The New York Herald Newspaper, June 29, 1848, Page 2

‘disorganised and disbanded—when a candl- py been put in nomination in its mame who stands et afar more immeasurable dirtance from the presidentia! chair than he described Gon. Jackson as Standing—when an entire revolution has taken place in parties, and he himself may be deemed gaséing on his head—you will soon hear hin ory, wid all his an- cicat sprightliness, * Skies bright, heads up! Once more unto the breach, dear friends! Once more (Immoderate laughter] Mr. Ritchie charges me with demagogueism, which, I take it, is an insincere politi- cal profession for personal ends. If I had opposed the proclamation and force bill, and yet pretended to sus- tain Gen. Jackson—if, when La ss jae the bap banks, [ had d tho independent treasury policy; etd when tn siminttration was elected 7 it, come to Washington as its organ, and displaced an original friend of the measure—if | had deprecated the election of Andrew Jackson as a curse upon the country, and then turned in and supported him—if, in doing this, [ had paid my debts to the banks, and put moncy in “ pocket, | might then be termed a de ue, al me) then he could not apply to me, thus laden with the fruits of political inconsistency, his favorite phrase of an“ empty” demagogue. Ihave done none of these things. I profess no faith now that I have not always entertained. I seek no personal advantage. And on the other hand, all these things, if 1 am correctly informed, are Wa chargeable to Thomas Ritchie. But Mr. Ritchie says further, “he is too impassioned to consult ‘the sober second thought’ which was once so earnestly inculeated by his distinguished father.” In this Mr. Ritchie has rendered his verdict before he has heard all the evidence. If the gentle- man to whom Mr. Ritchie aliudes, shall sce fit to favor the public with his views in regard to the conduct of the Baltimore meeting and the propriety of supporting Lewis Cass, I shall of course submit to the institution of a comparison between his “ sober secend thought, ” and my “émpassioned impulses,” and shall be pre- vo suffer all the consequences of such a com: \- son. In the meantime, as! have studiously refrained heretofore from connecting in any way the gentleman referred to with controversies into which I have been forced, it would be considered good manners in New York for Mr. Ritchie to pursue the same course. Shall ‘we then support Mr. Cass? Shall he be nominated at Utica? I think he ought not to be. First, because the di nization of the republican party of New York. ‘i the nullification of its voice, was effected by his friends and for his benefit. Second, because if the testimony of Mr. Rathbun is to be relied on, he has abandoned the cause of freedom and conformed him- self to the Southern test on the subject of slavery. The democrats of New York declared in convention, at Utica, that they would support no man who did this, and that wart woandianes would inevitably en- counter defeat and disgrace. They perform what they | promise. Third. because he cannot possibly carry the State. You may put under him a Governor, Lieut. Go- yernor, Congressmen and A-semblymen, and while they would be powerless to float him, he would “ sink them to political perdition.”” Forty democratic newspapers | in New York have already denounced him, and this i State gave 35,000 whig ‘oalority last fall. It is natural | enough, therefore, that but two men shoud ever have been heard to say that Lewis Cass could carry New York One of these (adee Tremaine) is an accom- plished young lawyer in Green County, who by some singular mischance hay strayed into the conservative ranks. He ise county judge, and hia judicial duties | have so far withdrawn him from intercourse with the people as to leave him entirely ignorant of their pre- sent views and wishes. The other is Mr Daniel E. Sickles, of New York, who illustrates the beauties of the congressional district system of representation, | The theory of that representation is to bring the ropre- sentative home to the people, and under it Mr. Sickles, | of New York, was elected in Baltimore to represent | Queens and Suffolk in the National Convention. ‘he sturdy and eo ay democracy of Queens and | Suffolk thus enjoy the first fruits of the new system in having Mr. Sickles brought home tothem. To do this it became necessary to nullify the vote of Mr. Platt Willetts, an aged and highly valued citizen of Queens County, born and brought up, I believe, and univer- sally beloved in that county, who, with the intention of discharging his duties as a delegate, started ten days before the meeting, and travelled the entire dis- tance to Baltimore in his own conveyance, arriving there only to be informed that the body in which he | Was to act had determined that Mr. Sickles should | nullify his vote, on which announcement he of course retired from the meeting. Mr. Sickles pledged the | vote of New York to the Baltimore nominee, and it will require great activity on his part to make his Tepresentation of the feeling of the State even as faithful as his representation of Queen's and Suffolk. I do not think that Lewis Cass should be nominated by New York. 1 do not think he will be ; and if not, I do not think he will be support- ed by ttle people of the State ; nor in my judgment, will General Taylor be. The Utica Convention spoke in | high terms of General Taylor as soldier and as a | man. To the declaration thus made I adhere, and if it becomes necessary, in order to defeat General Taylor, to assail him with scurrility, I shall leave that portion of the duties to the conservative seceders,who are more | familiar with {t, and have more occasion for its exer- cise. It is with his capacity to discharge the duties of the office of President of the United States, and with the propriety of his elevation to that office, that we have todo. General Taylor has never held a civil of- fice ; to select such a man for the Presidency is an un- tried experiment. General Harrison had been Gover- nor of the North-Western Territory, delegate in Con- gross, United States Senator, and @ foreiga minister. General Jackson had been a United States Senator, a public prosecutor, a judge. General Washington, al- though no man in this country can fairly be compared | with him, had been president of the convention to form the United States constitution, and had familiari- zed himseif with the necessities and interests ef the American people during the war of the revolution. But General Taylor is proposed to be called to the head of this nation when it numbers 20,000,000 of people—is in the midst of a career of progress and prosperity une- qualled in political history, and when it is the admira- tion acd example of the civilized world. This is a fear- ful experiment. General Tayler, with the modesty and truth which I believe belongs to his character, says, in one of his letters, that he trembles when he contemplates it; and if he, a veteran soldier, who ne- ver trembled in an enemy’s country, in’ the face of any odds, and amid carnage and death, trembles now in view of his own incapacity to enter Upon these delicate and responsible duties. How then could I,a man of peace, who never saw a gun fired upon anything more dangerous than a bird, fail to be | overwhelmed with apprehension, in contemplating the same result. He is entirely unacquainted with the | political principles and measures which have agitated this country for sixty years, and out of which political parties, as iately organized, grew. What will he do | when he enters upon the discharge of his duties no | oue of you knows; no voter knows—General Taylor | dves not know. It may be urged that he will choose a cabinet of accomplished and upright men; but by the theory of our government, the administration is to be selected by the people, and is responsible to them. Tho | idea ofan irresponsible head and a responsible cabinet, is monarchical and kingly. But in regard to the great subject which disturbs the public mind of New York, General Taylor's position is most unfortunate; he is @ Southern man and a slave-holder, who, recruiting & regiment of supporters marched from the South. up- | on the Convention at Philadelphia, and beseiged them long enougt to learn whether he should storm the con- vention, or whether they would surrender at discre- | tion. They having to deal with aman who never sur- | rendered. felt calied upon to lay down their arms and surrender to him. ‘To do this they ha! to sacrifee an aged and distinguished statesman. whom [ always have and probably always shail oppose ; but whose ¢. pacity. fidelity to whig principl 1 agrveable personal and social qualities are unive conceded—whe was, he yond @U question, the cho'ce of a majority of his political party. apd who had arrived at that pe- | riod of life w preciuded the probability of | his being. on any future occasion, a candidate for the highest office in the gift of a free p the natural summit of political ambition, and the | “@ppropriate end of a wel!-:pent political life, The non- | availability of Mr Clay arose from two causes First, | the determination of General Taylor to rum, whether | Mr. Clay was nominated or uot. which ensured two | whig electoral tickets in each State. Aud second, Mr. | Clay's declaration in his Lexington speech, that hewns | opposed to the acquisition of any more territory for | the purpose of planting slavery upon it. (Loud and protracted huzzas ) This declaration was fatal to him &s would have been a declaration in favor of the Wil mot pro’ Slavery must and will have territory to expand over. The fir-t difficulty should have bevn | ercume by whig organization, forcing Gen. Taylor to | conform to the will of the convention; the second should have been made to yield to whig principles; #0 firmly was the whig party of this State com to the principle of preserving freedom, that I ha charged with being a whig for supporting this principle The Philadelphia Convention, however. surrendered both thefr organization and their principles, and racri- ficed their mest cherished irader to the exactions of the slaveholding interest. The democratic party of New | York had no leader to present—bad no great preference among the candidates, « pect have not the frame right to complain that the whige of New York have by n0 means undertake to oe whigs what | todo I have neither the right oor the disposition to give any such advice The party with which I act has for the Inst fifteen or twenty yuars, or more, been term- | ed @ party of dough-faces; and if the whige submit tc the treatment they have now received. | shall consider the account between us fully adjusted. One thing it is due to Gen. Taylor to say, that whilet he omits to declare what he will do, he announces what he will not do. He says, that although a whig now, he must not | be expected to be a whig after he is elected, fn rogard | to Tyler. | thin« they had a right to complain, al- though they did sing that they would “ Go for Tyler therefore, | Without a why or wherefore,”? | The fact that Tyler was nominated as a whig, accepted as a whig, and elected as a whig, gave them some right to expect that he would be a whig after he was sworn in. (Laughter) But Gen. Taylor has foreclosed an; such expectation; he has refused to occupy any sue! position. Whatever disappointment. therefore, there may be at any course he may take, Ido not think there | can be any just cause of complaint. His situation was | described to me bya whig the other day most appro- | priately, who said that anybody might vote for Gen Taylor, but nobody ought to. (Laughter.) I see it etated by one of his leading friends that he will re- move no one from office for a difference of political opinion, and I am inclined to believe that some veteran office-holding friends of mine place full reliance on this promise. J was in Albany the other day. when Gen. Case made his entry inte the city. In front of him were tea or fifteen men on horseback. the class of men known as “boys,” who will ride a horse for any man who will pay for the horse. Behind them came five earri- ages, with ten men in and t afterwards came what was supposed to be citizens on foot. (laugh. ter] amongst whom I observed Mr. David Floyd Joues of New York, and Mr. David Seymour, of Troy. 1 felt for my watch to see how long the procession woul be in passing ; but it had got by before I got my watch out of my pocket. (Laughter and cheering) On reaching Congress iiail, Mr. Rufus W. Peckbum,an io, telligent lawyer of Albany, drew himself up to address Gen. Cass, and to tender to him » cordial weloome — Alter speaking with great propriety aud distinctness | } | independence, | ed fraternal | enj on fete Mr. P. ond bl truth is, Gomeral, we are very wt on, bart toad thé rest rece ne and from his pooket, accordingly, a paper, Pegg nrigl to at I did mot read a cordial and appropriate weloome ; see in the procession vither the Post », the Col- lector, or the Deputy Collector. It may be that these gentlemen recognize thy impropriety of attempting to tuate their power by political efforts, Or it may berthat they are friendly to Gen. Taylor. The offer- ing made by Gen Case tothe South will, in sll homan probability, prove inneffectual. Amongst the dele- gates from the Albany convention to Baltimore, were the Postmaster of Buffalo, the Postmaster of Penn Yan, the Postmaster, of Delhi, the Collector of Rochester, and other office holders under the general nme | They aided to prooure the nomination of Gen. C and if, in addition to tho defection of the South, he should now be abandoned by the office holders who put him in nomination, he wsuid present an unfortunate illustration of the fable of Actwon, who was devoured by his own hounds. (Laughter.} It will be the duty of the Utiea convention to select a candidate who truly represents the principles of New York. The nominations made in behalf of both ‘ties have been made by slaveholding dictation, The Baltimore nominee «oes, as Col, Benton says, come from the North. He does more ; he goes to the South, and the ople that he abandons will not be likely to adhere to im, The assemblages at Baltimore and Philadelphia saw that, after a struggie of twenty years, the great questions of the tariff, the bank, and the independent treasury, were substantially settled; that whatever disposition there might be to disturb the existing ff, the present national debt would probably prevent any interference with that, or with the proceeds of the public lands, at least during the ensuing administration; that the contest in re- gard to a bank of the United States, had been waged since the foundation of the government, and had three times resulted in s refusal of the people to charter such an institution; that the independ- ent treasury was established in 1830, and although it was repealed in 1840, it was re-established at the first opportunity, and is the undoubted preference of our citizens. The business interests of this country have adapted themselves to the existing order of things; strife and uncertainty are more inju- rious to them than almost any poliey, ‘and the country {s now enjoying, in all the various departments of in- dustry, an unexampled degree of prosperity. If, how- over, 8 desire existed to modify the financial policy of the government, they saw that this could be effected through the election of members of Congress. In view of these circumstances they made the presidential election turn upon the question of extending slavery into free territory, and secured two nominees who ‘were supposed to be friendly to such extension. To effect this, regular organization, past political differ- ences, provemt associations, publls services, capacity, individual claims, consistency, and every other con- sideration, were made to give way to the unyielding and imperious demands of a slave hclding faction. Shall, then the citizens of New York meet the issue which has thus been presented? If no nominations have brea made with reference to past politica divisions, shall the Utica nomination be made upon the same basis, and with reference mainly to the single great question of the day? Can a greater question be pro- sented? It has already destroyed the organization of two parties which have existed since the foundation of the government. It has sacrificed some of the firat meu fn the republic. It has caused others to aposta- tise from their own convictions —from the fuith taught by the fathers of the republic—and to turn recreant to the spirit of the revolution—the brilliant history of the republic—the dictates of humanity, and the example of the civilized world. And this ques- tion is fully understood in this State. In pursuance of the intention of the framers of the constitution, New York weded to abolish ela- very within her own borders. The abolition was a subject of earnest discussion, and was effected in 1817 under the patriot, Tompkins, Having thus willingly deprived herself of the advantages of unequal a! representation, New York has waited thirty year: without even disoussing the evils of slavery, for her Southren brethren in like manner, to execute the im- plied engagements of the constitution. [ finding them disposed to do this, we find tl upon acquiring further slave territory, and bringing into this unequal Union more slave States. Having yielded to this, and having suffered Texas, Louisiana, and Florida, thus to come into a partnership which violates the great principle lying at the basis of our that representation and taxation should go hand in hand, she now finds a determina- tion shown to use the blood and treasure of the Union, to march upon a degraded and half civiliz- ed people in Mexico, cr the and sturdy population of Oregon, to overturn freedom and plant there new slave States. Sho will resist this aggression, and I tremble when I think of the consequences which the South have thus provoked. The wealth of the free States, their enterprise and their energy. ure ax boundiess as is their progress. No less distinguivhed and remarkable is their intellectual power. It would almost scour as if there were something in the institu- tion of human slavery which depressed the intellect as well asthe energy and enterprise of the white race. Look over the face of this country, in its local Legisla- tures, its courts, bar, Congress, in all the departments of literature, science, and the arts, and without und:r- taking to mention names, does not a glance show that the brains of this nation, like those of the natural man, lie above the belt? (Tremendous laughter and cheers.) Suffer then this enterprise, this energy, this intellect, to be brought to bear against the sin and misery of human slavery, its talse sconomy, ite political injustice—its social degradation—its exclusion or prostration of the Anglo Saxon raco. Unfetter it after thirty years of silence and restraint, and suffer it to speak the truths which fraternal love and a just re- epect to the compromises of the constitution compelled it to supprese. (Applause.) Let it chide our Southern brethren with their tardiness in emancipattag the slave; let it publicly agitate the horrors of slavery, which it cannot avoid doing; let it point to Great Bri- tain, Denmark, Turkey, and other despotic governments that have aboliched slavery, (cheers;) or to the young republic of France, founded on the declaration of Jef- ferson, that all men are born free and equal ; let this work be entered upon—and it is inevitable, for the south have forced it upon us—and he must be blind who does not see that the institution of human ¢lavery throughout the United States must fall before this dis- cussion. (Nine cheers were here given for the speaker.) In this respect. (continued Mr. V. B.) it becom: important consideration to tho-e micguided men few in numbers,and sternly opposed by the mass of our upright and prudent citizens, have looked fixedly at the sun of freed less of the bars of the con- stitution which lay in their path; who, shocked by the enormities of human slavery, have jeopard- love, and our glorious Union —who- ther itis now their duty to adhere to a position in which they have faced defeat. persecution and danger. with the unyielding tenacity which distinguishes those who act from conviction, or whether t that great democratic army who, wl shoulder the cross of liberty, never sink under its burden, and who were never know: list in behalf of freedom, without being crowned with complete success. I near and dear friends who are slaveholders; I tremble when I think of the dangers which may tend a discussion which Southern men and slavehold- ers have thus forced upon the public, The framers of our government foresaw this difficulty; slaveholders themselves, they took the lead in denouncing slavery; they were carefulto make ita purely dom: atic insti- tution; they promised and endeavored to ameliorate its condition, and eventually to abolish it. They founded a government and a policy which forbade its | extension; they then relied, as the result shows. with entire safety, upon their more fortunate and non slaveholding brethren, to leave the institution un- molested. All these wise and patriotic consideration have been thrown behiad them by the avarice of the slaveholder and the intrigues of the partizan; the con- Sequences are fearful to contemplate. But | am told that either Gen. Taylor or Gen. Cass must be elected President; that there is not time to effect any other re- sult, There are etl five months before election. this country is intersected with railroads, mi netic telegrophs; thousands of newrpapers daily issued, and public speakers are address- ing the people in all directions. Louis Philippe was one cf the most able sovereigns that ever sat upon « throne; he had strengthened his power by matrimo- nial alliances with the reigning families of neighboring kingdoms; he had aeulogiet and biographer in this re- public; (a loud Jaugh, “he means Casy,") he had one undred thousand men under arms. and legally «ub- ject to his order, in the city of Paris; h io be the wealthiest man in the world; and ye hours he was driven from his throne and his country by an unarmed people, and landed almost pennylors upon 8 foreign shore. If, then, such an unequal contest for human liberty ean be waged by a people who never enjoyed its blessings, am | to believe that five mont! are not sufficient to enable 7,000,000 of laboring men. ing free government. to vanquish 000 slavebolders, when the stake to be contended for is the preservation of freadom, and the tark to be secumplished is to deposit, under the protection of our constitution and laws. a plece of paper in a bal- box next November? It has been suggested that this question can be compromised; that lenders of both political partice will be found who will abandon the principles which they have profersed, and endeavor to secure the election of one of the two can- didates now in nomination In my judgment this question hav pasted beyond the control of any leader; it is in the hands of the voters, Leaders may compro- mise themasclves, but they cannot compromise the principles they bave advocated ; they may sell them- selves, but they cannot ell the people with whom they have heretofore acted. It is @ bad, uly season for trading, and if my almanac x correct, those who em- bark this fall, on the tempestuous sea ef party politics, hoping to be wafted into a safe harbor by the mild and steady breezes of the trade winds, greatly mirs- late the strength and temperature of the es they will encounter. The condition of the pub- nd is eminently favorable to earnest discussion r with those who believe that a bappy nickname & successful battle ever did or ever will make a sideut of the United States. The history of General ile I di or | Harrison and General Juckton ought to dispel such an impression. Both were beaten when they first ran— the one by Mr. Adams, the other by Mr. Van Buren, and to neither of theeo gentlemen was generally con- ceded great personal popularity, But General Jack- son. ¢ head and representative of the democratic party, was irresistible. So was General Harrison as the representative of that mass of men who, seeing a uniform financial policy pureued for twelve years, and at the same time find'ng it followed by commercial depression, determined to hold the policy responsible for thelr sufferings, and to try a change. The great argument 4n 1540, which,in my judgment, determined the result ‘was the ordinary and vulgar one that it is a relief to a inan in pain, who bas been lying {n ome poeition some time, to turn over ; and I infer so from the promptnees with which the people who tried the change of position turned back sgain! A careful oxamination, I believe, w Il always show that the people of this country decide presidential elections upon principle; and | am extre. mely curious to see upon what particular principle the prople of this country are to be asked to place General Taylor or General Cass in the presidential office to act for them, What are they to do when they get there? if it was @ mere appliestion the highest to contribute four years sulary or praise and gratitude to General Twylor, there is put a But it is with New acquainted, and of her people only, that I bs Presume bat ek. I Reig Latwiros. gg unprecedent in size and respec y, in spieit and intelligence in New York, Albany, Syra- cuse, Auburn, Rochester, Buffalo, Warsaw, and here ; and | feel entire conviction what’ will be the course the freemen of this State, unless the nominations to be made at Utica, should be such as to impede or em- barrass the pence to be represent’. This Stato will be. av it been on several momentous occasions, pes yg united in su; * of liberal principles. It was 80 in the revolution ; it was soin the war of 1812; it was so when the constitutions of 21 and °46 were formed. Seduction and intimidation will be alike powerless with our neble Commonwealth. inpby- sical rei it in socialand meral elevation and improvemeat— in_ intellectual power—she is greater than inher devotion to liberty She can neither be bought nor bullied; if she should stand alone now, she has stood alone before. The land of Jay. Ha- milton, Clinton, Tompkins and Wright, is able to stand alone; she bore nearly the entire brunt of the late war— assailed by land and by water—abandoned by those who ah have aided her—she never faltered or hesi- tated or sank; and if now, in the it of abroad, in the face of human in the im; opinion of this age, the duty is to devolve upon her of tearing from the bright banner of the United States the emblem of uggressive slavery, and of standing bo- fore the world on the platform ‘erected by our rovola- tionary forefathers, ‘which all others seek to prostrate or destroy, she will calmly, firmly, and proudly as- sume this honorable position. InrgREsTING From Arrica.—Tue Lineria Re} Pusic.—The ship Madonna, Capt. Lawlin, arrived yesterday from Monrovia, in a passage of 89 days. The United States brig Porpoise was at Monro- via when the M. left. The sloop-of-war Decatur, Capt. Byrne, touched at Monrovia on the 18th of May, and sailed on the 19th on acruise. All well. Passed Midshipman Willock, of Elmira, New York, committed suicide on board the Porpoise. The circumstance leading him to this most hor- rible and cruel act, we learn, is his having to asso- ciate with, and be governed by those who were in no respect his superiors in a literary point of view. This is not the first attempt he has made upon his own life. He shot himselt about 8 o’clock A. M., and died about 5 P.M. The ball took effect in the right temple. Intelligence of the revolution in France was re- ceived at Monrovia, near the end of April, and caused much sensation. In reference to President Robert’s visit to the United States, whose arrival we have already men- tioned, the African Herald says:— “ President Roberts left our shores clothed with cer- tain powers, the amicable arrangement of which, in the United States, England, and with other powers, will raise our spirits, and infuse new energies into every citizen. The Legislature, knowing full well the im- portance of having at the earliest day. foreign govern- ments to acknowledge the independence of the repub- lic. and at the same time having no available re- sources wherewith to send commissioners to foreign courts for the purpose, found itself in rather an awk- ward positior . While in a state of uncertainty as to the most prac- ticable course to be adopted, under these ‘untoward oir- cumstances, it was intimated that the President in- tended to make a foreign visit for the benefit of the health of his family. It was proposed by some of the members of each branch of the legislature, to seek an early opportunity of introducing the subject to the Pre- sident, and if possible obtain bis consent to attend to our foreign affairs while abroad. Theinterview took place, and th f disposed to do'all te bit power to frente oueh the State, was unwilling to be lened with matters of so muck importance, when his ese in going abroad was to seek health. But after consideravle reasoning, the President sald he would no longer consider himeelt august a the cap sentatives of the people might bs uous, that 16 represent ives it ‘No delay took place before the. Legislature passed 0 delay Pl tl ure resolutions clothing him with such authority, and it must be gratifying to the members of the Legislature, to hear the favorable among coming from all partsof the State, as to their action in this respect. A scheme has been set on foot, no doubt by the British government, through one Capt. Murray, to defraud the natives of Settra Croo, of their pros- perous country. The Herald speaking of the affair, alludes to it in the following terms:— “ One David Murray,a Londer trader, has for several years past, been engaged in trading on this part of the coast, and made several times Ii offers to the Lead of Settra Croo for their country, They have invariably refased to sell it to him, but permitted bim to trade with them, in cemmon with other traders. Murray having ascertained that the chiefs had concluded to sell their country to this government, notwithstand. 4ng the many obstacles he had interposed to prevent it, immediately formed a 4 2 whereby he hoped to be- come the purchaser. This was,to call the chiefs together, and to thank them for the trade they had giver him, and to make them large presents. Of course, the na- tives readily met and received the presents. day or Murray told the chiefs that, as he had made them large presents, it was proper that they should sign him a receipt. and he had accordingly prepared one for them to sign. They unhesitatingly re- fused to sign it—and, notwithstan ing all the coaxing, manceuvring and intriguing of this wily Capt. Murray, he is likely to fail in this attempt to defraud the natives. of thelr country. For several days he had been urging and insisting upon their signing of the recoipt. as he called it, but it was nothing less than aregular pur- chase deed for the entire Settra Croo country. The same David Murray has played at this game be- fore, and apparently with a little better success. He claims a part of Trade Town and Little Colab, but takes good cure not to contend for any auch claims before the chiefs of wither of the places. The Prince of Trade Town sccosted him one day. and told him that he had. been informed that he had reported abroad that ha had purchased his country. After considerable equivo- cation, Murray told the Prince yhat he had purchased. his country. The Prince immediately ‘arew bh and would have killed him on the spot. ifthe spectators had not interfered. He was very glad to ercape with bis life, and made n» delay whatever in getting on board hisehip. This nice captain will receive at Little Colah the same unceremonious attention, should he trust himself on shore at that place. Monrovia appeais, trom our accounts, in a most thriving condition, and is rapidly improving in ap- pearance as well as in mechanism and many of the arts. The following brief account will be found interesting:— For the last tw: spirit of industry and enter- prise seems to have taken possession of our people; and though the song of “hard times” continues to be heard on every side, the improvements of the last two years in buildings, of a durable and costly character, tar ex- por sg hear ee those of any other period. It is really gratifying to us to notice the rapid trides that are now made by all classes of the pecple to make themselves comf ’ Wéjcounted. afew days ago, thirty-four new build. ings, many of tem k and stone, and in a forward state of completion; and errangements are for the building of as many more Our young men are not behind the ee of the times. Many of them are honorably exerting themselves to get into their own houses. Ship building has been a feature in the new re- public; and, although but in a very incipient state, was attracting much attention among the natives and the colonists. The Herald, alluding to the launch of a new schooner, eays:— “In a fow woeks we hope to have the gratification of recording the departure of another new craft: having noticed. a few days ago, one of respectable size nearly rendy to be Inunched; and we are easured. thi mate- rials are being collected for the building of another considerably larger than the Surannah.”* The slave trade is still going on at different points throughout the West Coast. The Herald says:— “We learn, from an authentic source, that the slave trade is carried on quite extensively at or near Little Cape Mount, (distant about 40 miles), by a Krooman named Do; employed, as we are informed, by that no- torious slave dealer at New Cess, He has now on hand about 70 slaves for that market, “Some few months ago there was a similar establis! ment at King @ray’s town. distant about sixteen mil and a goodly number of citizens voluntecred thelr ser- vices to go and resoue the poor victims, doomed to un- dergo the severity of their inhuman masters, if some assistance was not afforded. “The natives of the Little Bassa country are again st variance: however, it has not yet terminated in war, There difficulties among the native tribes, arising from some unprincipled source, have been of material injury to this government; for they atop all trade with us and the natives, and,ina manner, among themrelves Many of them have been obliged to lose the time of harvest, and consequently have been re- duced to extreme waut and starvation.”” in progress Fatat, Accivent.—A serious accident occurred on the Western railroad, in East Brookfield, Mon- day afternoon. In attempting to secure his horse, which had become frightened by the approach of a gravel train, Mr. Darling Melntyre, of East Brookfield, was thrown directly on the track with the horse, and run over, causing his death almost immediately. No other person was injured. The afternoon passenger train from Boston was obliged to wait for some time at the scene ot the accident for ae track wt dS cleared of the wrecks of the vel care, an not atrive at Springfield un fen o’elock.— Bost lon Paper. in sword, | — NEW YORK HERALD. NIBLO’S, Astor Place—-Vizrsous Dancens—Beraran Qtant—Suirouns 1 [xora. ie ROADWAY THEATRE, Breedwey—Mam or Crowsy—Ro- uae Macainm—Mopaw or 4 Wire. \THAM THEATRE. Ohswnam steet—Inisu Awsassa- Os Yonx As Ir Iv—Limenicx Boy. CASTLE GARDEN. Rattrv—Bannacx Room—Havssr Famity Conomnt—Dons on Born Sivas, duerame-Heworan anemesBuaianave Dasemey be PANORAMA Broadway, near Housten—Bamvann's ?aNORAMA OF THE TABERNACLE. Broadway—! mio STRAKOSON's GRAND Conczat. MEY. FEMALE ACADEMY, Joroleman atreet.—STEYERMAREISOME MostcaL Company's Concent. New York, Thursday, June 20, 1848, Jane 28, Weduesday.o. ee .ee see ccccsee sess 10,990 ooples of the Morning Edi:ion of the Heraid com- ‘yesterday st 18 minutes past 4 'olook, and fniabed ab a» before 9 c’olook. The Edition at 25 minutes ast d oclook, and fnlahed at 3 colock- ‘The French Republic—Its Position—Its Stability. By the last steamer from Europe, we received a vast mass of foreign exchanges, and letters from our various correspondents in different parts of continental Europe. We publish- ed a day or two since, extracts from our English exchanges; and to-day we publish a part of our special and private cortespondence. A perusal of the English newspapers will satisfy any unprejudiced person, that there is no use in looking for facts in them, in regard to the present revolutionary state of Europe, especially the French republic. We have, on former occasions, expressed this view, and we have abundant rea- sons to reiterate it now. According to those journals, France is in a state of anarchy and confusion, dreadful to contemplate; and, as to the idea that peace and order can ultimately be pro- duced out of such a chaotic state of things, as was produced by the overthrow of the government of Louis Philippe, and the formation of a republic, it is the height of absurdity. In fact, if we coin- cided with the views expressed by the newspaper press of England, and their numerous correspond- ents in Paris, the people of France are already sick and tired of the experiment of free govern- ment. This is downright nonsense. France never will be governed by a monarchy again. Louis Philippe was the last monarch of that country. Hereafter she will be a re- public, one and indivisible; and hereafter there will be more order, more tranquility, more liberty, more freedom, personal and political, as well as more prosperity, general and individual, than have ever reigned there before; or that ever will be ob- served in any of the other countries of Europe, unless they adopt a republican form of government, as France hasdone. The truth is, in political mat- ters there is no truth in the English journals. There have been, to be sure, emeutes, disturbances, rows, and riots, in France ; but who is so uorea- sonable as not to find either sufficient palliation for them in the excitement of the times, or in the mis- taken zeal of the friends of freedom, who wish to push the cause to extremes. But these circum- stances, so far from endangering the strength of the new republic, have actually solidified it; and from day to day it has gone on increasing in strength and power until the present; when, not- withstanding all the assertions, wishes and sur- mises of the English newspaper writers, it is posi- tively the most tranquil, the most prosperous, and the most powerful nation in Europe. There 1s no country in that quarter of the world but France, the general prosperity of which can be at all compared to the United States. A constitution is about to be formed, on a basis like the constitution of the United States. A President will be elected like ours; and we have no doubt that, in other respects, our political institutions will be applied in France, as far as they can be followed, considering the dif- ferences existing between the manners, habits, and wants of the people of the two countries. Our special French correspondence, a portion of which we publish in to-day’s Herald, will give our readers a clear insight into the present condition of France. These letters are written in a fair, un- prejudiced, and impartial manner; and 1t will be seen at a glance, that the statements therein made are true; and any deductions that are drawn from them, are done so in a reasonable and philo- sophical way, by writers who are liberal in their ideas, and who understand the workings of demo- cracy in all its various phases. From the few emeutes which have taken place in Paris, they do not jump at the conclusion that republicanism is im- practicable; neither do they assert, that, because a few of the aristocracy, whose wealth was depend- enton factitious credit, have fallen, the people generally are not prosperous. No, they do not do so; neither do they assert, as the English press does, that there is a reaction in favor of monarchy; but on the contrary, they say that “the prospect for the establishment of a constitution 19 put beyond any reasonable doubt, although there may be many occasions for alarm and agitation to the timid.” ‘The predictions and assertions of the English press, are repeated and reiterated by the corres. pondents of some of our American journals. We allude, especially, to the letters from France which appear in the Commercial Advertiser, the Courier and Enquirer, and the Journal of Commerce, of thiscity. The same quasi lugubrious forebodings are entertained by the Paris correspondents of those papers, not only because the wniters are Englishmen, but because, also, they know they will suit the columns of those papers. The republic of France is, we think, safe beyond question, notwithstanding all that is said by the English press, and long may it continue so. If the writers would look nearer home, they would find more materials on which to base the pre- dictions of disaster and ruin, than are exhibited in France. When the chartists of England are si- lent; when the Irish cease from attempting a dis- memberment of the empire; when the taxes are weduced 80 that the poor can live for themselves and not for their taskmasters—the aristocracy and oligarchy ; when, in a word, the English people are no longer the most oppressed and over bur- dened people in the world ; those English journals may, with some consistency, find fault with what is disagreeable to them in other countries. Sprrecu or Joun Van Buren.—We give in ano- ‘ther column the last speech of John Van Buren. Mt will be read by all the Old Hunkers in the coun- try. We intend to give in a day or two, perhaps on Saturday, the address which was adopted by the Barnburners, at their convention in Utica, on she 22d inst. That, also, will be read by the Old Bonkers, These political papers will read cu- riously enough a few years from this. The speeches, addresses, and resolutions of the politi- is of 1848, ought to be salted down for future ube. Tue Sreamer Sovrwerner arrived hence at Charleston, on Sunday morning early. For Liverroor.—In consequence of the state of the tides, the steamship America (which sails to- ‘morrow for Liverpool.) cleared to-day, and will drop helow. So far, 70 passengers are engaged, of which all but six are for Liverpool. Among the ngers, we notice the name of Mrs. i apman, whe is designated in the list asan “abolition lecturer = trade or profession.” As to specie, the America has but 1,689 dollars on board, which probably will roy be largely increas- » Fume 27, od MOLDERS.~—As matters stand at present, it is almost beyond doubt that General Taylor, Mr. Polk’s home manufactured candidate, for he laid the egg, and the Mexican war hatched it, will be the next President of the United States, and will as assured- ly reign in the White House for the nextfour years, as that the present occupant thereof is one James K. Polk, who formerly practised the intricacies of law in a neat white-washed town somewhere down im Teunessee, and who was nominated for that office because he had the peculiar felicity, be- fore the canvass, of being unknown, unhonored, and unsung. With this certainty staring us in the face, what, in the name of politics and patriotism, are the numerous hordes of office-holders to do, what course are they to take in the coming contest? Are they to support General Cass, whose elec- tion is a contingency of doubtful occurrence, or are they to throw their influence in the scale of General Zachary Taylor, a certain military man, who did certain great things on a certain occasion, on a certain field called Buena Vista, with a certain kind of shot called grape ? It is estimated that there are at least sixty thou- sand office-holders under the general administra- tion, and that the amount of plunder annually dis- tributed by government, is equal to forty millions of dollars, which is expended in a thousand and one ways. The party which has the command of these office-holders, and the scattering of this vast amount of spoils, is possessed of a potent weapon, which,when wielded by a cunning hand, can knock down opponents as fast as an expert bowler will knock over ten pins in a New York alley. But the opponents must be of the right sort, of the to- the-victor-belongs-the-spoils character, or these great feats cannot be accomplished; and the man who handles the weapon must be expert as well. Now, in order to determine the question, as to how the present office-holders will conduct themselves in the coming canvass, we must inquire first, whe- ther this great weapon is in the hands of an expert bowler, or whether he who wields it is a bungler, apt to run his ball up the alley—and secondly, whether the adversary belongs to the order which we have referred to ? The first inquiry can soon be disposed of. Every one in the country knows that Mr. Polk, previous to the meeting of the Baltimore Convention, re- sorted to every trick and artifice known in the poli- tician’s manual, to procure a re-nomination, but failed. He threw his balls at the ten pins; but in- stead of knocking them over, they rebounded, and toppled himself on the slippery alley, where he re- mains floundering away, amid the jeers of the lookers on. This shows that Mr. Polk is not an expert hand in the political bowling alley. In re- gard to the other print, General Taylor has un- equivocally declared that he is not a party man, and in relation to removing political opponents from office, and filling their places with his friends, he says he willnot do it. Therefore he isnot a to-the-victor-belongs-the-spoils opponent. Now, how wil the office-holders act in this pe- culiar position in which they are placed. For cer- tain reasons, Mr. Polk would desire their influence in favor of General Cass—but he 1s an unskilful operator. They are therefore thrown on their own judgment. How then will theyact? We are sat- isfied that they will act so asto deprive General Cass of the benefits which the exereise of this pow- er has heretofore conferred. Many of them will doubtless adhere to the fortunes of General Cass, and sink or swim with him; but the greater pro- portion will take sides with General Taylor, be- cause his star is, and most likely will be, ia the ascendant, until it burats in full splendor at Wash- ington, like Crutchett’s lantern on the top of a long pole, of a dark night. The influence of office will, therefore, in the present canvass, be an instrument to help to defeat General Cass, and to elect General Taylor. Such 1s the view we take of the matter, It will add to his popularity and tothe chances of his election, which, from the signs of the times, is almost cer- tain. The present is, therefore, in this, as in ma- ny other respects, anomalous, and it will result, we have no doubt, in the destruction of the two old parties, and the establishment of a great com- prehensive republican party, known as the Taylor party; as the present democratic party was known as the Jackson party. Van Buren anp Burr.—It has often been re- marked by those acquainted with both the persons and characters of Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Burr, that there was a great resemblance between them, in intellect, in ambition, in manners, and might be in destiny. The recent movement made at Utica, and the position taken by Mr. Van Buren on the Wilmot proviso, leading eventuully to a great anti-slave excitement of the day, would seem to tend far to fill up the parallel between these two remarkable men. Burr was disappointed in his hopes of succeeding Jefferson; and he immediate- ly set on foot an expedition, which, under the name of producing a revolution in Mexico, was gene- rally thought to be intended to separate the Narth from the South. Mr. Van Buren, more politic in a more politic age, and less military in disposition than Mr. Burr, has headed a movement at Utica which may have the same results upon the union of these States, as those contem- plated by the original project of Burr, un- less the good sense of the people of this country should prevent it. According to all appearances, under the name of Wilmot proviso, an attempt is now being made to form an immense party of the North, generally imbued with all the anti-slavery feeling, and placed in hostile array against the South. If the conventions held in the free States, and the general assemblage which 1s to meet at Buffalo on the 9th of August next, should follow the lead of Utica, and go for the Van Buren nomi- nation, he may be able to array an immense party together upon anti-slavery grounds, in opposition to the South, and in opposition to General Cass.— In fact, 4 things now are, and as this mevement progresses in these latitudes, the prospects of Ge- neral Cass are melting away every day. Now, if the anti-slavery feeling should increase and spread, under the lead of Mr. Van Buren—as there is every appearance that it will—there will then be, before the 7th of November, virtually, only two candidates and two parties in the field—Gene- ral Taylor and union, and practical legislation, on the one hand; and on the other hand, Mr. Van Bu- ren with the Wilmot proviso and anti-slavery sen- timents, and hostility to the South, and ultimate- ly, disunion, and every thing else which may fol- low in its train! People of sense, and sound Americans, may se- lect between them. Tus New Cong or Procenvre~Morr Revo. Lution.—On Monday next, the new code of pro- cedure in legal practice, goes into operation in this State. Lawyers of all ages and capacity will now be reduced to a dead level, and will all of them have to begin to study practice over again. Great apprehensions are entertained that difficul- ties and doubts, springing out of the new code, will cause even more delay, expense, and uncertainty, than all the technicalities of the old system. Some there are who affirm that the whole code will be set aside on the very first case brought up before the High Court of Appeals, consisting of eight good and learned judges, elected by the people. There will be, at all events, a great deal of diffi- culty, a great deal of trouble, and a great deal of conten! But we must remember that we are in a new and highly revolutionary age, and that the day, is now come when the lightning of heaven 1+ harnessed, and does the work of the old cart horses. Movements of Distinguished Individuals, Gen. Shields arrived in Albany on the evening of the 28th, and proceeded weet in the cars. 4 TELSORAPSIC INTELLIGENCE, Summary. By our telegraphic reports of the proceedings of Congress, it will be seen that the Senate was principally occupied in discussing the subject of the incorporation of, the Texas navy into that of the United States. The Oregon bill was taken up and discussed, but nothing of moment transpired in the deliberations. In the House nothing of im- portance was transacted. A formidable conspi- racy, headed by Paredes, has broken out in the city of Mexico, having for its object the extermi- netion of the peace party, five of whom have already been murdered. Late and Important from Mexico. New Orveans, June 23, 1848. The steamship Palmetto arrived yesterday from Vera Cruz. Our advices from that’ city are to the 18th, her day of sailing. _A formidable conspiracy has broken out in the city of Mexico, having for its object the overthrow of the government and the extermination of the pare party, or the party in favor of the late treaty. he work of assassination had already com- menced—tive of the prominent advocates of peace, fnaade of the United States, having been mur- ered. Tne conspiracy is headed by General Paredes, ey and Padre Jarauta, the guerilla leader. All the United States troops were expected to leave the capital on the 21st June. : The Palmetto brought four companies of Michi- gan volunteers, * Mr. Sevier left the capital on the 12th, and was expected to arrive at Vera Cruz on the 19th. On his arrival at Vera Cruz, the oustom house = that place would be given up to the Mexican au- thorities. Explosion at Washi: ne _ Wasminerton, June 28, 1848. Another explosion occurred to-day, at the Navy Yard. The workmen were preparing several large fire-works, for the Fourth of. Ji uly, when the mate- rials ignited, Sapoding: in every direction with a tremendous crash. e building was entirely destroyed. The workmen, three in number, mi- raculously escaped without personal injury. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. Senate. Wasnixaton, June 28, 1848. The Sonate convened at 11 A.M. The President pro. tem eulled to order. A number of petitions were presented and referred. INCORPORATION OF THE TEXAS NAVY WITH THAT OF THE UNITED STATES. Mr. Rusg, of Texas, moved to take up tho bill in fa- Yor of incorporating the Texas Navy with that of tl United States, aud moved to make it the order of th day for to-morrow week, which was agreed to. MAIL CONTRACTORS. On motion, the joint resolution in favor of romovi the disability from mail contractors, incurred: bj fe! into combinations, was taken up, amend OPRIATIONS IN FAVOR OF FORTIFICATIONS. On ion of Mr. ArHerton, chairman of the Com- mittee on Finance, the bill making appropriations for fortifications, was taken up. Mr. Atherton offered an amendment to the bill appropriating $60,000 for th improvement and completion of the Fort in the Dela- ware river on island. On motion, ubject was informally laid aside. The morning business was then, on motion, dispensed withyand the OREGON BILL WAS TAKEN UP. Mr. Bennien, of Georgia. being entitied to the rose and addressed the Se: atlength. Hi id he had always carefull ined from discussing the important question now presented tothe consideration of the Senate, and had earnestly endeavored to pre- yent any such discussion, by steadfast resistance to the acquisition of territory. ‘The question, he said, was now, however, forced upon them. and it became the South to meet it. He denied the right of Congress to legislate on the subject of slavery, and argued the ques- tion at much length. flouse of Representatives. The Houre met at 11 o'clock, The Speaker resumed his seat and called to order, when the journal was read and spproved. EXTRA ALLOWANCE TO GEN. cass. Mr. Andrew Stewart, of Pennsylvania, offered a re- solution calling upon the President of the United States for information respecting the extra allowance rendered Gen. Cass while Governor of the Northwest Territory Amendments were proposed in favor of in- cluding the amounts paid by Gen. Taylor for blood- hounds in the prosecution of the Seminole war in Flo- rida. Objections were made, when the subject was passed over, Mr. Stewart, however, saying that he would offer a resolution at another time ou the same subject. REVENUE GENERAL OF THE PosT OFFICE, A resolutson was offered and adopted, calling upon the Postmaster General to farnish the amount of the revenue received from each State- within the past ten years. THE TREASURY ERRORS AND PRINTING—COUNTER RE- Ports. The resolution in favor of printing 10,000 copies eack of Messrs. Strohm’s and Bedinger’s majority and mino- rity reports, respecting the errors in the report of tho Secretary of the Treasury, came up for consideration. Mr. Rocxwer1 offered a resolution in favor of refere ring Mr. Strohm’s report, with the minority repsrt, to acommittee of enquiry, and authorise it to muke a thorough examination into the Treasury accounts, loans of Treasury notes, &c., and to kend for persons and papers. The question was taken by yeas and nays, and decideu in the affirmative by the following vote : yeas 104; nays 37. Mr. Vinton, of Ohio, Chairman of Committee of Ways and Means, moved that the House resolve itself’ into a Committee of the Whole, on the. State of the Union, Mr. Root, of Ohio, in the chair, when the GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL was taken up. Mr. Houmrs, of South Carolina obtain- ed the floor, and made an eloquent speech, and said the action of the government was dictated by hostility to South Carolina Ho praised General Taylor. who he said would, as Prerident, bring about a healthful state of things. When he had concluded Mr. Sima, from tho same State, followed in reply. Mr. Woovwarp, of the same State, followed Mr. kt and made a few remarks on internal improve- ments. Mr. James Pornock, of Pennsylvania, obtained the floor, when the committee rose. and on motion the House adjourned over till Thursday, to-morrow. Markets. Bosrow. Juno 28.—Flour—Thero was no chango in prices. We note sales of 1200 bbls, including Mich!- gan, Geneseo, and other Western brands, at $5 62, a $6. Corn—5000 bushels sold, part Western mixed, at 49¢, and yellow do at 55¢e. ‘The market closed dull Rye—Sales of 450 bushels at 750. Oats were dull; 2000 bushels changed hands at 45e. Aunany, June 28—Receipts by canal within the past twenty-four hours—Flour, 2000 barrels; corn, 900 bush. els, In flour no change was perceptible. "Wheat—8000 bushels were on the market, (good Genesee) for which $133 was asked. Corn—We note sales of 6000 bushels, consisting of round yellow, at 51a51%%. Oats—10,000 bushels were disposed of at 40}<c. No change in pro- visions. Whiskey dull. New Oateans, June 23,—Cotton is quiet. The sales yesterday reached 1500 bales, ranging at 54 a 60. for middling and good middling. Sugar, molasses, and flour are without change, Northern exchango has impreved. floor, that Shipping Intelligence. Naw Onxeana, June IS-Uld, ship Lieas for Philadelphia, City Intelligence, Tus Weatunn.—The weather yosterday was consi- derably warmer than that of tho day before At no time, until lato in the afternoon, did the thermometer stand below 80 degrees in the Herald office, A heavy cloud rose from the West about five o’elock in the ai- ternoon, which portonded a storm, and there was con- siderable thunder and a good shower, which made the air delightful. Ins Rervmuican Uxton.—Another mecting of this body was last night held at the Shakspoare Hotel.- Dwyer’s company of the brigade were presont. They are'a fino body of young men, and seemed well drilled It was announced that the Irish emigrants who were to have gone out in thy ship * Skiddy” should call on the committee, and other arrangements should now be made. . Smart Loaves.—It isa source of goneral complaint that the loaves of bread, sold by a’majority of the ba- kers of the city, are no larger now than when flour was $10 per barrel. The excuse they offered was that the enormous price of flour would not, in justice to them. relves, allow the lonves of w larger sige. Whatis tho excuse now? Flour has fallen to about $6 per barrel, and yet the loaves retain tho same size, In ahnost every other city in the Union, there isan express sta tute regulating the quantity of flour to be putin a loaf, but in thie groxt civy, where every man has a right to do as he pleases, the bakers, by combination or other. wise, compel the citizens to pay whatever prices they please to charge. It is enid that lonves are made of three sizes. Those sold nt the counter the largest, those carried around to customurs the next, and thoos sold to grocers for retail, the least. thus compelling the orost olasses to paythe largest price, There should bo something done in this matter, and compel those vendine bread to wake the loaves in proportion to tho price of flour. Tne Batteny.—Tho attractions of this bean idea! of promenades, we regret to ray, are lessened In agrent do. gree, by the uneightly and to say the least. disagreeable display of bed linen, bedding, and all sorts of wearing apparel, allowed to bleach on its railings. This, if now an encroachment upon its beauty, is certainty a ae- seoration, which, during the sw r months, when so many strangers visit the Battery for pleasure and reervntion, is calculated tol 9 very favors ble im pression, cither as regards the regulations of the per sons in charge, or of the tastes and hablis of the resi. « deutsin tho vielnity. The practioe of using pnulio promenades far such purposes, has been allowed to grow ‘Upon « certain class, much 1 the dlserydlt of cus city