The New York Herald Newspaper, April 14, 1848, Page 2

2 eee th se~ ots, of forved by Nathaniel acer Rosne, and their compatriots. V the northern demoorsts mude ih+ causs xdyoostal by ‘hese great avd good men. their own; and that contest Was ter- Miveted by General Jackson's throwing the ‘of his overshadowing popularity into the same 4 Boon thereafter, » new spirit appeared to have come | of cur southern friends, wowed, with vehemence, the latitudinarisn | to which they bony oa to have bom Bttached, and claimed to be reg as among the | strictest of the disciples of the; State right school of politics. Sisvery and its immunities, its privi- Jeges, its sanctities and its blessings, soon became the | theme of their discourses; and to that ey be traced | the origin of those doctrines which bave since followed each other in such rapid and astounding succcssion.— From that evil hour, also, thore whom we regarded as | the old echool democrate ¢f the South, appeared to have entered ins race with their local opponente as to which should te the other in defendiog and to dandor to say that the t position of things has waavoldably lessencd this preference, as well as dimin- | to grest injustice for the vindication sud establishment #8 | thoes who should prastico it. belt right, it must be desided, not _compromined | el 01 Tequest that yield one particle of the ma which ss they si the sole representatives of the democracy of this State, they are justly entitied Expedients, to where Do difference of opinion existed on either natiena! ques- tions or national candidates, and by which a dec'sion of the controversy, purely local, was pestponed until such | difference should arise, can have no epplication to such | ones Neither of the distinguished ropublicavs selected | by the Utica convention to represent the cemocrscy of | this State, required the instructions of that body to know that perpetual dis race would uwait bim if he sur- ; rendered sny portion of the high trust confided to him, | and no instruction was, therefore, given The simple question, if any, which the Baltimore convention will be | called upon to ¢: ©, Will be the exclusion or admission | of those delegotes ; and it may be proper for us to add, | that such ccatsion apy to us of co momentous impor- | tance, from cur couviotion, thet while. past experience has shown that the republicans of this State will submit of their principles, tbe exclusion, sctual or virtual. of | their oily oe th for the purpose of cverthrowing | | their principles, fe an imposition which would be fatal to Here follow the resolations, in substance as [ollows : Ist. While the racy of New York are ready to main- | i exerved rights ofthe States. they declare their 20- | prom sing hostility to the extension of slavery into territo- | % ee i} That the Ir te State convestion at Syraense deserves the reprob tion of every democrat. | 4& ie tise of reasons why their power with the ores. Tans to secure justice to both We . . . {The address then proceeds inthe rame masterly and abie style, to exemias the two posed growods on whieh the South ts su; tostend.in makingjwhat the @ddrese denominates“such extraordinary an: ented pretensions» T'hes: grounds are, 1. ‘would bs an injury to them to settle in ti ‘Wwitbout their slaves, and to exciude Slaves, would be uojust to them; and2d That the clusion Bent con . cussed; after which the mddress proceeds as iol Let no one be deluded by supposing that siave:y Rot the “capacity to occupy these terri ories to a sul sient extent to ioflict upom their inbabitants the blight which aitends free labor wherever that institution exists. Experience contrary. Moreover, the @lavehoiders who may monopoliza its soil, and hold as Property the men who tll tbat soil, will not of necessity come ouly from the pi slavebolding States. Tney are, unfortunately, by no wewns the only pereons who may be found willing to enjoy the supposed luxuries of the sys em, if couuteaanced by the law of tue land Let capital be invited to auch investment by the policy of the government, and it will come from other srates, and pe: haps from foreigu couutries ; aud the instttation of slavery will not feit for tne went of sbeturs tis against the hundreds of thousands of our own desc-nd- ants, who murt earn their bread by the sweat of their brows, end hundreds of thousands of children of toil from other ovuntries, who woud annuuily seek » new howe, and » reruge fron want and oppression, in the va- eant territories, toat the uijust exclusion is rought to be entorced unde: the penalty of sociei and political deg a dation. Can it be tout those statesmen Who Save shown gueb alecrity to tura their backs upon the gi growing tn'erest,. an bave cousidered ite charscter and Megnitude! Can it be that they have oeem miadful of the peculiar duty which our goveroment owes to the laboring marres. io prot-c: whom in their righis to, poll teal and social equsli y, smi in thes cure oj ymont of the fruits of their inqustry, is at once its object and ite Pride? . . . . . . The settlement of the extensive domains of Oregon and Calforaie is now to be wommenced in earnes:, te they will, within the lives of many perecns now ip ex- istenos. be as pumercusly, perhaps as ‘hickly peopled, as {a now what was ovce the morh-weetern territory. ‘Tae Presiden bas recomm: that provision be mrde for their temp. rary government, whiie (h-y remuin territo- Ties; the duty of Congress, and the necesatiies of the in- | Babitants of those territuries, require that such provision be made Upon the character of tast provision in relu- | toa to slavery, it will, in ail human probabitity, depend | whether the States which are to epriog up in this vast nd fertile region, sball be free or siave States. Tne Question has thus arisen ins practical form {t can no be evaded or postponed §= It is upon us; we must Gecite it. Shall these vast communities be the creations of f2ee ox slave labor? They cannot be both If expe- Hieuico has conclusively eetabiiehed any one fact in poll ‘tieal or matural history, it is tha: iceo and slavo labor, in Lhe eniorged sense in which they raust here be regard- P*, sonnet flouriad under the same laws Where labor le toue derable extent committed to slaves, to iabor Scoomes badge of inferiority The weaithy capitaliats es disdain manual labor, and the wiites who are compelled to submit to it, are regarded us buvir ¢ fallem below their naturn) condition in secie y. They Cannot act om terms of equality with the masters for thove social objects which, in s community of equals, | withdraw from the contest, in favor of General educate, improve, and retine all its members. In @ word society, as itis kaownin communitive of freeman—eith ite echoois and its various forms of voluntary’ ustocle: | to his friends, which we reveive telegraph, tion or common benefit and mutual befetn —dherarinn | oh root sate Ma Th wi reely said to exist for them or their tamilios free laborers are unwilling to work side by | th negro slaves; they are unwilling to share | vils of » condition se degraded, and the depri- vation of the socivty of their own cluss; aad they emigrate with grest relactanco. and im very smaii Bumbera, to communities in which labor is mainly performed by slaves. No candid and intelligent aou'h. erner will seriousiy controver: these fects. They have | been demonstrated in the experience of the old States | ‘With the few, and comparatively @ very | few, the whie laboie-s, or, in other words, the poor of those Staies where slavery is were extensively preva- | lent, are ebjects of commisseration and charity 0 the | weekthy ph ter, avd of contempt avd soorn to the | slaves. The existence of slavery in our vast unsettled domains, to a sufficient oxtent to give tene to society, will operate by the strongest moliy # which can oF | ought to affect the buman mind, to exclude free labor- ors from emigrating to those regions. ‘The plonter who complains that ke vs excluded, it he cansot hold slaves there, i#, at most, but rubjecied to on injury to his pro- en if exch injury result at all. The free laborer on the other hi ‘ty be allowed, suffers not | mary injury, but a sacri. | is Of sooial'and political | of himself andof his wife avd chii- 2, he has encountered the | to an unsettled country; | ter then those which ex- ors to armed reeistance. If, then. | “SE 'Tinad the late couveution at Usien merits the confidence ate, [ A list ofthe reasoas why, is 16 principles of the democratic ly eulogistte of the soldie: teers«f the Me: can uramies, Gih. A reno ution of hearty aympathy for the late triumph of lem seracy in Fravee, NEW YORK HERALD, North-West Corner of Fulton and Nassau sts. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPR ‘OR. AES CHIS AV nuvi Ney aU ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, Astor Place—Enwant. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Bouxmiun Gmi— ‘Natmauie. CHATHAM THEATRE, Chathem svee.——Tue Ri- Yate—Dovace Beppxp Room—svinit ov the Watans, 1C8’ HALL, Broadway, aser Broome=C: eLe—Krniorian Sineine, BuaLesque Dan- | PANORAMA HALL, Broadwe sear Houstcn strest= Sanvano’s Panonama OF THR ue MELODEON, Bowery—Bartap Singing, Vinainia Minstaecs, ke. BROADWAY ODEON, Broadway—Promation Sta: Tuarr, ke | APOLLO ROOMS, Rroadway-—Mernorouitan Mine Tasis—Etmiorian S1naina, kc, ko. ODD FRLLOWS' Hania Pian Singing. ke ke Baoruens=Ernio- Rew York, Friday, April 14, 1848. | ‘The Circulation of the Herald. | Thuredey, April 13, | Total issue last week... . 0... | (ucrease in the last four weeks. | cee publication of the Herald commenced yesterday vautes past 3 o'clock, and finished at 20 minutes before 8. 2 The Next Presidency—Wevements in Politics —the American Revolution of 1845, Within the last few days, movements ofa next Presidency, have occurred in this and other parts of the United States; movements which will exercise an important influence in the approaching conventions; and one of which settles and puts at rest the question whether | Mr. Clay will accept the nomination, as the whig candidate, at the convention which is to meet in Philadelphia, on the seventh of June next. highly important nature, with reference to | Intimations having been thrown out, in various | quarters, that Mr. Clay would decline running | «8 a candidate, and that it was his jntention to | Taylor, that distinguished statesman, ina letter and published in yesterday’s paper, says that he has finally decided to leave to the national con- vention the consideration of his name, in con- | nection with such others as may be presented to | it,to make a selection of a suitable candidate Clay’ those doubts are now removed; put whether he will be nomine ed, is a question Whigh time only will re- veal, As inutiers © and mow, he certainly has the best chance; but the face of matters may be ma- terially altered before a week shall have elapsed. General Taylor's tricads are not inactive; they are using great exertions to bring him forward asacandidate. He has avowed hus willingness to accept a nomination from either of the two great conventions, but declines to be the Presi- dent of any,party, in case of his election. In view of the important events which are transpiring in the old world, the steady and tri- umphant march of republicanism, and the over- | throw of despotism and monarchy in Europe, which must in a certain degree affect the United States, the two national conventions, in their se- lection of candidates to be supported by the peo- ple for the office of chief magistrate, will have an important responsibility resting on them, and an important duty to pertorm. We live in an extraordinary age of the world; and perhaps there never was a time when our coun- try needed at the head of our affairs, a chief magistrate who would command not only confidence at home, but respect abroad. We entered on a new stage of existence asanation, when the dynasty of Louis Phil- ippe was overthown by the people of France; and the new republics which are forming in Eu- rope, will naturally direct their attention towards us. Among republics we have thrown off our swaddling clothes and now stand as the leading nation of the world. We have abundance of statesmen capable for such an emergency. One of them should be eelected capable of meeting the cris We have a Webster, a Cal- houn, a Clay, @ Benton, and a Buchanan, any one of whom would, if elevated to the Pre- sidency, fulfil all that might be expected of him. Our revolutionary period, which occurs once in four or eight years, is ayproaching. It 1s not to be like the revolutions in France, Austria, or Prussia, but a calm, quiet one, at the ballot boxes. Ballots and not bayonets are our means of changing rulers. The California Claim+.How are they to be Setcded t We call the particular attention of members of both houses of Congress to the following bill, reported from the Military Committee of the Senate, aad now under consideration in that | body. We insert it at length, as without the document bodily before their eyes, our readera might well be incredulous that a paper so extra- | ordinary could be attempted by any man in the | possession of his proper sensi A BILL TAINING AND PAYING THE CALIFORNIA CLAIMS. ‘enacted by the Senate and House of Represents- tives of the United States of America, in Congress as- sembled, That the sum of seven hundred thousand dol- lars, out of any money ited, be, thi 1 Pel Fremont. ‘snd also to defray the expences of the civil government aptain, afterwards Li established by Commodore Stockton, in California, and to pay all jast claims arising Out of said military opera- tions and civil government. Seo 2. Andbeit farther enacted, That the said claims and demands, so far as heretofore ascertained, and the amount evidenced by any written instrument, signed by Commodore Stockton, or Lieut. Colonel Fremont. or by muster rolls, or proper discharges, shall be paid with the least practicable delay. And for the purpose of ascer- taining the justice and amount of such part of said claim: bave not been allowed or authenticated by either of said officers, the President be, and he hereby is, authorized to appoint» board consisting of John Charles Fremont. and two officers of ssid battalion while in ser vice; which board shall sit in different pli a? mine and adjudge said claim: certific: shail be forthwith paid io Caltfornt, y, seme proper ot- ficer duly appointed, or designa’ r that pui i S00. 3 ve nd be jit further enacted, That sald board id return @ duplicate thereof to the Wer Depart- ment, and shell take testimony on oath for or: any claim when deemed necessary, and shall allow or dis allow the eamo, in wholo or in part, according to the} and to give ates for the amounts found due; which certificates | for the Presidency of the United States—in other words, that he may be considered by his friends | as opentoa nomination, and as consenting to tun asthe whig candidate ia the approaching election. Thispoint, then, is set at rest; and Mr. Clay stands, therefore, as the xroat prominent candidete of the whigs. The other movements to which we have re- ferred are the celebrations of the anniversary o' Mr. Clays birth-day, in New York, Philade!phia, | aud elsewhere, and especially the letter directed | by Mr. Van Buren to the New York Committee— | which is one of the funniest and most extra- | | ordinary documents that ever emanated from | that shrewd politician; and also the mani- festo of the Van Buren section of the Legis- At be conseded that the prohibition ef slavery operates | lature of this State, written in part, it is said, by to exciuds ti ty by whioh the exclusion is enforced is infinitely | more severe eguinst the immigrant laborer in the one just the immigrant planter ia the other borne in mind, also, that the exclusion tly greatly number in the case ot in thet of the pianters. Tt ought to Operates the fre ‘Whether there free Isborers shall be excluded from our Unoocupied regions or at l-ast from args portions ofthem, will ag it did in televion to the adjacent States of Unio | and Kentucky, depend mrinly upon ths provision which Congress shall make in regard to slavery, in organising @ KverBMent of these territorier. From the first im of gov'rmment to the prerent time, there bas bes ra trucgl+ cving on between capitel and labor for a fair dis sitogetber on the #ide of capital; but as education and intelligencs are diffused, the tendency is stronger towards that just eqnslity which all wise and good nen | desire 10 wee established. And although captial, con | trolling every epecirs of machinery has heretotore in the | meio ted that of geveramert ulro, the true relation | of the elements of proguction ere beginuiog to be uv. derstood Men's miuds bave everywocre turned, aod | ‘Will continue to be turned. to the contemplation of the | Yaloe o: labor; ani an evlightened sense of jus:ice is inclining them to senk out the menws of nectiring to him who labora @ consid-ration im society and a reward fi, the distribution of tne prooseds of industry more ade- clues have ber-tofore received The | ealth avd power of s country consist ip | d that be woo con'ributes mort to ite in- it useful among itm henetaccors. hes No where is this trath more + vident sbould it be 2more respected—no where should thr rigbts of tue toiling marses be more distinctly appre- 4 Cisted aud more amply protect d, than in our compura- | lively new, but alrrady great couatry Th» inc-easing | power of correct opiaioa on this su! jsot is uluscrated by | rk of centuries, in thet country, to | and drbase the children of industry and fevored few Yet the aystem of which these been overthrown with the naked | d by the rising power of the greut | have referred. And wbat is the firet | the attention of the new government is | Why, te brexk down obstacles which bad so | 7 erated my Jeboring el.sses trom rec iviag the | cone) ion and rewar | conetden ds to which they are equally And shall we. now, in view of this glorious tav'tation from abroad, sbsndon @ policy in regard to slavery which has been parsued from the commencement of our 4 which is #o vitaily*importont to ive ait: | We bali be greatiy decetved if those who iy the bribs of evanescent honors, or to advocate #0 Tailacious change siter deeply regret their apostacy. | More respectable in thie than | any other country, can spare comperstively little time | for reading, and such truths we we have ret Jerth, are often slow in reaching thrm, but in toe end.do reeen | thers, and are embraced with unyielding tenacity. . . * rength truth to which We have thus presented rome of the prominent con- s\eratiors which have induced the democracy of thie State to arsume the position they no® occupy on the sub- Jest of slavery, and nave endeavored to reply with ovol- | &n 2 moderation to sume of the grounds on which that *fon bas been assailed If we have been in avy de- essfal, we may claim to have shown that the | feloed by the democracy of New York, so peeteniing woy excuse for thelr proscription by | < poll associates, are those which the Digheet ebiigauiins of constitutional Hberty require them to | aaa (They heve sent, in conformity to ished | tort ym estimabl a ‘osteientonte dant = le and inflagotial citizens to dential lection, to the ey of other #istes, who are soon to assemb Daitimore, Their desire is kinsly wed diapers center with thete brethren of the Union, ia According to all this the Presidential we 1B the Pafoty and success of tunt pre aoe yl , uniformly reosived a rtrong, steady, und generalt ‘They regret to be apprised that @ de. | ¢ eesefs\ support sign rhoutd exist in apy quarter to exciule their dele. gate¢ from such conference, oF to nevitalise thait voles | | 1 axS00! tog with them persons not delegsted by the | | perty, Rot speaking its sentiments We are o enelocsly ca ised, that there is uo room for on beck by the Utica convention t \t | not. There is too much Van Buren in it to tell of whom. may be consfdered cept differs nce ft epinion in regard to the cet ot the | ell of which place that statesman in an impor- free laborer it must be admitted thatthe | Martin Van Buren hianself, which will be found in this day’s paper. Mr. Van Buren endorses the | commanding talents and manly frankuess of Mr. | Clay, in a letter which he had the best reason to betieve would be published and extensively circulated, addressed to a whig committee, who had invited him to take part in the celebration of the anniversary of Mr. Clay’s birth. At such a time, and in such. a conjuncture of circum- stances, when Mr. (Slay stands forward as a can- didate for the Presidency, and when the demo- ibution of the profits resulting from their joint | CFatic party inthe State of New York hes been | 1a the early stages of society the advaatyg- | split into two great factions, through Mr. Van | Baren’s instrumentality, this act of Mr. Van Bu. | ren is certainly very siga ificant and very curious, and willexercise a potent influence, in one way | or another. Atthe Clay festivals in New York and Philadelphia, the gr patest enthusiasm was evinced towards Mr. Clay, and decided and un- | equivocal preference expregsed for him as a can- dida‘e for the Presidency. Indeed, it may be said that Mr. Clay’s chances for election have beea brightening tor a considerable time past, and that they are as goof, if not better, now, than | they have ever been, notwithstanding the sp4ch and resolutions which he delivered at Lexing- ton some time since It is amusing to read the proceedivgs that took place on the resding of Mr. Van Bua- ren’s letter at the celebration in this j city. He tickled Mr. Clay, aud Mr. Clay’s friends in retury, tickled him. He endorsed Mr Clay’s commanding talents and man‘ly frankness; and the Hon. Dudley Selden said ‘se looked on Mr. Van Buren with the greatest respect, if not admiration, and proposed nine cheers fot the ex- President, which were given with hear. Vy good will. Thr scene partook somewhat of 1,\¢ lu- dierous, To hear cheers given for aman \ho has been Mr. Clay’s political enemy for a qu. Wt ter of a century, by Mr. Clay’s friends, at a fe. tival on his birth-day, is, indeed, something novel, aud savors somewhat of the funny scenes maga in the Pickwick papers, or somewhere else. , The manifesto of the Van Buren section of the democratic members of the Legislature, it will be perceived, takes strong ground in favor of the Wilmot proviso and ant lavery question, and widens the breach between them end the other section, so much as to preclude, perhaps, almost any hape of a reunion before the time of elee- tion, notwithstanding the adhesive qualities of the democrats on the approach of election days. This is another powerful element in favor of some one—perhaps of Mr. Clay—and perhaps to have been regularly ppened by Mr. Olay’s friends on his pirthdey, and by Mr. Clay himself, by the pub- ication of his lewer of willingness to ac- the nominativon, on the same day— ant position before the whig national conven- ion. tice of t! Sec 4 riher entcted, That the Califor nie battalion stall aid cs volunteer mounted infan- try, Sinding their own horrer and forage, snd shall have all the benefit of the acts of Congress in favor of such troops. Sec. 5 Aud be it further enacted, That the sald bosrd shall give public a0: at whioh they will eit, s jor | not be presented and established before raid board within twelve months irom the time of its first sitting, shall be deemed and held to be unfounded and unjust. be forever barred. . And be it further enacted, That the decision of the majority of the board shall be final, and shall au- thorize a certificate to be issued to the original claimant, for the immediate ey of the amount allowed, ex- cept in cases where first described member of the board ehall disagree to the sa: the record ; in which case no for reasons stated op ment shall be made until the claim is examined and allowed by the War | Department Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the compen. | sation and expenses of the said board, shall be psid cut of the sum of seven hundred thousand dollars appro- | priated by the first section of this ;, the amount of | the compensation to the members of the board to be | the rate of three thou doll apy other compensation receiv: | rate of two thousand dollars | two dollars # day to witnesses | the United States, and ten cents a mile for travelling to | the witnesses; and the same for transportation to the clerk and the members of the board, if any, who may not be entitled to \y transportaticn. It will be remembered that Mr. Benton’s son- in-law, Mr. John C. Fremont, from mple lieutenant, was promoted by Mr. Polk, for the purpose of gratifying Mr. Benton, to a lieute- nant colonelcy, and his promotion would have been eminently proper, if it had been conferred from proper motives; for Lieut. Fremont was an officer of commanding attainments. Mr. Benton was not satisfied, however, and when Lieute- nant Colonel Fremont was arrested by General Kearny, a court martial was demanded, and, again to gratify Mr. Benton, was ordered by the President. The public has seen what an egre- gious farce wes that whole transaction. After costing the government one hundred and fifiy thoussnd dollars, it ended ina sentence of dis- miesal from the service, which everybody knew | would never be carried into execution ; and, | accordingly, the President, as was foreseen, re- mitted the sentence. But we will suppose that Mr. Benton had | other views than quietly to have Lieutenant | Colonel Fremont sent back to his duty — The witne: who attended the court martial were summoned before a committee of the Senate; and at great expense to the government, ja large mass of testimony was taken relative to | the claims against the government in California The result of this was a probable understand- | ing between Mr. Polk and Mr. Benton. Mr | Fremont’s resignation was accepted, and tue bill | we have presented above was prepared. Mr. Polk was determined to make another bid for | Mr. Benton’s support in the next campaiga. This time he resolved not to stick at trifles, and his few friends in the Sennte received, it is said, pri- | © vate instructions to support the bill. To judge from appearancer, Mr. Benton, how- ever, determined not to expose himself to the donger of being deceived. He knew Mr. Polk to ibe tricky, and there was, therefore, inserted in the bill a positive instruction from Congress to the President to appoint John Charles Fre- mont chief commissioner. Such instruction was, to be sure, a direct attack on the constitu- tional power of the President. One would sup- pose that so strict a constructionist of the con- stitution as Mr. Polk, would grow indignant at this mttack on his prerogative, involving, also, as it did, a gross personal affront. Quite the con- trary. Who knows but that all the instruments of the President’s will—Hannegan, Moor, Tur- ney, and others—received positive instructions to swallow the measure without even a grimace It will be seen that the bill appropriates the enormous sum of seven hundred thousand dol- lara to liquidate cisima, aod to d fray the ex- pensee of military operetions in California. The adjust them according as he thinks proper ;. for it will be perceived that by the sixth section he is nvested with the power of overruling his. two colleagues, who form a majority of the board. Aod who are'these colleagues? Members of his own battalion, lately serving under him, and consequently likely to be more or less influenced by him. Wedo not impute to Mr. Fremont the shadow of dishonorable purpose; but we are very sure that the attempt to confer this offce upon him by Mr. Polk, will injure him in the public estimation, if he do not promptly disavow all participation in the scheme. We understand that Mr. Jones, another eon- in-law of Mr. Benton, is to receive the appoint- ment of paymaster to the board; and that Ran- dolph Benton, a son of Mr. Benton, isto be ap- pointed clerk. Thus the measure would seem intended solely to benefit one family. It appears by the bill, that Mr. Fremont is con- stituted sole judge of the justice of claims, in which, by his own showing, he 1s personally in- terested. This is not only absolutely indecent, but extremely dangerous, as forming a precedent for future loose transactions of a like nature. But we confess, that extraordioary as is the im- position attempted by the bill, it does not strike us as half so discreditable as the conduct of Mr. Polk, in conniving’ at and giving it his eanction. It amounts, in effect, to thief: that the President, in order to secure Mr. Benton’s support ip the next Presidential compaign, permits him to take out of the treasury the sum of seven hundred thousand dollars, to be used, nobody knows how—the judgments to be rendered, and dis- bursements made, by a man who is himself per- sonally interested, and who, in fine, is to be in- vested with absolute control of this vast sum. Weare prepared to see this measure pressed with unblushing effrontery on the Senate; but we trust, notwithstanding the late evidence to the contrary, that that body has yet sufficient re- gard for public opinion to crush this vile mea- sure now, by a Ccecisive vote. Vorg ror Mayor —Upon correcting the vote for Mayor, according to the officiel returns (with the exception of the 14th and 16th wards, not yet sent in), and adding the results of the the canvass in several districts, not previously ob- tained, tne majority for Mr. Havemeyer, over Mr. Brady, is reduced to 928. Denrat.—The Washington Union denies that Mr. Buchanan furnished a copy of the treaty for publication. Theatrical and Musical. Iratian Orga Hover.—The opera for this evening is the favorite “ Ernani,” which always meete a good recep. tion from the opera goers. Signor Atilio Arnoldi will make his second appearance at thie house this evening, in the character of Ernani, the bandit. Signs. T. Truff and Sig- nor Beneventano will take the parts of Elvira and Don Carlos. The house will, no doubt, be fullyand fashion- ab‘y attended by the lovers of music. Tasernacte.—Granp Conceat or THE ItaLian Comraxy.—The talented artists who compoee the ex- cellent troupe of the Astor Place Opera, gave last night one of the best musical entertainments we ever heard in New Yirk. We are sorry to say that this concert was very badly attended, and we cannot understand the abandonment of the dilettanti from these musical par- ties. We cordially confess that, with his feults and talents, Verdi ranks among the best music writers of the age. Verdi is the most illustrious representative of the young musical school of Italy. His compositions are now-a-days ployed and sung universally in the land of music. This young maestro, who is more of a harmonist than are generally the present professors of musio in his country, does not write those flat melogies #0 ofcen heard in the operas of the present school; his style is imbued with some lo reflection. The author cf “ Nabuco” is more sober, more restrained, than hia countrymen generally are. If he does not possess their happy abandon, he is imbued with a dramatic intelligence, reflection and talent, with which he fille the intervals between one inspiration and another. Vordi is s composer full of jadgment, measure, taste and grandenr; his ave been appreciated throughout Europe, even i: The opera of “Lom- berdy,”’ pertormed in Parii the title of “Jerusa- lem,” has met with universal approbatien, and “ Nabuco” thero, as well asim London, St. Petersburg, Vienna and different other large ‘cities, without rge jing Italy, hea been censidered ss chef uvre of Verdi. In epite of oriti- cisms.) spoken or written, against the of “ Na- buco,” promoateed here to be a fallure,) Ie must be ad: tittod that theres « want of judgment fo the sat; ond request @ COnI| opera as om nde often ux ler are wht woh be ac. ous omed to these me erat'papere consisted of the two first acts of “ Nabuco,”” nge of different operatic pieces, which had with the greatest taste. We wore, as well as the few hearers there present, enchanted with the «n- sembie and accuracy of Truffi, Patti, Rossi, and Bened ti, Arnoldi, Rosi, Beneventano, and’ the choruses finale of the first act of Verdi’s opera was rendered the greatest perfection. Signor Arnoldi’s voice deed, ly sweet. He re- cel! pause, and was encered in th erie y”? which he rendered wit taste and brio. The romance of Mercacente, “Il c Sigoor Avignone and his accompagnoteur or ii on the piano, and Signor Torriani on the vivion. cello, a very good jon to gather applause and Siume ‘and to speak traly, the concert was a eplen- Bowery Tuxatne.—This splendid establishment, in ite new costume and spring adornments, cute @ fine figure. The proprietor bas ably combined the opera and ballet. Last night, the Seguin troupe appeared in the “Bohemian Girl,” and Miss Julia Turmbull was the gem of the ballet. The music and singing of the former Piece wore beautifully performed, while the audience was enraptured with the beautiful dancing of Miss Turr- bull. There is every promise of a brilliant success in the new and high career upon which the Bowery bas en- tered. Netwithstending the rise cf prioa of the pit, it ‘was crowded, and the house in every part was full. The great popularity of the Seguins, und the distinguished talont of that beautitul danseu: iss Julia Turnbal command the fallest houses. Cuatnam Tueatax.—Theatricals are flourishing now- @-deys, if full houses is any oriterion; at the Chatham they have a succession of them every cveuing, and the performances, which at this house are interesting nature and well done, give the greatest satisfaction. Bass has bern performing for the leat two or three weeks, and has become such a favorite with the frequer of the bouse, that do not see how the Mapagers can well spare him he is undoubtedly one of the best comedians in t! country; his jovial looking face well beeomes such ch: racters a8 Marmaduke Magog, Aily Croaker, Dulcimer Pipes. &c,; and the teel comedy he is capital Witness bis Sir inex Macsychophant and other ‘To-night he 4 will appear as Sir Anthony Absolut brillient comedy of the Rivals Thi y didly done tbis evoning, as Brougham, H dr-ws, WB. Cl Vernon, Miew K Horn, Mra G Jones and Mra Boot the promivent parts Mrs. Vernon will be the Mrs. Malaprop. Tne trequenters of the Park theatre all know her excellence in this charac- ter The farce of the Double Bedd-d Koom and the Spirit of the Waters fill up the evening. The latter piece has,been pre-: miventiy successfal, other novelti mot ng. rush tow srds Mechanics’ in about half past cix. From ight k, there is ® continual flow st side of Broadway, of the folks going to hear be Nothing we could bid in their favor balt 60 convincing as the tact of their unprecedented puccers ‘wenty-eight cersive weeks of crowded houses is indeed, as Sampson eays io the novel, prodigions! They give a five bill every evening Sante Baotnens —Ther luses have determined to give the olka at Paterson # second concer: this y Must Make the most of them while they as they return to their old quarters at ation Hall on Monday evening next. Mernoronitan Mins lees than fifteen portermers. bands are organising in most comp} and are strong enough to give full operas if they ‘4 Tne Metropolitans, howeve: what is quite as popu- tar with the public, and & most excellent pro- imme of songs, duette, overtures, ko. They perform at the Apolio Rooms this evening. Mexopson.—The emusementa here are just the thing required at @ pleasant concert room,caloulated for the tronege of families and citizens. They consist of sing- ing, ko.,and attract crowds nightly. Buoapway Ovron.—At this place the animated pic- tures sill continue as attractive as ever. Bie eclant! was to sin; delphia, last evening. at a concert given for the be- ne fly oF the orchestra of the society. Mr. Dempster, the celebrated ballad singer, is about to give a series of concerts in Philadelphia. H. Piscide was at Pitteborg on the 10th instant, and abou; to commence « professions! engagement. Me. Aupnivor, the A rican Row woently appeared on the London boards for tho first t1 in fifteen yoarr, A Mr. Fannen, son of the comediaa, made his debut ad been vory successful at Edin- ‘She has porformed a round of her favorite oha- J burgh. ructers whole of thie deot,or a .arge proportion of it, was contravied by wir Fremont; and he it is __ If the delega ces to be elected to that con- | whom this bili owns) us sole judge of the jus- vention have had any doubts Tespecting Mr. tne of these ¢inin., with absolute power to The Diseriw troupe has given performances at several towns in Kesex, al-o at Uxbridge, ko,, with great auc- 00n8 Mre. Banaetr, am American a0 \de her " 1 tress, mas debut receatly before an ‘bean ) at the Prinoses’ | cannot full, in guch & well conceived combination, to | TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, - Summary. We have few events of importance to record under the telegraphic head to-day. The Congressional proceedings, however, wil, be found interesting. In the Senate, the bill in- troduced by Mr Dix, relative to the pilots of New York, was, after some discussion, laid aside informally. The bill to allow certain Cah fornia claims, was then taken up, and oc- casioned an animated discussion. The passage of the bill was opposed upon constitutiona} grounds. Ia the House, the contested election case between Messrs. Jackson and Monroe,jof this city, was decided in favor of the former. | Mr. Horace Mana, elected to supply the vacancy occasioned by the death of the late John Quincy Adams, appeared and took his seat. Some later news trom Mexico has been re- ceived at New Orleans, The opinion that a retrograde movement would short'y be made by our troops, was prevailing at Vera Cruz. The citizens of Washiogton made an enthu- siastic demonstration last night, in favor of the late republican triumph in France. They had torch-light processions, illuminations, &c. The particulare of a disastrous steamboat ac. cident, and some further intelligeace from New Mexico, will be foundbelow. es Celebration of the French Revolution in j_[iumination and Sorch-light _ Wasumoron, April 13, 1848 The entire city is one scene of glorious ent u- sm on the ovcasion of celebrating che late re- volution in France. M -sers. Morse, of Loui- siaue, Fovie, of Misais 1, Thompson, of Pa Stanton, of Tennessee, a Grund, ot Washing- ten, addressed an immense concourse of people; and the Marseilles hymn was sung; many house are illuminated, and a torch-light procession is moving through the streets, midst the shouts of assembled thousands. From the South.—Rumor of a Retrograde Vem © by our Army. PuetersspurGu, April 13, 1843 The express from New Orieans has arrived with advices to the 8th instant. The steamship Virginia, from Vera Cruz, on the 27th, and Tampico on the Sit, has arrived at New Orleans. — ; The impression ia prevalent, and daily strength at Vera Cruz, that the army is making a retrograde movement. THIRTIETH CONGRESS, FikST SESSION. jenate, Wasuinaton, April 18. 1349, ‘The Senate assemb/ed at the usual hour, and was called to order by the Viur Parsipent. The Senate then proceeded to the consideration of the morning business. Numerous memorials and peti- tions were presented relating to various subjects, which were duly received and referred. IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN suGARS Mr. Downs, of Louisiana, offered a resolution, calling upon the Secretary of the Treasury for a statement of the quantity of foreign sugars imported into the United States from July 1847, to April 4, 1848 —which lies over Sundry private bills were reported and read twice. THE PILOT Laws. Mr. Dix, of New York, muved to take up the bill re- lating to the repeal of the pilot laws, which to. Mr. Dix went on to address the Se: the bill, aud aduuced various arguments showing the expediency of repealing the present laws, which he con- sidered operated oppressingly and injuriously upon the lots of the city of New York, who bad severely suffered in their business by the unequal operation of the laws in question. He dousidered that the control of the pilot laws should be left to the State Legislatures. When he had concluded, Mr. Mitxa, of Now Jersey, rose and proceeded to re- ply to Mr. Dix. He defended the existing pilot laws, and the New Jersey pilots in particular, He considered that the pilotage of New York harbor hed, from partial State legislation, grown up to be @ gross monopoly, alike detrimental to t! It of institations and the commeroial interest of the chief commeroial mart of the Union. ‘When he hed concluded, he was eragoey eta Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, in opposition to the bill. On intormally laid aside. motion, the bill was then CALIFORNIA CLAIMS. And the Senate laid aside the morning business, ond proceeded to the consideration of the order of the day, hich was the bill providing for the payment of the Call- fornia claima, The first thing in order was the amendment offered yeeterday by Mr. Maron, of Virginia, in favor of the ap- pointmeat of Commissioners by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the tion of the claims. Mr. Bancrr, of North Carolina, offered to the bill authorising the President to a; mont and other ex-officers as members an amendment it Col. Fre- the Board of s Mr. Mason renewed his motion to recommit the bill tothe Committee on Military Affairs, with instructions to report in acoordance with the amendment he had pro- pored. Mr. Bavorn addressed the Senate at considerable len He contended that Congrees had constitutional powers authorizing it to appoimt commissioners to amine claims, without intrenching upon the prerog- ative of the Executive. When he hed sat dowa, Mr. Rusx, of Texss, rose and spoke ably in of the bill, and in the course of his remarks, he that Congress had power to appoint Colonel Fremont a Commissioner, if it deemed the measure necessary, and approved of the selection. He was followed by ir. Butter, of South Carolina, who made a brief and ekcquent speech in reference to the powers claimed for Congrese. He denied that Congress had power to ap- point such officer. When hé has concluded, . Mr. Benton rose and expstiated largely upon the subject, and conbatted those Senators who haa oppo the measure, and pronounced the power claimed by Co: grees to be unocnstiiutional. After he had takrn bis seat, Mr. Pueirs, of Vermont, obtained the floor and pro- ceeded to address th- Senate against the constitutionality of the sppointing power on the part of Congress, and contended that such power was vested in the Executive, with advice and consent of the Senste. Without taking the question on the motion, the Senate adjourned. House of Representatives. The House assembled at the usual hour, when the members were called to order by the Speaker. Prayer was offared up by the Rev. Mr. Guriey. The journals were then read and aprroved. QUALIFYING & NEW MEMBER Afier the transaction of some routine business, Mr. Hudson, of Massechusetts, introduced the Hon. Horace Mann. the member elect from the district i State recently represented by the late Hon. Joha Quincy Adams Mr. Mann went fot d tothe Cierk’s desk, was duly quslified, and took BRANCH MINT IN THE cr NEW YORK. Mr. TaLmapan, of New York, moved to take up the bill for th; estabdiishment of the Brenoh Mint in the city of New York, which was agreed to, when it was read s and referred to ommittee on Ways and jeans. THE CONTEATED srat. Mr. Richano W. Tuomrson, of Indieaa, moved to take up the coaterted election oase between wiessrs Munroe and Jackrcn, of the 16th Congressional District of New York. which was agreed to Mr. THonrson addressed tho House at acme length in explanation and support of the majority report of the committee, whics awarded the contested seat, to Mr. Munroe, M~. Munruy, of New York, followed, and advocsted the mivority report of the committee, which was in f of giving the sewt to Mr. Jackson. ir. Cops of Georgia, followed on the same sid contendes that Mr Jaekron entitied to the se: When he bad concluded, a oull of the House was mi and @ quorum being present, the previous questio called tor The yoes and nays wero ordered and rerulted in the negative, W! House adjourned. and ‘Terrible Steamboat Oisaster and Loss of Life. (From the Pailadeiptie Builetia. St Lours, April 12, 1843 Another terriblo calamity his occurred on our wa- ters, The steamer Charter Ouk, lying at Dutch’s Lan- ding, was totally destroved by fire laac evening, and I add that the First Engiacer and four others d in the flames! wards of eight hundred tons of valuable freight we wise destroyed, upon which I understand, on &n insurance of $50,000 in this city and Cincin- nat The Charter Oak had also on board 180 tonsof hemp conal ued to the several houses ia New Orleans, upon which there is no insurance 00, This distressing secident has cast quite a gloom over our community. ta and Important from New Mextco—Re- cat teen of Hosilites—Suleide uf Licuten- ant shu, % Sr. Lovrs, April 12, 1848, Mr. Burts has just arrived from Fort Arkansas He left the river on the 9th of March, and brings intelligenee of p highly important charaoter When he left, the most conflicting reperte héd reached the Fort, reintive to the state of affairs in that couatry. - There can be no doubt that a large body of hovtlie In- diens end Mexicans had asrembied at w place 200 miles south of the Fort. It was the intention of Col Gtipin to march the following day with his commund and attack them. The Chequene Indians had returned from a hostile ex edition aguinet the Sal a Pawnees They brought with them twenty fire roulp Lieut. Shull, of the Artillery, committed suicide by ae himeeli with @ pistol. He was stationed at Fort | Mann, Markets, New Onueans, April 8.—Cotton—Seles of 500 bales at 6% @ 6 cents, principally for Kogland. Swgar—Qaiet. Flour, $4 75. Freighte—No new engagomonts, Ex. changes, nominal. Buvraco, April 18, 1943,—Reosipte—Fleur, 3000 bbls; Carn, 8000 bushels; Wheat, 16,000 do, Flour—Sales of 400 bbls this State and good Wostern were made at $4 916096, Corn—The market was dull for Westin 9 400. ‘Wheat was dull, and we quote Chicago at 96, and fair Ohio at 102c. The reovipte of Pork are large. Bestov, April 18th.—Flour—Snles of 510 bbls. were made, including Generee, Michigan and cther western bran $6 6234 a $675; the market closed dull, aud with a dowawara tendency in prices. Corn continued t>eell protty freely, without material change in prices— about 10000 bushels change? hands, including whits and yellow, at 50 9 630. Rye—Sales of 60 bushels woe made at Soc. Oates continued firm, and sales of 3,000 bushels wero made at 52c. There was no change of mc- ment in provisions. Frejghts remained sbout che samo. 5 Intel Lee New Ca iretyy ig dyes a ew baa, New York; endyke, Dalhula, Phi'sdelphia Cid shi » do; Unicom, Botton: back Guisey, Kings do. one = The City Election NAMES OF ASSESSORS, CONSTABLES AND JUSTICES BLECTED. ‘Whigs in Italies—Dem sorats fu Romsn. Wade, Assessors. Was. Constables, 1. J. © Morrison, 1. Horace D an, Ira Brown R. 8. Martin. 2. Samuel Waterbury, 2. W O Butler, J.B Garretson. Exmrald Wheeler, 3. 8. R Mabbete, 3. Go. W Chedic, WE sharlock. Cornel us A'lison. 4. J D Keating, 4 Patrick Meson, ‘Thomas Hayes. Andrew Smith. 5 C Sort. 5. Joseph J nkings, Jvmes A Rich Tra Greene. 6 Jobn Foote, 6 John Hickson, Edward Sheilock. Wm B Barber. 1. George Adams, 7. Thomas Chase, Luth r Richards, Thomas Keiland, 8. J W Blavvel:, 8. W. C. Carpenter, Thomas Butler. Benj L-Roy. 9. HH Cargiil, 9. BD Wisner, Wa. Welt Wm. H Rich 10. T. D. Howe, 10, Bernard ; Ananias Matthews. H ON. Parker. 11, David Ludiam, 11. Smith Sloan, Christooher MeGary, Lioyd Bryant. 12.L R Kerr, 12. George Feitner, Warren Brady. Alex Pabor, 13. Wm. J-nkins. 13, John M Rue, 14, Evoch Dean, J, W. Somerindyke. James Mailigan. 14, Nathani-l Finch, 15. Geo, Riley, W. Q Hutton. J B Lester. 15. J H Monn, 16 Jobn Hoey, James Heulin, 8 V Cronkright. 16 Wm. Keensn, 17. A. Van Boskerck, Ane Freeman. Jomes Robinson. 17, Geo Buch 18 Wm Johnaon, Jr, VL, Miles. Miohael Flynn. 18. Wm Peck, James Van Tassell. D's. Police Justices. Dis. Civil Justices, 1. Jeremiah Lothrop. 1. James Green, 2, James McGrath. 2 partholomew O’Conor, 8.0 T M Bleakley. 3. Wm. B Meech. 4 B. W. Osborne. 4, Wm. A Van Cott. 5. C.B Timpson. 6. C. H Dongherty. 6. NW. B. Mountfort, 6. Angon Wilts. The Firth Judicial District. Vore roa Civit Justios. Dem. Wai. Charles H Deugherty. David Rande?t. : 03 suo 1 293 393 342-1175 3092 3611 Majority for Dougherty. .... 181. Wutumescre Exvection.—The wi of Williame- burg have succeeded in the election of nearly all the officers for the town, by an average of 100 majority. The vote stood— President Waterbury (whig) 909; Hamilton, (dem) 909. Seven of the nine trustees are also elected, besides two supervisors, D.Mayer,andL.T. Coles C. M. Briggs bas also been elected a justice of the peace, ty intelligence, Tar Wratnen.—The weather, yesterd: disagreeable Aten early hour, to but ceased before a sufficiency had fallen to lay the ¢ whioh for a week past, has been very annoying. About noon. it again commenced raining, and continued for se- ral hours; then where dust had abounded, mud did mach moreabound. The evening wes clear and beauti- fal, and the ait\was considerably cooler. i Tavion Mextino.—A meeting of the friends of Gen. Teylor, as a candidate for the Prosidency, was beld iast evening at Lafeyette Hall. Between two and three hundred persons were present. The otject of the meeting war to advocate the claims of General Taylor upon the American people, and to adapt preliminary measures, witha view toran him as an independent cangiints at the spproaching Presidential election. The ane though small, were unanimous and de- term! . Fine.—A fico breke out about half seven o'clock last evening, in the fourth story of house No. 27 Ano street. occupied by F. W. Bell, as a book bindery, and by William H. Clark, a3 printing office. Mr Bell had large stock of materials and ata’ on hand, all of water, and up- His loos is said to be between $4,000 and $5,000. lark’s lowe is consider- The flames communicated to No 25 occupied by hore entire stock wea also ted at from $2 000 to $3 000, upon which there was no insurasce. The buildings be lovg to Mr: C. H. Sanford, and were: damaged to the amount of about $800, which were fully insured. The roofs of No’s 23 and 29 were slightly damaged. It is not koown how the fire originated The firemen we! promptly on the spot, and subdued the flames before the adjoining property was materially iojured. City Hore..— This establishment, so long and so ably conducted by Mr. Charles Jennings, will, weare ioform- ed, be conducted from tho let May, proxime, by Mr. Bianoard, of tie Pavillion, Staten Island. Steamer Bay State.—This fine steamer touched in the mud the other side of Huzi Gate, yesterday, but soon alter got off, and artived at ber berth last eveaing. Sno left agoin at 4 o'clock this morning. - Dinty Starets.—Fer some weeks before the election, the streets were, iu many ‘ts of the city, kept ina comparatively good condition, owing elih-r to good work,or no rain. That ovent having transpired, they already ‘in to present ® most horrible condition it was im: ert yesterday, to cross Broadway without the feet bei erally covered with mud. There ieoue thing to whioh very little attention is paid, and the duty to report belongs to ar we viz: the throw!ng of gar- bage and cosl ashes in the streets. An order from the proper authority, was issusd some time since, requir- ing those things Kept out of the streets, and for's short time, wos promptly obeyed, but neglicence on the part Of the executive officers of the city, hes made it more common than betore, and wherefore this ngiigence? In several of the wards of the city, there will soon be on en- tire change in thet cificial department, and tt would bo advieable ior those who wish a reappointment, to be prompt in the performance of their daty. [a' every street in the city, filth ona obstructions ure visible, and io many places where actual repsirs are going on, the streets are lees obstructed tban in some places Where no improvements are being made. Police Inteltigence. Stat n Island Elopem-nt Case —A taw di anxious lover, Hiram Garretts; before Justice ‘Timpson, yeserauy, they were marriod on the evening of ‘he oth ivetant, at the resience of Mr. Cropasy, No 68 Delaucey strest, by the minister of the All Methodist Episcopal Church, in the presence of and his daughters. Soon aftor thiame ri , It Was aecertsined that G rrette d man at the time of marrying Mary. and it once put in search of bis whereabouts; ble to succeed uutil yesterday morving, Hopkins, of the third ward caught the ras- cal just ae he was going on beard the steamboat Roger Wiillems, took him into custody, and conveyed him to the Tombs, where an sffidavit was made by William Ben- nett, of No. 366 Hudeon street, setting forth that the ac- Yyeers ago to his (Ben- D grotts,and be wes remony was performed 01. The fi live and in Cag health, rest: Varick street. Yesterday afternoon the sccused was brought out of prison before Mary, who identified him as the man who practised the outrage and deception upon her. Justice Osborn committed bim for t: and thus will ond the o soamp. by ® service of fivo years in tho State pi at Sing Sing. Charge cf Grand Lareeny.—OMeoer Brown, one of the Chiet’s sids, arrested, yesterday, a German b Py P same house together, watoh wes missing. The offiver recovered the ’a pawn shop in Chatham street, where it had beon accused. Ho was committed by the it of $500 bail. z.—A man by ‘ha name of Michrel ated on the aay of election, on a charge ye to vote illegeily,at one of the district 3h ward, Csptain Jobuson. of the 19th jd conveyed him before Justice he mmitted for trial ¢ of Grand Larceny Officer Crovett, of the ower polioe, arrested yosterdey ® cartman by the name of Robert Webb ona warrant issued by Juetice Osborne, whereit he stands charged with taking fo- loneously tix barrels of pickted hams vaiuad al property of Thi Besant, No. 67 South treet. It appears trom Mdavit of Mr. Besant, that the ac- ore of the complainant, and repre: ‘ vt from the firm of Harris & Sons, for the pork, at loving the statement, delivered the x barrels to Webb; noon after ft was ancertainad that the rtory told by Wetb was untrue, as the firm of Har. tis & Sons never gave any such order. Tae accused hela to bail tonnewer, note vandhal Highway Robhe y—Some vil nigntattacke) Abraham H. bec | tel,oo~ner of Warren aud Was up bebind him in Warhing bew about 12 olook, knocked him down with # stung shot, and whil@icven: sible, out from hia pooket roll of bi ag to $150. No oluo, as yot, has besa ascertained of rob. bere.