The New York Herald Newspaper, May 8, 1848, Page 1

an = Whole No. 5092. HALF PAST SEVEN, A. M. WBY SPECIAL GOVERNMENT EXPRESS. ite a c NSP Ae. ONE WEEK LATER NEWS FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP BRITANNIA, AT BOSTON. IMPORTANT INTELLIGENCE. Great Excitement in France. MORE DISTURBANCE IN COLOGNE. THE DANISH TROUBLES. The General War in Europe. Another Defeat of the Austrians by the Italians. The Chartist Agitation in England. MORE COMMERCIAL FAILURES. IRISH AFFAIRS. Attempted. Suicide of Tom Steele, the Agitator. State of the Markets, &c. dic. dic. The specialPost Office express, with the mails of the Britannia; reached this city at five o’clock this morning, in charge of Thomas Pomeroy, Esq., of the Boston Post Office, to whose energy we are indebted for the latest intelligence from Europe. ‘The Britannia sailed from Liverpool on the 22d ult., and her news is one week later. It is important. There had been a battle between the Austrians and Italians in which the latter were victorious. The Chartists are still holding their meetings in London and in the provinces, and are arming in the north of Scotland. There has been a tremendous excitement in Paris. Not only the people but the provisional government have been in a state of turmoil and trouble. The particulars will be given the Even- ing Edition of the Herald. Intelligence is received of a regular organization of the chartist forces in Scotland. A public meet- ing has been held at Aberdeen, for the purpose of eleeting a delegate to the national convention, and measures were adopted for the gnrolment of volun- teers. Negotiations between the Prnssian Government and the house of Rothschild fora new loan are an- nonnced to have totally failed. It is stated in the papess from the Hague that the Governor General of the Dntch East Indies has been anthorised to declare Menado, at Celebes, a free port. No amelioration has taken place in credit or confidence throughout Europe. The Croats have set fire to the village of Castel Nuova, containing 2000 inhabitants. The Croats formed a cordon round it, and the villagers were all burned to death, uttering the most appalling shrieks. The whole of that part of Europe, says the European Times, which skirts the Rhine, and borders on France, seems quiet disorganised.— The wildest radicalism {has taken root in the Grand Duchy of Baden; and the cicties of Germans, Swiss, Baden andicale, and secret 90- an armed in- French emissaries seem organising vasion. At Hesse Cassel the soldiers and the ci zens are at violent issue, the military having attempted to restore their former reign of physical force. The Duke of Hesse Cagsel has expressed his indignation at the outrages attempted by his guards, whose dissolution as a regiment he has ordered, and some of the culprits are to be tried by courts-marfial. In Saxony a frightful in- ceadiary insurrection seems to be going on, which the Government cannot succeed in putting down. In Alsace a complete insurrection of the peasantry exists. The troops have been attacked at Mor- montior, and 15 were killed. The riotersZwere at length repulsed with great loss, and their leader captured. Prince Metternich waa in London. The s Liverpool on the 22d nit. The steam ship Hermann arrived at Southamp- teamship United States had not reached ton from Bremen, on the 20th, on her homeward voyage to New-York, for whtch port she leaves Southampton on the 20th inst. The Roscius hence had arrived at Liverpool. ‘The Caledonia arrived out on the 18th ult. But we annex the details of the news: Special Despatches to the New York Herald. Livervoor, April 22, 1848—6 A. M. I shall now, as usual, with the view of making my multum in parvo the more valuable to the peo- ple of America, furnish you the outlines and prin- cipal substance—the stamina of occurrences that have taken place in the European world in the week, like the Britannia, about to leave us, and refer my readers to the more detailed accounts that, anon, will be Herald-ed to them, for farther particulars. On the whole, there has been but a meager sup- ply of news since the departure of the Ameri meager in comparison with any other week since the 24th of February. In the first place, I must tell you that the markets have varied so little singe the date of my last des- patch, (in which J gave a full,’ though condensed for Y. ¢. © that is offered 13 bought. cline of from Is. to Sales have been large at from 42s. to 44s. for kegs, and 38s. Chartist meeting, on the evening o} deputation attend statement of them,) that [ have scarcely a shade of improvement to announce. however, in the words of somebody, they don’t “mend worser.”” However, I may say ‘There isnot the slightest improvement in cotton. Sales to consumers are to a very limited extent. This proves how wretchedly depressed trade is especially as prices are 80 moderate. During the week there has been a classes, for export. Sales on Saturday, , for exportation); Moniay, Or (2000 for e tion); Tuesday, 3500, € nesday, 4000, (1000 for exportation.) ‘ight demand for the better rta- ed- ‘The sales, however, in Ca- for exportation); Rice is depressed. rolina are moderate, at pricees quoted in my last. ‘There isa fal off in tallow, 53s. is accepted Rosin still from 2s. 4d. to 2s, 6d. per wt. FR ‘A brisk demand for lard continues: nearly all ‘There is, however, ade- in. this article. 8. Gd. per ewt 6d. for barrels. The London Prices Current of the 18th say: “ Importers of colonial produce have exhibited, since our last, leas anxiety to make sales, by submitting less to the notice of the trade. Home buyers were, however, more desirous to make purchases, and the business transacted by private treaty has considerably exceeded those of the former week, It is also encouraging to no- tice the fact, that the principal of the goods brought to public competition, during the Week, were disposed of. For raw sugar, holders are enabled to procur better nd other articles generally maintain their quo- ‘Tea and rice, however, have again fallen in value, as stocks are unusually large State of the Country. In the “rebelious” department, matters are al- most at a, stand still. Since the signal failure of the Chartist demonstration at the uncommon com- mon, Kensington Common, the country has been wonderfully quiet ; for their “Rebellion had bad luck.” In Ireland too, “rebellion looks” have ceased to look “so giant-like.” True bills were found gainst the traversers on Saturday last. Smith O’Baien’s trial will come onon the 13th May. ‘The traversers will be allowed to appear by their at- torneys. _ At Edinburgh there was a largely attended n f the Vth. A yr led from Leith, said to be great in heraldic device. One lad carried a pole with an inverted crown at the top; another had a flag with, “ The lion of Scotland has risen from his lair: beware whigs, beware!” The people dis- rsed quietly—neither the pensioners, who were lodged in the castle, nor the special services were required. i i . ‘The Irish anarchists have had their demonstration, in the shape ofa soiree to the gentlemen who were ambassadors to the French republic, at which the usual amount of sedition and treason, was spouted; and the redoubtable O’Brien plainly intimated that his friend O’Gorman, who is studying the theory of barricades in Paris, may return in time to reduce it to practice, in the event of the trial for sedition going against himself and his copatriots. At this meeting there was some show of fraternization be- tween Young and Old Irelanders; and during the discussion at the Repeal Association on Monday, enough was let out to show that a schism has bro- ken out in that body. For the present, however, the appeal of the Messrs. O’Connell, and the threat to withdraw from Ireland with the ashes of their father, were successful, and for the present, at least, Conciliation Hall adheres to legal and constitution- al agitation only. How long this will continue is problematical, but the vigorous proceedings now adopted by the government seem likely to render sedition too dangerous a game to be played with bar ee i n Wednesday there was a meeting of several of the most influential merchants for the purpose of organizing an association to bring about a retrench- ment_in the national expenditure, and more equal taxation, Mr. K. Gladston, who was called to the chair, said, he believed all parties saw the necessi- ty of a change, although there were diffent opinions asto what it should be. He accused the govern- ment of apathy in respect to the commercial inter- ests of the empire. ne Mr. Ag one beers we soph would strengt le newly-formed par Lament, party. Itis Mitended td present a Heil pee the Mayor, and shortly hold another public meeting in further- ance of the objects of the society. Yon no donbt will regret to learn that “ Poor Tom Stcele, O°’Connell’s ‘head pacificutor,” in the days when that crafty politician kept Ireland in a state of constant agitation, hopeless of his country’s regenera- tion, and worn out with anxiety on her behalf, attempt- od to + shuftie off this mortal coil’ by precipitating himself from Waterloo bridge into the ‘Thames, at seven o'clock last evening. Ata few minutes before seven o'clock the unfortunate man was observed to alight from a club in Wellington street. and, having paid the driver his fare, he walked to the toll-gate. put down a penny piece, received his change. and passed on to the bridge. On arriving at the second recess from the Mid- diesex side, he stopped auddenly, took off his cap—the celebrated cap with which his friend O'Connell crowned him in by-gone days—and.mounting the parapet.threw himself into the river. ntleman who was crossing the bridge on the opposite side observed the whole oceur- rence at only a few paces’ distance, but so rapidly did the unfortunate man effect his purpose.that it was found impossible to render him any assistance. Happily a waterman was passing through the bridge in « small boat at the moment the unfortunate man entered the water, and with a presence of mind that does him the highest credit, he immediately pulled towards him, aud with some difficulty at length succeeded in getting him into hi boat. The poor man was taken ashore at t Strand lane stairs, and thence conveyed to King’s C lege Hospital, where he received all the attention his case required, from Mr. Burton, the house surgeon of that institution. We understand the cheif inju- ry ho has sustained is the shock to his system. from having fallen flat upon the surface of the There can be no doubt that the veteran agitator had contemplated the rash act for some hours at least, as he had been occupied during the chief part of the day in writing letters at Pecle’s coffee-house, an establishment he was in the habit of occasionally fre- quenting. Within his cap, which, as above stated. he placed on the bridge before he threw himself over. was a smnall piece of paper scaled to the lining with black wax. on which was written—‘Tom Steele, county of Clare. Ireland.” That Tom Steele never, like O'Connell and some others, made agitation a trade, may be gathered from the fact that, when he came of age, he entered on & beautiful estate fof £15,000 or £16,000 « year, in the county of Clare. Twenty years of amateur agitation brought him to the Insolvent Debtors’ Court, in Dub- lin, where he was opposed by the present member for Ennis, the O’Gorham Mahon. Having taken the be- nefit of the act, he came to England, and has since been living upon an allowance out of his estate. Mr. Stecle took high honors at Cambridge, and is a member of the senate of the University. It may not be gene- rally known that it was Mr. Steele who proposed O'Connell at the celebrated Clare clection, from which aroxe the Catholic emancipation act.” | This is according to the account given in the Times of this sad affair. It is now 10 o’clock, and our letters must be mailed before half past 10. There is no sign of the steamer ‘ United States.” ALBIONA. Ireland. (From the Liverpool Mail, April 22. Irish affairs are becoming a little more settled. Messrs, Meagher. O'Brin, and Mitchell, are proparing for their trials, which are expected to take place acout the 12th of May, and, in the, meantime, are exhausting their vo- cabulary of sedition. The orators of the Repeal As: ion are quarreling among themselves, whilst their funds are alxo exhausted; here and there a ranting revolutionary priost denounces the union, and advised war and bloodshed; but he usual gets a rap on the knuckles from his superior. Poor Tom Steele.O'Connell's head-pacificator, hat happily been reacued from an attempt to perpetrate self-destruction, but his mind, as well as his property, is irrevocably gone. Drilling ix practised in many parts of the provinces, but the government in Dublin has evinced a determination to suppress these foolish and illegal demonstrations; pikes and fire-arms also continue to sell well; whether they will ever be brought into use, or if used will not be more injarious to the purchasers than to those against whom they may be directed, are questions which we shall not take upon ourselves to decide. [From the European Times, April 22. The deplorable state of Ireland, apparently on the verge of acivil war, continues to occupy the deepest attention of all classes. In the wild and tumultuous passions now evoked, it is scarcely to be hoped that the calm exhortations of wisdom and experience be listened to, The majority of the people of Ireland, now toa great extent armed, seem resolved upon go perate act, which will secure for them the accomplis! ment of their darling hopes, or plunge them still deep into the abyas of misery. Whatever may be the issue of the impending struggle, no one can doubt thata vast amount of misery will be suffered by the middle and humbler classes, and however show the process of quiet and penceful legislation might ave been, in ameliorating their conditionn, « a direct appeal to arms appears to us far more certain of bringing down accumulated troubles upon our high- minded, but mis-guided fellow-subjects. The diver- gence between the repealers, headed by Mr. O'Connel and the party led on by Mr. Mitchell, becomes greater every ey. The O’Connella manfully declare that they wil take their stand upon upon, at the very ne plus ultra, the uttermost bounds of the law and con- stitution, and will adhere to the counsels bequeathed to them by their father, to obtain repeal by peaceable and constitutional means only. If the association trasgreases this line, the O’Connells’ will take no part in thoir proceedings. France. Galignani says :—The exact amount of the debts of the civil List of Louis Philippe, ip gow said to be nearly ROMER FON seg ne G3 eater NEW YORK, MONDAY MORNING, MAY 8, 1848. 40,000,000, of which half is due to individuals, and the other half to the Treasury. These debts cannot be dis- charged at present, the private domain being merely under sequestration, und the question of a sale being reperved for the decision of the National Assembly.— The ancient domaine prive represented an estimate of 200,000,000f. The successor of Madame Adelaide, which has fallen to the Prince de Joinville and the Duke de Montpensier, is valued at 60,000,000f. besides 20,000,000f. left to the Duke de Nomours, The sueces- sion ofthe Prince de Conde. which came to the Duke d'Aumale, is estimated at 100.000,000f. On Snnday last, 16th April, there was a demonstra- tion at Paris, got up by the most violent of the clubs and Communists ,for the purpose of upsetting the pro- visional Government, or, at all events, expelling M. Lamartine and other moderate members. who have hi- therto sbecceded in preventing republicanism from running riot, saved the nation from a reign of blood and terror such as that which disgraced and ruined the first revolution, and from a stat: things desired by too many of the Somtng patriots and soi-disant phil sophers of the day, under which every thing shall be- long to every body in general. and nothing to any body im particular. Most happily the National Guards stood firm, and presented so imposing an attitude in defence of the Provisional government and public order, that the display passed off without any overt attempt. pretty much in the same style as our own Chartist demonsra- tion on:Monday, the 10th inst., to which the movement bore very considerable resemblance. Yesterday, forty thousand troops of the line were to assemble in’ Paris, for the first time since the revolution, to fraternize with the National Guards and the people ; and if this be done cordially and with sin , the Provisional government may be. considered safe against all at- tempte of its enemies, and of the enemies of order and the public peace. The Monitor of the 20th, contains a proclamation by the Provisional Government, of which we subjoin the substance. “The republic lives by liberty and discussion. ‘The clubs are for the republic a necessity—for the citizens aright. The government is pleased to see citizens as- semble to discuss the pe questions of politics. The overnment protects the clubs. But that liberty may ve its fruits, beware of giving cause of alarm, remem- ber that alarm gives rise to contra-revolutionary reac- tion. If free discussion be a right discussion with arms in our hands is a danger, it may become an oppression, If the liberty of the clubs is one of the most inviola- ble conquests of the revolution, armed clubs may com- promise that liberty, excite worst passions, and bring about civil war.’? It then interdicts the clubs from being armed during their deliberations. The Moniteur also publishes a decree granting an amnesty to all deserters from the sea and land service, who may surrender within two months if within the Freneh territory, and six months if out of France. The Moniteur publishes an important decree, levy- ing a tax of one per cent on all incomes derived from moveable, immovable, or funded property. Lombardy. The report of the capture of Peschicra by the troops of Charles Albert turns out to have been unfounded. Charles Albert made a brisk attack upon the fortress, and was, it would appear from his own account, com- pelled to retreat by the Austrians. The following is the official report by,Charles Albert, of his unsuccessful attack on Peschiors * Headquarters, at Pozzolongo. # His Majesty, as general and chief of his army, wish- ing to drive the Austrians completely from the right bank of the Mincio, ordered to-day an attack on Pes- chiera. “The report that this garrison was composed partly of Italians, and that tho remainder was completely de- moralized, induced him to attempt an attack with the eld artillery only, sustained by the brigado of General es, “ After having got together eight obuviers, six pieces of battering cannon, and six pieces of field artillery. our brave artillery commenced with four batteries, co- vered with the trenches censtructet the evening before, to attack the advanced works of the enemy on the right bank of the Mincio. “The different companies of volunteers attacked these works in flank, as well as those placed on the left bank of the river. The angles dismantled, announced that our infantry could advamée-to the attack of the fortifications, and his Majesty appeared disposed to se- cond the order of our troops, but, foreseeing that, even in case of success, these works, commanded by the ene- my’s artillery on’ the permanent fortifications of the citadel of Peschiera, would have cost too much of our soldiers’ blood, which would have been shed without a definite result, his Majesty resolved to renounce this attack; aud after having. for form sake, summoned the place to surrender, he ordered to resumo his first posi- tion to consult on more important affairs. “His Majesty has heen extremely satisfied with the courage and skill of his artillery, the enthusiasm of his volunteers, and the order of his troops ‘His Majesty, always foremost in danger, remained several hours exposed to the fire of the enemy, with hig sons and a numerous staff.” The Opinione of Turin, of the 14th, gives further par- ticulars of the capture of the powder magazines of Pes- chiera, The Milanese did not succeed in carrying off the gunpowder, for a large body of troops being sent from the fortress, they had only time to throw a part into the water and to blow up the rest. They had to retire afterwards. and barricaded themselves in Castel- nuovo, which they defended for a long time. They then cut their way through the enomy. regained the steamer, passed the night at Assisa, and returned to Desenzano the next day. Official information from Venice, of the 14th. con- firms a report that a body of volunteers, attacked by a more numerous force of Austrians. had been obliged t retreat to Vicenza, where a large body of “crusaders” had arrived. The town is barricaded and well defend- ed, as a precaution against attack. Advices from Udine. of the 8th, announce that the Austrians who were on the Isonzo, and occupying the line of Goritz, had been ordered to march immediately upon Trieste, which was menaced by the troops stationed in Istria and Dalmatia, who had all declared in favor of the Italians. The Patria, of Florence, of the 13th says “The Aus- trians retired within the line of the Mincio have re- gained courage, and fight with fury, It is of no use to deceive ourselves, the war will be fong and bloody. It is war to the death—a war of Spaniards against the Moors—of Greeks against Turks. The Patria contains a letter from Fersara, dated the lith, which says the affair under Mantua was favora- ble to the Piedmontese, and that the Austrians lost 8,000 killed, wounded and prisoners, Letters from Rome of the 11th, say that M. Corbelli had left Rome for the head quarters of the combined army, with a view cf establishing more strongly the league between the Italian sovereigns. Naples. The greatest enthusiasm prevails in the cause of the liberation of Italy, and numbers of volunteers are daily enrolling themselves to proceed on the Holy Crusade. against the Austrians in Lombardy, General Pepe is to command them. Austria. It was reported in Vienna on Sunday evening that a courier had arrived from the seat of war in Italy, with intelligence of an important victory said to have been gained by Radetzky Great apprehensions were entertained in Vienna, in consequence of a meeting of operatives, which wa: have been held on Sunday last. The news of the ridi culous failure of the Chartist attempt in London arri ved in Vienna on Saturday, and so inspirated t burghers composing the national guard, that they turn- ed out in such force as to render any attempt hopeless on the part of the operatives to create an emeute. ‘The basis of the Austrian constitution has just been published. It is as follows :— “All the provinces are constituted into one body, with the oxception of Hungary, Crotia, Sclavonia, Siv- benbergen, and, for the present, the Italian prov The division of the empire shall romain as it exists at present. The person of the Emperor is sacred and in- violable, ‘The Emperor has full power over the land and ea forces, and the right of making war or peace Treatios of every description with foreign powers can only be made with the sanction of the two houses of Parliament, The attribute of mercy and the right of hestowing rewards belong to the Emperor. but mercy cannot be extended to the ministers without the sanc- tion of the Parliament. The laws are to be administered publicly in open courts qy verbal pleadings, and trial to qe jury. The judges will be appointed for life. All projects of Inwa ato to be proposed as well as sa ed by the Emperor. The Emperor will assembl Parliament annually, and he must call then together at stated intervals, He has the right to prorogue and dissolve them. Freedom of religiow, specch, the press petition, and public meeting, is granted to every citi- zen, subject to future laws, Entire liberty of con- seience and religion. The free exercise of religious worship is accorded to all Christiaus and Jews.— Allcitizens are equal in the eye of the law, and every citizen shall be tried by his peers. The respon: bility of the Ministers will be ulated by th Dict, The legislative power is hands of the Emderor and the Dict. Two He F ment are to be constituted. The quali Members of the Upper House aro birth landed property ; and they are to be nominated by the Emperor. Members of the lower house are to be che from all classes, in order that every interest n presented. The two Houses have the powe laws and receive petitions. All laws requti tion of both Houses, particularly those expenditure, taxation, finance. and the s property. A law will be framed for the organ the national guard, The law of election ix only provi- sorial, and will be settled by the first Parliamont Amendments of the constitution can only be proposed by the Diet.”” ‘The Austrian government has ordered the Jesuits to quite Lints, This step has given considerable sativfac- tion even to the Roman Catholic population Denmark and Holstein. The accounts received from the continent tend to complicate the unfortunate events which have occur- red in Holstein and Schleswig, with regard to the mis- understanding at present existing between those du- chies and their sovereign the King of Denmark, as well as to threaten the peace of Europe. The whole of the German confederation is compromised by the injudict- ous first act of the King of Prussia, and are called upon to take up arms against Denmark. On the side of Denmark no actual collision has taken place, except between the Danish troops and the i wurgent Schleswig-Holsteiners, Tho Danes land- ed under cover of their ships-of-war, and after « sharp struggle—for the blood of both nations ix the. oughly roused—sucoceded in routing their opponents, - > the sane- lating to the los of public ation of themselyes master of the duchy, Om the . Heres battle was fot weed ee of Danish gun-boats. But the Danes come on numbers, and drove all before them, ‘des- born resiatan Two Germou regiments annihilated, and the killed om each side take Schleawig at. two in lth. /The Danish troops in Sehleswig are now: — The, Pearsinns remain on the in frontier, in- et their numbers. The force now amounts to fantry, to which will be added some cavalry, #0 this contangent force, when concen, ie a Holstein, will amount to about 10,000 men of arms. Corteapondence from Rendsburg of the 14th Instant meni areport that # skirmish had taken place at Win ‘e. and that forty Danes had been made prison- ers. Danes had moved the greater part of the troops which they had concentrated at es, in alto. men, to Dannevirke, at a distance of half a Gerthan mile from Schleswig, on the Rendbu On the18th inst., the King of Denmark, escorted by two nunca dragoons and one of cuirassiors. arrived at Si ig from Flensburg, and passed his troops in ; but returned to Flensburg in the after- noon, ‘Zhe Danish troops are said to be commanded by Géa Von Hedeman. A flag of truce, sent to the Danii by the n colonel Bonin, in stated ito ught a reply that the Prussian troops might ‘not wi please in the territory of Holstein, but that ntered the Schleswig, the King of Denmark war. The Schleawig Holateiners are stated ered at Schestedt, and the Prussian at Sorg- pplace on the Schleswig side of the q road from Rendsburg to the town of Schles- ment of the Hamburg golunteers met ano- tof the same corps near Eckinforde, the ‘night of «the 12th ult., and in their confu- fired on each other, killed one man, and i five or six others, al battalions of Hanovarians, Brunswickers, and urgers have entéred Holstein, and some Prus- inforcements have also passed through Hamburg, ir way to Rendsburg. ‘loop of war appeared off Swincmunde, on inst., but has bitherto committed no hostili- ough the alarm caused by her arrival has in- the wuthoritiex to remove the buoys from the 1, and to close the harbor with a chain. Rugs: ologne Gazette , of the 18th of April, quotes a om the Breslau, Gazette, by a traveller, in which “that the accounts of the movement of the ‘are uncertain and contradictory. The Russian ment ix adopting every possible measure of de- Rend with md oy | forbearance. The military rein- nt demanded by Prince Paskiewitsoh has arriv- set off for the frontiers. 100,000 are to follow, if y should require it. Warsaw is perambulated #, but it presents more of the life of a carnival ‘@ scone of Everywhere strains of usic resound, because the Poles expect their ce by Germany, and hope to secure it, by re- maiming quiet to the end.” The Zeitung Halle gives the following account from Mi wson, the east frontier, of the 3d of April:— “Thedeputy of the Landrath has just sent word to the chief resident of Prussia, that 300 pieces of Russian canneR have just arrived at Raygrod, a small Polish beens the main road from St. Petersburg to Warsaw, close ¢ the Russian frontiers, and which will probably pas along that causeway to Warsaw, while the troops will adfance further into the country, as it is evident suchva train of artillery must precede a very considera- ble of men." The Bremen Zeitung, ina letter from Ber the 10th April, confirms this intelligence :— ‘@° We learn from the kingdom of Poland that the en- tire army assembled in Lithuania has advanced and ken? its quarters on the Prussian frontiers. Three hun pieces of Russian artillery ara said to bo at . A Cracow journal, of the 10th of April, says ‘total number of troops now in Poland amounts to men, which are to} be augmented to 200,000.— Other journals contradict reports, Spain. Accounts from Madrid, of the 12th instant, state that tranquility continued to prevail in the capital, but nu- morous arrests were being daily made, Mr. Bulwer was so shocked at the arbitrary conduct pursued by Gene- ral Narvaez, with respect to the Progressista party.that he thought it mecessury to send in a friendly remon- stranee, which has been ungraciously received, and England is honored with several columns of abuse in Modewydo papers. Every day adds to the violence of Narvaes. Persons of all ranks and stations are daily sent out of Madrid on absurd suspicion of conspiracy, and banished. without trial, and feoq even with. out any cause boing given. The mere rewutation of being a Progressista at heart ix punished with deporta- tion. Such scenes cannot last long. The Spaniards have shown great patience, but human endurance has its limits, Narvaez has established a reign of terr in Madrid of a# atrocious a character as that establish: ed by Roxplerre during the first revolution. Parties are arrested without regard to age, class, or clreum- stances, and lodged in the criminal goal, where they are forced to associate with thieves and murderers, and are driven off, tied together in rows, to places on the sea coast, from whence they are transported either to Africa or the Phillipine Islands. The Duke and Duchess of Montpensier had remo- ved from Vista Alegre to the Rueen’s Palace, by the ad- vice of the medical attendants of the Duchess. The grand review which had been avnounced is postponed sini die. ‘The Gaceta publishes a decree authorising the Bank of St, Fernando to purchase all the silver produce of the Spanish mines. It ix said that the Duke Montpensier had advised the adoption of a more liberal system of government, which advice had 4o iritated Narvaez and Christina that the Duke has been exiled to Seville for his pains. India and China. We have received intelligence from Caleutta to the 7th. and Bombay to the 15th of March, The papers are almost wholly devoid of political intelligence. In- dia is tranquil throughout. and the Punjaub is, if pos- sible, more peaceful than the Company's dominions.— Scinde has all at once become transformed fro most sickly to one of our healthiest States. Se thousand troops continue to garrison the fro the Indus. The Governor of Bombay returned Presidency from his tour of iuspaction on the 3d of March, and was about to leave on the 19th for the Ma- habubohwur hills. He will return about the end of April to receive his successor, Lord Falkland, and re- tire from India for good in the beginning of May. ‘The commercial intelligence begins to improve, and though money is scarce, confidence deficient. and trans- actions few, the worst is considered past. Our Bombay advices states that the Bank Stocks continued low, and prices had further declined. Governm uritien ad slightly advanced. Owing t an advance had taken place, and Bank pape wonths’ sight had been negotiated at 1s 1014 to Is to 1084; while for private bills with shipping documents Is 11d to Is 1114 may be considered the rate. On Calcut- ta, Band of Bengal Post Bills had beon negotiayed at par, ‘The quotations at 30 days’ sight Bank paper ix 09's On China for 60 days sight 206 rs per 100 dollars he market for cotton piece goods was steady, and fair prices were betdg pi In bleached goods, too, a fair Taquiry exists for shirting and jacconets of low quality, and an advan rates for the former. of from 2 to 4 annas per has been established. — ‘There was some advance in freights, and the last rates quoted were £5 to Liverpool, and £4 15s to London ; and China 19 ra per candy, at which rate engagements were being made, Letters srom Caleutta informs us that “the money market continues in much the same state as wo wrote last; the terms on which loans are transacted are a shade more favorable, but the security taken continues to be of the most trangible character, and of avalue leaving large margin for errors of a praisement exports there has been a fair deman for staples, to be sent home remittances instead of speculations—capectally saltpetre. Sugar and indigo are less inquired after now; rice in much the same state, and silk too highly priced to permit extensive operations, The import market is improving, cotton piece goods finding freer vent, and twist rising in de- mand. Freights are looking up. There are reports of some speculations in tonnage with an eye to s China war, and a belief that government would be obliged to ge transports.”’ More Mercantile Fatlures. Adams, H,, & Co,, merchants, . Mauriting, Braasch, F..& CO... eee ‘Hamburgh Dalvaux, W., banker. . 00.00.00... . 4. «Mons, Elliott, W., & Co., merchants (Lloyd agents) vee Hamburgh, : ‘Hamburgh .Hamburgh. ‘Hamburgh. ‘Hamburgh, wae cess os eoHAVEe, ler in manufac- vecee eee ees «Hamburgh, ‘Marseilles. «Magdeburg. .-Hamburgh, . . Frankfort. rth Amsterdam, Heuss & Co., merchants Iselin, Wm chants. Lausne Brothers & Co., tured goods. . Lavison, Novack, & Riley & Roussner, bankers Sampson Brothers & Co. y. F., banker neral mi . Jacob, merchant a leur, cowtractor. burg, Elias. . , Loxvox Money Manx, April 21—Business has be- come rather active in the’ London warehouses. Lon- is, indeed, extreme! |, Owing to the influx of woos from France; and the English and foreign shopkeepers are enjoying the benefit of thelr presence. ‘There is no change in the rate of discount by the Bank of England, but first class bills are discounted by p vate banks at 3! per cont. Money continues abu: dant, but foreign paper is totally unnegotiable at any rate of interest. In foreign exchange there may be noted a slight im- provement on Paris, so far as the rates at short, for three months paper wax still not negotiable, ‘The amount of notes of the Bank of England in ac- tual eiroulation in the week ending. Saturday, April 8, including seven days and other bills, was [10,248,501 an increase during the week of 160,634; the amount of gold and silver coin and bullion in the hands of the Dank, 114,602,413, a decrease of (608.435, bah Consols in London, on Thursday, closed at $2 to 25, e NEW YORK HERALD--EXTRA. lower for money; Bank Stock, 187 to 189; Reduced Three per Cente, 9% to 3; Three and « Quarter per Conts, 81%; 00°82)-India Stock, 227 to 220; India Bonds, 18s. to 21s, premium; and Exchequer bills 41s. to 44s. premium. Denmark. A letter received in this city by a mercantile house, dated Bremen, April 11, says; * It is confi- dently expected that the existing difficulties. be- tween Denmark and Schleswig will be amicably arranged, thro the mediation of Ex Hand. At the saine time the board of trade at Copen agen have given the assurance that private property at se of war, would be respected. Liverroor Coan Excnanes, April 20.—So short an interval having elapsed between our first and second markets this week, the present being held a day out of course on account of to-morrow being Good Friday, we have fow remarks to oifer, either on the extent of the arrivals or the state of business, in the intermedi- ate period; supported by the steady tone of other lead- eral rates of our bl tr Hamburg was occupied by Danish troops.” Charleston Mercury, May 8.00 ing markets ‘of the country, the ge Na A lan na moderate amount of transactions, appear "The i A b: ta have boom Srmly maintained. Jabusnesd Gye eey Ali ene eetip papers of the Gih contain the. Sallam ing paragraph:—* Durin, Cireassians made an un: cut off one third of the three generals and 150 off like a lion.” slender attendance of buyers, and entire absence of extensive operations in any article at our Corn Ex- change this morning, we haye to report a very dull, listlows trade in all its bearings; generally speaking, however, there was no disposition, in any instance, on the part of holders to submit to lower terms, but in an- ticipation of # revived: demand next week, a firm ad- herence throughout to the full rates of Tuesday, which may in all respects, be repeated to-day. ‘The transuc- tions in wheat and flour were merely restricted to re- tall parcels ; tho latter, notwithstanding, inclined slightly upwards, owing to the remaining stock of both Irish and American being light, and the latter of prime quality becoming literally searce- Indian corn and corn meal, being still the most attractive articles of the selan army, ine! ers. The Breslauer Zeitung contains also news from Warsaw up tothe Ist inst. The Emperor has numerous and important concessions to the es by to detach them from the national cause. Ad jeaued op Apel OU (heephesideny lecree was issued on Apri the preside: trade, a few further parcels were purchased again to. } 84 executive council oft rectors, day, the extreme rater of Tuonday last freely paid, and | Wheteby they prohibit in the cantons the formation in some instances rather higher prices required, of any urmed or organt a circular they also convoke the Diet for aril 13. Livenroot Corrox Manxrr, April 20.—Thiis week of five days has been passed without bringing atone any material change in our cotton market. Advices from America have arrived, shewing the receipts at New Or- leans to be largely onthe increase, and we shall there- fore probably have a Uberal import from that quarter for some time to come. These increased receipts, how- evdr, have not brought about any change in the eisti- mates of the aggregate crop, which is still reckoned to be about 2.200.000 bales. At home, and in the manu- facturing districts, we aro not worse, perhaps rather the contrary, the low price of provisions, and the ava- ng Italy. We learn that the basis on which the federative organization of Italy is proposed to be constituted by the sovereigns who now co-operate with the King of Sardinia, when the present war shall be brought toa conclusion, is asfollows : The peninsula will be divided into six great States—I, Naples ; 2, , Pontifical States ; 4, the kingdom of Etruria, comprehending the present Grand pantie Tuscany and some of the smaller duchies ; 5, the Lombardo-Venetian States; 6, Sar- dinia. The population of these States will be as follows :—Naples, 6,500,000 ; Sicily, 2,050,000 ; Pon- tifical States, 3,000,000; Etruria, 3,880,000 ; Lom- bardo-Venetian, 4,800,000 ; Sardinia, 4,700,000. A line of fortresses will defend these States upon the Alps, upon the Plain, and on the Appenine: A Diet will be held at Rome, under the preaiden- ey of the Pope, for the solution of great federal quee- tions, in which each of these States will be repre- sented by the same number of deputies. son of the year, having something to do with this more satisfied foeling in the country. As to the price of cotton, it ix for the most part as before. Fair, good fair, and good Orleans, and Mobiles also, are rather higher, being in demand for export. and are already be- coming comparatively a scarce article, while the mid- dling and low qualities are easier to purchase. tion and long staple descriptions generally aro heay and in some instances pressed on the market, and large public sale of Sea Islands, upwards of 3000 bags, advertised for this day, will probably also force that kind to alow figure. We have only to repeat, as be- fore, that the relicf to this market must come from a better state of things in the manufacturing districts, Without something of this kind, low as our prices now are, we must still drag on in the same dull and inactive manner. 500 American have beeu taken on specula- tion, 4550 American, 20 Surat, and 500 Pernam for ex- port. Sales for the wok 24,450 bales.—Geo. W. Holt § 0. An Anglo-Republican View of the European Revolutions. (From the London Telegraph, Aprilgi2.) The agitation that pervades Europe does not spring solely from a desire of political change. Let us not deceive ourselves. The cause lies deeper. In England as in France, in France as in Germany, in Germany as in every other country where political convulsion has aroused the masses, a sentiment burns in the popular mind, which seeks a change of government merely as a means toanend. It is folly in the bureaucrats, and in those who pretend to be the instructors and leaders of the people, to imagine that a simple desire of innovation has led to the great moral upheaving of which we are the daily witnesses, It is not from any hatred to monarchy, as monarchy, from any dislike of abstract aristocracy, from any love of change for the sake of change, or from any destruc- tiveness alleged to be natural to the people, that the political excitement of our day has taken its form, and communicated its pressure upon us. The revolution of 1848 is strictly ond eminently a social revolution. Let our public men be warned. It is no longer safe for them to deny, to qualify, or to palter with this mighty fact. ‘The people of Europe, and an increasing num- ber of the people of England, dislike monarchies and aristocracies, and support democracy, for the ee reason, paramount with those ot OF suffer, that under these ancient governments of the few, the many have become degraded and miserable. They have been morally stigmatized as unfit to rule themselves. ‘They have been physically de- pressed. ‘They have been weighed down, presued down, sunk down. ‘They dovnot eat Bread like their fathers. Although ihey. may have no desire to divide the rich man’s Inxuries, they have a very strong, a very natural, and an houtty increasing desire to share with the reat of God’s creatures the necessaries of existenee. The bureaucracy, after having fixed burdens upon their frome which nothing but revolution can release them, have driven them into a slough of despbnd—to sink or not—to live or to die—as chance may de- termine. Hence the idea which pervades the mass- es in all countries, that democracy may lift them from the mire, and give them, in addition to the great right of thinking and speaking, the still more essential right of living and eating. The hungry belly is the most furious and invincible of demo- crats. Let not our government and aristocracy, and our well-fed members of the upper strata ot the middle classes, forget in their pride of victory this weighty truth. The “political history of hun- ger” would form the key to all the revolutions of the world, past, present, and to come; and he who would write that great book as it ought to be written, would derive from the present uneasy and alarming state of Great Britain,some most pregnant illustra- tions of the danger of trifling withthe stomachs of the people, and of fostering a. system by which the wealth of a few individuals is greatly augmented, wile the numbers and the poverty ofthe poor are augmented ina still more rapid ratio. No doubt the problem to be solved is one of excessive diffi- culty ; but, difficult, or the reverse, we must not wonder if those who suffer should be somewhat clamorous for a solution, even although our politi- cal, social, and moral knowledge may not enable us to discover it, The tory Morning Chronicle, in its impression of Monday, state: i ligion which teaches it that th and the completion of his happiness looked for. in this worl¢ fact which may be quite true in the sense a comfortable man would have the neon believe it; but which is not at all incompatible with the truth, that if one man be happy in this world, in so far, as food, clothes, and shelter can contribute to his happiness, two men can be happy—and if two, then two thousand ; if two thousand, two millions, if two millions, then all mankind. Perfect happiness no man aspires to; but Christianity is not a religion of toryism and exclusiveness, but of peace, i ty, liberty, and fraternity. It is ademocratie faith. The Chronicle may affect to believe that the men who are anxious to make this earth somewhat more similar to heavan than the wars of monarchs and the exclusivencss of a ts have made it, have no hope of any future heaven ; but it has yet to learn the fact, that the great social revolution of our time is essentially a religious and a Christian revolution. It will not do forthe upholders of the present sys- tem to raise the cryof atheism against those who have more exal ahigae than they have of the des- tiny of man in this world — The ery is worn out; and those inst whom it is directed will treat it, ADDITIONAL INTELLIGENCE. Evening Edition of the Herald. Additional details of the news received by the Britannia will be given in the Evening Edition of the Herald, to be published at 2 0’clock this after- noon. State of the Austrian Empire. {From the London Chronicle, April 1 The accounts which we receive from Vienna throw scanty light upon the actual posture of affairs in the Austrian Empire. We are inclined to hope the best from the men who compose the present administration, and we can hardly doubt that they are fully alive to the extremely critical situation in which the Imperial throne, and the whole fabric upon which it rests, are still placed. The removal from office of the unpopular princes of the blood, who could hardly be expected to exchange at once the notions of government entertained by soldiers and gentlemen ef the old school, for views of an opposite CORIBERG.5 and the advances which Count Hartig has been commissioned to make to insurgent Lombardy, improbable as it seems that those advances will lead to any satisfactory result, tend to confirm these anticipations. The Bohe- mians have been gratified by the appointment of a young Cale mea with two popular noblemen Yor his counsellors; the law relating to the press has received a further relaxation ; trial by jury is to be introduced, and the courts of law are to be thrown open to the public. All this is well, as far as it goes. To allay irritation, to give way where concession is imperatively needed, to avoid every risk of a concussion, to ascertain the strength and weakness of their own position, and to bring the huge vessel, by slow degrees, to obey her helm, and breast the waves amongst which she is rol- ling—such as we may suppose to be the immediate plan and purpose of the Austrian cabinet. Right enough, no doubt. But we look for still higher aims, and a more comprehensive policy, from the men under whose superintendence Austria has entered upon the stage of transition, through which she must pass from the old system to the new—a passage beset with dangers and involved in uncer- tainties, A rumor was abrond, a day or two ago, that the Hungarians had proclaimed the union dissolved, and elected the Archduke Stephen as their King. In these stirring days we have learnt to give rumor no more credit than she deserves, and we left the story to time and the electric telegraph to stamp it as authentic, or to withdraw it from circulation. We felt that the absolute trath or falsehood of the tale was, after all, of less importance than it seemed tobe. Were it true, a clear-headed, determmed statesman might yet undo what had been done, and conyert matter of fact into matter of history: were it false, a lingering adherence to the tradi tions of the Metternich school might turn it, with- in no long time, into a trath, For Austria is now in the very crisis of a struggle to which, except in one or two instances, we in western Europe are almost strangers—the war waged on the one side by the tendency to combine and centralize for ad- munistrative purposes, on the other by the ineradi- cable instincts of blood and race. “With us the strife has generally been between unequal forces, and the weakest has gone to the wall. But the battle ground on which the contest has been aga: and again renewed, in the sight of Europe and un- der the auspices of Kings and diplomats, lies with- in the Austrian territories. Races, unlike each other in the primary features which distinguish nation from nation, form the chequered mosaic on which Austria has ri her throne, Aliens by origin, they have acquired no_ affinity by associ tion. It has been remarked, that the great nobles, who possess estates in two or more of these coun- tries, haye invariably confined their interests and sympathies to one, remaining according to circumstances, Gallicians, Bohemians, or Hun- oe garians, but rarely, if ever, exercising their | aot with anger and scorn, but with sorrow and pity. political privileges beyond the, limits of the Those who, with the Morning Chronicle, consi- province to which they especially attached | der that “their conceptions are fulfilled—their in- themselves. ‘The Imperial Government, on | stincts satistied, if earth is made a place where good men may Win heaven ’—must open their minds some day or other to the truth that “ good men” cannot be found in hungry, men who offer their illing hands to work, and ‘find none to employ or feed them. It is the problem of our day to trans form these men, who are unfortunately the mass ot the laboring classes, into the good and well-fed men, who Il have the serenity of mind necessa- ryto enable them to cultivate their moral nature and to fit themselves for heaven, This serenity never can exist inthe minds of those who are suffering from hunger, and who see their wives and children pining for food in a world its part, neglecting the means adopted, with more or less success, by Prussia in the Grand Duchy of Posen, and by Denmark in Sleswic, has taken no pains to promote the amalgamation of the races, but has contented herself with drawing around them the iron network of a rigorous unbending ad- ministrative system, which pressed heavily on each without. uniting all into a whole. Perhaps, had she tried it, the task would have been too much for her. Such, at any rate, is the fact. During the thirty odd years of peace which have elapse since the treaty of Vienna, and under the stress of the arbitrary territorial arrangements which have subsisted during that period, the integral unity of } of plenty. By the system, of rendering men mise- the pire has been weakened rather than in- J rable, we not only deprive them of the compara- vigorated, and was never, perhaps, in a more pre- | tive heaven that this world might be made, if men carious state than immediately before the breaking q ch other; but we brutalize the heart of out of the late revolution. We are, therefore, willing to hope that the shock which Austria has experienced from the de- thronement of the great statesman who was her virtual sovereign, from the uprooting of her tradi- tionary policy, and from the overthrow of that ad- ministrative system, which, such as it was, held her empire together, will not prove too violent to preclude the possibility of a speedy recovery. We may yet see her reaping the benefit of salutary and necessary reforms, growing in strength and wealth, developing her latent resources, and playing a more prominent and useful,partin the affaite of Europe than she has ever done before. On the other hand, we may see the representative of the line of Haps- burg lay aside the imperial diadem for the arch- duke’s hat and plame, and descend from the throne his ancestors filled in the great council-hall of kings, to take his place on a lower tier, among the crowd of minor potentates—the crowned aris- tocracy of Europe. We may see Hungary unre- presented till now, save by a monarch who took rank by a foreign title and mixed in European poli- ties, not as her constitutional king, but as the head of a mighty house and sovereign of an alien State, rise to claim for herself a separate seat and an in- dependent yoice in the assembly. But we do not think it for her interest to do so; and we venture to recommend her to sit still and content herself with securing the substance of constitutional govern- ment, which it is now in her power to do, adation and vice, and millions, sink them into d heaven, which is unfit them for that su; n not held out to us as the compensation for misery, but as the reward of welldoing. Were heaven the compensation for misery and starvation, what would become of crowned, and mitred, and coro- netted heads! What would become of even thia complacent and comfortable writer in the Chroni- cle? But the doctrine so zealously inculeated teach contentment to the poor and the humble, order that the rich may have more than a fair share of the blessings of this world, will not in fa- ture receive such implicit cred om the masses of mankind, as has hitherto been grven to it. The new revolution will, uproot it. Emphatically we assert and re-assert it. The revolution of 1848 is both a social and a religious movement. Christian- ity will give it strength; and, though ill-advised men, like our physical foree chartists, may bring diseredit upon the cause, the universality of the impulse throughout Europe should warn our states- men no longer to impede its final and peaceful triumph by their blundering coercion, or their equally blundering attempts at legislation on the old system. It must and will sueceed; for its foundations are laid in the universal heart of hu- Man’s intelligence and man’s faith—h knowledge of earth and his hope of heaven—alike impel the thinking and peaceful democracy of mo der Europe to make trial of a new system, which cannot, by any possibility, be worse than the old, { ager all a night h Sehamy! fought. | inhabitants of the kingdom of Poland, hoping theres, :