The New York Herald Newspaper, April 26, 1848, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD... Whole Ko, 680, NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 26, 1848. THE COLUMBIA COUNTY CONVENTION. The Latest Speech of John Van Buren. A New Expose of the Policy of the Van Buren Democracy. City or Hupson, April 23, 1843 A county convention of the demoorats of Colambia county was held in this city, o1 Friday, the 2st inst. "The objact for which it was called was officially declared to be the more effectual organizstion of the democratic party in this county; and it was also announced that measures would, if possible, be devised to compromise the diffoulties between the two sections of this great party. It was certainly a mectiog of the utmost impor- tance, and the proosedings seem to have been conducted with rome privacy. Some of the leading men of both sections were present, and among them I observed the Hon, John Van Buren—always the chief of the Van Buren democracy and the genius of American poll- ties. This handsome young gentleman is also a sort of leader of Ameri fashions; he is, in fact, one of the most polished and Jissé young men of the age; he is idolized by all the beautiful women and en- vied by all the young men of taste and tal Mr. Van Buren appears to be a D’Orsay in the world of fun and fashion, and a Cromwell in the political world; he is also great im belie lettres and in philosophy and poetry. Fortunately he is a widower with only one obild ; a lit- tle girl, beautiful, and gentle, aud preeocious. When I heerd that it was the design of Mr. Van Buren to at- tend this convention, as the representative of the pro- viso section of the demooracy of New York, | conceived it to be highly judicious and propar that I also should ba present as a kind of representative (and as it proved the only one) of the American press, I, therefore, set cff from the capital and arrived at Hudson in time to witness the most curious and most important move- ments in this eonvention. It was a body composed of fine looking agriculturists and retired merchants, and professional politicians, whom we are generally able to detect by the cut of their waistcoats, tion of the convention, which plished with due regard to parliamentary forme, and 1 come immediately to the speech of John Van Buren, which was delivered at the or the proceedings, and after the adoption of a series of re. solutions. the call ef the convention, rose med @ position in front of the as, an it alwsys is, extremel: nothing forced in bi nd when he bas stood 1@ of lovel: 4 husbands at their n bis blue eyes twinkle with the most provoking effcontery and compiacency. Beforesuch an audience, as before all audiences, he is and | perfeatly cenfident. What then wor at erioo? Nothing but a Ney. Having shaken himself very gently, adjusted bis neckcloth and ascor- tained t pooket handkerchief was in his pocket, he thea delivered himself of # thunder storm of politios, wit and eloquence. The Speech, Mr. Van Buren said— Mr. President—Allow me to return thanks to you and to the Conventiop over which you preside for the honor which they have done me im inviting to address them. It may not be umknown to you tbat I have re- peatedly refused similar invitations,coming from dif- ferent portions of the State, and that it is with extreme reluctance that in this season of political excitement and division ouget those who heretofore been my personal a political friends, I ever find myself com- pelled to take the prominent position which » discussion of their differences necessarily requires one to occupy. But I could not allow these or any other consid-rations to compel me to refuse an invitation coming from my friends and conmexions, asking me to be present at their meeting of consultation and conference, at the place of my birth, and amid the scenes of my chii¢hood “It seemed to me, almost as stranger in the c'ty of my new residence, as an invitation to retura hom i with my earliest and warmest frieude in the stra; Was ever raging in Debalf of the principter of civil and religious treedom ageiast a ig id power Such an appeal { was uc- iat. On wm: Adie to re! y atcival here, 1 was informed that en angry discuraton would probably arieein this conven- tion and its deliberations be marxed by division and as- perity. 1 was apprised that something likes general d bire existed to postpone this convention; and I w: quested el to such postponement, or tofd. subjects in regard to which id thus avoid all occasion of ex- ‘o the former alternative | Rese itlemen who called upon me, that, 66 far from desiring to address this coavention, | cesired to avoid doing so st | did mot propose to take any partin the celiberations of the body ; that [ should in no eventiaddress them until after ‘the pensage of such resol as they chose to adopt; and that 1 would cBeerfally aod gladly acquiesce in the im- mediate adjournment of the convention sine die. [Gon] Bat I hkewise stated, that in case it wzs not the pleasure of the convention to adjourn, and it was their desire that | should spesk, it would become my duty to advert to those subjects which ure now chiefly wgitating the public mind, aod the omission ofan ailu- tion to which seemed to me like the psrformanos of the piey of Humlet, with tho part of Hamlet omitted, by par- Uouler request. In accordance with thes» views, | have sltogether forborne taking any part in the discussions which have arisen here, and b«ve waited uatil the admi- rate resolutions reported by your commictee have been adopted, before addressing you It gratifies me exceed- ingly to find, after the fall expositions made by Mr. Mo- Cleilen, im opposition to the resolutions—Dr John P* Beekman, in favor of them--that this numerous and highly respectable assemblage of democrats has adopted these resolu iona with bat one dissentiag yoioe, (mr. Movlellan.) 1 shall, therefore, in making to you, in my own plain way,¢ome remarks confirming the pro- priety of your action, derive great satisfaction from the Teflection that so far as the vote just taken indicates, there isbutone demecrat in the county of Columbia wao is prepared bere to deny the truth of the positions upon waicu the democracy of Columbia county, assem- Died in macs convention, have so firmly planted them- selves. Those poritionsare, firet, that the recent con- vention at Utiea, is the true and regular democratic Sate convention; second, that the Albany convention, and che electoral ticket which it put in nomination. are irregular snd spurious; third, that the democracy of Columvia are vuqualifiedly opposed to the extension of slavery to territories where it dows not now exist. All these questions have been forced upon the democracy of this State for decision; they neither can be evs postponed In regard to the first proposition, I more briefly or more intelligibly stat grounds of regularity upon which the U reets, thau is done inthe address adopted by that body from which | beg leave to read om extract :— © This convention was called by democratic members of the Senace purposs of determining how d to represent the demooracy o! to nominate candidal by th. democracy of the Uni cent and Vice President; and power convention, in case it determined th: scouid be chosen by a State convention, to choos elegates, The suthority under which then,one which you will readily recognise as your leg: mate and time honored ag “No regular demooi arsembled in this St large were wade by legislative caucuser; in these, the counties in which the demoerate wore in # minority w-re unreprerented, and improper influences wore oft prougot to bear to control selyotions made by those led legislative sob with party nomins a from their constituents bad ex- teg their with 0 time ton iembers of the leg ir fetends wa their representatives, by reason of their inte. grity nnd ability, aud who ected under the responeibili'y of an official position thus acqnized, it was deemed wise, urrence of that State no- min to, should be mado by State conventions, composed of delega overy gounty in the State; bat that such com should be cased by the democratic members ot the legis- lature iu parsuauce of this determination, nominations were first mede in 1*26, bya convention convened in this manner, with the universal assent of the party; and tbe usage then established has been adhered to u varyingly to the present day. You will readily rama ber that every State officer, and every presidential elec- tor whom you bave ever supported since 1826, exowpt the electors choren by districts im 1623, was put In nomina- tion in this mode The electors of President and Vioe- President in this State, prior to the election of 1824, were choren by the legirlatare. They weresubsequently choven by the people, in oongi@ssionai districts, A single election, however, (twat of 1525) served to show how en- tirely the power of New York in a Presidential contest mizht be prostrated by this mode of choosing Presiden- tial electors, Under it, Andrew Jackson obtained : wenty electoral votes, and John Quincy Adame sixteen—the effective power of the State thus amouattog to four votes, aud only equalling that of Rhode Island. “in 1829, the nJoned, andthe ryrtero of choomt o tick: or, adopted almost unanimously by the legimature. It is honorable to the citiaans oF this State, of boch political parties, that they united fo this meanure, and suffered no hope of petty or tempor adventage to stand in the y of their noble determivation to preserve Un nn the commanding influence of New York — ailst the electors were cho en by districts, thoy were nominated by district conventions; but ever since they have been chosen by the State at large, they have uni- formly been nominated by @ State convention, and by the same State convention which nomi je demo- cratic candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Gover- nor, to be supported at the same election. The gates to the national nominating convention, however have elways beon selected by « State convention, called by the democratic members ef the Legislature for the single and express purpose (with two exceptions, to which we sball allude) of choosing such delegates. Pelor to 1832, to» demucratio candidates for the office of President and Vice President were selected by @ con- gressional caucus The first national convention for earns assembled in 1832 |; nominated Andrew Jaokeon for President and Martin Van ren for Vice President It consisted of delegates chosen by the de- mocracy ofeach State. 10 conformity to its own usager, who gave in the convention o vote equal iu number to the electoral vote of each State, Some States—Virgi- nis, for jnstance—sent one bundred or more delegates to give twenty-four votes; the like was true of others — These delegates were seleoted by a State convention as- sembled at Albany, and called by the demosratic mem- bers of the Senate and Assembly The mode cf select- ing these delegates, then established, hus been pursued uninterroptedly till now. Martin Van Buren was thus nominated for President in 1836, and agai in 1840, and James K. Polk in 1844. So firmly was this modeot call- ing State conventions established as early as 1932. that the Albeny Argus, @ newspaper of position and influ- ence at that time in the republican party, in alludiog to the adjourned caucus of the republicam members of the legislature, held on the 19th April, 1882, by which a State conventionat Herkimer had been celled, and the democratic address and resolutions adopted, said. The custo mendation of aj8tate convention for Goveraor and ms which it the electors, ptsto fore ements to interrupt the sage ill assuredly defeat |poa thera “co heretofore xpress purpose, with two ptions, of choosing delegates to the national conve: ceptions to which wo allude. and that of the year 1843. dency, in the year 1844, excited intense interest. It was Known that the 5: lew York presented a citizen of her ownas a did: and the controlling influence of ional convention was dreaded by . A vigorous effort was the democracy of New York to depart bef usage, and to select their delegates ational convention by allowing each congress district to send one representative To take the ef the democratic party in regard to this question, republican members of the legislature, in April, 1643, called a State conventiom, to assemble in September, 1843, with power to choose delegates to # national con- vention, or te determine the manner in whioh they should be chosen. {t was wise and magnanimous thus to refer this queation tothe democracy of the State, and ts low abundent time between the call of t! tion and its embling to discuss it. ‘The co assembled, and deol by @ vote of 103 to 19 in favor of the State system. “In Ootober, 1846, a State convention assembled under the call of the democratic members of t! 4 and nominated Silas Wright for Governor, A: Gardiner for Lieut. Governor, and other officers; the; leo sppointed a State esntral committee to two years, and until anotuer should be chosen. In the epricg of 1847, @ State convention was called and held in Ne manner, for the nomination of judicial officers; and another in October, 1847, to nominate candidates for the yarlous State offices to be filled at the ensuing No- vember election. Tnese were a Lieutenant Governor, Comptroller, Secretary of State, Attorney General, Trea- surer, State Engineer and Surveyor, three State Prison Inspectors, and three Canal Commissione: A warn and active canvass took place for seats in this last con- vention. But so faras we have nn able to learn, no complaint was then or ever ma the conduct of the State central committee, suing two years, nor was a suggestion made that the convention should, in any way, interfere with the ques. tion of the presidemoy of the United States. T'h expectation, so far as we know it, awaited at ti of the convention an avowal of democratic pricciples, and » nom! 0 should be the ho nest oho! party for the varivus State offloes we have named. How tar their wishes in these renpects were met, we do not now stop to inquire; but of their action upon subjects not confided to them, it becomes our imperative duty to speak. Without autho icy, aad wi:hout complaint, they. emoved the State cen- tral committee, waose term was unexpired, and pointed another in its stead. To the entire surpri those whom they claimed to represent, they cloined usurping State committee with authority to cali State o authority which, as we Rave alr- acy invested in the demccratic members ture for more than twenty years, and tince the existence of the State conveations, and Py in ® Committee; and they assumed to recow- mend the different congressional districts to send dele- gates to @ nutionsl convention, and to doprive the members of the legisiavure of the power to call » State convention for this purpose, wihout, eo fe we know, the slightest fatimation trom th ts that w change in tuis respect was di or expect ‘and in defiance of the woll-cousidered and mature, almest unanimous decision of a recent Stale con jon en this very point, called and assembled for the express purpese of cetermiviag it. Conduct so Unwarrantadle produced its natural fruits. dhe re publicans of the Siate were sroused by usurpations so glering, and violatioos of their wishes sv unqualified. A Macs convention v1 democrats assem died at rerkimer on the 26cm Ootocer, 1847, and after devlering the views of those who composed it 1m regard to great questions 01 Pcinciple, it repudisted the ac.ion of the Syracuse ocon- Venton, declared its proceedings uot binding on the ruery, 1843, to gates LO represent the democracy nition Wo do not etop to discusetue propriety of the action of the Herkimer convention; but it is just to tuose who par- Uctpaced in it, to state tuat action correctly. ‘it was @ muse asesmd.age of democrats, not adelegated convention [t avowed principles dear to the democratic party—it nominated no ticket for the support of electors it imposed no disqualiiying tests, and the only step which 1t took, touching pariy orgauization was the call for # State coaventioa to which we hve sdverted. The election followed, and the democratic party were over- whelmed in a defeat tar more disastrous tbantbey had ever before met. Such was the state ot things when the Legislature assembied in November, 1847. On the Isth ‘Of that month a cacus of the democratic members was comvened under the cull of the Joint caucus committee Thirteen Senators aud thirty-nine mem ders of Assombly, comprising nearly the ensire body of democratic mem- bers of both houses answered to theirnames. The dif- ficulties in the democratic party were freely and kindly Canvassedat this caucus. On the oue hand, it was claim- ed that the Herkimer call for the State Convention wus Proper and sufficient. Oathe oiber, that the change in ihe mode of choosing uelegates proposed at Syracuse would be adopted by the Congrossionsl districts, and that no action ought to be tamem by the caueus Tne discreet and prudent demoorats, however, who were members of the Legislature, chose to take acourve, which it was supposed would co.ciliate all interests anc house thirty-#1x Of the Siate in the national nomiuatiog oo: disaria all opposition. ‘hey followed toe precedent ot 1843, and by an aimost unanimous vote cailed the pre- sent convention. Instead of calling a convention absolutely to choose delegates, a8 wan duno at Herkimer, or determining absolutely that they should be chosen by Congrersionai districts, as was done at Syracuse, they called this convention to choose deli gxtes to the national convention, oF to determine how they ehouid be chosen. They ly judged thac if the Syracuee Convention had faitnfully reflected the popular will, a usjority of del tore to this ention would determine in favor of the istrict system; if, on the other hand, a! mejority of the democrats in the State desired to adhere to the sormer pew @ mejority of this vention would +0 deci in eituer events, ry section and intere: ice, thi » fairly and constitutionally expressed, having oncean opportunity to besheard, would quiet im the proposed arbitrament. A motion ace named in the He ly w ed at au early dey, #0 that abundant time might re- ain before the assembling of ths national convention ele gates to it by districts, if the convention ha favor of that mode, An adjourned oeucus. equally fuli, sssembled under the oall of the Committee, as published in the .4rgus the 13.h of December folio «ing; an effort was made at tois caucus to resviad the call previously made for this convention, whieh failed en aimost una@nimous vote, acd the reguier 6 and resoiutious reported by the committee sppointed for purpose at the pre- after # warm discussion, by a teen. The address and sigued by a myjority of the ~y members of the Senate and Asvembly, ana ed. publ © The present legislature assembled st Alteny oa the first Monday of January last, and 3 no action has been taken by the demooratic members in regard (o this sub ji fair to infer that they spproved of the conduct of their predecessors, The oail of thia convention was acquisroed in by hore who advocated the Herkimer convention of the 22d, and that convention has been formally und publicly abandoned. We have, therefore, every reason to beiteve, and do believe, know, and do- olere, that this convention, called in pursuance of tablished usage, with a view to conciliation end consul- tation, truly represents no section, clique, or personal interest, but the mass of prudent, impartial, intelligent and dimnierested democrais of New York. We have born thus partioular in recalling to your attention the sages Of the democratic party, and thas minute in ex- plaining the authority nler vhloh we aot, because wo cen conceive of no audscity more shameless, or couater- fotting more base, than that of those who would, without warraut, and seif-constituted, aesume to speak to or for you, as your repiesentativer ” Siace the adjournment of that convention a mojority of the democrauic members of oxoh branch of (he pre- sent Legiaiature, essen bied im joint legislative «auc bave endorsed the proceedings of tae Ucica convention, and have called @ Stats convention to be held wt Uviea ou the 13th of September next, to nomiuate an Elvcto- rel ticket,@ Governor and Lieutenant Governo such other State offloers asareto be slectad next ‘The proceedings of the Utica convention, therefore, in conformity to the estavlished usages of the democra: tic party; they determined, as they were authorised to do, by # vote of # hundred and thirteen to five, in favor of choosing delegates to the national convention by a State convention, and not by Congressional districts; chose, a6 they were authorized to do, to the national convention, invariable usage of the party, thoy deferred the nomination of Praaiden- fisl electors to the fa!l convention. For more than & month ef.er the Utica convention was called the spurious central committee apponted by tho remvant of the Syra: convention omitted t> act; as soon as it be- came mal that the Ooratic electors—to whom both parties in th» Logial had agreed to submit the decision of th question how delegates to the national convention should be cuosen—would det>rmine bys vast m»jority in favor of the State system, the Syracuse committee called » convention at Aibany ‘ostensibly to « their organzation; that convention assombled induced, to the surprise of their friends, aud even to the amazeneut of themselves, to override and absorb the entire local town and district organizations of the party, and to put in nomination a ticket for presi- dential tors. | was present at the deliberations of hatfamous body, Attracted, asi always am, to any mbiage in the name of democracy, however fulse to its privoiples. I took the liberty of Ceing Present as ao spectator at the Albany convention, and conversed free: ly with its members. | do not know that I can state more forcibly the surprise they evinced when directed by the managers to nominate aa electoral ticket, then was done by one of those managers in h s remarks to me Mr. Augustine G Danby, postmaster of the city of Utica, seewing to have charge in part of the body, | en. qaired of him, on the second day of its deliberations, whether the rumor was true that they intended to no- minate an clectoral ticket. He answered, You; isn’t that right?” “ Certainly,” replied I; "do everything you oan think of now; you'll never get together again.” “Well,” said he, “our friends thought I was orazy yesterday, when I first proposed it.— { mention this fact because no confidence wes either expressed or implied in the remark, and 1 do myself the justice to believe no conservative would ever make aconfidact of me. (Laughter.) The bighly res- pectable gentleman, thorefore, who stands es the preni- deatial elector for this district, neminated by the Albany convention, has the consolation of knowing that his pro- poser was thought crazy by his friends when he first suggested his nomination. (Laughter.) The electoral ticket thus atiompted to be put upon the democracy is irregular and bolting, and no honest demoorat will sus- tain it by his vote, ‘The delegates selected by the Utica convention are the only rightful revresentatives of the democracy of this State; t. (Bigs ba received at Balti- more. (Sensation ) Theic bret throughout the Union will neither desire nor dare to reject them; let them be thrown out,ormeutralized by the admission of thirty-six irresular delegates; and let the test im; by Alabama and Georgia, South Carolina and Fiori the nomination of the Presidential candidate, I do not undertake to say what I shall do,lido venture to predict that the political, like the meteorological almensc for November next, should read “ about these deys, expect strong gales from the north and weet.” (Tremendous laughter and applause.) Let us now consider the grounds upon which some of our Southern friends have threatened not only to ex- clude our representatives from tie convention, but our eltizens from allshare in the administration of the go- Yernment. It is charged that we are the friends of the Wilmot provieo ; that proviso was attached to a bill ap- propriating $3 060,000 tor the purchase of territory from Mexice, and it declared that the act by which such ter- ritory was acquired, wha'ever it might be, should and must contain a fundamental provision by which slaves, except as a punishment for orime, should be forever ex- cluded from the territory acquired. The proviso in this shape received the vote of every sepresentative from this State in Congress save one. Our Senators were iuastruct- ed ard our re; resentatives requested by the Legislature of 1847, I think unanimously, to support this proviso Pennsylvania, Michigan, Ohio, and nearly all the free Stater, made similar instructions and requests. The question does not now arise in this shape; territory is acquired; New Mexico and California be surrendered; the President req ganize territorial government over thom. ours, and ite inhabitants petition Congress f seme protection. Our Senate, with one exception, and our House of Assembly with four, have instructed our Senators and requested our representatives to procure the Caeetonny in these territor! it iz Virginia, Alabama, Georgia, Soutn Carolin in eting delegates to the national convention, insist either Congress nor the people of the territories have power to prevent the holding of slaves in thess free tories ; taat, independant of any @ sonchern We holder has @ right to settle in a tree ry with ad hold themas such The democrats of New maintaining the ground I have stated, concede that citizens of tbe south may differ with them in opi- mion, aud assert, that kuowing this, acd desiring to preserve the unity ot democratio purty as now orga- nized, they have never m thisfdth a controlling test m en election; 0 mocrats in th avow that they wi inder No political necessity what ever, support any men for thy office of President or Viee-President who dors not contorm to their creed upon this subjrct Northera men must thefefore yield to these imperious de: ds, or the southera democrats ai- juded to, must abandon their position. With imnenof ho- aocrthere is but one courseto pursue—the party ia the wrong must yield; andin this case the southern position must be surrendered, or the South must assume the npousibility of dismembering the democratic pacty. have been charged with being an abolitionist ; tae party with which 1 act has uniformly resiste any inter whereit exists ; they hi posed the transmission of iuflammatory pi is mail ; they have opposed the reception of abolition titions ; they hay dvocated the admission of nu: rous slave-bolding tes into the Union ; they h elevated six sla 0 the Presidency ; they have never countenanced any sectional party | am no abo litionist ; but to the extent of my humble powers | have ported the policy of the democratic party | voted Jate eleciion against the proposed amendment to titusion, extending the sig t of suffrage to free jupposed the antipathy Detween the two races joint political actiou as impracticable uisagreeabie as tas always been a personal association betw. But to feet that the insti ji I human belage is ing not only to @ freeman and a democrat, but to a phi- Janthropist and a Christiau. No cultivated ma: Uasited States, north or south of the Potomac, cal tertain a different opinion Let me read to yor ‘tracts illustrative of this position, from the adare: e democratic members of th Mr. Van Boren proceeded to read as fuliows ‘The Father of his Country, who was president of the convention, (to frame the constitution) in a ietter 10 Robert Morris saye: “I can only say there is not a man living who wishes moro siuceroly then I do to see a_ plan adopted the abolition of (slavery); but there is only one proper and effsetual mode by which it can be accomplished, and that is by the h tive authority, and this, so far as my euffrage not be wanting ” though not » member of the conven- } tom, exerted at the time am influence over public opt- mm scarcely second to that of Washington, and like when denousciug the King of Grest Britain fur the en- couragement he had given the slave trade, he, among other equally severe invectives, charges him with bav- ing “ waged # cruel wer Sgainat human nature itself violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of @ disiant peopie who never offended him ” “This piratical warfare,” he said, “the opproo ium of infidel powers, is tho warfare of the Christian King of Great Britain determined to keep up a market where men should be bought and sold—he has prostituted bis negative for suppressing any legislative attempt to re- strain this exeorable traffic ” Patrick Henry said: “1 believe a time will come when an opportunity will be offered to abolish this lamenta- bleevil. Every thing wecan do is to improve it if it b. ppens in our day ; if not, let ustrensmit to our des- eendants, together with our slaves, a pity for their un- happy lot, and our abhorrence of slavery.” Mr. Madison, speaking in one of the numbers of the Fedcralist, of the restriction upon the power of Con- gress, says: “Ic were doubtless to be wished that the power to probibit the importation of slaves Lad not been postponed until 1808, or rather that J been suffered to have immediate operation. not difficult to scocuat either for the restriction on the general govern- ment, or for the manner in which the whole claute was expressed. It ought, however, to ba considere point gained in favor of humanity, that a p twenty years may terminate forever within these ‘Staves, @ traffic which has so loi the barbarism ef modern it will receive a comsiderabi: federal government.” Mr. Monree said: ‘‘ We have found that this evil has preyed upon the very vitals of the Union, and has been ptejadicial to all the States in whi Goeorgs Mason, speaking of the ela said in the Virginia con ention: “Under the royal’ govern- ment, this evil wi n as & great Oppression, and man: to prevent it; but the in- tereats of the African merohunts prevented its prohibi- tion. | Nosooner did the revolution take placo, than it was thought of. It was one of the great causes of our Ite exolusion has bee ‘and most of the States oh asl value the Union mit the Southern States agreed to the discontinu- becaure it would bring ‘aion.”’ 8 ofthe Union * * * As ; they ho earned for her the proud title of mother o! a d states: In the convention to amet Constitution, most of the mombers from Georg: South Carolina opposed the abolition of the slay: a The compromise by which that abolition was pow ot till 1808 grew out of the divisions between Virginia on the ono side and Georgia yath Caroliaa on the 1776 iadepou ‘acion, a& OFigi- nally drawn, the promotion of the slave trade wus charged ag King of Great Britain, as one of « mediately thought of.” duced the great ordinance of freedom, a, the territory tien owned by the United states States to be formed out of it. In 1787 this ordinance became a and in the same year provision was mede in the constitution for the suppression ofgihe foreign slave-trade. How admirably thie tallies with the couduct of regenerated France. and hew per- feotly {t ilustrates the truth that the emancipation of human slaves is the very element and definition of human freedom! But we Jo not propose to in with thin great and wusting evil in the States exists We bnow that slave labor is the most wasteful and worthiess that can be imagined ducemant to complete his task, for meno@ @nother—no motive to save perty, either of his own or his master; no motive to acquire a character: the summit of his ambition is to secure daily food and clothing, medicine and attendance when he js ili,and @ decent burial when he dies Those he is seoure in from the interest of bis marter; aud more than these, if he were a Franklin or « Washington, would make him no- thing but s slave. “Whe: ‘tution existe let it reat; bat whon it is proposed to extend it beyond its pre- sent limits, the freemsn of New York will resist suoh ex- tension, They will insert « prohibition against slavery in the sots of territorisl government. This has been done repeatedly in regard to territory where slavery was permitted by law; and who is the author ef policy ? It treers its birth to the f ff the republican [mtg author of the declaration of independence ‘homes Jefferson introduced into the Congress of the confedération, in the year 1784, the following provision im regard to the north-wesiern territory ceded by Vir- gint “ Resolved, Taat after the year 1900 of the Christian Era, there shall be neither slavery nor involuntary ser- vita any of the said States, (the States to be forme: out of the north-western territory,) otherwise than i inishment of crime whereof the party shall have been ? been personally guilty,’ ce of 1787 followed Mr. wn ; that ordinance was ratified by Congress imm after thi adoption of the constitution; from the territory thus k free have been formed the States of Ohio, Mi gan, Indiana, lilinois, and Wisconsin. They contain a populetion eR 4 _ 5,000,000, sea in wealth, , resourcps, and ont Ise, reatly exceed the thirteom origioal Confederat States, The Got mind, therefore, which prodaced the deolaration of in- dependence, if now inhabiting a living body, might ad- mire and wonder at the growth of a new and greater re- publi springing direotly from this second declaration of independencs. Itis said that Congress have no power to insert*such a provision in « territotisl bill. I refer youto the unanswerable argument of the d members of the Legislature upon this point the undeniable existence of the power fe proved by « guage of the Constitution—the in- tentiopof ite framers, the expositions of commentators, the decisions of our own courts and the courts of the United States, and the uniform practice of the govern- ment since its foundation. Let me read to you short extract, showing the arrived at by an ex- ination of th — ction of our govern fely challenge an exi on of our for a more solemn recognition of any ope ie here exhibited of that we contend for? it? Jat. A series of acts df Congress embracing the principle passed at short intervals during the last fifty years, and approved by Presidents Washington, Adama, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Jackson, and Van Buren; acts, to which it would have been their sworn duty to objectif they had doubted their constitutional ‘2d. Acts of a character not less solemn than that of or, nizing the government, prescribing the rights and duties, personal apd political, regulating the estates, their descent and the manor of disposing of th f the inkabitants of eleven territories, nine of which have actually become States and members of the confederacy, and the remain- ing two are virtually such. 34. Acts, in six of which, in- cluding the provision for Ohie, the existence of slavery in the territories was prohibited expressly and forever ; 4 ix, all of which, with one exception, express enact- ments were made equally asserting the constitutional power ip Congress of lezislative control over slavery in the territories. Yot strango to say, notwithstanding this array of authority derived from the clearlanguage of the constitution, its harmony with similar provisions in res- pect to which there has never been any dis; , and with the known dispositions of its framers on the subject of slavery, the confirmation from cotemporaneous expo- nitions, the opinions of our writers upon public Ii and the selemn decisious of our highest judicial tribunals all sustained by an exorcise of the power, which in point either ot eolemnity of the acts, general acquiescent long daration is without » paraliel in our history, the ex- istenoe of this power is now denied. Ni that dentajis made by our Southern basis of @ proscription of their po last fall 5000 majority for a whig comptroller, and last spring 1800 majority fora whig mayor, eetern and un- compromising democrat is elected to the chief magistra- oy of the ot. Mr HMavemeyer, the mayor elect, is a delegate to the Baltimore convention ; he is the mu- nicipal ocbief magistrate of nearly as many free white p: as is the Governor of any State east of the Mississippi | Florida friends will not worthy sit with them as one ef our thirty six representatives. What is there then so discouraging in the political aspect of New York politics that induces the reonnt desire to get along without the thirty-six votes of New York? It would be more na- tural to inquire, in view of whig victories at the Seu how the demoorate of N ‘ork could get along out their old Southern allies. There is but one mode in whieh the demcoracy of this State oan be prostrated, th, eb and by forcing upon them an issue which their humanity Aad love of freedom rejects. Mr. Ritehis id Mr. Croswell have been peculiarly un- ‘king issues for the demecratio party. to th pendent treasury, and mie. representations of that measure. ebled perty in nd thus prostrated it in 1840. hey may d but princinl ef human freedom, |i ple of the independent treasury, will raise the par- 'y from defeat with re d vigor, and illustrate the truth so beautifally expressed by one of the truest de- moorats in the United States, aud the most scoemplished living English poet— Truth, crushed tq earth, will rise again, The eternal of God aro her’ But error, wounded, writhes in pain, And dies among her worshippers.” It is our destre to defeat the whigs; past experience shows this cannot be effected by fruitiess efforts to unite with the conservatives. In = one of the ablest and purest statesmen that ever lived was defeated us a candi- date for Governor of this Statedby a majority of 10.000. Lovee no coraplaint of the whig party, who were openly organised against Mr. Wright. yf make no complaint of the anti-renters, who 6 in the sem@ position. It is on those who professed to support, but secretly stabbed, Mr. Wright, thatthe publio vengeance will light; and | confess, that when | recall the loss we have sust: io that great and good man,a dark, thick gloom gathers over my heart, which is uever dispelled except, for in- stants, when | see the lightning of populer. indig- nation scathing and blestiug his assassins. rs.) He was defeated; the following, the ‘canvass showed the Syracuse ticket in « minority of 35,000. There is ther. uo hope or prospect of success held outi by vain endeavors to patch up a hollow truce with the conservative forces few York State must be carried as New York city has been by tho re- guler nomination of an honest and capable candidate, a fearless assertion of democratic principles, and an unhe- sitating reliance on the intelligence and integrity of the democratic masses. With these we neod fear no adver- saries ; let democracy stand now as she has always —for protecting and elevating labor—not giving 5 privileges to capital; let her remember thac the la- boring man is the main pillar of the American edifice ; hie arm defends our liberties ; his vote directs and con- trols our government; his labor is our wealth, and his Ppertect protection and true dignity constitute our preud- est distinction. Honest labor is with us an order of no- bility, and we should resist, as the annihilation of our republicans: ,all attempts to debase and enslave it. atinent of Europe is now alive to this gre Britain, France, Prussia, Italy, Hano ussis, are feeling the mighty movement % from Ameries,is now freeing t! n which, proceed! serf and the slave trom the shackles of bondage, and elevating him to the peerage of political and social ty with his fellow men. Shall the pattern ublic, in view of her unrivalled prosperity at home and this encouraging imitation abread, Ww abandon the noble policy which has made her a sun in this firmament of freedom; and shall the Democratic party, te breath of whose li! rty, load the way in this degrading spostacy? Whatever judgment may be ren d by the citiz of other sec- tions, | tee! that [ answer for the democrats of my mative county, that they will reject with sco eug- gestion #0 derogatory to the ry and homor oir career. T! rar rally @s"one man in behalf of 8 glorious principles of free trade, free labor, free soil, free speech, and free men, which not only promise con- stitutional liberty here, but emancipation to a continent ‘across the water. When 5 Buren had concluded, a tremendous Nertt. as despotio as it is unjust.” The territory of Ohio wae organi diana in 1800, with a prohibition same was done in Michigan in 1505; i in Wisconsin im 1836; the exclusion of slavery from territories which aro the common pro- |. per'y ofthe people of the whole United States, is an in- sult 10. ts their grating to such terri- made mon have usually voted for those aots; 1 ented from emigrating; the most emine bas been prohibited, ar- Southern States. They are unjust to themselves when they imagiae that they bave either insult- ed or ostracized themselves from their own ela’ ty by their own acts. If, then, it be true that the policy of excluding slavery from territories ori. ainated with Thomas Jefferson, is sustained by ths conetitution and the practice of the government, has been fostered and sanctioned by southern men, and offers no reproach or injustice to them, why ghould it now be abandoned? The Est, object of free institu. tions is to dignify and ennoble labor ; this government was instituted for the protection of the laboring man. Tne oppressed of other countries fly to us for refuge ; emigrants to the number of 200,000 a-year are pouring into the United State one fact is better settled t another it is that Cannnot exist in the H ‘y degi the whole social etem, of which the laboring man forme s part, isdebased aud contaminated by the introduction of negro slavery New Mexico and California are now to be settled All experionce shows that the question whether they shell form free or slave Statos depends upon tue admission or exolusion of slaves fcom them whils they remain terri- tories, Apply the great ordinance of Jefferson to them, ‘and the policy which gave to us the free and prosperous States of Ohio, Indisna, Illinois, Wisconria and Michi- gan, will plant another republic of freedom in New Mex- ico and California. Mr. Jefferson abolished slavery;— those who resist the application of his ordinance to New Mexico and California, propose to abolish freedom; of all abolitionists they are the worst. Mr. McClallan has asked what the whigs can say at the approsching elec. tion. He the bank is an odsolete idea; the tariff policy is settled; the independent treasury law canoot be disturbed; and he enquires again what can the whizs say? Those familiar with the whig policy knew that they do best when they say nothing. “They go for Tyler, therefore, without a why or where- fore.” But put it in their power to say that the demo- orats are infavor of extending slavery to territories now free—that the friends of liberty would exclude the white laborer from our future acquisitions, and you lend th a club which they would use with formidable éffect upon the heads of the democracy This great American principle is now in the hands of democrats ; ‘Thos. Jefferson originated it ; democratic presses, legisla ters, writers and speakers esrnostly advocated it ; point me to the first whig address which urges this mea- sure of freedom ; name to methe whig candidate for the Pcesidency who favors it. Maimtaia this position and & glorious victory awaits the democratis party ; but letthe Baltimore Convention force upon the North the narrow and miserable test to which some gentlemen ofthe South have committed themrelves—iet them ex- olude our delegates irom their convention, and banish the advocates of freedom from the list of Presidential candidates, and the nominee of their convention, w the polis ciose in this State, will require affidavits prove he had been ruoning atall. [Laughter } hove had occasion heretofore to say that the course of the democrats of this State in regard to the immediate annexation of Texas may have misled our brethren; I have said that the immediate annexation of ‘Texas was not an issue that divided parties in this state wt the last idential election. | true thet Mr. Polk was in favor of the immediate annexation of Texas; it is equally true that th opponents of euch imme y intelligible mode ef choosing between bim and hie op- pooem on thie point; our candidate for Governor had voted against the exation of Texas by treaty; id it is notorious that the oandidate for Presi was subordinate to our candidate for Governor in affections of our people. Prominent to the immediate annexation of it friends urgi the support of Mr Polk, and ene ind.vidual, who, whi ever may have been his influence, was deomed at t that divided the parties generally desired jon in the langus the earliest prac- dential election ; tho ultimste annexation, or ann of the Baltimore convention, ticable period ;” but the warmest supporters of Mr. Polk might have been found amongst the most de- cided opponents of immediate annexation. It is, unjust to the democrats of New York, to accuse them of humbiing themselves in 1544 to the exactions of ths South, aul it would error to infer from the history of acquicsoence in the demand now made, that t of the North should renounce their priacip! od statesmen. The ps democracy of New York seems to me fall of the stro: est enoouragement; the elections during the past spring show the purty to be stronger than it has beeu for yoars past. Wherever the ques:ion of free territory has been mad” at ths polls, the results hava been moat propitious; rabie instances Mixht be reterred to im prool of «nis ren In the county of Renssolacr, a majorivy of democratic viaors have been elected; in of is towns (Hoosick) a democratic supervisor was elected on this distinct issue, for the ficet time ia many year Herkimer county is nobly redeemed. In the coun- ty of Niagara Cerried eight supervisors out of twelve. Im the county of Saratoge, @ do- majority ; and here, in Columbia, the Tesuit is seen. in the city of Rochester a de- mocratic mayor is elected by 700 majority ; in Albany, which gave iasé fall» majority ef 1900, «portion of the democratic ticket is elected, and e whig mayor barely eocapes defeat. Im the city of New York, which gave and spontaneous “buzza!” was given by the members of the convention. pplause was unanimous and hearty, and the speaker resumed his seat evidently highly gratified at his reception. LUTIONS: “1, from the committee on ich on motion of , and after being opposed by R. M‘Clellan, E* tained by Mr. J P. Beekman, wore adopted with but one dissentiag voi Resolved, Thet ali imputations upon the democracy of this State, come from what quarter they may, that ita patriotic masses are in favor ef the extension of tuto territories now bold inventions of open adversaries or secret foes weregard such ex- tension as derogatory to the principles of natural justice, ve of the vights and interests of the free labering 8 of all the States. and at war with the policy est by the fathers of the Republic, sm the ordinance of e government of the no: thwestern territory; @ dom of which has been proved and illus wth and prosperity of resolutions, Tobias L. Ho i ol lished 1787, fo: oy, the by the unprecedented. the nobie States north of the Ohio river, and by the in- welligence, patriotism and eo of their Resolved, That our confidence the wisdom and sound policy which origiaated and es- tablished the great financial measure of the a i party, denominated the Independent Treasury; tender our thanks to the President for recommending. and to the democratic majority of the last Congress for re-enacting and restoring, this truly democratic and salu- tary measure, by which the people have become agaia ‘verted, through theic own agents, with the control of their own money. Resolved, That while we profess political faith which inculcates unyielding adherence to the rights of the States, and an uncompromising hostility to all tenden- cles to a consolidation of powers in the federal govern- ment, we can lead no countenance to schemes calculated or designed to fritter away or jeopard the just influence and sui eof our own commonwealth in her relations with her sister States; and that with these views, we ars led irresistibly to approve the resolution adopted by the democratic State convention, in 1843, deciaring the set- tled policy of the State, that delegates to national con- ventions should be selected by State conventions, and not by Congressional districts. Resolved, That the administration of James K. Polk was elevated to power Ld the energies of the democratic party, aroused to a mighty effort to secure the triumph of the true principles of the constitution; and chat while we tender to the first magistrate of the nation the assu rance of our cordial co-operation in all honorable efforts to maintain those principles, we congratulate our fellow citizens un the success of those salulary measures af com mercial and financial freedom which his election has achieved. Resolved, That the late democratic State convention held st Utica on the 16th day of February last, called by a demooratic legislative caucus, duly authoriz-d as representatives of the demooracy of the State of New York, in pursuance of the time-honored usages of the republican party, was regular in its org#oization, aod presented s middie and common ground upon which ail who honestly and sincerely desired to promote the har- mony and success of the party aad to heal its dissensions could unite—where all, without regard to any section, could be represented, and the will of the mejority fairly aud fully expressed, according to demooratic doctrines and usages. That said convention, comprising the re- presentativen of the whols State of New York, through the regular organization into districts and counties, by the character of its proceedings aud the adoption of sound democratic doctrines, is jastly entitled to the ap- probation and confidence of the democracy of the State. That we rogard ths delegates to the democratic national convention nominated at said State convention, as the only trae, legitimate and regular representatives of the democrats of New Yorkin that body, and we cannot for a moment A or doubt that they will be promptly ad- mitted as such. Resolved, That wo recognize the democratic State called by the d ve caucus, and to be held at Utica on the 13th of for the purpose of nominating ele ctors of Vive President 7 — “oe 9 a it, and State of gular conven: tion of the democratic party for rT. That, believing the harmony of the party will be most aub- stantially promoted by deferrfng the nomination of elec- tors for President and Vice President until that time, and that the call of said convention emanates from the only legitimate and reguler source of power that is autho- Tined to make it, we pledge ourselves to the eordial sup- port of the electors which shall then be put in nomine- tion Resolved, That the war with Mexico was commenced the Mexican government, and it, therefore, the daty of our own to prosecute it with vigor ecessful termination—to obtain indemnity for the past and security for the future ‘That its vigorous pro- secution has elicited our warmest approbation. it has apparently termiuated, citizens on the result, alved, That late revolution in France, which has resulted in the overthrow of a monarchy, and the es- tablishment of @ provisional government on its rait containing the germs of a fature repubito, and the tation aud excitement which now pervades tho natioi of Europe, awaken our warmest sympathies and reg: and mect with « hearty and ready response in American bosom. Thet as republicans, fally realizing Diessings aad benefite of libo- nd a goverament controlled lar voice, we hail these glorious movements reform—as breaking the long borne down the op- ds and distant climes—as re enable rights as men, and to freedom cf thought end action which God has im- Panted iuevery buman bosom, and as ex'eading far and wide the area of liberty and equality. That we coufidently hope and expect that these movements will tend to produce the establishment of go: to our own, aud mo enlighiened ag Perity of che gi The foliowi people. rorolutions were offered by Mr. MeCurtias, and adepted by the convention m whieh have Resolved, ‘That the ability and patr distinguished the admini-iration of Pre S.gmad success in the declaration and m reat principles of the demucratic party, in the settlement of the financral and tariff pelicy of the General Govern- igor and succe: th which he has prose- ted thi with Mexico, are amorg the measures of his administration which entitle it to be ranked with ees ay Price Wwe Cons, thoso of his illustriove predecessors, Jackson and Van Buren, and they will command, they deserve, the euoport of the American peeple. Resolved, That wa view with satisfaction the triumph of democratic principl the financial meral government in taking the ment of its ow mone: jected, and ti 1846, recognizing this pri the American people Logisiature of 1842 is no interference ; that the of the demooratie party, both of the State end nation, upon the achievement of these great results, is one of proud pre-eminence, and if we aretrue to ourselvos, faithfal to our position, by union and harmony, we oan seoure permenance to those principles im all our fature contests, with triumph and success, Tae Present Position of En the other Powers land Relative tu the World (®rom the London Times, April 6 | — eountry cannot afford in thes days to «n- 1 A age in little wars. There is warfare on every side reatening to break on the world on too mighty a seal: & Great jes. ‘citain willingly to enter upon guerilis hos Tt is the hepe an the con flagratio: ry part of Europe may de extinguished. ios of the timo, however, command us to husband our strength, and to maintain a firm preeu tionary attitude at home. The season is past when ho ilities can beund:rtaken in a spirit of wuntunness in three of the four quarters of the globe. Asia is now at T hievements of Lord Hacdi . China, too, with a mode- sious policy, is not Ukely to requre. the f any large force. Sir Harry Smith has been resent at the termination of the final conflict with the jaffres. With the exception of the tedious and use- leas blockade of the slave coast, Africa invites measures of precaution om the part of the British government. Our relations with the United Si were never ona mere amicable footing than at pre: are grieved, then, to-day, an expedition, consisting of 10. have to announce that three British ships, under the command of Captain Loch, has been directed against @ portion of the coast of Central America. What it is thet has drawn this armament to the Mos- quito coast is but of little importance, wields and its king are but of little importa: Great Britain, al- thougn their accession to our 5 trade far- nished a paragraph for the last royal speech. expense of such ia expedition, which, with th ence of the late Caffre xperi- re us, we are not in- clined to undervalu id the employment of a naval force which is wanted elsewhere, any act that would ive umbrage tothe western world, would, just now, be fmpolitic as well as unnecessary. Great Britain, when cocasion shall arise, will always be found ready firmly to defend her rights and possessions in every quarter of the globe. There is, however, an important difference between such defensive policy and wantonly courting a spirit of hostility from other powers, where neit! r the honor nor the interests of the country are the sable sovereign of Mosquito chooses te quarrel wit his neighbors, let him oil out the forces of his Mos- quito and do es other potent: yamstances. Alexander the Great, Louis XIV.,and Napoleon Bona- rte acted thus ; and his sooty mejosty may fairly jeft to follow the example of his decessors in path of glory. Thus much is clear, thet an snnouace- ment that Great Britain hes engaged in petty hostilities in any quarter of the globe, will the present moment, be received with the ne di tl h- out the country. We have just now ether matters to at- tend to than the Mosquito coast, and we hope to hear no more of this dwarfish war. war befoi City Intelligence. y, ral deys past, though the sky was clear and the shone most besutifully. About noon the wind changed to the east, and a heavy cloud from that direction gave evident signs of foul weather; but inashort time the wind changed more southerly and the cloud dispersed. The evening was olear, but the air continued to grow cooler, with pretty bens indications of the approach of unpleasant wea- Tae Wratuen, yesterday than it er Fines.—A fire was discovered on Mostar night in the guished with trifling damage. A fire was discovered roof of house No. 159 Madison street, which was extin- about six o’olock yesterday morning in the house at the corner of North Moore and Washington atreets, which was also put out with tri . ' Post Orrice Exactness anv Potitences—A few days ago a literary tiemen of this city, Mr. B., on coming home about dinner time, found that a parcel had been left at his house by the footman, which bore the appear- ance ot Mrs , or something of bape ay Fa bore his inpt ‘very common one, aad rat vullarly 4) as directions, but with « different Cheletien L% transla- tor) or else a manuscript, the sender of which had mis- ten the first name of Mr. B the latter opened it, and nishment, found it to contain $3,500 in Treasury certificates of the loan of 1847, sent from the Depsrtment to snother Mr B.,in New York. This was rather more valuable remittance than ilterary men are in the habit of reosiving, and Mr. B. not likiog the charge thus thrust upon him, ii m 7, even at the loss of bie fr, took an omnibus, and taking a friend with him, proceeded at once to the post office; but neither post mas- ter, meanty, it master, or cash.er was to be found about the of at this hour, (3% o’clock Saturday afternoon,) and as none of these would likely be there, and Mr. B. did not desire to return the open parcel to an ir ible clerk. he was compelled to keep it in charge until Monday. Oo arriving at the Post office on Monday, he was told thet the Postmaster was Lea and could not be interrupted. After waiting haifan hour or more, he told the objeot of his visit to the cashier, who took the parcel, showedit to the ruling power of the P.O, returned, and after requesting Mr. B to endorre the fact of having opened the parcel there- on, handed him two cents, (the amount paid to the post. men by tho servant,) end bid him‘ good morning.” Thus the carelessness of the postmaster or his assis- tants in the delivery of » valuable package at the wrong house, cost toa gentleman whose time is most valuable. tho loss of his dinner on Saturday, four stage rides, the charge of a valuablo package for two nights, an hour lost ‘at the post office on Saturday and Monday—end in re- turn he may acknowledge the restoration of two cents paid by his servant, without the courteous word of ‘I thank you for your trouble.” IntsH Conreperation.—A meeting of this body took place last evening at Mechanios’ Hall. A popular mem- ber of the Irish Republican Union who had besa pre- sent, was loudly called for and forced upon tho stead He proposed that the body should fraternize with tne Republicans, at the great muss meeting to be heli af Palmo’s Opera House this evening, when Robert mett, Esq , will preaide. A committee of three wore a pointed to arrange the preliminaries, with a view to fect this object, which gave general fri. ieccion elicited loud applause. Tne meeting of the irinh 1h publicans, this evening, at Palmo’s, it is expected will be both large and enthu io. Society Linrany—The rey esterday elected Trustecs of the New York Society Tees for the ensuing year: G.C. Verplanck, W. In- glis, A. R. Rodgers, D. Hobart, F. De Peyster, 8. C. Wil- hams,J. D. Ogden, J. Coit, J.’ Delafield, J. G. Cogswell, J. Harvey, D. Seymour, J. H, Titus, C. M. Leupp, C. A Bristed Srienoip Bovauet.—Our thanks are due to Captain 2 gentlemen were Berry, of the steamship Southernor, for a magni! it bouquet, which he b ht with him from the south, on his iast trip It com m the garden of Mr. Sebring, of Charleston, and is extremely bowutiful and fragrant. Aunap or tHe Mat.—We are again indebted to MoGregor & Bostwick for Albany papers, via Housa- tonic Railroad, in advance of the mail. Also, to Messrs, Cloyes & Dennis, of the New Haven line, for Boston pa- Tur Russ Pavement ix Brooway.—Thi of the Common Couacil having completed t! with Mr. Russ on Friday last, thet gentleman ly made preparatious for the commencement of the wor! ind early on Mon morning, with his whole force, to take up the paving of the first block, be- tween Warren and (| bers streets. At noon the en- tire block was cleared for action, and with the aid of a plough, the cempact foundation was torn up. Mr. Russ a8 @ force of one hundred and forty men in the diffe- rent departments of the work, and has determined, for its more speedy exeoutien, not to remain idle for a sin- gie hour, either night ot day, and has so arranged it tbat when the dey men come off, those employed to work during the night goon, each numbering forty ; the aixty, engaged in Preparing stone, make up the total number. is will undoubtedly add more to the appear- ance of Broadway than any other improvement possibly could, and seems to meet with general approbstion.— That portion of the work between Chambers and Reade streets has been examined, and found to be as firmly cemented as when first put dewn, not a single stone in the whole block being loose or ‘having settled, which is one of the st evidences of its su; oa Mr. Rass contemplates finishing the work sbout the middie of September next, sad Broadway will then be the most beautiful thorougfsre im the city, at least ¢0 far as that improvement goes, and the necessity of sprinkling, to keep the dust dowa, will bo entirely obviated, street scarcely requiring to be swept more than onee ins month It is supposed that the dey is not fer distant when the olty authorities will apply to, Mr. Russ for another contract to complete Broadway from the Battery to Union Square, which having been done will make it superior, in point of ploasantness and beauty, to any street in the world. There are at pre- sent Dat two blocks jin the whole eity, upon which the pubiio opinion hae been |, and though one of them was but # short time slace put down, the evident advan- tage and utility of thet work was Seen, and the wish for pleasant streets will not cease to he expressed uatil ail the principal thoroughfares im the ~ are laid with the eS adapted and patented by Mr. Russ. The whole cost of laying that part now im progresa will bo thirty thousand doliars, the interest of which could be saved by the trifling amount of labor required to keep tho streets cleaned, and in’ proper condition. Inetitwre FOR tHe Dear ano Dome The quarter- it this institute ity, left in the care that been provided for them from the depot near the Park. Governor Jons Youno and lady arrived in town last evening, and are staying at the Hon, Geo. Folsom’