The New York Herald Newspaper, March 27, 1848, Page 2

x2 YORK MERALD. aorth-west Coruer of Fulton and Nassan sts. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIBTOR, DAILY “HERALD— very er Cony —B? 2 Her anne Liat vcteribers, tit per annum, ta include the pa Gee Subscribers in South imerica and he West Indian Trlands will receive their papers by every vessel from this port. WEEKLY HERALD—Ew Saturds Mo cents per é- =83 12% per annum—in the United States. ‘eat the postage as well as in the English lon. the dé Fopean subscribers, £5 per annum, to inet Sn edition (in the’ Pren gucge,) will be pubsishe e day of the departure of Sach scomer for any port in Rurcpe, with intelligence sconiinent to the latest mo- vertisements received by Vivienne, Paris; monde, Mer. bookseller, Henrietta street, in foreign ports will receive their pa (Sunday included.) the United States. rom all parts of the Am tyti GC by every vessel dis Fo rect from New Yor! PREStURNTLAL HERALD—Every Tuesday—One Dollar for the Compaen. DVPERTISEMENTS (renewed ev. morning) at wonable prices; to be written tne ploin, lenvoe manner. opricter net responsi) ‘one manuscript, PRINTING of all binds executed beautefully and ith dera received at the Publication a, cor ner of Pulton and Nassau streets. of. RS by mail, for subecriptions, or with advertisements. to be post pot, or the postage wiil be de- ducter from the money rem: VOLUNTARY important news, solicited (rom a and if used will be liberally pei " NO NOTICE car. be taken of anonymous communica tions. Whatever is intended fur insertion must be authen- ticated by the name and address of the writer; not necessa- +: fy for publication. bul aga guaranty of his good faith. We cannot weder urn rejected cammunications ALL PAYME} de inadvance ———— ae AMUSEMENTS TH ENING. BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery —Tue WHiTEpove oF Tugtanp—Ivsurnection oF Ponies CHATHAM THEATRE, Chothom. street-—Womar— Box, Cox ano Ksox—friurr or The WATsRS. HANICS’ HALL. Droad-vay, near Broome—Canrs oa gehen cars cpl Srverve, Ecacesqua Dan- cre, &e. CONVENTION HALL, Wooster street, near Bleecker.— Ersiortan Sinoine, &o. PANORAMA HALL, Broadway, near Houstom street — Banxvano’s Pavonama oF THE Mississirrt. Coe ROOM, Broadway.—Nsoro Minstretsey, quarter of the world— BROADWAY ODEON, Broadway.—Sex1o Comic Pio- Tunrs, Danctno ke =a New York, Monday, March 27. 1848 —= ———— — Ctreulation of the Herald. March 26, Sunday. ose sees eee eee oe + «15,260 copies. Agsreg eoeel44 960 Aggregate issue week before.... 141969 Increase last week... eae soon Tucrease previous week. . «. 446 nercese in two woekR. ... 7416 2 of Daily, Sunday, Weekly ‘So ...52,243 he peblication of the Herald commenced yesterday mort ing at 10 minutes before 8 o’cloek, and finished at 20 minutes psst 7 o’olock. News from Franee. The arrival of the Caledonia at Boston, is looked for with the greatest anxiety. She is now in her sixteenth day, and her news may be received atany moment. It will be issued in an Exira Heravp in half an hour efter it reaches us. France and her Condition We give in our columns to-day, some very curious extracts from a brochure published a few months ago, entitled ‘France, Exposed and Con- sidered in its Principles, Workings and Re- sults,” and supposed to have been written by a former private secretary of Louis Philippe him- self. This gives a correct analysis of the French nation— the exact position of the government and the Chambers, and also of the public depart- ments—all very important to every person who is endeavoring to form an opinion of the success of France, should she adept a republican form of government, as a consequence of the recent revolution. We are in daily expectation of re- ceiving intelligence by the next steamer, con- veying to us the fact of an attempt to establish @ republic in France; and the general opinion is, that a republic will be attempted, uniess some extraordinary counter revolution shovld take place, originating in the majority of the members of the Chamber of Deputies, andtheir friends, in some mode yet to be ascertained. Perhaps Louis Philippe, when he made his escepe from Faris, may have intended to place himselt at the head of the army outside the metropolis, and to take the command of the fortifications which surround Paris, end then to starve the Parisians out by time. Buteven the establishment of a republic in France, without reference to foreign powers, is more a question of excitement and experiment than of factand certainty. There is more repub liecan sentiment among the French people than republican fact or habits. Some of our contem- poraries, with a mixture of easy assurance and ignorance, still imagine that the recent revolu- tion was ‘‘accidenta!l,” while they yet believe that the French people will carry into operation peaceiully, a republican form of government The two ides are not very compatible, nor will they be admitted to be so by those acquainted with the factse—by those who understand that peo- ple, have seen them in their own homes, and have compared them with society in different parts of Europe and in this country. The recent revolution in France, sooner or la- ter, could have been easily anticipated by the most obtuse thinker. We merely predicted it, when any one, with common observation, could have done the same. culstion. During the summer of 1846, we travelled lei- surely over France, the Netherlands, Germany and Italy. During all that space of time, France rested in profound quiet—the people of Paris, | where the recent revolution originated, were more engaged in gazing at theatrical exhibitions, orin reading the popular novels of Dumas and Sue, than in political topics. At that period, there was much more political excitement in Germany, Switzerland and [ta’ Throughout the German States, there was a strong «flerves- cence among the higher orders of political men, | which resulted afterwards in the consent of the King of Prussia to call the States of that kingdom together, for the first time, in compliance with a promise given at the close of the last general war in Evrope. In Switzerland, political excitement prevailed to a very remarkable degree; but it was confined within the limits of that country, and presented few phases beyond the boundary lines separating it from France, Germany and Italy. It was a mixed political excitement, growing out of religious feelings, connected more with opposition to the Jesuits than with any other sentimen!. In Berne, Freiburg, Geneva—wher- ever we visited—there wasa great deal of po- litical effervescence, and troops were marched and counte!-marched, growing out of the threatened secession of what was called the Sonderbond. In Geneva, affurs towards the close of the summer of 1846, beganto assume a different and excited aspect. The radicals, or republicans, began to agitate and hold meetings On one of those oceasions, there was a cclebra- tion of some political event held by the people of Geneva—a procession, an oration, and what not— which resembled, in a great degree, the cele- bratiens which we have in New York and other cites in the United States. Two weeks after that, the revolution took plaee in Geneva, and set aside the then existing government—a go- veroment which had reudered itself unpopular partly by aiding the Jesuit party, instead of going with the popular party. At this period, political affairs were uncom- monly tranquil in Paris and throughout France, asdequallysoinitaly. It was not until the death of the late Pope, and the secession of the present Pontiff, that popular feelings, and a desire for reform, began to make progress under the aus- pices of his Holiness. About that period, also, Louis Philippe accomplished his intrigue for the marriage of his son, the Duke of Mont- pensier, to the sister of the Queen of Spain—an event whieh created a great deal of d jac: tion in the British government, and changed en- tte, CORRESPONDENCE, containing | It was a problem of simple cal- | thre? the aspect of re countries, France and England. Lord Palmers- ton was then in power in England; and his head- strong disposition could not restrain itselt in con- sidering the conduct of the French king, and the French ministry, es most atrocious, insulting, and dishonest, towards the Britich government. Here was one of the first great errors commit- ted by Louis Philippe. For the advantege of his dynasty, and the benefit of marrying his son to @ princess in Spain, he hazarded the British alliance, and let loose on his heed the London press, which wields a tremendous power over the whole of European public opinion. After this event, the London jouraals, of all partiee, headed by the 7\imes, commenced that campaign of newspaper warfare against Louis Philippe which set in motion the political feelings of the whole continent. Within France, the newspapers were prevented from alluding, in any way, to the conduct of the king, or to any of | the royal family, by the laws of September, although they hed liberty to condemn the con- duct of the ministry, within a certain degree, or | rule of decorum. The English newspapers went futher; they assailed the king personally, developed the atrocious duplicity of his charac- ter, and told all Europe that he was violating the principles of a man, of a monarch, and of a statesman. The English journals could not be excluded from France ; they were alluded to by the French newspepers, and produced among all the factions of the French a sort of a political revival, within the Chambers and among the people. Much about the same time, the daily lite- rature of France assumed a remarkable change For many years previously, the French people hed read the trashy novels of Sue, Dumas, and other like writers of the day. The famous history of the consulate and the empire, commenced by Thiers, began to attract a great deal of attention, and yield much emolument to the writer. This drew some eble writers into the same field of | historical literature. Louis Blane, another lite- rary man, and also a repubiican, about the fall of 1846, commenced the republication of the first ven years’ history of the old revolution. This history was republican in the highest degree, had been previously published in 1840, and revived, in the minds of the present generation of French- men, the brilliant and magnificent characters and heroie deeds of that extraordinary period. It was read with avidity by all ranks of society. Lamartine, the famous poet, directed his atten- tion to the same path of literature. He com- menced the publication of his history of the Girondists, which created equal excitement among all classes of the French people, and commanded the attention of all Europe. Betore a week had elapsed, the first volume was trans- lated into English and other European Jan- guages, and read by all classes and all tongues in Europe. But above and beyond the legitimate histories of these periods, written by such dis- tinguished literary men, we were much aston- ished, during our residence in Paris, to find that they excavated from the old libraries, the Moni- teur newspaper, published during the days o! the old revolution, and actually republished its columns, in pamphlets and sheets, and sold them | in Paris, as we find the Extra Herald or new novels sold in the streets of New York. The taste of the populace of Paris, by these efforts, was turned into a new direction. They dwelt over and contemplated the events of the old revolution—read the newspapers, and became more or less a kind of sentimental politicians, | or political poets of the day. To add addition- al intensity to this state of the public mind, | the ministry of Guizot was assailed in every possible way, by every fragment of the opposi- tion, republican or legitimist. But on the Montpensier marriege, Guizot was eble, by arousing the feelings of France against Eng- land, to sustain himself in the Chambers, and yet a hollow support for his ministry, baseless, as | the resu't has shown. In the meantime, and | during this position of the public mind, the | Cubieres affair came forth and covered the mi- | nistry with odium, by showing that the govern- | ment was truly and systematically corrupt. | The atrocities of these developements were fol- | lowed immediately by the Praslin murder, which | clung still nearer to the courtof Louis Philippe, | and to the system which he had established tor | the government of the kingdom. All these strange and wonderful developements, | combined with the recollection of the old revolu- tion, tended to unite the whole body of the French people in utter homor to the system of govern- | ment established by Louis Philippe, and carried on by Guizot. On former occasions, in the Chamber of Deputies, and out of it, no combi- nation could be effected between the different | sections of the opposition; and the same thing | was observable in the opposition newspapers published in Paris, and throughout the depart- meats. In the Chambers, there was the republi- can opposition, or the extreme gauche—the legiti- | mists, or extreme droit—and also the opposition, | conducted by Thiers, which were in favor of the | dynasty of Louis Philippe, but opposed tothe | ministry of Guizot. All these factions had al ways acted separately, until the French people | had become excited by the recollection of the | old revolution, brought before them in conse- quence of the publications of Louis Blane, La- | martine, and the old Moniteur, and now direct- | ed, held up, and concentrated by the terrible | atrocities developed in the corrupt system of those | men whe managed the government of France. | It was during this state of thinge—this state of | the public miad, under all these ix fluences, ex- | citing the imaginations of the French people— thatin the spring of 1847, some of their leaders | projected the holding of a reform banquet at the | Chateau Rouge, we think, and this hvs led to all | the recent events that have resuited in the revo- | Jution, and the expulsion of Louis Philippe from | his throne, | The French people have never exhibited those | political habits, and management of public af- | fairs, which seem to be part of the English and | American character. As soon as they have ec- | complished a revolution, changed a dynasty, or | established a new government, they have gene- | rally abandoned the work, and given themselves | up to rejoicing and amusement, and allowed the | pew government to pursue its own course, with- | outeny restraint, let, orhindrance. Oa the con- trary, in Eogland andin the United States, the | establishment of a new government, ora new | ministry, also brings into action a new opposi- | tron, which watches all their steps from the first | moment they take hold of public affairs. The | attempt of the people of France to getup a se- ries of banquets was, therefore, their first at- | tempt to adopt political action, which has here- | tofore served greatly to bring about, gradually, | reform in England and in the United States. | The first bonquet was held in the Chateau Rouge, | in Paris. Ttereated some little attention at first; | but nota greatdeal. The republicans were the eaders in this movement, and the great politi- cal excitement which grew out of this state of things, on account of the conduct of the French | government, we have already described. The | king’s health was drunk at these banquets when they were first started. Gradually, these ban- | quets were held im the provinces, and during | | last summer the king’s health was dropped. The | oppocition was getting stronger, the popular sympathy more excited, and the matter was growing and growing, until it became so formi- dable that the government became frightened When they attempted to hold another banquet in Paris the government forbid it, and the result ations between thetwo | events in France, with some glances to Those elsewhere in Europe, whieh have graddally brought about the recent revolution in Paris. Every one acquainted with the nature of the French people, or of human character, must have come to the same conclusion that we have frequently come to during the last few months The princip'es, literature, and peculiar social habits of the French people, have brought about the union and fraternization which were exhibi- ted between the troops of the line, the National Guards and the people of Paris, in the recent three days. Yet, althoughit is probable that an attempt will be made to establish a republic, the success of sucha form of government, if they imitate that of the United States, is very ques- tionable, without some happy and unlooked for circumstances in their favor. Who will be their Washington? It 1s easy to find a Napoleon—but who will be their Washington ? From the accounts we have published, it is very evident that out of Paris, and out of the other lurge cities of France, the people are ex- tremely ignorant, and almost incapable of form- ing any judgment on political matters, or any ccrrect opinion on public ffairs Evenin the United States, the whole suceess of our system of government has arisen from the happy divi- sion of the people throughout the Union, into two large and intelligent parties, almost nu- mercially equal to each other. Our consti- tution distributes the government into the Executive, the Senate, and the House of Rep- Tesentatives, elected for different periods of time, and by a different system, but all origina- ting with the people. This is the mere paper system of our government. It is all fancy—it is not fact. Our real system of government, like the system of nature, is founded on two principles, act- ing on each other; two intelligent maeses of the people acting against each other, reasoning, talk- ing and voting against each other, for public men representirg public measures, and one of them succeeding while the other is defeated. The party in power is not more an element in the go- vernment than the party out of power, or the op- position. Like the two forces in electricity—the positive and the negative—the democratic and the whig parties are really and truly the consti- tuent elements of our government. They act, it is true, through the executive, Senate, and House of Representatives ; but these latter are merely nominal divisions, and not real. These two principles, or the two parties in action, produce in the House of Representatives a majority for a certain act, as they do also in the Senate—and the executive merely carries those acts into exe- cution. But to carry on such a government requires a comparatively intelligent people, acquainted with politioal ideas and political systems; knowing their own rights, and understanding the rights of others. Weare much afraid that the French people want all this previous knowledge and in- telligence. Even the establishment ot a republic will take some time before the whole mass of the people can be thrown into two parties, acting constitutionally, without émeutes, or attempts at revolution by the minority, when the majority displeases them. Inthe American system, we know, that from the Presidency of Washington to that of Jefferson, extraordinary political excitement prevailed in the country, and even after that time. During the whole of this period, the popular elements of our go- vernment were adjusting themselves to the new mode of republican action. They had to pass through many trying seasons, and many years of excitement. While the French are atttempting to accomplish this, they may be assailed by the monarchies around them, as they were in the old revolution; and then the attempts to establish a republic may be overcome by the necessity of an energetic single handed power, capable of repelling the aggressors. This will breed another Napoleon. We really and truly hope that we may be dis- appointed; but we fear the worst. The French reople are, no doubt, more intelligent, and better acquainted with political habits and political rights, than they were fifty years ago; but there is a great deal of ignorance yet in that country. Even among the intelligent. classes, political knowledge, like that in Lamartine’s history of the Girondists, has more of poetry than of fact. Who will be their Washington? Who? Gan. Taytor anp Mr. Wenster.—A New Bedford paper states, on what it calls good authority, that Mr. Webster and his friends are hostile to the nomination of Gen. Taylor as a candidate for the Presidency, by the whig na- tional convention. This is very probable; and it derives additional probability from the posi- tion recently assumed by Mr. Webster in regard to the treaty of peace with Mexico, and against the acquisition of territory. It is very well known that Gen. Taylor was in favor of retain- ing all the territory he conquered in Mexico, as faras the Sierra M:dre; and it seems that Mr. Webster, Mr. Clay, and other leading whigg, are determined to maintain the no-acquisition prin- ciple. The friends of Gen. Taylor, however, in the South and South-West, will go for the acquisition of territory; and the consequence may be a very serious breach in the whig con- vention, on this point. The policy of our go- vernment acquiring as much territory as possible —as witnessed in the acquisition ot Florida, Louisiana and Oregon—has always been popu- lar; end why should we refuse California, with its beautiful and commodious harbor? or New Mexico, with its gold mines, besides giving us aroed to Oregon? This may lead to very seri- ous consequence the whig party. Angie Specian Justices to ne Evectepi— The billauthorizing the election of twelve spe- cial justices for the city and county of New York, to take place at the present charter elec- tion, on the second Tuesday of next month, has passed the House, and is now before the Senate; and that body have very judiciously referred the same to a committee of three—Messrs. Johnson, Frost, and Hawiey—to amend and report accord- ingly, on Tuesday next The provisions ot this bill, as we are informed, are very imperfect, making no provision for the organization or management of such courts, nor do they abolish the present ones; but endea- vor to throw the whole city in confusion by the election of twelve inexperienced men, merely to gratify some party politicians. The grand movers in this bill are some one or two, who expect to be elected from some of the up-town districts; therefore, it is an ‘object to them that the bill should become a law, as they go into oflice the second Tuestay in May next. For the election, the city is divided into six districts. The first district embraces the Ist, 2d, 31, and 5:h wards ; second district—4th, 6:h and 14h waads; third district—sih and %h wards; fourth dietrict—7th, 11th and 13th wards; fiith district—10th, 16th and 17th wards; sixth district—12:h, 16th and 18th wards. Three jus- tices for civil business will be elected in the first district, and the other three by the other five districts. The special justices for the crimi- nal courts, (one in each district) will be elected ; and the clerks for such courts will be appointed by the present Common Council, all of whom wili hold their office for four years. ‘The sudden manner in which this bill has fall- en upon the people gives no time for t e selec- tion of suitable candidates to fill the responsible situations to which they will be elected. We | trust that the Senate will ponder and consider before passing & measure that will throw the is before us. criminal, as well as the ward courts, into com- This is @ correct and simple history of the | plete confusion. Card of Thanks to President Poll We cannot be silent any longer. Our je ful feelings will explode, unless we can give them vent. Fora long time past, we have had the honor of publishing important documents— correspondence—papers, and news, connected with the relations between Mexico and the Uni- ted States—without our knowing the source from which it all emanated, or to whose kind- ness we were indebted for them. We now un- derstand, from certain signs in the heavens above, and on theearth below, that these favors have been conferred upon us by the President of the United States—His Excellency, James K Polk—his motive being, to spread before the world—at once and forever—high matters of pub- lic consideration, which could not be effected by digging a grave, and burying them in his or- gan at Washington—conducted by the venerable Mr. Ritchie. We, therefore, return our sincere and grateful thanks to his Excellency, for having vouchsafed to confer on us so many favors. Our heart trem- bles with gratitude; but our hand is firm in maintaining still our neutrality, doing justice to him and the opposition, according as they merit and deserve it. As heretofore, so will we do herealter—endeavor to give the earliest intelligence to the public, of all great matters, whether they are private, secret, confidential, or otherwise. Some have supposed that the New York Herald was the chosen organ of the Presi dent. It may be Sg asan organ for communi- cating important matters to the world, but not as an organ obliged to brush up his character, to connive at his defects, to minister to his vanity, or even to support his election, unless there is sound reason for doing so. His organ in this latter respect, is the Union, at Washington, which is capable of nothing else, in its ordinary vocation, than that of indiscriminate puffing. In expressing our thanks to the Executive, we must not omit the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives. To these respected bodies we owe nothing‘in the shape of favor; but they owe us much for the correct and graphic reports which we have given of their proceedings. If they were to appropriate two or three valleys in Cali- foraia, with a gold mine, and one of the big mountains in New Mexico, for our benefit ex- clusively, we would not be overpaid; and in spite of the bad character given of this acquisi- tion, by Mr. Webster, we would take a few of the mines, and the mountain, and the valleys of these extensive regions, without any objection whatever, for our indefatigable services. Mean- while, we tender our card to President Polk. From rue Barris West Inpixs.—The schoon- er Globe, Captain Seely, arrived yesterday from Demerara, brings us files of the Antigua Observer and Royal Gazette, published at Demerara. At Antigua, on the 17th ult , the weather was very dry, and rain much wanted. Several es- tates had commenced taking off the new crop of sugar. Dr. Bonyun, the Commissioner appointed to visit and report upon the condition of the various descriptions of immigrants, located on the seve- ral cultivated estates in Demerara, calculates that of fifteen thousand Maderian emigrants intro- duced into that colony at the public expense, nearly one half have been swept away by dis- ease incidental to the climate. We find noth'ng inthe Demerara papers worth copying. Cociipeg, THz Mugpgrrk —This miscreant, who has been indicted and tried for the premedi- tated murder of a man named Matthews, in cold blood, has been found guilty and sentenced to be hanged, one year hence. His executicn weuld doubtless have been fixed for an earlier day, but that there is a law in the State of Maine provid- ing a year’s grace, to give opportunity to the cul- prit to gather evidence to prove his innocence, in case of his wrongful conviction. We hope and trust that no clemency will be shown to this monster, but that he will be made to suffer the penalty of his crime, which was one of the most horrible and brutal murders that we ever heard of. ‘Theatrical and Musical. ‘Tue [ravian Orena.—The Italisn Opera opens again to-night, and, probably, will be well attended during the season. The riversare now open, the spring is upon us, and all the fashionable people—visiters, strangers, and well dressed citizens—will be on the qui vive to visit the Italian Opera. The committee promise to conduct themselves with due regard to the interests, accommo- dation and gratification of the public; and we may, therefore, expect some excellent times on the revival o! the Opera. During the performances of the company in Philadelphia, on the occasion of the benefit of Signor Benedetti, every available place of accommco- dation was occupied, and some of the papers de- soribe the scene as a lovely and enchanting sight.— One of the critics thus speaks of the galaxy of female loveliness presented by the parquette and boxes :— “The blending of # thousand delicate shades of dress. the presenceof so many of those provokingly coquettish, tipped opera cloaks, the elegant, massive multi- ouquets the glor hite hands that so proudly wore them, the flashing eyes outrivaliing the glittering Drilliante of their owners, formed altogether . jrous aggregation of entrancing incidents, whose memory will haunt the heart-chambers for years. Sig- nor Benedetti, the Jeneficiore, after all the triumphs he has accomplished every where, exhibited no indications of having been spoiled by the lavish praises of his innu- merable admirers. Ho was all himself, and sang with » fire and feeling certaioly never surpassed by any tenor whom we in this country have had the pleasure of hear- ing. Ho may well be proud of the cordial enthusiasm that applaudeu him so una i It seemed as if there were not that could withhold from versal sentiment of Dome, * * ng the spontaneous, uni- » to bis truly great talents, At the close of the cecond act, when Benedetti appeared with Troufft, before the curtain, bouquets were showered down, and # beautifal wreath of lourel, and another of ‘were gracefully thrown upon the Signorina red the wreaths, and encii of Benedetti with the laurel wreath, whict he mod declined in her favor, whilst she as gracefully refused, | and crowded into his hands the remainder of the store of flowery favors. This neat and rimpl« scene, #0 charac- teristic of that innate modesty of genuine talent, pro- duced an absolute whirlwind of applause. At the clese of the opera, Sig Benedetti came forward after long re- peated calle, and hanks to the audience in the following words ys and gentiemon, for your kind reception p! my sincere acknow- this great night’s n the second brow joatiy of ‘La Sonnambula.” Biscaceis executed the brilliant Rondo iy perfectly origi per: oni opinton, to that a any by univer<al singer who atl eee) itin America Her inimitable crescendo, and the silver, exquisite clearness of her up- notes, carried the whole house by storm. The ap- Prause co generously given to Truffl_was as lavishly be- stowed upon her, and we feel confident that both the pri jonne will remember with delight and gratifica- tion, their season of triumphs in Philadelphia. Bowsay Tueatae.—The “,Whileboys”’ had @ fine run Jast week, and fromthe great merits of the piece will doubtless long be retained on the Bowery stage ‘This eveniag it will be performed again, and alto a new piece founded on the late events in France. From the universal interest which French affairs now abound in | the representation of the late stru, | very acceptable to the patrons of the Bi is got up in most superior style, dress whole affair will be both interesti: | expect there will be a crowded house this | CHatuam Tueatae.—The genteel and quiet way in which the manager of this house presents his entertain- | ments to the public. has secured him a very large patron | age. The company is excellent, the fitting up and ac- | eommodations of the houre firet rate, the performances | to match ‘This evening a new romantic drama, founded | on the German story of Undine, will be produced, with | se rand splendid reenery, dresser, Ko Mre.J- Booth and Mra. J.G. Jones are also orgaved, and will take prominent parin in it. Besides this piece, the faroes of * Woman’? and “ Box, Cox aud Knox” will be per- ‘With these atiractions, there is no doubt of formed euocess. Cunmry’s Minernxis.— These delightful singers cem- monce their twenty-sixth week at Mechanics’ Hall this evening. Their success has been unprecedented, and they have, or ought to have, beocme fixtures in New York. The people wen’t let thom go. dancing, &5., of thi js favorably ‘reooi neces, They havesome fine this week. of this place will Opron.—' mal reemaarpevOperatioas this wreiogwithe new species in action, dancing, singing, ke. s of entertainment, vis.: serio comie piotu: Co Room.—Negro minostrelsy forms the staple amusement here, TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, Although Sunday is ordinarily a day of com- parative rest and quiet to the telegrsphic opera- tora, yet we were yesterday, through their aid, placed in possession of intelligence from the war quarter of a highly exciting and interesting character. It seems that the indefatigable Gen. Lane has hada terrible conflict with a large party of Mexi- can lancers, which, although attended with but trifling loes to our troops, nevertheless resulted most fatally to the enemy. This encounter does not seem to have been a mere guerilla affair; and from the character of the enemy’s troops engaged on the occasion, jt would appear that the Mexicans themselves are not much disposed to observe the armistice which, we are inform- ed, has been agreed upon. Santa Anna had received his passports, under the presumption that he intended to leave the country ; but it seems that instead of doing so, he has placed himself at the head of a large body of troops—and may yet afford los Vankis an opportunity to obtain a little more glory. The progpects of the meeting of the Mexican Congress were as unpromising as ever. Some difficulty had occurred in the city of Mexico, relative to the collection of taxes—for particulars of which, together with other matters of interest, we refer to the despatches below. HIGHLY EXCITING FROM. MEXICO, THORRIBLE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE AMERICANS, UNDER GENERAL LANP, AND THREE HUNDRED MEXICAN LANCERS. One-Third of the Mexicans Killed, FIFTY PRISONERS TAKEN. AFFAIRS IN THE CITY OF MEXICO. The Armistice---The Mexican Congress. Santa Anna and Father Jarauta. &e. &e. &e, ‘ X Avausta, Ga., March 26, 1848. Intelligence to the 20th inst., of a highly in- teresting character, has been received from New Orleans, via the overland express. s The steamship Massachusetts, and ship Dan- vers, from Vera Cruz, had arrived, with advices to 12th inst. General Lane and troops left the capital on the 17th inst., and on the fourth day arrived at Se- queltaplan. Before arriving there, however, in- ormation reached him that a body ot 300 lancers was awaiting their arrival to attack them. They arrived at the edge of the town without opposition, but when passing the first house, were suddenly assailed with a terrible volley. . The enemy, from escopete batteries on the in- side, suppoeed they could gain an easy victory. The doors of the first house were, however, burst ina bwinkting, and all the assailants foun within were killed. The same was the case with the next house. ‘ # ‘The Americans determined to drive the enemy from their defences. y House after house was taken by a sanguinary struggie, until at last the town was cleared. Not satisfied with the result, the lancers col- lected a large body outside the town,where thev were attacked by Gen. Lane and Col. Hays, who cut them up in a terrible manner. ‘ One hundred of the enemy were killed, and but one American killed and four wounded. Fifty prisoners were taken, among them Lieut. Col. Montanee and Captain Montanee, his son, and Lieut. Martiney. Father Jarauta escaped. {t is rumored that Generals Pillow and Worth are restored to their commands. The debarkation cf our troops was celebrated on the 9th. ‘ a 4 An armistice was signed, stipulating that, the Americans should not occupy any part of the country not at present in their hands. The collection of taxes had been suspended. except those on gaming houses, liquor shops, an places of amusement. b When elections are held in any place occupied by the Americans, the latter are to withdraw trom such place until the election is over. : There are also a number of other articles, giv- ing to the Mexicans almost the entire right to the government. : é _ Some difficulty had arisen at the capital rela- tive to suspending the collection of taxes for four days, until the armistice could be concluded. All the members of the Ayuntamiento sent in their resignations, and the Archbishop of the capital presented a written protest against the heavy assessment on church property. Advices had been received from Queretaro, stating that the Congress was slow in coming together—only twenty-one members being pre- sent atthe last meeting. A court martial had been convened by General Worth. Santa Annaisat Tehaun. On the 12th, go- vernment gave him a paesport,supposing it to be his intention to leave the country; but in thishe acted with his accustomed duplicity, his object being to put himself at the head of a large body of troops. Appointments by the President. Wasnineton, March 26, 1848. The Senate yesterday confirmed the Cea ment of anumber of naval officers. Ogden as captain, Benham as commander of the sloop-ot- war Preble; Hugar, Lieut. of marine corp Russell, Ist Lieut; Strickland, 2d Lieut.; Chief Engineers in the navy, Henry, Hunt, and Dan- iel; Marten as navy agent at New Orleans; Ben- nett as land officer; Whitehurst, receiver of pub- lie moneys at Washington, Miss ; Whiting, re- aister in land office at Tuscaloosa, Ala ; and Howsee,register in land office at Augusta, Miss., are re-appointed. The Secretary of the Navy has examined, and passed as qualified, Second As- sistaat Engineers Williams and Holland; Third Assistants, Kilpatrick, Lawton, Stewart and Maury. is A Pardon and an Arrest. PuitapEtrura, March 26, 1848. Major Daniels, convicted some time since of obtaining goods under false pretences, has been pardoned by Governor Shunk. John Hoffman was arrested yesterday on _eus- Ppicion of being concerned in robbing the Presi- dent of the Chester Bank. He had passed seve- ral notes of the old issue "Markets, New Onceans, Maroh 20 —Cotton—Inaotive, fair 77¢ a8}<o. Sugar—Two hundred hogabeads, inside rates Molasses—-No change. Flour—Dull. Freighte—No- thing. Exchange—No alteration. Shipping In Cuarteston, March 25—Below, ilton, from New once. ip South Carolina, Harc- Tux Sprinc.—The spring is now fairly open- ing on us with all its beauty, fully three weeks before the usual time. The Hudson river ia navigable to Albany, in advance of the regular season, and the weather is more bland and beau- tiful than we have ever seen it in the United States at this time of the year. It is really more beautiful than it is in Italy, and the ladies seem | to appreciate it fully. Crowds upon crowds of them take daily promenades in Broadway, in greater numbers, and more splendidly dreesed, than the promenaders of London or Paris Al- ready there isa great necession to our popula- tion from all parts of the country, and the hotels are filling up. This is the season for purchas- ing the epring fashions, and our fashionable dry goods stores have as much business as they can attend to. Among the beautiful dry goods atores, Beck’s in Broadway, stands proudly con- spicuous, especially for its splendid and costly assortment. It is not eo extensive as Stewart's, but its stock is not to be excelled, if it can be equalled. Thisisthe time, too, for the theatres and other places of amusement to do a good bu- | siness, and also the season of the picture ex* bitions. The epring finds the United St* eg ina highly prosperous state. Every thing is going on favorably, and long may i* continue to do so. Common Councu, —Both branches of the Com- mon Council meet in their respective chambers this evening. Additional Particulars of the Terrihie Ship> Weeoks on the Coast of Neva Scotia, The brief telegraphic report of the loss of the Omega and the Barbara, published yesterday, caused much anxiety among a great portion of the community. The Omega, as we have before stated, was from Liverpool, bound to this port, with 816 steerage passengers. When off the banks of Newfoundland, she became disabled—lost rud- der and saile, and was left beating about at the mercy of the waves, until the 13th of February, when the ship Aurora, Captain Scott, for S:. Johns, N. B, came in sight, which vessel re- mained by her until the next day, when 170 ot her passengers were received on board. The whole would have been taken en board the Aurora had not a gale sprung up and separated the vessels. The Omega was subsequently fallen in with by the brig Barbara, Capt. Skinner, who took off all but thirty of the crew and passengers; but, asin the former instance, a gale sprung up, and the Barbara was forced to part company with the Omega, which latter vessel was soon after boarded by the Highland Mary, and those on board rescued and brought to this city. The Barbara, after parting with the O, bore away for Newfoundland, and as we have already stated, stove h-r bows ona cliff, near St. John’s, and went down, carrying with her 1165 souls, all of whom, it is stated, might have been saved, had the commander of the Hibernia been a man. Captain Skianer, of the ill-fated Barbara, threw overboard a great portion of his cargo, to afford the people he took from the Omega, room below decks. His conduct, as well as that of Captain Scott, of the Aurora, was generous, and truly noble. We regret to add, that the noble-heart- ed sailor fell a victim to his humanity. He was among those that went down with the brig. The inhuman conduct attributed in the reports, to Neil Shannon, commander of the British steamer Hibernia, is so foreign to all principles of humanity and civilization, that many are dis- posed, having a better opinion of human nature, to treat the statement as being incorrect. ¥ The Aurora arrived at Halifax on the 18th in- stant, with seventy-three of the passengers res- cued; thirty-three were landed at Canso, the remainder, about sixty, having died since she received them. Captain Scott received much attention from the authorities, and the various benewolent societies, and from the surviving passengers, for his extreme kindness to the un- fortunate emigrants. | The following portion of the log of the Aurora will be found of much interest, as it gives the names of those who died on board. Saturday, 12th Feb , lat. 42 20,long. 63 48, at A.M. saw a ship on the larboard bow; bore down towards her, found her to be the Omega, from Liverpocl, G. B , bound. to New York, with emigrants, with loss of rudder, main- topmast, and fereyard. Supplied her with a spare one coll’ 3%. Incl ropeabent 1 cwt. iron, belts, 4 neal planks. absut 20 lbs spike nai Sunday, Fob. 18, P, M.—Moderate breezes and cloudy. Lald to by the ship a night, as the captain of her wiabed to send some pansengers on they wore in dis: trees. At @ PM , moderate westher—midnight, tacked occasionally; at 4’A M., wore ship and stood towards the Omega; at 8 A. M., the ohfef mate and boat’s crew brought ten passengers on beard, and said the a was making water fast, and thay afraid she would go down. By noon received 110 passengers. Monday, 14, wind North.—Thia day begins with in. ereasing breeze, and cloudy; people ewployed receiving passergersfromthe Omega. Isaac Simon, chief officer, and Rebert Dixon, John Wood, George Pearce, and John Henry Robinson velunteer to assist in transporting the passengers. and going to the Omega; the boat capsized, and four others belonging to the Omega, besides those Py ished. AtG A. M.,close reefed beth top- ‘hip and took in wns idnight, wore ship, took in in-trysall; 4A M., biowirg a torm; at G,asbiftof wind from theS W.— il in search of the Omega; 8 A. M.,stormy wea ther; noon, more moderate and cloudy—mustered the people saved from the ship—total, 170 persons. Feb 15 —Served out to each person on board % Ib. biecuit and 3 pint of water, morning amd night. Wind variable— noon, more moderate. Feb. 16 —Served out ditto. A child named Hugh Sands died. 20.— Ditto, a perfect hurricane—a child named John Carrigan died 21 —Ditto ditto, giving the females addition of some tea; and the males, some oatmeal; John Conner, aged 40 years, and Jane Corrigan [child] died. a —Mary Corrigan «nd ignatius Mourn (children) ed. 26.—Margeret Gibbous died ple —Baptised and christened an infant, John Scott emont 29 —Martin Crowe, died, aged about 68 or 70 years. At®am,saw a bark end wanted her to assist os by supplying us with provisions, but the Turk never at- tended to our eignal of distress. March 1.—Reduced the passengers allowance of water (o one wine glass—Mary Fitzpatrick died. 3—At 8 am, saw @ vessel and hoisted the ensign, union down, at the mast-head, but regarded us not—a msn named Martin Crowe died, eged 35 yeers. 4—Mra. Mc 2wia died, 3 orphan children died. 6—Catberine O’Here and James O'Hare, her hus- band, and a boy [01 ily] died. 7. —Shi pl jolid mass of ice. pe C: 10.—John Barrigan, and four others, names ucknown, died. Paseed a desl of ice— thick foggy weather; hauled — ship off shore—caught about gallons of fresh water. 11.—Saw the land abroast of Cano, At 10 saw Canso Light—65 children and 2 women died—endeavored to enchor, but could not succeed. 12.~4 p.m., saw a small schooner standing in towards tho land. No bread or flour on board— 5 deaths (Robert Pendesgrars aud John Barrigan, and three others, nemes unknown } 13 —At 10 P. M., saw Congo Light; at 4.A. M. a shift of the wind to the 8,8. W.; run for Canso; at8 A M, came to in 10 fms. of water. Canso Light 5 E., distant one mile; got 2 bbls, biscuit, ditto flour, 1 ditto oat- meal, and 2 barrels of water. One child anda woman, named Mergaret Crowe, died. 14—Captain went to the magistrate at Canso, rho de- sired him not to land the passengers, as there was neith- +r bouse or provisions in the place for many; got 2 bbis bread and 1 sheep, 4 bbls water—Jane Crowe, sister of Margaret Crowe, died. 15—Attempted to get the vessel under weigh for Heli- of the passengers tushed on deck, fax, at which sever: and commenced to put out the boats to be landed— consequently put 34 ashore,purcbared 2 bbls bread, 1 bri flour, 20 bb's water—Jobn Muli; and his child aied. 16—A young woman named Barrigan died. also John eed and William Lefly Sperce—at 4 p. m. got under weigh. Anotner Letrer From Onn Roven anp Reavy. —Another characteristic letter from General Taylor is given in the Herald of this morning. It is on military matters, and was written to General Scott. It isa capital letter. Itis point- edand just, and is a striking instance of the capacity of Old Rough and Ready to write mili- tary despatches. On political matters he it, not so ready, but rough enough, Important From Cenrrar Aserica.—Deatit |or Parnick Watxer.—We learn from Mr. Thompson, passenger on board the schooner Hallowell, which arrived yesterday, from Biuc- field, C. A. that afew days previous to his de- parture, which was onthe 25th ult., Mr. Little and Mr. Hudson, the latter the commandant at Bluefield, had been taken prisoners by the Span- iards, and carried into the interior. Some of the English followed by the way of the river St. John Nicaregua, as far as Serapakey, where they were met by about sixty Spaniards, who fellupon them, In the melée, a number of the Spaniards, and four Englishmen were killed, and six wounded. It was known at Bluefield, that the prisoners were taken to Leon, and the pursuers still in chase, The Britistr steamer Vixen, was about to proceed up the river. The frigate Alarm was off the port. : , Patrick Walker, of the Musquito notoriety, avept to the Indian king, and Consul General for the British government, was drowued on the 10th February, in the river St. John, He was assenger on board of a bort, which came in col- titer with another, and is supposed to have been knocked overboard as the boats struck. ice Intelligence, Selling Obscene Books —OMoer Reeve, arrested on Saturday rnd Thomas Morrisey, on ao cha and prints, on the ateps of t ken before Justios Osbors of the 3. war boy by ths mame f Rolling Ovncene ‘yooks stor House. Fy wan ta, nd committee ‘Jor trtal OPO CP se 2d ward, a rented on Satues AH WY a, onence Pike. rick Goodwin, one benoh ware a, wryeun” ie ands churged with embezaiing pre~ erty from Jobn Key. ee gion of Gard Le eony Omer Gardner, of the seteets eae nen) cerday morning, two black women, Vente Sethe ateef Klizsbath end Ann Clark, sere wear employ of Sarsh Denny, from whom they | Above wid with stealing @lotof wearing epparel, valued | 28°" oe $59 Justios Osborne locked them both up fora var her bearing Dishonest Servant.—-Oficers Mansfield and Cregler, of the 17th ward, lart evening arrested o girl numed Mar- Garet Gilbert, on a charge of having stolen a bag contain- ing $700 in gold and pilver coin, belonging to a widow lady by the name of Idley, who renides at the corner of Prinee and Mott streets. The acowsed had been in tho employ of Mrs. Idley aa domestic, and recently left her Hituation very Frere. and, os it je all carried off the money, whi mised shortly altor she had taken her departure. accused was locked up fer \ examination,