The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1848, Page 1

NO. 5174. MORNING EDITION- W YORK HERAL AUGUST 5, 1848. ARRIVAL oF THE STEAMSHIP AMERICA ONE WEEK LATER FROM ALL PARTS OF EUROPE, THE PROGRESS OF THE GREAT EVENTS | THE OLD WORLD. SPECIAL FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD, Threatened Rebellion in Ireland. The steamship America, Captain Judkins, has arrived from Liverpool, whence she sailed on Saturday, the 22d ult. The first announcement of the marine telegraph, at half-past 11 o’clock yesterday morning, was, that the steamship Hermann, Captain Crabtree, from Southampton, was in the lower bay, coming up; but it was soon after discovered by the telegraphic re- porter that it was the America, from Liverpool, anstead of the Hermann, and hence the report that the other had arrived. The America brings vs one week’s later intelli- gence from all parts of Europe, which, in the pre- fent critical state of affairs on the other side of the Atlantic, cannot be otherwise than of the greatest importance. The News Boy boarded the America at before 12 o’clock, 10 miles E. by 3. of the Light Ship. Our despatch end parcel bag was immediately thrown to her, and for this favor we are much in- debted to Capt. Judkins. We are also indebted to Government has already declared itself ready to | form commercial treaties with the Vicar of the German Empire, and to acknowledge the unity of Germany. The Berlin Zeitungs-Halle, of the 18th, contra- dicts the report that the Poles in Posen are pre- paring for another insurrection. Tne Hermann was appointed to sail from Southampton on Thursday, the twentieth ult. at one o’clock. She did noi, however, do so unti between one and two o’clock on Friday morm ing, the 21st ultimo. The Hermann has the large number of 179 passengers of both classes, be- € he has proposed rome changes in the arrangements more conducive to the health and comfort of the pri- soners. Many of them he found had no change of linen; some were sleeping on foul straw; white others were without any. He also visited the prisoners at Vincennes, and conversed with Barbis, Sobrier, Al- bert and Kaepail.. He found the three first calm, and expecting an amnesty. Raspail he found inan mort frenzied state; be talks neurly all the night, and is perpetually rehearsing his defence, as if before the Judges In’ the morping he is generally in a state of the greatest prostratfon, and the attendants are obtiged to rub his temples with iced water to bring him to him, felf, ‘They demanded permission to communicate their families, Gen, Courtais is still at the Concicr- eerie TI ate of siege still exists. Various and contra- sides 30 children, and about 400 tons of measure- ment goods on freight, a considerable quantity of which is from Bremen and Havre. The total va- lue of the cargo reaches nearly £250,000 sterling, the foods trom France consisting of merchandise of the most costly character. The Britannia, which sailed from New York on the 5th, ond Halifax on the Sth inst., arrived in the Mersey on the 19th. Our French Correspondence. Parts, July 20, 1848. Within the last week, the only matter of im- portance which has occurred, is the modification of the Cabinet, produced by the resignation of M. Bethmont, Minister of Justice, in consequence of indisposition; and that of Gen. Bedeau, Minister of Foreign Affairs, in consequence of the continued ul effects of his wound. M. Bastide has been re- instated, consequently, in the Hotel of Foreign Aftairs; and M. Marie, President of the Assembly, has been appointed to the Ministry of Justice. The vacancy produced in the Presidency of the Assembly, was filled yesterday, by the election of M. Armand Marrast, for whom there were 411 votes ; and his opponent, M. Lacrosse, received 324 votes. The candidates, M. Armand Marrast was late Mayor of Paris, and M, Lacrosse, one of the Vice-Presidents, The former was supported by that section of the As- rembly which generally expresses the sentiments of the late provieional government and executive commis- sion, and which supports the present government. The latter is the candidate of the party composed of the ex-deputies, members of the centre left, and left of the former Chamber of Deputies. M. Armand Marrast has ceased to be Mayor of Paris, The same municipal organization which existed before the revolution, is re-established. There is, as before, Prefecture of the Seine, to which M. Trouvé Chauvel, late Prefect of Police, is appointed. M. Ducoux is ap- pointed to the Prefecture of Police; and M. O’Reil- ly, of Irish descent, and a political convict under the monarchy, is appointed Chief Secretary. Mr. Purser McKilvie for his kiudness. All ener- getic men like enterprize. The Hermann sailed on the 2Ist, from South- ampton Affairs in Ireland, on the 18th, assumed a grave aspect. Dublin, Cork, Waterford, and Drogheda were proclaimed—a proceeding which, without handing over the people fo martial law, enables the Lord Lieutenant to accomplish all the purposes of legal despotism—for the safety of the country. This indicates that, at the present moment, Ire- land is in a most deplorable condition, and that every moment that passes is expected to be the agnal for a conflict toe sanguinary and terrific to eontemplate. The ample details~of news from Ireland, which we this day publish, will repay an attentive pe1usal. The following, according to the European Times, ef the 22d ult., gives the Irish news in a few words:— Approach of t®e insurrection—proclamation: against‘Dublin, Cork, Waterford, and Drogheda— rescue of State prisoners at Carrick-on-Suir—pro- secutions for vending the Nation and Felon news- papers—further arrests in Cork and Tipperary— movements of Doheny and Meagher inthe South— Mr. Smith O’Brien at Drogheda—meeting of the Insh league—declared principles of the Dublin Clubs—Sligo election—prospects of the crops, &c. Tt will be seen from the proceedings in the House of Commons this evening (July 21),that Lord John Russell has announced his intention of asking, at the sitting of to-morrow, for leave to bring in a bill empowering the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, or the governors of Ireland for the time being, to ap- prehend and detain, until the Ist of March, 1849, any persen or persons suspected of conspiring against her Majesty’s person and government. ‘The reports which have reacned us from all parts of Great Britain respecting the state of the crops, &c., is very encouraging, and afford convincing proof that we shall, should the weather continue as favorable as heretofore, have a most abundant and timely harvest. Abroad, things continue to wear an appearance of returning tranquillity. The German-Danish war may be considered at an end, and, according to the most credible rumors, the war in Lombardy promises to terminate soon in peace. Charles Albert grows strong in Itulian regard, for the Sici- hans have conferred the free crown on his son. France continues tranquil, and the people of Pa- ris have called for their wonted amusements.— ‘Assaseinations have been reported, but beyond two or three instances they have not been confirmed. General Cavaignac retains the good opinion of the ople, and not undeservedly. pn has taken occasion to vindicate his policy while Minister of Foreiga Affairs. His | you published speech is full of eloquence, point, and | sound principles. He claims the merit of having preserved Europe from war, and challenges appro- bation for successful efforts in attaching the friend- ship of England. In her hands he recognizes the destiny of civilization; and he sees, beyond the operations of whig and tory, the power, above all, of public opinion. ' There is little additional Paris news. The a rests continue, and stores of gunpowder have, in some instances, been discovered, showing that the late outbreak still smoulders. M. Marrast’s elec- tion was looked upon by the journals as important, in giving an intimation of the feeling of the as- sembly as regards the Thiers party. M. Marrast was himself too much indisposed yesterday to take his seat in the assembly. The Milan Gazette, of the 15th ult, states that M. Morichini had returned from Ferrara, after a fruitlees mission to Innspruck and Vienna, The Emperor of Austria declined all personal dis- cussion, and the Minister at Vienna only gave evasive, answers. We, therefore,{conclude : that Austria is not disposed to acknowledge their in- dependence of Italy. There 1s no chance for Spain ; the Carlist power has been tested and is found impotent. ‘We have Madrid papers of the 15th ult. The fact of the probability of an heir to the throne is con- firmed. The Carlist rising continues, but nothing new is stated as regards the rebellion, except a ru- mor that an English vessel had disembarked arms at Corunna, The Univers publishes the Pope’s answer to the Roman Deputies. It is of some importance, as showing that the Roman Commons have rather taken his Holiness “at his word,” and interpret their freedom literally. It is asserted by the Messager that France and England have, without concert, ordered squadrons to the Black Sea, to watch the movements of Rus- sia in the Lower Danube. The Swedish consul at Abo has officially an- nounced that the cholera has made its appearance in Finland. In the village of Salmi, in the circle of Sortewala, out of thirteen cases, eight proved fatal. As you wil! doubtless heneeforth hear much of tie di- vision of parties in the Arsembly, under the new titles they Lave ceveraley adopted, it will be necessary that I should give you Lome account of their signification, othcrwire agreat deal of what you will read in the journals and in your correspondence may be unintel- ligible. The Assembly, then, besides its meetings in common in its general hall, and in its bureaux and committees, resolved itself primarily into two sections, one of which assembled in the Rue de Poictiers, and the other in the Palais Royal, now called the Palais Na- tional. These two clubs have accordingly taken the names of the places where they met—the one being called the club of the Rue de Poictiers, and the other the club of the Polais National. Tho composition of these clubs respectively was originally as follows :— ‘The club of the Rue de Poictiers consisted of those members of the Assembly who formed part of the cen- tre left and the left of the old Chamber of Deputies under Louis Philippe. They were the parties who clustered round MM. Thiers and Barrot as leaders, and among them figured MM. Dufaure, de Lasteyrie, Leon Faucher, &e.&, This club was also joimed by most of those deputies of the right and the jegitimists of the ex-Chamber, among whom are MM. Dupin, Berryer, ke, It also included all the new members of the Assembly who favored moderate republican opi, To catreme damonccees suas ge RRP UPLAA A Xamiple, could, were it practicable, establish a cond chamber to discharge tho functions of the la Chamber of Peers. It would grant the President @ splendid salary, and surround him with some degree of magnificence; it would give the aris- toeratic principle considerable play in the republic. ‘A very large proportion of the members of this club have accepted the republic more from necessity than from choice; they did, however, accept it, and are anxious to establish it, becaure they think no evil can be so bad as that which would attend another revo- lution, They would prefer, it is true, a constitutional monarchy; but they believe that that could only be attained through another bloody revolution, which ‘would be followed by another series of disastrous com- mercial calamities. ‘The number composing this club is estimated at neatly half the Assembly, The club of the Palais National collected round the members of the cx-provisional government and the Tate executive commission as a nucleus. Dupont, (de I'Eure) Arago, Marie, Marrast, and Garnier Pages take prominent parts in it. It was joined also by the ulti Qemoerats, socialists, communists of every shade, and originally formed about half the Assembly, ‘The load- {ng doctrines it favored were those of extreme demo- cracy, but it was mostly in the composition especially as regarded the doctrines of socialism, communism, the organization of labor, &c. "After @ while these two great “re-unions”” resolved themselves into others, according to the prevailing opinions of their sections. An off-shot of the club of the Rue de Poictiers was formed, consisting of a small number of members who belonged to the old legitimist party, such as M. Berryer, and who held opinions on Eertain points not quite in harmony with those of M. ‘Thiers and his friends. Witbout actually desorting the main body in the Rue de Poictiers, by refusing to co-operate with them on important points, this little section has nevertheless private “re-unions” held at the houses of its leading members. ‘Opinions being still more motley at the Palais Na- tional, a greater and more decided dispersion has taken place among its members. That seetion of the club Which adopts the doctrines of communism and social- ism, and the organization of labor, has entirely sepa- rated from the club of the Paleis National, and formed a “reunion” of its own, which first met in the Rue dictory rumors are ciroulated as to the time when it Will probably cease. In fact, governmentis as yet un- deeided; and in face of the posribility of another outbreak, Gen. Cavaignac shrinks from the reapousi- bility of relieving the press from its present restraints, So long at journalists feel that that they may be treat. ed as M de Girardin has lately been, they will be cautious about preaching insurrection, ‘The statement of the expenses of the chief of the executive power, and his establishment, who performs the functions Iniely abdiented by Louis Philippe, has been just published in the form of # project of deeree proposed by the Minister of Finance. According to this, a credit of 15.000 france a month is to. be opened to the Minister of Finance, to be applied as tollows:— Francs. 1 Clerk of Secretary General 300" 5 at 260 francs each........ 1 Chief Clerk in bureau de publicite 4 Trapslators at 250 francs each 2 Copying Clerks wt 250 and 200 1 Huissier. ... 4 at 100 fr: 3 Messengers at 83 33 each. ....++ +> - Subscriptions to French and foreign journals. Printing, publishing notices, &e ,&0., (this includes the expenses of the Moniteur)... 10,000 Cab hire, 300 per month... 241 68 TOtale. see cevececnceeceeceee cess 15,000 00 The allowance to General Cavaignac personally, as cbief of the executive ‘aig (out of which he hus to provide his own hotel) is 10,000 francs a month. A curious and novel project has been put forth by the government of our infant repubiio. It is nothing Jess than to establish a system of publications, daily and weekly, having the official stamp of authority, to supply information of undoubted authenticity to the public, and to deep the people, including even those who have neither the time nor opportunity of reading the journals, informed of what is going ‘on. It is proposed thet a journal of the gevernment shali appear every morning At Paris, a second edition of which shall be published at four o'clock for the de- partments. Journals of a smaller size, intended to popularise the doctrines of democracy, and to rectify the errors calculated by the daily papers, shall be likewise pub- lished by government, One of these papers, edited for the working classes and for the inhabitants of the rural localities, shall be sent to schoolmasters, who are to read, after school hours, to all those citizens who may be pleased to come and hear it read. The Sunday reviews will also add their share to these daily publications, and will form the first elements of the communal libraries. ‘The communal libraries will complete the institution of the press of the government, as well as tho means of instructing and educating the people. The journal.of the government shall be sent to all the communes of Franee. They who cannot pay for it are to receive it gratuitously. It shall likewise be forwarded to all functionaries who, by their employments, are obliged to be made Scquainted with all the acts of government. A general direction of the press is to be established at the ministry of public instruction. A committee, chosen in the National Assembly, the council of State, and the Institut. with the director of the press, are to preside over the editing of the popular publications of the government of the republic. The following view of the political relations existin, under present circumstances between France ani Russia, has appeared here this merning; and, as it is understood to be from the pen of de Lamartine, it Will be read with interest, even so far off as New York. “The revolution is the spirit of God, which pass- eth over the world, and which stirreth up nations, when constitutions, which are but the spirit of man, being no longer equal to their movements and ideas, cease to bein harmony with their internal life. “ The revolution is at one time religious faith, as it was three hundred yeurs ago; at another, the unity of PovyT Bg Under Richelieu; sometimes, philosophy, as n the 18th century; sometimes, the affranchisement of the disinherited es, 88 in ’93; and sometimes, fiery, as under the Empire! At our epoch, it is i , tions, divided by the inimit, of races, bye rival. éfers, which policy oF war ha aby tion with their invaders, the most striking analo; y of Manners, language, literature. and original tradi. avonian, whosoever may be hia master, ver may be his ‘dress, is sure to be received by the other Selaves as a brother of the same country; he is sure of a hearty weleome It is this lively feeling of nationality, which has re- sisted time, oppression and misery. that Ruasia has agents, by its preaching, and by its bribery, and which of nod ration and profound tympath: nd, certainly, it is not for the love of her disin- herited pisters that Rossia—that vast heartless body— calls the oppresed nations to liberty and fraternity. Ark Constantinople what the support of the Caar costs. indignity; ask Serbia what blood and gold are required to pay for an idea of independence, after | having accepted a master in a protector. | “ Russia keeps her eye fixed on the West because she | is well aware that it is from that side danger may fall upon her. She advances with slow but sure steps; and | her Machiavelian policy hesitates neither before time, | nor the sacrifices of money. nor before those of well | paid massacres, nor the cruelties of religious fana- | ticism Russia knows but one aim: to annihilate, | while configcating them to her profit, those nationali- | ties which might attempt to rise up and place them- | selves between the prineiple of absolutism—which con- | stitutes her strength—and the principle of democracy | which France brings to # world regenerated, ‘And that is why she announces to Poland, asto- nished and sbaken to its very foundation, forgetful- ness of the past, the end of ber disasters, the recon- stitution of her kingdom. It is for that, she flatters the great lords of Bohemia and Hungary with seduc- | tions of all kinds; and keeps alive In their. bosoms that instructive hatred which separates them from the crman races, It is for that, she sends her soldiers to eneamp upon the frontiers of Valachia and Moldavia; there two Roman colonies, whose interests bind them 80 closely to the Sclavonian provinces; for that. she Pays their hospodars, those traitors wh will, on the | promised day, lay open to her the high road to Con- stantinople, wh ch bas been eternally coveted by the Czars, and which would give them the supremacy of the Mediterranean, t “ And, in reality, it is a golden dream, and highly | capable of reducing a conqueror! ‘To the North, the | Frozen ocean; to the South, the Levant; behind, the deserts of Asia; and before her—through Germany, | which would, in that case. be hers—France, at bay at | theccean! Russia would merely have to open hor | arms to embrace civilization; aud to close them, to smother it for ever! 5 © Let France then be aware! Eldest daughter of hu- manity sbe will have to account to future generations for the holy mission God Almighty has entrusted to her devotedness, to her loyalty, and to her generous character. All nations who are athrist for liberty are her brethren; and she must combat, even that igno- rance which sbould tend. under the epecious ap- pearance of emancipation. to hide that oppression which gives birth to barbarity.”” Paris, July 20, 1848. The Money Market. For some time after the insurrection of June, parties at the Bourse were so occupied with the political position of affairs, and the confidence in- spired by its suppression, and the energy of the new government was so great, that all descrip- tion of securities rose rapidly, but now that time has been afforded to consider the financial situation of the | country, considerable apprehension is entertained as toit, arising from the vast increase ef expenditure, and enormous diminution of the revenue. This has broughtabout its natural result; and from day today adecline is continued, as! noticed in my last report. | long endeavored to over-excite, by the promises of its | it now endeavors to excite by'a deceitful appearance | | upon natural natfond) ministration incorruptible. But, in order to accele rate victory, and to draw the greatest utility in con- +t tuting our nationality, it is necessary that the affair of the Jeague be terminated by a treaty, in which the | basis of the strictest union betwoen the different fami- les of Italy shall be laid down. In this view, we con- gratulate ourselves upon your having received the | Sicilian deputies, and we do not doubt but you will re- vognise the State of Sicily, which has constituted it- | self, in a legitimate manner, to submit itself to the government of a king Italian in mind and origin. It is | for that we rejoice that Lombardy, Venetia, Parmesan, | Modenare, joined to Savoy, Piedmont and Liguvia, | have formed a strong kingdom, which will form a | bulwark against a foreign invader We are happy to teethat by the junction of Lucea, and the union of Massa, Carrara Liesgiana, and Garita Guana, the T'us- can State ix completely constituted. The territory of the States of Italy being then re- compored agreeable to the will of nature, of certain, and to the present and future destinies of Italy, the federative compact allowing each State to preserve its personality. policy will establish the uniformity of all, and will provide, by the representatives of all, for the common rights and interests, so that the Italian na- tion may be strong, happy and respected It is thus we augur, that from the league formed to acquire our in- cependence, will spring the federationgwhich will pre- rerve it, and from this tie, national unity. ‘The felici- ity of Italy will contribute to that of Europe, for the fortunate issue of the war and the constitution of the Italian nationality, will eecure the real political equili- brium by founding it, not upon artificial States, bat and by removing all pretexts for conquest. It is forthat we rejoice that while our armies drive back the Emperor of Austria, who alone wages & war, contrary to justice and to the interests of Europe, we keep up the’ most friendly intercourse With foreign powers, including that of republican France, and that we havo still strengthened it with Spain. ' Italy has aright to the friendship of all na- tions, for she attacks none of them, and defends them all in defending herself. Munan, July 13, 1848, We are here in statu quo. No important move has been made since the date of my last. Ican enly report to you what we have heard from the headquarters, at Roverbella, up to the date of yes- terday. “We have only here what is happening al- ways in war; projects are formed which, at the mo- ment of execution, have to be modified to prevent our being taken unawares by the enemy. Radetsky, to stop our preparations about Verona, has marched a division between Leguano and Mantua, and by his marches and countermarches has discovered his in- tention, which is, if he could, take us in the rear, and thus menace the provinces of Lombardy. He lately made a sortie from Verona, to throw reinforcements into Mantua, and sent @ large body from Vicenza, to support that part of his army which is operating against Venice. Charles Albert has consequently been obliged to take such measures as were commanded by prudence and the principles of war, that his army might, come what may, have the greatest confidence in him and his generals, All our columns are now placed in po- sition. We shall not be long before we have anen- gagement with the enemy, who is concentered boyond the Adige, between Verona and Leguano. Considor- able reinforcements having arrived from Lombardy, they will form our second line, and the troops which have bitherto been employed in that duty will push forward, and everything prognosticates an important operation on Mantua. Charles Albert keeps the most profound secresy his plans, which, in the face of an enemy 60 near to us, is of ‘the last importance. Austria knows better than any power in Europe how to conceal its reverses and repair its defeats, and wo must be on our guard with her. A deputation from Venice arrived thia evening at There is also a considerable number of speculaters who have bought for the account, and who are assist- ing the fall, with a view not to be left inombarrass. ment at the end of the month, by having to deliver stock on ariring market. Tho amount of stock that will be brought into the market by the conversion of Treasury notes and savings’ banks deposits, also adds its quota to the fall, since the delivery of that stock will commence on the 20th. Another reason operating to the fall, is a rumor that Is in cireulation, and gene = rally credited, that the government are negotiating new loan from the bank, in addition to the 150 mil. lions already agreed on; and the uneertainty of the terms on which this loan’ will be effected, and whether it may or may not be guaranteed by a creation of new stock, which will be thrown on the market, Sonie parties assert that the government is about to ‘a. new loan from the public, and that the terms of such loan will be to give 75f, 25¢., tho price at which the three per cent loan in Nov. 1847, was adju- dicated; allowing the subscribers to the latter loan (that | of 1847}, the amount of their guarantee (10 per cent), on their subscribing to the new loan a sum equal in amount to their subscription to the former lean, Very litte is wep, thes railway shares, Those of the Lyons railway have been somewhat in demand during ave marked at choice, are not all ripe at the same hour, to allow ane, spirit of God to pass without resistance and without a struggle. In times of revolution, among nations as well as among individuals, there are always to be found retardatary #8 well as impatient men. If France 1s impatient, according to the opiniuu of sha times who are now trembling on thelr thromes, Russia {s be= hindband, according to the opinions of those nations who are now yearning for justice and liberty. “And are not France and Russia, those tyo power- ful personifications of young and of old Europe— those twoliving symbols of the future and of the past— in reality, civilization and barbority, movement and resistance, force and right, the spirit of God and the spirit of man, the idea and the fact? “ Behold, at the first rumor of revolutions, Russia stands erect, and the cry of war resounds throughout tT steppes and ices Her flattering promises, which the will not keep, lull to rest the neighboring nations; she evokes the remembrances of the past; she flatters those passions she so lately blamed; she recognises those nationalities which she has just steeped in blood; and she appears sombre and menacing, with 400,000 men at her extreme frontiers, ready to pass over rivers, decided to occupy cities and to point her cannon at the terrible propagand which bas galvanized every nation. “And France, kneeling with pain upon the tomb- | stones of her sons, decimated by internal divisions— | France, who suffers from over strength and trom want of cccupation, and who bas all to gain from a war which would carry the most adventurous and the most ardent far from her cities—remains silent and immovable beneath the distant threat, because she well knows that glory would annihilate liberty, and that ideas, like to the thunderbolt, can cross moun- taing and rivers, and will be stopped neither by armies nor by persecutions. “What a deep lesson does not this contrast offer to the historian, and what a magnificent spectacle it pre- sents to the eye of the philosopher. Nor does it ap- pear to us to be either mal dpropos or without interest, totake a rapid survey of the intermediary countries which separate Frande and Russia, and which are about to settle their destinies between the fact and the idea, “ If we do not err in our provisions, never will the des Pyramides, and more senna! ee the Rue Castig. lione. The leading members of this club ave Messi Louis Blanc, Caussidiere, Flocon, Pierre Leroux, Pru &c, Its numbers are from seventy to risoners of Vincennes, Messrs. Barbés, t, R 1, Blanqui, &c., belong to thisfclub. It equally sympathized with the movement of the 15th of May, and wouid have supplied the new provisional government if the insurrection of June been suc- cessful. Thus this club represents the most extreme jemocratic opinions. . There is another offshoot from the club of the Palais National, characterized by opinions the reverse of those which produced the club of the Rue Castiglione. ‘This section meets at the Palace of the Institute, and has obtained the name of the club of the Institute. It is oharacterized by moderate opinions, and decidedly opposes the club of the Rue Castiglione. Rothing but. personal antipathies prevent the re- union of the Institute from coalescing with the club of the Rue de Poictiers. The number of this offshoot of the Institute is from forty to fifty, From this statement, it will be seen that extreme de- mocratic opinions, and especially the party of the com- munists and yess rein an extremely small mi- nority in the Cyl A They make Up, however, | for their want of numbers, by a certain virulence of icism. Nothing can abash jori- erti- wali Christianity is worn out wi They declare that Chi y mre speedily be effaced from human society; they tet ly and property are old ju- dices originating in ignorance,which, in prozess of time, must depart as certainly as Christianity ; the human race, according to them, should form a fat stock company, laboring in common and sharing prefits equally: competition, they say, is the curse of society. Individuals, accordibg to them, should feel no interest, save that of the community. The number of prisoners captured and confined in consequence of the insurrection of June, has created @ serious embarrasment to the government. It results from the last official reports, that the sanitary state of institutions of risons in which they are confined is gen- cali! Kisfectory. The number of sick is comparati- vely very small, and the majority of their complaints jate before their ater pation Oren: the ion of > numbers, the following is the pro Prine Sick, Port de Vanves... soe Vi / ii harenton sof ah bf De Est. . 673 32 « @ivey... 1,500 5 © Dela Conciergerie Tt : ¥ 900 20 $ @' Aubervillicrs. Het Fi # $20 18 ere ey+ 6226 236 . Among the sick, idiots. epyleptics, and, those affected with cutaneous disorders, form about two-thirds, Since the 28th of June only two have died; their death arose ote aaa ry affections, neither epi- ontagious. bay * Cormenin, celebrated as the author of the phiets under the fictitious signature of “ Timon,” Fe cenicn erst, Maines a yee t ing a1 mi o Hielately visited those detained in the fort of Romani: The Breslau Gazette states that the English ville, In thia visit, which does honor to his humanity, map of the world, which has been modified by each re- yolution, have undergone more suddenly, and in consequence of the same shock, a more radical change. But a most remarkable fact which prevails throughout the present situation 1s, that want of power and of force—that tendenoy towards unity wiiich seems to lead the people of every nation to reascend to their cradle, in order to reunite under one sole authority all the dispersed elements of the primitive nationali- ties, “Thus Germany, that singular assemblage of States and of sovereign principalities, took, some years back, its first step towards unity in adopting the zoliverein, that customs union, which has caused the frontiers to be levelled in favor of material interests. ‘The zoll- verein was the forerunner of the National Assembly of Frankfort, which soon followed it. “Then Italy, that magnificent and generous coun- try, which Austria had given up to the good pleasure of its arehdukes, and to the brutality of ita soldiers, after having paid for the aggrandisement of her ter- ritory with the purest blood of her citizens, has offered herself freely to that of her sons, who appeared to her to be the strongest and the most devoted to her cause, ‘and has thus laid the foundation of her glorious unity. “But let us not dissimulate to ourselves that the homogenity of Germany and Italy will considerably change the balance of Europe, and will greatly modify their national interecurse. In times of peace, the ex- ohange of luce and the traneactions of cemmerce will, doubtle: } case of war, or of @ nding, an offensive and de- at powers may prove to be unto usa direct, and even an imminent danger. « Mistress of the Baltic and of the German Ocean, of the Gulf of Genoa and of the Adriatic, they would succeed, by their joint effort nd in concert with Russia, in destroying our trade, in intercepting our arrivals of timber, in ruining our possessions in Africa, and would throw, unexpectedly, upon our frontiers, one of those innumerable armies of which modern his- tory bas lost all recollection. “And what should be the policy of France, foresecing such dreadful alliances? the last dav or tyo, in consequence of the treaty for its repurchase Having been concluded between the government and the company. The terms of the a, Deer Sie Be, ghsteboldens stock in the five . Produoing 7f. 60c, of dividend, bei lent to about 300 frames per'shinre, de gacre aie notes not 620. cent discount; Fives closed: yesterday at 15 the Tot cash, and from 75f. 50c. to 74f. 750. for the account; Threes closed yesterday at 40f. 75c. cash, and from 40f, The. to 46f. 2c. for account. Our Italian Correspondence. Narres, July 13, 1848. I seize the opportunity of a steamer sailing for Genoa, to inform you that at length Sicily is erect- ed into a constitutional kingdom. The Sicilians love not a republic, and the inhabitants of Palermo, having got out of all patience with the delays of the Parliament, determined they would treat it as the Cardinals are treated by the Roman laws, to compel them to electa Pope. The National Guard accordingly surrounded the House of Assembly, in which the Par- liament was sitting; they made around it a hedge of bayonets, and sent their commander to intimate po- litely to the President of the Assembly, that not an individual would be permitted to issue therefrom until aking was elected. The Parliament found itself obliged to come toa decision, and accordingly elected the Duke of Genoa, secor d son of Charles Albert, King of Sardinia. This was duly certified to the National Guard, who received it with « feu de joie. Due procia- mation of the new king being made, the foreign vessels of war which lay in the harbor were invited to raise the Sicilian flag and salute it. The first to comply with this request was the Rritish brig of war Bull Dog, who saluted the flag with twenty-one guns. The French ships followed next, with the like salute. Soon after, five British line of battle ships sailed into the harbor, and a steamer was‘derpatched with a commissioner to Genoa, to signify to the Court of Piedmont the election. ‘This city continues to be the scene of continual conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the troops. The other evening several persons were at the Café de An- gelis, at Toledo, when a troop of about twenty officers of all arms. and especially of the royal guard, entere it. ‘The officers began crying out: “ Vile assassins, be- gone; blackguards of liberals, hence, or we will cut you to pieces.” Such of the bourgeoisie who did not make their escape in time, were struck to the ground; strong patrols, who were passing before the door of the café, did not attempt to put a stop to such scandalous con- duct. Otber coffee houses of Toledo were obliged to shut up, on account of similar scenes. The officers, accompanied by sub officers, parade through the city, inthe mest menacing manner; a few days ago, they destroyed everything at the printing office of the Cal- vaire, and have forced several shops to be closed, in which were sold publications which did not suit their taste. The officers have no fear in saying, that if the Chamber of Dep’ (now without defence) attacks the troops, the ministry, or the king, not a deputy shall leave it alive, &c., &¢. Frorence, July 12, 1848. The address, just voted by our new Parliament, in answer to the speech of the Grand Duke, is the subject of conversation in all circles here. This document, which affords a remarkable example of the progress of political ideas in a State hitherto ruled by sn absolute sovereign, contains some passages which will be read with great Interest. As the war of independence (says the parliament addressing the sovereign.) is the first charge of all Italy, so it is the duty of all the States which compose it, and we repeat, with you, that we must, above all, put anend to that national war which we wage against no nation, but only against the Emperor of Austria ; to defend the right of nationality, which is the first sanctioned by nations. Italy is full of gratitude to the magnani- “ A new policy, springing from the very’ nature of things, hoo ically indicated ; a firm policy. openly acknowledged, clearly designed, and persevering above ali; @ policy ever on the look out for events and en- croschments, acting confermably to the recognisance of historical right the influence of traditions, by lect , by the ronan of ideas, by ff persons, by the ever increasing fusion of commerce or solidary interests. “France must, in one word, insulate Russia, by de- 8, by placing between her and Europe, as an in- farm Zable yr, about forty-five millions of human breaste, by, peng 3 to resuscitate those powerful netionalities which have, for disap- red from the map of Europe—nationalities, the ox- [ence of which to to the majority of the French—the Sclavonian nationalities. “We willigive “indication of the interests and tendencies of the So! tions, the natural ythians of the Ny eC M ites, confoun wi ns, 0 ay, with the victorious nation; on the other, the Poles, Dement Myrians—that is to say, the op- pressed ni len. “These four nationalities, separated by time and by conquest, have preserved, despite ineorpora- are four mous Charles Albert, the champion of that right ; to the glorious pontiff, who has supported it ‘against the emperor himself, and who will not abandon it, as pontiff and as king; and, finally, to you, who the first furnished arms to ‘support it. It 1 great misfortune for Ifaly to have to deplore the defec- tions of the Bourbo: N Tuscany was the first to rise, at the or; ic Milan, and has taken ‘up arms, as if she been accustomed to wield them ; she hastenéd to the field of baltle, and fought ; the did not er enemies—she trusted in the des- tinies of Italy ;/6vem her losses were glorious, and a pledge of victory. The day of the 20th of May will be envied by porterity ; but impetuosity is not enough, when 4 regular war requires that art, valor and disci- pline be united. As the direction of warfare is # royal prerogative, it is for you to fix the number of our sol- diers ; to your voice shall be joined ours, and those of all honest men. Nor will our generous youth fail when called upon by the voice oftheir common country. None will fear at arms will be wanting to industry ; or were we to be forced to embrace lire ext ity, we should all prefer independence with poverty, to wealth §with slavery; and we confidently hope that while the raw soldiers will be about to be armed, your ment will re-organiee those whoare yin fleld, will give them able ebiefs, and will render the military ad- our camp, and have delivered to the king the act of union of the Venetian provinces, His majesty has as- sured them that some Piedmontese troops shall imme- diately be sent to their assistance, and has recom- mended them to persevere in their efforts, and given them hopes of an entire deliverance. The great curse of Italy at this moment is the im- patient and enthusiastic, who imagine that Charles Albert has only to wish it, in order tp drive 120,000 Austrians out of Italy. P. §.—Orders have just arrived that the army is to be in readiness at 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. to march in advance. This is all we know. My own opinion is that it is on Mantua, so that you may soon expect some news, Our Spanish Correspondence. Maprp, July 15, 1818. The Carlist movement in the Navarre provinces has proved a complete failure. We have every day executions ot Carlist officers taken in arms. ‘The first of these was General Alzaa, who was arrested by the Gendarmerie after a conflict with that body at Mont Bayarette, on the 2d inst., and on the 3d he was shot. He was a very distinguished and highly popu- lar chief, and his loss was a severe check to the Carlists, Since then the Generals Ilzarbe and Zubiri, who were closely pursued by the Queen’s troops, bave been suoue ou, wiloan ie OF oS NPA ofthe! M.S eles military authorities at Bayoune d th armed. General Ilzarbe would h. Oppo: courage and enterprise, tance with the prov under Mina, and since under Zumalcarregu Zubiri also served under Zumalcarregui, and was also a skilful chief Sebirino, Ermeterio and Soto were also distinguished commanders. There, then, are losses that render the Carlist cause in Navarre hopeless for the present. From Catalonia we have no recent news. The ad- vices from that quarter, that have come in the shape of rumors, are contradictory and not to be relied on. Our German Correspondence, : Franxvort, July 15, 1848. This town has lately been the seat of debates, in the result of which all Europe is interested. The Archduke John has left this morning, after having appointed a ministry which will, during his absence, conduct the affairs of the country per in- terim. It is a provisional government upon a provi- sional government. I have already informed you that the anti-democratical tendency of the new central power, betrayed itself by a thousand symptoms. The choice of the ministers is among the gravest and the most significative. The Vicar of the Empire had at first cast his eye, as president of his cabinet, upon M. Camphausen, recently fallen at Berlin for having denied the revolution of the 18th March. This perso- nage bas been more skilful and more prudent than the Archduke, for he has refused the proffered minis- try, fearing, doubtless, that his unpopular name might injure the power about to be established. On his refu- sal, M. Schmerling bas been entrusted with the minis- try of the interior and with that of foreign affairs. In the National Assembly, M de Schmerling has been ever seated on the benches of the right, and has voted with the extreme faction of that part; His col- leagues are:—War, the Prussian Gene: Peacker; Justice, the Deputy Hecksher. The last renegado of the left’ is tho historiograph of the triumphal journey of the Archduke; and itis to his recital, which | men- tioned to you lately, serio-comical, mixed up with de- scriptions, banquets and ultra courtier-like tirades, that he is indebted for having attracted the attention of the Prince. These three ministers are the only ones pamed as yet. On his return from Vienna, where he is gone to open the session of the Austrian States, the Vicar of the Empire will complete or re- form his cabinet. He left, at Parting, an address to the German people, which was read in the parliament, in this day’s sitting, and which is but an assemblage of common phrases, without much meaning. The discourses of installation, ronounced by MM, Schmerling and de Hecksher are ittle better, ‘The whole had a very peor success in the Assembly. The archduke had been more fortunate in the eve, at the play-house, when, in taking leave of the bourgeoisie, who had come in compliment to him, he promised to return shortly, with the objects he held most dear on , his wife and son. But not one word for his country and for liberty. No matter. His patriarchal simplicity drew tears from all eyes, I know not what orator said, a short time ago, “that the French were monarchical in the bottom, although they had adopted a republican form of government; whereas the Germans were republicans in the heart, though they lived undera monarchy.’ What would this lover of paradoxes say, had he seen the inhabitants of the free city of F ‘kfort, burst out with frantic bravos at the the thought of possessing, ere long, the simulacre of Since I k to you about the manner in which France and the French are considered here, [ may sa; afew words upon the important debste which too! ¢ this morning in parliament. It was relative to the proposal made by the Committee of Defence to add three thou and and fifty men to the effective of the fe- deral troops. The motion passed by a majority of 303 votes agaiust 149, It is true, that by a second vote the Assembly, ever inconsistent, has somewhat chilled the triumph of the monarchico military party, by deci- ding that the new soldiers should not be assimilated to the now existin; and should be merely placed on the footing of a a kind of Mobile National Guard; but the number demanded, has, nevertheless, been granted Would you believe, that among the argu- mente employed to obtain this result, they have held forth the warlike aggression and conquering disposi- tion of the French? The noble declarations of Lamar- tine, the sympathetic language of the press, the reserv- ed attitude of the republic, were held as nothing. [ err—itis not the German le who think and speak thus; itis the evil remains of that race of princes, of diplomatists, of publicists, who have, for 30 years, made it their plan of tactics to caluminate our feelings to- wards beyond the Rhine, so as to keep up t ith which they receive our ideas, M te ite, Lichnowski & Co., have adorned le jowi this olden thesis with more or less talent—with more or lees vehemence, and the three bundred odd func- tionaries who people the benches of the right and of the have engorly answered the appeal of their | against this deplorable injustice of prejudice. the ieft slone, proyerly speaking, represents the poo: | ple, and has proved itarlf to be, on thls oceasion, their | Yery faithful echo. Governments have their reasons to dread and caluminate the republic; the party of the bourgeoisie. who makes one cause with them, yields to its own antipathy and repeats old accusations. ‘The | remainder, that is to aay the masses, whoo judgment, guided by instinet, is based upon facts, loves France, and desires her foran ally, It is on these masses we must rely, >, ebreatened Rebeliion in Iretand, The last club procession in Cork brought the l in contact wish the authorities, id the It has been the arrest of Messrs, Vari fourke. Lane, aod The arrests J. O’Brien—all on charges of sedition, took piace on Tuesday. ‘The parties were all admitted Mr. Meagher has traversed ; arsizenof Limerick. "4 '™ Prom, until the mext Rerpeotinn the doings of this gentleman, we flad the following in a Limerick paper of the 15th ult :— “Mr. Meagher last night addressed another crowd of Persons from the windows of the house of Dr. Geary, J. P., George street, where ho had dined. He said the county Limerick id jury had found true bills against him ; that some of tha el, inclunay the foreman, were members of the late Irish Council, which had advocated the national doctrines for which he is now to be tried as a felon. He adverted indignantly to the reizure cf Mr. Gavan Duffy's property in Dublin, and designated our rulers as the government robbera He thanked the government, notwithstanding, for send- ing him to trial to Limerick, where he had now found « substantial footing. He cared not for the court, the government, or the army, and he intreated the people ofLimerick to organise and increase the clubs, now becoming of universal formation through- out Ireland. Let them never forget the tens of thou- sands of their kindred and countrymen starved to death by English misgovernment, and mouldering in untimely graves; and resolve never to suffer the glo rious harvest of this year to pass out of their hands, at the peril of adding to the human sacrifice of the last two years, ‘This display took placo ina street nearly opposite and certainly within hearing of the judges? lodgin their gains ri At the second mecting of the Irish League, Dr. Cane handed in a list of 1700 Kilkenny men, including the mayor of the city, aud three magistrates of the oly of Kilkenny, with great number of the corporation of Kilkenny, sending in their pound each. Dr. Cane said it was no light cause that brought fuur out of th five borough magistrates, to whom the peace of Kil- kenny is confided, here to-night. At tho same meeting, the Rev. Thaddeus O'Malley alluded to Lord Joh Russell's declaration,that he wonld rather die than suf- fer the union to be dissolved. He (Mr. O'Malley) would tell him that if he insisted in maintaining the uniog, he must die. In extinguishing the union they would extinguish him ifhe came in their way. Perhaps it might be without Meagher’s virgin sword being ed. ‘They must however, repeal the uuion,even at the risk of encountering Lord John Russell's formidable spear. The reverend gentleman thus concluded: Ifthe good sense of England was about to abandon her at last, and if indeed Ireland was destined to be ‘the rock on whieh her proud empire should split, then must armed millions orise as One man on the same day and at the same hour (great cheering and waving of hats); for thus would the sterner duty of patriotism and the milder voice of humanity both be best obeyed; for, going thus, they should hive to strike but one blow, and the first should be the Jast, the final death-blow of England’s dominion in that country. Suitn O’Bxiew offered this resolution:— at the arrangements entered into at the late con- ference of repealers, requires that the repeal clubs should continue totally independent of this league; but this must not be understood to imply any disapproba- tion of local repeal clubs under managem ‘The officers of the city of Dublin elubs held « ing on Saturday night the 16th, Mr. John B. Dillon, President of the Curran Club, presiding; when the f lowing declaration was adopte d, on the motion of Mr. Smith O'Brien, M. P., seconded by Mr. H. O'Gorman, jun.:— “ The systematic efforts made by writers in the pay of the British government to cause it to be believed that the Repeal clubs of Ireland are organized forthe purpose of pillage and massacre, and for the overthrow of religion and social order, render it expedient that we should define the real objects of the club organixa- tion; be it, theretore, resolved and deolared— “That the purposes and end of our organization are the overthrow of the power of the British legislation in this island, “That while we are firmly resolved to abstain, in our political capacity, from any interference in mat- ters of religious or sectarian character, we are not the lees desirous that religion should be upheld, and the legitimate influence of its ministers maintained in its integrity. “ ‘That so far from desiring to overthrow social order, and to subject our country to universal anarchy, our first anxiety has been, and is, to secure the legislative independence of our country with the least possible injury to any class of its inhabitants; and in the ac- complichment of these our designs we hope to put am end for ever to the sufferings and the disorders which have never ceased to afflict our people under the sway of Britain ” In Kilkenny, in consequence of aroport which had no foundation, of the issue of a warrant for the arrest of Dr. Cane, a magistrate. and the leader of the con- federates in that quarter, the populice made a formi- ¢ tow, ~netration, and barricades were erected im H lewltiionte the prosecuted papers, we take the fale fe “Now, leaders Brennan :— at Irieh * treason,’ now Witwer the si ‘loyalty,’ declares that we will be fond of ners four hundred miles off,’ that we will hang each tree-branch and lamp-post, and forgettt Skibbereen, and forgiving Schull, will be balmy, loyal, and ‘patient, and persevering. It is a lie are not ‘loyal,’ we have no particular partiality ‘Queen;? we don’t care « fraction for ‘Prince Albert;’ we have no sympathy with the ‘Royal Family,’ we hate English ‘Government’ and English ‘law’—Cla rendous and Blackburnes—we are ‘rebels,’ aye di erate ‘rebels’ and ‘felons’ — thorough going ‘fe- Tons) heart and soul, every one of us. ‘The oF give the word, sir,’ which was lately heard Waterford, was the dirge of ‘loyalty.’ Dig » for it, encoffin it, write over it requéescat in pace, and have masses’ said for its soul. Irish politios may now be fairly reduced to this : ‘Authority’ must squelch ‘felony,’ or ‘ felony? must squelch ‘authority.’ ‘Authority’ sits in high places, and is clad in rich garments, and revels ia luxury, “ Felony,’ for the most part, is thin and poor‘ dwelling in back ‘lanes and peasant streets. ‘Authority’ 1s serene on magisterial bench, and, surrounded by po- tent police mon and delicate detectives, looks @ se- cond Daniel ‘Felony’ stands in the dock before it, and is awarded punishment. and is ordered to pay fines, and is despised. But the hour has come when ‘felony’ shall sit in judgment on ‘ authority.’ The Lord who ruleth all rulers has willed that we should rise, Extaltavit humiles, deposuit de sede swperbos. Or, perhapr, we are too sanguine. We may halloo before we are out of the wood. True But in this caso we can get out of the wood if we take axe in hand. The voice of prayer and tition has been stifled, and the only voice to be Freard is the voice of defiance. If there may be cow- ards amongst us, which I believe not, we jt all events, select a Leonidas band, and make » new Ther- mopylw. Waris proclaimed, and until it commence, we must spend our time in preparation, Felons ef Ire- land! arm, and that immediately! The breathing- space before you must close with your foemen is brief indeed, and you must treasure every minute. If you fall, remember it is noble to die with a broken or red- ened weapon in our hands, Arm!” Devin Reilly opens on Lord Clarendon, by call- Excellency the “ General Turnkey of Ire- c “Nothing remains for those who would make their thoughts known, in this, our country, but to speak them with arms,in their hands.” Devin Reilly speaks and prints his thoughts. says farther :— * Flog them (the Irish) at the triangle, decorate them with the pitch cap, let the ag Aer bear their wonted vintage, till at last they compelled te squelch (?) you as s hideous nuisance, to escape agony ;_ te take you by the neck, tyrant, gaoler assassin, and hurl you and your dominion of this Irish soil into the ” "ine of the Cork papers of the 15th ultimo following respecting a threatened massacre “A circular was read on Wednesday evening, July 12, at some of the clubs in this city, and we suppose throughcut the country, which ought to open the eyes ofany who yet doubt the designs of the disaffected. The circular we allude to bears the signature ofone of the ‘ felons’ now in custody. It was directed to the pre- ndry instructions respect- exhorted all to be ready the 8th of August. At pre- ere are said to be 182,000 of the: am- munitioned, and drilled, and waiting but the word to rise. Until \ cred iy they are to employ them- selves enlisting an drilling others, none of whose names are to be sent upto head-quarters (Dublin) until t He gives the ey aro armed, and in the same state of discipline as hn 182,000 whose names are already enrolled there. When the signal for slaughter is raised, each club is to fall to, in its own neighbor- hood, in ,order to baffle the military d police, who will necessarily be so concentrated as to be unable to meet the rebellion at every point; and when any club bas conquered resistance in its district—then it is to assist any neighboring club in + ant of aid. Some thousands of the rebels, it is calculated, will be cut down inthis sort of warfare, but the extent of the in- | surrection, they expect will, notwithstanding, insure | its triumph—in their own la . they may fail ia hundreds of pi , but bed succeed in thousands, This is the plan of proceed ing. A Privy Council was held Hy Dublin Castle on the 18th, at which the Lord Lieutenant presided, when it was resolved to proclaim the followin peers under the Coercion Act: County and city of Dublin, county and city of Cork, county and city of Waterford, ant county and the town of Drogheda. The ‘ament have been prompt in following uy the ‘lamations issued on the 18th, by notifications, setting forth the days and places appointed for grant- ing licenses to keep arms. The commissioners of po- Hee in Dublin issued a notice that they will attend a: their office in the Lower Castle-yard, for some daya, to receive applications for licenses, Simila: notices have been issued in all the Pane districts. ‘The police have received information that depots of But the left protested often, and yiolen arms caistinpome parts of the metropolis, a