope, and has successfully prevented foreign combinations against her. She has been fully prepared for war; and being so prepared, Eng land, her old rival and enemy, covered with debts and positively unable to cope with her, has studiously avoided a collision with her. The same may be said of the other countries which, in former times, were numbered among the Holy Al+ lance. Those countries, then so ready to combine in opposition to republican principles, are forced, by the instinct of self-preservation, to devote their energies to the prevention of combustion of the in+ flammable materials within their own borders. ‘The armed interference of France, in the diffi. culty between Italy and Austria, which, at the sailing of the Europa, was momentarily expected, may put another phase on the matter. According 10, the accounts which have reached us by that steamshjp, such an interference was momentarily expected ; and it rests with General Cavaignac, who 18 the Napoleon of peace, as much as Bona* parte was of war, to say whether this peace policy shall be infringed upon, or not, in that matter, If Mt be, no one can predict what the ultimate conge« quences may be. It may lead to a general Euros pean war, the results of which no mortal can pre- diet ; but it is quite certain, according to present appearances, that General Cuvaignac holds in the hollow of his hand the general peace of Europe. The next sten ehip will, probably, bring us intel hgence on which an option can be safely formed,