The New York Herald Newspaper, September 6, 1848, Page 1

oor E NEW YORK HERALD. ————— — NO. 5208. ‘ "INTERESTING PROM SOUTH AMERICA. The Affairs of La Plata. SPECIAL DESPATCHES NEW YORK HERALD. We had anarrival yesterday from Buenos Ayres, with accounts as late as the 28th of June. The Frederick Ernst, the brought us also some very interesting letters from our correspondents, by which it will be seen that the blockade has at ast been raised at Buenos Ayres and at Ensenada. At the latter place, many vessels of all nations were lying, including some belonging to the blockading parties, The bark Maid of Orleans, of Salem, was the first vessel to enter Buenos Ayres under the new | arrangements. ‘The letters we subjoin, and they will be found xeplete with interest. ~ Ensenapa, Province or Buenos Ayres, June 10, 1848. t 1 have spent the greater part of the last summer intravelling through the country, and in examining | its character and productions, and the manners and habits of its people. I may, perhaps, hereafter, give you the result of my observations. For the present, I will only say, that the country is one of | great capacity and beauty, and the climate one of | the most delightful in the world. The whole country, a8 you are aware, 1s one wide-spread ‘pampa, or prairie, und is mach more easily brought nto cultivation than our prairies of the West. At present, it 1s almost erly laid off into immense tracts, called estancias, and devoted to purposes of rrazing——the raising of cattle, horses, and sheep. ‘hey raise, comparatively, but little wheat and corm, or any other produce. Such has been the troubled and fluctuating state of the country, for many years past, in consequence of revolu- tions, wars, and domestic feuds, that agriculture has made no progress, One of the spent menits | of the present able and distinguished Governor, Rosas, is his attachment to agriculture, and his Jong continued and energetic efforts to intro- duce a better system—or, rather, some system— of husbandry amongst his countrymen. It was from the plough, aud from the emplovments of the field, that he was first called to his present position. Still, agriculture hasymade little or no ogress. The greater part of the land lies as un- 125 ren by the plough as it was three hundred yearaago. Yet, I cannot but suppose that a coun- try sofertile, so easily cultivated, and with a cli- mate so mild, will, some day, sustain a popula- tion bearing some proportion to its extraordinary advantages. aioe The present state of affairs, in regard to its foreign relations, is really a most extraordinary one.. The English and French governments having, in the most unnecessary and the most unjust manner, presented themselves, as forcible interventors in the internal and domestic affairs of these countries, they have inflicted the greatest evils and distresses, not only on the people of these yovernments, but upon all that vast neutral commerce which had its connection with these ‘waters. This intervention is realy one of the greatest outrages of modern times. It had no ex- use or justification, It was gratuitous and un- provaked. And the blockade, which was resorted to, as a co-ercive measure, has been conducted an the most unjustifiable and unprecedented manner. That meddling and grasping spirit which has, from time to time, excited these in- tervening governments to interiere in the political afiairs cf this continent, seems to have urged them into the present outrage. A spirit of colo- mizing, on the part of the French ; a desire for cotton lands and more markets, on the part of the Inglish; speculation, profit, and plunder, on the part of both, were some of the very disinterested and harmless motives which have ‘involved these countries, and all holding commercial relations with them, in such lasting anjuries, and yexatious losses. The motives which prompted the undertaking were bad. The policy by which it was guided, proceeded upon a miscalculation. The measure was a_ political blunder, and all the negotiations by which it has -been conducted, have been political blunders also. Tt was founded in injustice ; it has been prosecu- ted in‘folly. What a spectacle do the governments of Eng- Jand and France present! They wantonly inflict- ed the gravest outrage w the sovereign rights of an‘ unofiending peop After blockades and bombshells had been tried without effect, they resorted to the power and arts of diplomacy. Negotiation after negotiation has been set on foot ; missions and ministers have followed each other ‘with the regularity and almost with the rapidity ot the seasons. Palmerston and Guizot have employed their choc st logic and keenest Negotiators to carry out their olicy, yet all have failed) Why? Jusuly, simply because Governor Roses planted himse/! resolutely and immoveably upon his sovereign rights, and determined never to yield them, never to surrender them, be the consequence what it might. Unanimously sus- tained by his people, the simple power of truth has, so tar, prevailed our diplomacy and force. And thus, governments that call themselves wwerful, see themsevles batiled in their purposes, Because ‘those purposes are weak and wicked ; and because they have neither the magnaaimity éo withdraw voluntarily from a false position, nor the moral courage to prosecute so unjust a cause, with the rigors of actual war. The present mission, like all that has preceded at, has tailed. These ministers came instructed with the bright idea of attempting to separate Generel Oribe from General Rosas, and thus to patch up an arrangement, without the consent of the Jauer, leaving all the questions pertaining to the rivers, and go forth, open—truitful nest-eggs, to be hereafter warmed and hatched by circum- stances, into renewed controversy and outrage. General Oribe agreed to certain propositions, sub- ject to the approval of his confederate and ally, Governor Rosas. Governor Rosas. disapproved them, and showed that they were inadmissible. At this point, negotiations ceased. At this mo- ment, too, the news of the revolution in France arrived, and the functions of Baron Gros ceased also. He returns to France in a few days, and is to be replaced, as rumor has it, by Berier. The portof Ensenada, from which I am writing, about 30 miles below. the city of Buenos Ayyea is now open, and is filled with the vessels of al nations, including several of England and France themselves. The blockading force is withdrawn from this place, bur still remains before Buenos Ayree. Upon what principle the next chapter of nego- tiations will open, remains to be seen. Should I get back from a trip up the Rages which I now contemplate taking, in time to do so, I shall let you know. Ensenapa, June 19, 1848. Iwrote you a few days ago from this port, since cwhen, very important changes in the affairs of the river, have taken place. We are just informed here, that day before yesterday, Admiral Le Pré- dour, the commander of the French naval forces in the Plate, officially notified the Buenos Ayrean government that the blockade was raised on the west side of the river ; but that it would be rigidly enforced on the east side, and against all ports and places occupied by the forces under the com- amand of General Oribe. Whatever motive may have influenced this measure on the part of the intervenérs; the advantage to our mercantile in- terests 4s the same. {t was troly time that a change should be made. ‘The preceedings in this river, during the last three ypars, have no parallel in modern times. -For my, own part.I do" not hesitate to characterise the hicy heretofore pursued iby. the governments of England and Frarce, as the most unjuskand foolish that ever was projected or prosecuted by any fet of men postessing common understandin, . Foolish ! utterly unwise ! grossly unjust! I"oolis! and unwise, as a coercive measure against Go- vernor Rosas, inasmuch as it did not mcommode him in the least; and unjust, to the last degree, ainst neutral and unoffending parties, whose commerce was taxed and burthene with the expense of its prosecution. By a re- me of the vessel arrived, | world, whilst pretending to enforce a legal block- ade, and under color of international law, but with the avowed and openly CEPI Tel rons of supporting a small concern in Montevideo, called a government, but entirely divested of all nation- ality. Had any other nation than that of Great Pritam, and her late gracious ally, been guilty of | § chglaring injustice, such inexcusable outrages— | fi t, upon a weak and unoflending people—and, ol | secondly, upon the most important rights and in- | terests of neutrals—how would he indigaation of | that government, and the wrath of her statesmen, been fulminated against the offending party!’ How | would the modest Tvmes have uttered its disdain- tul sarcasms, its withering scorn, its arrogant | abuse, and huiled sts editorial bolts against such conduct of a different party, so wholly without ex- | cuse or palliation, as this of its own government. | Its wrath wouid have known no bounds; Its de- nunciations would have exceeded the roar of the lion—they would have arisen to the dignity of thunder. But here has been a system of legally organised piracy—in legal acceptation, it 18 noth- ing else—in operation for nearly three years, and not only the great embodiment of wisdom and po- litical‘morality, the 7¥mes, but all christendom, is silent. Greatevents elsewhere appear to have ab- goibed public attention.; and this small outrage, this modest attack upon the sovereign rights of two independent and unoffending governments, and plundering upon the commercial interests of all the world besides, has been left to the manage- ment and caprice of agents, whose great distance from home seems to have relieved them from all wholesome responsibility, and to have allowed the pastions or the whims ot the moment to dictate or prosecute a series of measures, affecting in a vital manner the most sacred rights of nations and of individuals. Well, after a thousand fluctuations and modhfi- cations of their measures, they have at last raised the blockade from this side of the river entirely, This is one of those sudden moves in this wicked farce, like many others that have preceded it. It seems to have been done with the same capric and with as little concern to offer a reason for as there was for first putting it on. Our vessels are now getting out ot this little place, as fast as possible, and going up to Buencs Ayres. , Our merchants at home, however, should bear in mind that if vessels trom the high seas stop at Montevideo, only long enough to have an endorse- ment placed upon their papers—and if they ap- proach the port and suffer themselves to be board- ed—some*such endorsemrnt will certainly be made—that they will not be permitted to enter here. The decree of this government, to that ef- fect, 18 rigidly enforced. Brgnos Ayrgs, June 19, 1848. Another act in the ridiculous farce of Anglo- French intervention in the affairs of La Plata is concluded. Yesterday the blockade was raised from the ports and coasts of Buenos Ayres, and again commerce with this place is nominally, as well as virtually, free to all nations, provided, always, that vessels in coming here donot touch at Montevideo —this restriction 1s imposed by. thie» government itself. You are aware that Baron Gros and Cap- tain Gore have been the last royal performers in the ludicrous play. They arrived at Montevideo some two or three months since, and have been very busy negotiating with General Oribe, occa- sionally sending up a steamer with despatches to Gov. Rosas; but all to no purpose—the “old gaucho” remained firm and immovable, determin- ing not to surrender the smallest particle of his inde- pendence, and he 1s victorious. Three years have France and England been settling the affuirsof La Plata, and for 999 days have they been blockading Buenos Ayres; and what have they accomplished ? Nothing—absolutely nothing—save the destruc- tion of their own commerce, and that of other na- tions, with this place. Both Rosas and Onbe are much stropger im their respective positions than when the intervention commenced, and it requires all the propping of both England and France to keep the * anomalous” {government of Monte- video from toppling down. Yesterday morning, the French vessel of war off this place, sent an officer ashore to give notice of the discontinuance of the bluckade, and to say that the vessel would sail for Montevideo wal 8 and would ay any letters the citizens inight wish to send. He also gave notice that the block- ade would be continued on the Oriental coast. Thus retired France ; nothing more was said. An English officer came ashore with dispatches, say- ing, as it is understood, that England would expect this government to comply with the treaty of 1825 with her, and with the treaty of 1828 with Brazil— thus England made her exit. Baron, or rather, now, Monsieur Gros, has sailed for France ; but, before leaving, he made some sort of arrange- ment, or promise, te supply the government of Montevideo with $40,000 per month for its support. ‘Whether this money can be raised, is rather a quicu sabe case. Already have some of the bills of the French admiral on his government been re- turned, protested. Captain Gore, the English commissioner, has presented his credentials, and been received us Charge to Montevideo—to that gover which, not a year since, Lord How- jen declared was divested of all national character and entirely controlled by a foreign garrison, and which has been getting worse ever since. ‘The raising of the blockade has caused no ex- citement, produced noe rejoicings here. For months it has been virtually off, and vessels have been loading and discharging at nsanada without any sortof hindrance. There is no accumulation of produce to be shipped, and no scarcity of foreign goods. The questions between kngland and France and this government, and the question in relation to the legal government of the Oriental republic, are all unsettled. France still retains pos- session of the island of Martin Garcia, wrested from this government, and which commands the mouths of the rivers Parana and Uruguay. The squadron of this government, captured by, and divided between, England and France, is still kept by them, and used in blockading the ally of Governor Roras. The war between Preside t Oribe, aided by Governor Rosas, and the go- vernment of Montevideo, is stilt ‘continued. Nothing, absolutely nothing, of good for any party or government, has been accomplished by the three ‘years intervention of what were con- sidered the two most powerful nations of the world, when they commenced intervening. Is not the government of Rosas in a more stable condition now, than that of either of his would- be masters? You will probal recollect, that in one of my former letters, after the failure of several of the noble missions to arrange matters here, I suggested that it would be better for Louis | Philippe and Queen Victorias to come over and | have a little chat with Governor Rosas, and Dona | Manuelita. May it not be yet, that this royal | pair will be glad to receive the protection and aid of the old rebublican, gaucho, and the hospitable attentions of his fair daughter ? A Crrizen or THE Unrrep Srares. P.S.—The Maid of Orleans, trom Salem, was the first vessel that presented herself for entrance here this morning, and is now ready to discharge her cargo. Commencement at Brown University. — The exercises of commencement week promise to be of unusual interest. The oration before the Phi Beta Kappa Society will be delivered to-morrow morning, in the Rev. Dr. Hall’s church, at eleven o'clock, by the Rev. Dr. Pomroy, ot Bangor. The oration before the Undergraduate Societies will be delivered in the same church, at half-past three P. M., by the Hon. Lafayette 8. Foster, of Nor- wich, Speaker of the House of Representatives of Connecticut. The poem will be delivered b; Charles Thurber, Esq , of Worcester. The ad- dress before the Society of sete Inquiry will be delivered to-morrow evening, at7jo’clock, in the Beneficent Congregational Chureh, by the Rev. Dr, Cheever, of New York. | The regular exercises of the graduating class will be held, as usual, in the First Baptist Church. Commence- ment dinner. will be served in Rhode Island Hall, where much better accommodations ‘will be nee vided than can: be afforded: in Commens Hall,— After'the ‘dénnersa’metting of ‘tte’ graduates will be held, addresses will be made, and obituary notices of deceased graduates will be given -- | Providence Journal, Sept. 4. Mexican Prize. —In the United States District Court, Monday, Mr. District Attorney Pettit, filed an information against the schr. Wasp, ailegin; that veseel to be a prize of war. It was allege that the Wasp vine on the 10th of October. 1548, i ted the | during the war with Mexico, captured at Lagu red ci ead diate mbener | ty the ‘block. by Dew: Sylvanus W. Godon, of the Lhe navy, aders, all Me erine eel fe! west vik ) ‘ei Cee Be urd aoe w =! Com. into Montevideo, and there obliged to discha: Cc G sated: soot aveed 5 their cargoes, and pay the most exorbitant Satis oy Bp Reo ¢ .) i having before they were permitted to ship them in cratt, to Buenos Ayres, or nver. This they did in the AeRhS ar kad | wit States courts, an & was aT tor, The Invasion of Canada—The Farce of the Nineteenth Century (From the Toronto Examiner. Aug. 30.] THE THREATENED SEMI-IRISH, SEMI-AMERICAN INVASION. One scarcely knows whether to laugh at the folly, ridicule ‘the assumption, or denounce the wickedness, of those reckless individuals in New York and other cities of the American Union, who are threatening Canada with an armed inva- sion. Not an invaston by the army of one nation of the teiritory of another nation, with which it ig at open war; but an invasion by foreign banditti, of the territory of an nnoffending people. To talk without measure, and to boast without stint, are not difficult operations; but surely the Devlins, the Mooneys, the ©’Connors, and the Turners, ave proposing too much to themselves in an am- bidexter movement tor the simultaneous plunder of Canada, and the political emancipation of Ire- land. Residents of the United States, who are natives of Ireland, might be forgiven for feeling strongly upon the exciting subject of the political and social condition of their native country ; but they have no pretext for interfering with Canada. ‘These orators seek to propagate the notion that Canada is mpe for revolt, and awaits only an ac- cession of foreign torce to enable her to overthrow the existing authority. Never was a representa- tion more false, or a design, than that which it 1s used to cover, more infamous and wicked. We claim to know something of the radical feeling of this colony, on which the Mooneys and O’Con- nors profess to place such reliance. That feelin, is one of satisiaction with the existing form o| government, (subject to necessary constitutional modifications) honestly and _ fairly carried into et- fect; and of insuflerable disgust at the dictation and unasked sympathy of noisy and worthless foreign demagogues. To our conception there is no degradation which we, as a people, could be called vpon to sufier, equal to that of quietly re- signing ourselves jnto the arms of a horde of fo- reign banditti. We will give two specimens ot the not very coherent style of oratory indulged in by these very loud talkers. On Monday night, the 2ist instant, a Captain Turner, of the American service, and late from the seat of war in Mexico, held the following language at a great meeting in Vauxhall Garden, New York. * * * * * * _ Both these, taken together, look like an invita- tion and acceptance. But who is it that invites the mvader to our soil?_ and who answers, we ac- cept the invitation? Captain Turner is a very shallow fellow, if he accepts Deviin as the repre- eentative and mouth-yiece of any considerable section of the Canadian peopie. Devin has a small number of adherents in Montreal. He has fropehly induced some peopie in New York to elieve that Canada is ready to weicome a band of plunaerers to its shores. It so, they are grossly deceived; and it they have become the dupes of Devlin, they are at once objects of commusseration, contempt and abhorrence. Do they expeet to ameliorate the condition of Ireland’ by carrying the torch into Canuda? Does it accord with their notions, of justice, that the alleged sins of a isri- tsh Ministry or Parliament should be urged as reasons for invading, plundering, and burning an unoftending colony, in another hemisphere? Do these unprincipled blustersrs pretend to be patriots of a country of which they are not even citizens? Do they believe themselves apostles of liberty, of humanity, and of the rights of man, whilethey send forth their idle threats of taking Canada by force, of murdemng its inhabitants, and sharing its pro- perty amongst themselves? France assisted Ame- rica in its struggle for independence. But the American colovies were in open rebellion; and Lafayette had just conceptions of what true liberty consisted of. Canada is at peace, with no imme- diate quarrel with the fmperial government, and infinitely more ceniented than she has been for half a century; while the Mooneys, O’Connors, and Devlins, have no notion of liberty unasso- ciated with the pike and the bludgeon. ‘As to the Canadian authorities being afraid to stop the Dev- lin faction; it had not previeusly openly threatened any overt acts; and even yet, no man residing in Canada, has, while on Canadian soil, threatened-a resort to arms. And then, Bamey Devlinis too unimportant to be elevated to the dignity of mar- tyrdom. The proper time to interfere will be when the bounas of the law are overstepped. When that time arrives, the executive authority will be found strong enough, and bold enough, tor the emergency. * * * * * The whole thing looks like a ruse to distract the attention of the British government from Ireland, and cause them to send out additional troops to Canada. There need be no alarm on this score. The force now here 18 quite sufficient to protect this colony from any invasion of Banditti that could be made upon it. If there were not a single soldier in the éolony, the people would be able to protect themselves from such an invasion as that with which they are threatened. [From the Missisquoi Ne THE THREATENED INVASIO! : We obeerve that our Montreal contemporaries are seriously discussing the probability of the peace of the colon: being disturbed by an internal invasion of Mr. Devlin '8 followers, aided by a band of marauders trom New York. We have already expressed our opinion of this sympathy movement among the Insh of the neighboring re- public. We do not une an invasion, The movement there is chiefly for election purposes ; and partly for the leetey ‘of diverting pone from Ireland to this colony. By threatening Canada, they hope to alarm the imperial government, and prevent the withdrawal of the military force now here, which would probably follow a serious out- break in Ireland. That any real, downright at- tempt to conquer Canadas seriously contemplated by Messrs. Mooney, ©’Connor et al, we do not, for one instant, credit. An expedition fitted out for such purposes, would be an infringement of the treaty between England and the United States. and the Executive of the latter country would doubtless exert its power to arrest the violators of international law. But even if Mr. Polk should interfere only by proclamation, and should secretly wink at the project of annexation, we do not anticipate trou- Ficus tumes. England’s supremacy here 1s not dependent upon the handful of soldiers that garri- son our forts and towns, but lies in the affection of the people. “The ety is loyal, happy, and contented. Ifa band of plunderers were to cross the line 45, to rob us of our property, and force upon us institutions that we regard as less perfect than our own, the people would rise in their strength from Gaspe to Sandwich, in defence of their firesides, and to uphold the “old meteor flag.” We will engage that the undisciplined inifitia of the frontier only, would prevent any force, not above ten thousand, from marching ten miles into the country. Every hedge would con- ceal an ambuscade—every bridge disputed by * the bayonet’s point—every village another Sara- | goesa. ‘* Thrice is he armed, who hath his quar- rel just;’”” and our sturdy yeomanry would leap into the conflict with the spirit of patriots—the courage and deter ination of their race. The border, alone, would render a good account of a , greater force than Mr. Mooney can persuade to epigrate here, with the twenty-five dollars in their for there would be nothing but pirates,) a fertile farm in Canada. .. The idea of invading-a country in order to give it so called free institutions, questionable enough under any circumstances ut the propos tion to force upon a united and happy people, a form of government they do not admire—to bless them with institutions and privileges they do not want, and to which they are unanimously opposed, strikes us as being the most outrageous thing of the kind that ever was enunciated. The coolness with which the whole scheme is discussed, by the beer-barrel orators of New York, is absolutely unparalleled. It is time for the American govera- ment to interfere, and put a stop to the frothy speeches of Mooney & Co., and the drilling of their deluded followers. ; It matters little whether a real invasion 13 in- tended, or whether the object (as we suspect) is to create a diversion in favor of Ireland; the spirit encouraged by those inflammatory dis- courses is aggressive, and infringes the spirit of the treaty, which the Executive 1s bound to see kept fe od faith, ‘é shduld‘not have again alluded'to this eub- jeot, had.we'not observed, in the Montreal Pilot, mtimation that the government Were in possession of information that led them to believe that a sudden irruption was not altogether improbable. We still ircline to believe that all is ‘make be- lieve ;” but as we know not the State secrets, we do not feel disposed to dismiss every rumor of pro- jected invasion as v terly false. f . Let the pirates come, if they dare! Missisquoi will be found united 18 one man. Whatevermay be our political difierencee, love of the mother country, and a determination te preserve our ex- cellent system of government, is common with all our people. The “sy mpathisers” who endeavor to rob our sturdy yeomanry of their farm the traitor who seeks to supplant the “Union Jack,” will receive a greeting more enthusiastic, and of a different nature, from what the Republi- pernds, which is to secure, to each pirate, | 1 ---WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1848. an Union of New York apparently expects. Ale though we have never practised wilh the tamous pike, we sre femihar with fire-arms, and Jack neither will nor courage to use them effectually. The Sate at Stowe—The Disposal by Auction of a Bankrupt Nobiema Kstate. (From the London Daily News ] ; On Thursday the public were admitted to view the works of art and other property of the Duke of Buckingham, about to be sold by auction at Stowe. This catulogue 18 a velame of 271 pages, and ful. fils the double purpose of guide book a: admission to the auction ; day, until the sale is concluded. Stowe is easy of access trom London. The Wolverton station, on the North Western Ruilway, is within fourteen miles of the house. In 34 ‘hours, the sight-seer, the artist, the idler, the collector, the bargain hunter, may find themselves borne from the Bas: ton equare stauion, and landed safely amidst the multitude ofpictures,statues, bronzes, prints, books, mannscripta, old china, Indian trophies, stuffed buds, ancient tapestry, and other more modern and comfortable properties—good, bad and indif- terent—that have heretofore made up the great * show hovse” of PAS and the ancestral home of its aristocratic dukes. These multifa- | rious things have now upon them that seal of fate, the label of the auctioneer; and many of the throng, who, cdg the coming month, will jostle each other through gallery and corridor, cabinet and saloon, will confess an inward feeling ot re- gret that a collection, which has been the work of several generations to raise up, should be scatter- | ed in a few weeks by the hammer. The wreck of | reatness (though it be only of a great show house) is seldom a pleasant sight. Stowe has long been regarded as one of the | most splendid residences in the kingdom. The house itself divides admiration with the grounds m which it stands. The latter owe a portion of their present beauty to the famous old gardener, known as “Capability” Brown,, who a century ago, here reigned lord 1 Sey EM lawns, trees, and fences, and by his skilful arrangements of undulating surfaces, groves, plantations, and vis- tas, laid the foundation of that landscape beauty, now surrounding the mansion. The history of | the manor 1s soon told. The Conqueror gave Stowe to the Hiahoe of Bayeux, and it continued to be the property of churchmen until the reforma- tion, Elizabeth granted it to three gentlemen named Compton, Wright and Meyrick, and bey assigned it in fee to John Temple of Temple Hall, in Leicestershire, the ancestor of the present duke. Sir Peter Temple inclosed about 200 acres of round for a park, which he stocked with deer from Wickham Park, in Northamptonshire. Sir Richard, the next inheritor, rebuilt the manor- house. On his death, the estate devolved to his son, who was created Baron Cobham in 1714, and Viscount Cobham in 1718, with a collateral re- mainder of both titles to his second sister Hester, wife of Richard Grenville, Esq, of Wotton, in Buckinghamshire. Lord Cobham died: in 1749, and was succeeded by the above lady, who was created Countess Cobham a month after her brother’s decease. Thus the family of the Gren- villes obtained possession of the mansion, estate and ties. The father of the pesent owner was created Marquis of Buckingham in the year 1784, Duke of icone in 1822. Stowe, when beheld at a distance, appears lke a vast grove, interspersed with columns, obelisks, and towers, which apparently emerge from a luxu- nant mass of foliage The gardens obtained their distinguished celebrity from the alterations eflect- ed by Lord Cobham, under whose directions the. Rove were planted, the lawns laid out, many of e buildings erected, and the corridors and wings added to the north front of the houge,- The gar+ dens were begun when un affected regularity was the mode, when straight pathe, canals, avenues, and fountains, were considered as the greatest beauties; and the formulities of art studiously dis- played in every shape of monstrous deformity. The suffering eye inverted nature sees; Trees cut to statues, statues thick as trees. Stowe partook of te general incongruity, and the graceful variety cf nature was tortured into stiffness and absurdity. This state of things, how- ever, was changed. The gardens have been a!- tered with the times, and the natural beauty of the situation has been embellished by the hand of art. The first architectural object which attracts at- tenticn, 18 a Corinthian arch or gateway, @0 feet high by 60 wide, erected on the brow of a hill, one mile from the south front of the house, after a de- sign of Thomas Pitt, Lord Cameltord. The prin- cipal approach 18 conducted through this building, where a grand display of the mansion, groves, temples, obelisks, and water, is at once presented to the spectator. Ata short distance from the arch is one of the entrances to the gardens. These ex- tensive and highly decorative grounds contain about 400 acres, diversified with great number of different scenes, each distinguished by taste, and each having a complete character of its own, independent of other objects. The whole 1s en- clored within a sunk fence, or “ ha! ha!”—a kind of boundary, first planned by a Stowe gardener, Bridgemann, who destroyed the imprisoning walls, and let in views of the distant country by means of this fosse, which obtained the name of ‘ ha! ha!” from the surprise expressed by the common people when they found their progress unexpect- edly checked by the concealed barrier. This ex- tends nearly four miles in circumference, and 1s accompanied by a want cued walk, skirted with rows of lotty elms. This path leads to many of the buildings, and to several interesting scenes, admitting occasional peeps into the surrounding park, and with views of the distant country. Near this entrance gre two lonic pavilions. In the front of these buildings, the water spreads into a con- siderable Jake, which divides itself into two branches, and retires through beautiful val- leys to the east and to the north. The upper end is concealed amidst a mass of woods ; here it falls over some artificial ruins, and again extends its browd bosom to reflect the variegated scenery. The path westward leads to a rude pile of build- ing, called the Hermitage, and also to the Temple of Venus. This 18 a square building, decorated with Ionic columns, and connected by semi-circu- lar arcades to a pavilion at each extremity. Hence the path leads to the Boycott pavilions, designed by Vanbrt gh, and to the principal entrance gate, designed by Kent. Returning toward the house, | we discover the Temple of Bacchus, built from a design by ee Nee In the centre of a large lawn, encircled wuh trees, 1s the rotunda, raised upon ten Ionic columns, These are the principal objects on the south and west sides of the garden. On the east. a small rivulet passes through a vi | ley, ornamented with a number of fine old trees, | and then empties itself into the lake. The valley | includes some of the most charming views and ob- | jects in the whole demesne. ere 1s a Doric arch, decorated with the statues of Apollo and the Muses. Through the arch the Palladian bridge 18 seen. On the right, isthe Temple of Friendship ; on the left, are the temples of Ancient Virtue an of British Worthies; the one in an elevated situ- ation, the other near the water's edge. The three latter buildings are decorated with statues and busts of those persons who have been most dis- | tinguished for military, moral, and literary merit. | The house is situated on an eminence, risin gredually from the lake to the south front, whic! is the principal entrance. It covers a large extent of ground, ond measures, from east to west (with the offices,) 916 feet, of which the centrical 454 | include the principal apartments. These range on each side the saloon, and communicate with each other by a series of doors, placed in a direct ane. | The saloon is, perhaps, one of the most magm- ficent apartments of the kind in England, present- ing a combination of objects, elegant, beautiful, and sumptuous, expences attending the exe- cution cf this apartment amounted to £12,000. Its shape is oval, measuring 60 feet es broad, and 56} high. Sixteen elegant scagliola columns, of the Doric order, in imitation of Sicilian jasper, rise from the pavement, which is composed o} the finest Massa Carrara marble. . _ Tuesday was the first day of the public exhibi- bition at Stowe. A private view had, moreover. taken place on the previous day, when seve noblemen and gentlemen, among whom we may. mention Sir Robert eel, had: un opportunity of examining the works of art. The pietaresiwere, it appears, the chief point of attraction. f ‘the pictures: ing the gallery are of less im- portance than those in many. private collections, and ate second in interest to the articles of, virtw. The collection consists chiefly of portraits, by English painters; there 1s a fine full length ot Charles I. by Thornhill, Charies 1. and James IL. by Lely ; besides many others by him and Kneller. Several portraits are also here by Van Dyck and Sir Joshua Reynolds, those by the latter being exclusively Iikeaaiees of members of the families of the Dukes of Buckingham. _ Amongst those pictures likely to fetch a good price may be men- tioned Rembrandt's * Unmerciful Servant,” a pic- | assa ture which was patoh chased in Ne eae, eeptatives . Tey eed to be by Leonardo de) Vin , of Diane de Povetiers, is worthy of attention, as much as a ay of the dress of the period as for the picture iteell, which, indeed, is somewhat of a disagree- able aspect. The portrait of Rataetle, by hinis et from the collection of the Earl ot Bessborough also fine. Two or three of Van Goyen’s beanti- ( fully soft sea pieces struck us as among the best | Specimens of that master. Ainong the articles | byought from Wootton 18 Stanfield’s cclebrated | picture of “ The Wreckers,” which seems to have | lost much of its orginal color. Holbein, Miere- | velt, Zuchero, Salvator Rosa, Bassano, Rubens, | Lucas van Leyden (we take the names as th ' rhe glish d ticket of | for the possession of it authorises four persons to enter the mansion each specimens more or less worthy of attention. armory is varied in its specimens ot EF | arms by trophies from India and ancient Greece The sale, comprising almost everything vend- able in Stowe, besides divers articles brought from Wootten, is to last 35 days. The only objects omitted in, the catalogue are the books and manu- scripts, which are described as being very valuable. But though not comprised in the present sale, we understand that they will be disposed of afterwards. ‘The Japan and Majohca wares spread out through the divers rooms, form the main stock of the sale; china cups, plates, and trays, vases and cabinets, being distributed on paniaeled and inlaid tables of every variety. ‘Though the arrangement of the or- naments has been changed, the general aspect of the whole is artistic in eflect. The magnificent services of plate, incl ading chased tankards, ewers, and candelabra, are set out in one room, and form a fine spectacle. It will give an idea of the value of this treasure, to say that its weight is estimated at no less than three tons. The gathering together of so much gold and silver, reminds us of the at- tempt made by the unfortunate Montezuma, to ransom himself from, the merciless and avaricious Spaniards. Those pieces of furniture which have been particularly graced by royalty on the occasion of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert’s visit to Stowe, are set forth and labelled, as likely to ob- tain increased value from the fact. It is curious that every heirloom inthe family seems to have been signed away. Solid ivory arm chairs, given BY. Warren Hastoga are side by aide withthe wile ver toilet tables and glass, given by George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, to the Countess of Shrews- bury. The mimature portrait of Charles II, by Cooper, 18 to change hands, as well as the cele- brated Chandos portrait of Shakspeare. “This por- trait,” says the catalogue, ‘‘is presumed to be the work of Burbage, the first actor of Richard III, who 1s known to have handled the pencil. It then became the property of Joseph Taylor, the poet's Hamlet, who dying about the year 1653, left it by will to Sir Wm. D’Avenant. At the death ot D’Avenant, in 1663, it was bought by Betterton. the actor; and when he died, Mr. Robert Keck, o! the Inner Temple, gave Mrs. Barry, the actress, a ES forit. From Mr. Keck it passed to Mr. holl, of Minchendon House, Southgate, whose only daughter and heiress, Margaret, mar- ried James, Marquis of Carnarvon, afterwards Duke of Chandos; from whom it descended, in right of his wite, Anna Elisa, the late duchess, to the present Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.”” Law Intelligence Surnemz Court, September 5.—General Term.— Present Justices Hurlbut, MeCoun, and Edwards. The argument of cause No.1, Arnold and Wife, et al, v8. Gilbert, was resumed this morning, and was not concluded when the court adjourned, Unitep States District Count, Sept. 5.—Before Judge Betts —The September term commenced to-day. ‘A grand jury was empannelled, and were afterwards briefly charged by the judge. There are only a few unimportant cases on’ the criminal calendar. His Honor then proceeded to receive returns of process, and afterwards adjourned, no business being ready. Common Pueas, Sept. 5.—Before Judge Daly.—David M. Melis v8. John Baldwin —This was an action of trespass, to recover damages for the al'eged illegal seizure of a cotton prers, It appeared that in the fal) of 1843, one Perry G Gardiner owned the press in question ; Mellis, the plaintiff, was introduced to Gar- diner, and, after some negotiation, the former pur- chased the press from the latter, for $5.000; Mellis immediately afterwards proceed to New Orleans with it, and was in treaty with a company in that city, engaged in the cotton trade. for the sale of it, when he was followed by Baldwin, the defendant, who claimed to be a creditor of Gardiner d who issued an attachment out of one of the eipal courts of that city against the press, | caused it to be seized and sold. The defence | there was no sale by Gardiner to plaintiff, and tl be only acted as the agent of Gardiner in negotiating the sale to the company in New Orleans, and also that the press was a very inferior one, and not of the value put upon it by the plaintiff. Adjourned te to-morrow morning. Before Judge Ingraham—Special Term.— Decisions — Bloomer vs. Burroughes et al.—Judgment for plaintiff against defendant. Stillwell ; damages, $335 $6, with interest from 7th July, 1848. Monmouth B Hart, lute Sheriff, ads, Asher Kers hut.— Verdict confirmed, with costs. Franzy Krass ads. Anthony Arent.—Motion denied, with liberty to defendant to renew on other papers. Elizabeth Judah va, Wm. A. Riker.—Judgment for p'aintiffon demurrer; defendant may withdraw de- murrer and answer on payment of costs. Before Judge Ulshoeffer.— Frances Connor vs. John W, Latson, ond others.—This was also an action to recover damages for an alleged assault and battery, and false impritopment. It appeared that, in 1845, the plaintiff bowrded in a family, the members of which belonged to a temperance society in this city; that she afterwards got into a difficulty with the family, and wrote letters to the President and Secretary of the society, charging somo of them with breaking through the rules and regulations of the society, &c.; these letters were answered, and the plaintiff replied; the reply directed to Mr. Judson, her lawyer, and put express; but it seems that the direc- so illegibly writ- iff, when back of the letter wi ten, that it was mis-delivered. T she found that Mr Judson had not re im due course, made enguirles after it, cflice; and it was finally ascertained ‘th: at the office of Mr Latson, who was then a broker, in ‘Wall street—the letter carrier, from illegibility of the writing, not being able to distinguish the name of Jw son from Lataon. It further appeared, that Mr. son opened the letter and read it, no doubt thinking that it was intended for himself, and finding that it contained some allusions to the temperance cause and brated temperance lecturer, whom, out that time abducted and drugged, he refused to give it up, and, being a strictly morai man, and feeling a deep interest in the cause of tem- nee, it struck him that the writer of the letter was & dangerous person, and that she must have had some connection. with, or, at all events, some knowledge of Gough's abduction; he, therefore, felt it his duty to communicate with the police authorities, and accord- ingly waited on the Chief of Police, read over the letter, and prevailed on him to cause the plaintiff to be arrest- ed, Lateon knew that she was in the habit of calling daily at Boyd’s Exprees office, to demand the letter, and he induced the Chief to send down one of his officers to wait there until she called, then to arrest her, and bring ber to the office. Officer Leonard went to Boyd's, by the Chief's directions, and waited there until the plaintiff came ; he then brought her to the office, where she was forcibly detained, as her counsel alledges, from 9 until 120'clock, and very roughly used, The defence was that the letter was very ambigu- ously written; that it contained allusions to Gough, about whom there was great excitement at the time ; and the Chief of Poliee thought it his duty to find out who the writer was, in order that, if there was any plot connected with it, the parties might be brought to justice and punished. Under these circumstances, Leonard went to Boyd's express office, where he met Plaint, and politely requested herto.go with him. and that he would give her the letter. She went with him voluntarily to the Chief's office, where she was detained for half an hour, then allowed to depart. The Judge charged the jury, who retired for a short time and brought in a Verdict for the defendants. Surneme Count, Sept tice Edmonds,—In Corpus.—Opinion— ground of the validity of the agre 888, the Supreme Court have twice held it to be void, but the Court ot Errors have twice reversed that deoi- Hon, In 25 Wend. both the Chancellor and Senator Paige pronou ind theirs wer only opinions delivered, and all the court, except three members, agreed with them in the conclusion at which fase reported in 8d Hill was Senators Porter and Hop- ment valid, but they Iiberty to" depart suptrion eibtnal, ‘and | must, therefore, hold that the detention of the child by Mra. Barry is not illegal. Counz or Oven ann Tenatin Judge Edmonds, Aldermen Trist for Murder.—Thowas Hayes, a respectable look- ing man, was put on his trial for the murder of his wife, with an adze, on the 17th of May last. The clerk thon proceeded ta call the jury panel, when the {cllowing named jurors were sworn :—Joel Kelly, Wm. Hagadorn, Samuel Warner, James Johnson, Good- enough, D. Johneon, D. Earl, and William Field. The anel was here exhausted, and the court took a recess or two hours, to give time to summon. freah list of jurors. e former case. Of lacs resort im the Toling thas explicit of the APTERNOON SESSION. The following named jurors were then sworn :—Wm. Robertson ard Benjamin Tallman, making in all ten jurors. The panel was againexbausted, and the court adjourned until 10 o'clock this once first making an order that a fresh supply of jurors should be eum- moned be Grmenat Sessrons, Sept, 6 —Before the Recorder, Aldermen Fitzgerald and Dodge. Jonas B. Paillips, Keq., Assistant District Attor Forfeited Recogni- zance ry Wileon. oh dd batter: publi sances were 5 jrown (colored) was put forward o! od William B: vs 2 wi 2" bbe hargt with stealing watoh, perty B.S. Whitney, in the dtd Warrier testified, that come uppermost) are represented in the Baller by | | TL Liberty street. On the case being heard : - TWO CENTS. the prisoner, who war employed by him. was about the house; he (witness) went to take s bath, and loft his watch and chain in bis room; in consequence of acom- jon made to him, he had a warrant issued nd had him brought b-fors Justice of the watch, chain, sud seul was ged taking the property, on being who the arrest P , Blakely; the valu $140; he acknowl arrested, to the poli The abovefacta were borated. The defenes show. ed previous good character The jury found the pri- | soner guilty, but recommended him fo mercy. The court sentenced the prisoner to two pears’ confine- ment in the State prison Henry Reese was put forward on trial. charged with stealing three saws from Richard Amherman. The jury found the prisoner guilty Sentenesd’ to two yexrs’ confinement im the State prison William White and Charles Stwb: put forward, charged with robbing P watch, valued at $50, on 12th August last, in Water street. Testimony was put in to show that Smith, af the time he was with the prisoners, had his watch | taken from him, and that he was drinking in compa- ny with prisoners on the evening of the robbery The defence showed that the parties were drunk, and ited been drinking together on the evening of the robbery, The jury could not agree, and were discharged. Toe court adjourned over to this forenoon, w$ 11 o'clock, Count Carenvan—This day,—Cireuit Court—, 16 467. 26 to 30 inclusive. Common Pleas—Part 1: 20, 31. 39, 41, 43.45.47, 49, Part 2: 17, 24, 26, 306, 28, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42. 6 (anions) wore Smith, of aafiver City Intelligence, Wuar ane tHe Porice Anout ’—A most disgraceful scene occurred at the corner of Pelham and Cherry streets, on Monday night, in which a gentleman was most inhumanly treated, by # gang of ruffis there was not @ single policeman to be foun they had made their escape. it appoars that the gen- tleman axsaulted, is proprietor of # factory in Rose street, in which several persons are employed, and on the evening in question, going from work, they were met and assaulted at the corner of Pelham and Cherey streets, by this gang The gentleman being near at hand. made an effort to get his men from among them, when they fell upon, and beat him most unmercifally, injuring him so severely that he will not be able to attend to his business for several weeks. It is too bad, that quiet citizens cannot pass along the streets with. out the assaults of such ruflians, and itis worse tl wher assavited within a short distance of the polic —" there cannot be an officer found to protect them, cet Excunston.—The Mazeppa Guards, Capt. Casson, composed of the members of Engine Co, No. 48, yesterday passed through Nassau street, on a target rsion, preceded by a tine band of music. They number about forty muskets, and are a robust and hardy looking corps. Monument to Mason Generar. Wooonuut.—The citizens of Brooklyn are now contemplating the re- moval of the remains of Maj. Gen, Woodhull, to the new cemetery, at Cypress Hills, and erecting » monu- ment to his memory. He fell in the straggle for American independence, and within sight of the ro- mantic spot'to which they con'emplate removing his remains. The cemetery is about four miles from Wil- liamsburg, on the Jamaica turnpike road, and is said to be a most beautiful place for the quiet repose of the dead. The object isa laudable one, and speaks volumes to the gratitude and patriotism of the citizens of Brooklyn. New Scnoor Hovse.—A beautiful and commodious school house, is now. being completed in Clark, near Broome street, for the use public school. It is four stories high, well ventilated, and will be one of the mort comfortable’ in the city. It will be known as public school No. 23. Fines.—A fire broke out about half past three o’olock, om Tuesday morning, in the building No. 88 Cross street, which was put out with trifling damage. Also, about the same time, a fire broke out in the groce! store of Charles Pickens, at the corner of Forsyth ani Walker streets; damage trifling. Fett Ovexnoann.—A man, named Patrick Dunm while under the influence of liquor, on Monday nights fell into the river, at the foot of Hainmond strect, and was, with difficulty, rescued from drowning, by the police of the 9th ward. Police Intelligence, Defending the Character of a Lady.—Yesterda: afternoon, constable Barber, of the Sixth. w: brought before Justice Timpson three genteel looking young men, (some wearing hair around the ergan of delivery, and others clean shaved,) by the names of Alexander Cartwright, Jr, John’M. Crowell, and David G. Morehead, on'a warrant issued by the named megistrate, wherein they were charge with violently assaulting one James H. Hutchings, of No. fore th Justice, Mr, Hutchings stated, that, on Friday Saturday of last week, he was violently assaulted und beaten by Mr. Crowell, while in the Franklin House, who not only struck him, as be alleges, from behind, | but bit his finger geverely besides, while in a rough and tumble fight. on the floor, together, Mr. Crowell | then told his side of the question, setting forth that | Mr. Hutebings had been using his name in a very free manner, which retlected very ungeatlemanly on the character of a certain pretty lady, whose husband is absent from the city. Thus, in the defence of this young lady's reputation, Mr. Crowell cailed upon Mr. Hutchings, (a few: days previous to the assault,) and asked, politely, for a suitable apology, or retrac- tion, respecting the manner he called his name into question. This apology Mr. Hutchings refused to give, and remarked, that “ he did not know him, nor did he mean to kuow him,” refusing to give any sutis- faction, whatever, respecting the language used dero- gative to the lady's character. The next time they met, ‘twas in the Franklin House, when they both om to blows ; a clinch ensued, and down they went. Mr. Hutchings being the lucky bird, succeeded in keeping on top of Crowell, who was, from his position, receiving the hardest blows. when Hutchings began to gouge the eye of his adversary; and Crowell, to save his eye, felzed Hutobingw's finger in his mouth, taking nearly the end off, and then he held on like a bull dog, until separated by the friends of both parties. Mr. Cart- wright, was charged with kicking Mr. Hatchings, but as there was nothing very positive on that point, the Justice decided the matter by holding Mr. Crowell to bail, to anewer the charge at Court, and Messrs. Cart- wright and Morehead to bail, in $300 each, to keep the peace; and thus ended this affair of honor. Caught at Last.—A nctorious black fellow, called Henry Anderson, was caught yesterday, by officers Floyd and Joyce, of the 2d ward, on a charge of steal- ing a case of ladies’ shoes, valued at $5 80, the property of ® merchant, in Pearl’ street. Tho shoos were re- covered by the officers, from Christian Miller, No. 50 Veecy strect, where they had been sold by the thief, Ont searching the room occupied by the negro, on the corner of Church and Lispenard streets, the officers found a new carpet bag, one trunk containing a lot of valuable clothing, consisting of coats, pants, veste, together with y other articles; a lot of pawn tick- ets, and a silver Lepine watch. For all the latter articles an owner is wanted, Apply to the above named offi- cers, at the 2d ward station house, Justice Timpson committed the negro to prison, for trial Worse than Dog Mutton.—Officer Brush of the Ele- vyenth Ward, arrested yesterday a butcher by the name of Menry Braden, on @ charge of bringing a cow that was lame and almost dead from disouse, eupposed to be the milk fever, on a cart from Williamsburgh, to this city killing her and then dressing the carcase up for market, where it would have been sold, and no doubt would ‘have made all sick who partook of the meat, had it been sold. The police, however, before the but- cher had time to dispose of any, took him and his cow into custody and conveyed them before Justice Os- borne, who condemned the meat, and held the buteher to bail to answer the charge. Arrest of a Reeeiver.—Officers A. W. C. Smith and Patterson, of the lower police, arrested + German Jew, by the name of L. Jalmustien, who keeps a jewelry store, No. 256 Bowery, on a warrant issued by Justice Lothrop, im: which he stands charged with purchasing a gold watch, and other jewelry, valued at Beveral hundred dollars, from a notorious thief, called Gil Moxier. the watch being s portion of s large bur- glary, committed in October last, at New Hay. the jewelry store of Mr. Georg Olmstead. The cused was held to bail to answer the charge. Movements of Individuals. ‘The Hon. William L, Marcy, Secretary of War, ar: rived in Albany on Monday, from Washington, The Hon. James Buchanan, Secretary of State, reached Albany on the ame Gen, Worth and family, and Capt. Sprague and family, also reached Albany that afternoon. Gen, Riley paseed through Albany on Saturday, westward. + seb " _ Suicrpr.—A married woman named Messick, living in the country, a few miles from the city, committed suicide about two weeks ago by swal- lowing arsenic. She lived twelve or fourteen hours after taking the poison, and was entirely conscious of what she had done, and stated that she was tired of life and wished to die. The de- ceased left three children. She was represented as a fine woman, who unfortunately was allied to adrunken and worthless man asa bi id, and unable to bear up any more under the struggle ot life, she had restorted to the hornd deed of self- destruction.—Philadelphia Bulletin, September 4. Heayru or: New Onrans.—There, has been a great deal of sickness in the city during the last week, and many deaths-have occurred of yellow fever. By our weekly report of the Charity Ilo: pital, it will be seen that thirty-nine deartim yellow fever took place in that institution tor week ending at six o'clock last evenings Board ot Health will, we understand, meet to~ morrow, to take the subject into consideration, the result of their deliberations we will lay before our readers on Tuesday morning. Orleans Delta, Awg. 27 Gengrat Kearny came up to this city last Satur- to the charge of contempt of court, Gy, to eying as ofder issued F Hamilton. After a few minutes conversati his Honor, the Judge, he was discharged from custody.—. Tams Reveille, Ang. 29. ee 4 .