The New York Herald Newspaper, February 5, 1848, Page 2

JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIBTOR. ‘ ae " , (Sunday inelud BAILE HERALD —Every day, (Sonden egies 2 cents per ¢ 7 25 per annum—ii ‘ Evsropean subscribers, Git per annum, fo incitide the 0% ‘SP SEKLY HERALDEvery Saturdeytd conte fhe kT io incl fe the postage he aay ef the departure An edition will be publishe af each steamer, with inte ontixent to the lat {moment Subscriptions P.L Dollar for the C ADVERTISEMENTS (new every morning) at rea- for errors in manuscript. ecuted beavtsfully and with the Pub rhe proprietor, ot reEpom. eed): ING of ali kinds deepatch. Urders rece wei ulton and Nassau advertizements, to be post pazd, or the postage will be de- ducted from the money remiticd VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing smportani news, solicited frem awy quarter of the world— end if used, yrilbde Wreratly paid 7 NO NOTICE can be taken of anonymous communice Hons. Whatever is intended for insertion must be authent eated by the name and address of the writer ; not necessa- wily for pudiication, brut asa guaranty af his good faith. We cennet underiake to retur ny ejected communs cations. AVL PAVMENTS to be mote on advance — = ae AMUSEMENTS THIS RY ENIN Sands Lent’ & Amrnicay feats. Two performances, at 2) end BOWERY THEATRE, bowery—Wrip Oars—Cum- paren Iv THE Woob—T'ar Beacon oF DeatH. CHATHAM THEAT Chatham street.~Suppen Trovonts—Trxas Hangers, Or, The Elephant in Mexico Acres ve Vere. PALMO’S OPERA HOUSE, Chambers street—Sanie Brotuess—Mover Ar 8. BROADWAY ODEON. Broadway.—Comic Sino1xo, &o—Mopen ARTIS:S PANORAMA SALL, Broadway, nen: Nowstoe st — Bae wann’s PanonaMa oF THe Mississipi. Two exhibicions, at 3 and7 P.M MECHANIC'S HALL, Broadway, near Broome street.— Curisry’s Mewsreeic—Br niesoue asc se -RTHIOPIAN Binaine, xe Two performonces, at 8 and 8 P.M. CASTLE GARDEN.—Mrsperssonn’s Requiem. BROOKUYN—BPOOKLY N INSTITUTE. W street—Macompex TRot Pe ( oNCERT =— ———— New York, Saturday, February 5, 1848, ————_——— OG Advertisements received for one imsertion only The Elecirlc Telegraph, Our telegraphic reports to-day will be found of unusual interest. We have later advices from the city of Mexico, bringing rumors of peace and of an attempted insurrection in the capital. The peace rumors are based on the report that the Mexican Commissioners had submitted a plan of a treaty of peace, embracing the propo- salsof Mr. Trist at Tacubsaya. Itis stated that Mr. Trist, in consequence of his powers having been revoked, had despatched the propositions to Washington. From Washington, our Congressional reports would refer our readers. In the House, the most exciting event of the day was the reading ofa letter from Gen. Taylor, in reply to that of the of his celebrated letter to Gen. Gaines. This let- ter was elicited by resolutions of the House ing a message from the President and a report from the Secretary of War. The Secretary states that the letter of Gen. Taylor did not reach the Department until efter the adjournment of the last session of Congress. The Legislative reports, &c., will be found worthy of perusal. Our Relations with Mexico. Our relations with Mexico are in @ most ano- malous con That country is conquered— that country is in the possession of the Ameri- ean army. Peace hasbeen obtained for the last few months, by hard blows; but the future seems tobe dark and obscure. Rumors circulate every where, that the projet of a treaty has been agreed upon by General Scott and Mr. Trist, and thatit only requires the concurrence of the Mexican Congress at Queretaro, to enable the negotia- tors to send it to Washington. This rumor is followed by the fact, a curious fact, of an order issuing from the War Department, assembling a court of inquiry on General Scott himeelf, and others, and suspending him, of course, from the command ot the army, until the result of that court shall be ascertained. All these important rumors and facts are mixed up with the positionof the two parties at Washington, the preparations for the Presidential election next November, and the result of an ultimate and final appeal to the people on the whole of those questions, em- bracing also the annexation to the United States of Mexico, in whole or in part. It is difficult to ascertain the facts in some of these matters, but we shali try is, from information received by us, that Major General Scott, as Commander-in-chief of the American Army, has, availed himself of his po- sition to take some preliminary steps of negotia- tion in receiving a projet for a treaty, formed onthe basis of the instructions given to Mr. Trist last summer, when he was sent to Mexico. Mr. Trist may have concurred with General Scott in this movement, and at the last dates it was generally understood that the projet of a treaty oaly required the concurrence of the Mex- ican Congress, which were to assemble on the first of January last, at Queretaro, to decide on | the matter | one of the best houses in Paris for that descrip- Of this general fact there seems to be no doubt. | tion of goods. It is the only place where the It is also probable, according to all appearances, | English, French, and German nobility get such | that Genvral Scott has undertaken this mode of | articles of fashion. negotiating on his own responsibility, as com- | A traveller to Italy, when he gets to Genoa or | mauder in chief of the American army, without Turin, must, by all means, stop at the Hote! any special authority from the government at | Feder. Itis kept by the same person in both Washington. We know it to be a fact, that some | these large cities, and most admirably kept, too. time Jast autumn, one or more letters were writ- We have a great deal of information to give ten to General Scott, and concurred in by seve- | persons visiting Europe, which we shall follow ral distinguished politicians of the whig party, and some in the democratic party, being the friends of Mr. Van Buren, advising General Scott to take the responsibility of such negotia- tions, and thus to head off the President and the Cabinet, in making peace with Mexico, and then return to the United States with that treaty in his pocket. Whether Mr. Webster or his friends are mingled up in this private movement, we do not know, but it seems probable. It may be recollected that he took a similar course en the Oregon question. In that crisis, he wrote a very important private letter to Mr. MeGre- gor, the Secretary of the Board of Trade in London, requesting him to call on Lord Aberdeen,or Sir Robert Peel, and to represent to them the necessity of opening some kind of a negotiation for the settlement of the Oregon uestion, otherwise the two countries would be precipitated into the calamities of war, before they were aware of the condition of things This fact we learned last summer in London, and it was publicty stated by Mr. McGregor him- self, when he went as a candidate for the present Parliament, before his constituency in Glasgow From the success of this movement, in em- braci ne eettlement of the Oregon question, we would not be surprised if Mr. Webster were concerned more or Sin some movement of a like nature, having for its purpose an indirect negotiation with any authorities in Mexico, so as to bring about a settie t of our controversy with that country, before the next Presidential el on. Of cour neh rect mode of negotiation we with a great deal of care, and the , that the mede we have pointed out, in reference to General Seott | as the head of the American army, may have been that which was selected. We are perfectly puretha tters to that grave effect were written forthewest Corner of Fulton and Masa sis | igence from all parts of the | craiements recewed by Messrs. Qalignans, 18 Tue Pimemne, Perit Frome siert, Lenten’ | eral Scott from the command of the army, during PRESIDENTIAL HERALD—Kvery Tuesday—One | the sitting of the court. This suspension, of sonable prices; (ode writien ina plain, legible manner.— | sf licatton Office, cor- streets L LETTERS by maxi, for eubscraptions, or with | will be found highly interesting, to which we | Secretary of War, in relation to the publication | It} ‘was presented to that body yesterday, eccompany- | NEW YORK HERALD! ‘ por October lasi, abd forwarded to him through the highly respectable commercial house of Hargous & Co., of this city. | Now, with these views of the position ef mat- | ters between the two governments, we may be enabled to understand the meaning of the gen- eral order issued by Mr. Marcy, Secretary of War, published in our paper yesterday, conven- | ing a Court of Inquiry, at Perote, in Mexico, on | the thirteenth of this month, for the purpose of investigating, among other numerons thin; complaint presented by General Worth, a course, grows out of military rules; but the real | reason may be the belief on the part of the Presi- dent and his Cabinet, that General Scott was negotiating at the instigation of the opposition in this country, and on his own hook, contrary | to the wishes and purposes of the administra- | tion, who mean, most likely, to keep the ques- tion of peace with Mexico open, till after the next Presidential election. All negotiations will, of course, be arrested in mid career by the order of the Secretary of War, and, instead | of the whig party in this country heading off the | | President, by this indirect mode of negotiation, | the President and his Cabinet, will completely | head off the whig party, and compel them to meet an issue before the popular tribunal of this country at the next election, of the annexation | of the whole of Mexico or none. We do not believe, therefore, in the probability of there being any real peace soon, all rumors to the contrary notwithstanding. We are rather | disposed to think, that the President has made up | his mind to keep the question open, and in the po- sition in which itisat present, betweenthe two countries, till after the election. The administra- tion, with its candidate for the next Presidency, mean to go before the country on the important is- | sue of the whole of Mexico or none—they taking the whole, and /eaving the opposition, or the whig | party, to take the contrary ground. Now in this | issue, a new issue—an issue which sets aside | all other issues, and which, addressed to the en- | thusiasm, enterprise, and imagination of the | whole country, the probability is that the admin- | istration will again be sustained by the country by a large majority, in spite of all that can be | brought” against them by the oppesition. | Since the last Presidential election, nearly half a million of young Americans have arrived at twenty-one years of age, and will come into the | field as voters. About two hundred and filty thousand emigrants, from foreign countries, will | | also come into the field as naturalized citizens and voters Probably also half a million of old | | | | 1 Gils Advert In Consequence of the transfer, according 0 law, and under the solemnity of an oath, of the advertising ot the Post Office letters in this city from the New York Tribune to the New York Herald, arising from the greater circulation of the latter journal over the former, the proprietors | of the Tribune, Messrs. Gregiey and McEcratu, have assailed us in a most unusual style, attribu- ting to us acts, motives, and purposes of the most revolting and unworthy character. These charges are, at the same time, go ridiculous that General Scott, and, of course, suspending Gen- | none of them require particular notice or answer, except that one which relates to our circulation. As the statement of our circulation happens to be based upon the sanctity of an oath, the accu- sation against us this respect involves not only our own character, but also the characters of several respectable men who are in our employ- ment, Postmaster of this city, were prepared and sign- ed by us, including also the following persons, viz :—Samver M. Raymonp, foreman of the press room, and Tomas C. Krnesmit, sales- man, both in the Herald Office. Messrs. Gree- ley and McElrath, in the exuberance of their despair, have, in fact, charged what amounts te perjury, deliberate and wilful perjury, upon those two respectable persons who made the affidavits. Such an atrocious charge from such a source, can only receive one reply, and that is the adoption of a method to test the truth of the whole facts involved, by actions at law, beth civil and criminal. ‘We consequently give notice that Mr. Ray- mond, the foreman of this office, and Mr. Kings, mill, the salesman, both of whom made the affi- davits, and swore to them, will each commence a civil action against Messrs. Greeley and McEl- rath, and will also go before the Grand Jury and have them indicted for the purpoge of protecting their own characters, as well as of testing, by in- disputable evidence, the truth in relation to the circulation of the New York Herald. These actions will be begun immediately; but in the meantime, so far as relates to ourselves, andthe numerous charges made against us in the Tribune, we propose to them the following bet, the money of the loser to be applied to the public charities of New York. We offer to bet :— 1st. $100, That the circulation of the Herald in the first ward of this city. among the merchants, is greater than that of the Tribune 24 $100, That the circulation of the Herald in the Afesenth ward, which is inhabited by & majority of those who are whigs fermin; eof the most respectable Inhabitants of the city, s greater than that of the 7yi- une That our circulation im this city is greater voters, part belonging to the whig party, have died off; so that the constituency of the whole \ Union, during the present year, will be made up | of one fifth of new materials from what it was in 1844, and these materials will be much more likely to support the grand, magnificent and splen- did idea of annexing the whole of Mexico, than to go for a defensive line, or merely for the ac- | quisition of the barren territory of California, the position assumed by the whigs. From these views, facts, influences, and rea- sonings, it will be seen that every thing concern. | ing the action of Congress, and the election for | the next Presidency, are all mixed up together, and that things are shaping themselves to make the absorption of the whole of that beauti- | ful country the only issue on which parties will | be compelled to go into the next canvass. The singular movements of the War Department, and the remarkable order of Mr. Marcy, the eflect of which will be the immediate suspension of Ge- neral Scott, and the repudiation of all negotia- | tions either by him or Mr. Trist, show, in the strongest peint of view, that Mr. Polk, the ad- | ministration, and his party, are determined to | keep the question of peace with Mexico open, | and try the issue on the great question of the annexation of the whole or none of Mexico. Who may be the candidate is another mat- ter. Mr. Polk wants it on one side, and | probably may get it. Mr. Clay seems to have the ; best chance on the other side, but the General | issue of the present position of things and pros- | pects is, that we shall have no peace with Mexi- | co; no other peace than we now have there, by the presence of the American army, that Con- gress willbe compelled to raise money to keep the army there, and that the whole matter will be determined in the election in November next; and the chances certainly are in favor of the | party that will go for the annexation of the | whole of that magnificent republic to the United | States. | | | | Travenuers in Evrorr.—American travellers | visiting Europe are sometimes at a loss to select | purchase such things as they want. | The Hotel Maurice, and the Hotel des Princes are very well known, but there a number of very admirable private hotels are less known. | There is one, particularly, called the Hotel de | | Jolly, kept by Madame Bell, opposite the bavking house of Rothschilds, in Rue Laffitte, much frequented by literary men and some | Americans, presenting very fine society for those | who go to Paris for a first brush. | Aguin, ladies who want to purchase the real | Russian sables, or furs of any other description: will fiod Messrs. Humpf & Co., of Rue de la Paiz, | up at our leisure. ORGANIZATION OF THE TayLoR Party.—The Courier and Enquirer throws out an idea favor- | uble to the separate organization of the Taylor | 8rd $100, than that of the Tribune. 4th. $100, That the circulation of the Herald, in Brooklyn, is greater than that of the Tribune. Sth. $100, That the aggregate daily circulation of the Herald in greater than that of the Tribune, 6th $100. That the aggregate circulation of the New poe Herald is one third greater than that of the ribune 7th. $100, thet the aggregate circulation of the New York Herald ts twice as great as that of the Tri- une. Sth. That the aggregate daily circulation of the Her- ald is three times as great as that of the Tribune. We here offer to make these bets, to deposite the money in advance in the hands of his honor the Mayor of this city, the money of the loser to be appropriated to charitable purposes, and to settle the matter, both parties to bring evidence before three respectable individuals, selected by both parties, who shall determine the truth of the facts involved. We also offer the same bets to the proprietors of the True Sun and Morning Express, both of which journals are also put forward as having an equal, it not a greater cireulation than the New York Herald. The atrocious charge made against our foreman and salesman, amounting almost to perjury, shall be met, as we have already indicated, by imme- diate actions at law, both in the civil and cn- minal courts. Before this investigation termi- nates, we shall show that the reputation, charac- ter, morality, and real religion of the New York Herald, is as far before that of the Tribune as we are above them in circulation throughout the city, throughout the country, and throughout the whole civilized world. Opgra AND Fasnion.—The fun and excitement in the fashionable world increase every day and night. Some of the most amusing émeutes being among the vocalists and managers and critics of the opera. We have noticed the mutual arrest of Sanqui- tico and two of the artists in Boston, and we now find the distinguished critic of the Courier and Enquirer pronounces Benedetti, who has heretofore been considered the first artist in the troupe, “atrocious.” ‘ Atrocious!’? what has Benedetti done? or not done? The fun is in- creasing, but we shall wait a little before taking Our 6wn belief | hotels to stop at, or stores where they wish to | 4 part iu the game, and then settle the merits of some of the critics, artists, managers, and the claquers by wholesale. Another movement in the fashionable world is the remarkable increase of fashionable private fancy dress balls and masquerades. These take place, sometimes two and three a night, in the fashionable quarters of tne city up town. Why don’t the managers of the opera, or the subscri- bers, get up a masquerade within the limits of the law, or at least a fancy ball, for that may be legal? We are persuaded that one could be got up every week during the season, in the present rage for fancy balls and masquerades, among the highest and most fashionable society. The ar- tists, too, could be engaged to come in the bill room in some curious and interesting masques and some beautiful aria, or scena, from the operas ; not gratis, but to be paid for it in a regu- Jar way. Some of the most beautiful combinations of fancy balls and private masquerades could be made up at the Astor Opera. Why can’t it be done? Come, let’s us all enjoy ourselves—fight, quarrel, dispute, dance, flirt, any thing to pass away life vividly. Last night, ‘ Lucrezia Borgia” was played a fifth or sixth time, and to as fine a general house, considering the weather, as has been seen. Ben- party, distinct from the whigs or any other, and the propriety of electing a general committee for the city, and we suppose a general organization | for the State, too. | This undoubtedly would be the best policy. — The friends of General Taylor should hold a | meeting in every ward of the city, electa gene- | ral commitcee to meet in some central place, organize the whole city, prepare for the charter election with a separate ticket and separate or- ganization; call a State Convention to nominate an electoral ticket, and do everything else which a regularly organised party shoulddo. This is the best method of proceeding—unless it is done the old politicians of the whig party will easily whistle General Taylor out of the field, and carry the whole for Mr. Clay. Unaprroacnan.gs Mranness.—That most im- becile and contemptible paper, without circula- tion, and conducted by a person of the name of Hiram Fuller, who writes nonsense from Wash- | ington, alter accusing the reports of the Herald ot inaccuracy, has the meanness to steal those | reports, without giving credit for them. The respectable friends of General Taylor, in Wash- ington, and elsewhere, can make no headway in the old hero’s estimation, by countenancing | euch a man as the editor of that paper. We un- | derstand that Mr. Folsom, formerly elected to | the Senate of this State by the natives, is now the editor of it. | Marine Affairs. In consequence of the storm, the Caleb Grimsbew will not be launched until Monday next, edetti and Truffi still maintain their great popu- larity, and Madame Rossi hers, every time she appears. On Monday next, “Lucia di Lam- mermoor” with Benedetti and Biscaccianti for the principal characters, will draw a tremendous house. There will be some fun then among the crities, the claquers, the élite and every body. Tue Usury Laws.—The usury law of this State, as it at present stands, 1s odious, un- just and oppressive. The only object it accom- plishes is to screen the man devoid of honor and principle, and furnish him with a plea by which he can avoid his contracts according to law, There isa petition hanging in our office, pray- ing the Legislature to so amend this law, that loans contracted at a rate of intezest exceeding seven percent shall not be deemed void, but that the lender may recover them with that amount of interest. We invite the public to read and sign this petition, and hope that it will have the effect which it is designed to have, for it is full time that the present usury Jaw should be either amended or abolished eatirely. Later rrom Cuvna.—By the arrival of the | Louisiana, papers to the 19th ult. have been re- ceived at this office. rest in these papers. West’s picture of Christ Healing the Sick, was still exhibiting at Matanzas. Theres nothing of inte- | Con. Fremont’s Senrence.—Our Washington | correspondent eays Col. Fremont’s sentence isa | very light one ; suspension for a short period, and pro- | bable remission of even this. This is the end of all the The affidavits sworn to and presented to the | great of the ccurt martial that sat t RontharPMladelpha Ledger, Febs ane nore an tw RHLY IMPORTANT FROM MEIC, Progress of the Peace Project, MEXICAN PROPOSITIONS SENT TO WASHINGTON. Guerillas Pursued, and several Mexi- | can Generals Captured. THE ENEMY BEGINNING TO PAY FOR THE WAR, Movements of American Troops. Sickness in General Butler's Camp. Reported Defeat of American Troops and Burning of their Forts, &e. be. Ge, | Perurssura, Feb. 4, 1848. The overland express has arrived from New Orleans, with papersto the 29th ult., through which we are placed in possession of highly im- portant news from Mexico. The steamship Edith from Vera Cruz, had ar- rived at New Orleans, bringing advices to the 20th ult. Rumors of peace and of an attempted insur- rection in the city of Mexico, were circulating at Vera Cruz. These peace rumors are founded upon the fact that the Mexican Commissioners had submitted a plan or treaty of peace, embracing the proposi- tions offered by Mr. Trist at Tacubaya. Mr. Trist’s powers having been revoked, he forwarded the Mexican propositions to Wash- ington, for the consideration of the President and Senate. Col. Withers and his detachment had arrived safely at the Real del Monte. Col. Wynkoop and his detachment pursued the guerrilla band, under Padre Jarauta, for a consi- derable distance. Col. W. overtook the rear of the band and captured Balenict, one of the Padre’s aids, to- gether with General Arista, on the Ist ult. Generals Valencia and Arista were released on parole. Generals Torrejon and Minon, with a guard, were captured at Amasuca by the Mexican auxil- iary force uuder Col. Dominguez. General Cadwallader had left the city for To- luca. His troops were in fine spirits and reach- ed Lerma without interruption. Mejor Talliferro had arrived in the Capital from Real del Monte, in charge of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.in silver, being part of the assessment levied by Gen. Scott upon the State of Mexico and the Federal district. General Butler’s regiment was suffering much from sickness. The General himself has been quite indisposed. The World, published at Guadalaxara, says in its number of 17th January, that news had reach- ed Mazatlan of 500 California rangers having at- tacked the American posts of Lapane and San Jose; and that they had defeated them and burnt both places on the 2d ult. Three American vessels were despatched from Mazatlan to render all possible assistance to the Americans. The Edith brought forty sick and discharged soldiers, and a number of bodies of deceased officers. Two soldiers died on the pas- sage. Intelligence from Albany. Auzany, Feb. 4, 1848. Dr. A. B. Whiting was confirmed to-day, as Health Officer of New York city. The steamer Columbia has been at Van Ness Point since an early hour this morning, with damage to some part of her bows. When the injuries are repaired, she will try to work up to the city. The ferry boat Boston has broken up the ice from the railroad depot to the South Ferry. | The first cord of the suspension bridge across the Falls of Niagara, was passed over on the Sist ult. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. Senate. Wasuinaton, Feb. 4, 1848, THE FEA PATCH CASE. The President sid before the Senate the proceedings and award io the Pea Patch case. MAP OF MEXICO, Mr. Rusx submitted a resolution to purchase Distur- nell’s map of Mexico and the seat of war. He laid the map before the Senate, and alluded to itsimportance. THE PRE-EMPTION SYSTEM. ‘The billto establish » general pre-emption system was considered and postponed to Monday fortnight. o VCTIONS IN THE SAVANNAH. A bill making an appropriation to remove obstructions from the Savannah river wos passed. THE WIDOWS? AND ORPHANS? BILL. The bill amending the act passed July 4th, 1936, grant- ing half pay to the widows and orphans of the husbands and fathers who died of wounds received in the service of the United States, was taken up. It was debated by Mesers. Niles, Johnson, of Louishh- na, Dix, of New York, and finally laid over. THE TEN REGIMENT BILL, The Ten Regiment Bill coming up, Mr. Sevier took the floor, and defended the policy of the administration ‘and the action of the President. He took up the history of the annexation of Texas in detail, and called atten- tion to orders given by the Mexican authorities, before the war begun, as a complete justification of the course pursued by our government. PERSONAL EXPLANATIONS. = Mersrs. Foote and Bell made personal explanations. On Motion of Mr. Hunter, the Senate adjourned to Monday. House of Representatives, REFUSAL TO HEAR PERSONAL EXPLANATIONS. Messrs. Sims and Wilmot desired to make personal explanations, but leave was refused. COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE. Mr. Vinton moved to go into committee of the whole on the state of the Union, on the loan bill. Mr. Rockwrgt moved to go into committee of the whole on the private calendar. Mr Rockwell’s motion prevailed, and the Howse went into committee, Mr. Boyd in the chair, and cos sidered sundry private bills. The Committee rose and reported several billa to the House, which wore passed MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT —GEN, TAYLOR, Kc. A message from the President was received and read It was a reply to the resolution of the House calling for 8 copy of Gen. Taylor's letter in reply to the letter of the Secretary of War of 27th January, 1947, The President communicated the copy required, which was read as follows :— LETTER OF GEN. TAYLOR TO THE WAR DEPART. MENT. Heap Quantens of tHe Any or Occviration, Aqua Nurva, Maroh 3d, 1847. H I have had the honor to receive your commranication of January 27, enclosing a newspaper slip, and express” ing the regret of the Department, that the letter copied in that lip, and which was addressed by myself to Ma- jor General Gaines, should have been published. Al- though your letter does not convey the direct o.maure of the Department and the Presidént; yet, when it wrastaken in connection with the revival of the paragraph {n the regulations of 1825, touching the publication of private letters concerning operations in the field, I am not per- mitted to doubt that I have become a subject of Execu- tive disapprobation. To any expression of it, coming with the authority of the President, | am bound by my duty and by respect for his high office, patiently to #u b- mit ; but lest my silence should be construed into a tacit adminsion of the grounds and conclusions set forth ia your communication, | deem St a duty which I owe to myself, to submit « few remarks in reply. I shall be pardoned for speaking plainly. In the firmt to my wishes, Supalp, | mend aot cay, that | ash not ip the habit of writing forthe newapapert. ‘The letter was & familiar one, written to an old military friend, with whom I have been for many years interchanging opin- fons on professional subjects. That he should think proper, under acy ciroumstanoes, to publish it, could not | bave been foreseen by me. In the absence of proof, that the publication was made without my authority or know- ledge, | may be permitted to say, the quotation in your letter of the 650th paragraph of the superseded regula- tions of 1825, in which the terms “ mischievous and dis- graceful” are employed to characterise certain letters or reports, conveys, though not openly, measure of re- buke, whiob, to say the least, is rather harsh,and which many think not warranted by the premises. Again, I have carefully examined the letter ia ques- jections urged in your communication. I see nothing in it, which, under the same circumstances I would not write sgain. To suppose that it will give the enemy valuable information touching our posts or respec- tive line of operations, is to know very little of the | Mexican sources of information, or of their extra- ordinary sagacity and facilities in keeplag constantly apprised of our movement. As to my particular views in regard to the general policy to be pursued towards Mexico, I perceive from the public journals that they are shared by many distinguished statesmen; also, in part, by conspicuous officers of the navy, the publica- tion of whose opinions is not, perhaps, obstructed by ‘any regulations of the department. It is difficult, then, to imagine how the diffusion of mine can render any peculiar aid to the enemy, or spycinily disincline him to enter into negotiations for peace. In conclusion, | would say it has given me great pain to be brought into the position in which I now find my- self in regard to the department of war, and the govern- ment. It has not been of my own seeking. To the extent of my abilities: and the means placed at my disposal, I have sought faithfully to serve the country, by carrying out the ruleazand instructions of the Executive; but it cannot be concealed, that since the capitulation of Monterey, the confidence of the department, and I too much fear, of the Presi- dent, has been gradualiy withdrawing, and my conside- ration and usefulness correspondingly diminished, The spparent determination of the department to place me in an attitude antagonisticel to the government, has an apt illustration in the well known fable of H:op. I ask no favor, and shrink from no responsibility, while en- trusted with the command in this quarter. I shall con- tinue to devote all my energies to the public good, look- ing for my réward to the conscientiousnes of pure mo- tives, and to the final verdict of impartial history. I am sir, Your very ob’t servant, Z. TAYLOR, Mejor General U.S. A. Commanding. For Hon. W. L Maroy, Seoretary of War, ‘Weshington, D.C. ‘There was much joy expressed on the reading of the lett ‘The Taylor men could scarcely remain in their neats. Mr. Barnow immediately moved that 10,000 extra copies be printed. Mr. Houmes, of South Oarolina, moved that 15,000 extra copies be printed. The motion laying over, the usual number was ordered, The whigs went cut of the hall in raptures. The Taylor stocks immediately raised fifty per cent. BILLS FROM THE SENATR. Several bills from the Senate were read twice. The House adjourned to Monday. N&W YORK LEGISLATURE. Auaany, Feb. 4, 1848, Senate, INCORPORATION OF INSURANCE COMPANIES. Mr. Ayrautr reported the general bill to incorporate insurance companies. GENERAL MANUFACTURING BILL, Mr. Cuanxe reported the general manufacturing bill, with amendments. GENERAL RAILROAD BILL. Mr. Gepprs gave notice of a general railroad bill. RELIGIOUS AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. Debate arose in Committee of the Whole on the bill in relation to religious and charitable incorporations. An amendment was adopted, that a bequest demand should be made six months before the death of the tes- and child, not to exceed in value one quarter of the es- tate, after payment of his debts. An amendment was also agreed to, empowering the Supreme Court to visit and examine these institutions. The bill was reported to the Senate, and laid on the tab'e. Adjourned. Assembly. CHARTER OF NEW YORK crty. A memorial was read from Saul Alley and others, to amend the charter of the city of New York. STATE ENGINEER, 1[Mr. Sravtpine reported the Senate bill relative to the State Engineer, &e., with amendments. ‘TROY AND BOSTON RAILROAD COMPANY. Mr Urnam reported a bill to incorporte the Troy and Boston Railroad company. ¥QUITABLE INSURANCE ComPany, Ko, Mr. Raymonp gave notice of @ bill to ammend the charter.cf New York City, and another, to red ve the capital ef the Equitable Insurance Company. Mr. Burnicx reported a bill to change the location of the Madison Bniversity to Syracuse or Rochester. PUNISHMENT OF ADULTERY, ‘The Committee of the Whole then took up the Senate bill to punish adultery. No question taken. No other business comming up, the House adjourned. “Market New Onrans, Jan. 29, 1848,—We note sales of cotton ranging at 65; 8 6% for good middling. Sugar is active: Fair is quoted at37{ a 4}5 Sales of molasses at 18K a 18%. Flour is dull at $5 In freights there is nothing new. There is more enquiry for excbanges. Burravo, Feb. 4—Flour—The market was dull at $4 75 0 $6, for straight brands Obio and Diack Rock. For good brands, deliverable in May, $4 50 wasasked Wheat was duil at 105c,and corn quite inactive at 50 cents Other articles were unchanged. Boston, Feb. 4.--Flour—Sales of 700 bbls were made, including Genesee, Michigan, &c , at $6.37% a $6 60— 400 barrels Southern on terms not stated. Corn was duly at 66.463 cents, for mixed, and no sales of moment made. Oats-- We votice sales of 2.000 bushels at 50 cts, Rye- Sales of 300 bushels were made at 9) cents. There we nothing newin provisions, Freights remained about the same. Shipping Intelligence. New Oaeans, Jan 28—Ar barks Gov Hinckley, Loring; Flora, Courh, Boston. Cld ship Elsinore, Riley, saitumore; barks Gen Green, Snow, Boston; “American,” (perhaps Ame- nies, Berry) do: h B Welch New York. Police Intelligence, Doings before Justice Osborne At the discharge of the watch prisoners, yesterday morning, before the a middle woman of rather genteel f Mary Golden, was brought on & charge of being drunk and ® man by the nome of Wm. disorderly, and abusip Poland. Maoistrate—Well, Mr Poland, what charge have you to profer against Mary? ‘our honor, she comes to my workshop drunk, and abuses me and hands. The neighbors complain about her too Maaitrate—Mary, in what relationship do you stand with this man here ? ‘(Pointing to Poland ) Many Well, your honor, he’s the father of my cbild, and all I wanted of him wi home with me Poranv~ Yen, Judge, | ta’ it’s board, but she get’s drunk, and can’t tal All want is, for her to keep away and not ate—Mary, youmuat not trouble this man.— pears, you get drunk, and annoy him at his pl of business; therefore, I ehall hold you to bail for yo fature good conduct, In default of which, Mary was taken down to prison; but, on leaving the court room, exclaimed to Poiand, “Well, Pat, you have done your best, you mean rascal, and may the Lord have | merey on your foul.” She was working herself up ina perfect fury, as the offer took her gently by the arm, and handed ber out of court. ‘The next prisoner was quite a good looking girl, of seventeen years of age, by the name of Mary Ann M han, who was bronght in by an officer from a disreputa- bie house on the Five Points, on the complaint of her mother. Maciernate—Ah ! Mary, are you here again? Why, I thought you had reformed ~ Yea, judge, and | went you to give me a chance torpeak, for l only came off Biackwell’s Island last Sat- urday, after being there six months, and my mother wants to send me up again, Ite aright down shame. I quer op mother knows best avout You ought to have kept clear of auch places when you came off tho island; instead of whish you returned back again imineaiately to your old din- reputable quarters on the Five Points, [think the best thing I can do is to send you back again for 6 months. Officer, take her down Charge of Stabbing ward, arrested yesterday Patriok Downe; of atabbing James Willetts, of No. 276 4d avenue, while hand tumble fight, inflicting a wound ‘ad in the ander part of the thigh, of ith a pocket Knife. Justice Ketch- for trie) bee leah Hf ‘with a Pistol —A kind of half insane -OMcer Loring, of tho *17th on a charge place, the published letter bears upon its face tha most conclusive evidence that it was intended only for private perusal, and not at all for pygblication. man, by the name of James McKeon, was nereated y. a Kons charge cf presenting « load ‘at George W. Isaacs, with intent to passing ugh the Park near the double-barzel take his life, w! Was pubitbed wishsot ay knowindge, and ecateary City tion, and I do not sdmit that it is obnoxious to the ob- | tator; the bsquest, when made by a person having a wife | tab rat Tontos Onorae Deer) borne on ange, iy eps Nepal, ampsteg Sartonoay. ta thi cor De 3 7; city, Charles H. Carpenter, on a beth warrant, inued by the judge of that county, wherein he stands charged with 1g am accessory, the fact, in passing coua- terfeit money, in connection with Wm. N. Andros, who is now confined in the ‘Tombs, charged with passing counterfeit money in this city, Carpenter was detained in the chief’s office, prior to being sent back to Rockland county for trial. Burglary —Officer H. on Thureday night, a an, of the 11th ward, arrested low called Patrick O'Donnell, alias John Grant, on a charge of breaking into carpen- ter’s shop aud forcing open a chest, stealing therefrom a lot of too valued at $30, Locked up by Justice Ketcham for trial Arrest on Suspicion.—Officer Leonard, one of the chief's aids, arrested yesterday Edward Mackey, on sus- picion of having foroed open the mouey drawer of Vaa- derbilt & Ford, feed merchants, in Albany street, steal- ing therefrom $84 in money. A knife was found in his possession that fitted the indentations onthetill. He was occasionally employed at the store LY the complain ants,and knew the way of the premises. Justice Osborne locked him up for ther hearing. the Barbadoes Globe to the 13th ult. The work on tho Tailroad in the course of construction has been suspend- 64. The dissolution of the company is not talked of, but msrely ® temporary suspensisn which has been rendered necessary by the disturbed state of the money market in England, and by the severe local distresses i which the island is involved. There is no local news of interest. The Antigua Herald of the 2ist of December, men- t'ons the appointment of Sir Robert Horsford to the of- fice of Chief Justics of the Island. The reduced rates for agricultural labor, sixpence sterling per da’ Herald came into operation this week on all the estates in the island with but one or two exceptions, Sr. Lucia —A severe shock of earthquake was felt at St. Lucia on the night of the Ist of January. No da- moege, beyond the cracking and splitting of a wall here aud there, has been suffered; but the shook was very se- vere and alarming MAILS FOR EURGPE. THE WEEKLY HERALD. The Weekly Herald will be ready at nine o’clook this morning. It will be ready in wrappers to go in the French mail steamer Missouri, which sails at 2 o'clock to-day, and contain a compilation of the latest Ameri} can news in the French language. oot bills we cheerfally recommend them to eall on our friend JONFS, 4 Ann the preqenlty of French calf dress boot: md do, 400. He alao sells a veay nice pair at $3.50 His best ‘rench p'teut leather boots only $7 00, and as for his French water proof aud cork sole boots, they are not to be beat in qua- ity or price. Diamond Pointed Gold Pens, of every quality, aad atall prices. both wholesale and retail, by B. k. Watson, &Co.,«! im street, oue door below Wall street, aud J. Y, Savage, 92 Falton street, makers, and only deale's in the celebrated ichelieu” Gold fens. Our prices are kuown to be the chi inthe city, while our Pens are warranted superior toany in the world. Gold Pens, at $1, $1 25, and $! 50, the saine Peus sold elsewhere at $1 50 and $2. Gold or exchanged Since the Introduction of the Perpetual Gloss Overshoe, various imitation selves, all purporting to posses an ever! polish; isthe ouly Overshce thet does not require the glo varaish, and therefore, the only one which really. pos perpetual polish. Add hat durable, aud more elegantly shape: kinds in use, and its preference over To be had’ only, at the Goody: Broadway, Rathbuu’s Hotel. A Warning to the French,—If they don’t reduce the price of their Boots, the day of th end; for our friend Young, opposite our offi best quality of French + alf in other stores for $6 and $7; alf Sewed Boot for $3 59, usually $5 in other stores; with asplendid as- rortment of Patent Leather Boots and Congress ers. Von’t forget, small profits is the motto of our ‘riend Young. on the corner of Fulton ann Nassaa. Call in and see him—the Doc tor. The Unchangeable Gloss Overshee, at 100 Broadway, opposite Trinity church —The Goodyear Rubber Warehonte, would cali the attention of the pablic to the Un- changeable ‘Gloss Oversh perior article retaining its hige polish beyond any other shoe uow 1a the market, besides sing all ihe other desirable qualities of an Overshoe, itis the plece where the greatest bargains may be had. Also an entirely new, article of overshoe. of survrising lightness aud durability. To be had only-at 100 Broadway. Dow, Jr.’s Sermons.—Che second volume, coutaming seventy-three sermons and one hundred and sixty- eight pages, has nearly ran throuzh the firat editio ron retaitting one do! ‘Il be entitled to the first volume of the termons--236 neatly printed from stereo- enths: or e.ther of the vol- hs. Th» Sunday Mereury Gen, Batler, a new origi- by Scout, ke. &e. Of nd the parer fc of to-morrow will give a portrait ginal local story, the Artist’s Hove fice 109 Ne ree ————— MONEY MARKET, Friday, Feb. 4—6 P. M. The stock market opened heavy this morning, and prices fell off @ fraction all round. There were large rales of the fancies. at the first board Long Island de clined 4 per cent; Canton 4; Farmers’ Loan 34; Mor- ris Canal 34; Erie Railroad Serip 34; Norwich and Wor- cester 1; Illinois 6's, %; Harlem \; Pennsylvania 6's, closed firm at prices current yesterday.) Atthe second board Harlem advanced \¢ per cent; Farmers’ Loan 3<; and Long Island X. A counterfeit note on the Bank of the State of Mis- sourihas been detected. It is of the denomination of $20, on bad paper—thought to be a genuine plate of the old United States Bank altered—signatures well execu ted—viguette a representation of ths United States Banking Honse in Philadelphia, which is not on any of the notes of the Missouri Bank. Sterling exchange is in moderate request, with a good supply. Prime bills are offered at 93 per cent premium. Billa on Paris we quote at 5f 27}¢a5f 25. Amsterdam 39%{ a 40; Hamburg 35}4 » 35%; Bremen 7734 978. It appears by the latest report from the Treasury De- partment, that there were in the several depositories, to the credit of the Secretary of the Treasury, subject to draft, but a little more than ten million of dollars. Th’ reduces the balance, which the Secretary considered it necessary to keep on hand, about one half, and leaves the funds in the Treasury at a very low ebb. Various plans have been proposed for rai-ing money to replenish the Treasury, by members of Congrees, and by the Com- mittee of Ways and Means; nono cf which hay yet» been adopted, or are even, under the circumstances’ considered feasible. The Secretary of the Treasury has not yet given, officially, his views relative to the beat qethod of raising money; but we have no knowledge that his opinions have undergone any material altera- tion within the past year. With the prestnt sources of revepue at the command of the givernment, the issue 0¢ Treasury notes similer to those issued for the last loan, would be the least objectionable and the most feasible; but a stock loan at six per cent, can be made at par, without the slightest diffloulty, if the revenue of the Treasury was increased by the levy cf a moderate duty on tea and coffee. Without this, or some source of addi- tional revenue equal to it, the loan in that shape could not be #0 easily made at par. ‘There is no yery important objection to the large ‘Trea- sury note system; but the operation of the Independent ‘Treasury act will be very much restricted, so long as there notes are in circulation, These notes being re- ceivable for all government dues,annuls In a great de- gree the specie clause of that act,and enables the banks to meet many of the demands for specie to pay into the custom house with these notes, During the continuance of the war, it may be better policy to carry out the Inde pendent Treaeury act but partially, particalarly when & panic exists in commercial circles; and it may be that the government can make more favorable loan, by waiving, for a time, the strict construction of that act; but the administration would in the end find it for the interest of the country, if it confined itself closely to the provisions of that act, and abandoned all attempts to make its operation more favorable to financial circles, by issuing Treasury notes of any denomination, Hed it #0 commenced, it could have continued. ~ Itiea matter of much importance to a'l engaged in trade as well as capitalists, when the government intend {esuing proposals foz a loan, what amount of money it wants, snd upon what basis it intends raising it. The disposal of these questions would have avery favorable effect upon our money mar- kets, we have no doubt, to such an extent as would place the finances of the government in a more flattering posi- tion, and enable it to make the loan upon much better terms than now appears probable, ‘The government aust have more money vory soon; the two millions now in the Tressury, with the limited amount of revenue ebming in, will not Iast long; it is but a drop in the bucket, and unless the coffers are foon replenished, they will be empty. The Coinmittee of Ways and Mvans have not been backed up by Congres, in the proposition {atroduced to authorize the Seoretary to make @ #ix per oent loan at par, and it is very doubtful ifthat body will assume the responsibiliy in anything of the kind, It is very probable that the Secretary of the Treasury will be permitted to raire money in any way he may deein Proper, and Congress will be very glad to get rid of the matter in any way, The longer the loon can be put off, the better the prospect for making it upon favorable terms; our money markets are daily got ting oasier, and the rate of intoreet lower, Commerolal confidence is becoming re-established , and there is every